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Biondo MV, Burki RP, Aguayo F, Calado R. An Updated Review of the Marine Ornamental Fish Trade in the European Union. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1761. [PMID: 38929380 PMCID: PMC11201242 DOI: 10.3390/ani14121761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wild-caught fish from coral reefs, one of the most threatened ecosystems on the planet, continue to supply the marine aquarium trade. Despite customs and veterinary checks during imports, comprehensive data on this global industry remain scarce. This study provides consolidated data on the largest import market by value, the European Union (EU): a 24-million-euro annual trade value, detailing the main exporting and importing countries, as well as the species and families of the 26 million specimens imported between 2014 and 2021. A watchlist alert system based on the number of specimens traded, import trends, and vulnerability index according to FishBase and the IUCN Red List conservation status is presented, providing key information on which species should require closer scrutiny by authorities. While the European TRAde Control and Expert System (TRACES) electronically monitors the movement of live animals to respond quickly to biosecurity risks, one-third of marine ornamental fish imported lack species-level information. With minor adjustments, TRACES holds the potential to significantly enhance data granularity and the monitoring of wildlife trade, with marine ornamental fish being an interesting case study to validate this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Francisco Aguayo
- Faculty of Higher Studies Cuautitlán, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 54714, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Calado
- ECOMARE—Laboratory for Innovation and Sustainability of Marine Biological Resources, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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2
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Ibarra JT, Riquelme-Maulén W, Bañales-Seguel C, Orrego G, Salazar G. While clearing the forests: The social-ecological memory of trees in the Anthropocene. AMBIO 2024:10.1007/s13280-024-02008-5. [PMID: 38580896 DOI: 10.1007/s13280-024-02008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
The Anthropocene concept raises awareness of human-induced planetary changes but is criticized for being 'too global'. We examined the social-ecological memory that emerges from people-tree relationships in South American temperate territories, Chile. We integrated dendrochronology (analysis of tree rings of 35 memorial trees; 17 species) with dendrography (participant observation complemented with semi-structured and go-along interviews with 14 interviewees; six women, eight men). We found that assemblages of people-tree relationships reflect marked historical changes in the territory, associated with the historical clearing of forests, which may be imprinted in both tree growth rings and in the social meanings and practices associated with memorial trees. In devastated territories, practices of tree care emphasize interconnectedness, multispecies collaborations, and the blurring of boundaries between humans and other-than-humans. We discuss some of the interdisciplinary and relational insights of our study, which may prove valuable for future research, political agendas, and educational programs in South America and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Tomás Ibarra
- Center for Local Development (CEDEL) and Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Villarrica Campus, O'Higgins 501, Villarrica, La Araucanía Region, Chile.
- Department of Ecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Systems & Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Santiago, Chile.
- Cape Horn International Center for Global Change Studies and Biocultural Conservation (CHIC), Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile.
| | - Wladimir Riquelme-Maulén
- Center for Local Development (CEDEL) and Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Villarrica Campus, O'Higgins 501, Villarrica, La Araucanía Region, Chile
| | - Camila Bañales-Seguel
- Wetland Center (CEHUM), Universidad Austral de Chile (UACH), Cabo Blanco Alto S/N, 5090000, Valdivia, Los Ríos Region, Chile
| | - Gabriel Orrego
- Center for Local Development (CEDEL) and Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Villarrica Campus, O'Higgins 501, Villarrica, La Araucanía Region, Chile
- Camino a Caburgua Km14, La Araucanía Region, Pucón, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Salazar
- Center for Local Development (CEDEL) and Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (CIIR), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Villarrica Campus, O'Higgins 501, Villarrica, La Araucanía Region, Chile
- Cape Horn International Center for Global Change Studies and Biocultural Conservation (CHIC), Universidad de Magallanes, Puerto Williams, Chile
- Instituto Para el Desarrollo Sustentable (IDS) and Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Estudios Urbanos, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (PUC), Santiago, Chile
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3
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Prohaska A, Seddon AWR, Rach O, Smith A, Sachse D, Willis KJ. Long-term ecological responses of a lowland dipterocarp forest to climate changes and nutrient availability. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2513-2529. [PMID: 37604200 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the long-term impact of projected climate change on tropical rainforests is critical given their central role in the Earth's system. Palaeoecological records can provide a valuable perspective on this problem. Here, we examine the effects of past climatic changes on the dominant forest type of Southeast Asia - lowland dipterocarp forest. We use a range of proxies extracted from a 1400-yr-old lacustrine sedimentary sequence from north-eastern Philippines to determine long-term vegetation responses of lowland dipterocarp forest, including its dominant tree group dipterocarps, to changes in precipitation, fire and nutrient availability over time. Our results show a positive relationship between dipterocarp pollen accumulation rates (PARs) and leaf wax hydrogen isotope values, which suggests a negative effect of drier conditions on dipterocarp abundance. Furthermore, we find a positive relationship between dipterocarp PARs and the proxy for phosphorus availability, which suggests phosphorus controls the productivity of these keystone trees on longer time scales. Other pollen taxa show widely varying relationships with the abiotic factors, demonstrating a high diversity of plant functional responses. Our findings provide novel insights into lowland dipterocarp forest responses to changing climatic conditions in the past and highlight potential impacts of future climate change on this globally important ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Prohaska
