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Yan T, Weng F, Ming Y, Zhu S, Zhu M, Wang C, Guo C, Zhu K. Luminescence Probes in Bio-Applications: From Principle to Practice. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:333. [PMID: 39056609 PMCID: PMC11274413 DOI: 10.3390/bios14070333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Bioanalysis based on optical imaging has gained significant progress in the last few decades. Luminescence probes are capable of detecting, monitoring, and tracing particular biomolecules in complex biological systems to figure out the roles of these molecules in organisms. Considering the rapid development of luminescence probes for bio-applications and their promising future, we have attempted to explore the working principles and recent advances in bio-applications of luminescence probes, in the hope of helping readers gain a detailed understanding of luminescence probes developed in recent years. In this review, we first focus on the current widely used luminescence probes, including fluorescence probes, bioluminescence probes, chemiluminescence probes, afterglow probes, photoacoustic probes, and Cerenkov luminescence probes. The working principles for each type of luminescence probe are concisely described and the bio-application of the luminescence probes is summarized by category, including metal ions detection, secretion detection, imaging, and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.Y.); (F.W.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Changfa Guo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.Y.); (F.W.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (M.Z.)
| | - Kai Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; (T.Y.); (F.W.); (Y.M.); (S.Z.); (M.Z.)
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2
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Ran C, Pu K. Molecularly generated light and its biomedical applications. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314468. [PMID: 37955419 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecularly generated light, referred to here as "molecular light", mainly includes bioluminescence, chemiluminescence, and Cerenkov luminescence. Molecular light possesses unique dual features of being both a molecule and a source of light. Its molecular nature enables it to be delivered as molecules to regions deep within the body, overcoming the limitations of natural sunlight and physically generated light sources like lasers and LEDs. Simultaneously, its light properties make it valuable for applications such as imaging, photodynamic therapy, photo-oxidative therapy, and photobiomodulation. In this review article, we provide an updated overview of the diverse applications of molecular light and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of molecular light across various domains. Lastly, we present forward-looking perspectives on the potential of molecular light in the realms of molecular imaging, photobiological mechanisms, therapeutic applications, and photobiomodulation. While some of these perspectives may be considered bold and contentious, our intent is to inspire further innovations in the field of molecular light applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongzhao Ran
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 637459, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 308232, Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Boykoff N, Grimm J. Current clinical applications of Cerenkov luminescence for intraoperative molecular imaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-024-06602-3. [PMID: 38243119 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-024-06602-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is a new emerging technology that can be used for optical imaging of approved radiotracers, both in a preclinical, and even more recently, in a clinical context with rapid imaging times, low costs, and detection in real-time (Grootendorst et al. Clin Transl Imaging 4(5):353-66, 2016); Wang et al. Photonics 9(6):390, 2022). This brief review provides an overview of clinical applications of CLI with a focus on intraoperative margin assessment (IMA) to address shortcomings and provide insight for future work in this application. METHODS A literature review was performed using PubMed using the search words Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI), intraoperative margin assessment (IMA), and image-guided surgery. Articles were selected based on title, abstract, content, and application. RESULTS Original research was summarized to examine advantages and limitations of CLI compared to other modalities for IMA. The characteristics of Cerenkov luminescence (CL) are defined, and results from relevant clinical trials are discussed. Prospects of ongoing clinical trials are reviewed, along with technological advancements related to CLI. CONCLUSION CLI is a proven method for molecular imaging and shows feasibility for determining intraoperative margins if future work involves establishing quantitative approaches for attenuation and scattering, depth analysis, and radiation safety for CLI at a larger scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Boykoff
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, NY, 10031, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jan Grimm
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
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Fragoso Costa P, Shi K, Holm S, Vidal-Sicart S, Kracmerova T, Tosi G, Grimm J, Visvikis D, Knapp WH, Gnanasegaran G, van Leeuwen FWB. Surgical radioguidance with beta-emitting radionuclides; challenges and possibilities: A position paper by the EANM. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024:10.1007/s00259-023-06560-2. [PMID: 38189911 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Radioguidance that makes use of β-emitting radionuclides is gaining in popularity and could have potential to strengthen the range of existing radioguidance techniques. While there is a strong tendency to develop new PET radiotracers, due to favorable imaging characteristics and the success of theranostics research, there are practical challenges that need to be overcome when considering use of β-emitters for surgical radioguidance. In this position paper, the EANM identifies the possibilities and challenges that relate to the successful implementation of β-emitters in surgical guidance, covering aspects related to instrumentation, radiation protection, and modes of implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Fragoso Costa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, West German Cancer Center (WTZ), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
| | - Kuangyu Shi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Computer Aided Medical Procedures and Augmented Reality, Institute of Informatics I16, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Soren Holm
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sergi Vidal-Sicart
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tereza Kracmerova
- Department of Medical Physics, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Giovanni Tosi
- Department of Medical Physics, Ospedale U. Parini, Aosta, Italy
| | - Jan Grimm
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Wolfram H Knapp
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gopinath Gnanasegaran
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London Hospital, Tower 5, 235 Euston Road, London, NW1 2BU, UK
- Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, London, UK
| | - Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Collarino A, Florit A, Bizzarri N, Lanni V, Morganti S, De Summa M, Vizzielli G, Fanfani F, Mirabelli R, Ferrandina G, Scambia G, Rufini V, Faccini R, Collamati F. Radioguided surgery with β decay: A feasibility study in cervical cancer. Phys Med 2023; 113:102658. [PMID: 37603908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2023.102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Radioguided surgery (RGS) is a technique that helps the surgeon to achieve a tumour resection as complete as possible, by means of the intraoperative detection of particles emitted by a radiotracer that bounds to tumoural cells. This study aimed to investigate the applicability of β-RGS for tumour resection and margin assessment in cervical cancer patients preoperatively injected with [18F]FDG, by means of Monte Carlo simulations. METHODS Patients were retrospectively included if they had a recurrent or persistent cervical cancer, underwent preoperative PET/CT to exclude distant metastases and received radical surgery. All PET/CT images were analysed extracting tumour SUVmax, background SUVmean and tumour-to-non-tumour ratio. These values were used to obtain the expected count rate in a realistic surgical scenario by means of a Monte Carlo simulation of the β probe, assuming the injection of 2 MBq/kg of [18F]FDG 60 min before surgery. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were included. A measuring time of ∼2-3 s is expected to be sufficient for discriminating the tumour from background in a given lesion, being this the time the probe has to be over the sample in order to be able to discriminate tumour from healthy tissue with a sensitivity of ∼99% and a specificity of at least 95%. CONCLUSION This study presents the first step towards a possible application of our β-RGS technique in cervical cancer. Results suggest that this approach to β-RGS could help surgeons distinguish tumour margins from surrounding healthy tissue, even in a setting of high radiotracer background activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Collarino
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Anita Florit
- Section of Nuclear Medicine, University Department of Radiological Sciences and Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicolò Bizzarri
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Lanni
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvio Morganti
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Section of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco De Summa
- PET/CT Center, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vizzielli
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fanfani
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Mirabelli
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Section of Rome, Rome, Italy; Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy.
