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Campana C, Iyer AM, Ferone D, Gatto F, Hofland LJ. Somatostatin receptors and the associated intracellular machinery: the two sides of the coin. J Endocrinol 2024; 260:e230298. [PMID: 38224333 DOI: 10.1530/joe-23-0298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Somatostatin receptors (SSTs) are widely expressed in pituitary tumors and neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) of different origins, i.e. the gastrointestinal tract and the thorax (lungs and thymus), thus representing a well-established target for medical treatment with SST ligands (SRLs). However, the response to SRLs is highly heterogeneous between tumors. Two main factors can contribute to this variability: (i) the differential SST expression among tumor types and (ii) the differential expression/modulation of the SST-related intracellular machinery. In this literature review, we provide an overview of available data on the variable expression of SSTs in pituitary tumors and NENs, together with the resulting clinical implications. Moreover, we aim to describe the complex intracellular machinery involved in SST signaling and trafficking. Particularly, we will focus on β-arrestins and describe their role in receptor internalization and recycling, as well as the various functions of these scaffold molecules in tumor pathogenesis and progression. This review highlights the interplay between membrane receptors and intracellular machinery, together with its role in determining the clinical behavior of the tumor and the response to treatment in patients with pituitary tumors or NENs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Campana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Anand M Iyer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Diego Ferone
- Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, School of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Federico Gatto
- Endocrinology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Leo J Hofland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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2
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Semenikhina M, Fedoriuk M, Stefanenko M, Klemens CA, Cherezova A, Marshall B, Hall G, Levchenko V, Solanki A, Lipschutz JH, Ilatovskaya DV, Staruschenko A, Palygin O. β-Arrestin pathway activation by selective ATR1 agonism promotes calcium influx in podocytes, leading to glomerular damage. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1789-1804. [PMID: 38051199 PMCID: PMC11194114 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are the first-line treatment for hypertension; they act by inhibiting signaling through the angiotensin 1 receptor (AT1R). Recently, a novel biased AT1R agonist, TRV120027 (TRV), which selectively activates the β-arrestin cascade and blocks the G-protein-coupled receptor pathway has been proposed as a potential blood pressure medication. Here, we explored the effects of TRV and associated β-arrestin signaling in podocytes, essential cells of the kidney filter. We used human podocyte cell lines to determine β-arrestin's involvement in calcium signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization and Dahl SS rats to investigate the chronic effects of TRV administration on glomerular health. Our experiments indicate that the TRV-activated β-arrestin pathway promotes the rapid elevation of intracellular Ca2+ in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, the amplitude of β-arrestin-mediated Ca2+ influx was significantly higher than the response to similar Ang II concentrations. Single-channel analyses show rapid activation of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels following acute TRV application. Furthermore, the pharmacological blockade of TRPC6 significantly attenuated the β-arrestin-mediated Ca2+ influx. Additionally, prolonged activation of the β-arrestin pathway in podocytes resulted in pathological actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, higher apoptotic cell markers, and augmented glomerular damage. TRV-activated β-arrestin signaling in podocytes may promote TRPC6 channel-mediated Ca2+ influx, foot process effacement, and apoptosis, possibly leading to severe defects in glomerular filtration barrier integrity and kidney health. Under these circumstances, the potential therapeutic application of TRV for hypertension treatment requires further investigation to assess the balance of the benefits versus possible deleterious effects and off-target damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marharyta Semenikhina
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Mykhailo Fedoriuk
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Mariia Stefanenko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Christine A. Klemens
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- Hypertension and Kidney Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Alena Cherezova
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA
| | - Brendan Marshall
