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Yamashita S, Imanishi A, Ueki S, Okamoto S, Kimura S, Kiriyama A. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Analysis of pH-Responsive Doxorubicin-Releasing Micelles with Anticancer Activity. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3173-3185. [PMID: 38798088 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of in vivo pH-responsive doxorubicin (DOX) release and the targetability of pilot molecules in folic acid (FA)-modified micelles using a pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) model. The time profiles of intratumoral DOX concentrations in Walker256 tumor-bearing rats were monitored using a microdialysis probe, followed by compartmental analysis, to evaluate intratumoral tissue pharmacokinetics. Maximal DOX was released from micelles 350 min after the administration of pH-responsive DOX-releasing micelles. However, FA modification of the micelles shortened the time to peak drug concentration to 150 min. Additionally, FA modification resulted in a 27-fold increase in the tumor inflow rate constant. Walker256 tumor-bearing rats were subsequently treated with DOX, pH-responsive DOX-releasing micelles, and pH-responsive DOX-releasing FA-modified micelles to monitor the tumor growth-time profiles. An intratumoral threshold concentration of DOX (55-64 ng/g tumor) was introduced into the drug efficacy compartment to construct a PD model, followed by PK-PD analysis of the tumor growth-time profiles. Similar results of threshold concentration and drug potency of DOX were obtained across all three formulations. Cell proliferation was delayed as the drug delivery ability of DOX was improved. The PK model, which was developed using the microdialysis method, revealed the intratumoral pH-responsive DOX distribution profiles. This facilitated the estimation of intratumoral PK parameters. The PD model with threshold concentrations contributed to the estimation of PD parameters in the three formulations, with consistent mechanisms observed. We believe that our PK-PD model can objectively assess the contributions of pH-responsive release ability and pilot molecule targetability to pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugo Yamashita
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Azusa Imanishi
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Suzuna Ueki
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Serina Okamoto
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kimura
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
| | - Akiko Kiriyama
- Department of Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0395, Japan
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Wang S, Liu J, Lv H, Huang X, Dong P, Wang Q, Yang H, Wang S, Li X, Hu J, Wang D, Cao S, Xie L, Shi Y. Complete regression of xenografted breast tumors by dextran-based dual drug conjugates containing paclitaxel and docosahexaenoic acid. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 240:114567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Dong P, Liu J, Lv H, Wu J, Zhang N, Wang S, Li X, Hu J, Wang A, Li DJ, Wang D, Cao S, Xie L, Shi YK. The enhanced antitumor activity of the polymeric conjugate covalently coupled with docetaxel and docosahexaenoic acid. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:3454-3465. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00337f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Docetaxel (DTX) has been widely used for treatment of many types of cancer. However, DTX is poor water soluble and commercial DTX is formulated in nonionic surfactant polysorbate 80 and...
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Pereira P, Serra AC, Coelho JF. Vinyl Polymer-based technologies towards the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Prog Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2021.101432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Abstract
GPCRs remain the most important drug target comprising ~ 34% of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs. In modern pharmacology of GPCRs, modulating receptor signaling based on requirement of a specific disorder is of immense interest. Classical drugs targeting orthosteric sites in GPCRs completely block the binding of endogenous ligand and consequently inhibit all important signals from a GPCR. Some of many signals elicited by the endogenous ligands may play vital role and inhibiting these may also cause severe side effects in the long run. However, allosteric drugs can modulate GPCR signaling without blocking the endogenous ligand binding. Therefore, allosteric drugs can maintain beneficial signaling of the receptor and prevent unwanted side effects. In this chapter, we will discuss GPCR crystal structures solved with allosteric ligands, advantages of allosteric drugs, and allosteric drugs which are in clinical use or trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khuraijam Dhanachandra Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Sadashiva S Karnik
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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Yamashita S, Katsumi H, Shimizu E, Nakao Y, Yoshioka A, Fukui M, Kimura H, Sakane T, Yamamoto A. Dendrimer-based micelles with highly potent targeting to sites of active bone turnover for the treatment of bone metastasis. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 157:85-96. [PMID: 33039547 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Bone-drug targeting therapies using nanoparticles based on targeting ligands remain challenging due to their uptake clearance at non-target sites such as the liver, kidney, and spleen. Furthermore, the distribution sites of nanoparticles in bones have not been fully investigated, thus halting the development of more effective bone metastasis treatment strategies. In this study, we developed nanoparticles self-assembled from cholesterol-terminated, polyethylene glycol-conjugated, aspartic acid (Asp)-modified polyamidoamine dendrimer (Asp-PAMAM-Micelles) with targeting to active bone turnover sites associated with bone metastasis pathogenesis. On analysis through whole-body single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging, 111In-Asp-PAMAM-Micelles showed high specificity to active bone turnover sites (especially the joints in the lower limbs, shoulder, and pelvis) after intravenous injection in mice. The lower limb bone uptake clearance for 111In-Asp-PAMAM-Micelles encapsulating paclitaxel (PTX) was 3.5-fold higher than that for 111In-unmodified PAMAM-Micelles (PTX). 3H-PTX encapsulated Asp-PAMAM-Micelles effectively accumulated in the lower limb bones in a similar manner as the 111In-Asp-PAMAM-Micelles (PTX). In a bone metastatic tumor mouse model, the tumor growth in the lower limb bones was significantly inhibited by injection of Asp-PAMAM-Micelles (PTX) compared to unmodified PAMAM-Micelles (PTX). Our results demonstrate that Asp-PAMAM-Micelles are sophisticated drug delivery systems for highly potent targeting to active bone turnover sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shugo Yamashita