| | - Gabriella Ferrandina
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Rufini
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Section of Nuclear Medicine, University Department of Radiological Sciences and Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Faccini
- National Institute of Nuclear Physics (INFN), Section of Rome, Rome, Italy; Physics Department, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Bianfei S, Fang L, Zhongzheng X, Yuanyuan Z, Tian Y, Tao H, Jiachun M, Xiran W, Siting Y, Lei L. Application of Cherenkov radiation in tumor imaging and treatment. Future Oncol 2022; 18:3101-3118. [PMID: 36065976 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cherenkov radiation (CR) is the characteristic blue glow that is generated during radiotherapy or radioisotope decay. Its distribution and intensity naturally reflect the actual dose and field of radiotherapy and the location of radioisotope imaging agents in vivo. Therefore, CR can represent a potential in situ light source for radiotherapy monitoring and radioisotope-based tumor imaging. When used in combination with new imaging techniques, molecular probes or nanomedicine, CR imaging exhibits unique advantages (accuracy, low cost, convenience and fast) in tumor radiotherapy monitoring and imaging. Furthermore, photosensitive nanomaterials can be used for CR photodynamic therapy, providing new approaches for integrating tumor imaging and treatment. Here the authors review the latest developments in the use of CR in tumor research and discuss current challenges and new directions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao Bianfei
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Fang
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiang Zhongzheng
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeng Yuanyuan
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Tian
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Tao
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ma Jiachun
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Xiran
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Siting
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liu Lei
- Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Boekestijn I, van Oosterom MN, Dell'Oglio P, van Velden FHP, Pool M, Maurer T, Rietbergen DDD, Buckle T, van Leeuwen FWB. The current status and future prospects for molecular imaging-guided precision surgery. Cancer Imaging 2022; 22:48. [PMID: 36068619 PMCID: PMC9446692 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-022-00482-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging technologies are increasingly used to diagnose, monitor, and guide treatment of i.e., cancer. In this review, the current status and future prospects of the use of molecular imaging as an instrument to help realize precision surgery is addressed with focus on the main components that form the conceptual basis of intraoperative molecular imaging. Paramount for successful interventions is the relevance and accessibility of surgical targets. In addition, selection of the correct combination of imaging agents and modalities is critical to visualize both microscopic and bulk disease sites with high affinity and specificity. In this context developments within engineering/imaging physics continue to drive the growth of image-guided surgery. Particularly important herein is enhancement of sensitivity through improved contrast and spatial resolution, features that are critical if sites of cancer involvement are not to be overlooked during surgery. By facilitating the connection between surgical planning and surgical execution, digital surgery technologies such as computer-aided visualization nicely complement these technologies. The complexity of image guidance, combined with the plurality of technologies that are becoming available, also drives the need for evaluation mechanisms that can objectively score the impact that technologies exert on the performance of healthcare professionals and outcome improvement for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imke Boekestijn
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Matthias N van Oosterom
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Paolo Dell'Oglio
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Urology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy
| | - Floris H P van Velden
- Medical Physics, Department of Radiology , Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Pool
- Department of Clinical Farmacy and Toxicology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tobias Maurer
- Martini-Klinik Prostate Cancer Centre Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daphne D D Rietbergen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Section of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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8
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Costa PF, Fendler WP, Herrmann K, Sandach P, Grafe H, Grootendorst MR, Püllen L, Kesch C, Krafft U, Radtke JP, Tschirdewahn S, Hadaschik BA, Darr C. Radiation Protection and Occupational Exposure on 68Ga-PSMA-11-Based Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging Procedures in Robot-Assisted Prostatectomy. J Nucl Med 2022; 63:1349-1356. [PMID: 34916249 PMCID: PMC9454458 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.121.263175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) was successfully implemented in the intraoperative context as a form of radioguided cancer surgery, showing promise in the detection of surgical margins during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. The present study was designed to provide a quantitative description of the occupational radiation exposure of surgery and histopathology personnel from CLI-guided robot-assisted radical prostatectomy after the injection of 68Ga-PSMA-11 in a single-injection PET/CT CLI protocol. Methods: Ten patients with preoperative 68Ga-PSMA-11 administration and intraoperative CLI were included. Patient dose rate was measured before PET/CT (n = 10) and after PET/CT (n = 5) at a 1-m distance for 4 patient regions (head [A], right side [B], left side [C], and feet [D]). Electronic personal dosimetry (EPD) was used for intraoperative occupational exposure (n = 10). Measurements included the first surgical assistant and scrub nurse at the operating table and the CLI imager/surgeon at the robotic console and encompassed the whole duration of surgery and CLI image acquisition. An estimation of the exposure of histopathology personnel was performed by measuring prostate specimens (n = 8) with a germanium detector. Results: The measured dose rate value before PET/CT was 5.3 ± 0.9 (average ± SD) μSv/h. This value corresponds to a patient-specific dose rate constant for positions B and C of 0.047 μSv/h⋅MBq. The average dose rate value after PET/CT was 1.04 ± 1.00 μSv/h. The patient-specific dose rate constant values corresponding to regions A to D were 0.011, 0.026, 0.024, and 0.003 μSv/h⋅MBq, respectively. EPD readings revealed average personal equivalent doses of 9.0 ± 7.1, 3.3 ± 3.9, and 0.7 ± 0.7 μSv for the first surgical assistant, scrub nurse, and CLI imager/surgeon, respectively. The median germanium detector-measured activity of the prostate specimen was 2.96 kBq (interquartile range, 2.23-7.65 kBq). Conclusion: Single-injection 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT CLI procedures are associated with a reasonable occupational exposure level, if kept under 110 procedures per year. Excised prostate specimen radionuclide content was below the exemption level for 68Ga. Dose rate-based calculations provide a robust estimation for EPD measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Fragoso Costa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang P. Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Patrick Sandach
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hong Grafe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Lukas Püllen
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Kesch
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Krafft
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan P. Radtke
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Tschirdewahn
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Boris A. Hadaschik
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany;,Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christopher Darr
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany; .,Department of Urology and Urological Oncology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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Mony U, Veeraraghavan VP. Cerenkov luminescence imaging: A future nuclear imaging modality of head and neck oncology patients in low-income countries? Oral Oncol 2022; 130:105923. [PMID: 35588598 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2022.105923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ullas Mony
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India.
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India.
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10
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Gonzalez‐Montoro A, Vera‐Donoso CD, Konstantinou G, Sopena P, Martinez M, Ortiz JB, Carles M, Benlloch J, Gonzalez A. Nuclear‐medicine probes: where we are and where we are going. Med Phys 2022; 49:4372-4390. [PMID: 35526220 PMCID: PMC9545507 DOI: 10.1002/mp.15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear medicine probes turned into the key for the identification and precise location of sentinel lymph nodes and other occult lesions (i.e., tumors) by using the systemic administration of radiotracers. Intraoperative nuclear probes are key in the surgical management of some malignancies as well as in the determination of positive surgical margins, thus reducing the extent and potential surgery morbidity. Depending on their application, nuclear probes are classified into two main categories, namely, counting and imaging. Although counting probes present a simple design, are handheld (to be moved rapidly), and provide only acoustic signals when detecting radiation, imaging probes, also known as cameras, are more hardware‐complex and also able to provide images but at the cost of an increased intervention time as displacing the camera has to be done slowly. This review article begins with an introductory section to highlight the relevance of nuclear‐based probes and their components as well as the main differences between ionization‐ (semiconductor) and scintillation‐based probes. Then, the most significant performance parameters of the probe are reviewed (i.e., sensitivity, contrast, count rate capabilities, shielding, energy, and spatial resolution), as well as the different types of probes based on the target radiation nature, namely: gamma (γ), beta (β) (positron and electron), and Cherenkov. Various available intraoperative nuclear probes are finally compared in terms of performance to discuss the state‐of‐the‐art of nuclear medicine probes. The manuscript concludes by discussing the ideal probe design and the aspects to be considered when selecting nuclear‐medicine probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Gonzalez‐Montoro
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) Centro Mixto CSIC Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n Valencia 46022 Spain
| | | | | | - P. Sopena
- Servicio de Medicina Nuclear Área clínica de Imagen Médica, La Fe Hospital Valencia 46026 Spain
| | - M. Martinez
- Urology Department La Fe Hospital Valencia 46026 Spain
| | - J. B. Ortiz
- Urology Department La Fe Hospital Valencia 46026 Spain
| | - M. Carles
- Biomedical Imaging Research Group La Fe Hospital Valencia 46026 Spain
| | - J.M. Benlloch
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) Centro Mixto CSIC Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n Valencia 46022 Spain
| | - A.J. Gonzalez
- Instituto de Instrumentación para Imagen Molecular (I3M) Centro Mixto CSIC Universitat Politècnica de València Camino de Vera s/n Valencia 46022 Spain
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Pratt EC, Skubal M, Mc Larney B, Causa-Andrieu P, Das S, Sawan P, Araji A, Riedl C, Vyas K, Tuch D, Grimm J. Prospective testing of clinical Cerenkov luminescence imaging against standard-of-care nuclear imaging for tumour location. Nat Biomed Eng 2022; 6:559-568. [PMID: 35411113 PMCID: PMC9149092 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-022-00876-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In oncology, the feasibility of Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) has been assessed by imaging superficial lymph nodes in a few patients undergoing diagnostic 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). However, the weak luminescence signal requires the removal of ambient light. Here we report the development of a clinical CLI fiberscope with a lightproof enclosure, and the clinical testing of the setup using five different radiotracers. In an observational prospective trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03484884 ) involving 96 patients with existing or suspected tumours, scheduled for routine clinical FDG PET or 131I therapy, the level of agreement of CLI with standard-of-care imaging (PET or planar single-photon emission CT) for tumour location was 'acceptable' or higher (≥3 in the 1-5 Likert scale) for 90% of the patients. CLI correlated with the concentration of radioactive activity, and captured therapeutically relevant information from patients undergoing targeted radiotherapy or receiving the alpha emitter 223Ra, which cannot be feasibly imaged clinically. CLI could supplement radiological scans, especially when scanner capacity is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin C. Pratt
- Pharmacology Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Magdalena Skubal
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Benedict Mc Larney
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Pamela Causa-Andrieu
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Sudeep Das
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Peter Sawan
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Abdallah Araji
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Christopher Riedl
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Kunal Vyas
- Lightpoint Medical Ltd., Waterside, Chesham, HP5 1PE, UK
| | - David Tuch
- Lightpoint Medical Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Jan Grimm
- Pharmacology Department, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Weill, Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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Dual-Labelling Strategies for Nuclear and Fluorescence Molecular Imaging: Current Status and Future Perspectives. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15040432. [PMID: 35455430 PMCID: PMC9028399 DOI: 10.3390/ph15040432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging offers the possibility to investigate biological and biochemical processes non-invasively and to obtain information on both anatomy and dysfunctions. Based on the data obtained, a fundamental understanding of various disease processes can be derived and treatment strategies can be planned. In this context, methods that combine several modalities in one probe are increasingly being used. Due to the comparably high sensitivity and provided complementary information, the combination of nuclear and optical probes has taken on a special significance. In this review article, dual-labelled systems for bimodal nuclear and optical imaging based on both modular ligands and nanomaterials are discussed. Particular attention is paid to radiometal-labelled molecules for single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron emission tomography (PET) and metal complexes combined with fluorescent dyes for optical imaging. The clinical potential of such probes, especially for fluorescence-guided surgery, is assessed.
