1
|
Zboińska M, Janeczko A, Kabała K. Involvement of NO in V-ATPase Regulation in Cucumber Roots under Control and Cadmium Stress Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2884. [PMID: 37571036 PMCID: PMC10420687 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that participates in plant adaptation to adverse environmental factors. This study aimed to clarify the role of NO in the regulation of vacuolar H+-ATPase (V-ATPase) in the roots of cucumber seedlings grown under control and Cd stress conditions. In addition, the relationship between NO and salicylic acid (SA), as well as their interrelations with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), have been verified. The effect of NO on V-ATPase was studied by analyzing two enzyme activities, the expression level of selected VHA genes and the protein level of selected VHA subunits in plants treated with a NO donor (sodium nitroprusside, SNP) and NO biosynthesis inhibitors (tungstate, WO42- and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, L-NAME). Our results indicate that NO functions as a positive regulator of V-ATPase and that this regulation depends on NO generated by nitrate reductase and NOS-like activity. It was found that the mechanism of NO action is not related to changes in the gene expression or protein level of the V-ATPase subunits. The results suggest that in cucumber roots, NO signaling interacts with the SA pathway and, to a lesser extent, with two other known V-ATPase regulators, H2O2 and H2S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zboińska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Janeczko
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Kabała
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wrocław, Kanonia 6/8, 50-328 Wrocław, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Salinity-Induced Cytosolic Alkaline Shifts in Arabidopsis Roots Require the SOS Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043549. [PMID: 36834961 PMCID: PMC9960406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants have evolved elaborate mechanisms to sense, respond to and overcome the detrimental effects of high soil salinity. The role of calcium transients in salinity stress signaling is well established, but the physiological significance of concurrent salinity-induced changes in cytosolic pH remains largely undefined. Here, we analyzed the response of Arabidopsis roots expressing the genetically encoded ratiometric pH-sensor pHGFP fused to marker proteins for the recruitment of the sensor to the cytosolic side of the tonoplast (pHGFP-VTI11) and the plasma membrane (pHGFP-LTI6b). Salinity elicited a rapid alkalinization of cytosolic pH (pHcyt) in the meristematic and elongation zone of wild-type roots. The pH-shift near the plasma membrane preceded that at the tonoplast. In pH-maps transversal to the root axis, the epidermis and cortex had cells with a more alkaline pHcyt relative to cells in the stele in control conditions. Conversely, seedlings treated with 100 mM NaCl exhibited an increased pHcyt in cells of the vasculature relative to the external layers of the root, and this response occurred in both reporter lines. These pHcyt changes were substantially reduced in mutant roots lacking a functional SOS3/CBL4 protein, suggesting that the operation of the SOS pathway mediated the dynamics of pHcyt in response to salinity.