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, GA
| | - Gentzon Hall
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Vladislav Levchenko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - Ashish Solanki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| | - Joshua H. Lipschutz
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC
| | | | - Alexander Staruschenko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- Hypertension and Kidney Research Center, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- James A. Haley Veterans’ Hospital, Tampa, FL
| | - Oleg Palygin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
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3
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Masi I, Ottavi F, Del Rio D, Caprara V, Vastarelli C, Giannitelli SM, Fianco G, Mozetic P, Buttarelli M, Ferrandina G, Scambia G, Gallo D, Rainer A, Bagnato A, Spadaro F, Rosanò L. The interaction of β-arrestin1 with talin1 driven by endothelin A receptor as a feature of α5β1 integrin activation in high-grade serous ovarian cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:73. [PMID: 36717550 PMCID: PMC9886921 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-05612-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Dissemination of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HG-SOC) in the omentum and intercalation into a mesothelial cell (MC) monolayer depends on functional α5β1 integrin (Intα5β1) activity. Although the binding of Intα5β1 to fibronectin drives these processes, other molecular mechanisms linked to integrin inside-out signaling might support metastatic dissemination. Here, we report a novel interactive signaling that contributes to Intα5β1 activation and accelerates tumor cells toward invasive disease, involving the protein β-arrestin1 (β-arr1) and the activation of the endothelin A receptor (ETAR) by endothelin-1 (ET-1). As demonstrated in primary HG-SOC cells and SOC cell lines, ET-1 increased Intβ1 and downstream FAK/paxillin activation. Mechanistically, β-arr1 directly interacts with talin1 and Intβ1, promoting talin1 phosphorylation and its recruitment to Intβ1, thus fueling integrin inside-out activation. In 3D spheroids and organotypic models mimicking the omentum, ETAR/β-arr1-driven Intα5β1 signaling promotes the survival of cell clusters, with mesothelium-intercalation capacity and invasive behavior. The treatment with the antagonist of ETAR, Ambrisentan (AMB), and of Intα5β1, ATN161, inhibits ET-1-driven Intα5β1 activity in vitro, and tumor cell adhesion and spreading to intraperitoneal organs and Intβ1 activity in vivo. As a prognostic factor, high EDNRA/ITGB1 expression correlates with poor HG-SOC clinical outcomes. These findings highlight a new role of ETAR/β-arr1 operating an inside-out integrin activation to modulate the metastatic process and suggest that in the new integrin-targeting programs might be considered that ETAR/β-arr1 regulates Intα5β1 functional pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Masi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Flavia Ottavi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Danila Del Rio
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Valentina Caprara
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | | | - Sara Maria Giannitelli
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, 00128, Italy
| | - Giulia Fianco
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, 00185, Italy
| | - Pamela Mozetic
- Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), National Research Council (CNR), c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- San Raffaele Hospital, Division of Neuroscience, Institute of Experimental Neurology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina, 60, Milan, 20132, Italy
| | - Marianna Buttarelli
- Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica-Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Gabriella Ferrandina
- Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica-Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Giovanni Scambia
- Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica-Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Daniela Gallo
- Dipartimento Universitario Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica-Sezione di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia-Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
- Dipartimento Scienze della Salute della Donna, del Bambino e di Sanità Pubblica, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, Rome, 00168, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome, 00128, Italy
- Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), National Research Council (CNR), c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Anna Bagnato
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy
| | - Francesca Spadaro
- Confocal Microscopy Unit, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, 00161, Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, 00185, Italy.
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, 00144, Italy.
