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Chen H, Zhang CJ, Zhao ZY, Gao YY, Zhao JT, Li XX, Zhang M, Wang H. Mechanisms underlying LncRNA SNHG1 regulation of Alzheimer's disease involve DNA methylation. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:428-435. [PMID: 38551404 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2334248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with long non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation; however, the mechanisms underlying the role of lncRNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 1 (lncRNA SNHG1) and subsequent involvement of DNA methylation in AD development are not known. The aim of this study was to examine the regulatory mechanisms attributed to lncRNA SNHG1 gene utilizing 2 strains of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model of AD and compared to senescence-accelerated mouse resistant (SAMR) considered a control. Both strains of the mouse were transfected with either blank virus, psLenti-U6-SNHG1(low gene expression) virus, and psLenti-pA-SNHG1(gene overexpression) virus via a single injection into the brains for 2 weeks. At 2 weeks mice were subjected to a Morris water maze to determine any behavioral effects followed by sacrifice to extract hippocampal tissue for Western blotting to measure protein expression of p-tau, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, TET1, and p-Akt. No marked alterations were noted in any parameters following blank virus transfection. In SAMP8 mice, a significant decrease was noted in protein expression of DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and p-Akt associated with rise in p-tau and TET1. Transfection with ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 alone in SAMR1 mice resulted in a significant rise in DNMTs and p-Akt and a fall in p-tau and TET1. Transfection of SAMP8 with ps-Lenti-U6-SNHG1 blocked effects on overexpression noted in this mouse strain. However, knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 yielded the opposite results as found in SAMR1 mice. In conclusion, the knockdown of lncRNA SNHG1 enhanced DNA methylation through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, thereby reducing the phosphorylation levels of tau in SAMP8 AD model mice with ameliorating brain damage attributed to p-tau accumulation with consequent neuroprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medical Technology, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Chun-Jie Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medical Technology, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
- Center of Collaborative Innovation in Translational Medicine, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medical Technology, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yang-Yang Gao
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medical Technology, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jian-Tian Zhao
- Institute of Public Health, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Li
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medical Technology, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medical Technology, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - He Wang
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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Gionco JT, Bernstein AI. Emerging Role of Environmental Epitranscriptomics and RNA Modifications in Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2024; 14:643-656. [PMID: 38578904 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-230457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Environmental risk factors and gene-environment interactions play a critical role in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the relatively large contribution of environmental risk factors in the overwhelming majority of PD cases has been widely neglected in the field. A "PD prevention agenda" proposed in this journal laid out a set of research priorities focused on preventing PD through modification of environmental risk factors. This agenda includes a call for preclinical studies to employ new high-throughput methods for analyzing transcriptomics and epigenomics to provide a deeper understanding of the effects of exposures linked to PD. Here, we focus on epitranscriptomics as a novel area of research with the potential to add to our understanding of the interplay between genes and environmental exposures in PD. Both epigenetics and epitranscriptomics have been recognized as potential mediators of the complex relationship between genes, environment, and disease. Multiple studies have identified epigenetic alterations, such as DNA methylation, associated with PD and PD-related exposures in human studies and preclinical models. In addition, recent technological advancements have made it possible to study epitranscriptomic RNA modifications, such as RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A), and a handful of recent studies have begun to explore epitranscriptomics in PD-relevant exposure models. Continued exploration of epitranscriptomic mechanisms in environmentally relevant PD models offers the opportunity to identify biomarkers, pre-degenerative changes that precede symptom onset, and potential mitigation strategies for disease prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- John T Gionco
- Graduate Program in Cell and Developmental Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Alison I Bernstein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
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3
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Fadul SM, Arshad A, Mehmood R. CRISPR-based epigenome editing: mechanisms and applications. Epigenomics 2023; 15:1137-1155. [PMID: 37990877 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenomic anomalies contribute significantly to the development of numerous human disorders. The development of epigenetic research tools is essential for understanding how epigenetic marks contribute to gene expression. A gene-editing technique known as CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) typically targets a particular DNA sequence using a guide RNA (gRNA). CRISPR/Cas9 technology has been remodeled for epigenome editing by generating a 'dead' Cas9 protein (dCas9) that lacks nuclease activity and juxtaposing it with an epigenetic effector domain. Based on fusion partners of dCas9, a specific epigenetic state can be achieved. CRISPR-based epigenome editing has widespread application in drug screening, cancer treatment and regenerative medicine. This paper discusses the tools developed for CRISPR-based epigenome editing and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaima M Fadul
