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Khodir SA, Imbaby S, Abdel Allem Amer MS, Atwa MM, Ashour FA, Elbaz AA. Effect of mesenchymal stem cells and melatonin on experimentally induced peripheral nerve injury in rats. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117015. [PMID: 38936196 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Injury of a peripheral nerve (PNI) leads to both ischemic and inflammatory alterations. Sciatic nerve injury (SNI) represents the most widely used model for PNI. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy (MSCs) has convenient properties on PNI by stimulating the nerve regeneration. Melatonin has cytoprotective activity. The neuroprotective characteristics of MSCs and melatonin separately or in combination remain a knowledge need. In the rats-challenged SNI, therapeutic roles of intralesional MSCs and intraperitoneal melatonin injections were evaluated by functional assessment of peripheral nerve regeneration by walking track analysis involving sciatic function index (SFI) and two electrophysiological tests, electromyography and nerve conduction velocity, as well as measurement of antioxidant markers in serum, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde, and mRNA expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in nerve tissues in addition to the histopathological evaluation of nerve tissue. Both individual and combination therapy with MSCs and melatonin therapies could effectively ameliorate this SNI and promote its regeneration as evidenced by improving the SFI and two electrophysiological tests and remarkable elevation of TAC with decline in lipid peroxidation and upregulation of BDNF levels. All of these led to functional improvement of the damaged nerve tissues and good recovery of the histopathological sections of sciatic nerve tissues suggesting multifactorial synergistic approach of the concurrent usage of melatonin and MSCs in PNI. The combination regimen has the most synergistic neuro-beneficial effects in PNI that should be used as therapeutic option in patients with PNI to boost their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan A Khodir
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Samar Imbaby
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | | | - Maha M Atwa
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Egypt
| | - Fawzy Ahmed Ashour
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Amani A Elbaz
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Gordon J, Borlongan CV. An update on stem cell therapy for stroke patients: Where are we now? J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024:271678X241227022. [PMID: 38639015 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x241227022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
With a foundation built upon initial work from the 1980s demonstrating graft viability in cerebral ischemia, stem cell transplantation has shown immense promise in promoting survival, enhancing neuroprotection and inducing neuroregeneration, while mitigating both histological and behavioral deficits that frequently accompany ischemic stroke. These findings have led to a number of clinical trials that have thoroughly supported a strong safety profile for stem cell therapy in patients but have generated variable efficacy. As preclinical evidence continues to expand through the investigation of new cell lines and optimization of stem cell delivery, it remains critical for translational models to adhere to the protocols established through basic scientific research. With the recent shift in approach towards utilization of stem cells as a conjunctive therapy alongside standard thrombolytic treatments, key issues including timing, route of administration, and stem cell type must each be appropriately translated from the laboratory in order to resolve the question of stem cell efficacy for cerebral ischemia that ultimately will enhance therapeutics for stroke patients towards improving quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah Gordon
- Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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3
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Oka S, Yamaki T, Sasaki M, Ukai R, Takemura M, Yokoyama T, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Onodera R, Ito YM, Kobayashi S, Kocsis JD, Iwadate Y, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of auto serum-expanded autologous mesenchymal stem cells in chronic brain injury patients: a study protocol for a Phase II trial (Preprint). JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e37898. [PMID: 35793128 PMCID: PMC9301565 DOI: 10.2196/37898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Methods Results Conclusions Trial Registration International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Yamaki
- Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Ryo Ukai
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Takemura
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yokoyama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoichi M Ito
- Data Science Center, Institute of Health Science Innovation for Medical Care, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Kobayashi
- Division of Neurosurgery, Rehabilitation Center for Traumatic Apallics Chiba, National Agency for Automotive Safety and Victims' Aid, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Yasuo Iwadate
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Advanced Regenerative Therapeutics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Intravenous Infusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy of Reperfusion Therapy in Cerebral Ischemia. World Neurosurg 2021; 149:e160-e169. [PMID: 33618048 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reperfusion therapy is a standard therapeutic strategy for acute stroke. Non-favorable outcomes are thought to partially result from impaired microcirculatory flow in ischemic tissue. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduces stroke volume and improves behavioral function in stroke. One suggested therapeutic mechanism is the restoration of the microvasculature. The goal of this study was to determine whether infused MSCs enhance the therapeutic efficacy of reperfusion therapy following stroke in rats. METHODS First, to establish a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model displaying approximately identical neurologic function and lesion volume as seen in permanent MCAO (pMCAO) at day 7 after stroke induction, we transiently occluded the MCA for 90, 110, and 120 minutes. We found that the 110-minute occlusion met these criteria and was used as the transient MCAO (tMCAO) model. Next, 4 MCAO groups were used to compare the therapeutic efficacy of infused MSCs: (1) pMCAO+vehicle, (2) tMCAO+vehicle, (3) pMCAO+MSC, and (4) tMCAO+MSC. Our ischemic model was a unique ischemic model system in which both pMCAO and tMCAO provided similar outcomes during the study period in the groups without MSC infusion groups. Behavioral performance, ischemic volume, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) using arterial spin labeling-magnetic resonance imaging and histologic evaluation of microvasculature was performed. RESULTS The behavioral function, rCBF, and restoration of microvasculature were greater in group 4 than in group 3. Thus, infused MSCs facilitated the therapeutic efficacy of MCA reperfusion in this rat model system. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous infusion of MSCs may enhance therapeutic efficacy of reperfusion therapy.
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Hénon P, Lahlil R. CD34+ Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Zhang H, Rzechorzek W, Aghajanian A, Faber JE. Hypoxia induces de novo formation of cerebral collaterals and lessens the severity of ischemic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:1806-1822. [PMID: 32423327 PMCID: PMC7430105 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x20924107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Pial collaterals provide protection in stroke. Evidence suggests their formation late during gestation (collaterogenesis) is driven by reduced oxygen levels in the cerebral watersheds. The purpose of this study was to determine if collaterogenesis can be re-activated in the adult to induce formation of additional collaterals ("neo-collateral formation", NCF). Mice were gradually acclimated to reduced inspired oxygen (FIO2) and maintained at 12, 10, 8.5 or 7% for two-to-eight weeks. Hypoxemia induced "dose"-dependent NCF and remodeling of native collaterals, and decreased infarct volume after permanent MCA occlusion. In contrast, no formation occurred of addition collateral-like intra-tree anastomoses, PComs, or branches within the MCA tree. Hypoxic NCF, remodeling and infarct protection were durable, i.e. retained for at least six weeks after return to normoxia. Hypoxia increased expression of Hif2α, Vegfa, Rabep2, Angpt2, Tie2 and Cxcr4. Neo-collateral formation was abolished in mice lacking Rabep2, a novel gene involved in VEGFA→Flk1 signaling and required for formation of collaterals during development, and inhibited by knockdown of Vegfa, Flk1 and Cxcr4. Rabep2-dependent NCF was also induced by permanent MCA occlusion. This is the first report that hypoxia induces new pial collaterals to form. Hypoxia- and occlusion-induced neo-collateral formation provide models to study collaterogenesis in the adult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, Curriculum in Neurobiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wojciech Rzechorzek
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, Curriculum in Neurobiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amir Aghajanian
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, Curriculum in Neurobiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James E Faber
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, Curriculum in Neurobiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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7
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Brown J, Park YJ, Lee JY, Chase TN, Koga M, Borlongan CV. Bone Marrow-Derived NCS-01 Cells Advance a Novel Cell-Based Therapy for Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082845. [PMID: 32325813 PMCID: PMC7215343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells have been explored for their application in cell-based therapies targeting stroke. Identifying cell lines that stand as safe, accessible, and effective for transplantation, while optimizing dosage, timing, and method of delivery remain critical translational steps towards clinical trials. Preclinical studies using bone marrow-derived NCS-01 cells show the cells' ability to confer functional recovery in ischemic stroke. Coculturing primary rat cortical cells or human neural progenitor cells with NCS-01 cells protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation. In the rodent middle cerebral artery occlusion model, intracarotid artery administration of NCS-01 cells demonstrate greater efficacy than other mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) at improving motor and neurological function, as well as reducing infarct volume and peri-infarct cell loss. NCS-01 cells secrete therapeutic factors, including basic fibroblast growth factor and interleukin-6, while also demonstrating a potentially novel mechanism of extending filopodia towards the site of injury. In this review, we discuss recent preclinical advancements using in vitro and in vivo ischemia models that support the transplantation of NCS-01 in human stroke trials. These results, coupled with the recommendations put forth by the consortium of Stem cell Therapeutics as an Emerging Paradigm for Stroke (STEPS), highlight a framework for conducting preclinical research with the ultimate goal of initiating clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Brown
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (J.B.); (Y.J.P.); (J.-Y.L.)