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, UK
| | - Alistair W R Seddon
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Bergen, NO-5020, Norway
- Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, NO-5020, Norway
| | - Oliver Rach
- Section 4.6: Geomorphology, Organic Surface Geochemistry Lab, Centre for Geosciences, GFZ-German Research, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
| | - Andrew Smith
- National Environmental Isotope Facility, British Geological Survey, Keyworth, Nottingham, NG12 5GG, UK
| | - Dirk Sachse
- Section 4.6: Geomorphology, Organic Surface Geochemistry Lab, Centre for Geosciences, GFZ-German Research, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, 14473, Germany
| | - Katherine J Willis
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RB, UK
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4
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de Miranda EBP, Peres CA, Oliveira-Santos LGR, Downs CT. Long-term concentration of tropical forest nutrient hotspots is generated by a central-place apex predator. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4464. [PMID: 36932174 PMCID: PMC10023775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Apex predators typically affect the distribution of key soil and vegetation nutrients through the heterogeneous deposition of prey carcasses and excreta, leading to a nutrient concentration in a hotspot. The exact role of central-place foragers, such as tropical raptors, in nutrient deposition and cycling, is not yet known. We investigated whether harpy eagles (Harpia harpyja) in Amazonian Forests-a typically low soil fertility ecosystem-affect soil nutrient profiles and the phytochemistry around their nest-trees through cumulative deposition of prey carcasses and excreta. Nest-trees occurred at densities of 1.5-5.0/100 km2, and each nest received ~ 102.3 kg of undressed carcasses each year. Effects of nests were surprisingly negative over local soil nutrient profiles, with soils underneath nest-trees showing reductions in nutrients compared with controls. Conversely, canopy tree leaves around nests showed significant 99%, 154% and 50% increases in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. Harpy eagles have experienced a 41% decline in their range, and many raptor species are becoming locally extirpated. These are general examples of disruption in biogeochemical cycles and nutrient heterogeneity caused by population declines in a central-place apex predator. This form of carrion deposition is by no means an exception since several large raptors have similar habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Everton B P de Miranda
- The Peregrine Fund, 5668 West Flying Hawk Lane, Boise, ID, 83709, USA.
- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa.
| | - Carlos A Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR47TJ, UK
- Instituto Juruá, Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Colleen T Downs
- Centre for Functional Biodiversity, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P/Bag X01, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
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5
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Cudney‐Valenzuela SJ, Arroyo‐Rodríguez V, Morante‐Filho JC, Toledo‐Aceves T, Andresen E. Tropical forest loss impoverishes arboreal mammal assemblages by increasing tree canopy openness. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2023; 33:e2744. [PMID: 36106555 PMCID: PMC10078566 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Landscape-scale deforestation poses a major threat to global biodiversity, not only because it limits habitat availability, but also because it can drive the degradation of the remaining habitat. However, the multiple pathways by which deforestation directly and indirectly affects wildlife remain poorly understood, especially for elusive forest-dependent species such as arboreal mammals. Using structural equation models, we assessed the direct and indirect effects of landscape forest loss on arboreal mammal assemblages in the Lacandona rainforest, Mexico. We placed camera traps in 100 canopy trees, and assessed the direct effect of forest cover and their indirect effects via changes in tree basal area and canopy openness on the abundance and diversity (i.e., species richness and exponential of Shannon entropy) of arboreal mammals. We found that forest loss had negative indirect effects on mammal richness through the increase of tree canopy openness. This could be related to the fact that canopy openness is usually inversely related to resource availability and canopy connectivity for arboreal mammals. Furthermore, independently of forest loss, the abundance and richness of arboreal mammals was positively related to tree basal area, which is typically higher in old-growth forests. Thus, our findings suggest that arboreal mammals generally prefer old-growth vegetation with relatively low canopy openness and high tree basal area. However, unexpectedly, forest loss was directly and positively related to the abundance and richness of mammals, probably due to a crowding effect, a reasonable possibility given the relatively short history (~40 years) of deforestation in the study region. Conversely, the Shannon diversity was not affected by the predictors we evaluated, suggesting that rare mammals (not the common species) are the ones most affected by these changes. All in all, our findings emphasize that conservation measures ought to focus on increasing forest cover in the landscape, and preventing the loss of large trees in the remaining forest patches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine J. Cudney‐Valenzuela
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMoreliaMexico
| | - Víctor Arroyo‐Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMoreliaMexico
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMéridaMexico
| | | | | | - Ellen Andresen
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMoreliaMexico
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6
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Scipioni MC, Higuchi P, Fockink GD, Allen CD. Old‐growth structural attributes associated with the last giant subtropical conifers in South America. AUSTRAL ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Callegari Scipioni
- Department of Agriculture, Biodiversity and Forestry Federal University of Santa Catarina Curitibanos Brazil
| | - Pedro Higuchi
- Department of Forestry State University of Santa Catarina Lages Brazil
| | | | - Craig D. Allen
- Department of Geography and Environmental Studies University of New Mexico Albuquerque New Mexico USA
