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Messina S, Prüter H, Czirják GÁ, Costantini D. Lower adaptive immunity in invasive Egyptian geese compared to sympatric native waterfowls. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 299:111752. [PMID: 39366547 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2024] [Revised: 09/28/2024] [Accepted: 09/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/06/2024]
Abstract
Successful invasive species increase their spreading success by trading-off nutritional and metabolic resources allocated to reproduction and range expansion with other costly body functions. One proposed mechanism for the reallocation of resources is a trade-off with the immune function and the regulation of oxidative status. Relying on a panel of blood-based markers of immune function and oxidative status quantified in an invasive species (Egyptian goose) and two native competing species (mallard and mute swan) in Germany, we tested the hypothesis that the invasive species would have (i) lower investment in immune function, (ii) lower levels of oxidative damage, and (iii) no higher antioxidant defences compared to the native species. We found lower levels of adaptive immune markers (lymphocytes and immunoglobulin Y), in the invasive species compared to the two native species. Innate immune profile was generally similar between Egyptian geese and mallards. By contrast, mute swans showed higher levels of heterophils and lysozymes, and lower levels of bacteria killing ability compared to both Egyptian geese and mallards. Mute swans also showed higher levels of haemolysis and haemagglutination, but lower levels of monocytes and haematocrit compared to Egyptian geese. Reactive oxygen metabolites, a marker of oxidative damage, were higher in mallards and lower in Egyptian geese compared to the other waterfowl species, while levels of antioxidants were generally similar among the three species. Our results point to a reduced investment in adaptive immune function in the invasive species as a possible resources-saving immunological strategy due to the loss of co-evolved parasites in the new colonised habitats, as observed in a previous study. A lower investment in immune function may benefit other energy-demanding activities, such as reproduction, dispersal, and territoriality, while maintaining relatively higher innate immunity is beneficial since invasive species mainly encounter novel pathogens. Results pointed out also other important species-specific differences in baseline immune status, supporting previous findings on the relationship between species' body mass and immune profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Messina
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy; Behavioural Ecology & Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
| | - Hanna Prüter
- Department of Ornithology, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Eberhard-Gwinner-Strasse, 82319 Seewiesen, Germany
| | - Gábor Árpád Czirják
- Department of Wildlife Diseases, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Alfred-Kowalke-Str 17, 10315 Berlin, Germany
| | - David Costantini
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Largo dell'Università s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy. https://twitter.com/DavidZool
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2
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Galià-Camps C, Enguídanos A, Turon X, Pascual M, Carreras C. The past, the recent, and the ongoing evolutionary processes of the worldwide invasive ascidian Styela plicata. Mol Ecol 2024:e17502. [PMID: 39205460 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Invasive species are one of the main threats to global biodiversity and, within marine ecosystems, tunicates feature some prominent examples. Styela plicata is an ascidian species inhabiting harbours in all temperate oceans and seas, thus being considered a thriving invasive species. However, this species' adaptive mechanisms, introduction history, and population structure have never been completely elucidated. Here, by genotyping 87 S. plicata individuals from 18 localities worldwide with 2b-RADseq, we confirm the global presence of four chromosome inversions, demonstrate population structuring on this species, detect local adaptation signals, and infer historical demographic events. We show that North Carolina individuals constitute an unrelated population, Atlanto-Mediterranean and Pacific localities form their own genetic clusters with substructuring, being the most evident the split between northern and southern Atlantic localities. The locality of South Carolina presents an intermediate genetic position between North Carolina and the other two groups pointing to a hybrid origin with recurrent gene flow. We generate and test demographic models, providing evidence of two independent introduction events to the Atlantic and Pacific, and an admixture that originated the population of South Carolina. Finally, we identify candidate loci for adaptation, with functions involved with cell processes, metabolism, development, and ion transport, among others. Overall, this study highlights the complex historical processes of S. plicata, which have led this species to its current distribution, population structure, and local adaptation footprint in oceans worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Galià-Camps
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Marine Ecology, Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Alba Enguídanos
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Turon
- Department of Marine Ecology, Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Marta Pascual
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Carreras
- Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Boukan A, Nozari J, Naseri Karimi N, Talebzadeh F, Pahlavan Yali K, Oshaghi MA. Genetic structure of black soldier flies in northern Iran. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0308953. [PMID: 39146257 PMCID: PMC11326627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, is known for nutrient-recycling through the bioconversion of organic waste into protein-rich insect larvae that can be processed into an animal feed ingredient. However, information on species distribution and its genetic structure in Iran is scarce. METHODS AND RESULTS We directed a survey on the Caspian Sea coast, with a reconstructing demographic relationships study using two parts of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase 1 (COI) gene (barcode and 3' end regions) and nuclear internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) to identify BSF' genetic diversity in retrospect to the global diversity and the potential origin of the Iranian BSF population. Larvae and adults were recovered from highly decomposed poultry manure, in May 2020. Sequence analysis of both regions of COI gene (about 1500 bp) revealed a single haplotype, identical to that of haplotype C, a worldwide commercial strain originated from Nearctic, Palearctic, or African biogeographic regions. However, the ITS2 locus was confirmed to be invariable across samples from diverse biogeographic regions. CONCLUSION The results proved the presence of BSF in north of Iran. However, it is not possible to determine with certainty when and where this species first established in Iran, and they have likely been released to nature due to the existence of companies importing and breeding such flies. Due to heavy international trading, the introduction and settlement of this fly in the southern coasts of the country is highly suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afrooz Boukan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Jamasb Nozari
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Nazanin Naseri Karimi
- Departement of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Talebzadeh
- Departement of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Katayoun Pahlavan Yali
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Oshaghi
- Departement of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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4
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Peter N, Schantz AV, Dörge DD, Steinhoff A, Cunze S, Skaljic A, Klimpel S. Evidence of predation pressure on sensitive species by raccoons based on parasitological studies. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2024; 24:100935. [PMID: 38638363 PMCID: PMC11024658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2024.100935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
To demonstrate predation and potential impacts of raccoons on various species, a total of 108 raccoons from aquatic-associated nature reserves and natural areas in three federal states of Germany, Hesse (n = 36), Saxony-Anhalt (n = 36) and Brandenburg (n = 36), were investigated from a dietary ecological perspective in the present study. Fecal analyses and stomach content examinations were conducted for this purpose. Additionally, as a supplementary method for analyzing the dietary spectrum of raccoons, the parasite fauna was considered, as metazoan parasites, in particular, can serve as indicators for the species and origin of food organisms. While stomach content analyses allow for a detailed recording of trophic relationships solely at the time of sampling, parasitological examinations enable inferences about more distant interaction processes. With their different developmental stages and heteroxenous life cycles involving specific, sometimes obligate, intermediate hosts, they utilize the food web to reach their definitive host. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that spawning areas of amphibians and reptiles were predominantly utilized as food resources by raccoons in the study areas. Thus, common toad (Bufo bufo), common newt (Lissotriton vulgaris), grass frog (Rana temporaria), and grass snake (Natrix natrix) were identified as food organisms for raccoons. The detection of the parasite species Euryhelmis squamula, Isthmiophora melis, and Physocephalus sexalatus with partially high infestation rates also suggests that both amphibians and reptiles belong to the established dietary components of raccoons from an ecological perspective, as amphibians and reptiles are obligate intermediate hosts in the respective parasitic life cycles of the detected parasites. The study clearly demonstrates that raccoons have a significant impact on occurrence-sensitive animal species in certain areas and, as an invasive species, can exert a negative influence on native species and ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Peter
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt/Main, D-60439, Germany
| | - Anna V. Schantz
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt/Main, D-60439, Germany
| | - Dorian D. Dörge
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt/Main, D-60439, Germany
| | - Anne Steinhoff
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt/Main, D-60439, Germany
| | - Sarah Cunze
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt/Main, D-60439, Germany
| | - Ajdin Skaljic
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt/Main, D-60439, Germany
| | - Sven Klimpel
- Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe-University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, Frankfurt/Main, D-60439, Germany
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt/Main, D-60325, Germany
- LOEWE Centre for Translational Biodiversity Genomics (LOEWE-TBG), Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Branch Bioresources, Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology, Ohlebergsweg 12, 35392, Giessen, Germany
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Dumont M, Herrel A, Courant J, Padilla P, Shahar R, Milgram J. Femoral bone structure and mechanics at the edge and core of an expanding population of the invasive frog Xenopus laevis. J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246419. [PMID: 38904393 PMCID: PMC11418183 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Understanding how living tissues respond to changes in their mechanical environment is a key question in evolutionary biology. Invasive species provide an ideal model for this as they are often transplanted between environments that differ drastically in their ecological and environmental context. Spatial sorting, the name given to the phenomenon driving differences between individuals at the core and edge of an expanding range, has been demonstrated to impact the morphology and physiology of Xenopus laevis from the invasive French population. Here, we combined a structural analysis using micro-CT scanning and a functional analysis by testing the mechanical properties of the femur to test whether the increased dispersal at the range edge drives differences in bone morphology and function. Our results show significant differences in the inner structure of the femur as well as bone material properties, with frogs from the centre of the range having more robust and resistant bones. This is suggestive of an energy allocation trade-off between locomotion and investment in bone formation, or alternatively, may point to selection for fast locomotion at the range edge. Overall, our results provide insights on the growth of the long bones and the formation of trabecular bone in frogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maïtena Dumont
- Laboratory of Bone Biomechanics, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, PO Box 12, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
- Max-Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials, MPISM, D-40237, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anthony Herrel
- UMR 7179 CNRS/MNHN, Département Adaptations du Vivant, Bâtiment d'Anatomie Comparée, 55 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Evolutionary Morphology of Vertebrates, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
- Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
- Naturhistorisches Museum Bern, 3005 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Julien Courant
- UMR 7179 CNRS/MNHN, Département Adaptations du Vivant, Bâtiment d'Anatomie Comparée, 55 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pablo Padilla
- UMR 7179 CNRS/MNHN, Département Adaptations du Vivant, Bâtiment d'Anatomie Comparée, 55 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Amphibians (LECA), Freshwater and Oceanic Science Unit of Research (FOCUS), University of Liège, Liège, Liege 4000, Belgium
| | - Ron Shahar
- Laboratory of Bone Biomechanics, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, PO Box 12, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Joshua Milgram