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13
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Wendler T, van Leeuwen FWB, Navab N, van Oosterom MN. How molecular imaging will enable robotic precision surgery : The role of artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and navigation. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:4201-4224. [PMID: 34185136 PMCID: PMC8566413 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05445-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is one of the pillars of precision surgery. Its applications range from early diagnostics to therapy planning, execution, and the accurate assessment of outcomes. In particular, molecular imaging solutions are in high demand in minimally invasive surgical strategies, such as the substantially increasing field of robotic surgery. This review aims at connecting the molecular imaging and nuclear medicine community to the rapidly expanding armory of surgical medical devices. Such devices entail technologies ranging from artificial intelligence and computer-aided visualization technologies (software) to innovative molecular imaging modalities and surgical navigation (hardware). We discuss technologies based on their role at different steps of the surgical workflow, i.e., from surgical decision and planning, over to target localization and excision guidance, all the way to (back table) surgical verification. This provides a glimpse of how innovations from the technology fields can realize an exciting future for the molecular imaging and surgery communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wendler
- Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures and Augmented Reality, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 3, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen
- Department of Radiology, Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Orsi Academy, Melle, Belgium
| | - Nassir Navab
- Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures and Augmented Reality, Technische Universität München, Boltzmannstr. 3, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
- Chair for Computer Aided Medical Procedures Laboratory for Computational Sensing + Robotics, Johns-Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Matthias N. van Oosterom
- Department of Radiology, Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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14
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Darr C, Fragoso Costa P, Kesch C, Krafft U, Püllen L, Harke NN, Hess J, Szarvas T, Haubold J, Reis H, Fendler WP, Herrmann K, Radtke JP, Hadaschik BA, Tschirdewahn S. Prostate specific membrane antigen-radio guided surgery using Cerenkov luminescence imaging-utilization of a short-pass filter to reduce technical pitfalls. Transl Androl Urol 2021; 10:3972-3985. [PMID: 34804840 PMCID: PMC8575587 DOI: 10.21037/tau-20-1141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Intraoperative Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is a novel technique to assess surgical margins in patients undergoing nerve sparing radical prostatectomy (RP). Here, we analyze the efficacy of a 550-nm optical short-pass filter (OF) to improve its performance. Methods In this prospective single-center feasibility study ten patients with prostate cancer (PC) were included between December 2019 and April 2020, including three patients without tracer injection as a control group. After preoperative injection of 68-Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-11 followed by RP, CLI of the excised prostate and the incised index lesion was performed to visualize the primary tumor lesion. We compared the findings on intraoperative CLI to postoperative histopathology. Furthermore, CLI-intensities determined as tumor to background ratio (TBR) and contrast to noise ratio (CNR) were measured. Results Histopathology proved positive surgical margins (PSM) in 3 patients with corresponding findings in CLI. After magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-informed incision above the index lesion 2 out of 3 prostates demonstrated elevated CLI signals with histopathological confirmation of PC cells. The use of the OF enabled a significant reduction of the area of the regions of interest from a median of 1.80 to 0.15 cm2 (reduction by 85%, P=0.005) leading to increased specificity. Signals due to PSMs were not suppressed by the 550-nm OF. The median TBR was reduced from 3.33 to 2.10. In all three patients of the control group elevated CLI intensities were detected at locations with diathermal energy deposition during surgery. After application of the 550-nm OF these were almost totally suppressed with a TBR of 1.10. Measurements of Cerenkov luminescence intensity with the 550-nm OF showed a significant Pearson's correlation of 0.82 between PSM and the elevated TBR (P=0.003) and a significant Pearson's correlation of 0.66 between PSM and elevated CNR (P=0.04). Measurements without the OF did not correlate significantly. Conclusions Intraoperative 68-Ga-PSMA CLI in PC is a tool that warrants further investigation to visualize PSM especially in intermediate and high-risk PC. Intraoperative CLI benefits from usage of a 550-nm OF to reduce false-positive signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Darr
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pedro Fragoso Costa
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Kesch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Krafft
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Lukas Püllen
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nina Natascha Harke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jochen Hess
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Tibor Szarvas
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Haubold
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Diagnostics and Radiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Reis
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peter Fendler
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ken Herrmann
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Radtke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Boris Alexander Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Tschirdewahn
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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15
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Theranostic Applications of Nanoparticle-Mediated Photoactivated Therapies. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt2030009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle-mediated light-activated therapies, such as photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy, are earnestly being viewed as efficient interventional strategies against several cancer types. Theranostics is a key hallmark of cancer nanomedicine since it allows diagnosis and therapy of both primary and metastatic cancer using a single nanoprobe. Advanced in vivo diagnostic imaging using theranostic nanoparticles not only provides precise information about the location of tumor/s but also outlines the narrow time window corresponding to the maximum tumor-specific drug accumulation. Such information plays a critical role in guiding light-activated therapies with high spatio-temporal accuracy. Furthermore, theranostics facilitates monitoring the progression of therapy in real time. Herein, we provide a general review of the application of theranostic nanoparticles for in vivo image-guided light-activated therapy in cancer. The imaging modalities considered here include fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, thermal imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and single-photon emission computed tomography. The review concludes with a brief discussion about the broad scope of theranostic light-activated nanomedicine.
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16
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Nakanishi K, Yamamoto S. Comparison of the distributions of bremsstrahlung X-rays, Cerenkov light, and annihilation radiations for positron emitters. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 176:109861. [PMID: 34265565 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.109861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Positron emission tomography (PET) is a powerful tool because we can acquire functional information of tissue from the images with high sensitivity and relatively high spatial resolution. However, high-spatial-resolution PET imaging for high-energy positron emitters is difficult because the positrons have a long range and annihilation radiations are emitted at the endpoints of the positrons' trajectories. Along the trajectories, Cerenkov light (CL) is also emitted in advance of the emission of annihilation radiations. Hence, CL can be used for the imaging of high-energy positron emitters. Bremsstrahlung X-rays are also emitted along the trajectories of positrons, and imaging is possible. However, the differences in the spatial distributions of these three types of radiations are not obvious. Because CL and bremsstrahlung X-rays are produced before the endpoint of the positron, high-spatial-resolution imaging may be possible for high-energy positrons. In this study, to clarify this point, we simulated the spatial distribution of CL, bremsstrahlung X-rays, and annihilation radiations using Monte Carlo simulation and compared the distributions. The distributions of the bremsstrahlung X-rays and CL were smaller than those of the annihilation radiations in case of high energy positrons, and we found that the distributions of bremsstrahlung X-rays nearly matched those of CL for high-energy positron emitters. We concluded that CL and bremsstrahlung X-ray imaging have higher spatial resolution than annihilation radiation imaging for MeV ordered positron emitters, and thus they are promising for high-spatial-resolution imaging of high-energy positron emitters such as O-15 for ion therapy and Ga-68 for PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouhei Nakanishi
- Department of Integrated Health Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan; Department of Radiology, Akita Hospital, Chiryu, Japan
| | - Seiichi Yamamoto
- Department of Integrated Health Science, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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17
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Collamati F, van Oosterom MN, Hadaschik BA, Fragoso Costa P, Darr C. Beta radioguided surgery: towards routine implementation? THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF... 2021; 65:229-243. [PMID: 34014062 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.21.03358-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In locally or locally advanced solid tumors, surgery still remains a fundamental treatment method. However, conservative resection is associated with high collateral damage and functional limitations of the patient. Furthermore, the presence of residual tumor tissue following conservative surgical treatment is currently a common cause of locally recurrent cancer or of distant metastases. Reliable intraoperative detection of small cancerous tissue would allow surgeons to selectively resect malignant areas: this task can be achieved by means of image-guided surgery, such as beta radioguided surgery (RGS). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION In this paper, a comprehensive review of beta RGS is given, starting from the physical principles that differentiate beta from gamma radiation, that has already its place in nuclear medicine current practice. Also, the recent clinical feasibility of using Cerenkov radiation is discussed. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS Despite being first proposed several decades ago, only in the last years a remarkable interest in beta RGS has been observed, probably driven by the diffusion of PET radio tracers. Today several different approaches are being pursued to assess the effectiveness of such a technique, including both beta+ and beta- emitting radiopharmaceuticals. CONCLUSIONS Beta RGS shows some peculiarities that can present it as a very promising complementary technique to standard procedures. Good results are being obtained in several tests, both ex vivo and in vivo. This might however be the time to initiate the trials to demonstrate the real clinical value of these technologies with seemingly clear potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matthias N van Oosterom
- Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Urology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Boris A Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Pedro Fragoso Costa
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Christopher Darr
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK)-University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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18
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van Dam RM, Chatziioannou AF. Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging in the Development and Production of Radiopharmaceuticals. FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS 2021; 9:632056. [PMID: 36213527 PMCID: PMC9544387 DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2021.632056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the past several years there has been an explosion of interest in exploiting Cerenkov radiation to enable in vivo and intraoperative optical imaging of subjects injected with trace amounts of radiopharmaceuticals. At the same time, Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) also has been serving as a critical tool in radiochemistry, especially for the development of novel microfluidic devices for producing radiopharmaceuticals. By enabling microfluidic processes to be monitored non-destructively in situ, CLI has made it possible to literally watch the activity distribution as the synthesis occurs, and to quantitatively measure activity propagation and losses at each step of synthesis, paving the way for significant strides forward in performance and robustness of those devices. In some cases, CLI has enabled detection and resolution of unexpected problems not observable via standard optical methods. CLI is also being used in analytical radiochemistry to increase the reliability of radio-thin layer chromatography (radio-TLC) assays. Rapid and high-resolution Cerenkov imaging of radio-TLC plates enables detection of issues in the spotting or separation process, improves chromatographic resolution (and/or allows reduced separation distance and time), and enables increased throughput by allowing multiple samples to be spotted side-by-side on a single TLC plate for parallel separation and readout. In combination with new multi-reaction microfluidic chips, this is creating a new possibility for high-throughput optimization in radiochemistry. In this mini review, we provide an overview of the role that CLI has played to date in the radiochemistry side of radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Michael van Dam
- UCLA Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- UCLA Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Arion F. Chatziioannou
- UCLA Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- UCLA Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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19
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Surgical Advances in Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030388. [PMID: 33494243 PMCID: PMC7864509 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common bone cancer in children. OS most commonly arises in the legs, but can arise in any bone, including the spine, head or neck. Along with chemotherapy, surgery is a mainstay of OS treatment and in the 1990s, surgeons began to shift from amputation to limb-preserving surgery. Since then, improvements in imaging, surgical techniques and implant design have led to improvements in functional outcomes without compromising on the cancer outcomes for these patients. This paper summarises these advances, along with a brief discussion of future technologies currently in development. Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone cancer in children and, unfortunately, is associated with poor survival rates. OS most commonly arises around the knee joint, and was traditionally treated with amputation until surgeons began to favour limb-preserving surgery in the 1990s. Whilst improving functional outcomes, this was not without problems, such as implant failure and limb length discrepancies. OS can also arise in areas such as the pelvis, spine, head, and neck, which creates additional technical difficulty given the anatomical complexity of the areas. We reviewed the literature and summarised the recent advances in OS surgery. Improvements have been made in many areas; developments in pre-operative imaging technology have allowed improved planning, whilst the ongoing development of intraoperative imaging techniques, such as fluorescent dyes, offer the possibility of improved surgical margins. Technological developments, such as computer navigation, patient specific instruments, and improved implant design similarly provide the opportunity to improve patient outcomes. Going forward, there are a number of promising avenues currently being pursued, such as targeted fluorescent dyes, robotics, and augmented reality, which bring the prospect of improving these outcomes further.
