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Zhang Y, Gao H, Fang J, Wang H, Chen J, Li J, Dong L. Up-regulation of bZIP88 transcription factor is involved in resistance to three different herbicides in both Echinochloa crus-galli and E. glabrescens. J Exp Bot 2022; 73:6916-6930. [PMID: 35867472 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The resistance of weeds to herbicides poses a major threat to agricultural production, and non-target-site resistance (NTSR) is often a serious problem as its mechanisms can in some cases confer resistance to herbicides with different modes of action. In this study, we hypothesized that bZIP transcription factors (TFs), which regulate abiotic stress responses in many plants, play a regulatory role in NTSR. Whole-plant assays indicated that the wild grasses Echinochloa crus-galli and E. glabrescens are resistant to the herbicides penoxsulam, cyhalofop-butyl, and quintrione. Transcriptome sequencing then identified 101 and 49 bZIP TFs with differential expression following penoxsulam treatment in E. crus-galli and E. glabrescens, respectively. Twelve of these genes had >60% homology with rice genes. The expression of bZIP88 was considerably up-regulated 6 h after treatment with the three different herbicides, and it was similar between resistant and susceptible populations; however, the relative expression levels before herbicide treatment and 24 h after were the same. We used rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv Nipponbare) as a model system for functional validation and found that CRISPR-Cas9-knockout of the rice bZIP88 ortholog increased the sensitivity to herbicide, whereas overexpression reduced it. The OsbZIP88 protein was localized to the nucleus. Using ChIP coupled with high-throughput sequencing, OsbZIP88 was found to form a network regulatory center with other TFs such as bZIP20/52/59 to regulate OsKS1, OsCOE1, and OsIM1, which are related to auxin, abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, and gibberellic acid. Based on these results, we have established a database of bZIP TFs corresponding to herbicide stress, and resolved the mechanisms of the positive regulation of herbicide resistance by bZIP88, thereby providing new insights for NTSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhua Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Haitao Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jiapeng Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jinyi Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Liyao Dong
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests (Nanjing Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, China
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Scarabel L, Panozzo S, Loddo D, Mathiassen SK, Kristensen M, Kudsk P, Gitsopoulos T, Travlos I, Tani E, Chachalis D, Sattin M. Diversified Resistance Mechanisms in Multi-Resistant Lolium spp. in Three European Countries. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:608845. [PMID: 33384707 PMCID: PMC7769757 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.608845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Annual ryegrass species (Lolium spp.) infest cereal crops worldwide. Ryegrass populations with multiple resistance to the acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) and acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors are an increasing problem in several European countries. We investigated the resistance pattern and level of resistance in ryegrass populations collected in Denmark, Greece and Italy and studied the diversity of mechanisms endowing resistance, both target-site and metabolism based. All populations showed high resistance indexes (RI) to the ALS inhibitors, iodosufuron-methyl-sodium + mesosulfuron-methyl (RI from 8 to 70), whereas the responses to the two ACCase inhibitors, clodinafop-propargyl and pinoxaden, differed. The Greek and Italian populations were moderately to highly resistant to clodinafop (RI > 8) and showed low to moderate resistance to pinoxaden (RI ranged from 3 to 13) except for one Italian population. In contrast, the Danish Lolium populations showed low to moderate resistance to clodinafop (RI ranged from 2 to 7) and only one population was resistant to pinoxaden. Different mutant ACCase alleles (Leu1781, Cys2027, Asn2041, Val2041, Gly2078, Arg2088, Ala2096) and ALS alleles (Gly122, Ala197, Gln197, Leu197, Ser197, Thr197, Val205, Asn376, Glu376, Leu574) endowing resistance were detected in the Greek and Italian populations. In several plants, no mutated ALS and ACCase alleles were found showing a great heterogeneity within and among the Greek and Italian populations. Conversely, no mutant ACCase alleles were identified in the four Danish populations and only one mutant ALS allele (Leu574) was detected in two Danish populations. The expression level of nitronate monooxygenase (NMO), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and cytochrome P450s (CYP72A1 and CYP72A2) varied broadly among populations and individual plants within the populations. Constitutive up-regulation of GST, CYP72A1 and CYP72A2 was detected in resistant plants respect to susceptible plants in one Danish and one Italian population. It appears that the mechanisms underlying resistance are rather complex and diversified among Lolium spp. populations from the three countries, coevolution of both target-site resistance and metabolic based herbicide resistance appears to be a common feature in Denmark and Italy. This must be considered and carefully evaluated in adopting resistance management strategies to control Lolium spp. in cereal crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Scarabel
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), National Research Council of Italy, Padua, Italy
| | - Silvia Panozzo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), National Research Council of Italy, Padua, Italy
| | - Donato Loddo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), National Research Council of Italy, Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Per Kudsk
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Flakkebjerg, Denmark
| | - Thomas Gitsopoulos
- Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Demeter, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ilias Travlos
- Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Tani
- Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maurizio Sattin
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection (IPSP-CNR), National Research Council of Italy, Padua, Italy
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Kumar V, Liu R, Boyer G, Stahlman PW. Confirmation of 2,4-D resistance and identification of multiple resistance in a Kansas Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) population. Pest Manag Sci 2019; 75:2925-2933. [PMID: 30843341 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amaranthus palmeri S. Wats is among the most problematic annual broadleaf weed species in the USA, including in Kansas. In late summer 2015, seeds of an A. palmeri population (MHR) that had survived field-use rates of 2,4-D were collected from Barton County, KS, USA. The main objectives were to: (i) confirm and characterize 2,4-D resistance in a MHR population; (ii) characterize the resistance profile of the MHR population in relation to a multiple herbicide-susceptible (MHS) population to glyphosate, chlorsulfuron, atrazine, mesotrione, fomesafen; and (iii) determine the effectiveness of alternative POST burndown herbicides for controlling MHR population. RESULTS The MHR population had 3.2-fold resistance to 2,4-D. In addition, the MHR population also exhibited multiple resistance to glyphosate (11.8-fold), chlorsulfuron (5.0-fold), atrazine (14.4-fold), and mesotrione (13.4-fold). Furthermore, the MHR population also showed reduced sensitivity to fomesafen (2.3-fold). In a separate study, dicamba with glyphosate, atrazine or fluroxypyr + 2,4-D, and paraquat alone or with atrazine, metribuzin, saflufenacil or 2,4-D provided ≥ 99% injury to the MHR population. Similarly, saflufenacil alone or with atrazine, metribuzin or 2,4-D, and glufosinate alone or with glyphosate + 2,4-D, and glyphosate + dicamba, and a premix of bicyclopyrone + atrazine + mesotrione + S-metolachlor also effectively controlled the MHR population. CONCLUSION This research confirms the first global case of an A. palmeri population from Kansas with multiple resistance to 2,4-D, glyphosate, chlorsulfuron, atrazine and mesotrione, and reduced sensitivity to fomesafen. Dicamba, glufosinate, paraquat, and saflufenacil alone or in tank-mixtures with PRE herbicides effectively controlled this MHR population. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipan Kumar
- Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays, KS, USA
| | - Rui Liu
- Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays, KS, USA
| | - Grant Boyer
- Agricultural Research Center, Kansas State University, Hays, KS, USA
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Shergill LS, Bish MD, Jugulam M, Bradley KW. Molecular and physiological characterization of six-way resistance in an Amaranthus tuberculatus var. rudis biotype from Missouri. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:2688-2698. [PMID: 29797476 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research reported the first case of six-way herbicide resistance in a common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus var. rudis) biotype from Missouri, USA designated MO-Ren. This study investigated the mechanisms of multiple-resistance in the MO-Ren biotype to herbicides from six site-of-action (SOA) groups, i.e. synthetic auxins, 5-enolypyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS)-, protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO)-, acetolactate synthase (ALS)-, photosystem II (PSII)-, and 4-hydroxyphenyl-pyruvate-dioxygenase (HPPD)-inhibitors. RESULTS Genomic DNA sequencing confirmed the presence of known mutations associated with ALS- or PPO-inhibiting herbicide resistance: the Trp-574-Leu amino acid substitution in the ALS enzyme and the codon deletion corresponding to the ΔG210 in the PPX2 enzyme. No target-site point mutations associated with resistance to PSII- and EPSPS-inhibitors were detected. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) indicated that MO-Ren plants contained five-fold more copies of the EPSPS gene than susceptible plants. Malathion in combination with 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), mesotrione, and chlorimuron POST enhanced the activity of these herbicides indicating that metabolism due to cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity was involved in herbicide resistance. 4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan (NBD-Cl), a glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-inhibitor, in combination with atrazine did not reduce the biomass accumulation. Reduced absorption or translocation of 2,4-D did not contribute to resistance. However, the resistant biotype metabolized 2,4-D, seven- to nine-fold faster than the susceptible. CONCLUSION Target-site point mutations, gene amplification, and elevated rates of metabolism contribute to six-way resistance in the MO-Ren biotype, suggesting both target site and non-target site mechanisms contribute to multiple herbicide resistance in this Amaranthus tuberculatus biotype. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mandy D Bish
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Mithila Jugulam
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Kevin W Bradley