| | - You Jeong Park
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (J.B.); (Y.J.P.); (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (J.B.); (Y.J.P.); (J.-Y.L.)
| | - Thomas N. Chase
- KM Pharmaceutical Consulting LLC, Washington, DC 20006, USA; (T.N.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Minako Koga
- KM Pharmaceutical Consulting LLC, Washington, DC 20006, USA; (T.N.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; (J.B.); (Y.J.P.); (J.-Y.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-3988
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8
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Al-Massri KF, Ahmed LA, El-Abhar HS. Mesenchymal stem cells in chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy: A new challenging approach that requires further investigations. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 14:108-122. [PMID: 31677248 DOI: 10.1002/term.2972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs may disrupt the nervous system and cause chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) as side effects. There are no completely successful medications for the prevention or treatment of CIPN. Many drugs such as tricyclic antidepressants and anticonvulsants have been used for symptomatic treatment of CIPN. Unfortunately, these drugs often give only partial relief or have dose-limiting side effects. Thus, the treatment of CIPN becomes a challenge because of failure to regenerate and repair the injured neurons. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy is a new attractive approach for CIPN. Evidence has demonstrated that MSCs play important roles in reducing oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and apoptosis, as well as mediating axon regeneration after nerve damage in several experimental studies and some clinical trials. We will briefly review the pathogenesis of CIPN, traditional therapies used and their drawbacks as well as therapeutic effects of MSCs, their related mechanisms, future challenges for their clinical application, and the additional benefit of their combination with pharmacological agents. MSCs-based therapies may provide a new therapeutic strategy for patients suffering from CIPN where further investigations are required for studying their exact mechanisms. Combined therapy with pharmacological agents can provide another promising option for enhancing MSC therapy success while limiting its adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled F Al-Massri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Palestine, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Lamiaa A Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan S El-Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Kaneko Y, Lee JY, Tajiri N, Tuazon JP, Lippert T, Russo E, Yu SJ, Bonsack B, Corey S, Coats AB, Kingsbury C, Chase TN, Koga M, Borlongan CV. Translating intracarotid artery transplantation of bone marrow-derived NCS-01 cells for ischemic stroke: Behavioral and histological readouts and mechanistic insights into stem cell therapy. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 9:203-220. [PMID: 31738023 PMCID: PMC6988762 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study used in vitro and in vivo stroke models to demonstrate the safety, efficacy, and mechanism of action of adult human bone marrow‐derived NCS‐01 cells. Coculture with NCS‐01 cells protected primary rat cortical cells or human neural progenitor cells from oxygen glucose deprivation. Adult rats that were subjected to middle cerebral artery occlusion, transiently or permanently, and subsequently received intracarotid artery or intravenous transplants of NCS‐01 cells displayed dose‐dependent improvements in motor and neurological behaviors, and reductions in infarct area and peri‐infarct cell loss, much better than intravenous administration. The optimal dose was 7.5 × 106 cells/mL when delivered via the intracarotid artery within 3 days poststroke, although therapeutic effects persisted even when administered at 1 week after stroke. Compared with other mesenchymal stem cells, NCS‐01 cells ameliorated both the structural and functional deficits after stroke through a broad therapeutic window. NCS‐01 cells secreted therapeutic molecules, such as basic fibroblast growth factor and interleukin‐6, but equally importantly we observed for the first time the formation of filopodia by NCS‐01 cells under stroke conditions, characterized by cadherin‐positive processes extending from the stem cells toward the ischemic cells. Collectively, the present efficacy readouts and the novel filopodia‐mediated mechanism of action provide solid lab‐to‐clinic evidence supporting the use of NCS‐01 cells for treatment of stroke in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kaneko
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Jea-Young Lee
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Naoki Tajiri
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Julian P Tuazon
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Trenton Lippert
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Eleonora Russo
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Seong-Jin Yu
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Brooke Bonsack
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Sydney Corey
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Alexandreya B Coats
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Chase Kingsbury
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
| | - Thomas N Chase
- KM Pharmaceutical Consulting LLC, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Minako Koga
- KM Pharmaceutical Consulting LLC, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
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10
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Borlongan CV. Concise Review: Stem Cell Therapy for Stroke Patients: Are We There Yet? Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:983-988. [PMID: 31099181 PMCID: PMC6708064 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Four decades of preclinical research demonstrating survival, functional integration, and behavioral effects of transplanted stem cells in experimental stroke models have provided ample scientific basis for initiating limited clinical trials of stem cell therapy in stroke patients. Although safety of the grafted cells has been overwhelmingly documented, efficacy has not been forthcoming. Two recently concluded stroke clinical trials on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) highlight the importance of strict adherence to the basic science findings of optimal transplant regimen of cell dose, timing, and route of delivery in enhancing the functional outcomes of cell therapy. Echoing the Stem Cell Therapeutics as an Emerging Paradigm for Stroke and Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable call for an NIH‐guided collaborative consortium of multiple laboratories in testing the safety and efficacy of stem cells and their derivatives, not just as stand‐alone but preferably in combination with approved thrombolytic or thrombectomy, may further increase the likelihood of successful fruition of translating stem cell therapy for stroke clinical application. The laboratory and clinical experience with MSC therapy for stroke may guide the future translational research on stem cell‐based regenerative medicine in neurological disorders. stem cells translational medicine2019;8:983&988
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesario V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, USA
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11
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Brunet MC, Chen SH, Khandelwal P, Hare JM, Starke RM, Peterson EC, Yavagal DR. Intravenous Stem Cell Therapy for High-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Case Report and Literature Review. World Neurosurg 2019; 128:573-575. [PMID: 30981798 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with high mortality (30%-40%) and morbidity with long-term physical, neurologic, and psychological impairments; most patients present with high initial Hunt and Hess grade. In view of the great need for efficacious therapies for high-grade SAH, recent animal studies have demonstrated improved outcomes with administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a potential neuroregenerative strategy. We present the first case of human intravenous administration of MSCs after aneurysmal SAH. CLINICAL PRESENTATION An 80-year-old man presented with sudden severe headache with nausea and vomiting. Computed tomography demonstrated SAH with hydrocephalus from a ruptured basilar tip aneurysm. Initial examination of the patient showed Hunt and Hess grade 5 and World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies grade 5. The patient was treated with external ventricular drain placement and coiling of aneurysm. The patient received an infusion of intravenous bone marrow-derived allogeneic MSCs on day 3 postbleed. The patient made a better recovery than anticipated with a modified Rankin Scale score of 3 at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Several studies using models of ischemic brain injury have found that administration of MSCs may improve functional neurologic recovery and decrease brain lesion volume. Although there have been limited human studies in patients with stroke, the role of stem cell therapy for aneurysmal SAH remains unclear. This is the first case of use of MSCs in a patient for treatment of aneurysmal SAH. In conjunction with the promising results in animal studies, this encouraging preliminary case report supports the need for additional clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Brunet
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Stephanie H Chen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Priyank Khandelwal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Robert M Starke
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eric C Peterson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Dileep R Yavagal
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
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12
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Gunawardena TNA, Rahman MT, Abdullah BJJ, Abu Kasim NH. Conditioned media derived from mesenchymal stem cell cultures: The next generation for regenerative medicine. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:569-586. [PMID: 30644175 DOI: 10.1002/term.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that the main driving force behind the therapeutic activity observed in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the paracrine factors secreted by these cells. These biomolecules also trigger antiapoptotic events to prevent further degeneration of the diseased organ through paracrine signalling mechanisms. In comparison with the normal physiological conditions, an increased paracrine gradient is observed within the peripheral system of diseased organs that enhances the migration of tissue-specific MSCs towards the site of infection or injury to promote healing. Thus, upon administration of conditioned media derived from mesenchymal stem cell cultures (MSC-CM) could contribute in maintaining the increased paracrine factor gradient between the diseased organ and the stem cell niche in order to speed up the process of recovery. Based on the principle of the paracrine signalling mechanism, MSC-CM, also referred as the secretome of the MSCs, is a rich source of the paracrine factors and are being studied extensively for a wide range of regenerative therapies such as myocardial infarction, stroke, bone regeneration, hair growth, and wound healing. This article highlights the current technological applications and advances of MSC-CM with the aim to appraise its future potential as a regenerative therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Tariqur Rahman