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hidemasa Katsumi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Erika Shimizu
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yuto Nakao
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Ayane Yoshioka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Minako Fukui
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kimura
- Department of Analytical and Bioinorganic Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Sakane
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-8558, Japan
| | - Akira Yamamoto
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
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Yan Z, Li X, Fan Q, Bai H, Wu S, Zhang ZF, Pan L. A water-stable and biofriendly Zn-MOF with pyrazine decorated pores as 5-Fu delivery system to induce human ovarian cancer cells apoptosis and abrogate their growth. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Hashida M. Role of pharmacokinetic consideration for the development of drug delivery systems: A historical overview. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 157:71-82. [PMID: 32565225 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug delivery system is defined as a system or technology to achieve optimum therapeutic effects of drugs through precise control of their movements in the body. In order to optimize function of drug delivery systems aiming at targeting, their whole-body distribution profiles should be systematically evaluated and analyzed, where pharmacokinetic analysis based on the clearance concepts plays important role. Organ perfusion experiments combined with statistical moment analysis further supply detailed information on drug disposition at organ and cellular levels. Based on general relationship between physicochemical properties and distribution profile, macromolecular prodrugs or polymer conjugates of proteins are rationally designed and further introduction of ligand structure brings cell-specific delivery for them. These approaches are also applicable for particulate carriers such as liposomes and offer various opportunities for biological drugs such as nucleic acid drugs for their delivery. Mechanistic approach for dermal absorption analysis based on physiological skin model offers another opportunity in rational design of drug delivery. Potential of drug delivery technology in future medicines such as cell therapy and nanomaterial platform application is further discussed in relation to pharmacokinetic consideration.
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Diainabo KJ, Neuse EW, Chen CT, Lynne Van Zyl R. Design and synthesis of polysapartamide co-drugs of platinum and methotrexate as anticancer agents. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2018.1455681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kayembe Jacques Diainabo
- Polymer Research Group, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - E. W. Neuse
- Polymer Research Group, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Chien-Teng Chen
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Robyn Lynne Van Zyl
- Pharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Guissi NEI, Li H, Xu Y, Semcheddine F, Chen M, Su Z, Ping Q. Mitoxantrone- and Folate-TPGS2k Conjugate Hybrid Micellar Aggregates To Circumvent Toxicity and Enhance Efficiency for Breast Cancer Therapy. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:1082-1094. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nida El Islem Guissi
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics,
and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Ferhat Abbas University, Setif 19000, Algeria
| | - Huipeng Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics,
and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yurui Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics,
and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Farouk Semcheddine
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and
Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minglei Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics,
and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhigui Su
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics,
and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Qineng Ping
- State
Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics,
and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Pató J, Ulbrich K, Subr V, Baker P, Mezö G, Hudecz F. Synthesis of Macromolecular Conjugates of a Urokinase Inhibitor: Amiloride. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088391159901400201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Amiloride is a potent inhibitor of a urokinase type plasminogen activator which is involved in the invasive process of cancer cells leading to the initiation of metastasis. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro tests of four macromolecular conjugates of Amiloride are presented. One of them is a degradable derivative, HPMA-Gly-D,l-Phe-Leu-Gly-amiloride. In this case the in vitro release of Amiloride was monitored. Other conjugates are stable containing a new amiloride derivative, 6-aminohexyl amiloride [AHA], coupled to different polymeric carriers: a branched polypeptide, poly-[Lys(AcGlu1.0-D,l-Ala4.5)] [AcEAK], poly-[N-(2-hydroxy propyl) metacrylamide] [HPMA] and poly-[1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone- co-maleic acid] [NVP MA]. Inhibition of uPA, plasminogen activation and proteinases secreted by cancer cells was measured as well as basement membrane degradation in vitro. Each amiloride AHA and the corresponding conjugates retained their activity in these experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janos Pató
- Chemical Institute, Chemical Research Center, Pusztaszeri u. 59-67, 1525 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karel Ulbrich
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Subr
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Heyrovsky Sq. 2, 16206 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Baker
- Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, B152THBirmingham, UK
| | - Gábor Mezö
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Pázmány P s. 2, 1518 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Hudecz
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Pázmány P s. 2, 1518 Budapest, Hungary