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science & General Studies, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aleeza Arshad
- Medical Teaching Insitute, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, 22020, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science & General Studies, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, 11533, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Smolen P, Dash PK, Redell JB. Traumatic brain injury-associated epigenetic changes and the risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1259405. [PMID: 37795186 PMCID: PMC10546067 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1259405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases the risk for developing neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). However, molecular mechanisms that underlie this risk are largely unidentified. TBI triggers widespread epigenetic modifications. Similarly, NDs such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's are associated with numerous epigenetic changes. Although epigenetic changes can persist after TBI, it is unresolved if these modifications increase the risk of later ND development and/or dementia. We briefly review TBI-related epigenetic changes, and point out putative feedback loops that might contribute to long-term persistence of some modifications. We then focus on evidence suggesting persistent TBI-associated epigenetic changes may contribute to pathological processes (e.g., neuroinflammation) which may facilitate the development of specific NDs - Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, or chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Finally, we discuss possible directions for TBI therapies that may help prevent or delay development of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Smolen
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Yazar V, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Kang SU. DNA Methylation Signature of Aging: Potential Impact on the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2023; 13:145-164. [PMID: 36710687 PMCID: PMC10041453 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-223517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of gene expression by epigenetic modifications means lasting and heritable changes in the function of genes without alterations in the DNA sequence. Of all epigenetic mechanisms identified thus far, DNA methylation has been of particular interest in both aging and age-related disease research over the last decade given the consistency of site-specific DNA methylation changes during aging that can predict future health and lifespan. An increasing line of evidence has implied the dynamic nature of DNA (de)methylation events that occur throughout the lifespan has a role in the pathophysiology of aging and age-associated neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson's disease (PD). In this regard, PD methylome shows, to some extent, similar genome-wide changes observed in the methylome of healthy individuals of matching age. In this review, we start by providing a brief overview of studies outlining global patterns of DNA methylation, then its mechanisms and regulation, within the context of aging and PD. Considering diverging lines of evidence from different experimental and animal models of neurodegeneration and how they combine to shape our current understanding of tissue-specific changes in DNA methylome in health and disease, we report a high-level comparison of the genomic methylation landscapes of brain, with an emphasis on dopaminergic neurons in PD and in natural aging. We believe this will be particularly useful for systematically dissecting overlapping genome-wide alterations in DNA methylation during PD and healthy aging, and for improving our knowledge of PD-specific changes in methylation patterns independent of aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volkan Yazar
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sung-Ung Kang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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6
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van den Hove D, Vanmierlo T, Koulousakis P, Tiane A, Hellings N, Prickaerts J. A perspective on causality assessment in epigenetic research on neurodegenerative disorders. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:331-332. [PMID: 35900421 PMCID: PMC9396512 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.343898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ortiz-Rodríguez MA, Martínez-Salazar MF, Antunez-Bautista PK, Jiménez-Osorio AS. Strategies for the study of neuroepigenetics and aging with a translational approach. AGING AND HEALTH RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2023.100122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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Zima L, West R, Smolen P, Kobori N, Hergenroeder G, Choi HA, Moore AN, Redell JB, Dash PK. Epigenetic Modifications and Their Potential Contribution to Traumatic Brain Injury Pathobiology and Outcome. J Neurotrauma 2022; 39:1279-1288. [PMID: 35481812 PMCID: PMC9529317 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2022.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic information is not permanently encoded in the DNA sequence, but rather consists of reversible, heritable modifications that regulate the gene expression profile of a cell. Epigenetic modifications can result in cellular changes that can be long lasting and include DNA methylation, histone methylation, histone acetylation, and RNA methylation. As epigenetic modifications are reversible, the enzymes that add (epigenetic writers), the proteins that decode (epigenetic readers), and the enzymes that remove (epigenetic erasers) these modifications can be targeted to alter cellular function and disease biology. While epigenetic modifications and their contributions are intense topics of current research in the context of a number of diseases, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, and Alzheimer disease, the study of epigenetics in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is in its infancy. In this review, we will summarize the experimental and clinical findings demonstrating that TBI triggers epigenetic modifications, with a focus on changes in DNA methylation, histone methylation, and the translational utility of the universal methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Finally, we will review the evidence for using methyl donors as possible treatments for TBI-associated pathology and outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zima