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Regenerative Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Gubert F, Bonacossa-Pereira I, Decotelli AB, Furtado M, Vasconcelos-Dos-Santos A, Mendez-Otero R, Santiago MF. Bone-marrow mononuclear cell therapy in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Functional outcomes from different administration routes. Brain Res 2019; 1712:73-81. [PMID: 30735638 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic degenerative disease that mainly affects motor neurons, leading to progressive paralysis and death. Recently, cell therapy has emerged as a therapeutic alternative for several neurological diseases, including ALS, and bone-marrow cells are one of the major cell sources. Considering the importance of pre-clinical trials to determine the best therapeutic protocol and the hope of translating this protocol to the clinical setting, we tested bone-marrow mononuclear cell (BMMC) therapy administered by different routes in the SOD1G93A model of ALS. BMMCs were isolated from non-transgenic, age matched animals and administered intravenously (IV), intramuscularly (IM), and intravenously and intramuscular concomitantly (IV + IM). BMMC therapy had no significant beneficial effects when injected IV or IM, but delayed disease progression when these two routes were used concomitantly. BMMC IV + IM treatment reduced the number of microglia cells in the spinal cord and partially protected of neuromuscular-junction innervation, but had no effect in preventing motor-neuron loss. This study showed that injection of BMMC IV + IM had better results when compared to each route in isolation, highlighting the importance of targeting multiple anatomical regions in the treatment of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gubert
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Igor Bonacossa-Pereira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Ana B Decotelli
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Michelle Furtado
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo F Santiago
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Namioka T, Namioka A, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells promotes functional recovery in a rat model of chronic cerebral infarction. J Neurosurg 2018; 131:1289-1296. [PMID: 30485210 DOI: 10.3171/2018.5.jns18140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from adult bone marrow improves behavioral function in rat models of cerebral infarction. Although clinical studies are ongoing, most studies have focused on the acute or subacute phase of stroke. In the present study, MSCs derived from bone marrow of rats were intravenously infused 8 weeks after the induction of a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) to investigate whether delayed systemic injection of MSCs improves functional outcome in the chronic phase of stroke in rats. METHODS Eight weeks after induction of the MCAO, the rats were randomized and intravenously infused with either MSCs or vehicle. Ischemic volume and behavioral performance were examined. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity was assessed by quantifying the leakage of Evans blue into the brain parenchyma after intravenous infusion. Immunohistochemical analysis was also performed to evaluate the stability of the BBB. RESULTS Motor recovery was better in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle-treated group, with rapid improvement (evident at 1 week post-infusion). In MSC-treated rats, reduced BBB leakage and increased microvasculature/repair and neovascularization were observed. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the systemic infusion of MSCs results in functional improvement, which is associated with structural changes in the chronic phase of cerebral infarction, including in the stabilization of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- 2Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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15
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Namioka A, Namioka T, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Nagahama H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells for protection against brainstem infarction in a persistent basilar artery occlusion model in the adult rat. J Neurosurg 2018; 131:1308-1316. [PMID: 30485204 DOI: 10.3171/2018.4.jns173121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Morbidity and mortality in patients with posterior circulation stroke remains an issue despite advances in acute stroke therapies. The intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) elicits therapeutic efficacy in experimental supratentorial stroke models. However, since there are few reliable animal models of ischemia in the posterior circulation, the therapeutic approach with intravenous MSC infusion has not been tested. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that intravenously infused MSCs provide functional recovery in a newly developed model of brainstem infarction in rats. METHODS Basilar artery (BA) occlusion (BAO) was established in rats by selectively ligating 4 points of the proximal BA with 10-0 nylon monofilament suture. The intravenous infusion of MSCs was performed 1 day after BAO induction. MRI and histological examinations were performed to assess ischemic lesion volume, while multiple behavioral tests were performed to evaluate functional recovery. RESULTS The MSC-treated group exhibited a greater reduction in ischemic lesion volume, while behavioral testing indicated that the MSC-infused group had greater improvement than the vehicle group 28 days after the MSC infusion. Accumulated infused MSCs were observed in the ischemic brainstem lesion. CONCLUSIONS Infused MSCs may provide neuroprotection to facilitate functional outcomes and reduce ischemic lesion volume as evaluated in a newly developed rat model of persistent BAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- 2Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven; and
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
| | - Osamu Honmou
- 1Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
- 3Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut
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16
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Nagahama H, Nakazaki M, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Namioka T, Namioka A, Oka S, Onodera R, Suzuki J, Sasaki Y, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Preservation of interhemispheric cortical connections through corpus callosum following intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells in a rat model of cerebral infarction. Brain Res 2018; 1695:37-44. [PMID: 29802840 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Systemic administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following cerebral infarction exerts functional improvements. Previous research has suggested potential therapeutic mechanisms that promote neuroprotection and synaptogenesis. These include secretion of neurotrophic factors, remodeling of neural circuits, restoration of the blood brain barrier, reduction of inflammatory infiltration and demyelination, and elevation of trophic factors. In addition to these mechanisms, we hypothesized that restored interhemispheric bilateral motor cortex connectivity might be an additional mechanism of functional recovery. In the present study, we have shown, with both MRI diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neuroanatomical tracing techniques using an adeno-associated virus (AAV) expressing GFP, that there was anatomical restoration of cortical interhemispheric connections through the corpus callosum after intravenous infusion of MSCs in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model. Moreover, the degree of connectivity was greater in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle-infused group. In accordance, both the thickness of corpus callosum and synaptic puncta in the contralateral (non-infarcted) motor cortex connected to the corpus callosum were greater in the MSC-treated group than in the vehicle group. Together, these results suggest that distinct preservation of interhemispheric cortical connections through corpus callosum was promoted by intravenous infusion of MSCs. This anatomical preservation of the motor cortex in the contralateral hemisphere may contribute to functional improvements following MSC therapy for cerebral stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takahiro Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Ai Namioka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Rie Onodera
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Junpei Suzuki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Yuichi Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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17
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Fukumura S, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Oka S, Nakazaki M, Nagahama H, Morita T, Sakai T, Tsutsumi H, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stem cells reduces epileptogenesis in a rat model of status epilepticus. Epilepsy Res 2018; 141:56-63. [PMID: 29475054 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Status epilepticus (SE) causes neuronal cell death, aberrant mossy fiber sprouting (MFS), and cognitive deteriorations. The present study tested the hypothesis that systemically infused mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) reduce epileptogenesis by inhibiting neuronal cell death and suppressing aberrant MFS, leading to cognitive function preservation in a rat model of epilepsy. METHODS SE was induced using the lithium-pilocarpine injection model. The seizure frequency was scored using a video-monitoring system and the Morris water maze test was carried out to evaluate cognitive function. Comparisons were made between MSCs- and vehicle-infused rats. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect Green fluorescent protein (GFP)+ MSCs and to quantify the number of GAD67+ and NeuN+ neurons in the hippocampus. Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) and Timm staining were also performed to assess the MFS. RESULTS MSC infusion inhibited epileptogenesis and preserved cognitive function after SE. The infused GFP+ MSCs were accumulated in the hippocampus and were associated with the preservation of GAD67+ and NeuN+ hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, the MSC infusion suppressed the aberrant MFS in the hippocampus as evidenced by MEMRI and Timm staining. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the intravenous infusion of MSCs mitigated epileptogenesis, thus advancing MSCs as an effective approach for epilepsy in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinobu Fukumura
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Masahito Nakazaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nagahama
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Tomonori Morita
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Takuro Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsutsumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, 060-8556, Japan; Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA; Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
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18