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Szénási T, Turu G, Hunyady L. Interactions between β-arrestin proteins and the cytoskeletal system, and their relevance to neurodegenerative disorders. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:957981. [PMID: 36843600 PMCID: PMC9947276 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.957981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
β-arrestins, which have multiple cellular functions, were initially described as proteins that desensitize rhodopsin and other G protein-coupled receptors. The cytoskeletal system plays a role in various cellular processes, including intracellular transport, cell division, organization of organelles, and cell cycle. The interactome of β-arrestins includes the major proteins of the three main cytoskeletal systems: tubulins for microtubules, actins for the actin filaments, and vimentin for intermediate filaments. β-arrestins bind to microtubules and regulate their activity by recruiting signaling proteins and interacting with assembly proteins that regulate the actin cytoskeleton and the intermediate filaments. Altered regulation of the cytoskeletal system plays an essential role in the development of Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, β-arrestins, which interact with the cytoskeleton, were implicated in the pathogenesis progression of these diseases and are potential targets for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Szénási
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Turu
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Hunyady
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: László Hunyady,
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5
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In Silico Establishment and Validation of Novel Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Signature in Bladder Cancer. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3170950. [PMID: 35480865 PMCID: PMC9038413 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3170950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Aberrant lipid metabolism is an alteration common to many types of cancer. Dysregulation of lipid metabolism is considered a major risk factor for bladder cancer. Accordingly, we focused on genes related to lipid metabolism and screened novel markers for predicting the prognosis of bladder cancer. Methods RNA-seq data for bladder cancer were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. The nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) algorithm was used to classify the molecular subtypes. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to identify coexpressed genes, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) multivariate Cox analysis was used to construct a prognostic risk model. External validation data and in vitro experiments were used to verify the results from in silico analysis. Results Bladder cancer samples were grouped into two clusters based on the NMF algorithm. A total of 1467 genes involved in coexpression modules were identified in WGCNA. We finally established a 5-gene signature (TM4SF1, KCNK5, FASN, IMPDH1, and KCNJ15) that exhibited good stability across different datasets and was also an independent risk factor for prognosis. Furthermore, the predictive efficacy of our model was generally higher than the predictive efficacy of other published models. Distinct risk groups of patients also showed significantly different immune infiltration cell patterns and associations with clinical variables. Moreover, the 5 signature genes were verified in clinical samples by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry, which were in agreement with the in silico analysis. For in vitro experiments, knockdown of IMPDH1 markedly inhibited cell proliferation in bladder cancer. Conclusion We established a 5-gene prognosis signature based on lipid metabolism in bladder cancer, which could be an effective prognostic indicator.
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6
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Abstract
Gonadotropins are glycoprotein sex hormones regulating development and reproduction and bind to specific G protein–coupled receptors expressed in the gonads. Their effects on multiple signaling cascades and intracellular events have recently been characterized using novel technological and scientific tools. The impact of allosteric modulators on gonadotropin signaling, the role of sugars linked to the hormone backbone, the detection of endosomal compartments supporting signaling modules, and the dissection of different effects mediated by these molecules are areas that have advanced significantly in the last decade. The classic view providing the exclusive activation of the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and the steroidogenic pathway by these hormones has been expanded with the addition of novel signaling cascades as determined by high-resolution imaging techniques. These new findings provided new potential therapeutic applications. Despite these improvements, unanswered issues of gonadotropin physiology, such as the intrinsic pro-apoptotic potential to these hormones, the existence of receptors assembled as heteromers, and their expression in extragonadal tissues, remain to be studied. Elucidating these issues is a challenge for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livio Casarini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Via P. Giardini 1355, 41126 Modena, Italy
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7
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Knockdown of CRAD suppresses the growth and promotes the apoptosis of human lung cancer cells via Claudin 4. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226565. [PMID: 33006362 PMCID: PMC7560521 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20201140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most common causes of cancer-related mortality globally. However, the mechanism underlying NSCLC is not fully understood. Here, we investigated the role of cancer-related regulator of actin dynamics (CRAD) in NSCLC. We showed that CRAD was up-regulated in human NSCLC tissues and lung cancer cell lines. Lentivirus-mediated knockdown of CRAD repressed the proliferation and colony growth of A549 and H1299 cells. Apoptosis was enhanced by CRAD silencing in both cells, implicating that CRAD might maintain the survival of lung cancer cells. Microarray and bioinformatic assay revealed that CRAD directly or indirectly regulated diverse genes, including those involved in cell cycle and DNA damage repair. qRT-PCR and Western blot results confirmed the dysregulated genes as shown in microarray analysis. Claudin 4 was up-regulated in CRAD silenced A549 cells. The knockdown of Claudin 4 blocked the effects of CRAD on the expression of cell cycle and apoptosis effectors and enhanced the viability of A549 cells with CRAD down-regulation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that CRAD acts as an oncogene in NSCLC at least partly through repressing Claudin 4.
