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Zhao S, Ju Y, Gao B, Chu F, Lu B, Bao G, Ding S, Liu Y. The value of FPR, FAR, CAR, CPR in the auxiliary diagnosis of colon cancer. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e39133. [PMID: 39093732 PMCID: PMC11296487 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000039133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic malnutrition, abnormal blood clotting, and systemic inflammation contribute to the occurrence and progression of colon cancer. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic utility of the 100fibrinogen-to-prealbumin ratio (FPR), 100fibrinogen-to-albumin ratio (FAR), 100C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (CAR), and 100C-reactive protein-to-prealbumin ratio (CPR) in aiding the diagnosis of colon cancer. A total of 129 patients with colon cancer were enrolled between April 2015 and August 2022. While 129 patients with colon adenoma were selected as the control group. The serum levels of FAR, FPR, CAR, CPR, CEA, and CA125 in the colon cancer group were significantly higher than those in the colon adenoma group (P < .05). In Logistic regression analysis, high FAR and high FPR were identified as independent risk factors for colon cancer. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis results showed that Among the combined measures, FAR, FPR, CAR, and CPR had the highest diagnostic efficacy in distinguishing colon cancer from colon adenomas (AUC = 0.886, Sen = 80.62%, Spe = 81.40%). Thus, FAR, FPR, CAR, and CPR may serve as valuable biomarkers for the diagnosis of colon cancer, and the combined detection of FAR, FPR, CAR, and CPR can enhance the diagnostic efficiency for both colon cancer and colon adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ying Ju
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Binbin Gao
- Department of Oncology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fulu Chu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Bingru Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Guolin Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shan Ding
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yiqing Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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Zhou D, Fan X, Xie S, Lu M, Gao L, Zhang R, Zhu M. Clinical application of serum CST4 combined with tumor markers in the diagnosis of digestive system malignant tumors. Oncol Lett 2024; 28:384. [PMID: 38966578 PMCID: PMC11222915 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of plasma human cystatin-S (CST4) in patients with digestive system malignant tumors. CST4 and tumor markers, such as α-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA)199, CA125, CA153 and CA724, were detected in blood samples from 100 patients with a digestive system malignant tumor and 100 patients with benign digestive system diseases. The tumor markers AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 were detected using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, and CST4 levels were detected using a human CST4 ELISA kit. The results demonstrated that the sensitivities of AFP and CA153 (both 5.00%) were significantly lower than that of CST4 (38.00%) in the diagnosis of digestive system malignancy (P<0.001), and CA724 (18.00%) was also less sensitive than CST4 (P<0.05). The sensitivities of CA199 (26.00%), CEA (31.00%) and CA125 (25.00%) were similar to that of CST4 (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the CEA, CA125, CA724 and CST4 specificities (P>0.05), which were 91.00, 95.00, 94.00 and 83.00%, respectively. The specificities of AFP (99.00%), CA199 (98.00%) and CA153 (100.00%) were significantly higher than that of CST4 (P<0.01). By constructing a receiver operating characteristic curve and comparing the area under the curve as well as sensitivity, the findings of the present study demonstrated that combining CST4 with AFP, CEA, CA199, CA125, CA153 and CA724 can significantly enhance the diagnostic sensitivity for malignancies of the digestive system. However, the introduction of CST4 into the traditional diagnostic groups (CEA + AFP, CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724 and AFP + CEA + CA199 + CA125 + CA153 + CA724) resulted in an increased sensitivity and loss of specificity, thereby not offering significant advantages in terms of comprehensive diagnostic efficiency compared with the traditional diagnostic groups. In conclusion, CST4 detection may be a promising diagnostic tool. Nonetheless, the potential false positive results in tumor diagnosis should be taken into consideration when developing new diagnostic groups involving CST4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dangui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Xinyue Fan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Siqi Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Meiyi Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Lili Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Chaohu Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Chaohu, Anhui 238000, P.R. China