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Nijboer CH, Kooijman E, van Velthoven CT, van Tilborg E, Tiebosch IA, Eijkelkamp N, Dijkhuizen RM, Kesecioglu J, Heijnen CJ. Intranasal Stem Cell Treatment as a Novel Therapy for Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Stem Cells Dev 2018; 27:313-325. [PMID: 29310519 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2017.0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents a major health problem in Western society due to high mortality and morbidity, and the relative young age of patients. Currently, efficacious therapeutic options are very limited. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) administration has been shown to improve functional outcome and lesion size in experimental models of stroke and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Here, we studied the therapeutic potential of intranasally administered bone marrow-derived MSCs relatively late postinsult using a rat endovascular puncture model for SAH. Six days after induction of SAH, rats were treated with MSCs or vehicle through nasal administration. Intranasal MSC treatment significantly improved sensorimotor and mechanosensory function at 21 days after SAH. Gray and white matter loss was significantly reduced by MSC treatment and the number of NeuN+ neurons around the lesion increased due to MSC treatment. Moreover, intranasal MSC administration led to a sharp decrease in SAH-induced activation of astrocytes and microglia/macrophages in the lesioned hemisphere, especially of M2-like (CD206+) microglia/macrophages. Interestingly, MSC administration also decreased SAH-induced depression-like behavior in association with a restoration of tyrosine hydroxylase expression in the substantia nigra and striatum. We show here for the first time that intranasal MSC administration reverses the devastating consequences of SAH, including regeneration of the cerebral lesion, functional recovery, and treatment of comorbid depression-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cora H Nijboer
- 1 Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, Division Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elke Kooijman
- 1 Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, Division Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands .,2 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cindy T van Velthoven
- 1 Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, Division Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Erik van Tilborg
- 1 Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, Division Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ivo A Tiebosch
- 3 Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Niels Eijkelkamp
- 1 Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, Division Woman and Baby, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rick M Dijkhuizen
- 3 Biomedical MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Group, Center for Image Sciences, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jozef Kesecioglu
- 2 Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- 4 Laboratory of Neuroimmunology, Department of Symptom Research, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, Texas
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19
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Ruzicka J, Urdzikova LM, Kloudova A, Amin AG, Vallova J, Kubinova S, Schmidt MH, Jhanwar-Uniyal M, Jendelova P. Anti-inflammatory compound curcumin and mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury in rats. Acta Neurobiol Exp (Wars) 2018. [DOI: 10.21307/ane-2018-035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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20
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Napoli E, Borlongan CV. Stem Cell Recipes of Bone Marrow and Fish: Just What the Stroke Doctors Ordered. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 13:192-197. [PMID: 28064388 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9716-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell therapy for stroke has advanced from the laboratory to the clinic, but remains as an experimental treatment. Two lines of transplant regimens have emerged, namely the "early bird" peripheral injections in subacute stroke patients and the "late night" direct intracerebral treatments in chronic stroke patients. Autologous bone marrow-derived stem cells, which only required minimal manipulations during graft cell preparation, gained fast-track entry into the clinic, while gene modified stem cells necessitated overcoming more stringent regulatory criteria before they were approved for clinical use. Safety of the stem cell therapy can be declared from these clinical trials, but efficacy warrants further investigations. Here, we offer insights into the translation of cell therapy from the laboratory to the clinic, in the hopes that highlighting the lessons we learned from this experience will guide the optimization of functional outcomes of future clinical trials of stem cell therapy for stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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21
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Liska MG, Crowley MG, Borlongan CV. Regulated and Unregulated Clinical Trials of Stem Cell Therapies for Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 8:93-103. [PMID: 28127687 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G Liska
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Marci G Crowley
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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22
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Sandu RE, Balseanu AT, Bogdan C, Slevin M, Petcu E, Popa-Wagner A. Stem cell therapies in preclinical models of stroke. Is the aged brain microenvironment refractory to cell therapy? Exp Gerontol 2017; 94:73-77. [PMID: 28093317 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating disease demanding vigorous search for new therapies. Initial enthusiasm to stimulate restorative processes in the ischemic brain by means of cell-based therapies has meanwhile converted into a more balanced view recognizing impediments that may be related to unfavorable age-associated environments. Recent results using a variety of drug, cell therapy or combination thereof suggest that, (i) treatment with Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) in aged rats has primarily a beneficial effect on functional outcome most likely via supportive cellular processes such as neurogenesis; (ii) the combination therapy, G-CSF with mesenchymal cells (G-CSF+BM-MSC or G-CSF+BM-MNC) did not further improve behavioral indices, neurogenesis or infarct volume as compared to G-CSF alone in aged animals; (iii) better results with regard to integration of transplanted cells in the aged rat environment have been obtained using iPS of human origin; (iv) mesenchymal cells may be used as drug carriers for the aged post-stroke brains. CONCLUSION While the middle aged brain does not seem to impair drug and cell therapies, in a real clinical practice involving older post-stroke patients, successful regenerative therapies would have to be carried out for a much longer time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Elena Sandu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Chair of Biochemistry, Neurobiology of Aging Group, Romania
| | - Adrian Tudor Balseanu
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Chair of Biochemistry, Neurobiology of Aging Group, Romania
| | - Catalin Bogdan
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Chair of Biochemistry, Neurobiology of Aging Group, Romania
| | - Mark Slevin
- Department of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Eugen Petcu
- Griffith University School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Rostock, Germany; University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Chair of Biochemistry, Neurobiology of Aging Group, Romania.
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23
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Napoli E, Borlongan CV. Recent Advances in Stem Cell-Based Therapeutics for Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2016; 7:452-457. [PMID: 27515852 PMCID: PMC5065756 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-016-0490-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine for central nervous system disorders, including stroke, has challenged the non-regenerative capacity of the brain. Among the many treatment strategies tailored towards repairing the injured brain, stem cell-based therapeutics have been demonstrated as safe and effective in animal models of stroke, and are being tested in limited clinical trials. We address here key lab-to-clinic translational research that relate to efficacy, safety, and mechanism of action underlying stem cell therapy. Recognizing the multi-pronged cell death processes associated with stroke that will likely require combination therapies, we next discuss potent drugs and novel technologies directed at improving the functional outcomes of stem cell-based therapeutics. We also examine discrepant transplant regimens between preclinical studies and clinical trials, as well as missing appropriate control arm (i.e., stroke subjects undergoing rehabilitation) on which to directly compare the therapeutic benefits of cell therapy. Finally, the bioethics of cell therapy is presented in order to assess its prevailing social status. With preliminary results now being reported from on-going clinical trials of stem cell therapy for stroke, a careful assessment of the true functional benefits of this novel treatment will further direct the future of regenerative medicine for neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Napoli
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
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Natural Occurring Silks and Their Analogues as Materials for Nerve Conduits. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101754. [PMID: 27775616 PMCID: PMC5085779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spider silk and its synthetic derivatives have a light weight in combination with good strength and elasticity. Their high cytocompatibility and low immunogenicity make them well suited for biomaterial products such as nerve conduits. Silk proteins slowly degrade enzymatically in vivo, thus allowing for an initial therapeutic effect such as in nerve scaffolding to facilitate endogenous repair processes, and then are removed. Silks are biopolymers naturally produced by many species of arthropods including spiders, caterpillars and mites. The silk fibers are secreted by the labial gland of the larvae of some orders of Holometabola (insects with pupa) or the spinnerets of spiders. The majority of studies using silks for biomedical applications use materials from silkworms or spiders, mostly of the genus Nephila clavipes. Silk is one of the most promising biomaterials with effects not only in nerve regeneration, but in a number of regenerative applications. The development of silks for human biomedical applications is of high scientific and clinical interest. Biomaterials in use for biomedical applications have to meet a number of requirements such as biocompatibility and elicitation of no more than a minor inflammatory response, biodegradability in a reasonable time and specific structural properties. Here we present the current status in the field of silk-based conduit development for nerve repair and discuss current advances with regard to potential clinical transfer of an implantable nerve conduit for enhancement of nerve regeneration.