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu Q, Zhou X, Liu R, Shi G, Zheng N, Gao G, Wang Y. Impacts of a bacterial algicide on metabolic pathways in Chlorella vulgaris. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 249:114451. [PMID: 38321670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Chlorella is a dominant species during harmful algal blooms (HABs) worldwide, which bring about great environmental problems and are also a serious threat to drinking water safety. Application of bacterial algicides is a promising way to control HABs. However, the identified bacterial algicides against Chlorella and the understanding of their effects on algal metabolism are very limited. Here, we isolated a novel bacterium Microbacterium paraoxydans strain M1 that has significant algicidal activities against Chlorella vulgaris (algicidal rate 64.38 %, at 120 h). Atrazine-desethyl (AD) was then identified from strain M1 as an effective bacterial algicide, with inhibition or algae-lysing concentration values (EC50) of 1.64 μg/mL and 1.38 μg/mL, at 72 h and 120 h, respectively. LAD (2 μg/mL AD) or HAD (20 μg/mL AD) causes morphology alteration and ultrastructure damage, chlorophyll a reduction, gene expression regulation (for example, psbA, 0.05 fold at 24 h, 2.97 fold at 72 h, and 0.23 fold of the control in HAD), oxidative stress, lipid oxidation (MDA, 2.09 and 3.08 fold of the control in LAD and HAD, respectively, at 120 h) and DNA damage (average percentage of tail DNA 6.23 % at 120 h in HAD, slight damage: 5∼20 %) in the algal cells. The impacts of AD on algal metabolites and metabolic pathways, as well as the algal response to the adverse effects were investigated. The results revealed that amino acids, amines, glycosides and urea decreased significantly compared to the control after 24 h exposure to AD (p < 0.05). The main up-regulated metabolic pathways implied metabonomic resistance and defense against osmotic pressure, oxidative stress, photosynthesis inhibition or partial cellular structure damage, such as phenylalanine metabolism, arginine biosynthesis. The down-regulated glycine, serine and threonine metabolism is a major lead in the algicidal mechanism according to the value of pathway impact. The down-regulated glycine, and serine are responsible for the downregulation of glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, and sulfur metabolism, which strengthen the algae-lysing effect. It is the first time to highlight the pivotal role of glycine, serine and threonine metabolism in algicidal activities, which provided a new perspective for understanding the mechanism of bacterial algicides exerting on algal cells at the metabolic level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Lu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300371, China
| | - Xinzhu Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300371, China
| | - Ruidan Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300371, China
| | - Guojing Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300371, China
| | - Ningning Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300371, China
| | - Guanghai Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300371, China; State key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, China.
| | - Yingying Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300371, China; Nankai International Advanced Research Institute (Shenzhen Futian), Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cold-Induced Physiological and Biochemical Alternations and Proteomic Insight into the Response of Saccharum spontaneum to Low Temperature. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214244. [PMID: 36430736 PMCID: PMC9692960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane, a cash crop, is easily affected by low temperature, which results in a decrease in yield and sugar production. Breeding a new variety with cold tolerance is an essential strategy to reduce loss from cold stress. The identification of germplasms and genes/proteins with cold tolerance is a vital step in breeding sugarcane varieties with cold tolerance via a conventional program and molecular technology. In this study, the physiological and biochemical indices of 22 genotypes of S. spontaneum were measured, and the membership function analysis method was used to comprehensively evaluate the cold tolerance ability of these genotypes. The physiological and biochemical indices of these S. spontaneum genotypes showed a sophisticated response to low temperature. On the basis of the physiological and chemical indices, the genotypes were classified into different cold tolerance groups. Then, the high-tolerance genotype 1027 and the low-tolerance genotype 3217 were selected for DIA-based proteomic analysis by subjecting them to low temperature. From the four comparison groups, 1123, 1341, 751, and 1693 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified, respectively. The DAPs based on genotypes or treatments participated in distinct metabolic pathways. Through detailed analysis of the DAPs, some proteins related to protein homeostasis, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, signal transduction, and the cytoskeleton may be involved in sugarcane tolerance to cold stress. Furthermore, five important proteins related to cold tolerance were discovered for the first time in this study. This work not only provides the germplasms and candidate target proteins for breeding sugarcane varieties with cold tolerance via a conventional program and molecular breeding, but also helps to accelerate the determination of the molecular mechanism underlying cold tolerance in sugarcane.
Collapse
|
5
|
Seidel T. The Plant V-ATPase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:931777. [PMID: 35845650 PMCID: PMC9280200 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.931777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
V-ATPase is the dominant proton pump in plant cells. It contributes to cytosolic pH homeostasis and energizes transport processes across endomembranes of the secretory pathway. Its localization in the trans Golgi network/early endosomes is essential for vesicle transport, for instance for the delivery of cell wall components. Furthermore, it is crucial for response to abiotic and biotic stresses. The V-ATPase's rather complex structure and multiple subunit isoforms enable high structural flexibility with respect to requirements for different organs, developmental stages, and organelles. This complexity further demands a sophisticated assembly machinery and transport routes in cells, a process that is still not fully understood. Regulation of V-ATPase is a target of phosphorylation and redox-modifications but also involves interactions with regulatory proteins like 14-3-3 proteins and the lipid environment. Regulation by reversible assembly, as reported for yeast and the mammalian enzyme, has not be proven in plants but seems to be absent in autotrophic cells. Addressing the regulation of V-ATPase is a promising approach to adjust its activity for improved stress resistance or higher crop yield.
