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Demian MD, Amasiorah VI, Johnson TO, Ebenyi LN. Phytochemical identification and in silico elucidation of interactions of bioactive compounds from Citrullus lanatus with androgen receptor towards prostate cancer treatment. In Silico Pharmacol 2024; 12:27. [PMID: 38596366 PMCID: PMC10999405 DOI: 10.1007/s40203-024-00193-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Androgen receptor (AR) is known to play a crucial role in the development and progression of prostate cancer, and compounds that inhibit its activity are regarded as promising for the development of drugs to treat the disease. This study aimed to investigate the AR-inhibiting potential of Citrullus lanatus fruit compounds for prostate cancer drug development. Following HPLC identification, the binding energies, molecular interactions, and pharmacological potentials of the compounds against AR were elucidated using in silico techniques such as, molecular docking, induced-fit docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and ADMET prediction. Some of the compounds found to be present in Citrullus lanatus fruit included flavonoids such as proanthocyanin, naringin, flavan 3 ol, flavonones, naringenin, epicatechin, citrulline, and catechin. Naringenin exhibited the highest docking score in the molecular docking analysis, followed by resveratrol, ribalinidine, and epicatechin. These compounds share a common AR binding site with the standard ligand, dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Some of the compounds showed favorable ADMET profiles, while others showed at least one toxicity potential. The induced-fit docking of naringenin with AR yielded a higher docking score than the initial score obtained from standard docking while preserving stable molecular contacts with the interacting amino acids. Consistent hydrogen bond interactions of naringenin with PHE 764, ASN 705, and THR 877 of AR, including a persistent pi-pi stacking contact with PHE 764, were observed from the molecular dynamic simulation. The Citrullus lanatus compounds, particularly naringenin, may therefore be considered for further research towards the development of drugs for prostate cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Titilayo Omolara Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Lilian N. Ebenyi
- Department of Biotechnology, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State Nigeria
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Elnosary ME, Shreadah MA, Ashour ML, Nabil-Adam A. Predictions based on inflammatory cytokine profiling of Egyptian COVID-19 with 2 potential therapeutic effects of certain marine-derived compounds. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111072. [PMID: 38006751 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS A worldwide coronavirus pandemic has affected many healthcare systems in 2019 (COVID-19). Following viral activation, cytokines and chemokines are released, causing inflammation and tissue death, particularly in the lungs, resulting in severe COVID-19 symptoms such as pneumonia and ARDS. COVID-19 induces the release of several chemokines and cytokines in different organs, such as the cardiovascular system and lungs. RESEARCH IDEA COVID-19 and its more severe effects, such as an elevated risk of death, are more common in patients with metabolic syndrome and the elderly. Cytokine storm and COVID-19 severity may be mitigated by immunomodulation targeting NF-κB activation in conjunction with TNF- α -inhibition. In severe cases of COVID-19, inhibiting the NF-κB/TNF- α, the pathway may be employed as a therapeutic option. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study will elaborate on the Egyptian pattern for COVID-19 patients in the first part of our study. An Egyptian patient with COVID-19 inflammatory profiling will be discussed in the second part of this article using approved marine drugs selected to inhabit the significant inflammatory signals. A biomarker profiling study is currently being performed on Egyptian patients with SARS-COV-2. According to the severity of the infection, participants were divided into four groups. The First Group was non-infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Control, n = 16), the Second Group was non-intensive care patients (non-ICU, n = 16), the Third Group was intensive care patients (ICU, n = 16), and the Fourth Group was ICU with endotracheal intubation (ICU + EI, n = 16). To investigate COVID-19 inflammatory biomarkers for Egyptian patients, several inflammatory, oxidative, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory biomarkers were measured. The following are examples of blood tests: CRP, Ferritin, D-dimer, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6., IL-Ib, CD8, NF-κB, MDA, and total antioxidants. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The results of the current study revealed many logical findings, such as the elevation of CRP, Ferritin, D-dimer, TNF- α, CD8, IL-6, IL-, NF-κB, and MDA. Where a significant increase showed in ICU group results (23.05 ± 0.30, 2.35 ± 0.86, 433.4 ± 159.3, 26.67 ± 3.51, 7.52 ± 1.48, 7.49 ± 1.04, 5.76 ± 1.31, 7.41 ± 0.73) respectively, and also ICU group results (54.75 ± 3.44, 0.65 ± 0.13, 460.2 ± 121.42, 27.43 ± 2.52, 8.63 ± 2.68, 10.65 ± 2.75, 5.93 ± 1.4, 10.64 ± 0.86) respectively, as well as ICU + EI group results (117.63 ± 11.89, 1.22 ± 0.65, 918.8 ± 159.27, 26.68 ± 2.00, 6.68 ± 1.08, 11.68 ± 6.16, 6.23 ± 0.07, 22.41 ± 1.39),respectively.The elevation in laboratory biomarkers of cytokines storm in three infected groups with remarkable increases in the ICU + EI group was due to the elevation of oxidative stress and inflammatory storm molecules, which lead to highly inflammatory responses, specifically in severe patients of COVID-19. Another approach to be used in the current study is investigating new computational drug compounds for SARS-COV-2 protective agents from the marine environment. The results revealed that (Imatinib and Indinavir) had the highest affinity toward Inflammatory molecules and COVID-19 proteins (PDB ID: -7CZ4 and 7KJR), which may be used in the future as possible COVID-19 drug candidates. CONCLUSION The investigated inflammatory biomarkers in Egyptian COVID-19 patients showed a strong correlation between IL6, TNF-α, NF-κB, CRB, DHL, and ferritin as COVID-19 biomarkers and determined the severity of the infection. Also, the oxidative /antioxidant showed good biomarkers for infection recovery and progression of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Elnosary
- Al-Azhar University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Attia Shreadah
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Egypt
| | - Mohamed L Ashour
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo 11566, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Asmaa Nabil-Adam
- Marine Biotechnology and Natural Products Laboratory, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Egypt.
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Johnson TO, Adegboyega AE, Johnson GI, Umedum NL, Bamidele OD, Elekan AO, Tarkaa CT, Mahe A, Abdulrahman A, Adeyemi OE, Okafor D, Yusuf AJ, Atewolara-Odule OC, Ogunmoye AO, Ishaya T. Uncovering the inhibitory potentials of Phyllanthus nivosus leaf and its bioactive compounds against Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase for malaria therapy. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9787-9796. [PMID: 36411736 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2146750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Malaria control efforts have been hampered due to the emergence of resistant malaria parasite strains and the coinciding events of Covid-19. The quest for more effective and safe treatment alternatives is driving a slew of new studies that must be accelerated if malaria can be overcome. Due to its reported antimalarial activity, we studied the effects of extract and fractions of Phyllanthus nivosus leaf on Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) activity using an in vitro assay. This was followed by an anti-plasmodial study using Plasmodium berghei-infected mice and an in silico identification of the plant's phytochemicals with possible pLDH-inhibitory activity. The activity of pLDH was significantly reduced in the presence of ethanol extract and various solvent fractions of Phyllanthus nivosus leaf, with the ethyl acetate fraction having the best inhibitory activity, which was comparable to that of the standard drug (chloroquine). The ethyl acetate fraction at 100 and 200 mg/Kg also suppressed the parasitaemia of Plasmodium berghei-infected mice by 76 and 80% respectively. Among the 53 compounds docked against pLDH, (-)-alpha-Cadinol, (+)-alpha-phellandrene, and spathulenol, all terpenes from the ethyl acetate fraction of P. nivosus leaf extract, demonstrated docking scores comparable to that of chloroquine. The three chemicals, like chloroquine, displayed important molecular interactions with the amino acid residues of the enzyme's NADH-binding site. According to the in silico ADMET study, the three terpenes have suitable drug-like abilities, pharmacokinetic features, and safety profiles. Hence, they could be considered for further development as antimalarial drugs.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titilayo Omolara Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Jaris Computational Biology Center, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Abayomi Emmanuel Adegboyega
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Jaris Computational Biology Center, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Grace I Johnson
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Jaris Computational Biology Center, Jos, Nigeria
- College of Health Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Ngozi L Umedum
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - Olasunkanmi D Bamidele
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Ayodele O Elekan
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Nigeria
| | - Christopher T Tarkaa
- Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Asma'u Mahe
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University, Dutse, Jigawa State, Nigeria
| | - Adamu Abdulrahman
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Drug Development, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Olugbenga E Adeyemi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Desmond Okafor
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Amina J Yusuf
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Tanko Ishaya
- Department of Computer Science, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