- Laboratory of Bone Biomechanics, Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, PO Box 12, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
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6
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He F, Sun J, Wan JSH, Nawaz M, Javed Q, Pan L, Khattak WA, Bo Y, Xiang Y, Ren G, Lin X, Du D. Microplastics and cadmium affect invasion success by altering complementarity and selection effects in native community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 921:171135. [PMID: 38402976 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The diversity-invasibility hypothesis predicts that native plant communities with high biodiversity should be more resistant to invasion than low biodiversity communities. However, observational studies have found that there is often a positive relationship between native community diversity and invasibility. Pollutants were not tested for their potential to cause this positive relationship. Here, we established native communities with three levels of diversity (1, 2 and 4 species) and introduced an invasive plant [Symphyotrichum subulatum (Michx.) G. L. Nesom] to test the effects of different pollutant treatments (i.e., unpolluted control, microplastics (MPs) alone, cadmium (Cd) alone, and their combination) on the relationship between native community diversity and community invasibility. Our results indicate that different MPs and Cd treatments altered the invasibility of native communities, but this effect may depend on the type of pollutant. MPs single treatment reduced invasion success, and the degree of reduction increased with increasing native community diversity (Diversity 2: - 14.1 %; Diversity 4: - 63.1 %). Cd single treatment increased the aboveground biomass of invasive plants (+ 40.2 %) and invasion success. The presence of MPs inhibited the contribution of Cd to invasion success. Furthermore, we found that the complementarity and selection effects of the native community were negatively correlated with invasion success, and their relative contributions to invasion success also depended on the pollutant type. We found new evidence of how pollutants affect the relationship between native community diversity and habitat invasibility, which provides new perspectives for understanding and managing biological invasions in the context of environmental pollution. This may contribute to promoting the conservation of biodiversity, especially in ecologically sensitive and polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng He
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Jianfan Sun
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Justin S H Wan
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Mohsin Nawaz
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qaiser Javed
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Linxuan Pan
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wajid Ali Khattak
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yanwen Bo
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Guangqian Ren
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Daolin Du
- Jingjiang College, Institute of Enviroment and Ecology, School of Emergency Management, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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7
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Borgelt J, Dorber M, Géron C, Kuipers KJJ, Huijbregts MAJ, Verones F. What Is the Impact of Accidentally Transporting Terrestrial Alien Species? A New Life Cycle Impact Assessment Model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38332475 PMCID: PMC10882960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c08500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Alien species form one of the main threats to global biodiversity. Although Life Cycle Assessment attempts to holistically assess environmental impacts of products and services across value chains, ecological impacts of the introduction of alien species are so far not assessed in Life Cycle Impact Assessment. Here, we developed country-to-country-specific characterization factors, expressed as the time-integrated potentially disappeared fraction (PDF; regional and global) of native terrestrial species due to alien species introductions per unit of goods transported [kg] between two countries. The characterization factors were generated by analyzing global data on first records of alien species, native species distributions, and their threat status, as well as bilateral trade partnerships from 1870-2019. The resulting characterization factors vary over several orders of magnitude, indicating that impact greatly varies per transportation route and trading partner. We showcase the applicability and relevance of the characterization factors for transporting 1 metric ton of freight to France from China, South Africa, and Madagascar. The results suggest that the introduction of alien species can be more damaging for terrestrial biodiversity as climate change impacts during the international transport of commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Borgelt
- Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7034, Norway
| | - Martin Dorber
- Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7034, Norway
| | - Charly Géron
- Biodiversity and Landscape, TERRA research centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
- Plants and Ecosystems, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk 2610, Belgium
- . CNRS, ECOBIO (Écosystèmes, Biodiversité, Évolution), UMR, University of Rennes, Rennes 6553, France
| | - Koen J J Kuipers
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, GL 6500, Netherlands
| | - Mark A J Huijbregts
- Department of Environmental Science, Radboud Institute for Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, GL 6500, Netherlands
| | - Francesca Verones
- Industrial Ecology Programme, Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim 7034, Norway
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8
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Brenner CL, Valdez SR, Zhang YS, Shaver EC, Hughes BB, Silliman BR, Morton JP. Sediment carbon storage differs in native and non-native Caribbean seagrass beds. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 194:106307. [PMID: 38150787 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-native species are expanding globally and can alter ecosystem functions, including food web dynamics, community structure and carbon storage. Seagrass are foundation species that contribute a variety of ecosystem services in near-shore coastal ecosystems, including a significant sink of carbon. In the Caribbean, the rapidly expanding non-native Halophila stipulacea has unknown impacts on carbon storage. To investigate the impacts on carbon storage, we quantified organic carbon (Corg) content in sediment and seagrass tissues from monotypic H. stipulacea beds, mixed native seagrass beds dominated by Thalassia testudinum and Syringodium filiforme, and unvegetated substrate in St. John, USVI. We found native seagrass-vegetated sediment contained 1.3 times more Corg than sediment covered by H. stipulacea, and 1.6 times more Corg than unvegetated areas on average. Whereas, H. stipulacea-dominated substrate stored 1.2 times more Corg than unvegetated substrate. Likewise, native species contained 2.2 times more aboveground biomass and 6.0 times more belowground biomass than H. stipulacea. Since seagrasses are critical sources of carbon sequestration, our results suggest that invading H. stipulacea is associated with lower carbon stocks which has potential implications for conservation activities and climate change mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Brenner
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd., Beaufort, NC 28516, USA.
| | - Stephanie R Valdez
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd., Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Y Stacy Zhang
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd., Beaufort, NC 28516, USA; Department of Marine, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Elizabeth C Shaver
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd., Beaufort, NC 28516, USA; The Nature Conservancy, 4245 Fairfax Dr. #100, Arlington, VA 22203, USA
| | - Brent B Hughes
- Sonoma State University, Department of Biology, 1801 E Cotati Ave, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
| | - Brian R Silliman
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd., Beaufort, NC 28516, USA
| | - Joseph P Morton
- Division of Marine Science and Conservation, Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, 135 Duke Marine Lab Rd., Beaufort, NC 28516, USA; Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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9
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Toutain M, Soto I, Rasmussen JJ, Csabai Z, Várbíró G, Murphy JF, Balzani P, Kouba A, Renault D, Haubrock PJ. Tracking long-term shifts in non-native freshwater macroinvertebrates across three European countries. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167402. [PMID: 37769735 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Non-native species introductions have been acknowledged as one of the main drivers of freshwater biodiversity decline worldwide, compromising provided ecosystem services and functioning. Despite growing introduction numbers of non-native species, their impacts in conjunction with anthropogenic stressors remain poorly documented. To fill this gap, we studied temporal changes in α (local scale) and γ (regional scale), as well as β (ratio between γ and α) diversity of non-native freshwater macroinvertebrate species in three European countries (the Netherlands, England and Hungary) using long-term time series data of up to 17 years (2003-2019). We further calculated four ecological and four biological trait metrics to identify changes in trait occurrences over time. We found that α and γ diversities of non-native species were increasing across all countries whereas β diversity remained stable. We did not identify any significant changes in any trait metric over time, while the predictors tested (land use, climatic predictors, site-specific factor) were similar across countries (e.g., site characteristics or climatic predictors on non-native species trends). Additionally, we projected trends of α, β, and γ diversity and trait metrics until 2040, which indicated that non-native species will decline across all countries to lower levels except in England for γ diversity and the Netherlands for α diversity where an increase was observed. Thus, our findings indicate shifts in non-native freshwater macroinvertebrate diversity at both local and regional scales in response to the various growing anthropogenic pressures. Our findings underscore the continuous dynamics of non-native species distribution, with the diversity of individual communities and overall landscapes witnessing changes. However, the differentiation in species composition between communities remains unaltered. This could have profound implications for conservation strategies and ecological management in the face of continuously changing biodiversity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Toutain
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], 35000 Rennes, France; Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Ismael Soto
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Jes Jessen Rasmussen
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA Denmark), 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Zoltán Csabai
- University of Pécs, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Hydrobiology, Pécs 7622, Hungary; Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany 823, Hungary
| | - Gábor Várbíró
- Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Debrecen 4026, Hungary
| | - John F Murphy
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK
| | - Paride Balzani
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Antonín Kouba
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - David Renault
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, 63571 Gelnhausen, Germany; CAMB, Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
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10
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Martins TCDSL, Santos MDEFSD, Santos MMS, Araújo JDES, Neves CHCB, Garcia ACL, Montes MA. Drosophila nasuta (Diptera, Drosophilidae) in Brazil: a decade of invasion and occupation of more than half of the country. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20230507. [PMID: 38055445 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320230507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As a result of human activities and natural dispersal, exotic species can be brought to new areas, where they become established and spread, becoming invaders. These species are responsible for the loss of biodiversity and cause ecosystemic harm throughout the world. In this paper, we report the rapid, broad geographic expansion of the invasive fly Drosophila nasuta in Brazil. An 84% increase was found in its area of occupation in the country compared to previous studies. The present data reveal its arrival to the Pantanal wetlands in a location more than one thousand kilometers from the closest previous record in the Cerrado biome. We present the first record of D. nasuta in the Atlantic Forest in the states of Paraíba and Bahia. We report its introduction in the Amazon Forest in the state of Amazonas approximately 700 kilometers from previous records. The relative abundance of D. nasuta in this biome increased fivefold in comparison to a previous study. In the first decade of invasion in Brazil, D. nasuta has already colonized more than half of the country. The present data reveal its invasive potential and underscore the importance of following up the possible negative effects of this biological invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Cristina Dos Santos L Martins
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Campus Dois Irmãos, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Maria DE Fátima Severina Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Campus Dois Irmãos, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Manuella Maria S Santos
- Universidade do Estado de MT, Departamento de Biologia, Av. São João, s/n, 78200-000 Cáceres, MT, Brazil
| | - Juliana DE Souza Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Av. General Rodrigo Octávio, 6200, Coroado I, 69080-900 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique C B Neves
