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Marschall MJM, Ringseis R, Gessner DK, Grundmann SM, Most E, Wen G, Maheshwari G, Zorn H, Eder K. Effect of Ecdysterone on the Hepatic Transcriptome and Lipid Metabolism in Lean and Obese Zucker Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5241. [PMID: 34063487 PMCID: PMC8156757 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conflicting reports exist with regard to the effect of ecdysterone, the predominating representative of steroid hormones in insects and plants, on hepatic and plasma lipid concentrations in different rodent models of obesity, fatty liver, and diabetes, indicating that the effect is dependent on the rodent model used. Here, the hypothesis was tested for the first time that ecdysterone causes lipid-lowering effects in genetically obese Zucker rats. To test this hypothesis, two groups of male obese Zucker rats (n = 8) were fed a nutrient-adequate diet supplemented without or with 0.5 g ecdysterone per kg diet. To study further if ecdysterone is capable of alleviating the strong lipid-synthetic activity in the liver of obese Zucker rats, the study included also two groups of male lean Zucker rats (n = 8) which also received either the ecdysterone-supplemented or the non-supplemented diet. While hepatic and plasma concentrations of triglycerides and cholesterol were markedly higher in the obese compared to the lean rats (p < 0.05), hepatic and plasma triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations did not differ between rats of the same genotype fed the diets without or with ecdysterone. In conclusion, the present study clearly shows that ecdysterone supplementation does not exhibit lipid-lowering actions in the liver and plasma of lean and obese Zucker rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena J. M. Marschall
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
| | - Robert Ringseis
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
| | - Denise K. Gessner
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
| | - Sarah M. Grundmann
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
| | - Erika Most
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
| | - Gaiping Wen
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
| | - Garima Maheshwari
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Holger Zorn
- Institute of Food Chemistry and Food Biotechnology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus Eder
- Institute of Animal Nutrition and Nutrition Physiology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (M.J.M.M.); (D.K.G.); (S.M.G.); (E.M.); (G.W.); (G.M.); (K.E.)
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Richard DS, Gilbert LI. Reversible juvenile hormone inhibition of ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone synthesis by the ring gland of Drosophila melanogaster. EXPERIENTIA 1991; 47:1063-6. [PMID: 1936204 DOI: 10.1007/bf01923343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Juvenile hormone bisepoxide (JHB3) and juvenile hormone III (JH III) both inhibited the in vitro production of ecdysteroids by ring glands and brain-ring gland complexes from third instar post-feeding larvae of Drosophila melanogaster in a reversible manner, although JHB3 had greater efficacy. The JH III and JHB3 precursor, methyl farnesoate, did not affect ecdysteroid production. The in vitro synthesis of total detectable JH (JHB3 + JH III + methyl farnesoate) by the corpus allatum portion of the isolated ring gland was also inhibited reversibly in the presence of exogenous JHB3 and JH III, but not by methyl farnesoate. These data indicating negative feedback are in agreement with the accepted dogma of endocrine gland regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Richard
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-3280
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Richard DS, Applebaum SW, Sliter TJ, Baker FC, Schooley DA, Reuter CC, Henrich VC, Gilbert LI. Juvenile hormone bisepoxide biosynthesis in vitro by the ring gland of Drosophila melanogaster: a putative juvenile hormone in the higher Diptera. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1989; 86:1421-5. [PMID: 2493154 PMCID: PMC286704 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.86.4.1421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The in vitro production of juvenile hormone (JH) was investigated by using isolated ring glands from third instar Drosophila melanogaster. A JH-like molecule is secreted that comigrates with a synthetic sample of methyl 6,7;10,11-bisepoxy-3,7,11-trimethyl-(2E)-dodecenoate (JHB3) during TLC, liquid chromatography, and GC analysis. Purified product from farnesoic acid-stimulated ring glands was analyzed by electron impact GC/MS and gave a mass spectrum identical to synthetic JHB3. Additional structure confirmation was obtained following conversion of product from unstimulated biosynthesis to a derivative that comigrated on liquid chromatography with the derivative prepared from synthetic JHB3. Physiological studies revealed that JHB3 is produced solely by the corpus allatum portion of the ring gland in vitro. Isolated ring glands from other cyclorrhaphous dipteran larvae also produce JHB3 almost exclusively in vitro. Corpora allata from mosquito larvae, however, produce only JH III, indicating that JHB3 production may be restricted to the higher Diptera. Topically applied synthetic JHB3 caused developmental responses in newly formed D. melanogaster white puparia similar to those obtained with JH III. The data suggest that JHB3 is a fly juvenile hormone.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Richard
- Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-3280
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