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang C, Xiang Y, Qian D. Current progress in plant V-ATPase: From biochemical properties to physiological functions. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 266:153525. [PMID: 34560396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar-type adenosine triphosphatase (V-ATPase, VHA) is a highly conserved, ATP-driven multisubunit proton pump that is widely distributed in all eukaryotic cells. V-ATPase consists of two domains formed by at least 13 different subunits, the membrane peripheral V1 domain responsible for ATP hydrolysis, and the membrane-integral V0 domain responsible for proton translocation. V-ATPase plays an essential role in energizing secondary active transport and is indispensable to plants. In addition to multiple stress responses, plant V-ATPase is also implicated in physiological processes such as growth, development, and morphogenesis. Based on the identification of distinct V-ATPase mutants and advances in luminal pH measurements in vivo, it has been revealed that this holoenzyme complex plays a pivotal role in pH homeostasis of the plant endomembrane system and endocytic and secretory trafficking. Here, we review recent progress in comprehending the biochemical properties and physiological functions of plant V-ATPase and explore the topics that require further elucidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yun Xiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Dong Qian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cosse M, Seidel T. Plant Proton Pumps and Cytosolic pH-Homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:672873. [PMID: 34177988 PMCID: PMC8220075 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.672873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Proton pumps create a proton motif force and thus, energize secondary active transport at the plasma nmembrane and endomembranes of the secretory pathway. In the plant cell, the dominant proton pumps are the plasma membrane ATPase, the vacuolar pyrophosphatase (V-PPase), and the vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase). All these pumps act on the cytosolic pH by pumping protons into the lumen of compartments or into the apoplast. To maintain the typical pH and thus, the functionality of the cytosol, the activity of the pumps needs to be coordinated and adjusted to the actual needs. The cellular toolbox for a coordinated regulation comprises 14-3-3 proteins, phosphorylation events, ion concentrations, and redox-conditions. This review combines the knowledge on regulation of the different proton pumps and highlights possible coordination mechanisms.
Collapse
|
8
|
Kabała K, Zboińska M, Głowiak D, Reda M, Jakubowska D, Janicka M. Interaction between the signaling molecules hydrogen sulfide and hydrogen peroxide and their role in vacuolar H + -ATPase regulation in cadmium-stressed cucumber roots. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 166:688-704. [PMID: 30120777 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase; EC 3.6.3.14) is the main enzyme responsible for generating a proton gradient across the tonoplast. Under cadmium (Cd) stress conditions, V-ATPase activity is inhibited. In the present work, hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) cross-talk was analyzed in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings exposed to Cd to explain the role of both signaling molecules in the control of V-ATPase. V-ATPase activity and gene expression as well as H2 S and H2 O2 content and endogenous production were determined in roots of plants treated with 100 μM CdCl2 and different inhibitors or scavengers. It was found that H2 S donor improved photosynthetic parameters in Cd-stressed cucumber seedlings. Cd-induced stimulation of H2 S level was correlated with the increased activities of the H2 S-generating desulfhydrases. Increased H2 O2 and lowered H2 S contents in roots were able to reduce V-ATPase activities similar to Cd. H2 O2 and H2 S-induced modulations in V-ATPase activities were not closely related to the transcript level of encoding genes, suggesting posttranslational modifications of enzyme protein. On the other hand, exogenous H2 O2 raised H2 S content in root tissues independently from the desulfhydrase activity. Although treatment of control plants with H2 S significantly stimulated NADPH oxidase activity and gene expression, H2 S did not affect H2 O2 accumulation in roots exposed to Cd. The results suggest the existence of two pathways of H2 S generation in Cd-stressed cucumber roots. One involves desulfhydrase activity, as was previously demonstrated in different plant species. The other, the desulfhydrase-independent pathway induced by H2 O2 /NADPH oxidase, may protect V-ATPase from inhibition by Cd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kabała