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Nanoparticle-based combination drug delivery systems for synergistic cancer treatment. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-016-0252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Anitha A, Maya S, Sivaram AJ, Mony U, Jayakumar R. Combinatorial nanomedicines for colon cancer therapy. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 8:151-9. [PMID: 26061225 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the major causes of cancer deaths worldwide. Even after surgical resection and aggressive chemotherapy, 50% of colorectal carcinoma patients develop recurrent disease. Thus, the rationale of developing new therapeutic approaches to improve the current chemotherapeutic regimen would be highly recommended. There are reports on the effectiveness of combination chemotherapy in colon cancer and it has been practiced in clinics for long time. These approaches are associated with toxic side effects. Later, the drug delivery research had shown the potential of nanoencapsulation techniques and active targeting as an effective method to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy with less toxicity. This current focus article provides a brief analysis of the ongoing research in the colon cancer area using the combinatorial nanomedicines and its outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Anitha
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi-682041, India
| | - S Maya
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi-682041, India
| | - Amal J Sivaram
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi-682041, India
| | - U Mony
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi-682041, India
| | - R Jayakumar
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Kochi-682041, India
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Borna H, Imani S, Iman M, Azimzadeh Jamalkandi S. Therapeutic face of RNAi: in vivo challenges. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 15:269-85. [PMID: 25399911 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2015.983070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION RNA interference is a sequence-specific gene silencing phenomenon in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) can trigger gene transcriptional and post-transcriptional silencing. This phenomenon represents an emerging therapeutic approach for in vivo studies by efficient delivery of specific synthetic siRNAs against diseases. Therefore, simultaneous development of synthetic siRNAs along with novel delivery techniques is considered as novel and interesting therapeutic challenges. AREAS COVERED This review provides a basic explanation to siRNA signaling pathways and their therapeutic challenges. Here, we provide a comprehensive explanation to failed and successful trials and their in vivo challenges. EXPERT OPINION Specific, efficient and targeted delivery of siRNAs is the major concern for their in vivo administrations. Also, anatomical barriers, drug stability and availability, immunoreactivity and existence of various delivery routes, different genetic backgrounds are major clinical challenges. However, successful administration of siRNA-based drugs is expected during foreseeable features. But, their systemic applications will depend on strong targeted drug delivery strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojat Borna
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Chemical Injuries Research Center , Tehran , Iran
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Li M, Liang Z, Sun X, Gong T, Zhang Z. A polymeric prodrug of 5-fluorouracil-1-acetic acid using a multi-hydroxyl polyethylene glycol derivative as the drug carrier. PLoS One 2014; 9:e112888. [PMID: 25389968 PMCID: PMC4229301 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0112888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Macromolecular prodrugs obtained by covalently conjugating small molecular drugs with polymeric carriers were proven to accomplish controlled and sustained release of the therapeutic agents in vitro and in vivo. Polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been extensively used due to its low toxicity, low immunogenicity and high biocompatibility. However, for linear PEG macromolecules, the number of available hydroxyl groups for drug coupling does not change with the length of polymeric chain, which limits the application of PEG for drug conjugation purposes. To increase the drug loading and prolong the retention time of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu), a macromolecular prodrug of 5-Fu, 5-fluorouracil-1 acid-PAE derivative (5-FA-PAE) was synthesized and tested for the antitumor activity in vivo. METHODS PEG with a molecular weight of 38 kDa was selected to synthesize the multi-hydroxyl polyethylene glycol derivative (PAE) through an addition reaction. 5-fluorouracil-1 acetic acid (5-FA), a 5-Fu derivative was coupled with PEG derivatives via ester bond to form a macromolecular prodrug, 5-FA-PAE. The in vitro drug release, pharmacokinetics, in vivo distribution and antitumor effect of the prodrug were investigated, respectively. RESULTS The PEG-based prodrug obtained in this study possessed an exceedingly high 5-FA loading efficiency of 10.58%, much higher than the maximum drug loading efficiency of unmodified PEG with the same molecular weight, which was 0.98% theoretically. Furthermore, 5-FA-PAE exhibited suitable sustained release in tumors. CONCLUSION This study provides a new approach for the development of the delivery to tumors of anticancer agents with PEG derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- * E-mail: (TG); (ZZ)
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
- * E-mail: (TG); (ZZ)
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Ryu JS, Raucher D. Elastin-like polypeptide for improved drug delivery for anticancer therapy: preclinical studies and future applications. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2014; 12:653-67. [PMID: 25350837 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.974546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite their poor specificity, small molecule drugs are considered more powerful and effective than other current chemotherapies. A promising method for targeting these anticancer drugs to tumors, elastin-like polypeptides (ELP), has recently emerged. When an anticancer drug that has been conjugated to an ELP is administered, and focal hyperthermia applied, the thermoresponsive properties and enhanced permeability and retention effects of the ELP facilitate drug aggregation within tumor tissues. By incorporating a cell penetrating peptide onto this ELP-chemotherapeutic construct, even greater drug uptake into tumor cells can be achieved. AREAS COVERED The review explores the preclinical study progress of ELP-based drug delivery technology and discusses its potential in cancer therapy. Recent experimental work has shown that a delivery construct consisting of an ELP-therapeutic peptide (e.g., the c-Myc-inhibitory peptide, or the p21(WAF1/CIP1)-derived peptide), as well as ELP-small molecule drugs (e.g., doxorubicin, paclitaxel), can be thermally targeted to accumulate in tumors and diminish their growth. EXPERT OPINION ELP drug delivery technology is complementary and synergistic to current drug delivery modalities and based on existing hyperthermia technology. By using this technology to achieve chemotherapeutic targeting, efficacy can be improved and side effects reduced in comparison with current regimens, providing treatment alternatives and/or augmenting current therapies for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Su Ryu