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8
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Jiang X, Qin Y, Kun L, Zhou Y. The Significant Role of the Microfilament System in Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:620390. [PMID: 33816252 PMCID: PMC8010179 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.620390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Actin is the structural protein of microfilaments, and it usually exists in two forms: monomer and polymer. Among them, monomer actin is a spherical molecule composed of a polypeptide chain, also known as spherical actin. The function of actin polymers is to produce actin filaments, so it is also called fibroactin. The actin cytoskeleton is considered to be an important subcellular filament system. It interacts with numerous relevant proteins and regulatory cells, regulating basic functions, from cell division and muscle contraction to cell movement and ensuring tissue integrity. The dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton has immense influence on the progression and metastasis of cancer as well. This paper explores the significance of the microfilament network, the dynamic changes of its structure and function in the presence of a tumor, the formation process around the actin system, and the relevant proteins that may be target molecules for anticancer drugs so as to provide support and reference for interlinked cancer treatment research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiming Qin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Kun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brain Hospital of Hunan Province, Clinical Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Basic School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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9
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Masi I, Caprara V, Spadaro F, Chellini L, Sestito R, Zancla A, Rainer A, Bagnato A, Rosanò L. Endothelin-1 drives invadopodia and interaction with mesothelial cells through ILK. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108800. [PMID: 33657382 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.108800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells use actin-based membrane protrusions, invadopodia, to degrade stroma and invade. In serous ovarian cancer (SOC), the endothelin A receptor (ETAR) drives invadopodia by a not fully explored coordinated function of β-arrestin1 (β-arr1). Here, we report that β-arr1 links the integrin-linked kinase (ILK)/βPIX complex to activate Rac3 GTPase, acting as a central node in the adhesion-based extracellular matrix (ECM) sensing and degradation. Downstream, Rac3 phosphorylates PAK1 and cofilin and promotes invadopodium-dependent ECM proteolysis and invasion. Furthermore, ETAR/ILK/Rac3 signaling supports the communication between cancer and mesothelial cells, favoring SOC cell adhesion and transmigration. In vivo, ambrisentan, an ETAR antagonist, inhibits the adhesion and spreading of tumor cells to intraperitoneal organs, and invadopodium marker expression. As prognostic factors, high EDNRA/ILK expression correlates with poor SOC clinical outcome. These findings provide a framework for the ET-1R/β-arr1 pathway as an integrator of ILK/Rac3-dependent adhesive and proteolytic signaling to invadopodia, favoring cancer/stroma interactions and metastatic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Masi
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Valentina Caprara
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Francesca Spadaro
- Confocal Microscopy Unit, Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Lidia Chellini
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Rosanna Sestito
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Andrea Zancla
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy; Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi Roma Tre, via Vito Volterra 62, Rome 00146, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, via Álvaro del Portillo 21, Rome 00128, Italy; Institute of Nanotechnology (NANOTEC), National Research Council (CNR), c/o Campus Ecotekne, via Monteroni, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Anna Bagnato
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00128, Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome 00128, Italy; Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome 00185, Italy.