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25
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Stem cell regenerative potential for plastic and reconstructive surgery. Cell Tissue Bank 2016; 17:735-744. [PMID: 27604466 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-016-9583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Stem cells represent heterogeneous population of undifferentiated cells with unique characteristics of long term self renewal and plasticity. Moreover, they are capable of active migration to diseased tissues, secretion of different bioactive molecules, and they have immunosuppressive potential as well. They occur in all tissues through life and are involved in process of embryogenesis and regeneration. During last decades stem cells attracted significant attention in each field of medicine, including plastic and reconstructive surgery. The main goal of the present review article is to present and discuss the potential of stem cells and to provide information about their safe utilization in chronic wounds and fistulae healing, scar management, breast reconstruction, as well as in bone, tendon and peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Gubert F, Decotelli AB, Bonacossa-Pereira I, Figueiredo FR, Zaverucha-do-Valle C, Tovar-Moll F, Hoffmann L, Urmenyi TP, Santiago MF, Mendez-Otero R. Intraspinal bone-marrow cell therapy at pre- and symptomatic phases in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:41. [PMID: 26979533 PMCID: PMC4791786 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0293-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurological disease that selectively affects the motor neurons. The details of the mechanisms of selective motor-neuron death remain unknown and no effective therapy has been developed. We investigated the therapy with bone-marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) in a mouse model of ALS (SOD1(G93A) mice). METHODS We injected 10(6) BMMC into the lumbar portion of the spinal cord of SOD1(G93A) mice in presymptomatic (9 weeks old) and symptomatic (14 weeks old) phases. In each condition, we analyzed the progression of disease and the lifespan of the animals. RESULTS We observed a mild transitory delay in the disease progression in the animals injected with BMMC in the presymptomatic phase. However, we observed no increase in the lifespan. When we injected BMMC in the symptomatic phase, we observed no difference in the animals' lifespan or in the disease progression. Immunohistochemistry for NeuN showed a decrease in the number of motor neurons during the course of the disease, and this decrease was not affected by either treatment. Using different strategies to track the BMMC, we noted that few cells remained in the spinal cord after transplantation. This observation could explain why the BMMC therapy had only a transitory effect. CONCLUSION This is the first report of intraspinal BMMC therapy in a mouse model of ALS. We conclude this cellular therapy has only a mild transitory effect when performed in the presymptomatic phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Gubert
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Ana B Decotelli
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Igor Bonacossa-Pereira
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Figueiredo
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Camila Zaverucha-do-Valle
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases (INI), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Avenida Brasil 4365, Maguinhos, RJ 21040-900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tovar-Moll
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and National Center of Structural Biology and Bioimaging, CENABIO, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Instituto D'Or de Pesquisa e Educação (IDOR), Rua Diniz Cordeiro 30, Botafogo, RJ 22281-100, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luísa Hoffmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Turan P Urmenyi
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F Santiago
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosalia Mendez-Otero
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Sala G2-028, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, RJ 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Chromatographically isolated CD63+CD81+ extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stromal cells rescue cognitive impairments after TBI. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 113:170-5. [PMID: 26699510 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522297113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cells present an attractive strategy for developing new therapies, but progress in the field is limited by several issues: The quality of the EVs varies with the type and physiological status of the producer cells; protocols used to isolate the EVs are difficult to scale up; and assays for efficacy are difficult to develop. In the present report, we have addressed these issues by using human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) that produce EVs when incubated in a protein-free medium, preselecting the preparations of MSCs with a biomarker for their potency in modulating inflammation, incubating the cells in a chemically defined protein-free medium that provided a stable environment, isolating the EVs with a scalable chromatographic procedure, and developing an in vivo assay for efficacy of the cells in suppressing neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. In addition, we demonstrate that i.v. infusion of the isolated EVs shortly after induction of TBI rescued pattern separation and spatial learning impairments 1 mo later.
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28
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Histological study on the role of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the sciatic nerve and the gastrocnemius muscle in a model of sciatic nerve crush injury in albino rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ehx.0000470653.67231.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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29
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Takayanagi A, Sasaki M, Kataoka-Sasaki Y, Kobayashi K, Matsuda Y, Oka S, Masumori N, Kocsis JD, Honmou O. Intravenous Preload of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Rescues Erectile Function in a Rat Model of Cavernous Nerve Injury. J Sex Med 2015. [PMID: 26211660 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We evaluated the potential preventive effects and mechanisms of intravenously preloaded mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for erectile dysfunction (ED) in a cavernous nerve (CN) injury model. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were used for this study. Rats were randomized into two groups. One group was intravenously preloaded with MSCs (1.0 × 10(6) cells in 1 mL total fluid volume) and the other was infused with medium alone (1 mL Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium [DMEM]) for sham control, respectively. Crushed CN injury was induced immediately after infusion. The surgeon was blind to the experimental conditions (MSC or medium). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES To assess erectile function, we measured the intracavernous pressure (ICP) and arterial pressure (AP) at 1 hour and 2 weeks after CN injury. After measuring the initial ICP/AP of pre-injury (normal) male SD rats, they were randomized into the two groups and infused with MSCs or medium. PKH26-labelled MSCs were used for tracking. To investigate the mRNA expression levels of neurotrophins in the major pelvic ganglia (MPG), we performed real-time quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS The reduction of ICP/AP and area under the curve of ICP (ICP-AUC) in the MSC group was significantly lower than in the DMEM group (P < 0.05; P < 0.05) at 1 hour. The ICP/AP and ICP-AUC at 2 weeks post-injury in the MSC group was significantly higher than in the DMEM group (P < 0.01; P < 0.05). The preloaded PKH26-labelled MSCs were detected in the MPG and CN using confocal microscopy indicating homing of the cells to the injured nerve and ganglia. Glia cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and neurturin, which are important neurotrophic factors for erection, had expression levels in MPG significantly higher in the MSC group than in the DMEM group (P < 0.01, 0.05). CONCLUSION Intravenous preload of MSCs before a CN injury may prevent or reduce experimental ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Takayanagi
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masanori Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yuko Kataoka-Sasaki
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ko Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yohei Matsuda
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Oka
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Naoya Masumori
- Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Jeffery D Kocsis
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Osamu Honmou
- Department of Neural Regenerative Medicine, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
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Yin Y, Zhou X, Guan X, Liu Y, Jiang CB, Liu J. In vivo tracking of human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion by magnetic resonance imaging. Neural Regen Res 2015. [PMID: 26199607 PMCID: PMC4498352 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.158355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferumoxytol, an iron replacement product, is a new type of superparamagnetic iron oxide approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Herein, we assessed the feasibility of tracking transplanted human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol in middle cerebral artery occlusion-injured rats by 3.0 T MRI in vivo. 1 × 104 human adipose-derived stem cells labeled with ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine were transplanted into the brains of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion. Neurologic impairment was scored at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days after transplantation. T2-weighted imaging and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography were used to observe transplanted cells. Results of imaging tests were compared with results of Prussian blue staining. The modified neurologic impairment scores were significantly lower in rats transplanted with cells at all time points except 1 day post-transplantation compared with rats without transplantation. Regions with hypointense signals on T2-weighted and enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography images corresponded with areas stained by Prussian blue, suggesting the presence of superparamagnetic iron oxide particles within the engrafted cells. Enhanced susceptibility-weighted angiography image exhibited better sensitivity and contrast in tracing ferumoxytol-heparin-protamine-labeled human adipose-derived stem cells compared with T2-weighted imaging in routine MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yin