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Campus Dois Irmãos, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Lauer Garcia
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória, Rua Alto do Reservatório, s/n, 55608-680 Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, Brazil
| | - Martín Alejandro Montes
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Biologia, Campus Dois Irmãos, Rua Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil
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11
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Vagnon C, Pomeranz J, Loheac B, Vallat M, Guillard J, Raymond JC, Sentis A, Frossard V. Changes in vertical and horizontal diversities mediated by the size structure of introduced fish collectively shape food-web stability. Ecol Lett 2023; 26:1752-1764. [PMID: 37492003 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Species introductions can alter local food-web structure by changing the vertical or horizontal diversity within communities, largely driven by their body size distributions. Increasing vertical and horizontal diversities is predicted to have opposing effects on stability. However, their interactive effects remain largely overlooked. We investigated the independent and collective effects of vertical and horizontal diversities on food-web stability in alpine lakes stocked with variable body size distributions of introduced fish species. Introduced predators destabilize food-webs by increasing vertical diversity through food chain lengthening. Alternatively, increasing horizontal diversity results in more stable food-web topologies. A non-linear interaction between vertical and horizontal diversities suggests that increasing vertical diversity is most destabilizing when horizontal diversity is low. Our findings suggest that the size structure of introduced predators drives their impacts on stability by modifying the structure of food-webs, and highlights the interactive effects of vertical and horizontal diversities on stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Vagnon
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
- Pôle R&D Ecosystèmes Lacustres (ECLA), OFB-INRAE-USMB, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | | | - Bertrand Loheac
- Fédération de Savoie pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique (FDPPMA 73), Saint-Alban-Leysse, France
| | - Manuel Vallat
- Fédération de Savoie pour la Pêche et la Protection du Milieu Aquatique (FDPPMA 73), Saint-Alban-Leysse, France
| | - Jean Guillard
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
- Pôle R&D Ecosystèmes Lacustres (ECLA), OFB-INRAE-USMB, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Jean-Claude Raymond
- Pôle R&D Ecosystèmes Lacustres (ECLA), OFB-INRAE-USMB, Aix-en-Provence, France
- Office Française pour la Biodiversité, Unité Spécialisée Milieux Lacustres, Thonon-les-Bains, France
| | - Arnaud Sentis
- Pôle R&D Ecosystèmes Lacustres (ECLA), OFB-INRAE-USMB, Aix-en-Provence, France
- INRAE, Université Aix Marseille, UMR RECOVER, Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Victor Frossard
- Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, UMR CARRTEL, Thonon-les-Bains, France
- Pôle R&D Ecosystèmes Lacustres (ECLA), OFB-INRAE-USMB, Aix-en-Provence, France
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12
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Cicala D, Guerra MT, Bardelli R, Di Muri C, Ludovisi A, Vizzini S, Mancinelli G. Isotopic Overlap of Invasive and Native Consumers in the Food Web of Lake Trasimeno (Central Italy). BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1270. [PMID: 37759667 PMCID: PMC10525863 DOI: 10.3390/biology12091270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
An advanced characterization of the trophic niche of non-indigenous species (NIS) may provide useful information on their ecological impact on invaded communities. Here, we used carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes to estimate pairwise niche overlaps between non-indigenous and native consumers in the winter food web of Lake Trasimeno (central Italy). Overall, a relatively low pairwise overlap of isotopic niches was observed between NIS and native species. The only exception was the Louisiana crayfish Procambarus clarkii, which showed a relatively high and diffuse overlap with other native invertebrates. Our findings highlighted a high niche divergence between non-indigenous and native species in Lake Trasimeno, suggesting a potentially low degree of interspecific competition that may facilitate coexistence and, in turn, limit the strength of impacts. The divergent results obtained for the Louisiana crayfish indicate that additional control measures for this invasive species are needed to mitigate its impact on the Lake Trasimeno system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cicala
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Guerra
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies-DiSTeBA, University of Salento, SP Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Roberta Bardelli
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences-DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 22, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Cristina Di Muri
- Italian National Research Council, Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems-CNR-IRET, University of Salento, SP Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Alessandro Ludovisi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnologies, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Salvatrice Vizzini
- Department of Earth and Marine Sciences-DiSTeM, University of Palermo, Via Archirafi 22, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare-CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mancinelli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies-DiSTeBA, University of Salento, SP Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
- Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare-CoNISMa, Piazzale Flaminio 9, 00196 Rome, Italy
- Italian National Research Council, Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Biotechnologies-CNR-IRBIM, Via Pola 4, 71010 Lesina, Italy
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13
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Shiri K, Mlambo D, Mutungwazi L. Effects of road and woodland type on the invasibility of woodlands invaded by Lantana camara in southern Africa. ACTA OECOLOGICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actao.2023.103912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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14
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Ribeiro LB, Proença CEB, Tidon R. Host Preferences Shown by Drosophilids (Diptera) in a Commercial Fruit and Vegetable Distribution Center Follow the Wild Neotropical Pattern. INSECTS 2023; 14:375. [PMID: 37103190 PMCID: PMC10141734 DOI: 10.3390/insects14040375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Although drosophilids have been extensively studied in laboratories worldwide, their ecology is still relatively poorly understood. This is unfortunate because some species are currently expanding their geographic distribution and infesting fruit crops. Here, we investigated the relationship between drosophilids and potential plant hosts in a commercial fruit and vegetable distribution center in the Neotropical region. We collected discarded fruits and vegetables from this commercial center during two time periods (2007-2008 and 2017-2018). Resources were weighted and individually monitored in the laboratory. The drosophilids that emerged were identified, and the relationship between them and their resources was explored. From the 99,478 kg of potential hosts collected, we identified 48 plant taxa, from which 48,894 drosophilids of 16 species emerged. On both collecting occasions, drosophilid assemblages were strongly dominated by basically the same exotic species, which explore a broader range of resources, especially those of exotic origin, when compared to neotropical drosophilids. These results are concerning because the studied site, Along with other urban markets around the world, might be acting as sources of generalist widespread species that disperse to surrounding natural vegetation and contribute to biotic homogenization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laís Barbosa Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil;
| | | | - Rosana Tidon
- Graduate Program in Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil;
- Department of Genetics and Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasília, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
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15
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Le Hen G, Balzani P, Haase P, Kouba A, Liu C, Nagelkerke LAJ, Theissen N, Renault D, Soto I, Haubrock PJ. Alien species and climate change drive shifts in a riverine fish community and trait compositions over 35 years. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161486. [PMID: 36626991 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Alien fish substantially impact aquatic communities. However, their effects on trait composition remain poorly understood, especially at large spatiotemporal scales. Here, we used long-term biomonitoring data (1984-2018) from 31 fish communities of the Rhine river in Germany to investigate compositional and functional changes over time. Average total community richness increased by 49 %: it was stable until 2004, then declined until 2010, before increasing until 2018. Average abundance decreased by 9 %. Starting from 198 individuals/m2 in 1984 abundance largely declined to 23 individuals/m2 in 2010 (-88 %), and then consequently increased by 678 % up to 180 individuals/m2 until 2018. Increases in abundance and richness starting around 2010 were mainly driven by the establishment of alien species: while alien species represented 5 % of all species and 0.1 % of total individuals in 1993, it increased to 30 % (7 species) and 32 % of individuals in 2018. Concomitant to the increase in alien species, average native species richness and abundance declined by 26 % and 50 % respectively. We identified increases in temperature, precipitation, abundance and richness of alien fish driving compositional changes after 2010. To get more insights on the impacts of alien species on fish communities, we used 12 biological and 13 ecological traits to compute four trait metrics each. Ecological trait dispersion increased before 2010, probably due to diminishing ecologically similar native species. No changes in trait metrics were measured after 2010, albeit relative shares of expressed trait modalities significantly changing. The observed shift in trait modalities suggested the introduction of new species carrying similar and novel trait modalities. Our results revealed significant changes in taxonomic and trait compositions following alien fish introductions and climatic change. To conclude, our analyses show taxonomic and functional changes in the Rhine river over 35 years, likely indicative of future changes in ecosystem services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwendaline Le Hen
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, 35000 Rennes, France; Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany.
| | - Paride Balzani
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Haase
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Antonín Kouba
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Chunlong Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 7 Donghu South Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430072, China
| | - Leopold A J Nagelkerke
- Aquaculture and Fisheries Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Nikola Theissen
- North Rhine-Westphalia State Agency for Nature, Environment and Consumer Protection, Hauptsitz, Leibnizstraße 10, 45659 Recklinghausen, Germany
| | - David Renault
- Université de Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], UMR 6553, 35000 Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Ismael Soto
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic; CAMB, Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics, Gulf University for Science and Technology, Kuwait
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16
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Wang G, Gao J, Ma Z, Liu Y, Wang M, Xing D, Li C, Guo X, Zhao T, Jiang Y, Dong Y, Zhang H, Zhao T. Population genetic characteristics of Aedes aegypti in 2019 and 2020 under the distinct circumstances of dengue outbreak and the COVID-19 pandemic in Yunnan Province, China. Front Genet 2023; 14:1107893. [PMID: 36968606 PMCID: PMC10033842 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1107893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Since Aedes aegypti invaded Yunnan Province in 2002, its total population has continued to expand. Shi et al. used microsatellite and mitochondrial molecular markers to study the Ae. aegypti populations in Yunnan Province in 2015 and 2016, found that it showed high genetic diversity and genetic structure. However, there are few studies on the population genetic characteristics of Ae. aegypti in Yunnan Province under different levels of human intervention. This study mainly used two common types of molecular markers to analyze the genetic characteristics of Ae. aegypti, revealing the influence of different input, prevention and control pressures on the genetic diversity and structure of this species. Understanding the genetic characteristics of Ae. aegypti populations and clarifying the diversity, spread status, and source of invasion are essential for the prevention, control and elimination of this disease vector. Methods: We analyzed the genetic diversity and genetic structure of 22 populations sampled in Yunnan Province in 2019 and 17 populations sampled in 2020 through nine microsatellite loci and COI and ND4 fragments of mitochondrial DNA. In 2019, a total of 22 natural populations were obtained, each containing 30 samples, a total of 660 samples. In 2020, a total of 17 natural populations were obtained. Similarly, each population had 30 samples, and a total of 510 samples were obtained. Results: Analysis of Ae. aegypti populations in 2019 and 2020 based on microsatellite markers revealed 67 and 72 alleles, respectively. The average allelic richness of the populations in 2019 was 3.659, while that in 2020 was 3.965. The HWE analysis of the 22 populations sampled in 2019 revealed significant departure only in the QSH-2 population. The 17 populations sampled in 2020 were all in HWE. The average polymorphic information content (PIC) values were 0.546 and 0.545, respectively, showing high polymorphism. The average observed heterozygosity of the 2019 and 2020 populations was 0.538 and 0.514, respectively, and the expected average heterozygosity was 0.517 and 0.519, showing high genetic diversity in all mosquito populations. By analyzing the COI and ND4 fragments in the mitochondrial DNA of Ae. aegypti, the populations sampled in 2019 had a total of 10 COI haplotypes and 17 ND4 haplotypes. A total of 20 COI haplotypes were found in the populations sampled in 2020, and a total of 24 ND4 haplotypes were obtained. STRUCTURE, UPGMA and DAPC cluster analyses and a network diagram constructed based on COI and ND4 fragments showed that the populations of Ae. aegypti in Yunnan Province sampled in 2019 and 2020 could be divided into two clusters. At the beginning of 2020, due to the impact of COVID-19, the flow of goods between the port areas of Yunnan Province and neighboring countries was reduced, and the sterilization was more effective when goods enter the customs, leading to different immigration pressures on Ae. aegypti population in Yunnan Province between 2019 and 2020, the source populations of the 2019 and 2020 populations changed. Mantel test is generally used to detect the correlation between genetic distance and geographical distance, the analysis indicated that population geographic distance and genetic distance had a moderately significant correlation in 2019 and 2020 (2019: p < 0.05 R2 = 0.4807, 2020: p < 0.05 R2 = 0.4233). Conclusion: Ae. aegypti in Yunnan Province maintains a high degree of genetic diversity. Human interference is one reason for the changes in the genetic characteristics of this disease vector.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hengduan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