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10
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Zhang X, Kong Z, Xu X, Yun X, Chao J, Ding D, Li T, Gao Y, Guan N, Zhu C, Qin X. ARRB1 Drives Gallbladder Cancer Progression by Facilitating TAK1/MAPK Signaling Activation. J Cancer 2021; 12:1926-1935. [PMID: 33753990 PMCID: PMC7974532 DOI: 10.7150/jca.53325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most common malignancy of the biliary tract, with a dismal 5-year survival of 5%. Recently, ARRB1, as a molecular scaffold, has been proposed to participate in the progression of multiple malignancies. However, the effect and regulatory mechanisms of ARRB1 in GBC have not been investigated. Our study aimed to explore the biological functional status and the possible molecular mechanisms of ARRB1 with respect to GBC progression. The survey showed that human GBC tissues exhibited increased levels of ARRB1 compared with normal tissues, and the high expression of ARRB1 was associated with poor prognosis of GBC patients. A series of in vitro and in vivo functional experiments based on knockdown of ARRB1 uncovered that ARRB1 enhanced GBC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Furthermore, we reported that TAK1, a component of the TNF /MAPK pathway, is a vital downstream effector of ARRB1. In addition, siTAK1 could abolish the functional changes between ARRB1 overexpression GBC cells and control ones. Our data revealed that ARRB1 facilitated the carcinogenesis and development of GBC through TNF/TAK1/MAPK axis, suggesting that ARRB1 may be a promising biomarker and treatment target for GBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhang
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China.,Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Kong
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China.,Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 210000, China
| | - Xiao Yun
- Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
| | - Jiadeng Chao
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Dong Ding
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Naifu Guan
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Chunfu Zhu
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China
| | - Xihu Qin
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, XingLong Road 29#, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, P.R. China.,Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu 210000, P.R. China
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11
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Masi I, Caprara V, Bagnato A, Rosanò L. Tumor Cellular and Microenvironmental Cues Controlling Invadopodia Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:584181. [PMID: 33178698 PMCID: PMC7593604 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.584181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During the metastatic progression, invading cells might achieve degradation and subsequent invasion into the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the underlying vasculature using invadopodia, F-actin-based and force-supporting protrusive membrane structures, operating focalized proteolysis. Their formation is a dynamic process requiring the combined and synergistic activity of ECM-modifying proteins with cellular receptors, and the interplay with factors from the tumor microenvironment (TME). Significant advances have been made in understanding how invadopodia are assembled and how they progress in degradative protrusions, as well as their disassembly, and the cooperation between cellular signals and ECM conditions governing invadopodia formation and activity, holding promise to translation into the identification of molecular targets for therapeutic interventions. These findings have revealed the existence of biochemical and mechanical interactions not only between the actin cores of invadopodia and specific intracellular structures, including the cell nucleus, the microtubular network, and vesicular trafficking players, but also with elements of the TME, such as stromal cells, ECM components, mechanical forces, and metabolic conditions. These interactions reflect the complexity and intricate regulation of invadopodia and suggest that many aspects of their formation and function remain to be determined. In this review, we will provide a brief description of invadopodia and tackle the most recent findings on their regulation by cellular signaling as well as by inputs from the TME. The identification and interplay between these inputs will offer a deeper mechanistic understanding of cell invasion during the metastatic process and will help the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilenia Masi
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Caprara
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Bagnato
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Rosanò
- Unit of Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents, IRCCS - Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, CNR, Rome, Italy
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12
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Chen L, Cai J, Huang Y, Tan X, Guo Q, Lin X, Zhu C, Zeng X, Liu H, Wu X. Identification of cofilin-1 as a novel mediator for the metastatic potentials and chemoresistance of the prostate cancer cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 880:173100. [PMID: 32320704 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common malignancy among men. Tumor metastasis and chemoresistance contribute to the major cause of the mortality. In this study, we compared the protein profiles of two prostate cancer cell lines with different metastatic potentials, and identified cofilin-1 (CFL1) was one of the most differentially expressed proteins between two cell lines. Further results suggested that cofilin-1 promoted the remodeling of F-actin cytoskeleton, and enhanced the proliferation, migration and invasion of the prostate cancer cells via activation of P38 MAPK signaling pathway. In addition, cofilin-1 elevated the expression and drug efflux activity of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) by P38 MAPK signaling pathway, resulting in decrease of the adriamycin-induced apoptosis as well as the lytic cell death, and the subsequent resistance against adriamycin. Collectively, cofilin-1 might serve as a novel target candidate for both inhibiting the metastasis and reversing the chemoresistance of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liankuai Chen
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jialong Cai
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yishan Huang