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Guan
- College of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chang-Bin Jiang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Regenerative Medicine Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, China
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31
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Onuma-Ukegawa M, Bhatt K, Hirai T, Kaburagi H, Sotome S, Wakabayashi Y, Ichinose S, Shinomiya K, Okawa A, Enomoto M. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Combined with a Honeycomb Collagen Sponge Facilitate Neurite Elongation in Vitro and Neural Restoration in the Hemisected Rat Spinal Cord. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:1283-97. [DOI: 10.3727/096368914x682134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, researchers and clinicians have reported that transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) promotes functional recovery after brain or spinal cord injury (SCI). However, an appropriate scaffold designed for the injured spinal cord is needed to enhance the survival of transplanted BMSCs and to promote nerve regeneration. We previously tested a honeycomb collagen sponge (HC), which when applied to the transected spinal cord allowed bridging of the gap with nerve fibers. In this study, we examined whether the HC implant combined with rat BMSCs increases nerve regeneration in vitro and enhances functional recovery in vivo. We first evaluated the neurite outgrowth of rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) explants cultured on HC with or without BMSCs in vitro. Regeneration of neurites from the DRGs was increased by BMSCs combined with HC scaffolds. In the in vivo study, 3-mm-long HC scaffolds with or without BMSCs were implanted into the hemisected rat thoracic spinal cord. Four weeks after the procedure, rats implanted with HC scaffolds containing BMSCs displayed better motor and sensory recovery than those implanted with HC scaffolds only. Histologically, more CGRP-positive sensory fibers at the implanted site and 5-HT-positive serotonergic fibers contralateral to the implanted site were observed in spinal cords receiving BMSCs. Furthermore, more rubrospinal neurons projected distally to the HC implant containing BMSCs. Our study indicates that the application of BMSCs in a HC scaffold in the injured spinal cord directly promoted sensory nerve and rubrospinal tract regeneration, thus resulting in functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madoka Onuma-Ukegawa
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kush Bhatt
- Imperial College, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Exchange Program, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Hirai
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Kaburagi
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sotome
- Department of Orthopaedic Research and Development, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Wakabayashi
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuko Ichinose
- Instrumental Analysis Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Shinomiya
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Okawa
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Enomoto
- Department of Orthopaedic and Spinal Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Hyperbaric Medical Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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32
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Agadi S, Shetty AK. Concise Review: Prospects of Bone Marrow Mononuclear Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Treating Status Epilepticus and Chronic Epilepsy. Stem Cells 2015; 33:2093-103. [PMID: 25851047 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mononuclear cells (MNCs) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from the bone marrow and other sources have received significant attention as donor cells for treating various neurological disorders due to their robust neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, it is relatively easy to procure these cells from both autogenic and allogenic sources. Currently, there is considerable interest in examining the usefulness of these cells for conditions such as status epilepticus (SE) and chronic epilepsy. A prolonged seizure activity in SE triggers neurodegeneration in the limbic brain areas, which elicits epileptogenesis and evolves into a chronic epileptic state. Because of their potential for providing neuroprotection, diminishing inflammation and curbing epileptogenesis, early intervention with MNCs or MSCs appears attractive for treating SE as such effects may restrain the development of chronic epilepsy typified by spontaneous seizures and learning and memory impairments. Delayed administration of these cells after SE may also be useful for easing spontaneous seizures and cognitive dysfunction in chronic epilepsy. This concise review evaluates the current knowledge and outlook pertaining to MNC and MSC therapies for SE and chronic epilepsy. In the first section, the behavior of these cells in animal models of SE and their efficacy to restrain neurodegeneration, inflammation, and epileptogenesis are discussed. The competence of these cells for suppressing seizures and improving cognitive function in chronic epilepsy are conferred in the next section. The final segment ponders issues that need to be addressed to pave the way for clinical application of these cells for SE and chronic epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Agadi
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, McLane's Children's Hospital, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, USA
| | - Ashok K Shetty
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine at Scott & White, Temple, Texas, USA.,Research Service, Olin E. Teague Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine, College Station, Texas, USA
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Wei ZZ, Gu X, Ferdinand A, Lee JH, Ji X, Ji XM, Yu SP, Wei L. Intranasal Delivery of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improved Neurovascular Regeneration and Rescued Neuropsychiatric Deficits after Neonatal Stroke in Rats. Cell Transplant 2015; 24:391-402. [DOI: 10.3727/096368915x686887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal stroke is a major cause of mortality and long-term morbidity in infants and children. Currently, very limited therapeutic strategies are available to protect the developing brain against ischemic damage and promote brain repairs for pediatric patients. Moreover, children who experienced neonatal stroke often have developmental social behavior problems. Cellular therapy using bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) has emerged as a regenerative therapy after stroke. In the present investigation, neonatal stroke of postnatal day 7 (P7) rat pups was treated with noninvasive and brain-specific intranasal delivery of BMSCs at 6 h and 3 days after stroke (1 × 106cells/animal). Prior to transplantation, BMSCs were subjected to hypoxic preconditioning to enhance their tolerance and regenerative properties. The effects on regenerative activities and stroke-induced sensorimotor and social behavioral deficits were specifically examined at P24 of juvenile age. The BMSC treatment significantly reduced infarct size and blood-brain barrier disruption, promoted angiogenesis, neurogenesis, neurovascular repair, and improved local cerebral blood flow in the ischemic cortex. BMSC-treated rats showed better sensorimotor and olfactory functional recovery than saline-treated animals, measured by the adhesive removal test and buried food finding test. In social behavioral tests, we observed functional and social behavioral deficits in P24 rats subjected to stroke at P7, while the BMSC treatment significantly improved the performance of stroke animals. Overall, intranasal BMSC transplantation after neonatal stroke shows neuroprotection and great potential as a regenerative therapy to enhance neurovascular regeneration and improve functional recovery observed at the juvenile stage of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zachory Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Xiaohuan Gu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anwar Ferdinand
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jin Hwan Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoya Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Xun Ming Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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de Freitas HT, Rebel MG, Coelho BP, da Silva VG, Galaxe-Almeida GGC, Giraldi-Guimarães A. Effect of the treatment of focal brain ablation in rat with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells on sensorimotor recovery and cytokine production. J Neurol Sci 2014; 348:166-73. [PMID: 25534359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Increased efficacy of the multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the treatment of CNS injuries has been shown when they are administrated within a collagen scaffold, an environment in three dimensions (3D), when compared to the cultivation over a plastic surface (2D). We evaluated the MSC therapeutic effect in the 2D and 3D conditions using the model of focal cortical ablation. Male Wistar rats were submitted to the ablation by aspiration. Intravenous injection (IV) of MSC cultured in 2D, and the intralesional administration (IL) of MSC cultured in 2D or 3D were tested. Administrations were made 24h after ablation. Unskilled and skilled forelimb movements were evaluated by sensorimotor tests. The level of cytokines was measured two days after ablation in the 2D IV groups. Only the MSC 3D IL promoted recovery of the skilled movements. MSC 2D IV promoted recovery of the unskilled movements in all tests, and the MSC 3D IL promoted it only in the adhesive test. MSC 2D IL was unable to promote any recovery. DAPI-stained MSC was found in the perilesional parenchyma at the third post-ablation day after 2D and 3D IL. A significant reduction in the levels of cytokines by the MSC 2D IV was observed in the plasma. Our study strengthens the evidences of the MSC as a prospective therapeutic approach for the CNS injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helder Teixeira de Freitas
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gomes Rebel
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Paula Coelho
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Viviane Gomes da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Gisela Garcia Cabral Galaxe-Almeida
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Arthur Giraldi-Guimarães
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil.