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20
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Gonzales J, Hernández-Gil J, Wilson TC, Adilbay D, Cornejo M, Demétrio de Souza Franca P, Guru N, Schroeder CI, King GF, Lewis JS, Reiner T. Bimodal Imaging of Mouse Peripheral Nerves with Chlorin Tracers. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:940-951. [PMID: 33404254 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Almost 17 million Americans have a history of cancer, a number expected to reach over 22 million by 2030. Cancer patients often undergo chemotherapy in the form of antineoplastic agents such as cis-platin and paclitaxel. Though effective, these agents can induce debilitating side effects; the most common neurotoxic effect, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), can endure long after treatment ends. Despite the widespread and chronic nature of the dysfunction, no tools exist to quantitatively measure chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. Such a tool would not only benefit patients but their stratification could also save significant financial and social costs associated with neuropathic pain. In our first step toward addressing this unmet clinical need, we explored a novel dual approach to localize peripheral nerves: Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) and fluorescence imaging (FI). Our approach revolves around the targeting and imaging of voltage-gated sodium channel subtype NaV1.7, highly expressed in peripheral nerves from both harvested human and mouse tissues. For the first time, we show that Hsp1a, a radiolabeled NaV1.7-selective peptide isolated from Homoeomma spec. Peru, can serve as a targeted vector for delivering a radioactive sensor to the peripheral nervous system. In situ, we observe high signal-to-noise ratios in the sciatic nerves of animals injected with fluorescently labeled Hsp1a and radiolabeled Hsp1a. Moreover, confocal microscopy on fresh nerve tissue shows the same high ratios of fluorescence, corroborating our in vivo results. This study indicates that fluorescently labeled and radiolabeled Hsp1a tracers could be used to identify and demarcate nerves in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junior Gonzales
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Javier Hernández-Gil
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven B3000, Belgium
| | - Thomas C Wilson
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Dauren Adilbay
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Mike Cornejo
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Paula Demétrio de Souza Franca
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil
| | - Navjot Guru
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Christina I Schroeder
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.,National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21704, United States
| | - Glenn F King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Weill-Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States.,Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
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21
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Pandya DN, Sinha A, Yuan H, Mutkus L, Stumpf K, Marini FC, Wadas TJ. Imaging of Fibroblast Activation Protein Alpha Expression in a Preclinical Mouse Model of Glioma Using Positron Emission Tomography. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25163672. [PMID: 32806623 PMCID: PMC7464128 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25163672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive glioma of the primary central nervous system. Due to the lack of effective treatment options, the prognosis for patients remains bleak. Fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP), a 170 kDa type II transmembrane serine protease was observed to be expressed on glioma cells and within the glioma tumor microenvironment. To understand the utility of targeting FAP in this tumor type, the immuno-PET radiopharmaceutical [89Zr]Zr-Df-Bz-F19 mAb was prepared and Lindmo analysis was used for its in vitro evaluation using the U87MG cell line, which expresses FAP endogenously. Lindmo analysis revealed an association constant (Ka) of 10-8 M-1 and an immunoreactivity of 52%. Biodistribution studies in U87MG tumor-bearing mice revealed increasing radiotracer retention in tumors over time, leading to average tumor-to-muscle ratios of 3.1, 7.3, 7.2, and 8.3 at 2, 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively. Small animal PET corroborated the biodistribution studies; tumor-to-muscle ratios at 2, 24, 48, and 72 h were 2.0, 5.0, 6.1 and 7.8, respectively. Autoradiography demonstrated accumulated activity throughout the interior of FAP+ tumors, while sequential tumor sections stained positively for FAP expression. Conversely, FAP- tissues retained minimal radioactivity and were negative for FAP expression by immunohistochemistry. These results demonstrate FAP as a promising biomarker that may be exploited to diagnose and potentially treat GBM and other neuroepithelial cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darpan N. Pandya
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (D.N.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Akesh Sinha
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (D.N.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Hong Yuan
- Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Lysette Mutkus
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (L.M.); (K.S.); (F.C.M.)
| | - Kristina Stumpf
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (L.M.); (K.S.); (F.C.M.)
| | - Frank C. Marini
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (L.M.); (K.S.); (F.C.M.)
| | - Thaddeus J. Wadas
- Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; (D.N.P.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-319-335-5009
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22
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Pirovano G, Roberts S, Kossatz S, Reiner T. Optical Imaging Modalities: Principles and Applications in Preclinical Research and Clinical Settings. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1419-1427. [PMID: 32764124 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.238279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With the ability to noninvasively image and monitor molecular processes within tumors, molecular imaging represents a fundamental tool for cancer scientists. In the current review, we describe emergent optical technologies for molecular imaging. We aim to provide the reader with an overview of the fundamental principles on which each imaging strategy is based, to introduce established and future applications, and to provide a rationale for selecting optical technologies for molecular imaging depending on disease location, biology, and anatomy. To accelerate clinical translation of imaging techniques, we also describe examples of practical applications in patients. Elevating these techniques into standard-of-care tools will transform patient stratification, disease monitoring, and response evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Pirovano
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sheryl Roberts
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.,Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Reiner
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and.,Chemical Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
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23
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Doyle TE, Butler AP, Salisbury MJ, Bennett MJ, Wagner GM, Al-Ghaib HA, Matsen CB. High-Frequency Ultrasonic Forceps for the In Vivo Detection of Cancer During Breast-Conserving Surgery. J Med Device 2020. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4047115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
A major aim in the surgical management of soft tissue cancers is to detect and remove all cancerous tissues while ensuring noncancerous tissue remains intact. Breast-conserving surgery provides a prime illustration of this aim, since remaining cancer in breast margins results in multiple surgeries, while removal of too much unaffected tissue often has undesirable cosmetic effects. Similarly, resection of benign lymph nodes during sentinel lymph node biopsy can cause deleterious health outcomes. The objective of this study was to create an intraoperative, in vivo device to address these challenges. Instant diagnostic information generated by this device could allow surgeons to precisely and completely remove all malignant tissue during the first surgery. Surgical forceps based on Martin forceps were instrumented at the tips with high-frequency ultrasonic transducers composed of polyvinylidene difluoride, a thickness-sensing rotary potentiometer at the base, and a spring to provide the appropriate restoring force. Transducer wires within the forceps were connected to an external high-frequency pulser-receiver, activating the forceps' transmitting transducer at 50 MHz and amplifying through-transmission signals from the receiving transducer. The forceps were tested with tissue-mimicking agarose phantoms embedded with 58–550 μm polyethylene microspheres to simulate various stages of cancer progression and to provide a range of measurement values. Results were compared with measurements from standard 50 MHz immersion transducers. The results showed that the forceps displayed similar sensitivity for attenuation and increased accuracy for wave speed. The forceps could also be extended to endoscopes and laparoscopes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Garrett M. Wagner
- Department of Computer Engineering, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058
| | - Huda A. Al-Ghaib
- Department of Computer Engineering, Utah Valley University, Orem, UT 84058
| | - Cindy B. Matsen
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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24
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Darr C, Harke NN, Radtke JP, Yirga L, Kesch C, Grootendorst MR, Fendler WP, Costa PF, Rischpler C, Praus C, Haubold J, Reis H, Hager T, Herrmann K, Binse I, Hadaschik B. Intraoperative 68Ga-PSMA Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging for Surgical Margins in Radical Prostatectomy: A Feasibility Study. J Nucl Med 2020; 61:1500-1506. [PMID: 32060212 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.119.240424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our objective was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) for assessment of surgical margins intraoperatively during radical prostatectomy. Methods: A single-center feasibility study included 10 patients with high-risk primary prostate cancer (PC). 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT scans were performed followed by radical prostatectomy and intraoperative CLI of the excised prostate. In addition to imaging the intact prostate, in the first 2 patients the prostate gland was incised and imaged with CLI to visualize the primary tumor. We compared the tumor margin status on CLI to postoperative histopathology. Measured CLI intensities were determined as tumor-to-background ratio. Results: Tumor cells were successfully detected on the incised prostate CLI images as confirmed by histopathology. Three of 10 men had histopathologically positive surgical margins (PSMs), and 2 of 3 PSMs were accurately detected on CLI. Overall, 25 (72%) of 35 regions of interest proved to visualize a tumor signal according to standard histopathology. The median tumor radiance in these areas was 11,301 photons/s/cm2/sr (range, 3,328-25,428 photons/s/cm2/sr), and median tumor-to-background ratio was 4.2 (range, 2.1-11.6). False-positive signals were seen mainly at the prostate base, with PC cells overlaid by benign tissue. PSMA immunohistochemistry revealed strong PSMA staining of benign gland tissue, which impacts measured activities. Conclusion: This feasibility showed that 68Ga-PSMA CLI is a new intraoperative imaging technique capable of imaging the entire specimen's surface to detect PC tissue at the resection margin. Further optimization of the CLI protocol, or the use of lower-energy imaging tracers such as 18F-PSMA, is required to reduce false-positives. A larger study will be performed to assess diagnostic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Darr
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Nina N Harke
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Leubet Yirga
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Claudia Kesch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang P Fendler
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Christine Praus
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Johannes Haubold
- Institute of Diagnostics and Radiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Henning Reis
- Institute of Pathology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; and
| | - Thomas Hager
- Institute of Pathology, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany; and
| | - Ken Herrmann
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ina Binse
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Boris Hadaschik
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
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25
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Tafreshi NK, Doligalski ML, Tichacek CJ, Pandya DN, Budzevich MM, El-Haddad G, Khushalani NI, Moros EG, McLaughlin ML, Wadas TJ, Morse DL. Development of Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy for Solid Tumors. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24234314. [PMID: 31779154 PMCID: PMC6930656 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24234314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles (cytotoxic payload) to tumors by chelation to monoclonal antibodies, peptides or small molecules that recognize tumor-associated antigens or cell-surface receptors. Because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) and short range of alpha (α) particles in tissue, cancer cells can be significantly damaged while causing minimal toxicity to surrounding healthy cells. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of TAT in the treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current consensus regarding the properties of the α-particle-emitting radionuclides that are potentially relevant for use in the clinic; the TAT-mediated mechanisms responsible for cell death; the different classes of targeting moieties and radiometal chelators available for TAT development; current approaches to calculating radiation dosimetry for TATs; and lead optimization via medicinal chemistry to improve the TAT radiopharmaceutical properties. We have also summarized the use of TATs in pre-clinical and clinical studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges K. Tafreshi
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Michael L. Doligalski
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Christopher J. Tichacek
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
| | - Darpan N. Pandya
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - Mikalai M. Budzevich
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Ghassan El-Haddad
- Depts. of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Nikhil I. Khushalani
- Department of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Eduardo G. Moros
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Mark L. McLaughlin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV & Modulation Therapeutics Inc., 64 Medical Center Drive, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA;
| | - Thaddeus J. Wadas
- Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA; (D.N.P.); (T.J.W.)
| | - David L. Morse
- Department of Cancer Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (N.K.T.); (M.L.D.); (C.J.T.); (E.G.M.)