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiangpeng Tan
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qiuxiao Guo
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaomian Lin
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Cairong Zhu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Xiangfeng Zeng
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hongjiao Liu
- Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Institute of Tissue Transplantation and Immunology, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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13
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Sommer F, Torraca V, Meijer AH. Chemokine Receptors and Phagocyte Biology in Zebrafish. Front Immunol 2020; 11:325. [PMID: 32161595 PMCID: PMC7053378 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phagocytes are highly motile immune cells that ingest and clear microbial invaders, harmful substances, and dying cells. Their function is critically dependent on the expression of chemokine receptors, a class of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Chemokine receptors coordinate the recruitment of phagocytes and other immune cells to sites of infection and damage, modulate inflammatory and wound healing responses, and direct cell differentiation, proliferation, and polarization. Besides, a structurally diverse group of atypical chemokine receptors (ACKRs) are unable to signal in G-protein-dependent fashion themselves but can shape chemokine gradients by fine-tuning the activity of conventional chemokine receptors. The optically transparent zebrafish embryos and larvae provide a powerful in vivo system to visualize phagocytes during development and study them as key elements of the immune response in real-time. In this review, we discuss how the zebrafish model has furthered our understanding of the role of two main classes of chemokine receptors, the CC and CXC subtypes, in phagocyte biology. We address the roles of the receptors in the migratory properties of phagocytes in zebrafish models for cancer, infectious disease, and inflammation. We illustrate how studies in zebrafish enable visualizing the contribution of chemokine receptors and ACKRs in shaping self-generated chemokine gradients of migrating cells. Taking the functional antagonism between two paralogs of the CXCR3 family as an example, we discuss how the duplication of chemokine receptor genes in zebrafish poses challenges, but also provides opportunities to study sub-functionalization or loss-of-function events. We emphasize how the zebrafish model has been instrumental to prove that the major determinant for the functional outcome of a chemokine receptor-ligand interaction is the cell-type expressing the receptor. Finally, we highlight relevant homologies and analogies between mammalian and zebrafish phagocyte function and discuss the potential of zebrafish models to further advance our understanding of chemokine receptors in innate immunity and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frida Sommer
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Vincenzo Torraca
- Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
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14
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Czogalla B, Partenheimer A, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V, Mayr D, Mahner S, Burges A, Simoni M, Melli B, Benevelli R, Bertini S, Casarini L, Trillsch F. β-arrestin 2 Is a Prognostic Factor for Survival of Ovarian Cancer Patients Upregulating Cell Proliferation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:554733. [PMID: 33042017 PMCID: PMC7530235 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.554733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishing reliable prognostic factors as well as specific targets for new therapeutic approaches is an urgent requirement in advanced ovarian cancer. For several tumor entities, the ubiquitously spread scaffold protein β-arrestin 2, a multifunctional scaffold protein regulating signal transduction and internalization of activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), has been considered with rising interest for carcinogenesis. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the prognostic impact of β-arrestin 2 and its functional role in ovarian cancer. β-arrestin 2 expression was analyzed in a subset of 156 samples of ovarian cancer patients by immunohistochemistry. Cytoplasmic expression levels were correlated with clinical as well as pathological characteristics and with prognosis. The biologic impact of β-arrestin 2 on cell proliferation and survival was evaluated, in vitro. Following transient transfection by increasing concentrations of plasmid encoding β-arrestin 2, different cell lines were evaluated in cell viability and death. β-arrestin 2 was detected in all histological ovarian cancer subtypes with highest intensity in clear cell histology. High β-arrestin 2 expression levels correlated with high-grade serous histology and the expression of the gonadotropin receptors FSHR and LHCGR, as well as the membrane estrogen receptor GPER and hCGβ. Higher cytoplasmic β-arrestin 2 expression was associated with a significantly impaired prognosis (median 29.88 vs. 50.64 months; P = 0.025). Clinical data were confirmed in transfected HEK293 cells, human immortalized granulosa cell line (hGL5) and the ovarian cancer cell line A2780 in vitro, where the induction of β-arrestin 2 cDNA expression enhanced cell viability, while the depletion of the molecule by siRNA resulted in cell death. Reflecting the role of β-arrestin 2 in modulating GPCR-induced proliferative and anti-apoptotic signals, we propose β-arrestin 2 as an important prognostic factor and also as a promising target for new therapeutic approaches in advanced ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Czogalla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Bastian Czogalla
| | - Alexandra Partenheimer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | | | - Doris Mayr
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Burges
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Manuela Simoni
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria, Modena, Italy
- PRC, INRA, CNRS, IFCE, Université de Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Beatrice Melli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Riccardo Benevelli
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Sara Bertini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Livio Casarini
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Fabian Trillsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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