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zboińska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dorota Głowiak
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Reda
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jakubowska
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Janicka
- Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, Institute of Experimental Biology, University of Wrocław, 50-328, Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Spatio-Temporal Transcriptional Dynamics of Maize Long Non-Coding RNAs Responsive to Drought Stress. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020138. [PMID: 30781862 PMCID: PMC6410058 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as important regulators in plant stress response. Here, we report a genome-wide lncRNA transcriptional analysis in response to drought stress using an expanded series of maize samples collected from three distinct tissues spanning four developmental stages. In total, 3488 high-confidence lncRNAs were identified, among which 1535 were characterized as drought responsive. By characterizing the genomic structure and expression pattern, we found that lncRNA structures were less complex than protein-coding genes, showing shorter transcripts and fewer exons. Moreover, drought-responsive lncRNAs exhibited higher tissue- and development-specificity than protein-coding genes. By exploring the temporal expression patterns of drought-responsive lncRNAs at different developmental stages, we discovered that the reproductive stage R1 was the most sensitive growth stage with more lncRNAs showing altered expression upon drought stress. Furthermore, lncRNA target prediction revealed 653 potential lncRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) pairs, among which 124 pairs function in cis-acting mode and 529 in trans. Functional enrichment analysis showed that the targets were significantly enriched in molecular functions related to oxidoreductase activity, water binding, and electron carrier activity. Multiple promising targets of drought-responsive lncRNAs were discovered, including the V-ATPase encoding gene, vpp4. These findings extend our knowledge of lncRNAs as important regulators in maize drought response.
Collapse
|
10
|
Keith BK, Burns EE, Bothner B, Carey CC, Mazurie AJ, Hilmer JK, Biyiklioglu S, Budak H, Dyer WE. Intensive herbicide use has selected for constitutively elevated levels of stress-responsive mRNAs and proteins in multiple herbicide-resistant Avena fatua L. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2017; 73:2267-2281. [PMID: 28485049 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive use of herbicides has led to the evolution of two multiple herbicide-resistant (MHR) Avena fatua (wild oat) populations in Montana that are resistant to members of all selective herbicide families available for A. fatua control in US small grain crops. We used transcriptome and proteome surveys to compare constitutive changes in MHR and herbicide-susceptible (HS) plants associated with non-target site resistance. RESULTS Compared to HS plants, MHR plants contained constitutively elevated levels of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with functions in xenobiotic catabolism, stress response, redox maintenance and transcriptional regulation that are similar to abiotic stress-tolerant phenotypes. Proteome comparisons identified similarly elevated proteins including biosynthetic and multifunctional enzymes in MHR plants. Of 25 DEGs validated by RT-qPCR assay, differential regulation of 21 co-segregated with flucarbazone-sodium herbicide resistance in F3 families, and a subset of 10 of these were induced or repressed in herbicide-treated HS plants. CONCLUSION Although the individual and collective contributions of these DEGs and proteins to MHR remain to be determined, our results support the idea that intensive herbicide use has selected for MHR populations with altered, constitutively regulated patterns of gene expression that are similar to those in abiotic stress-tolerant plants. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K Keith
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Erin E Burns
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Research, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Charles C Carey
- Research Cyberinfrastructure, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Aurélien J Mazurie
- Research Cyberinfrastructure, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Jonathan K Hilmer
- Information Technology Center, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Sezgi Biyiklioglu
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - William E Dyer