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Rebecca West
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Paul Smolen
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nobuhide Kobori
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Georgene Hergenroeder
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - HuiMahn A. Choi
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony N. Moore
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - John B. Redell
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pramod K. Dash
- Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Health Science Center McGovern Medical School, Houston, Texas, USA
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9
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Parkinson's disease-associated, sex-specific changes in DNA methylation at PARK7 (DJ-1), SLC17A6 (VGLUT2), PTPRN2 (IA-2β), and NR4A2 (NURR1) in cortical neurons. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:120. [PMID: 36151217 PMCID: PMC9508164 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00355-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence for epigenetic regulation playing a role in Parkinson's disease (PD) is growing, particularly for DNA methylation. Approximately 90% of PD cases are due to a complex interaction between age, genes, and environmental factors, and epigenetic marks are thought to mediate the relationship between aging, genetics, the environment, and disease risk. To date, there are a small number of published genome-wide studies of DNA methylation in PD, but none accounted for cell type or sex in their analyses. Given the heterogeneity of bulk brain tissue samples and known sex differences in PD risk, progression, and severity, these are critical variables to account for. In this genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in an enriched neuronal population from PD postmortem parietal cortex, we report sex-specific PD-associated methylation changes in PARK7 (DJ-1), SLC17A6 (VGLUT2), PTPRN2 (IA-2β), NR4A2 (NURR1), and other genes involved in developmental pathways, neurotransmitter packaging and release, and axon and neuron projection guidance.
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10
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Dang X, Huan X, Du X, Chen X, Bi M, Yan C, Jiao Q, Jiang H. Correlation of Ferroptosis and Other Types of Cell Death in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neurosci Bull 2022; 38:938-952. [PMID: 35482278 PMCID: PMC9352832 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-022-00861-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is defined as an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death pathway, with specific morphological phenotypes and biochemical changes. There is a growing realization that ferroptosis has significant implications for several neurodegenerative diseases. Even though ferroptosis is different from other forms of programmed death such as apoptosis and autophagic death, they involve a number of common protein molecules. This review focuses on current research on ferroptosis and summarizes the cross-talk among ferroptosis, apoptosis, and autophagy that are implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. We hope that this information provides new ideas for understanding the mechanisms and searching for potential therapeutic approaches and prevention of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Dang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xuejie Huan
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xixun Du
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mingxia Bi
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Chunling Yan
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qian Jiao
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Physiology, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention of Neurological Disorders, State Key Disciplines: Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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11
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Sorokina AG, Orlova YA, Grigorieva OA, Novoseletskaya ES, Basalova NA, Alexandrushkina NA, Vigovsky MA, Kirillova KI, Balatsky AV, Samokhodskaya LM, Danilova NV, Dyachkova UD, Fedotov DА, Akopyan AA, Kakotkin VV, Asratyan DA, Akopyan ZA, Efimenko AY. Creation of a collection of different biological sample types from elderly patients to study the relationship of clinical, systemic, tissue and cellular biomarkers of accumulation of senescent cells during aging. КАРДИОВАСКУЛЯРНАЯ ТЕРАПИЯ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКА 2022. [DOI: 10.15829/1728-8800-2021-3051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
With aging, tissue homeostasis and their effective recovery after damage is violated. It has been shown that this may be due to the excessive accumulation of senescent (SC) cells in various tissues, which leads to the activation of chronic sterile inflammation, tissue dysfunction and, as a result, to the development of age-related diseases. To assess the contribution of SC cells to human body aging and pathogenesis of such diseases, relevant biomarkers are studied. For successful translation into clinical practice of approaches aimed at regulating the SC cell content in various tissues, it is necessary to study the relationship between the established clinical biomarkers of aging and age-related diseases, systemic aging parameters, and SC biomarkers at the tissue and cellular levels.Aim. To develop and describe action algorithms for creating a biobank of samples obtained from patients aged >65 years in order to study biomarkers of SC cell accumulation.Material and methods. To collect samples, an interaction system was built between several research, clinical and infrastructure departments of a multidisciplinary medical center. At the stage of preanalytical training, regulatory legal acts were developed, including informed consent for patients, as well as protocols for each stage of the study.Results. A