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Liang SH, Li C, Xie S. The diagnostic value of pleural effusion/serum ratio of carcinoembryonic antigen and pleural effusion/serum ratio of interferon-γ in classification of pleural effusion. Lab Med 2024:lmae050. [PMID: 39005192 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Distinguishing between different types of pleural effusions (PEs) is crucial for clinical diagnosis and treatment. This study evaluates the diagnostic value of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) levels in PE and serum, as well as the PE/serum ratios of these markers, in classifying PE. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 99 patients with PE, categorizing them into malignant pleural effusion (MPE), tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), and benign PE groups. Levels of CEA and IFN-γ in PE and serum were quantified and their ratios were calculated. Diagnostic performance was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis, focusing on the area under the curve (AUC) to determine the efficacy of these biomarkers. RESULTS Significantly elevated levels of CEA in PE and serum were observed in the MPE group compared to the benign and TPE groups, with the PE/serum CEA ratio offering substantial diagnostic value (AUCs: PE = 0.843, serum = 0.744). Conversely, IFN-γ levels in PE and serum were markedly higher in the TPE group, demonstrating notable diagnostic accuracy (AUCs: PE = 0.970, serum = 0.917). CONCLUSION Both CEA and IFN-γ demonstrate high clinical utility in differentiating between MPE and TPE. The PE/serum ratio of these biomarkers enhances diagnostic accuracy, potentially facilitating earlier and more accurate therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Hui Liang
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cui Li
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Si Xie
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Zhang TM, Zhu XN, Qin SW, Guo XF, Xing XK, Zhao LF, Tan SK. Potential and application of abortive transcripts as a novel molecular marker of cancers. World J Exp Med 2024; 14:92343. [PMID: 38948416 PMCID: PMC11212745 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v14.i2.92343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Abortive transcript (AT) is a 2-19 nt long non-coding RNA that is produced in the abortive initiation stage. Abortive initiation was found to be closely related to RNA polymerase through in vitro experiments. Therefore, the distribution of AT length and the scale of abortive initiation are correlated to the promoter, discriminator, and transcription initiation sequence, and can be affected by transcription elongation factors. AT plays an important role in the occurrence and development of various diseases. Here we summarize the discovery of AT, the factors responsible for AT formation, the detection methods and biological functions of AT, to provide new clues for finding potential targets in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Miao Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiao-Nian Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shao-Wei Qin
- School of Leisure and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xue-Feng Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xue-Kun Xing
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li-Feng Zhao
- School of Leisure and Health, Guilin Tourism University, Guilin 541006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Sheng-Kui Tan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541199, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
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Lei J, Wu L, Zhang N, Liu X, Zhang J, Kuang L, Chen J, Chen Y, Li D, Li Y. Carcinoembryonic antigen potentiates non-small cell lung cancer progression via PKA-PGC-1ɑ axis. MOLECULAR BIOMEDICINE 2024; 5:19. [PMID: 38782774 PMCID: PMC11116303 DOI: 10.1186/s43556-024-00181-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor-associated antigen primarily produced by tumor cells. It has been implicated in various biological processes such as cell adhesion, proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis. Despite this, the precise molecular mechanisms through which CEA enhances tumor cell proliferation remain largely unclear. Our study demonstrates that CEA enhances the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) while also inhibiting cisplatin-induced apoptosis in NSCLC cells. Treatment with CEA led to an increase in mitochondrial numbers and accumulation of lipid droplets in A549 and H1299 cells. Additionally, our findings indicate that CEA plays a role in regulating the fatty acid metabolism of NSCLC cells. Inhibiting fatty acid metabolism significantly reduced the CEA-mediated proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells. CEA influences fatty acid metabolism and the proliferation of NSCLC cells by activating the PGC-1α signaling pathway. This regulatory mechanism involves CEA increasing intracellular cAMP levels, which in turn activates PKA and upregulates PGC-1α. In NSCLC, inhibiting the PKA-PGC-1α signaling pathway reduces both fatty acid metabolism and the proliferation and migration induced by CEA, both in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that CEA contributes to the promotion of proliferation and migration by modulating fatty acid metabolism. Targeting CEA or the PKA-PGC-1ɑ signaling pathway may offer a promising therapeutic approach for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Lei Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Xudong Liu
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jiangang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Liwen Kuang
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Jiongming Chen
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Yijiao Chen
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Dairong Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
| | - Yongsheng Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, China.