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Popa-Wagner A, Buga AM, Doeppner TR, Hermann DM. Stem cell therapies in preclinical models of stroke associated with aging. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:347. [PMID: 25404892 PMCID: PMC4217499 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke has limited treatment options, demanding a vigorous search for new therapeutic strategies. Initial enthusiasm to stimulate restorative processes in the ischemic brain by means of cell-based therapies has meanwhile converted into a more balanced view recognizing impediments related to unfavorable environments that are in part related to aging processes. Since stroke afflicts mostly the elderly, it is highly desirable and clinically important to test the efficacy of cell therapies in aged brain microenvironments. Although widely believed to be refractory to regeneration, recent studies using both neural precursor cells and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for stroke therapy suggest that the aged rat brain is not refractory to cell-based therapy, and that it also supports plasticity and remodeling. Yet, important differences exist in the aged compared with young brain, i.e., the accelerated progression of ischemic injury to brain infarction, the reduced rate of endogenous neurogenesis and the delayed initiation of neurological recovery. Pitfalls in the development of cell-based therapies may also be related to age-associated comorbidities, e.g., diabetes or hyperlipidemia, which may result in maladaptive or compromised brain remodeling, respectively. These age-related aspects should be carefully considered in the clinical translation of restorative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurel Popa-Wagner
- Department of Psychiatry, Aging and Brain Disorders, University of Medicine Rostock Rostock, Germany ; Department of Functional Sciences, Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Craiova, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Buga
- Department of Psychiatry, Aging and Brain Disorders, University of Medicine Rostock Rostock, Germany ; Department of Functional Sciences, Center of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova Craiova, Romania
| | | | - Dirk M Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen Essen, Germany
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Díaz D, Muñoz-Castañeda R, Alonso JR, Weruaga E. Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells and Strategies for Treatment of Nervous System Disorders: Many Protocols, and Many Results. Neuroscientist 2014; 21:637-52. [PMID: 25171812 DOI: 10.1177/1073858414547538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bone marrow stem cells are the best known stem cell type and have been employed for more than 50 years, especially in pathologies of the hematopoietic and immune systems. However, their therapeutic potential is much broader, and they can also be employed to palliate neural diseases. Apart from their plastic properties, these cells lack the legal or ethical constraints of other stem cell populations, that is, embryonic stem cells. Current research addressing the integration of bone marrow-derived cells into the neural circuits of the central nervous system, their features, and applications is a hotspot in neurobiology. Nevertheless, as in other leading research lines the efficacy and possibilities of their application depend on technical procedures, which are still far from being standardized. Accordingly, for efficient research this large range of variants should be taken into account as they could lead to unexpected results. Rather than focusing on clinical aspects, this review offers a compendium of the methodologies aimed at providing a guide for researchers who are working in the field of bone marrow transplantation in the central nervous system. It seeks to be useful for both introductory and trouble-shooting purposes, and in particular for dealing with the large array of bone marrow transplantation protocols available.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Díaz
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, IBSAL, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Muñoz-Castañeda
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, IBSAL, Spain
| | - José Ramón Alonso
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, IBSAL, Spain Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Eduardo Weruaga
- Laboratory of Neuronal Plasticity and Neurorepair, Institute for Neuroscience of Castilla y León (INCyL), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca, IBSAL, Spain
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37
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Proteomic analysis of ischemic rat brain after human mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13770-014-0048-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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Mediano DR, Sanz-Rubio D, Ranera B, Bolea R, Martín-Burriel I. The potential of mesenchymal stem cell in prion research. Zoonoses Public Health 2014; 62:165-78. [PMID: 24854140 DOI: 10.1111/zph.12138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy are fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by the accumulation of a misfolded protein (PrP(res)), the pathological form of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)). For the last decades, prion research has greatly progressed, but many questions need to be solved about prion replication mechanisms, cell toxicity, differences in genetic susceptibility, species barrier or the nature of prion strains. These studies can be developed in murine models of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, although development of cell models for prion replication and sample titration could reduce economic and timing costs and also serve for basic research and treatment testing. Some murine cell lines can replicate scrapie strains previously adapted in mice and very few show the toxic effects of prion accumulation. Brain cell primary cultures can be more accurate models but are difficult to develop in naturally susceptible species like humans or domestic ruminants. Stem cells can be differentiated into neuron-like cells and be infected by prions. However, the use of embryo stem cells causes ethical problems in humans. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from many adult tissues, including bone marrow, adipose tissue or even peripheral blood. These cells differentiate into neuronal cells, express PrP(C) and can be infected by prions in vitro. In addition, in the last years, these cells are being used to develop therapies for many diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases. We review here the use of cell models in prion research with a special interest in the potential use of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Mediano
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Kooijman E, Nijboer CH, van Velthoven CTJ, Kavelaars A, Kesecioglu J, Heijnen CJ. The rodent endovascular puncture model of subarachnoid hemorrhage: mechanisms of brain damage and therapeutic strategies. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:2. [PMID: 24386932 PMCID: PMC3892045 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents a considerable health problem. To date, limited therapeutic options are available. In order to develop effective therapeutic strategies for SAH, the mechanisms involved in SAH brain damage should be fully explored. Here we review the mechanisms of SAH brain damage induced by the experimental endovascular puncture model. We have included a description of similarities and distinctions between experimental SAH in animals and human SAH pathology. Moreover, several novel treatment options to diminish SAH brain damage are discussed.SAH is accompanied by cerebral inflammation as demonstrated by an influx of inflammatory cells into the cerebral parenchyma, upregulation of inflammatory transcriptional pathways and increased expression of cytokines and chemokines. Additionally, various cell death pathways including cerebral apoptosis, necrosis, necroptosis and autophagy are involved in neuronal damage caused by SAH.Treatment strategies aiming at inhibition of inflammatory or cell death pathways demonstrate the importance of these mechanisms for survival after experimental SAH. Moreover, neuroregenerative therapies using stem cells are discussed as a possible strategy to repair the brain after SAH since this therapy may extend the window of treatment considerably. We propose the endovascular puncture model as a suitable animal model which resembles the human pathology of SAH and which could be applied to investigate novel therapeutic therapies to combat this debilitating insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elke Kooijman
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cora H Nijboer
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy TJ van Velthoven
- Laboratory of Neuroimmunology and Developmental Origins of Disease, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke Kavelaars
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jozef Kesecioglu
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Cobi J Heijnen
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Paldino E, Cenciarelli C, Giampaolo A, Milazzo L, Pescatori M, Hassan HJ, Casalbore P. Induction of dopaminergic neurons from human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cell by forskolin. J Cell Physiol 2013; 229:232-44. [PMID: 23893793 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells differentiation ability toward neuronal fate. Human Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSC) have been isolated from human umbilical cord of full-term births and characterized by flow cytometry analysis for their stem mesenchymal properties through specific surface markers expression (CD73, CD90, and CD105). hWJMSC mesodermal lineage differentiation ability and karyotype analysis were assessed. The trans-differentiation of hWJMSC into neural lineage was investigated in presence of forskolin, an agent known to increase the intracellular levels of cAMP. A molecular profile of differentiated hWJMSC was performed by microarray technology which revealed 1,532 statistically significant modulated genes respect to control cells. Most of these genes are mainly involved in functional neuronal signaling pathways and part of them are specifically required for the neuronal dopaminergic induction. The acquisition of the dopaminergic phenotype was evaluated via immunocytochemistry and Western blot analysis revealed the significant induction of Nurr1, NeuroD1, and TH proteins expression in forskolin-induced hWJMSC. Moreover, the treatment with forskolin promoted, in hWJMSC, a strong upregulation of the neurotrophin Trk receptors related to the high release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Taken together these findings show that hWJMSC may be represent an optimal therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Paldino
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
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41
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Intravenous transplantation of mesenchymal stromal cells to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:573169. [PMID: 24459671 PMCID: PMC3888686 DOI: 10.1155/2013/573169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Revised: 10/07/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a common and devastating complication after trauma and can cause irreversible impairment or even complete functional loss of the affected limb. While peripheral nerve repair results in some axonal regeneration and functional recovery, the clinical outcome is not optimal and research continues to optimize functional recovery after nerve repair. Cell transplantation approaches are being used experimentally to enhance regeneration. Intravenous infusion of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) into spinal cord injury and stroke was shown to improve functional outcome. However, the repair potential of intravenously transplanted MSCs in peripheral nerve injury has not been addressed yet. Here we describe the impact of intravenously infused MSCs on functional outcome in a peripheral nerve injury model. Rat sciatic nerves were transected followed, by intravenous MSCs transplantation. Footprint analysis was carried out and 21 days after transplantation, the nerves were removed for histology. Labelled MSCs were found in the sciatic nerve lesion site after intravenous injection and regeneration was improved. Intravenously infused MSCs after acute peripheral nerve target the lesion site and survive within the nerve and the MSC treated group showed greater functional improvement. The results of study suggest that nerve repair with cell transplantation could lead to greater functional outcome.