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Biochemistry , 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216 , USA +1 601 984 1510 ; +1 601 984 1501 ;
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Xu Z, Zheng W, Yin Z. Synthesis and Optimization of a Bifunctional Hyaluronan-Based Camptothecin Prodrug. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2014; 347:240-6. [PMID: 24402828 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201300177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zaiyang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
| | - Zongning Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; Chengdu People's Republic of China
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He H, Liang Q, Shin MC, Lee K, Gong J, Ye J, Liu Q, Wang J, Yang V. Significance and strategies in developing delivery systems for bio-macromolecular drugs. Front Chem Sci Eng 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-013-1362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Availability of polymeric nanoparticles for specific enhanced and targeted drug delivery. Ther Deliv 2013; 4:1261-78. [DOI: 10.4155/tde.13.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 20–30 years there has been quite a number of studies interested in polymeric nanoparticle (PNP) systems as a pharmaceutical approach for poorly soluble drugs, peptide drugs, gene and antibodies. Now, the products based on the PNP technologies are used in the fields of medical science, pharmaceutical science, tissue engineering and clothing, food and housing. This review focuses attention on PNPs for specific enhanced and targeted drug delivery of therapeutic drugs including peptide drugs as well as drug delivery applications of such systems. Outcomes from recent studies on polymers, how to make PNPs, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of PNPs, and the release profiles from PNPs and related systems are also described, including their pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, if available. In addition, the latest PNP trends and will be described.
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Improved stability and tumor targeting of 5-fluorouracil by conjugation with hyaluronan. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.39247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Campos FDS, Cassimiro DL, Crespi MS, Almeida AE, Gremião MPD. Preparation and characterisation of Dextran-70 hydrogel for controlled release of praziquantel. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1984-82502013000100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A hydrogel was developed from 70 kDa dextran (DEX-70) and praziquantel (PZQ) incorporated as a model drug. Biopharmaceutical properties, such as solubility and dissolution rate, were analysed in the design of the hydrogel. Furthermore, the hydrogel was also characterized by IR spectroscopy and DSC. Tests of the swelling rate showed that the hydrogel swelled slowly, albeit faster than the rate for the free polymer. In dissolution tests, the hydrogel released the drug slowly and continuously. This slow release was similar to that observed in the swelling tests and resulted in controlled release of the drug. Thus, this dextran is a suitable polymer for the development of hydrogels as vehicles for the controlled release of drugs.
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Abstract
Combination chemotherapy and nanoparticle drug delivery are two areas that have shown significant promise in cancer treatment. Combined therapy of two or more drugs promotes synergism among the different drugs against cancer cells and suppresses drug resistance through distinct mechanisms of action. Nanoparticle drug delivery, on the other hand, enhances therapeutic effectiveness and reduces side effects of the drug payloads by improving their pharmacokinetics. These two active research fields have been recently merged to further improve the efficacy of cancer therapeutics. This review article summarizes the recent efforts in developing nanoparticle platforms to concurrently deliver multiple types of drugs for combination chemotherapy. We also highlight the challenges and design specifications that need to be considered in optimizing nanoparticle-based combination chemotherapy.
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Chen YC, Liao LC, Lu PL, Lo CL, Tsai HC, Huang CY, Wei KC, Yen TC, Hsiue GH. The accumulation of dual pH and temperature responsive micelles in tumors. Biomaterials 2012; 33:4576-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Hu CMJ, Zhang L. Nanoparticle-based combination therapy toward overcoming drug resistance in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2012; 83:1104-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 499] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 01/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Luo Q, Wang P, Miao Y, He H, Tang X. A novel 5-fluorouracil prodrug using hydroxyethyl starch as a macromolecular carrier for sustained release. Carbohydr Polym 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2011.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Chhikara BS, Mandal D, Parang K. Synthesis, anticancer activities, and cellular uptake studies of lipophilic derivatives of doxorubicin succinate. J Med Chem 2012; 55:1500-10. [PMID: 22276998 DOI: 10.1021/jm201653u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A number of lipophilic 14-substituted derivatives of doxorubicin were synthesized through conjugation of doxorubicin-14-hemisuccinate with different fatty amines or tetradecanol to enhance the lipophilicity, cellular uptake, and cellular retention for sustained anticancer activity. The conjugates inhibited the cell proliferation of human leukemia (CCRF-CEM, 69-76%), colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29, 60-77%), and breast adenocarcinoma (MDA-MB-361, 66-71%) cells at a concentration of 1 μM after 96-120 h of incubation. The N-tetradecylamido derivative of doxorubicin 14-succinate (10) exhibited consistently comparable antiproliferative activity to doxorubicin in a time-dependent manner (IC(50) = 77 nM in CCRF-CEM cells). Flow cytometry analysis showed a 3-fold more cellular uptake of 10 than doxorubicin in SK-OV-3 cells. Confocal microscopy revealed that the conjugate was distributed in cytoplasmic and perinuclear areas during the first 1 h of incubation and slowly relocalized in the nucleus after 24 h. The cellular hydrolysis study showed that 98% of compound 10 was hydrolyzed intracellularly within 48 h and released doxorubicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupender S Chhikara
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, 41 Lower College Road, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States
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Khan ZA, Tripathi R, Mishra B. Methotrexate: a detailed review on drug delivery and clinical aspects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2012; 9:151-69. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2012.642362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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28