roadmap was formed with action algorithms for all participants in the study, as well as with a convenient and accessible system of annotations and storage of biological samples. To date, the collection includes biological samples of 7 different types (peripheral blood serum, formalin-fixed tissue samples and formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue specimens, samples of different cells isolated from peripheral blood, skin and adipose tissue, samples of deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acids, cell secretome conditioned media) obtained from 82 patients. We accumulated relevant anamnestic, clinical and laboratory data, as well as the results of experimental studies to assess the SC cell biomarkers. Using the collection, the relationship between clinical, tissue and cellular biomarkers of SC cell accumulation was studied.Conclusion. The creation of a collection of biological samples at the molecular, cellular, tissue and organism levels from one patient provides great opportunities for research in the field of personalized medicine and the study of age-related disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. G. Sorokina
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - Ya. A. Orlova
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - O. A. Grigorieva
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - E. S. Novoseletskaya
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - N. A. Basalova
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - N. A. Alexandrushkina
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - M. A. Vigovsky
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - K. I. Kirillova
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - A. V. Balatsky
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - L. M. Samokhodskaya
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - N. V. Danilova
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | | | | | - A. A. Akopyan
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | | | - D. A. Asratyan
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - Zh. A. Akopyan
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
| | - A. Yu. Efimenko
- Medical Research and Education Center of the Lomonosov Moscow State University; Lomonosov Moscow State University
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12
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Császár N, Scholkmann F, Bókkon I. Implications on hypnotherapy: Neuroplasticity, epigenetics and pain. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:755-764. [PMID: 34619172 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
We provide a brief review about the significance of hypnosis with respect to applications and physiological processes in hypnotherapy. Our review concludes that hypnosis is a promising method to manage acute and chronic pain. In addition, we discuss indications pointing toward the view that hypnosis can induce changes in neuroplasticity possibly involving epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Császár
- National University of Public Services, Budapest, Hungary; Psychosomatic Outpatient Clinics, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - F Scholkmann
- Biomedical Optics Research Laboratory, Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - I Bókkon
- Psychosomatic Outpatient Clinics, Budapest, Hungary; Vision Research Institute, Neuroscience and Consciousness Research Department, Lowell, MA, USA.
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Ma D, Li Y, Zhu Y, Wei W, Zhang L, Li Y, Li L, Zhang L. Cornel Iridoid Glycoside Ameliorated Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathologies and Necroptosis through RIPK1/MLKL Pathway in Young and Aged SAMP8 Mice. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:9920962. [PMID: 34475966 PMCID: PMC8407981 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9920962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is an important risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Senescence-accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) is used as an animal model for brain aging and sporadic AD research studies. The aim of the current study was to investigate the pharmacological effects of cornel iridoid glycoside (CIG), an active ingredient of Cornus officinalis, on AD-type pathological changes in young and aged SAMP8 mice. METHODS Locomotor activity test was used to detect the aging process of SAMP8 mice. Nissl staining and immunohistochemical staining were applied to detect neurons and myelin basic protein-labelled myelin sheath. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of related proteins of synapse, APP processing, and necroptosis. RESULTS The results showed that SAMP8 mice at the age of 6 and 14 months exhibited lower locomotor activity, age-related neuronal loss, demyelination, synaptic damage, and APP amyloidogenic processing. In addition, the increased levels of receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 (RIPK1), mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL), and p-MLKL indicating necroptosis were found in the brain of SAMP8 mice. Intragastric administration of CIG for 2 months improved locomotor activity; alleviated neuronal loss and demyelination; increased the expression of synaptophysin, postsynaptic density protein 95, and AMPA receptor subunit 1; elevated the levels of soluble APPα fragment and disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10); and decreased the levels of RIPK1, p-MLKL, and MLKL in the brain of young and aged SAMP8 mice. CONCLUSION This study denoted that CIG might be a potential drug for aging-related neurodegenerative diseases such as AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denglei Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yanzheng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
- Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Weipeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yali Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing Engineering Research Center for Nervous System Drugs, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100053, China
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14