| | - Tongyan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, China
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17
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Khan IU, Qi SS, Gul F, Manan S, Rono JK, Naz M, Shi XN, Zhang H, Dai ZC, Du DL. A Green Approach Used for Heavy Metals 'Phytoremediation' Via Invasive Plant Species to Mitigate Environmental Pollution: A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12040725. [PMID: 36840073 PMCID: PMC9964337 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) normally occur in nature and are rapidly released into ecosystems by anthropogenic activities, leading to a series of threats to plant productivity as well as human health. Phytoremediation is a clean, eco-friendly, and cost-effective method for reducing soil toxicity, particularly in weedy plants (invasive plant species (IPS)). This method provides a favorable tool for HM hyperaccumulation using invasive plants. Improving the phytoremediation strategy requires a profound knowledge of HM uptake and translocation as well as the development of resistance or tolerance to HMs. This review describes a comprehensive mechanism of uptake and translocation of HMs and their subsequent detoxification with the IPS via phytoremediation. Additionally, the improvement of phytoremediation through advanced biotechnological strategies, including genetic engineering, nanoparticles, microorganisms, CRISPR-Cas9, and protein basis, is discussed. In summary, this appraisal will provide a new platform for the uptake, translocation, and detoxification of HMs via the phytoremediation process of the IPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Ullah Khan
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Shan-Shan Qi
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Farrukh Gul
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sehrish Manan
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Justice Kipkorir Rono
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Misbah Naz
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Xin-Ning Shi
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- School of Inspection and Testing Certificate, Changzhou Vocational Institute Engineering, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Zhi-Cong Dai
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Dao-Lin Du
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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18
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Page ML, Williams NM. Honey bee introductions displace native bees and decrease pollination of a native wildflower. Ecology 2023; 104:e3939. [PMID: 36457280 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Introduced species can have cascading effects on ecological communities, but indirect effects of species introductions are rarely the focus of ecological studies. For example, managed honey bees (Apis mellifera) have been widely introduced outside their native range and are increasingly dominant floral visitors. Multiple studies have documented how honey bees impact native bee communities through floral resource competition, but few have quantified how these competitive interactions indirectly affect pollination and plant reproduction. Such indirect effects are hard to detect because honey bees are themselves pollinators and may directly impact pollination through their own floral visits. The potentially huge but poorly understood impacts that non-native honey bees have on native plant populations combined with increased pressure from beekeepers to place hives in U.S. National Parks and Forests makes exploring impacts of honey bee introductions on native plant pollination of pressing concern. In this study, we used experimental hive additions, field observations, as well as single-visit and multiple-visit pollination effectiveness trials across multiple years to untangle the direct and indirect impacts of increasing honey bee abundance on the pollination of an ecologically important wildflower, Camassia quamash. We found compelling evidence that honey bee introductions indirectly decrease pollination by reducing nectar and pollen availability and competitively excluding visits from more effective native bees. In contrast, the direct impact of honey bee visits on pollination was negligible, and, if anything, negative. Honey bees were ineffective pollinators, and increasing visit quantity could not compensate for inferior visit quality. Indeed, although the effect was not statistically significant, increased honey bee visits had a marginally negative impact on seed production. Thus, honey bee introductions may erode longstanding plant-pollinator mutualisms, with negative consequences for plant reproduction. Our study calls for a more thorough understanding of the indirect effects of species introductions and more careful coordination of hive placements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maureen L Page
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Neal M Williams
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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19
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Daly EZ, Chabrerie O, Massol F, Facon B, Hess MC, Tasiemski A, Grandjean F, Chauvat M, Viard F, Forey E, Folcher L, Buisson E, Boivin T, Baltora‐Rosset S, Ulmer R, Gibert P, Thiébaut G, Pantel JH, Heger T, Richardson DM, Renault D. A synthesis of biological invasion hypotheses associated with the introduction–naturalisation–invasion continuum. OIKOS 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.09645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ella Z. Daly
- Univ. of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR 6553 Rennes France
| | - Olivier Chabrerie
- Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, UMR 7058 CNRS EDYSAN Amiens Cedex 1 France
| | - Francois Massol
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Inst. Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Lille France
| | - Benoit Facon
- CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier Institut Agro, Univ. Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Manon C.M. Hess
- Inst. Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), UMR: Aix Marseille Univ., Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD France
- Inst. de Recherche pour la Conservation des zones Humides Méditerranéennes Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc Arles France
| | - Aurélie Tasiemski
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Inst. Pasteur de Lille, U1019 – UMR 9017 – CIIL – Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille Lille France
| | - Frédéric Grandjean
- Univ. de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI‐Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, équipe EES Poitiers Cedex 09 France
| | | | | | - Estelle Forey
- Normandie Univ., UNIROUEN, INRAE, USC ECODIV Rouen France
| | - Laurent Folcher
- ANSES – Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Alimentation, de l'Environnement et du Travail, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux – Unité de Nématologie Le Rheu France
| | - Elise Buisson
- Inst. Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Ecologie Marine et Continentale (IMBE), UMR: Aix Marseille Univ., Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD France
| | - Thomas Boivin
- INRAE, UR629 Écologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes, Centre de Recherche Provence‐Alpes‐Côte d'Azur Avignon France
| | | | - Romain Ulmer
- Univ. de Picardie Jules Verne, UMR 7058 CNRS EDYSAN Amiens Cedex 1 France
| | - Patricia Gibert
- UMR 5558 CNRS – Univ. Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive, Bât. Gregor Mendel Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Gabrielle Thiébaut
- Univ. of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR 6553 Rennes France
| | - Jelena H. Pantel
- Ecological Modelling, Faculty of Biology, Univ. of Duisburg‐Essen Essen Germany
| | - Tina Heger
- Leibniz Inst. of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB) Berlin Germany
- Technical Univ. of Munich, Restoration Ecology Freising Germany
| | - David M. Richardson
- Centre for Invasion Biology, Dept. Botany & Zoology, Stellenbosch University Stellenbosch South Africa
- Inst. of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
| | - David Renault
- Univ. of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO (Ecosystèmes, Biodiversité, Evolution), UMR 6553 Rennes France
- Inst. Universitaire de France Paris Cedex 05 France
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Significant changes in soil microbial community structure and metabolic function after Mikania micrantha invasion. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1141. [PMID: 36670134 PMCID: PMC9860029 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27851-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, Mikania micrantha (M. micrantha) has invaded Guangdong, Guangxi and other provinces in China, causing serious harm to the forests of southeastern China. Soil microorganisms play an important role in the establishment of M. micrantha invasion, affecting plant productivity, community dynamics, and ecosystem function. However, at present, how M. micrantha invasion affects soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus phase functional genes and the environmental factors that cause gene expression changes remain unclear, especially in subtropical forest ecosystems. This study was conducted in Xiangtoushan National Forest Park in Guangdong Province to compare the changes in soil nutrients and microorganisms after M. micrantha invasion of a forest. The microbial community composition and metabolic function were explored by metagenome sequencing. Our results showed that after M. micrantha invasion, the soil was more suitable for the growth of gram-positive bacteria (Gemmatimonadetes). In addition, the soil microbial community structure and enzyme activity increased significantly after M. micrantha invasion. Correlation analysis and Mantel test results suggested that total phosphorus (TP), nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N), and soil dissolved organic matter (DOM; DOC and DON), were the strong correlates of soil microbial nitrogen functional genes, while soil organic matter (SOM), soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), and available phosphorus (Soil-AP) were strongly correlated with the expression of soil microbial phosphorus functional gene. Mikania micrantha invasion alters soil nutrients, microbial community composition and metabolic function in subtropical forests, creates a more favorable growth environment, and may form a positive feedback process conducive to M. micrantha invasion.
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21
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Alien Species in the Pioneer and Ruderal Vegetation of Ukraine. DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14121085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Invasions of nonnative plants are widely recognized as one of the major threats to the biodiversity of natural ecosystems on a global scale. Pioneer and ruderal habitats are the primary locations for the penetration of alien plants. Both pioneer and ruderal vegetation are very close in their genesis and beginning of development; therefore, a comparative analysis of their alien components and historical trends would contribute to clarifying the direction of successional changes and the possible management of destructive processes caused by anthropogenic influences in different types of habitats. The results of a structural and comparative analysis of the alien fractions of the coenofloras of the pioneer and ruderal vegetation of Ukraine indicated that the systematic, biomorphological, ecological, and geographical structures of these species show a high similarity, according to many of the main indicators, which allows them to successfully implement a strategy of invasion, particularly in communities characterized by instability and weak coenotic connections. It was established that the ecotopes of both types of vegetation are very favorable to the penetration and establishment of alien species; however, disturbed habitats of the ruderal type are more prone to invasions. In the communities of both pioneer and ruderal vegetation, alien species can become successfully established at the coenotic level, forming phytocoenoses of different hierarchical ranks. The results of this study will contribute to the identification of general patterns of invasions and the optimization (management) of disturbed and unstable natural ecosystems.