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Cajot S, Riva R, Billiet L, Du Prez F, Alexandre M, Lecomte P, Jérôme C. Novel Amphiphilic Mikto-Arm Star-Shaped Copolymers for the Preparation of PLA-Based Nanocarriers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.201100044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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29
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Chhikara BS, St. Jean N, Mandal D, Kumar A, Parang K. Fatty acyl amide derivatives of doxorubicin: Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activities. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:2037-42. [PMID: 21420207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2010] [Revised: 02/14/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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30
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Cajot S, Lautram N, Passirani C, Jérôme C. Design of reversibly core cross-linked micelles sensitive to reductive environment. J Control Release 2011; 152:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2011.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 01/28/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Abstract
Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs is one of the most actively pursued goals in anticancer chemotherapy. Serum proteins such as transferrin, albumin, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) offer promise for the selective delivery of antineoplastic agents due to their accumulation in tumor tissue. Uptake of these proteins in solid tumors is mediated by a number of factors, including an increased metabolic activity of tumors, an enhanced vascular permeability of tumor blood vessels for circulating macromolecules, and a lack of a functional lymphatic drainage system in tumor tissue. At the tumor site, transferrin, low-density lipoprotein, and albumin are taken up by the tumor cell through receptor-mediated and fluid phase endocytosis, respectively. Serum protein conjugates can be designed to release the bound antitumor drug after cellular uptake of the drug conjugate. This review covers the diagnostic evidence for tumor accumulation of serum proteins and the design, development, and biological evaluation of drug conjugates with transferrin, albumin, and low-density lipoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kratz
- Department of Medical Oncology, Clinical Research, Tumor Biology Center, Breisacher Strasse 117, Freiburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
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He H, Dong W, Gong J, Wang J, Yang VC. Developing macromolecular therapeutics: the future drug-of-choice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-009-0291-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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33
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Sobczak M, Kolodziejski W. Polymerization of cyclic esters initiated by carnitine and tin (II) octoate. Molecules 2009; 14:621-32. [PMID: 19214152 PMCID: PMC6253994 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14020621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2008] [Revised: 01/04/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone), polylactides and copolymers of ε−caprolactone and lactides were obtained by the polymerization of cyclic esters in the presence of a carnitine/SnOct2 system. Their structures were proven by means of MALDI−TOF, IR and NMR studies. Effects of temperature, reaction time and carnitine dosage on the polymerization process were examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Sobczak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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Veltkamp SA, Witteveen EO, Capriati A, Crea A, Animati F, Voogel-Fuchs M, van den Heuvel IJ, Beijnen JH, Voest EE, Schellens JH. Clinical and Pharmacologic Study of the Novel Prodrug Delimotecan (MEN 4901/T-0128) in Patients with Solid Tumors. Clin Cancer Res 2008; 14:7535-44. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-08-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Chen CS, Ofner CM. The effect of molecular weight, drug load, and charge of gelatin-MTX conjugates on growth inhibition of HL-60 leukemia cells. Pharm Res 2008; 26:338-45. [PMID: 18975058 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-008-9746-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 10/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gelatin-methotrexate conjugates (G-MTX) with known molecular weight (MW), drug load, and charge were prepared and evaluated for growth inhibition on leukemia cells. METHODS Gelatin (34 to 171 kDa) was reacted with a carbodiimide to prepare G-MTX with high (G-MTX-H) and low (G-MTX-L) drug loads. Cationic conjugates were prepared by ethylenediamine modification. MTX:gelatin molar ratios were determined spectrophotometrically. Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis (IEF) and turbidity were used to measure isoelectric points (IEP). Growth inhibition profiles and IC50 values were determined on HL-60 cells using a modified MTT assay. RESULTS IC50 values of anionic G-MTX-L (drug loads 0.5:1 to 2.2:1) increased linearly from 46 to 180 nM with MW. But, IC50 values for anionic G-MTX-H (drug loads 7.4:1 to 25:1) showed little, if any, MW dependence and were about two times higher. IC50 values for cationic G-MTX-L ranged from 770 to 2,900 nM and the relationship with MW was non-linear. CONCLUSIONS The growth inhibition ranking was MTX>anionic G-MTX-L>anionic G-MTX-H>cationic G-MTX-L. High drug load may hinder lysosomal enzyme degradation and drug release and contribute to suppression of the MW effect observed with G-MTX-L. A mechanism change is suggested as the cationic conjugates increase to the highest MW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences in Philadelphia, 600 South 43rd Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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Xu S, Krämer M, Haag R. pH-Responsive dendritic core-shell architectures as amphiphilic nanocarriers for polar drugs. J Drug Target 2008; 14:367-74. [PMID: 17092837 DOI: 10.1080/10611860600834011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In this paper a simple general synthetic concept was used to generate dendritic core-shell architectures based on hyperbranched poly(ethylene imine) cores and different shells which contain aliphatic chains and poly(ethylene glycol) chains, respectively. Using these dendritic core-shell architectures as nanocarriers we studied the encapsulation and transport of polar drugs, such as congo red. The results showed that the acid labile nanocarriers exhibited much higher transport capacities for congo red than the bare poly(ethylene imine). This gives an opportunity for the controlled release of encapsulated dyes and drugs by a pH-triggered cleavage of the imine bond. In two cases the pH-sensitivity was studied and a relatively high stability of the imine bond was observed at pH 8, while fast cleavage occurred at pH 5-7. This pH difference correspond to the pH-shift in malignant tissues (tumor, infection) compared to normal tissue, which could trigger the release of the encapsulated drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Xu