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Liu X, Ye R, Yan T, Yu SP, Wei L, Xu G, Fan X, Jiang Y, Stetler RA, Liu G, Chen J. Cell based therapies for ischemic stroke: from basic science to bedside. Prog Neurobiol 2013; 115:92-115. [PMID: 24333397 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2013.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cell therapy is emerging as a viable therapy to restore neurological function after stroke. Many types of stem/progenitor cells from different sources have been explored for their feasibility and efficacy for the treatment of stroke. Transplanted cells not only have the potential to replace the lost circuitry, but also produce growth and trophic factors, or stimulate the release of such factors from host brain cells, thereby enhancing endogenous brain repair processes. Although stem/progenitor cells have shown a promising role in ischemic stroke in experimental studies as well as initial clinical pilot studies, cellular therapy is still at an early stage in humans. Many critical issues need to be addressed including the therapeutic time window, cell type selection, delivery route, and in vivo monitoring of their migration pattern. This review attempts to provide a comprehensive synopsis of preclinical evidence and clinical experience of various donor cell types, their restorative mechanisms, delivery routes, imaging strategies, future prospects and challenges for translating cell therapies as a neurorestorative regimen in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ruidong Ye
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Yan
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Neurology, Tianjin General Hospital, Tianjin University School of Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Shan Ping Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gelin Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinying Fan
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongjun Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - R Anne Stetler
- Center of Cerebrovascular Disease Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - George Liu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jieli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Lin L, Lin F, Li T, Du H, Chen R, Zheng W, Liu N. Effects of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the axonal outgrowth through activation of PI3K/AKT signaling in primary cortical neurons followed oxygen-glucose deprivation injury. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78514. [PMID: 24265694 PMCID: PMC3827028 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transplantation with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) improves the survival of neurons and axonal outgrowth after stroke remains undetermined. Here, we investigated whether PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is involved in these therapeutic effects of BMSCs. Methodology/Principal Findings (1) BMSCs and cortical neurons were derived from Sprague-Dawley rats. The injured neurons were induced by Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation (OGD), and then were respectively co-cultured for 48 hours with BMSCs at different densities (5×103, 5×105/ml) in transwell co-culture system. The average length of axon and expression of GAP-43 were examined to assess the effect of BMSCs on axonal outgrowth after the damage of neurons induced by OGD. (2) The injured neurons were cultured with a conditioned medium (CM) of BMSCs cultured for 24 hours in neurobasal medium. During the process, we further identified whether PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is involved through the adjunction of LY294002 (a specific phosphatidylinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor). Two hours later, the expression of pAKT (phosphorylated AKT) and AKT were analyzed by Western blotting. The length of axons, the expression of GAP-43 and the survival of neurons were measured at 48 hours. Results Both BMSCs and CM from BMSCs inreased the axonal length and GAP-43 expression in OGD-injured cortical neurons. There was no difference between the effects of BMSCs of 5×105/ml and of 5×103/ml on axonal outgrowth. Expression of pAKT enhanced significantly at 2 hours and the neuron survival increased at 48 hours after the injured neurons cultured with the CM, respectively. These effects of CM were prevented by inhibitor LY294002. Conclusions/Significance BMSCs promote axonal outgrowth and the survival of neurons against the damage from OGD in vitro by the paracrine effects through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Yixian Zhang
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Longzai Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Feifei Lin
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Tin Li
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Houwei Du
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Ronghua Chen
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
| | - Nan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Institute of Cerebral Vascular Disease of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, People Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Paul G, Anisimov SV. The secretome of mesenchymal stem cells: potential implications for neuroregeneration. Biochimie 2013; 95:2246-56. [PMID: 23871834 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2013.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells have shown regenerative properties in many tissues. This feature had originally been ascribed to their multipotency and thus their ability to differentiate into tissue-specific cells. However, many researchers consider the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells the most important player in the observed reparative effects of these cells. In this review, we specifically focus on the potential neuroregenerative effect of mesenchymal stem cells, summarize several possible mechanisms of neuroregeneration and list key factors mediating this effect. We illustrate examples of mesenchymal stem cell treatment in central nervous system disorders including stroke, neurodegenerative disorders (such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, multiple system atrophy and cerebellar ataxia) and inflammatory disease (such as multiple sclerosis). We specifically highlight studies where mesenchymal stem cells have entered clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Paul
- Translational Neurology Group, Division of Neurology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Scania University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Comparison of cell proliferation, apoptosis, cellular morphology and ultrastructure between human umbilical cord and placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Neurosci Lett 2013; 541:77-82. [PMID: 23523648 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2013.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Research in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is mainly focused on applications for treatments of brain and spinal cord injury as well as mechanisms underlying effects of MSCs. However, due to numerous limitations, there is little information on selection of appropriate sources of MSCs for transplantation in clinical applications. Therefore, in this study we compared various properties of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (HUCMSCs) with human placenta-derived MSCs (HPDMSCs), including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cellular morphology, ultrastructure, and their ability to secrete various growth factors (i.e. vascular endothelial growth factor, insulin-like growth factors-1, and hepatocyte growth factor), which will allow us to select appropriate MSC sources for cellular therapy. Cell culture, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscope (TEM) and atomic force microscope (AFM) were used for assessment of HUCMSCs and HPDMSCs. Results showed that the two types of cells appeared slightly different when they were observed under AFM. HUCMSCs appeared more fibroblast-like, whereas HPDMSCs appeared as large flat cells. HUCMSCs had higher proliferative rate and lower rate of apoptosis than HPDMSCs (p<0.05). However, HPDMSCs secreted more of the three growth factors than HUCMSCs (p<0.05). Results of TEM revealed that the two types of MSCs underwent active metabolism and had low degree of differentiation, especially HUCMSCs. Results of AFM showed that HUCMSCs had stronger ability of mass transport and cell migration than HPDMSCs. However, HPDMSCs displayed stronger adhesive properties than HUCMSCs. Our findings indicate that different sources of MSCs have different properties, and that care should be taken when choosing the appropriate sources of MSCs for stem cell transplantation.
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