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Johnson TO, Adeyemi OE, Adegboyega AE, Olomu SA, Enokela F, Ibrahim S, Gwantu B, Afolayan B, Stephen K, Eseola AO, Plass W, Adeyemi OS. Elucidation of the anti-plasmodial activity of novel imidazole and oxazole compounds through computational and in vivo experimental approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:9013-9021. [PMID: 36310100 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2139761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The development of resistance to conventional antimalarial therapies, along with the unfavorable impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global malaria fight, necessitates a greater focus on the search for more effective antimalarial drugs. Targeting a specific enzyme of the malaria parasite to alter its metabolic pathways is a reliable technique for finding antimalarial drug candidates. In this study, we used an in silico technique to test four novel imidazoles and an oxazole derivative for inhibitory potential against Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH), a unique glycolytic enzyme necessary for parasite survival and energy production. The promising imidazole compounds and the oxazole derivative were then tested for anti-plasmodial efficacy in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. With a binding energy of -6.593 kcal/mol, IM-3 had the best docking score against pLDH, which is close to that of NADH (-6.758 kcal/mol) and greater than that of chloroquine (-3.917 kcal/mol). The test compounds occupied the enzyme's NADH binding site, with IM-3 forming four hydrogen bonds with Thr-101, Pro-246, His-195 and Asn-140. Infected mice treatment with IM-3, IM-4 and OX-1 exhibited significantly reduced parasitemia over a four-day treatment period when compared to the infected untreated animals. At 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, IM-3 demonstrated the highest anti-plasmodial activity, suppressing parasitemia by 86.13, 97.71 and 94.11%, respectively. PCV levels were restored by IM-3 and IM-4, and the three selected compounds reduced the lipid peroxidation induced by P. berghei infection in mice. Thus, these compounds may be considered for further development as antimalarial medicines.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Segun Afolabi Olomu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Festus Enokela
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Sherifat Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Bernard Gwantu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Bukola Afolayan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Kamo Stephen
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria
| | - Abiodun Omokehinde Eseola
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Oluyomi Stephen Adeyemi
- Landmark University SDG 3 (Good Health & Well-being Research Group), Landmark University, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Medicinal Biochemistry and Toxicology Laboratory, Landmark University, Nigeria
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Gunaseelan S, Arunkumar M, Aravind MK, Gayathri S, Rajkeerthana S, Mohankumar V, Ashokkumar B, Varalakshmi P. Probing marine brown macroalgal phlorotannins as antiviral candidate against SARS-CoV-2: molecular docking and dynamics simulation approach. Mol Divers 2022; 26:3205-3224. [PMID: 35152367 PMCID: PMC9636370 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10383-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Over the past year, owing to the emergent demand for the search for potential COVID-19 therapeutics, identifying alternative candidates from biological sources is one of the sustainable ways to reinforce the drug discovery process. Marine macroalgae have numerous advantages because of the richest availability of underexploited bioactive compounds. Polyphenolic compounds like phlorotannins obtained from brown macroalgae are reported as proven antiviral and immunostimulatory agents. Thus, the present study evaluated the possibility of phlorotannins as antagonists to the multiple target proteins essential for SARS-CoV-2 replication. Twenty different types of potent phlorotannins were targeted against druggable target proteins, viz., 3CLpro, RdRp, and Spro using AutoDock molecular docking, drug-likeness were assessed by ADMET profiling (QikProp module). Further, validated with 200 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation (Desmond module) for the top-ranked phlorotannins based on docking binding affinities. Among the twenty phlorotannins studied, eckol hexacetate, phlorofucofuroeckol, fucofuroeckol, and bifuhalol-hexacetate showed significant binding affinities across the selected targets. Besides, MD simulations highlighted Glu166, Gln189, Cys145, and Thr190 tetrad as potential interaction sites to inhibit 3CLpro's activity. Moreover, phlorotannins were confirmed to be druglike, with no major deviation observed in ADMET-profiling. Hence, phlorotannins could be therapeutic candidates against SARS-CoV-2. However, further investigations are needed to prove its efficacy as an antiviral agent. Conclusively, this study may envisage that the novel finding could notably impact the advancement of antiviral interventions for COVID-19 in the near future. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11030-022-10383-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathaiah Gunaseelan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 021, India
| | - Malaisamy Arunkumar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi, India
| | - Manikka Kubendran Aravind
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Santhalingam Gayathri
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Senthil Rajkeerthana
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 021, India
| | - Verma Mohankumar
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 021, India
| | - Balasubramaniem Ashokkumar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Perumal Varalakshmi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625 021, India.
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