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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37
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Cao N, Feng SS. Doxorubicin conjugated to D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS): conjugation chemistry, characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Biomaterials 2008; 29:3856-65. [PMID: 18606445 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 05/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
To develop a polymer-anticancer drug conjugate, D-alpha-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) was employed as a carrier of doxorubicin (DOX) to enhance its therapeutic effects and reduce its side effects. Doxorubicin was chemically conjugated to TPGS. The molecular structure, drug loading efficiency, drug release kinetics and stability of the conjugate were characterized. The cellular uptake, intracellular distribution, and cytotoxicity were accessed by using MCF-7 breast cancer cells and C6 glioma cells as in vitro cell model. The conjugate showed higher cellular uptake efficiency and broader distribution within the cells. Judged by IC(50), the conjugate was found 31.8, 69.6, 84.1% more effective with MCF-7 cells and 43.9, 87.7, 42.2% more effective with C6 cells than the parent drug after 24, 48, 72 h culture, respectively. The in vivo pharmacokinetics and biodistribution were investigated after an i.v. administration at 5 mg DOX/kg body weight in rats. Promisingly, 4.5-fold increase in the half-life and 24-fold increase in the area-under-the-curve (AUC) of DOX were achieved for the TPGS-DOX conjugate compared with the free DOX. The drug level in heart, gastric and intestine was significantly reduced, which is an indication of reduced side effects. Our TPGS-DOX conjugate showed great potential to be a prodrug of higher therapeutic effects and fewer side effects than DOX itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Cao
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, Singapore
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38
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Synthesis and structural analysis of polyester prodrugs of norfloxacin. Molecules 2008; 13:96-106. [PMID: 18259133 PMCID: PMC6245082 DOI: 10.3390/molecules13010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2007] [Revised: 01/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-, three- and four-arm, star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone) and poly(D,L‑lactide) homopolymers, and copolymers of ε-caprolactone with D,L-lactide were synthesized via ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters in the presence of glycerol, penthaerythritol and poly(ethylene glycol) as initiators and stannous octoate as a catalyst. Thus obtained oligomers were successfully used in the synthesis of novel macromolecular prodrugs of norfloxacin. The structures of the polymers and prodrugs were elucidated by means of MALDI-TOF MS, NMR and IR studies.
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40
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Chimalakonda KC, Agarwal HK, Kumar A, Parang K, Mehvar R. Synthesis, analysis, in vitro characterization, and in vivo disposition of a lamivudine-dextran conjugate for selective antiviral delivery to the liver. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 18:2097-108. [PMID: 17922546 DOI: 10.1021/bc700193d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A liver-selective prodrug (3TCSD) of the antiviral drug lamivudine (3TC) was developed and characterized. 3TC was coupled to dextran ( approximately 25 kDa) using a succinate linker, and the in vitro and in vivo behavior of the conjugate was studied using newly developed size-exclusion and reversed-phase analytical methods. Synthesized 3TCSD had a purity of >99% with a degree of substitution of 6.5 mg of 3TC per 100 mg of the conjugate. Furthermore, the developed assays were precise and accurate in the concentration ranges of 0.125-20, 0.36-18, and 1-50 microg/mL for 3TC, 3TC succinate (3TCS), and 3TCSD, respectively. In vitro, the conjugate slowly released 3TC in the presence of rat liver lysosomes, whereas it was stable in the corresponding buffer. In vivo in rats, conjugation of 3TC to dextran resulted in 40- and 7-fold decreases in the clearance and volume of distribution of the drug, respectively. However, the accumulation of the conjugated 3TC in the liver was 50-fold higher than that of the parent drug. The high accumulation of the conjugate in the liver was associated with a gradual and sustained release of 3TC in the liver. These studies indicate the feasibility of the synthesis of 3TCS-dextran and its potential use for the selective delivery of 3TC to the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna C Chimalakonda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, TX 79106, USA
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41
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Xu S, Luo Y, Haag R. Water-Soluble pH-Responsive Dendritic Core-Shell Nanocarriers for Polar Dyes Based on Poly(ethylene imine). Macromol Biosci 2007; 7:968-74. [PMID: 17665413 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.200700066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A simple general synthetic concept to build dendritic core-shell architectures with pH-labile linkers based on hyperbranched PEI cores and biocompatible PEG shells is presented. Using these dendritic core-shell architectures as nanocarriers, the encapsulation and transport of polar dyes of different sizes is studied. The results show that the acid-labile nanocarriers exhibit much higher transport capacities for dyes than unfunctionalized hyperbranched PEI. The cleavage of imine bonds and controlled release of the polar dyes revealed that weak acidic condition (pH approximately 5.0) could cleave the imine bonds linker and release the dyes up to five times faster than neutral conditions (pH = 7.4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangjie Xu
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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42
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Garattini S. Pharmacokinetics in cancer chemotherapy. Eur J Cancer 2006; 43:271-82. [PMID: 17174548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2006.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2006] [Accepted: 10/30/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Garattini
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Eritrea 62, 20157 Milano, Italy.