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22
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Rojas‐Sandoval J, Ackerman JD, Marcano‐Vega H, Willig MR. Alien species affect the abundance and richness of native species in tropical forests: The role of adaptive strategies. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.4291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - James D. Ackerman
- Department of Biology University of Puerto Rico San Juan Puerto Rico USA
| | | | - Michael R. Willig
- Institute of the Environment, Center for Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Connecticut Storrs Connecticut USA
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23
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A New Invasion of the Common Slider on a Mediterranean Island (Lesvos, Greece): A Potential Threat to Native Terrapin Populations? DIVERSITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/d14121018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Island wetlands are considered crucial to biodiversity due to their unique ecological, biogeographical, and socioeconomic dynamics. However, these habitat types are particularly vulnerable to invasion; invasive species can cause severe ecological, evolutionary, and epidemiological impacts on native species. One of the most important invasive species, the common slider Trachemys scripta, an opportunistic inhabitant of freshwater habitats, has been released in multiple localities across Greece in recent years, and has expanded its range through random and unintentional releases in the Aegean islands. Since its first documented record on the island of Crete in 1998, the species has been observed on six more islands. Here, we report, for the first time, two subspecies of the common slider (T. scripta scripta and T. scripta elegans) on the wetlands of the island of Lesvos. We discuss the potential threats to native terrapins and we examine whether the introduction of this invasive species has affected native terrapins by monitoring their populations for 12 consecutive years (2010–2022). We found the common slider in 3 out of 110 wetlands surveyed. At one site, we document the presence of invasive terrapins belonging to two different subspecies. In all surveyed wetlands, we found stable populations of the two native freshwater terrapins, Mauremys rivulata and Emys orbicularis, with the first species found in much larger populations than the second. Despite these reassuring findings, the presence of this introduced species on the island of Lesvos raises serious concerns regarding its negative effects on the local terrapin populations. We propose that systematic and thorough monitoring of insular wetlands, as in the case of Lesvos, should be adopted on other islands as well, with priority on those where the common slider has been recorded.
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Hafsi A, Delatte H. Enterobactereaceae symbiont as facilitators of biological invasion: review on Tephritidae fruit flies. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02960-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Bühlmann I, Gossner MM. Invasive Drosophila suzukii outnumbers native controphics and causes substantial damage to fruits of forest plants. NEOBIOTA 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.77.87319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Impacts of biological invasions are diverse and can have far-reaching consequences for ecosystems. The spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii, is a major invasive pest of fruits, which negatively affects fruit and wine production. However, little is known about the ecological impact of this fly species on more natural ecosystems it has invaded, such as forests. In this study, we investigated the use of potential host plants by D. suzukii at 64 sites in different forest communities in Switzerland from mid-June to mid-October 2020. We examined more than 12,000 fruits for egg deposits of D. suzukii to assess its direct impact on the plants. We recorded symptoms of fruit decay after egg deposition to determine if D. suzukii attacks trigger fruit decay. In addition, we monitored the drosophilid fauna with cup traps baited with apple cider vinegar, as we expected that D. suzukii would outnumber and potentially outcompete native controphics, especially other drosophilids. Egg deposits of D. suzukii were found on the fruits of 31 of the 39 potential host plant species studied, with 18 species showing an attack rate > 50%. Overall, fruits of Cotoneaster divaricatus (96%), Atropa bella-donna (91%), Rubus fruticosus corylifolius aggr. (91%), Frangula alnus (85%) and Sambucus nigra (83%) were attacked particularly frequently, resulting also in high predicted attack probabilities that varied among forest communities. Later and longer fruiting, black fruit colour, larger fruit size and higher pulp pH all positively affected attack rates. More than 50% of the plant species showed severe symptoms of decay after egg deposition, with higher pulp sugar content leading to more severe symptoms. The high fruit attack rate observed was reflected in a high abundance and dominance of D. suzukii in trap catches, independent of forest community and elevation. Drosophila suzukii was by far the most abundant species, accounting for 86% (81,395 individuals) of all drosophilids. The abundance of D. suzukii was negatively associated with the abundance of the native drosophilids. Our results indicate that the invasive D. suzukii competes strongly with other frugivorous species and that its presence might have far-reaching ecosystem-level consequences. The rapid decay of fruits attacked by D. suzukii leads to a loss of resources and may disrupt seed-dispersal mutualisms through the reduced consumption of fruits by dispersers such as birds.
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Haelewaters D, Losey JE, Soares AO. Editorial: Ladybirds: Conservation, ecology and interactions with other organisms. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.1038307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Ssemanda DM, Ssekuubwa E. Broussonetia papyrifera invasion reduces the abundance and basal area of selected native timber species in a tropical moist forest in Uganda. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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28
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Renault D, Hess MCM, Braschi J, Cuthbert RN, Sperandii MG, Bazzichetto M, Chabrerie O, Thiébaut G, Buisson E, Grandjean F, Bittebiere AK, Mouchet M, Massol F. Advancing biological invasion hypothesis testing using functional diversity indices. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155102. [PMID: 35398434 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pioneering investigations on the effects of introduced populations on community structure, ecosystem functioning and services have focused on the effects of invaders on taxonomic diversity. However, taxonomic-based diversity metrics overlook the heterogeneity of species roles within and among communities. As the homogenizing effects of biological invasions on community and ecosystem processes can be subtle, they may require the use of functional diversity indices to be properly evidenced. Starting from the listing of major functional diversity indices, alongside the presentation of their strengths and limitations, we focus on studies pertaining to the effects of invasive species on native communities and recipient ecosystems using functional diversity indices. By doing so, we reveal that functional diversity of the recipient community may strongly vary at the onset of the invasion process, while it stabilizes at intermediate and high levels of invasion. As functional changes occurring during the lag phase of an invasion have been poorly investigated, we show that it is still unknown whether there are consistent changes in functional diversity metrics that could indicate the end of the lag phase. Thus, we recommend providing information on the invasion stage under consideration when computing functional diversity metrics. For the existing literature, it is also surprising that very few studies explored the functional difference between organisms from the recipient communities and invaders of the same trophic levels, or assessed the effects of non-native organism establishment into a non-analogue versus an analogue community. By providing valuable tools for obtaining in-depth diagnostics of community structure and functioning, functional diversity indices can be applied for timely implementation of restoration plans and improved conservation strategies. To conclude, our work provides a first synthetic guide for their use in hypothesis testing in invasion biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Renault
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)] - UMR 6553, Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 rue Descartes, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France.
| | - Manon C M Hess
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), UMR Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, France; Institut de recherche pour la conservation des zones humides méditerranéennes Tour du Valat, Le Sambuc, 13200 Arles, France; NGE-GUINTOLI, Saint-Etienne du Grès, Parc d'activités de Laurade - BP22, 13156 Tarascon Cedex, France
| | - Julie Braschi
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), UMR Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, France; Naturalia-Environnement, Ingénierie en écologie, 20 Rue Lawrence Durrell, 84140 Avignon, France
| | - Ross N Cuthbert
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, BT9 5DL Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Marta G Sperandii
- Dipartimento di Scienze, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, Viale G. Marconi 446, 00146 Roma, Italy
| | - Manuele Bazzichetto
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)] - UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Olivier Chabrerie
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UMR 7058 CNRS EDYSAN, 1 rue des Louvels, 80037 Amiens Cedex 1, France
| | - Gabrielle Thiébaut
- University of Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)] - UMR 6553, Rennes, France
| | - Elise Buisson
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d'Écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), UMR Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, France
| | - Frédéric Grandjean
- Université de Poitiers, UMR CNRS 7267 EBI- Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, équipe EES, 5 rue Albert Turpin, Bat B8-B35, TSA 51106, 86073 Poitiers Cedex 09, France
| | - Anne-Kristel Bittebiere
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 LEHNA, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maud Mouchet
- UMR 7204 MNHN-SU-CNRS CESCO, CP135, 57 rue Cuvier, 75005 Paris, France
| | - François Massol
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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Byrne D, Scheben A, Scott JK, Webber BL, Batchelor KL, Severn-Ellis AA, Gooden B, Bell KL. Genomics reveals the history of a complex plant invasion and improves the management of a biological invasion from the South African-Australian biotic exchange. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9179. [PMID: 36016815 PMCID: PMC9396708 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Many plants exchanged in the global redistribution of species in the last 200 years, particularly between South Africa and Australia, have become threatening invasive species in their introduced range. Refining our understanding of the genetic diversity and population structure of native and alien populations, introduction pathways, propagule pressure, naturalization, and initial spread, can transform the effectiveness of management and prevention of further introductions. We used 20,221 single nucleotide polymorphisms to reconstruct the invasion of a coastal shrub, Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. rotundata (bitou bush) from South Africa, into eastern Australia (EAU), and Western Australia (WAU). We determined genetic diversity and population structure across the native and introduced ranges and compared hypothesized invasion scenarios using Bayesian modeling. We detected considerable genetic structure in the native range, as well as differentiation between populations in the native and introduced range. Phylogenetic analysis showed the introduced samples to be most closely related to the southern-most native populations, although Bayesian analysis inferred introduction from a ghost population. We detected strong genetic bottlenecks during the founding of both the EAU and WAU populations. It is likely that the WAU population was introduced from EAU, possibly involving an unsampled ghost population. The number of private alleles and polymorphic SNPs successively decreased from South Africa to EAU to WAU, although heterozygosity remained high. That bitou bush remains an invasion threat in EAU, despite reduced genetic diversity, provides a cautionary biosecurity message regarding the risk of introduction of potentially invasive species via shipping routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Byrne
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity Floreat Western Australia Australia
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Armin Scheben
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
- Simons Center for Quantitative Biology, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Cold Spring, Harbor New York USA
| | - John K Scott
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity Floreat Western Australia Australia
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Bruce L Webber
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity Floreat Western Australia Australia
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
- Western Australian Biodiversity Science Institute Perth Western Australia Australia
| | | | - Anita A Severn-Ellis
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Ben Gooden
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity Canberra Australian Capital Territory Australia
- Centre for Sustainable Ecosystem Solutions School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong Wollongong New South Wales Australia
| | - Karen L Bell
- CSIRO Health & Biosecurity Floreat Western Australia Australia
- School of Biological Sciences University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
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Gao Z, Liu S, Li W. Biological control for predation invasion based on pair approximation. MATHEMATICAL BIOSCIENCES AND ENGINEERING : MBE 2022; 19:10252-10274. [PMID: 36031993 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions have been paid more attention since invasive species may cause certain threats to local ecosystems. When biological control is adopted, selecting control species for effect better becomes the focus of latest studies. A food web system, with one native species, one invasive species as predator, and one introduced control species preying on both native and invasive species, is established based on pair approximation, in which the spatial landscape of biological invasion and control is concerned, and the local and global dispersal strategies of invasive species, in addition to the predation preferences of control species for native and invasive species, are considered. The influence of the initial density and initial spatial structures of the control species is investigated and the effects of control species releasing time are analyzed. Generally, the earlier the species introduction, the better the control effect, especially for invasive species dispersing globally. Interestingly, too low control species predation preference for native species can lead to unsuccessful introduction, while too much predation preference will have a weak control effect. The larger the control species predatory preference for invasive species is, the more conducive it is to biological control. The extinction of the invasive species is closely related to the initial density and concentration of the control species. This study gives some insights on selecting control species, its appropriate releasing time, and the density and spatial aggregation of it. Some real-life examples are elaborated on, which provides references for biological invasion control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyin Gao
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Sen Liu
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Weide Li
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center of Applied Mathematics of Gansu, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Center for Data Science, Laboratory of Applied Mathematics and Complex System, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Teunissen N, Peters A. Predator suppression by a toxic invader does not cascade to prey due to predation by alternate predators. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02808-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInvasive species often have catastrophic direct effects on native species through increased competition and predation. Less well understood are indirect, cascading effects across trophic levels. To reveal trophic disruptions caused by invasive species, it is necessary to document interactions between species at different trophic levels and across guilds. Here, we take this approach to quantify the impact of the invasion of cane toads at a riparian site in the Kimberley, northwest Australia. These toads are toxic to many native vertebrate predators and following toad arrival we observed the expected severe population decline in monitor lizards. Contrary to expectations however, this did not facilitate species in the next trophic level down: the abundance of their reptilian prey, as well as nest success of a songbird whose nests were predominantly depredated by monitor lizards, remained unchanged. Instead, detailed observations suggest a change in the suite of nest predators, with monitor lizards being replaced by other—mainly avian—predators, possibly reflecting their release from competitors that are more efficient nest predators. Hence, our findings highlight complex indirect effects of an invasive species across trophic levels and indicate that trophic cascades can go undetected when failing to include direct observations on predator–prey interactions.