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7
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Pinho BX, Trindade DPF, Peres CA, Jamelli D, de Lima RAF, Ribeiro EMS, Melo FPL, Leal IR, Tabarelli M. Cross‐scale drivers of woody plant species commonness and rarity in the Brazilian drylands. DIVERS DISTRIB 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.13587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno X. Pinho
- Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil
- AMAP, Univ Montpellier, INRAe, CIRAD, CNRS, IRD Montpellier France
| | | | - Carlos A. Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences University of East Anglia Norwich UK
- Instituto Juruá Manaus Brazil
| | - Davi Jamelli
- Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | | | - Elâine M. S. Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade e Genética Evolutiva Universidade de Pernambuco – Campus Petrolina Petrolina Brazil
| | - Felipe P. L. Melo
- Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Inara R. Leal
- Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tabarelli
- Departamento de Botânica Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Recife Brazil
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8
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Anderson JA, McClean CJ, Sim S, Pettorelli N, Jelling A, Tangah J, Hill JK. Weak edge effects on trees in Bornean rainforest remnants bordering oil palm. Biotropica 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/btp.13115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jake A. Anderson
- Department of Biology, Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity University of York York UK
| | - Colin J. McClean
- Department of Environment and Geography University of York York UK
| | - Sarah Sim
- Unilever Safety and Environmental Assurance Centre Unilever R&D Sharnbrook UK
| | | | - Ahmad Jelling
- South East Asia Rainforest Research Partnership Danum Valley Field Centre Sabah Malaysia
| | - Joseph Tangah
- Sabah Forestry Department Forest Research Centre Sabah Malaysia
| | - Jane K. Hill
- Department of Biology, Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity University of York York UK
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9
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Lopes AV, Porto RG, Cruz-Neto O, Peres CA, Viana BF, Giannini TC, Tabarelli M. Neglected diversity of crop pollinators: Lessons from the world’s largest tropical country. Perspect Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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10
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Filgueiras BKC, Peres CA, Melo FPL, Leal IR, Tabarelli M. Winner-Loser Species Replacements in Human-Modified Landscapes. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 36:545-555. [PMID: 33685660 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Community assembly arguably drives the provision of ecosystem services because they critically depend on which and how species coexist. We examine conspicuous cases of 'winner and loser' replacements (WLRs) in tropical forests to provide a framework integrating drivers, impacts on ecological organization, and reconfiguration of ecosystem service provisioning. Most WLRs involve native species and result from changes in resource availability rather than from altered competition among species. In this context, species dispersal is a powerful force controlling community (re)assembly. Furthermore, replacements imply a nearly complete functional reorganization of assemblages and new 'packages' of ecosystem services and disservices provided by winners. WLRs can thus elucidate the multiple transitions experienced by tropical forests, and have theoretical/applied implications, including the role that human-modified landscapes may play in global-scale sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno K C Filgueiras
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Carlos A Peres
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Felipe P L Melo
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Inara R Leal
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Tabarelli
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil
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11
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Chuma VJUR, Norris D. Contribution of Vouacapoua americana fruit-fall to the release of biomass in a lowland Amazon forest. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4302. [PMID: 33619342 PMCID: PMC7900201 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83803-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruit-fall provides the transfer of biomass and nutrients between forest strata and remains a poorly understood component of Amazon forest systems. Here we detail fruit-fall patterns including those of Vouacapoua americana a Critically Endangered timber species across 25 km2 of lowland Amazon forest in 2016. We use multi-model comparisons and an ensemble model to explain and interpolate fruit-fall data collected in 90 plots (totaling 4.42 ha). By comparing patterns in relation to observed and remotely sensed biomass estimates we establish the seasonal contribution of V. americana fruit-fall biomass. Overall fruit-fall biomass was 44.84 kg ha−1 month−1 from an average of 44.55 species per hectare, with V. americana dominating both the number and biomass of fallen fruits (43% and 64%, number and biomass respectively). Spatially explicit interpolations provided an estimate of 114 Mg dry biomass of V. americana fruit-fall across the 25 km2 area. This quantity represents the rapid transfer by a single species of between 0.01 and 0.02% of the overall above ground standing biomass in the area. These findings support calls for a more detailed understanding of the contribution of individual species to carbon and nutrient flows in tropical forest systems needed to evaluate the impacts of population declines predicted from short (< 65 year) logging cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Juan Ulises Rodriguez Chuma
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity, School of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, Macapá, 68903-419, Brazil
| | - Darren Norris
- Postgraduate Program in Tropical Biodiversity, School of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, Macapá, 68903-419, Brazil. .,Ecology and Conservation of Amazonian Vertebrates Research Group, Federal University of Amapá, Rod. Juscelino Kubitscheck, km 02, Macapá, 68903-419, Brazil.
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12
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Preface. ADV ECOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2504(20)30020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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