- School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China.
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Li C, Liu L, You R, Li Y, Pu H, Lei M, Fan B, Lv J, Liu M, Yan G, Li Z, You D, Zhang T. Trajectory patterns and cumulative burden of CEA during follow-up with non-small cell lung cancer outcomes: A retrospective longitudinal cohort study. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1803-1808. [PMID: 38594371 PMCID: PMC11130257 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) focused on CEA measured at a single time point, ignoring serial CEA measurements. METHODS This retrospective cohort included 2959 patients underwent surgery for stage I-III NSCLC. CEA trajectory patterns and long-term cumulative CEA burden were evaluated using the latent class growth mixture model. RESULTS Four CEA trajectory groups were identified, named as low-stable, decreasing, early-rising and later-rising. Compared with the low-stable group, the adjusted hazard ratios associated with death were 1.27, 4.50, and 3.68 for the other groups. Cumulative CEA burden were positively associated with the risk of death in patients not belonging to the low-stable group. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rates decreased from 62.3% to 33.0% for the first and fourth quantile groups of cumulative CEA burden. Jointly, patients with decreasing CEA trajectory could be further divided into the decreasing & low and decreasing & high group, with 5-year OS rates to be 77.9% and 47.1%. Patients with rising CEA trajectory and high cumulative CEA were found to be more likely to develop bone metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal trajectory patterns and long-term cumulative burden of CEA were independent prognostic factors of NSCLC. We recommend CEA in postoperative surveillance of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Lizhu Liu
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Ruimin You
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Hongjiang Pu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China
| | - Bingbing Fan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Jiali Lv
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China
| | - Mengmei Liu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Guanghong Yan
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China
| | - Zhenhui Li
- Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Yunnan Cancer Center, Kunming, 650118, China.
| | - Dingyun You
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Health and Biosafety & School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650500, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, China.
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Xing L, Zhao S, Gao S, Shi X, Huang Y, Bian P, Sun J. Reference intervals of Cyfra21-1 and CEA in healthy adult Han Chinese population. Pract Lab Med 2024; 40:e00409. [PMID: 38846326 PMCID: PMC11153929 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2024.e00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to establish the reference intervals of Cyfra21-1 and CEA for the local screening populations using a chemiluminescence method. Methods A total of 4845 healthy adults and 190 lung cancer patients were included from the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University. The levels of Cyfra21-1 and CEA were measured to establish the local reference intervals. Results The upper limit reference intervals for Cyfra21-1 and CEA were determined as 3.19 ng/ml and 3.13 ng/ml, respectively. Notably, both Cyfra21-1 and CEA levels were found to be higher in males than in females. Additionally, both biomarkers showed an increasing trend with age.In terms of diagnostic efficacy, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve areas for Cyfra21-1, CEA, and their combination in lung cancer were 0.86, 0.73, and 0.91, respectively. Conclusion Our study revealed that the reference intervals of Cyfra21-1 and CEA in the local population differed from the established reference intervals. Furthermore, both biomarkers exhibited gender-dependent variations and demonstrated a positive correlation with age. Combining the two biomarkers showed potential for improving the diagnosis rate of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shichao Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaoqian Shi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yaomeng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Puhuan Bian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jingna Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, 89 Donggang Road, Yuhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050031, Hebei Province, China
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Shamsazar A, Moghaddam MS, Asadi A, Mahdavi M. Advancing CEA quantification: Designing a sensitive electrochemical immunosenor using MWCNT/Ni(OH) 2 nanocomposite. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29768. [PMID: 38681597 PMCID: PMC11053223 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