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vera-Estrella R, Gómez-Méndez MF, Amezcua-Romero JC, Barkla BJ, Rosas-Santiago P, Pantoja O. Cadmium and zinc activate adaptive mechanisms in Nicotiana tabacum similar to those observed in metal tolerant plants. PLANTA 2017; 246:433-451. [PMID: 28455771 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2700-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Tobacco germinated and grew in the presence of high concentrations of cadmium and zinc without toxic symptoms. Evidence suggests that these ions are sequestered into the vacuole by heavy metal/H + exchanger mechanisms. Heavy metal hyperaccumulation and hypertolerance are traits shared by a small set of plants which show specialized physiological and molecular adaptations allowing them to accumulate and sequester toxic metal ions. Nicotiana tabacum was used to test its potential as a metal-accumulator in a glass house experiment. Seed germination was not affected in the presence of increasing concentrations of zinc and cadmium. Juvenile and adult plants could concentrate CdCl2 and ZnSO4 to levels exceeding those in the hydroponic growth medium and maintained or increased their leaf dry weight when treated with 0.5- or 1-mM CdCl2 or 1-mM ZnSO4 for 5 days. Accumulation of heavy metals did not affect the chlorophyll and carotenoid levels, while variable effects were observed in cell sap osmolarity. Heavy metal-dependent H+ transport across the vacuole membrane was monitored using quinacrine fluorescence quenching. Cadmium- or zinc-dependent fluorescence recovery revealed that increasing concentrations of heavy metals stimulated the activities of the tonoplast Cd2+ or Zn2+/H+ exchangers. Immunodetection of the V-ATPase subunits showed that the increased proton transport by zinc was not due to changes in protein amount. MTP1 and MTP4 immunodetection and semiquantitative RT-PCR of NtMTP1, NtNRAMP1, and NtZIP1 helped to identify the genes that are likely involved in sequestration of cadmium and zinc in the leaf and root tissue. Finally, we demonstrated that cadmium and zinc treatments induced an accumulation of zinc in leaf tissues. This study shows that N. tabacum possesses a hyperaccumulation response, and thus could be used for phytoremediation purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Vera-Estrella
- Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, A.P. 510-3, Colonia Miraval, 62250, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - María F Gómez-Méndez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, A.P. 510-3, Colonia Miraval, 62250, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Julio C Amezcua-Romero
- Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, A.P. 510-3, Colonia Miraval, 62250, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Unidad León, UNAM, Blvd. UNAM 2011, Comunidad de los Tepetates, 37684, León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Bronwyn J Barkla
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, 2480, Australia
| | - Paul Rosas-Santiago
- Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, A.P. 510-3, Colonia Miraval, 62250, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Omar Pantoja
- Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, A.P. 510-3, Colonia Miraval, 62250, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Christou A, Antoniou C, Christodoulou C, Hapeshi E, Stavrou I, Michael C, Fatta-Kassinos D, Fotopoulos V. Stress-related phenomena and detoxification mechanisms induced by common pharmaceuticals in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 557-558:652-664. [PMID: 27037887 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) have been recently shown to exert phytotoxic effects. The present study explores the uptake, systemic translocation, and abiotic stress responses and detoxification mechanisms induced by the exposure of alfalfa plants grown in sand under greenhouse conditions to four common, individually applied PhACs (10μgL(-1)) (diclofenac, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, 17a-ethinylestradiol) and their mixture. Stress physiology markers (lipid peroxidation, proline, H2O2 and NO content, antioxidant activity assays) and gene expression levels of key plant detoxification components (including glutathione S-transferases, GST7, GST17; superoxide dismutases, CuZnSOD, FeSOD; proton pump, H(+)-ATP, and cytochrome c oxidase, CytcOx), were evaluated. PhACs were detected in significantly higher concentrations in roots compared with leaves. Stress related effects, manifested via membrane lipid peroxidation and oxidative burst, were local (roots) rather than systemic (leaves), and exacerbated when the tested PhACs were applied in mixture. Systemic accumulation of H2O2 in leaves suggests its involvement in signal transduction and detoxification responses. Increased antioxidant enzymatic activities, as well as upregulated transcript levels of GST7, GST17, H(+)-ATPase and CytcOx, propose their role in the detoxification of the selected PhACs in plants. The current findings provide novel biochemical and molecular evidence highlighting the studied PhACs as an emerging abiotic stress factor, and point the need for further research on wastewater flows under natural agricultural environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chrystalla Antoniou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Charalampia Christodoulou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Evroula Hapeshi