- Division of Plant Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Keith BK, Burns EE, Bothner B, Carey CC, Mazurie AJ, Hilmer JK, Biyiklioglu S, Budak H, Dyer WE. Intensive herbicide use has selected for constitutively elevated levels of stress-responsive mRNAs and proteins in multiple herbicide-resistant Avena fatua L. Pest Manag Sci 2017; 73:2267-2281. [PMID: 28485049 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intensive use of herbicides has led to the evolution of two multiple herbicide-resistant (MHR) Avena fatua (wild oat) populations in Montana that are resistant to members of all selective herbicide families available for A. fatua control in US small grain crops. We used transcriptome and proteome surveys to compare constitutive changes in MHR and herbicide-susceptible (HS) plants associated with non-target site resistance. RESULTS Compared to HS plants, MHR plants contained constitutively elevated levels of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with functions in xenobiotic catabolism, stress response, redox maintenance and transcriptional regulation that are similar to abiotic stress-tolerant phenotypes. Proteome comparisons identified similarly elevated proteins including biosynthetic and multifunctional enzymes in MHR plants. Of 25 DEGs validated by RT-qPCR assay, differential regulation of 21 co-segregated with flucarbazone-sodium herbicide resistance in F3 families, and a subset of 10 of these were induced or repressed in herbicide-treated HS plants. CONCLUSION Although the individual and collective contributions of these DEGs and proteins to MHR remain to be determined, our results support the idea that intensive herbicide use has selected for MHR populations with altered, constitutively regulated patterns of gene expression that are similar to those in abiotic stress-tolerant plants. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara K Keith
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Erin E Burns
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Brian Bothner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Research, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Charles C Carey
- Research Cyberinfrastructure, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Aurélien J Mazurie
- Research Cyberinfrastructure, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Jonathan K Hilmer
- Information Technology Center, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Sezgi Biyiklioglu
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Hikmet Budak
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - William E Dyer
- Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
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Tétard‐Jones C, Edwards R. Potential roles for microbial endophytes in herbicide tolerance in plants. Pest Manag Sci 2016; 72:203-9. [PMID: 26350619 PMCID: PMC4949542 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Herbicide tolerance in crops and weeds is considered to be monotrophic, i.e. determined by the relative susceptibility of the physiological process targeted and the plant's ability to metabolise and detoxify the agrochemical. A growing body of evidence now suggests that endophytes, microbes that inhabit plant tissues and provide a range of growth, health and defence enhancements, can contribute to other types of abiotic and biotic stress tolerance. The current evidence for herbicide tolerance being bitrophic, with both free-living and plant-associated endophytes contributing to tolerance in the host plant, has been reviewed. We propose that endophytes can directly contribute to herbicide detoxification through their ability to metabolise xenobiotics. In addition, we explore the paradigm that microbes can 'prime' resistance mechanisms in plants such that they enhance herbicide tolerance by inducing the host's stress responses to withstand the downstream toxicity caused by herbicides. This latter mechanism has the potential to contribute to the growth of non-target-site-based herbicide resistance in weeds. Microbial endophytes already contribute to herbicide detoxification in planta, and there is now significant scope to extend these interactions using synthetic biology approaches to engineer new chemical tolerance traits into crops via microbial engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Edwards
- School of Agriculture, Food and Rural DevelopmentNewcastle UniversityNewcastleUK
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Varanasi VK, Godar AS, Currie RS, Dille AJ, Thompson CR, Stahlman PW, Jugulam M. Field-evolved resistance to four modes of action of herbicides in a single kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) population. Pest Manag Sci 2015; 71:1207-12. [PMID: 25950428 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Revised: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolution of multiple herbicide resistance in weeds is a serious threat to weed management in crop production. Kochia is an economically important broadleaf weed in the U.S. Great Plains. This study aimed to confirm resistance to four sites of action of herbicides in a single kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) population from a crop field near Garden City (GC), Kansas, and further determine the underlying mechanisms of resistance. RESULTS One-fourth of the GC plants survived the labeled rate or higher of atrazine [photosystem II (PSII) inhibitor], and the surviving plants had the Ser-264 to Gly mutation in the psbA gene, the target site of atrazine. Results showed that 90% of GC plants survived the labeled rate of dicamba, a synthetic auxin. At least 87% of the plants survived up to 72 g a.i. ha(-1) of chlorsulfuron [acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor], and analysis of the ALS gene revealed the presence of Pro-197 to Thr and/or Trp-574 to Lue mutation(s). Most GC plants also survived the labeled rate of glyphosate [5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitor), and the resistant plants had 5-9 EPSPS gene copies (relative to the ALS gene). CONCLUSION We confirm the first case of evolution of resistance to four herbicide sites of action (PSII, ALS and EPSPS inhibitors and synthetic auxins) in a single kochia population, and target-site-based mechanisms confer resistance to atrazine, glyphosate and chlorsulfuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay K Varanasi
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Amar S Godar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - Randall S Currie
- Southwest Research and Extension Center, Kansas State University, Garden City, KS, USA
| | - Anita J Dille
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | | | - Phillip W Stahlman
- Agricultural Research Center - Hays, Kansas State University, Hays, KS, USA
| | - Mithila Jugulam
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
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