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Small Animal Imaging Laboratory, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
- Department of Oncologic Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-745-8948; Fax: +1-813-745-8375
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26
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Van Oosterom MN, Rietbergen DDD, Welling MM, Van Der Poel HG, Maurer T, Van Leeuwen FWB. Recent advances in nuclear and hybrid detection modalities for image-guided surgery. Expert Rev Med Devices 2019; 16:711-734. [PMID: 31287715 DOI: 10.1080/17434440.2019.1642104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Radioguided surgery is an ever-evolving part of nuclear medicine. In fact, this nuclear medicine sub-discipline actively bridges non-invasive molecular imaging with surgical care. Next to relying on the availability of radio- and bimodal-tracers, the success of radioguided surgery is for a large part dependent on the imaging modalities and imaging concepts available for the surgical setting. With this review, we have aimed to provide a comprehensive update of the most recent advances in the field. Areas covered: We have made an attempt to cover all aspects of radioguided surgery: 1) the use of radioisotopes that emit γ, β+, and/or β- radiation, 2) hardware developments ranging from probes to 2D cameras and even the use of advanced 3D interventional imaging solutions, and 3) multiplexing solutions such as dual-isotope detection or combined radionuclear and optical detection. Expert opinion: Technical refinements in the field of radioguided surgery should continue to focus on supporting its implementation in the increasingly complex minimally invasive surgical setting, e.g. by accommodating robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery. In addition, hybrid concepts that integrate the use of radioisotopes with other image-guided surgery modalities such as fluorescence or ultrasound are likely to expand in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias N Van Oosterom
- a Interventional Molecular Imaging laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , the Netherlands.,b Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Daphne D D Rietbergen
- a Interventional Molecular Imaging laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , the Netherlands.,c Department of Radiology, Section Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Mick M Welling
- a Interventional Molecular Imaging laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , the Netherlands
| | - Henk G Van Der Poel
- b Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Tobias Maurer
- d Martini-Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf , Hamburg , Germany
| | - Fijs W B Van Leeuwen
- a Interventional Molecular Imaging laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden , the Netherlands.,b Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital , Amsterdam , the Netherlands.,e Orsi Academy , Melle , Belgium
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27
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Maier FC, Wild AM, Kirchen N, Holm F, Fuchs K, Schwenck J, Maurer A, Wiehr S. Comparative immuno-Cerenkov luminescence and -PET imaging enables detection of PSMA+ tumors in mice using 64Cu-radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 143:149-155. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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28
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Stammes MA, Bugby SL, Porta T, Pierzchalski K, Devling T, Otto C, Dijkstra J, Vahrmeijer AL, de Geus-Oei LF, Mieog JSD. Modalities for image- and molecular-guided cancer surgery. Br J Surg 2018; 105:e69-e83. [PMID: 29341161 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery is the cornerstone of treatment for many solid tumours. A wide variety of imaging modalities are available before surgery for staging, although surgeons still rely primarily on visual and haptic cues in the operating environment. Image and molecular guidance might improve the adequacy of resection through enhanced tumour definition and detection of aberrant deposits. Intraoperative modalities available for image- and molecular-guided cancer surgery are reviewed here. METHODS Intraoperative cancer detection techniques were identified through a systematic literature search, with selection of peer-reviewed publications from January 2012 to January 2017. Modalities were reviewed, described and compared according to 25 predefined characteristics. To summarize the data in a comparable way, a three-point rating scale was applied to quantitative characteristics. RESULTS The search identified ten image- and molecular-guided surgery techniques, which can be divided into four groups: conventional, optical, nuclear and endogenous reflectance modalities. Conventional techniques are the most well known imaging modalities, but unfortunately have the drawback of a defined resolution and long acquisition time. Optical imaging is a real-time modality; however, the penetration depth is limited. Nuclear modalities have excellent penetration depth, but their intraoperative use is limited by the use of radioactivity. Endogenous reflectance modalities provide high resolution, although with a narrow field of view. CONCLUSION Each modality has its strengths and weaknesses; no single technique will be suitable for all surgical procedures. Strict selection of modalities per cancer type and surgical requirements is required as well as combining techniques to find the optimal balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Stammes
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Percuros, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - S L Bugby
- Space Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - T Porta
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - K Pierzchalski
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Division of Imaging Mass Spectrometry, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - C Otto
- Medical Cell Bio Physics, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - J Dijkstra
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - A L Vahrmeijer
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L-F de Geus-Oei
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, MIRA Institute, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - J S D Mieog
- Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
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29
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Pogue BW, Wilson BC. Optical and x-ray technology synergies enabling diagnostic and therapeutic applications in medicine. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2018; 23:1-17. [PMID: 30350489 PMCID: PMC6197862 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.23.12.121610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
X-ray and optical technologies are the two central pillars for human imaging and therapy. The strengths of x-rays are deep tissue penetration, effective cytotoxicity, and the ability to image with robust projection and computed-tomography methods. The major limitations of x-ray use are the lack of molecular specificity and the carcinogenic risk. In comparison, optical interactions with tissue are strongly scatter dominated, leading to limited tissue penetration, making imaging and therapy largely restricted to superficial or endoscopically directed tissues. However, optical photon energies are comparable with molecular energy levels, thereby providing the strength of intrinsic molecular specificity. Additionally, optical technologies are highly advanced and diversified, being ubiquitously used throughout medicine as the single largest technology sector. Both have dominant spatial localization value, achieved with optical surface scanning or x-ray internal visualization, where one often is used with the other. Therapeutic delivery can also be enhanced by their synergy, where radio-optical and optical-radio interactions can inform about dose or amplify the clinical therapeutic value. An emerging trend is the integration of nanoparticles to serve as molecular intermediates or energy transducers for imaging and therapy, requiring careful design for the interaction either by scintillation or Cherenkov light, and the nanoscale design is impacted by the choices of optical interaction mechanism. The enhancement of optical molecular sensing or sensitization of tissue using x-rays as the energy source is an important emerging field combining x-ray tissue penetration in radiation oncology with the molecular specificity and packaging of optical probes or molecular localization. The ways in which x-rays can enable optical procedures, or optics can enable x-ray procedures, provide a range of new opportunities in both diagnostic and therapeutic medicine. Taken together, these two technologies form the basis for the vast majority of diagnostics and therapeutics in use in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W. Pogue
- Dartmouth College, Thayer School of Engineering, Geisel School of Medicine, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States
| | - Brian C. Wilson
- University of Toronto, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre/University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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30
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Lewis DY, Mair R, Wright A, Allinson K, Lyons SK, Booth T, Jones J, Bielik R, Soloviev D, Brindle KM. [ 18F]fluoroethyltyrosine-induced Cerenkov Luminescence Improves Image-Guided Surgical Resection of Glioma. Theranostics 2018; 8:3991-4002. [PMID: 30083276 PMCID: PMC6071532 DOI: 10.7150/thno.23709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The extent of surgical resection is significantly correlated with outcome in glioma; however, current intraoperative navigational tools are useful only in a subset of patients. We show here that a new optical intraoperative technique, Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) following intravenous injection of O‑(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-L-tyrosine (FET), can be used to accurately delineate glioma margins, performing better than the current standard of fluorescence imaging with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Methods: Rats implanted orthotopically with U87, F98 and C6 glioblastoma cells were injected with FET and 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Positive and negative tumor regions on histopathology were compared with CL and fluorescence images. The capability of FET CLI and 5-ALA fluorescence imaging to detect tumor was assessed using receptor operator characteristic curves and optimal thresholds (CLIOptROC and 5-ALAOptROC) separating tumor from healthy brain tissue were determined. These thresholds were used to guide prospective tumor resections, where the presence of tumor cells in the resected material and in the remaining brain were assessed by Ki-67 staining. Results: FET CLI signal was correlated with signal in preoperative PET images (y = 1.06x - 0.01; p < 0.0001) and with expression of the amino acid transporter SLC7A5 (LAT1). FET CLI (AUC = 97%) discriminated between glioblastoma and normal brain in human and rat orthografts more accurately than 5-ALA fluorescence (AUC = 91%), with a sensitivity >92% and specificity >91%, and resulted in a more complete tumor resection. Conclusion: FET CLI can be used to accurately delineate glioblastoma tumor margins, performing better than the current standard of fluorescence imaging following 5-ALA administration, and is therefore a promising technique for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Y. Lewis
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Current address: Cancer Research UK - Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK
| | - Richard Mair
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Alan Wright
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kieren Allinson
- Department of Pathology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Scott K. Lyons
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Booth
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Julia Jones
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Robert Bielik
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Dmitry Soloviev
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Current address: Cancer Research UK - Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK
| | - Kevin M. Brindle