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43
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Daniels TR, Delgado T, Helguera G, Penichet ML. The transferrin receptor part II: targeted delivery of therapeutic agents into cancer cells. Clin Immunol 2006; 121:159-76. [PMID: 16920030 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2006.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 367] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2006] [Revised: 06/16/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Traditional anti-cancer treatments consist of chemotherapeutic drugs that effectively eliminate rapidly dividing tumor cells. However, in many cases chemotherapy fails to eliminate the tumor and even when chemotherapy is successful, its systemic cytotoxicity often results in detrimental side effects. To overcome these problems, many laboratories have focused on the design of novel therapies that exhibit tumor specific toxicity. The transferrin receptor (TfR), a cell membrane-associated glycoprotein involved in iron homeostasis and cell growth, has been explored as a target to deliver therapeutics into cancer cells due to its increased expression on malignant cells, accessibility on the cell surface, and constitutive endocytosis. The TfR can be targeted by direct interaction with conjugates of its ligand transferrin (Tf) or by monoclonal antibodies specific for the TfR. In this review we summarize the strategies of targeting the TfR in order to deliver therapeutic agents into tumor cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy R Daniels
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Reményi J, Csík G, Kovács P, Reig F, Hudecz F. The effect of the structure of branched polypeptide carrier on intracellular delivery of daunomycin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2006; 1758:280-9. [PMID: 16500616 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2005.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2005] [Revised: 11/26/2005] [Accepted: 12/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The conjugate of acid labile cis-aconityl-daunomycin (cAD) with branched chain polypeptide, poly[Lys(Glui-DL-Alam)] (EAK) was very effective against L1210 leukemia in mice. However, Dau attached to a polycationic polypeptide, poly[Lys(Seri-DL-Alam)] (SAK) exhibited no in vivo antitumor effect. In order to understand this difference we have performed comparative in vitro studies to dissect properties related to interaction with the whole body (e.g., biodistribution) from those present at cellular or even molecular level. We report here (a) the kinetics of acid-induced Dau liberation, (b) interaction with DPPC phospholipid bilayer, (c) in vitro cytotoxic effect on different tumor cells, and (d) intracellular distribution in HL-60 cells of polycationic (cAD-SAK) and amphoteic (cAD-EAK) conjugates. Fluorescence properties of the two conjugates are also reported. Our findings demonstrate that the kinetics of the drug release, intracellular distribution and in vitro cytotoxic effect are rather similar, while the effect on DPPC phospholipid bilayer and fluorescence properties of the two conjugates are not the same. We also found that the in vitro cytotoxicity is cell line dependent. These observations suggest that the structure of the polypeptide carrier could have marked influence on drug uptake related events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Reményi
- Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Eötvös L. University, Budapest 112, POB 32 H-1518, Hungary
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Miyano T, Tobinaga Y, Kanno T, Matsuzaki Y, Takeda H, Wakui M, Hanada K. Sugar micro needles as transdermic drug delivery system. Biomed Microdevices 2005; 7:185-8. [PMID: 16133805 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-005-3024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We designed and fabricated an array of sugar micro needles of the length ranging from 150 micro m to 2 mm for transdermic delivery of drugs. Micro needles were molded out of maltose mixed with pharmaceutical material, being expected bio-degradable in the human skin. To test basic tolerance to the healthy human skin, a clinical experiment was carried out for 10 healthy adult volunteers. 500 microm-needles containing 5 wt% of ascorbate-2-glycoside were inserted into the skin of the forearm and snapped off to be left in the skin. They spontaneously dissolved by hydrolysis to release ascorbate in the epidermis and the dermis. No dermatological problems were observed in terms of the International Contact Dermatitis Research Group criteria. These observations indicate that the present system is a novel approach to achieve transdermic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaya Miyano
- Department of Micro System Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Noji-Higashi 1-1-1, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan.