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Combined Searches of Chinese Language and English Language Databases Provide More Comprehensive Data on the Distribution of Five Pest Thrips Species in China for Use in Pest Risk Assessment. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14052920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Globally, China and the USA are thought to present the greatest biosecurity threat from invasive species given the invasive species they already contain and their trade patterns. A proportion of Chinese scientific publications are published in Chinese language journals in Chinese characters, thus, they are not easily available to the international biosecurity community. Information in these journals may be important for invasive species biosecurity risk assessment. Methods: To assess the need for retrieving information from non-international databases, such as Chinese databases, we compared quantitative and qualitative information on the presence and distribution of five invasive pest thrips species (Frankliniella schultzei, Selenothrips rubrocinctus, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips hawaiiensis, and Thrips palmi) in China, retrieved from an international English language database (Web of Science/WOS) and a Chinese language database (Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure/CNKI). Such information is necessary for climate matching models which are used regularly for pest risk assessment. Results: Few publications on Frankliniella schultzei were found in either database. For the other species, more publications were sourced from CNKI than WOS. More publications on the provincial distribution of S. rubrocinctus and S. dorsalis in China were found in CNKI than the Crop Protection Compendium (CPC); the two sources had equivalent publications on T. palmi and T. hawaiiensis. The combined provincial distributional data from WOS, CNKI and CPC for the four species provided distribution records at a higher latitude than a recently published checklist—information that is important for optimised climate matching. Additionally, CNKI provided sub-provincial distributional data not available in CPC that will enable a more refined approach for climate matching. Data on the relative proportion of publications found in different databases were constant over time. Conclusions: This study, focusing on pest distributional data, illustrates the importance of searching in Chinese databases in combination with standard searches in international databases, to gain a comprehensive understanding of invasive species for biosecurity risk assessment.
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Lin Y, Vidjak O, Ezgeta-Balić D, Bojanić Varezić D, Šegvić-Bubić T, Stagličić N, Zhan A, Briski E. Plankton diversity in Anthropocene: Shipping vs. aquaculture along the eastern Adriatic coast assessed through DNA metabarcoding. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151043. [PMID: 34673064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coastal ecosystems globally are exposed to the most pervasive anthropogenic activities, caused by a suite of human infrastructure and enterprises such as shipping ports, aquaculture facilities, fishing, and tourism. These anthropogenic activities may lead to changes in ecosystem biodiversity, followed by loss of ecosystem functioning and services. Shipping industry and aquaculture have also been recognized as the main vectors for introduction of marine non-indigenous species (NIS) worldwide. In this study, we used DNA metabarcoding-based methods to investigate plankton biodiversity under varying anthropogenic pressures (shipping and bivalve aquaculture) along the eastern Adriatic coast (the northernmost part of the Mediterranean Sea). Our comparative assessment revealed similar community structures among investigated coastal locations (Northern, Central and Southern Adriatic). When the whole plankton communities were considered, they did not differ significantly between port and aquaculture sites. However, the proportion of the unique zOTUs in the port samples was remarkably higher than that in aquaculture sites (40.5% vs 8.2%), indicating that port areas may receive higher abundance and species richness of NIS than aquaculture sites. Further important difference between the two types of anthropogenically impacted habitats was a high abundance of three notorious invaders - M. leidyi, M. gigas, and H. elegans in late summer at the aquaculture site in Northern Adriatic. Therefore, the plankton community of the area is under pressure not only from aquaculture activities, but also establishment of NIS. Port areas are probably under greater introduction pressure from NIS, but aquaculture sites may experience greater community changes due to their establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Ecology and Environment in Minority Areas (Minzu University of China), National Ethnic Affairs Commission, Beijing 100081, China; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China; GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Olja Vidjak
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište Ivana Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Daria Ezgeta-Balić
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište Ivana Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | | | - Tanja Šegvić-Bubić
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište Ivana Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Nika Stagličić
- Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište Ivana Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Aibin Zhan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 18 Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Elizabeta Briski
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, 24105 Kiel, Germany
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Miedema Brown L, Anand M. Plant functional traits as measures of ecosystem service provision. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Madhur Anand
- School of Environmental Sciences University of Guelph Guelph Ontario Canada
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Muñoz NJ, Reid B, Correa C, Madriz RI, Neff BD, Reynolds JD. Emergent trophic interactions following the Chinook salmon invasion of Patagonia. Ecosphere 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas J. Muñoz
- Earth to Ocean Research Group Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia Canada
| | - Brian Reid
- Laboratorio de Limnología Centro de Investigación en Ecosistemas de la Patagonia Coyhaique Chile
| | - Cristian Correa
- Instituto de Conservación Biodiversidad y Territorio Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
- Centro de Humedales Río Cruces Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia Chile
| | - Ruben Isaí Madriz
- Independent Investigator Puerto Rio Tranquilo Chile
- Independent Investigator Aurora Illinois USA
| | - Bryan D. Neff
- Department of Biology University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada
| | - John D. Reynolds
- Earth to Ocean Research Group Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia Canada
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Verde JA, Andre NRS, Belk MC. Variation in Trophic Niches of Fish in Lake Powell Prior to Full Colonization by Quagga Mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis). WEST N AM NATURALIST 2022. [DOI: 10.3398/064.082.0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A. Verde
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 4102 LSB, Provo, UT 84602
| | | | - Mark C. Belk
- Department of Biology, Brigham Young University, 4102 LSB, Provo, UT 84602
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Eppinga MB, Haber EA, Sweeney L, Santos MJ, Rietkerk M, Wassen MJ. Antigonon leptopus invasion is associated with plant community disassembly in a Caribbean island ecosystem. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02646-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractInvasions by non-native plant species are widely recognized as a major driver of biodiversity loss. Globally, (sub-)tropical islands form important components of biodiversity hotspots, while being particularly susceptible to invasions by plants in general and vines in particular. We studied the impact of the invasive vine A. leptopus on the diversity and structure of recipient plant communities on the northern Caribbean island St. Eustatius. We used a paired-plot design to study differences in species richness, evenness and community structure under A. leptopus-invaded and uninvaded conditions. Community structure was studied through species co-occurrence patterns. We found that in plots invaded by A. leptopus, species richness was 40–50% lower, and these plots also exhibited lower evenness. The magnitude of these negative impacts increased with increasing cover of A. leptopus. Invaded plots also showed higher degrees of homogeneity in species composition. Species co-occurrence patterns indicated that plant communities in uninvaded plots were characterized by segregation, whereas recipient plant communities in invaded plots exhibited random co-occurrence patterns. These observations suggest that invasion of A. leptopus is not only associated with reduced species richness and evenness of recipient communities in invaded sites, but also with a community disassembly process that may reduce diversity between sites. Given that A. leptopus is a successful invader of (sub-)tropical islands around the globe, these impacts on plant community structure highlight that this invasive species could be a particular conservation concern for these systems.
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Zhang A, Hu X, Yao S, Yu M, Ying Z. Alien, Naturalized and Invasive Plants in China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:2241. [PMID: 34834604 PMCID: PMC8620670 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Invasive species are a subset of naturalized species, and naturalized species are a subset of alien species. Determining the relationship among these three assemblages would be helpful in predicting and preventing biological invasion. Here, we reviewed the families, lifeforms, origins, introduction pathways and phylogenetic diversity of alien, naturalized and invasive vascular plants in China. The results show that species in the Asteraceae, Fabaceae and Poaceae families had a high dominance among alien, naturalized and invasive species. Moreover, almost all alien species in the Amaranthaceae, Solanaceae, Convolvulaceae and Euphorbiaceae families became naturalized species, and about 26.7% of the naturalized species became invasive species. Perennial herbs comprised a higher proportion of alien species than did annual herbs, though annual herbs were more suited to becoming invasive than perennial herbs. A considerable proportion (57.8%) of invasive species were introduced from America. More than half (56.5%) of alien species were introduced for their ornamental value, and half of these have become naturalized in China. Moreover, about half (55.2%) of all invasive species were introduced for their economic value (including ornamental, foraging and medicinal purposes). Invasive species were phylogenetically clustered and phylogenetically distant from alien and naturalized species, which indicates that phylogenetic differences could be helpful in becoming invasive. There is no doubt that human activity plays a significant role in biological invasion. This study suggests that when introducing alien species to a region, decision-makers should certainly consider the species' phylogeny, beyond just its fundamental characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China;
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Xunyu Hu
- East China Inventory and Planning Institute, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou 310019, China;
| | - Shenhao Yao
- Zhejiang Museum of Natural History, Hangzhou 310014, China;
| | - Mingjian Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Zhixia Ying
- School of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Mühlenhaupt M, Baxter-Gilbert J, Makhubo BG, Riley JL, Measey J. Growing up in a new world: trait divergence between rural, urban, and invasive populations of an amphibian urban invader. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.69.67995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cities are focal points of introduction for invasive species. Urban evolution might facilitate the success of invasive species in recipient urban habitats. Here we test this hypothesis by rearing tadpoles of a successful amphibian urban coloniser and invader in a common garden environment. We compared growth rate, morphological traits, swimming performance, and developmental rate of guttural toad tadpoles (Sclerophrys gutturalis) from native rural, native urban, and non-native urban habitats. By measuring these traits across ontogeny, we were also able to compare divergence across different origins as the tadpoles develop. The tadpoles of non-native urban origin showed significantly slower developmental rate (e.g., the proportion of tadpoles reaching Gosner stage 31 or higher was lower at age 40 days) than tadpoles of native urban origin. Yet, tadpoles did not differ in growth rate or any morphological or performance trait examined, and none of these traits showed divergent ontogenetic changes between tadpoles of different origin. These findings suggest that prior adaptation to urban habitats in larval traits likely does not play an important role in facilitating the invasion success of guttural toads into other urban habitats. Instead, we suggest that evolutionary changes in larval traits after colonization (e.g., developmental rate), together with decoupling of other traits and phenotypic plasticity might explain how this species succeeded in colonising extra-limital urban habitats.