- Cancer Research UK - Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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31
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Pogue BW, Feng J, LaRochelle EP, Bruža P, Lin H, Zhang R, Shell JR, Dehghani H, Davis SC, Vinogradov SA, Gladstone DJ, Jarvis LA. Maps of in vivo oxygen pressure with submillimetre resolution and nanomolar sensitivity enabled by Cherenkov-excited luminescence scanned imaging. Nat Biomed Eng 2018; 2:254-264. [PMID: 30899599 PMCID: PMC6424530 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-018-0220-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Low signal-to-noise ratios and limited imaging depths restrict the ability of optical-imaging modalities to detect and accurately quantify molecular emissions from tissue. Here, by using a scanning external X-ray beam from a clinical linear accelerator to induce Cherenkov excitation of luminescence in tissue, we demonstrate in vivo mapping of the oxygenation of tumours at depths of several millimetres, with submillimetre resolution and nanomolar sensitivity. This was achieved by scanning thin sheets of the X-ray beam orthogonally to the emission-detection plane, and by detecting the signal via a time-gated CCD camera synchronized to the radiation pulse. We also show with experiments using phantoms and with simulations that the performance of Cherenkov-excited luminescence scanned imaging (CELSI) is limited by beam size, scan geometry, probe concentration, radiation dose and tissue depth. CELSI might provide the highest sensitivity and resolution in the optical imaging of molecular tracers in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian W Pogue
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA. .,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Jinchao Feng
- Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | | | - Petr Bruža
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Huiyun Lin
- Key Laboratory of OptoElectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongxiao Zhang
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Jennifer R Shell
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Hamid Dehghani
- School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Scott C Davis
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Sergei A Vinogradov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David J Gladstone
- Thayer School of Engineering, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.,Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Lesley A Jarvis
- Norris Cotton Cancer Center, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA.,Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
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32
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Maier FC, Schmitt J, Maurer A, Ehrlichmann W, Reischl G, Nikolaou K, Handgretinger R, Pichler BJ, Thaiss WM. Correlation between positron emission tomography and Cerenkov luminescence imaging in vivo and ex vivo using 64Cu-labeled antibodies in a neuroblastoma mouse model. Oncotarget 2018; 7:67403-67411. [PMID: 27602580 PMCID: PMC5341884 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-based therapies gain momentum in clinical therapy, thus the need for accurate imaging modalities with respect to target identification and therapy monitoring are of increasing relevance. Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) are a novel method detecting charged particles emitted during radioactive decay with optical imaging. Here, we compare Position Emission Tomography (PET) with CLI in a multimodal imaging study aiming at the fast and efficient screening of monoclonal antibodies (mAb) designated for targeting of the neuroblastoma-characteristic epitope disialoganglioside GD2. Neuroblastoma-bearing SHO mice were injected with a 64Cu-labeled GD2-specific mAb. The tumor uptake was imaged 3 h, 24 h and 48 h after tracer injection with both, PET and CLI, and was compared to the accumulation in GD2-negative control tumors (human embryonic kidney, HEK-293). In addition to an in vivo PET/CLI-correlation over time, we also demonstrate linear correlations of CLI- and γ-counter-based biodistribution analysis. CLI with its comparably short acquisition time can thus be used as an attractive one-stop-shop modality for the longitudinal monitoring of antibody-based tumor targeting and ex vivo biodistribution. These findings suggest CLI as a reliable alternative for PET and biodistribution studies with respect to fast and high-throughput screenings in subcutaneous tumors traced with radiolabeled antibodies. However, in contrast to PET, CLI is not limited to positron-emitting isotopes and can therefore also be used for the visualization of mAb labeled with therapeutic isotopes like electron emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian C Maier
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Schmitt
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Maurer
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Walter Ehrlichmann
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gerald Reischl
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- Department of Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Rupert Handgretinger
- University Childrens Hospital, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernd J Pichler
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang M Thaiss
- Werner Siemens Imaging Center, Department of Preclinical Imaging and Radiopharmacy, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Practical Guidelines for Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging with Clinically Relevant Isotopes. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1790:197-208. [PMID: 29858793 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7860-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is a relatively new imaging modality that utilizes conventional optical imaging instrumentation to detect Cerenkov radiation derived from standard and often clinically approved radiotracers. Its research versatility, low cost, and ease of use have increased its popularity within the molecular imaging community and at institutions that are interested in conducting radiotracer-based molecular imaging research, but that lack the necessary resources and infrastructure. Here, we provide a description of the materials and procedures necessary to conduct a Cerenkov luminescence imaging experiment using a variety of imaging instrumentation, radionuclides, and animal models.
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Das S, Haedicke K, Grimm J. Cerenkov-Activated Sticky Tag for In Vivo Fluorescence Imaging. J Nucl Med 2017; 59:58-65. [PMID: 28912146 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.117.198549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A big challenge in the clinical use of Cerenkov luminescence (CL) imaging is its low signal intensity, which is several orders of magnitude below ambient light. Consequently, highly sensitive cameras, sufficient shielding from background light, and long acquisition times are required. To alleviate this problem, we hypothesized a strategy to convert the weak CL signal into a stronger fluorescence signal by using CL-activated formation of nitrenes from azides to locally fix a fluorescent probe in tissue by the formation of a covalent bond. CL-activated drug delivery was also evaluated using the same azide chemistry. The specific delivery of the CL-activated drug to cancer cells could reduce systemic toxicity, which is a limitation in chemotherapy. Methods: A cyanine-class near-infrared fluorescent dye, Cy7, and doxorubicin were synthetically attached to polyfluorinated aryl azide to form Cy7 azide and DOX azide, respectively. Fibrosarcoma cells were incubated with 18F-FDG and exposed to Cy7 azide with subsequent fluorescence imaging. For CL-activated tagging in vivo, tumor-bearing mice were injected first with 90Y-DOTA-RGD, targeting αvβ3 integrins, and then with the Cy7 azide. Fluorescence signal was imaged over time. Breast cancer cells were incubated with DOX azide and 68Ga, after which cell viability was quantified using an assay. Results: CL photoactivation of Cy7 azide in vitro showed significantly higher fluorescence signal from 18F-FDG-treated than untreated cells. In vivo, CL photoactivation could be shown by using the tumor-specific, integrin-targeting 90Y-DOTA-RGD and the localized activation of Cy7 azide. Here, localized CL-induced fluorescence was detected in the tumors and remained significantly higher over several days than in tumors without CL. We also established as a next step CL-activated drug delivery of DOX azide by showing significantly decreasing cell viability of breast cancer cells in a CL dose-dependent manner in vitro using CL photoactivation of DOX azide. Conclusion: We were able to develop a CL-activated "sticky tag" that converts the low CL signal into a stable and long-lasting, highly intense fluorescence signal. This fluorescent footprint of the radioactive signal might be clinically used for intraoperative surgery. The CL-targeted drug delivery strategy may potentially be used for dual-step targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudeep Das
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Katja Haedicke
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Jan Grimm
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York .,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.,Pharmacology Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York; and.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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Heinzmann K, Carter LM, Lewis JS, Aboagye EO. Multiplexed imaging for diagnosis and therapy. Nat Biomed Eng 2017; 1:697-713. [PMID: 31015673 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-017-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complex molecular and metabolic phenotypes depict cancers as a constellation of different diseases with common themes. Precision imaging of such phenotypes requires flexible and tunable modalities capable of identifying phenotypic fingerprints by using a restricted number of parameters while ensuring sensitivity to dynamic biological regulation. Common phenotypes can be detected by in vivo imaging technologies, and effectively define the emerging standards for disease classification and patient stratification in radiology. However, for the imaging data to accurately represent a complex fingerprint, the individual imaging parameters need to be measured and analysed in relation to their wider spatial and molecular context. In this respect, targeted palettes of molecular imaging probes facilitate the detection of heterogeneity in oncogene-driven alterations and their response to treatment, and lead to the expansion of rational-design elements for the combination of imaging experiments. In this Review, we evaluate criteria for conducting multiplexed imaging, and discuss its opportunities for improving patient diagnosis and the monitoring of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Heinzmann
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lukas M Carter
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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Quantitative Measurement of the Thyroid Uptake Function of Mouse by Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5717. [PMID: 28720762 PMCID: PMC5515839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) has been an evolutional and alternative approach of nuclear imaging in basic research. This study aimed to measure the 131I thyroid uptake of mouse using CLI for assessment of thyroid function. Quantification of 131I thyroid uptake of mice in euthyroid, hypothyroid and hyperthyroid status was performed by CLI and γ-scintigraphy at 24 hours after injection of 131I. The 131I thyroid uptake was calculated using the equation: (thyroid counts − background counts)/(counts of injected dose of 131I) × 100%. Serum T4 concentration was determined to evaluate the thyroid function. The radioactivity of 131I was linearly correlated with the CL signals in both in vitro and in vivo measurements. CLI showed a significant decrease and increase of 131I thyroid uptake in the mice in hypo- and hyperfunctioning status, respectively, and highly correlated with that measured by γ-scintigraphy. However, the percent thyroid uptake measured by CLI were one-fifth of those measured by γ-scintigraphy due to insufficient tissue penetration of CL. These results indicate that CLI, in addition to nuclear imaging, is able to image and evaluate the 131I thyroid uptake function in mice in preclinical and research settings.