An ultra-sensitive immunosensor was designed for the accurate determination of Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA). To enhance the performance of immunosensor, an MWCNT/Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite was utilized as the electrochemical interface and modifier of the electrode surface. The simple preparation procedures for MWCNT/Ni(OH)2 composite were provided. Its characteristics and properties were investigated by HRTEM, FESEM, XRD, and FTIR techniques. Leveraging the unique electrochemical characteristics shown by the MWCNT/Ni(OH)2 nanocomposite and its correlation with CEA, high accuracy in CEA detection was achieved. Experimental findings provide evidence that the proposed immunosensor has the ability to detect CEA in laboratory samples. This research contributes towards achieving precise and rapid CEA detection in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Across a wide concentration range of CEA, the designed immunosensor demonstrated a linear response from 0.0001 ng/mL to 2 ng/mL, and its limit of detection (LOD) was just 0.076 pg/mL. To evaluate the practical applicability of the electrochemical immunosensor, blood serum samples were examined, revealing the immunosensor's remarkable specificity and longevity. Its high accuracy and stability make it a valuable tool in clinical settings and biomedical research, paving the way for improved cancer management and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shamsazar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mahsa Soheili Moghaddam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Asadollah Asadi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Majid Mahdavi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Geng J, Jinli S, Guo W, Li H, Dan Y, Gao Y. Expression and clinical significance of CA125, CA153 and CEA in nipple discharge of breast cancer patients. J Med Biochem 2024; 43:234-242. [PMID: 38699697 PMCID: PMC11062330 DOI: 10.5937/jomb0-45192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It is an important clinical means to identify benign and malignant breast diseases caused by nipple discharge through the detection and analysis of components in nipple discharge. This study was aimed to test the expression and clinical significance of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in nipple discharge of breast cancer patients. Methods From January 2017 to December 2018, 86 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with nipple discharge (breast cancer group) and 50 patients with ordinary breast duct hyperplasia with nipple discharge (benign control group) were selected, and the levels of CA125, CA153 and CEA in nipple discharge and serum were detected by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Geng
- Jinan Central Hospital, Medical Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Jinan, China
| | - Shi Jinli
- Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Emergency Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Weina Guo
- Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao Cancer Hospital, Health Management Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Dan
- Zhangqiu District People's Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Dongguan Town Hospital, Medical Laboratory Diagnosis Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dongguan, China
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Lv J, Liping C, Huaying W. The Diagnostic and Predictive Value of Biomarkers for Pulmonary Fibrosis in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019. J Glob Infect Dis 2024; 16:45-53. [PMID: 39081507 PMCID: PMC11286082 DOI: 10.4103/jgid.jgid_150_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), particularly in older people, dysregulated immune response and aberrant repair can result in varied severity secondary pulmonary fibrosis (PF). By detecting some indicators, the occurrence and prognosis of fibrosis can be measured, providing directions for COVID-19 treatment. Methods The research study lasted for 3 months and involved 88 COVID-19 patients. According to the chest radiological examination, 47 (53.41%) individuals were found to have no PF, while 41 (46.59%) showed PF. Clinical data such as inflammation markers, imaging findings, blood gas analysis, and hospital stay length were collected. Results With area under the curve values of 0.7413, 0.7741, and 0.7048, respectively, and the study of the receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated that mucin 1 (MUC1), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and CXC chemokine receptor 10 (CXCL10) could diagnose the presence of COVID-19 PF. To evaluate the possibility of PF following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection, we established particular values for MUC1, CEA, and CXCL10 (1.296 ng/ml, 4.315 ng/ml, and 32.77 ng/ml, respectively). The survival curve for hospital days indicated that the length of hospital stays positively correlated with these three factors (P < 0.01). Transforming growth factor-beta did not correlate significantly with the severity of COVID-19 or PF. Conclusion The results of this study suggested that the MUC1, CEA, and CXCL10 can be employed to explore the severity of secondary PF in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiapei Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People’s Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Chen Liping
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People’s Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Wang Huaying