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Murthy M, Cheng YY, Holton JL, Bettencourt C. Neurodegenerative movement disorders: An epigenetics perspective and promise for the future. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2021; 47:897-909. [PMID: 34318515 PMCID: PMC9291277 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative movement disorders (NMDs) are age‐dependent disorders that are characterised by the degeneration and loss of neurons, typically accompanied by pathological accumulation of different protein aggregates in the brain, which lead to motor symptoms. NMDs include Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and Huntington's disease, among others. Epigenetic modifications are responsible for functional gene regulation during development, adult life and ageing and have progressively been implicated in complex diseases such as cancer and more recently in neurodegenerative diseases, such as NMDs. DNA methylation is by far the most widely studied epigenetic modification and consists of the reversible addition of a methyl group to the DNA without changing the DNA sequence. Although this research field is still in its infancy in relation to NMDs, an increasing number of studies point towards a role for DNA methylation in disease processes. This review addresses recent advances in epigenetic and epigenomic research in NMDs, with a focus on human brain DNA methylation studies. We discuss the current understanding of the DNA methylation changes underlying these disorders, the potential for use of these DNA modifications in peripheral tissues as biomarkers in early disease detection, classification and progression as well as a promising role in future disease management and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha Murthy
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Yun Yung Cheng
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Janice L Holton
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Conceição Bettencourt
- Queen Square Brain Bank for Neurological Disorders, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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15
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Bellver-Sanchis A, Pallàs M, Griñán-Ferré C. The Contribution of Epigenetic Inheritance Processes on Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:epigenomes5020015. [PMID: 34968302 PMCID: PMC8594669 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last years, epigenetic processes have emerged as important factors for many neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These complex diseases seem to have a heritable component; however, genome-wide association studies failed to identify the genetic loci involved in the etiology. So, how can these changes be transmitted from one generation to the next? Answering this question would allow us to understand how the environment can affect human populations for multiple generations and explain the high prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD. This review pays particular attention to the relationship among epigenetics, cognition, and neurodegeneration across generations, deepening the understanding of the relevance of heritability in neurodegenerative diseases. We highlight some recent examples of EI induced by experiences, focusing on their contribution of processes in learning and memory to point out new targets for therapeutic interventions. Here, we first describe the prominent role of epigenetic factors in memory processing. Then, we briefly discuss aspects of EI. Additionally, we summarize evidence of how epigenetic marks inherited by experience and/or environmental stimuli contribute to cognitive status offspring since better knowledge of EI can provide clues in the appearance and development of age-related cognitive decline and AD.
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16
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Stoccoro A, Smith AR, Baldacci F, Del Gamba C, Lo Gerfo A, Ceravolo R, Lunnon K, Migliore L, Coppedè F. Mitochondrial D-Loop Region Methylation and Copy Number in Peripheral Blood DNA of Parkinson's Disease Patients. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12050720. [PMID: 34065874 PMCID: PMC8151519 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation has been detected in several human pathologies, although little attention has been given to neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, altered methylation levels of the mitochondrial displacement loop (D-loop) region, which regulates mtDNA replication, were observed in peripheral blood cells of Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. However, nothing is yet known about D-loop region methylation levels in peripheral blood of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. In the current study, we investigated D-loop methylation levels and mtDNA copy number in peripheral blood of 30 PD patients and 30 age- and sex-matched control subjects. DNA methylation analyses have been performed by means of methylation-sensitive high-resolution melting (MS-HRM) and pyrosequencing techniques, while mtDNA copy number was analyzed by quantitative PCR. MS-HRM and pyrosequencing analyses provided very similar D-loop methylation levels in PD patients and control subjects, and no differences between the two groups have been observed. Treatment with L-dopa and duration of the disease had no effect on D-loop methylation levels in PD patients. Additionally, mtDNA copy number did not differ between PD patients and control subjects. Current results suggest that D-loop methylation levels are not altered in peripheral blood of PD patients nor influenced by dopaminergic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stoccoro
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.S.); (L.M.)
| | - Adam R. Smith
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK; (A.R.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Filippo Baldacci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (C.D.G.); (A.L.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Claudia Del Gamba
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (C.D.G.); (A.L.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Annalisa Lo Gerfo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (C.D.G.); (A.L.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Roberto Ceravolo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (F.B.); (C.D.G.); (A.L.G.); (R.C.)
| | - Katie Lunnon
- Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5DW, UK; (A.R.S.); (K.L.)
| | - Lucia Migliore
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.S.); (L.M.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Fabio Coppedè
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (A.S.); (L.M.)