- NIREAS-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Ioannis Stavrou
- NIREAS-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Costas Michael
- NIREAS-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Despo Fatta-Kassinos
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus; NIREAS-International Water Research Center, University of Cyprus, P.O. Box 20537, 1678 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3603 Lemesos, Cyprus.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sun X, Qi W, Yue Y, Ling H, Wang G, Song R. Maize ZmVPP5 is a truncated Vacuole H(+) -PPase that confers hypersensitivity to salt stress. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2016; 58:518-528. [PMID: 26728417 PMCID: PMC5071666 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In plants, Vacuole H(+) -PPases (VPPs) are important proton pumps and encoded by multiple genes. In addition to full-length VPPs, several truncated forms are expressed, but their biological functions are unknown. In this study, we functionally characterized maize vacuole H(+) -PPase 5 (ZmVPP5), a truncated VPP in the maize genome. Although ZmVPP5 shares high sequence similarity with ZmVPP1, ZmVPP5 lacks the complete structure of the conserved proton transport and the inorganic pyrophosphatase-related domain. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that ZmVPP5 might be derived from an incomplete gene duplication event. ZmVPP5 is expressed in multiple tissues, and ZmVPP5 was detected in the plasma membrane, vacuole membrane and nuclei of maize cells. The overexpression of ZmVPP5 in yeast cells caused a hypersensitivity to salt stress. Transgenic maize lines with overexpressed ZmVPP5 also exhibited the salt hypersensitivity phenotype. A yeast two-hybrid analysis identified the ZmBag6-like protein as a putative ZmVPP5-interacting protein. The results of bimolecular luminescence complementation (BiLC) assay suggest an interaction between ZmBag6-like protein and ZmVPP5 in vivo. Overall, this study suggests that ZmVPP5 might act as a VPP antagonist and participate in the cellular response to salt stress. Our study of ZmVPP5 has expanded the understanding of the origin and functions of truncated forms of plant VPPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Sun
- Shanghai key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Weiwei Qi
- Shanghai key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center(CBRC), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yihong Yue
- Shanghai key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huiling Ling
- Shanghai key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Shanghai key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center(CBRC), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Rentao Song
- Shanghai key Laboratory of Bio-Energy Crops, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
- Coordinated Crop Biology Research Center(CBRC), Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sharma SS, Dietz KJ, Mimura T. Vacuolar compartmentalization as indispensable component of heavy metal detoxification in plants. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2016; 39:1112-26. [PMID: 26729300 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells orchestrate an array of molecular mechanisms for maintaining plasmatic concentrations of essential heavy metal (HM) ions, for example, iron, zinc and copper, within the optimal functional range. In parallel, concentrations of non-essential HMs and metalloids, for example, cadmium, mercury and arsenic, should be kept below their toxicity threshold levels. Vacuolar compartmentalization is central to HM homeostasis. It depends on two vacuolar pumps (V-ATPase and V-PPase) and a set of tonoplast transporters, which are directly driven by proton motive force, and primary ATP-dependent pumps. While HM non-hyperaccumulator plants largely sequester toxic HMs in root vacuoles, HM hyperaccumulators usually sequester them in leaf cell vacuoles following efficient long-distance translocation. The distinct strategies evolved as a consequence of organ-specific differences particularly in vacuolar transporters and in addition to distinct features in long-distance transport. Recent molecular and functional characterization of tonoplast HM transporters has advanced our understanding of their contribution to HM homeostasis, tolerance and hyperaccumulation. Another important part of the dynamic vacuolar sequestration syndrome involves enhanced vacuolation. It involves vesicular trafficking in HM detoxification. The present review provides an updated account of molecular aspects that contribute to the vacuolar compartmentalization of HMs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shanti S Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla, 171005, India