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Abstract
The fields of biomedical nanotechnology and theranostics have enjoyed exponential growth in recent years. The "Molecular Imaging in Nanotechnology and Theranostics" (MINT) Interest Group of the World Molecular Imaging Society (WMIS) was created in order to provide a more organized and focused forum on these topics within the WMIS and at the World Molecular Imaging Conference (WMIC). The interest group was founded in 2015 and was officially inaugurated during the 2016 WMIC. The overarching goal of MINT is to bring together the many scientists who work on molecular imaging approaches using nanotechnology and those that work on theranostic agents. MINT therefore represents scientists, labs, and institutes that are very diverse in their scientific backgrounds and areas of expertise, reflecting the wide array of materials and approaches that drive these fields. In this short review, we attempt to provide a condensed overview over some of the key areas covered by MINT. Given the breadth of the fields and the given space constraints, we have limited the coverage to the realm of nanoconstructs, although theranostics is certainly not limited to this domain. We will also focus only on the most recent developments of the last 3-5 years, in order to provide the reader with an intuition of what is "in the pipeline" and has potential for clinical translation in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysafis Andreou
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Suchetan Pal
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lara Rotter
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jiang Yang
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Moritz F Kircher
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Center for Molecular Imaging and Nanotechnology (CMINT), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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38
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Grootendorst MR, Cariati M, Pinder SE, Kothari A, Douek M, Kovacs T, Hamed H, Pawa A, Nimmo F, Owen J, Ramalingam V, Sethi S, Mistry S, Vyas K, Tuch DS, Britten A, Van Hemelrijck M, Cook GJ, Sibley-Allen C, Allen S, Purushotham A. Intraoperative Assessment of Tumor Resection Margins in Breast-Conserving Surgery Using 18F-FDG Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging: A First-in-Human Feasibility Study. J Nucl Med 2017; 58:891-898. [PMID: 27932562 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.181032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In early-stage breast cancer, the primary treatment option for most women is breast-conserving surgery (BCS). There is a clear need for more accurate techniques to assess resection margins intraoperatively, because on average 20% of patients require further surgery to achieve clear margins. Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) combines optical and molecular imaging by detecting light emitted by 18F-FDG. Its high-resolution and small size imaging equipment make CLI a promising technology for intraoperative margin assessment. A first-in-human study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of 18F-FDG CLI for intraoperative assessment of tumor margins in BCS. Methods: Twenty-two patients with invasive breast cancer received 18F-FDG (5 MBq/kg) 45-60 min before surgery. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was performed using an increased 99mTc-nanocolloid activity of 150 MBq to facilitate nodal detection against the γ-probe background signal (cross-talk) from 18F-FDG. The cross-talk and 99mTc dose required was evaluated in 2 lead-in studies. Immediately after excision, specimens were imaged intraoperatively in an investigational CLI system. The first 10 patients were used to optimize the imaging protocol; the remaining 12 patients were included in the analysis dataset. Cerenkov luminescence images from incised BCS specimens were analyzed postoperatively by 2 surgeons blinded to the histopathology results, and mean radiance and margin distance were measured. The agreement between margin distance on CLI and histopathology was assessed. Radiation doses to staff were measured. Results: Ten of the 12 patients had an elevated tumor radiance on CLI. Mean radiance and tumor-to-background ratio were 560 ± 160 photons/s/cm2/sr and 2.41 ± 0.54, respectively. All 15 assessable margins were clear on CLI and histopathology. The agreement in margin distance and interrater agreement was good (κ = 0.81 and 0.912, respectively). Sentinel lymph nodes were successfully detected in all patients. The radiation dose to staff was low; surgeons received a mean dose of 34 ± 15 μSv per procedure. Conclusion: Intraoperative 18F-FDG CLI is a promising, low-risk technique for intraoperative assessment of tumor margins in BCS. A randomized controlled trial will evaluate the impact of this technique on reexcision rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten R Grootendorst
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Massimiliano Cariati
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah E Pinder
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ashutosh Kothari
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Douek
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tibor Kovacs
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hisham Hamed
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amit Pawa
- Anesthetic Department, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fiona Nimmo
- Day Surgery Unit, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Julie Owen
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Vernie Ramalingam
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sweta Sethi
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjay Mistry
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kunal Vyas
- Sagentia Ltd., Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - David S Tuch
- Lightpoint Medical Ltd., Chesham, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Britten
- Medical Physics Department, St George's Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gary J Cook
- Division of Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - Chris Sibley-Allen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Allen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arnie Purushotham
- Division of Cancer Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Breast Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Ciarrocchi E, Belcari N. Cerenkov luminescence imaging: physics principles and potential applications in biomedical sciences. EJNMMI Phys 2017; 4:14. [PMID: 28283990 PMCID: PMC5346099 DOI: 10.1186/s40658-017-0181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is a novel imaging modality to study charged particles with optical methods by detecting the Cerenkov luminescence produced in tissue. This paper first describes the physical processes that govern the production and transport in tissue of Cerenkov luminescence. The detectors used for CLI and their most relevant specifications to optimize the acquisition of the Cerenkov signal are then presented, and CLI is compared with the other optical imaging modalities sharing the same data acquisition and processing methods. Finally, the scientific work related to CLI and the applications for which CLI has been proposed are reviewed. The paper ends with some considerations about further perspectives for this novel imaging modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ciarrocchi
- Department of Physics "E. Fermi", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. .,INFN, section of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Nicola Belcari
- Department of Physics "E. Fermi", University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,INFN, section of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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40
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Kim K, Zhang H, La Rosa S, Jebiwott S, Desai P, Kimm S, Scherz A, O'Donoghue JA, Weber WA, Coleman JA. Bombesin Antagonist-Based Radiotherapy of Prostate Cancer Combined with WST-11 Vascular Targeted Photodynamic Therapy. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:3343-3351. [PMID: 28108545 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: DOTA-AR, a bombesin-antagonist peptide, has potential clinical application for targeted imaging and therapy in gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPr)-positive malignancies when conjugated with a radioisotope such as 90Y. This therapeutic potential is limited by the fast washout of the conjugates from the target tumors. WST-11 (Weizmann STeba-11 drug; a negatively charged water-soluble palladium-bacteriochlorophyll derivative, Tookad Soluble) vascular targeted photodynamic therapy (VTP) is a local ablation approach recently approved for use in early-stage prostate cancer. It generates reactive oxygen/nitrogen species within tumor blood vessels, resulting in their instantaneous destruction followed by rapid tumor necrosis. We hypothesize that the instantaneous arrest of tumor vasculature may provide a means to trap radiopharmaceuticals within the tumor, thereby improving the efficacy of targeted radiotherapy.Experimental Design: GRPr-positive prostate cancer xenografts (PC-3 and VCaP) were treated with 90Y-DOTA-AR with or without VTP. The uptake of radioisotopes was monitored by Cherenkov luminescence imaging (CLI). The therapeutic efficacy of the combined VTP and 90Y-DOTA-AR in PC-3 xenografts was assessed.Results: CLI of 90Y-DOTA-AR demonstrated longer retention of radiotracer within the VTP-treated PC-3 xenografts compared with the non-VTP-treated ones (P < 0.05) at all time points (24-144 hours) after 90Y-DOTA-AR injection. A similar pattern of retention was observed in VCaP xenografts. When 90Y-DOTA-AR administration was combined with VTP, tumor growth delay was significantly longer than for the control or the monotherapy groups.Conclusions: Tumor vascular arrest by VTP improves 90Y-DOTA-AR retention in the tumor microenvironment thereby enhancing therapeutic efficacy. Clin Cancer Res; 23(13); 3343-51. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwanghee Kim
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Hanwen Zhang
- Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Stephen La Rosa
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Sylvia Jebiwott
- Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Pooja Desai
- Radiochemistry and Imaging Sciences Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Simon Kimm
- Urology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Stanford, California
| | - Avigdor Scherz
- Plant Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Joseph A O'Donoghue
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Molecular Imaging and Therapy Services, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
| | - Jonathan A Coleman
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York.