- Correspondence:
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17
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Ageing, cellular senescence and the impact of diet: an overview. Porto Biomed J 2021; 6:e120. [PMID: 33884316 PMCID: PMC8055488 DOI: 10.1097/j.pbj.0000000000000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a risk factor for chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic syndrome. Among others, senescence mechanisms have become a target of huge research on the topic of the ageing process. Cellular senescence is a state of an irreversible growth arrest that occurs in response to various forms of cellular stress and is characterized by a pro-inflammatory secretory phenotype. Multiple studies showed that cellular senescence occurs in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Senescent cells accumulate with ageing and can contribute to age-related decline in tissue function. Obesity is a metabolic condition that can accelerate the ageing process by promoting a premature induction of the senescent state of the cells. In contrast, caloric restriction without malnutrition is currently the most effective non-genetic intervention to delay ageing, and its potential in decreasing the cellular senescent burden is suggested. Here, it will be highlighted the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cellular senescence and discussed some of the research that is being done about how environmental conditions such as diet can affect the accumulation of senescent cells.
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18
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van den Hove DLA, Riemens RJM, Koulousakis P, Pishva E. Epigenome-wide association studies in Alzheimer's disease; achievements and challenges. Brain Pathol 2020; 30:978-983. [PMID: 32654262 PMCID: PMC8018126 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a devastating progressive neurodegenerative disease with a complex pathophysiology, affecting millions of people worldwide. Recent epigenome-wide association studies suggest a key role for epigenetic mechanisms in its development and course. Despite the fact that current evidence on the role of epigenetic dysregulation in aging and AD is convincing, the pioneering field of neuroepigenetics is still facing many challenges that need to be addressed to fundamentally increase our understanding about the underlying mechanisms of this neurodegenerative disorder. This perspective paper describes the current state of play for epigenetic research into AD and discusses how new methodological advances in the field of epigenetics and related data science disciplines could further spur the development of novel therapeutic agents and biomarker assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. A. van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
- Division of Molecular PsychiatryLaboratory of Translational NeuroscienceCenter of Mental HealthDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Renzo J. M. Riemens
- Department of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
- Institute of Human GeneticsJulius Maximilians UniversityWürzburgGermany
| | - Philippos Koulousakis
- Department of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
| | - Ehsan Pishva
- Department of Psychiatry and NeuropsychologySchool for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs)Maastricht UniversityMaastrichtthe Netherlands
- College of Medicine and HealthUniversity of Exeter Medical SchoolExeter UniversityExeterUK
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19
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González-Mundo I, Pérez-Vielma NM, Gómez-López M, Fleury A, Correa-Basurto J, Rosales-Hernández MC, Sixto-López Y, Martínez-Godinez MDLÁ, Domínguez-López A, Miliar-García A. DNA methylation of the RE-1 silencing transcription factor in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and gene expression of antioxidant enzyme in patients with late-onset Alzheimer disease. Exp Gerontol 2020; 136:110951. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Bhatti GK, Reddy AP, Reddy PH, Bhatti JS. Lifestyle Modifications and Nutritional Interventions in Aging-Associated Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 11:369. [PMID: 31998117 PMCID: PMC6966236 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a type of incurable neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ; plaques) and tau hyperphosphorylation as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the brain followed by neuronal death, cognitive decline, and memory loss. The high prevalence of AD in the developed world has become a major public health challenge associated with social and economic burdens on individuals and society. Due to there being limited options for early diagnosis and determining the exact pathophysiology of AD, finding effective therapeutic strategies has become a great challenge. Several possible risk factors associated with AD pathology have been identified; however, their roles are still inconclusive. Recent clinical trials of the drugs targeting Aβ and tau have failed to find a cure for the AD pathology. Therefore, effective preventive strategies should be followed to reduce the exponential increase in the prevalence of cognitive decline and dementia, especially AD. Although the search for new therapeutic targets is a great challenge for the scientific community, the roles of lifestyle interventions and nutraceuticals in the prevention of many metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases are highly appreciated in the literature. In this article, we summarize the molecular mechanisms involved in AD pathology and the possible ameliorative action of lifestyle and nutritional interventions including diet, exercise, Calorie restriction (CR), and various bioactive compounds on cognitive decline and dementia. This article will provide insights into the role of non-pharmacologic interventions in the modulation of AD pathology, which may offer the benefit of improving quality of life by reducing cognitive decline and incident AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurjit Kaur Bhatti