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Department of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, Faculty of Biology, University of Bielefeld, D-33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Tetsuro Mimura
- Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Siek M, Marg B, M. Ehring C, Kirasi D, Liebthal M, Seidel T. Interplay of vacuolar transporters for coupling primary and secondary active transport. AIMS BIOPHYSICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3934/biophy.2016.4.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
|
16
|
King GJ. Crop epigenetics and the molecular hardware of genotype × environment interactions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:968. [PMID: 26594221 PMCID: PMC4635209 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Crop plants encounter thermal environments which fluctuate on a diurnal and seasonal basis. Future climate resilient cultivars will need to respond to thermal profiles reflecting more variable conditions, and harness plasticity that involves regulation of epigenetic processes and complex genomic regulatory networks. Compartmentalization within plant cells insulates the genomic central processing unit within the interphase nucleus. This review addresses the properties of the chromatin hardware in which the genome is embedded, focusing on the biophysical and thermodynamic properties of DNA, histones and nucleosomes. It explores the consequences of thermal and ionic variation on the biophysical behavior of epigenetic marks such as DNA cytosine methylation (5mC), and histone variants such as H2A.Z, and how these contribute to maintenance of chromatin integrity in the nucleus, while enabling specific subsets of genes to be regulated. Information is drawn from theoretical molecular in vitro studies as well as model and crop plants and incorporates recent insights into the role epigenetic processes play in mediating between environmental signals and genomic regulation. A preliminary speculative framework is outlined, based on the evidence of what appears to be a cohesive set of interactions at molecular, biophysical and electrostatic level between the various components contributing to chromatin conformation and dynamics. It proposes that within plant nuclei, general and localized ionic homeostasis plays an important role in maintaining chromatin conformation, whilst maintaining complex genomic regulation that involves specific patterns of epigenetic marks. More generally, reversible changes in DNA methylation appear to be consistent with the ability of nuclear chromatin to manage variation in external ionic and temperature environment. Whilst tentative, this framework provides scope to develop experimental approaches to understand in greater detail the internal environment of plant nuclei. It is hoped that this will generate a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying genotype × environment interactions that may be beneficial for long-term improvement of crop performance in less predictable climates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham J. King
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
- National Key Laboratory for Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Crops for the Future, Biotechnology and Breeding Systems, Semenyih, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
Lysosomes play important roles in autophagy, not only in autophagosome degradation, but also in autophagy initiation. In Trypanosoma brucei, an early divergent protozoan parasite, we discovered a previously unappreciated function of the acidocalcisome, a lysosome-related organelle characterized by acidic pH and large content of Ca(2+) and polyphosphates, in autophagy regulation. Starvation- and chemical-induced autophagy is accompanied with acidocalcisome acidification, and blocking the acidification completely inhibits autophagosome formation. Blocking acidocalcisome biogenesis by depleting the adaptor protein-3 complex, which does not affect lysosome biogenesis or function, also inhibits autophagy. Overall, our results support the role of the acidocalcisome, a conserved organelle from bacteria to human, as a relevant regulator in autophagy.