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41
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Zhao Y, Shaffer TM, Das S, Pérez-Medina C, Mulder WJM, Grimm J. Near-Infrared Quantum Dot and 89Zr Dual-Labeled Nanoparticles for in Vivo Cerenkov Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:600-608. [PMID: 28026929 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cerenkov luminescence (CL) is an emerging imaging modality that utilizes the light generated during the radioactive decay of many clinical used isotopes. Although it is increasingly used for background-free imaging and deep tissue photodynamic therapy, in vivo applications of CL suffer from limited tissue penetration. Here, we propose to use quantum dots (QDs) as spectral converters that can transfer the CL UV-blue emissions to near-infrared light that is less scattered or absorbed in vivo. Experiments on tissue phantoms showed enhanced penetration depth and increased transmitted intensity for CL in the presence of near-infrared (NIR) QDs. To realize this concept for in vivo imaging applications, we developed three types of NIR QDs and 89Zr dual-labeled nanoparticles based on lipid micelles, nanoemulsions, and polymeric nanoplatforms, which enable codelivery of the radionuclide and the QDs for maximized spectral conversion efficiency. We finally demonstrated the application of these self-illuminating nanoparticles for imaging of lymph nodes and tumors in a prostate cancer mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhao
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Travis M Shaffer
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York, New York 10065, United States
| | | | - Carlos Pérez-Medina
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Willem J M Mulder
- Translational and Molecular Imaging Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Grimm
- Pharmacology Program & Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University , New York, New York 10065, United States
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42
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Kamkaew A, Cheng L, Goel S, Valdovinos HF, Barnhart TE, Liu Z, Cai W. Cerenkov Radiation Induced Photodynamic Therapy Using Chlorin e6-Loaded Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:26630-26637. [PMID: 27657487 PMCID: PMC5061626 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b10255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) requires external light to activate photosensitizers for therapeutic purposes. However, the limited tissue penetration of light is still a major challenge for this method. To overcome this limitation, we report an optimized system that uses Cerenkov radiation for PDT by using radionuclides to activate a well-known photosensitizer (chlorin e6, Ce6). By taking advantage of hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) that can intrinsically radiolabel an oxophilic zirconium-89 (89Zr, t1/2 = 78.4 h) radionuclide, as well as possess great drug loading capacity, Ce6 can be activated by Cerenkov radiation from 89Zr in the same nanoconstruct. In vitro cell viability experiments demonstrated dose-dependent cell deconstruction as a function of the concentration of Ce6 and 89Zr. In vivo studies show inhibition of tumor growth when mice were subcutaneously injected with [89Zr]HMSN-Ce6, and histological analysis of the tumor section showed damage to tumor tissues, implying that reactive oxygen species mediated the destruction. This study offers a way to use an internal radiation source to achieve deep-seated tumor therapy without using any external light source for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyanee Kamkaew
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shreya Goel
- Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Hector F. Valdovinos
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Todd E. Barnhart
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Materials Science Program, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Centre, Madison, WI, USA
- Corresponding Author: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Room 7137, 1111 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705-2275. . Phone: 608-262-1749. Fax: 608-265-0614
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43
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Lu W, Hong H, Cai W. Radio-nanomaterials for biomedical applications: state of the art. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE 2016; 8:151-170. [PMID: 27482194 PMCID: PMC4963156 DOI: 10.1515/ejnm-2016-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The incorporation of radioactive isotope(s) into conventional nanomaterials can bring extra properties which are not possessed by original materials. The resulting radioactive nanomaterials (radio-nanomaterials), with added physical/chemical properties, can be used as important tools for different biomedical applications. In this review, our goal is to provide an up-to-date overview on these applications using radio-nanomaterials. The first section illustrates the utilization of radionanomaterials for understanding of in vivo kinetics of their parent nano-materials. In the second section, we focus on two primary applications of radio-nanomaterials: imaging and therapeutic delivery. With various methods being used to form radio-nanomaterials, they can be used for positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and multimodal imaging. Therapeutic isotopes-loading radio-nanomaterials can possess selective killing efficacy of diseased cells (e.g. tumor cells) and can provide promises for certain isotopes which are not able to be used in a conventional manner. The successful and versatile biomedical applications of radio-nanomaterials warrants further investigations of those materials and their optimizations can pave the way to future imaging guidable, personalized treatments in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifei Lu
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA; and College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agriculture University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450002, China
| | - Hao Hong
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan - Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA, , ,
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology and Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA; and University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, WI 53705-2275, USA, , ,
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Grootendorst MR, Cariati M, Kothari A, Tuch DS, Purushotham A. Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) for image-guided cancer surgery. Clin Transl Imaging 2016; 4:353-366. [PMID: 27738626 PMCID: PMC5037157 DOI: 10.1007/s40336-016-0183-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) is a novel molecular optical imaging technique based on the detection of optical Cerenkov photons emitted by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents. The ability to use clinically approved tumour-targeted tracers in combination with small-sized imaging equipment makes CLI a particularly interesting technique for image-guided cancer surgery. The past few years have witnessed a rapid increase in proof-of-concept preclinical studies in this field, and several clinical trials are currently underway. This article provides an overview of the basic principles of Cerenkov radiation and outlines the challenges of CLI-guided surgery for clinical use. The preclinical and clinical trial literature is examined including applications focussed on image-guided lymph node detection and Cerenkov luminescence endoscopy, and the ongoing clinical studies and technological developments are highlighted. By intraoperatively guiding the oncosurgeon towards more accurate and complete resections, CLI has the potential to transform current surgical practice, and improve oncological and cosmetic outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. R. Grootendorst
- Department of Research Oncology, 3rd Floor Bermondsey Wing, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
- Department of Breast Surgery, 3rd Floor Tower Wing, Guy’s Hospital, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - M. Cariati
- Department of Research Oncology, 3rd Floor Bermondsey Wing, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
- Department of Breast Surgery, 3rd Floor Tower Wing, Guy’s Hospital, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - A. Kothari
- Department of Breast Surgery, 3rd Floor Tower Wing, Guy’s Hospital, London, SE1 9RT UK
| | - D. S. Tuch
- Lightpoint Medical Ltd, The Island, Moor Road, HP5 1NZ Chesham, UK
| | - A. Purushotham
- Department of Research Oncology, 3rd Floor Bermondsey Wing, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT UK
- Department of Breast Surgery, 3rd Floor Tower Wing, Guy’s Hospital, London, SE1 9RT UK
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Kamkaew A, Chen F, Zhan Y, Majewski RL, Cai W. Scintillating Nanoparticles as Energy Mediators for Enhanced Photodynamic Therapy. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3918-35. [PMID: 27043181 PMCID: PMC4846476 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Achieving effective treatment of deep-seated tumors is a major challenge for traditional photodynamic therapy (PDT) due to difficulties in delivering light into the subsurface. Thanks to their great tissue penetration, X-rays hold the potential to become an ideal excitation source for activating photosensitizers (PS) that accumulate in deep tumor tissue. Recently, a wide variety of nanoparticles have been developed for this purpose. The nanoparticles are designed as carriers for loading various kinds of PSs and can facilitate the activation process by transferring energy harvested from X-ray irradiation to the loaded PS. In this review, we focus on recent developments of nanoscintillators with high energy transfer efficiency, their rational designs, as well as potential applications in next-generation PDT. Treatment of deep-seated tumors by using radioisotopes as an internal light source will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anyanee Kamkaew
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Corresponding Author: Feng Chen: ; Weibo Cai:
| | - Yonghua Zhan
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging of the Ministry of Education & School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Rebecca L. Majewski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
| | - Weibo Cai
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, United States
- Corresponding Author: Feng Chen: ; Weibo Cai:
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van Leeuwen FWB, Valdés-Olmos R, Buckle T, Vidal-Sicart S. Hybrid surgical guidance based on the integration of radionuclear and optical technologies. Br J Radiol 2016; 89:20150797. [PMID: 26943463 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With the evolution of imaging technologies and tracers, the applications for nuclear molecular imaging are growing rapidly. For example, nuclear medicine is increasingly being used to guide surgical resections in complex anatomical locations. Here, a future workflow is envisioned that uses a combination of pre-operative diagnostics, navigation and intraoperative guidance. Radioguidance can provide means for pre-operative and intraoperative identification of "hot" lesions, forming the basis of a virtual data set that can be used for navigation. Luminescence guidance has shown great potential in the intraoperative setting by providing optical feedback, in some cases even in real time. Both of these techniques have distinct drawbacks, which include inaccuracy in areas that contain a background signal (radioactivity) or a limited degree of signal penetration (luminescence). We, and others, have reasoned that hybrid/multimodal approaches that integrate the use of these complementary modalities may help overcome their individual weaknesses. Ultimately, this will lead to advancement of the field of interventional molecular imaging/image-guided surgery. In this review, an overview of clinically applied hybrid surgical guidance technologies is given, whereby the focus is placed on tracers and hardware.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fijs W B van Leeuwen
- 1 Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Renato Valdés-Olmos
- 1 Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.,2 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- 1 Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Sergi Vidal-Sicart
- 3 Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Pandya DN, Hantgan R, Budzevich MM, Kock ND, Morse DL, Batista I, Mintz A, Li KC, Wadas TJ. Preliminary Therapy Evaluation of (225)Ac-DOTA-c(RGDyK) Demonstrates that Cerenkov Radiation Derived from (225)Ac Daughter Decay Can Be Detected by Optical Imaging for In Vivo Tumor Visualization. Theranostics 2016; 6:698-709. [PMID: 27022417 PMCID: PMC4805664 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The theranostic potential of 225Ac-based radiopharmaceuticals continues to increase as researchers seek innovative ways to harness the nuclear decay of this radioisotope for therapeutic and imaging applications. This communication describes the evaluation of 225Ac-DOTA-c(RGDyK) in both biodistribution and Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) studies. Initially, La-DOTA-c(RGDyK) was prepared as a non-radioactive surrogate to evaluate methodologies that would contribute to an optimized radiochemical synthetic strategy and estimate the radioactive conjugate's affinity for αvβ3, using surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy. Surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy studies revealed the IC50 and Ki of La-DOTA-c(RGDyK) to be 33 ± 13 nM and 26 ± 11 nM, respectively, and suggest that the complexation of the La3+ ion to the conjugate did not significantly alter integrin binding. Furthermore, use of this surrogate allowed optimization of radiochemical synthesis strategies to prepare 225Ac-DOTA-c(RGDyK) with high radiochemical purity and specific activity similar to other 225Ac-based radiopharmaceuticals. This radiopharmaceutical was highly stable in vitro. In vivo biodistribution studies confirmed the radiotracer's ability to target αvβ3 integrin with specificity; specificity was detected in tumor-bearing animals using Cerenkov luminescence imaging. Furthermore, tumor growth control was achieved using non-toxic doses of the radiopharmaceutical in U87mg tumor-bearing nude mice. To our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the CLI of αvβ3+ tumors in live animals using the daughter products derived from 225Ac decay in situ. This concept holds promise to further enhance development of targeted alpha particle therapy.
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Kaittanis C, Shaffer TM, Bolaender A, Appelbaum Z, Appelbaum J, Chiosis G, Grimm J. Multifunctional MRI/PET Nanobeacons Derived from the in Situ Self-Assembly of Translational Polymers and Clinical Cargo through Coalescent Intermolecular Forces. NANO LETTERS 2015; 15:8032-43. [PMID: 26540670 PMCID: PMC4703344 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5b03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Novel multifunctional platforms are needed for oncology in order to assist physicians during surgery and chemotherapy. In the present study, we show that polymeric nanobeacons, consisting of the glucose-based polymer dextran, can be used to guide surgery and improve drug delivery. For imaging, the nanobeacons stably retained the positron emitter 89-zirconium and the MRI contrast agent gadolinium, without the need of a chelator. In addition to using them for PET imaging, the (89)Zr-nanobeacons guided the surgical resection of sentinel lymph nodes, utilizing their inherent Cerenkov luminescence. Through weak electrostatic interactions, the nanoparticles carried combinations of chemotherapeutics for the simultaneous inhibition of oncogenic pathways, resulting in enhanced tumor regression. The nanobeacons also allowed monitoring of drug release via MRI, through the quenching of the gadolinium signal by the coloaded drug, making them a new multifunctional theranostic nanotechnology platform for the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Kaittanis
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Center for Advanced Medical Imaging Sciences, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Travis M. Shaffer
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College and Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Alexander Bolaender
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Zachary Appelbaum
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jeremy Appelbaum
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Gabriela Chiosis
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jan Grimm
- Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
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