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de Pádua SMF, Botter-Carvalho ML, Gomes PB, de Oliveira CS, dos Santos JCP, Pérez CD. The alien octocoral Carijoa riisei is a biogenic substrate multiplier in artificial Brazilian shipwrecks. AQUATIC ECOLOGY 2021; 56:183-200. [PMID: 34642570 PMCID: PMC8497147 DOI: 10.1007/s10452-021-09908-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the obvious negative effects caused by invasive species, some recent studies have shown that the impacts at local scale are diverse and not necessarily negative. Arborescent benthic organisms such as octocorals form three-dimensional structures capable of increasing the amount of substrate available and providing shelter for epibiont species. We investigated the role of the alien octocoral Carijoa riisei on the diversity of benthic communities in three shipwrecks on the north-eastern coast of Brazil. We expected that (a) the fauna associated with the octocoral are richer and more diverse compared to the adjacent; (b) some species are exclusively associated with C. riisei; (c) the species that are present both in the areas with and without C. riisei have a greater abundance when associated with the octocoral. For this, we compared the macrobenthic communities associated with C. riisei to those found in adjacent areas where the octocoral was absent. Our study showed that the communities associated with the octocoral were 1.5 times richer and 10 times more abundant than adjacent communities, with 29 exclusive taxa. The dominant taxa were the amphipods Ericthonius brasiliensis and Podocerus brasiliensis and polychaetes of the family Syllidae. These taxa were present in areas with presence and absence of C. riisei, but their abundance was significantly greater where the octocoral was present. Our results reinforce the idea that Carijoa riisei acts as an ecosystem engineer in coastal reefs, creating new habitats and increasing diversity at a local scale, even though it is an alien species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Maris Feitosa de Pádua
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade-PPGBio, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Antozoários (GPA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Antozoários (GPA), Centro Acadêmico da Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Mônica Lúcia Botter-Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade-PPGBio, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Laboratório de Ecologia do Bentos Costeiro (LEBENC), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Paula Braga Gomes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade-PPGBio, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Antozoários (GPA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal (PPGBA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Camilla Silva de Oliveira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Antozoários (GPA), Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal (PPGBA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - José Carlos Pacheco dos Santos
- Laboratório de Operações Aquáticas e Aquicultura (LOAA), Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brasil
| | - Carlos Daniel Pérez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade-PPGBio, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal (PPGBA), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Antozoários (GPA), Centro Acadêmico da Vitória, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco Brazil
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Minett JF, Garcia de Leaniz C, Sobolewska H, Brickle P, Crossin GT, Consuegra S. SNP analyses and acoustic tagging reveal multiple origins and widespread dispersal of invasive brown trout in the Falkland Islands. Evol Appl 2021; 14:2134-2144. [PMID: 34429754 PMCID: PMC8372121 DOI: 10.1111/eva.13274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological invasions are important causes of biodiversity loss, particularly in remote islands. Brown trout (Salmo trutta) have been widely introduced throughout the Southern Hemisphere, impacting endangered native fauna, particularly galaxiid fishes, through predation and competition. However, due to their importance for sport fishing and aquaculture farming, attempts to curtail the impacts of invasive salmonids have generally been met with limited support and the best prospects for protecting native galaxiids is to predict where and how salmonids might disperse. We analysed 266 invasive brown trout from 14 rivers and ponds across the Falkland Islands as well as 32 trout from three potential source populations, using a panel of 592 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and acoustic tagging, to ascertain their origins and current patterns of dispersal. We identified four genetically distinct clusters with high levels of genetic diversity and low admixture, likely reflecting the different origins of the invasive brown trout populations. Our analysis suggests that many trout populations in the Falklands may have originated from one of the donor populations analysed (River Wey). The highest genetic diversity was observed in the rivers with the greatest number of introductions and diverse origins, while the lowest diversity corresponded to a location without documented introductions, likely colonized by natural dispersal. High levels of gene flow indicated widespread migration of brown trout across the Falkland Islands, likely aided by anadromous dispersal. This is supported by data from acoustically tagged fish, three of which were detected frequently moving between two rivers ~26 km apart. Our results suggest that, without containment measures, brown trout may invade the last remaining refuges for the native endangered Aplochiton spp. We provide new insights into the origin and dispersal of invasive brown trout in the Falkland Islands that can pave the way for a targeted approach to limit their impact on native fish fauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F. Minett
- Department of BiosciencesCentre for Sustainable Aquatic ResearchSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI)StanleyFalkland Islands
| | | | | | - Paul Brickle
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute (SAERI)StanleyFalkland Islands
- School of Biological Science (Zoology)University of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | | | - Sofia Consuegra
- Department of BiosciencesCentre for Sustainable Aquatic ResearchSwansea UniversitySwanseaUK
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Crystal-Ornelas R, Hudgins EJ, Cuthbert RN, Haubrock PJ, Fantle-Lepczyk J, Angulo E, Kramer AM, Ballesteros-Mejia L, Leroy B, Leung B, López-López E, Diagne C, Courchamp F. Economic costs of biological invasions within North America. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.67.58038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species can have severe impacts on ecosystems, economies, and human health. Though the economic impacts of invasions provide important foundations for management and policy, up-to-date syntheses of these impacts are lacking. To produce the most comprehensive estimate of invasive species costs within North America (including the Greater Antilles) to date, we synthesized economic impact data from the recently published InvaCost database. Here, we report that invasions have cost the North American economy at least US$ 1.26 trillion between 1960 and 2017. Economic costs have climbed over recent decades, averaging US$ 2 billion per year in the early 1960s to over US$ 26 billion per year in the 2010s. Of the countries within North America, the United States (US) had the highest recorded costs, even after controlling for research effort within each country ($5.81 billion per cost source in the US). Of the taxa and habitats that could be classified in our database, invasive vertebrates were associated with the greatest costs, with terrestrial habitats incurring the highest monetary impacts. In particular, invasive species cumulatively (from 1960–2017) cost the agriculture and forestry sectors US$ 527.07 billion and US$ 34.93 billion, respectively. Reporting issues (e.g., data quality or taxonomic granularity) prevented us from synthesizing data from all available studies. Furthermore, very few of the known invasive species in North America had reported economic costs. Therefore, while the costs to the North American economy are massive, our US$ 1.26 trillion estimate is likely very conservative. Accordingly, expanded and more rigorous economic cost reports are necessary to provide more comprehensive invasion impact estimates, and then support data-based management decisions and actions towards species invasions.
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Cuthbert RN, Pattison Z, Taylor NG, Verbrugge L, Diagne C, Ahmed DA, Leroy B, Angulo E, Briski E, Capinha C, Catford JA, Dalu T, Essl F, Gozlan RE, Haubrock PJ, Kourantidou M, Kramer AM, Renault D, Wasserman RJ, Courchamp F. Global economic costs of aquatic invasive alien species. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 775:145238. [PMID: 33715860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Much research effort has been invested in understanding ecological impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) across ecosystems and taxonomic groups, but empirical studies about economic effects lack synthesis. Using a comprehensive global database, we determine patterns and trends in economic costs of aquatic IAS by examining: (i) the distribution of these costs across taxa, geographic regions and cost types; (ii) the temporal dynamics of global costs; and (iii) knowledge gaps, especially compared to terrestrial IAS. Based on the costs recorded from the existing literature, the global cost of aquatic IAS conservatively summed to US$345 billion, with the majority attributed to invertebrates (62%), followed by vertebrates (28%), then plants (6%). The largest costs were reported in North America (48%) and Asia (13%), and were principally a result of resource damages (74%); only 6% of recorded costs were from management. The magnitude and number of reported costs were highest in the United States of America and for semi-aquatic taxa. Many countries and known aquatic alien species had no reported costs, especially in Africa and Asia. Accordingly, a network analysis revealed limited connectivity among countries, indicating disparate cost reporting. Aquatic IAS costs have increased in recent decades by several orders of magnitude, reaching at least US$23 billion in 2020. Costs are likely considerably underrepresented compared to terrestrial IAS; only 5% of reported costs were from aquatic species, despite 26% of known invaders being aquatic. Additionally, only 1% of aquatic invasion costs were from marine species. Costs of aquatic IAS are thus substantial, but likely underreported. Costs have increased over time and are expected to continue rising with future invasions. We urge increased and improved cost reporting by managers, practitioners and researchers to reduce knowledge gaps. Few costs are proactive investments; increased management spending is urgently needed to prevent and limit current and future aquatic IAS damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross N Cuthbert
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa.