- Department of Medical Lab Technology, University Institute of Applied Health Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, India
| | - Arubala P. Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - P. Hemachandra Reddy
- Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Public Health Department of Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
- Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Department, School Health Professions, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, United States
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Biotechnology and Microbial Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
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Avram S, Mernea M, Limban C, Borcan F, Chifiriuc C. Potential Therapeutic Approaches to Alzheimer's Disease By Bioinformatics, Cheminformatics And Predicted Adme-Tox Tools. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 18:696-719. [PMID: 31885353 PMCID: PMC7536829 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666191230120053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 12/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is considered a severe, irreversible and progressive neurodegenerative disorder. Currently, the pharmacological management of AD is based on a few clinically approved acethylcholinesterase (AChE) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor ligands, with unclear molecular mechanisms and severe side effects. METHODS Here, we reviewed the most recent bioinformatics, cheminformatics (SAR, drug design, molecular docking, friendly databases, ADME-Tox) and experimental data on relevant structurebiological activity relationships and molecular mechanisms of some natural and synthetic compounds with possible anti-AD effects (inhibitors of AChE, NMDA receptors, beta-secretase, amyloid beta (Aβ), redox metals) or acting on multiple AD targets at once. We considered: (i) in silico supported by experimental studies regarding the pharmacological potential of natural compounds as resveratrol, natural alkaloids, flavonoids isolated from various plants and donepezil, galantamine, rivastagmine and memantine derivatives, (ii) the most important pharmacokinetic descriptors of natural compounds in comparison with donepezil, memantine and galantamine. RESULTS In silico and experimental methods applied to synthetic compounds led to the identification of new AChE inhibitors, NMDA antagonists, multipotent hybrids targeting different AD processes and metal-organic compounds acting as Aβ inhibitors. Natural compounds appear as multipotent agents, acting on several AD pathways: cholinesterases, NMDA receptors, secretases or Aβ, but their efficiency in vivo and their correct dosage should be determined. CONCLUSION Bioinformatics, cheminformatics and ADME-Tox methods can be very helpful in the quest for an effective anti-AD treatment, allowing the identification of novel drugs, enhancing the druggability of molecular targets and providing a deeper understanding of AD pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Mernea
- Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95th Spl. Independentei, Bucharest, Romania; Tel/Fax: ++4-021-318-1573; E-mail:
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22
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Lardenoije R, van den Hove DL, Jung SE, Havermans M, Blackburn P, Liu B, Rutten BP, Lemere CA. Active Amyloid-β Vaccination Results in Epigenetic Changes in the Hippocampus of an Alzheimer’s Disease-Like Mouse Model. Curr Alzheimer Res 2019; 16:861-870. [DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666190827122009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background:
While evidence accumulates for a role of epigenetic modifications in the
pathophysiological cascade of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), amyloid-β (Aβ)-targeted active immunotherapy
approaches are under investigation to prevent or slow the progression of AD. The impact of Aβ active
vaccines on epigenetic markers has not been studied thus far.
Objective:
The current study aims to establish the relationship between active immunotherapy with a
MER5101-based vaccine (consisting of Aβ1-15 copies conjugated with a 7 aa spacer to the diphtheria
toxoid carrier protein, formulated in a Th2-biased adjuvant) and epigenetic DNA modifications in the
hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice.
Methods:
As we previously reported, immunotherapy started when the mice were 10 months of age and
behavioral testing occurred at 14 months of age, after which the mice were sacrificed for further analysis
of their brains. In this add-on study, global levels of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, and
DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) were determined using quantitative immunohistochemistry, and
compared to our previously analyzed immunization-induced changes in AD-related neuropathology and
cognition.