Collapse
Key Words
- AO, acridine orange
- AP-3, adaptor protein-3
- ATG, autophagy-related
- BODIPY-CQ, BODIPY-chloroquine
- BafA1, bafilomycin A1
- CQ, chloroquine
- DAPI, 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- MTORC1, mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1
- PPi, pyrophosphate
- PtdIns3K, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
- PtdIns3P, phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate
- RNAi, RNA interference
- T. brucei, Trypanosoma brucei
- TOR, target of rapamycin
- TbVMA1, the subunit A of V-H+-ATPase in Trypanosoma brucei
- TbVP1, vacuolar pyrophosphatase in Trypanosoma brucei
- TbVPH1, the α, subunit of V-H+-ATPase in Trypanosoma brucei
- Tbβ3, the β3 subunit of adaptor protein-3 complex in Trypanosoma brucei
- Tbδ, the δ, subunit of adaptor protein-3 complex in Trypanosoma brucei
- Trypanosoma brucei
- V-H+-ATPase, vacuolar-type H+-ATPase
- V-PPase, vacuolar pyrophophatase
- acidity
- acidocalcisome
- autophagy
- coumarin-CQ, coumarin-chloroquine
- lysosome-related organelle
- polyP, polyphosphate
- protozoan parasite
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jun Li
- a Department of Biological Sciences ; National University of Singapore ; Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Appelhagen I, Nordholt N, Seidel T, Spelt K, Koes R, Quattrochio F, Sagasser M, Weisshaar B. TRANSPARENT TESTA 13 is a tonoplast P3A -ATPase required for vacuolar deposition of proanthocyanidins in Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 82:840-9. [PMID: 25891958 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular pH homeostasis is essential for all living cells. In plants, pH is usually maintained by three structurally distinct and differentially localized types of proton pump: P-type H(+) -ATPases in the plasma membrane, and multimeric vacuolar-type H(+) -ATPases (V-ATPases) and vacuolar H(+) -pyrophosphatases (H(+) -PPases) in endomembranes. Here, we show that reduced accumulation of proanthocyanidins (PAs) and hence the diminished brown seed coloration found in the Arabidopsis thaliana mutant transparent testa 13 (tt13) is caused by disruption of the gene encoding the P3A -ATPase AHA10. Identification of the gene encoded by the tt13 locus completes the molecular characterization of the classical set of transparent testa mutants. Cells of the tt13 seed coat endothelium do not contain PA-filled central vacuoles as observed in the wild-type. tt13 phenocopies tt12, a mutant that is defective in vacuolar import of the PA precursor epicatechin. Our data show that vacuolar loading with PA precursors depends on TT13. Consistent with the tt13 phenotype, but in contrast to other isoforms of P-type H(+) -ATPases, TT13 localizes to the tonoplast. PA accumulation in tt13 is partially restored by expression of the tonoplast localized H(+) -PPase VHP1. Our findings indicate that the P3A -ATPase TT13 functions as a proton pump in the tonoplast of seed coat endothelium cells, and generates the driving force for TT12-mediated transport of PA precursors to the vacuole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingo Appelhagen
- Genome Research, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Niclas Nordholt
- Genome Research, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Thorsten Seidel
- Dynamic Cell Imaging, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33501, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Kees Spelt
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, VU University, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Koes
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, VU University, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Quattrochio
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, VU University, de Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Sagasser
- Genome Research, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Bernd Weisshaar
- Genome Research, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 27, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Large dsDNA chloroviruses encode diverse membrane transport proteins. Virology 2015; 479-480:38-45. [PMID: 25766639 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2015.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Many large DNA viruses that infect certain isolates of chlorella-like green algae (chloroviruses) are unusual because they often encode a diverse set of membrane transport proteins, including functional K(+) channels and aquaglyceroporins as well as K(+) transporters and calcium transporting ATPases. Some chloroviruses also encode putative ligand-gated-like channel proteins. No one protein is present in all of the chloroviruses that have been sequenced, but the K(+) channel is the most common as only two chloroviruses have been isolated that lack this complete protein. This review describes the properties of these membrane-transporting proteins and suggests possible physiological functions and evolutionary histories for some of them.
Collapse
|