| | - Zarah Pattison
- Modelling, Evidence and Policy Research Group, School of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Nigel G Taylor
- Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, 13200 Arles, France
| | - Laura Verbrugge
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27, 00014 Helsinki, Finland; Aalto University, Department of Built Environment, Water & Development Research Group, Tietotie 1E, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Christophe Diagne
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Danish A Ahmed
- Center for Applied Mathematics and Bioinformatics (CAMB), Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Gulf University for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 7207, Hawally 32093, Kuwait
| | - Boris Leroy
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université Caen-Normandie, Université des Antilles, 43 rue Cuvier, CP 26, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Elena Angulo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Elizabeta Briski
- GEOMAR Helmholtz-Zentrum für Ozeanforschung Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - César Capinha
- Centro de Estudos Geográficos, Instituto de Geografia e Ordenamento do Território - IGOT, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Jane A Catford
- Department of Geography, King's College London, Strand WC2B 4BG, UK; School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia
| | - Tatenda Dalu
- School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Mpumalanga, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Franz Essl
- BioInvasions, Global Change, Macroecology-Group, Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rodolphe E Gozlan
- ISEM UMR226, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Phillip J Haubrock
- Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt, Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Gelnhausen, Germany; University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Melina Kourantidou
- Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Marine Policy Center, Woods Hole, MA 02543, United States; Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Center for Marine Research, Athens 164 52, Greece; University of Southern Denmark, Department of Sociology, Environmental and Business Economics, Esbjerg 6705, Denmark
| | - Andrew M Kramer
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, United States
| | - David Renault
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ECOBIO [(Ecosystèmes, biodiversité, évolution)], - UMR 6553, F 35000 Rennes, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France
| | - Ryan J Wasserman
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Makhanda 6140, South Africa
| | - Franck Courchamp
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, AgroParisTech, Ecologie Systématique Evolution, 91405 Orsay, France
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Michalko R, Košulič O, Martinek P, Birkhofer K. Disturbance by invasive pathogenic fungus alters arthropod predator-prey food-webs in ash plantations. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:2213-2226. [PMID: 34013522 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
According to the disturbance-succession theory, natural disturbances support biodiversity and are expected to increase the complexity of food-webs in forest ecosystems by opening canopies and creating a heterogeneous environment. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the impact of disturbance by invasive pathogenic species and succession on arthropod predator-prey food-webs in forest ecosystems. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is a pathogenic fungus of ash trees that is invasive in Europe and causes massive dieback, mainly of the common ash Fraxinus excelsior across its native range. Here we investigated how this pathogenic fungus affects food-webs of web-building spiders and their prey in understorey vegetation of ash plantations. In 23 young and middle-aged ash plantations that were distributed along a gradient of infestation by H. fraxineus (29%-86% infestation), we measured the vegetation structure (canopy openness, shrub coverage, herb/grass coverage), the trait composition of local spider communities (web type, body size), the prey availability and the prey intercepted by spider webs. We then evaluated the multivariate prey composition (prey type, body size) and network properties. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus opened the ash tree canopy, which resulted in denser shrub coverage. The dense shrub vegetation changed the composition of web types in local spider communities and increasing fungus infestation resulted in reduced mean body size of spiders. Infestation by H. fraxineus reduced the availability of predaceous Coleoptera and increased the availability of herbivorous Coleoptera as potential prey. The mean body size of captured prey and the per capita capture rates of most prey groups decreased with increasing fungus infestation. Hymenoscyphus fraxineus infestation indirectly reduced the complexity in bipartite networks and the trophic functional complementarity in local web-building spider communities. The plantation age affected the vegetation structure but did not affect the studied food-webs. Forest disturbance by the invasive pathogen affected four trophic levels (plant-herbivore-coleopteran intermediate predator-top predator web-building spiders) and, contrary to the disturbance-succession theory, disturbance by the fungus simplified the web-building spider-prey food-webs. The results support the view that H. fraxineus represents a threat to the biodiversity and ecosystem functioning in the simplified ecosystems of ash plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Michalko
- Department of Forest Ecology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Košulič
- Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Martinek
- Department of Forest Protection and Wildlife Management, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klaus Birkhofer
- Department of Ecology, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
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Häussler J, Ryser R, Brose U. Invasive spread in meta‐food‐webs depends on landscape structure, fertilization and species characteristics. OIKOS 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Häussler
- Theoretical Biology, IFM, Linköping Univ. Linköping Sweden
- EcoNetLab, Theory in Biodiversity Science German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Remo Ryser
- EcoNetLab, Theory in Biodiversity Science German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Inst. of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller Univ. Jena Jena Germany
| | - Ulrich Brose
- EcoNetLab, Theory in Biodiversity Science German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Inst. of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller Univ. Jena Jena Germany
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46
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Moi DA, Alves DC, Figueiredo BRS, Antiqueira PAP, Teixeira de Mello F, Jeppesen E, Romero GQ, Mormul RP, Bonecker CC. Non-native fishes homogenize native fish communities and reduce ecosystem multifunctionality in tropical lakes over 16 years. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144524. [PMID: 33482541 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-native species are considered a major global threat to biodiversity, and their expansion to new ecosystems has recently increased. However, the effect of non-native species on ecosystem functioning is poorly understood, especially in hyperdiverse tropical ecosystems of which long-term studies are scarce. We analyzed the relationship between richness, biomass, and β-diversity of non-native and native fishes during 16 years in five hyperdiverse tropical shallow lakes. We further elucidated how an observed increase in the proportion of richness, biomass, and β-diversity of non-native over native fishes affect crucial multifunctional processes of lakes (decomposition, productivity). We found a general positive relationship between the richness and biomass of non-native and native fishes. However, the slope of this relationship decreased continuously with time, displaying an increase in non-native species richness and a decrease in native species richness over time. We also detected a negative relationship between the β-diversity of non-native and native fishes over time. Moreover, the increase in the non-native:native ratio of species richness, biomass, and β-diversity over time decreased ecosystem multifunctionality. Our results suggest that non-native fishes caused a homogenization of the native fish species over time, resulting in impoverishment of ecosystem multifunctionality; in part because non-native fishes are less productive than native ones. Therefore, focus on long-term effects and use of multiple biodiversity facets (α- and β-diversity) are crucial to make reliable predictions of the effects of non-native fish species on native fishes and ecosystem functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieison André Moi
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Waters, Nupelia, University of Maringá, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Diego Corrêa Alves
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Waters, Nupelia, University of Maringá, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Augusto Poleto Antiqueira
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Franco Teixeira de Mello
- Departamento de Ecología y Gestión Ambiental CURE, Universidad de la República, Tacuarembó s/n, Maldonado, Uruguay
| | - Erik Jeppesen
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research (SDC), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Limnology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey; Institute of Marine Sciences, Middle East Technical University, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Gustavo Quevedo Romero
- Laboratory of Multitrophic Interactions and Biodiversity, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil
| | - Roger Paulo Mormul
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Waters, Nupelia, University of Maringá, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Claudia Costa Bonecker
- Department of Biology, Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Waters, Nupelia, University of Maringá, Jd. Universitário, Maringá, PR 87020-900, Brazil
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The impacts of invasive trees on the structure and composition of tropical forests show some consistent patterns but many are context dependent. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Cichocki J, Ważna A, Bator-Kocoł A, Lesiński G, Grochowalska R, Bojarski J. Predation of invasive raccoon (Procyon lotor) on hibernating bats in the Nietoperek reserve in Poland. Mamm Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42991-020-00087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe raccoon Procyon lotor is an invasive species inhabiting Europe and its impact on local populations, particularly on endangered species, is not well known. The aim of the study was to determine whether raccoons pose a threat to bats wintering in the Nietoperek nature reserve, one of the largest hibernation sites in Central Europe. In the winter of 2016–2017, 67 raccoon scats were collected in one of the main underground corridors in the reserve. It was confirmed, with the use of molecular methods, that the scats belonged to raccoons. Raccoon prey was identified based on the features of skulls, jaws or hair found in the scats. Analysis of the determinable remains indicates that bats (including Daubenton’s bat/Natterer’s bat/Brandt’s bat M. daubentonii/nattereri/brandtii, Natterer’s bat Myotis nattereri, greater mouse-eared bat Myotis myotis, brown long-eared bat Plecotus auritus) made up the largest percentage of raccoon diet (96%). Remains of other mammal species, lizards Lacerta spp., plant materials and anthropogenic food were also identified in raccoon scats. The results of the research indicate that predation by raccoons can constitute a significant factor in the increasing mortality of bats wintering in Nietoperek.
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Palmer TM, Riginos C, Milligan PD, Hays BR, Pietrek AG, Maiyo NJ, Mutisya S, Gituku B, Musila S, Carpenter S, Goheen JR. Frenemy at the gate: Invasion by Pheidole megacephala facilitates a competitively subordinate plant ant in Kenya. Ecology 2020; 102:e03230. [PMID: 33098658 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Biological invasions can lead to the reassembly of communities and understanding and predicting the impacts of exotic species on community structure and functioning are a key challenge in ecology. We investigated the impact of a predatory species of invasive ant, Pheidole megacephala, on the structure and function of a foundational mutualism between Acacia drepanolobium and its associated acacia-ant community in an East African savanna. Invasion by P. megacephala was associated with the extirpation of three extrafloral nectar-dependent Crematogaster acacia ant species and strong increases in the abundance of a competitively subordinate and locally rare acacia ant species, Tetraponera penzigi, which does not depend on host plant nectar. Using a combination of long-term monitoring of invasion dynamics, observations and experiments, we demonstrate that P. megacephala directly and indirectly facilitates T. penzigi by reducing the abundance of T. penzigi's competitors (Crematogaster spp.), imposing recruitment limitation on these competitors, and generating a landscape of low-reward host plants that favor colonization and establishment by the strongly dispersing T. penzigi. Seasonal variation in use of host plants by P. megacephala may further increase the persistence of T. penzigi colonies in invaded habitat. The persistence of the T. penzigi-A. drepanolobium symbiosis in invaded areas afforded host plants some protection against herbivory by elephants (Loxodonta africana), a key browser that reduces tree cover. However, elephant damage on T. penzigi-occupied trees was higher in invaded than in uninvaded areas, likely owing to reduced T. penzigi colony size in invaded habitats. Our results reveal the mechanisms underlying the disruption of this mutualism and suggest that P. megacephala invasion may drive long-term declines in tree cover, despite the partial persistence of the ant-acacia symbiosis in invaded areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd M Palmer
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32601, USA.,Mpala Research Centre, Box 555, Nanyuki, Kenya
| | - Corinna Riginos
- The Nature Conservancy, Lander, Wyoming, 82520, USA.,Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, 82071, USA
| | - Patrick D Milligan
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32601, USA.,Mpala Research Centre, Box 555, Nanyuki, Kenya
| | - Brandon R Hays
- Mpala Research Centre, Box 555, Nanyuki, Kenya.,Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, 82071, USA
| | - Alejandro G Pietrek
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32601, USA.,Mpala Research Centre, Box 555, Nanyuki, Kenya.,Instituto de Bio y Geociencias del NOA (IBIGEO), Salta, Argentina
| | - Nelly J Maiyo
- Conservation Department, Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Private Bag-10400, Nanyuki, Kenya
| | - Samuel Mutisya
- Conservation Department, Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Private Bag-10400, Nanyuki, Kenya
| | - Benard Gituku
- Conservation Department, Ol Pejeta Conservancy, Private Bag-10400, Nanyuki, Kenya
| | - Simon Musila
- Mammalogy Section, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Scott Carpenter
- School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA
| | - Jacob R Goheen
- Mpala Research Centre, Box 555, Nanyuki, Kenya.,Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, 82071, USA
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50
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Genetic and phenotypic displacement of an endemic Barbus complex by invasive European barbel Barbus barbus in central Italy. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02379-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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