Results:
Active immunization did not affect global DNA methylation levels but instead, resulted in decreased
DNA hydroxymethylation and DNMT3A levels. Independent of immunization, inverse correlations
with behavioral performance were observed for levels of DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation,
as well as DNMT3A, while Aβ pathology and synaptic markers did not correlate with DNA methylation
levels but did positively correlate with DNA hydroxymethylation and levels of DNMT3A.
Conclusion:
Our results indicate that active Aβ vaccination has significant effects on the epigenome in
the hippocampus of APPswe/PS1dE9 mice, and suggest that DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation
may be involved in cognitive functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Lardenoije
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Daniël L.A. van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200MD, Netherlands
| | - Sophie E. Jung
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200MD, Netherlands
| | - Monique Havermans
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200MD, Netherlands
| | | | - Bin Liu
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Bart P.F. Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNS), Maastricht University, Maastricht 6200MD, Netherlands
| | - Cynthia A. Lemere
- Department of Neurology, Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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23
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Kochmanski J, VanOeveren SE, Patterson JR, Bernstein AI. Developmental Dieldrin Exposure Alters DNA Methylation at Genes Related to Dopaminergic Neuron Development and Parkinson's Disease in Mouse Midbrain. Toxicol Sci 2019; 169:593-607. [PMID: 30859219 PMCID: PMC6542339 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human and animal studies have shown that exposure to the organochlorine pesticide dieldrin is associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite previous work showing a link between developmental dieldrin exposure and increased neuronal susceptibility to MPTP toxicity in male C57BL/6 mice, the mechanism mediating this effect has not been identified. Here, we tested the hypothesis that developmental exposure to dieldrin increases neuronal susceptibility via genome-wide changes in DNA methylation. Starting at 8 weeks of age and prior to mating, female C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 0.3 mg/kg dieldrin by feeding (every 3 days) throughout breeding, gestation, and lactation. At 12 weeks of age, pups were sacrificed and ventral mesencephalon, containing primarily substantia nigra, was microdissected. DNA was isolated and dieldrin-related changes in DNA methylation were assessed via reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. We identified significant, sex-specific differentially methylated CpGs (DMCs) and regions (DMRs) by developmental dieldrin exposure (false discovery rate < 0.05), including DMCs at the Nr4a2 and Lmx1b genes, which are involved in dopaminergic neuron development and maintenance. Developmental dieldrin exposure had distinct effects on the male and female epigenome. Together, our data suggest that developmental dieldrin exposure establishes sex-specific poised epigenetic states early in life. These poised epigenomes may mediate sensitivity to subsequent toxic stimuli and contribute to the development of late-life neurodegenerative disease, including PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Kochmanski
- Department of Translational Science & Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Sarah E VanOeveren
- Department of Translational Science & Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Joseph R Patterson
- Department of Translational Science & Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
| | - Alison I Bernstein
- Department of Translational Science & Molecular Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503
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24
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Rutten BPF. Neuroepigenetics of Mental Illness: The Inside Outs of the Outside Within. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 158:1-13. [PMID: 30072049 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics refers to environmentally sensitive modifications to DNA and chromatin that regulate gene transcription without altering the genetic sequence itself. Because of the brain's central role in a person's adaptation to dynamic changes in the environment, the field of epigenetic research is particularly pertinent for the neurosciences and mental health and illness. "Neuroepigenetics" refers to the field of epigenetics, as applied to research of the nervous system and related functional abilities. The onset and course of mental disorders revolve around person-environment interactions, i.e., the interplay between environmental factors with people (and their brain) throughout life and on the background of an individual's inherited genomic make-up. With respect to the nervous system and its functional abilities, neuroepigenetic research aims to turn the inside outs by explicating the epigenetic profiles that regulate gene expression within cells while epigenetic profiles themselves may reflect the imprints of external factors (the outside of the organism). Neuroepigenetic research is of prime importance for elucidating the molecular underpinnings of gene-environment interplay in relation to functional abilities of the brain and mental health throughout life, and thus for identifying the mechanisms underlying onset and course of mental disorders. However, neuroepigenetic research is still in its infancy and many conceptual and methodological challenges are apparent. In addition, there are considerable complexities and major challenges in conceptualizing the nature and diagnosis of mental disorders, and these need to be taken into account in studying neuroepigenetics of mental disorders. The current manuscript provides an overview and conceptual framework for neuroepigenetic research in mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart P F Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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