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Ma SF, Nishikawa M, Katsumi H, Yamashita F, Hashida M. Cationic charge-dependent hepatic delivery of amidated serum albumin. J Control Release 2005; 102:583-94. [PMID: 15681081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2004] [Accepted: 11/01/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To obtain a quantitative correlation between the physicochemical properties of amidated bovine serum albumin (BSA) and their tissue distribution characteristics for the development of targeted delivery of proteins, BSA was amidated with hexamethylenediamine (HMD) or ethylenediamine (ED) to obtain cationized BSAs. Their structural changes were examined by spectroscopic and electrophoretic techniques then their tissue distribution was studied in mice. Circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence measurements showed that spectroscopic changes occurred as the number of free NH2 groups increased. Capillary electrophoresis revealed a linear relationship between the mobility and the increased number of free NH2 groups. 111In-cationized BSAs were rapidly taken up by liver, but HMD-BSA showed a faster uptake than ED-BSA with a similar number of free NH2 groups, suggesting that the diamine reagent with a longer carboxyl side chain results in more efficient hepatic targeting. The hepatic uptake clearance (CL(liver)) of both derivatives increased significantly with a decrease in electrophoretic mobility (mu(ep)) towards the anode and reached a plateau at low electrophoretic mobility. The electrophoretic mobility is an appropriate indicator of the degree of amidation, which was closely correlated with the hepatic uptake clearance. The correlation between the mobility and the clearance shows that a low degree of amidation is sufficient for efficient hepatic targeting of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-Feng Ma
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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47
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Greenwald RB. Drug delivery systems: anticancer prodrugs and their polymeric conjugates. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2005. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.7.6.601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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48
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Tamilvanan S. Oil-in-water lipid emulsions: implications for parenteral and ocular delivering systems. Prog Lipid Res 2005; 43:489-533. [PMID: 15522762 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2004.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Lipid emulsions (LEs) are heterogenous dispersions of two immiscible liquids (oil-in-water or water-in-oil) and they are subjected to various instability processes like aggregation, flocculation, coalescence and hence eventual phase separation according to the second law of thermodynamics. However, the physical stability of the LE can substantially be improved with help of suitable emulsifiers that are capable of forming a mono- or multi-layer coating film around the dispersed liquid droplets in such a way to reduce interfacial tension or to increase droplet-droplet repulsion. Depending on the concentrations of these three components (oil-water-emulsifier) and the efficiency of the emulsification equipments used to reduce droplet size, the final LE may be in the form of oil-in-water (o/w), water-in-oil (w/o), micron, submicron and double or multiple emulsions (o/w/o and w/o/w). The o/w type LEs (LE) are colloidal drug carriers, which have various therapeutic applications. As an intravenous delivery system it incorporates lipophilic water non-soluble drugs, stabilize drugs that tend to undergo hydrolysis and reduce side effects of various potent drugs. When the LE is used as an ocular delivery systems they increase local bioavailability, sustain the pharmacological effect of drugs and decrease systemic side effects of the drugs. Thus, the rationale of using LE as an integral part of effective treatment is clear. Following administration of LE through these routes, the biofate of LE associated bioactive molecules are somehow related to the vehicles disposition kinetics inside blood or eyeball. However, the LE is not devoid from undergoing various bio-process while exerting their efficacious actions. The purpose of this review is therefore to give an implication of LE for parenteral and ocular delivering systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tamilvanan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector-67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
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Hashida M, Kawakami S, Yamashita F. Lipid Carrier Systems for Targeted Drug and Gene Delivery. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2005; 53:871-80. [PMID: 16079512 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.53.871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For effective chemotherapy, it is necessary to deliver therapeutic agents selectively to their target sites, since most drugs are associated with both beneficial effects and side effects. The use of lipid dispersion carrier systems, such as lipid emulsions and liposomes, as carriers of lipophilic drugs has attracted particular interest. A drug delivery system can be defined as a methodology for manipulating drug distribution in the body. Since drug distribution depends on the carrier, administration route, particle size of the carrier, lipid composition of the carrier, electric charge of the carrier and ligand density of the targeting carrier, these factors must be optimized. Recently, the lipid carrier system has also been applied to gene delivery systems for gene therapy. However, in both drug and gene medicine cases, a lack of cell-selectivity limits the wide application of this kind of drug and/or gene therapy. Therefore, lipid carrier systems for targeted drug and gene delivery must be developed for the rational therapy. In this review, we shall focus on the progress of research into lipid carrier systems for drug and gene delivery following systemic or local injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Hashida
- Department of Drug Delivery Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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Tanaka T, Fujishima Y, Hanano S, Kaneo Y. Intracellular disposition of polysaccharides in rat liver parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells. Int J Pharm 2004; 286:9-17. [PMID: 15500998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2004] [Revised: 07/03/2004] [Accepted: 07/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Binding and internalization of arabinogalactan, pullulan, dextran, and mannan were examined in rat liver parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells using 125I or fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeled polysaccharides. Binding and uptake of arabinogalactan and pullulan into parenchymal cells was inhibited by asialofetuin, indicating that the asialoglycoprotein receptor is involved in the intracellular disposition of arabinogalactan and pullulan. Uptake of 125I-labeled dextran to parenchymal cells was unchanged upon addition of excess unlabeled dextran, suggesting that dextran uptake occurs via fluid phase endocytosis. Of the polysaccharides tested, mannan showed the strongest specific association with liver nonparenchymal cells. FITC-labeled polysaccharides showed arabinogalactan and pullulan are internalized to liver parenchymal cells, whereas mannan is internalized to nonparenchymal cells. This study demonstrates that intracellular disposition of polysaccharides in the liver occurs via receptor-mediated endocytosis (RME), indicating that RME plays a role in the biodisposition of these polysaccharides as drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuro Tanaka
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuyama University, Sanzo, Ichi-banchi, Gakuen-cho, Fukuyama 729-0292, Japan.
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