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The People’s Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Fan X, Zhang Q, Qin S, Ju S. CircBRIP1: a plasma diagnostic marker for non-small-cell lung cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:83. [PMID: 38329551 PMCID: PMC10853360 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05558-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNA), which has been demonstrated in studies to be abundantly prevalent in tumor cells and bodily fluids and to play a significant role in tumors, has the potential for biological markers to be used to assist tumor diagnosis. This study mainly discusses the potential of circBRIP1 as a biomarker for diagnosing non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS First, high-throughput sequencing screened the differentially expressed circBRIP1, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) verified its expression in NSCLC. Next, sanger sequencing, agarose gel electrophoresis, RNase R assay, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to verify its molecular characteristics. The diagnostic value was analyzed by the subject operating characteristic curve (ROC), and the cardinality test was analyzed for correlation with clinicopathological parameters. Finally, we tentatively predicted the downstream miRNA- or RNA-binding protein that may bind to circBRIP1. RESULTS CircBRIP1 is highly expressed in NSCLC tissues, cells and plasma with good specificity and stability. CircBRIP1 not only can well-distinguish NSCLC patients from benign pulmonary diseases (BPD) patients, healthy individuals and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients, but it also has some potential for dynamic monitoring. Combined with the analysis of clinicopathological data, the high level of circRNA expression was related to the degree of tumor differentiation, TNM stage, T stage, lymph node metastasis and distal metastasis in NSCLC patients. In addition, circBRIP1 has a high diagnostic value. CONCLUSIONS Plasma circBRIP1 is significantly overexpressed in NSCLC patients. It can be used as a sensitive biomarker with unique value for early diagnosis, tumor development and prognosis detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Fan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shiyi Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
- Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20, Xisi Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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12
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Lee SH, Brianna. Association of microRNA-21 expression with breast cancer subtypes and its potential as an early biomarker. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155073. [PMID: 38218039 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most diagnosed cancer worldwide in 2020 with high morbidity and mortality rates. The alarming increase in breast cancer incidence has sprung many researchers to focus on developing novel screening tests to identify early breast cancer which will allow clinicians to provide timely and effective treatments. With much evidence supporting the notion that the deregulation of miRNAs (a class of non-coding RNA) greatly contributes to cancer initiation and progression, the promising role of miRNAs as cancer biomarkers is gaining traction in the research world. Among the upregulated miRNAs identified in breast carcinogenesis, miR-21 was shown to be significantly expressed in breast cancer tissues and bodily fluids of breast cancer patients. Therein, this review paper aims to provide an overview of breast cancer, the role and significance of miR-21 in breast cancer pathogenesis, and its potential as a breast cancer biomarker. The paper also discusses the current types of tumor biomarkers and their limitations, the presence of miR-21 in extracellular vesicles and plasma, screening methods available for miRNA detection along with some challenges faced in developing diagnostic miR-21 testing for breast cancer to provide readers with a comprehensive outlook based on using miR-21 in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sau Har Lee
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia; Digital Health and Medical Advancements Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia.
| | - Brianna
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Sunway, Darul Ehsan, Selangor 47500, Malaysia
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13
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Hu W, Ge W, Xia P, Chen Y, Du J, Hu G, Wu Z, Zhang X, Yang C, Jiang J, Yang S, Xia J. Diagnostic Potential of Serum Glycome Analysis in Lung Cancer: A Glycopattern Study. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:500-509. [PMID: 38097511 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death, with high morbidity and mortality rates due to the lack of reliable methods for diagnosing lung cancer at an early stage. Low-dose computed tomography can help detect abnormal areas in the lungs, but only 16% of cases are diagnosed early. Tests for lung cancer markers are often employed to determine genetic expression or mutations in lung carcinogenesis. Serum glycome analysis is a promising new method for early lung cancer diagnosis as glycopatterns exhibit significant differences in lung cancer patients. In this study, we employed a solid-phase chemoenzymatic method to systematically compare glycopatterns in benign cases, adenocarcinoma before and after surgery, and advanced stages of adenocarcinoma. Our findings indicate that serum high-mannose levels are elevated in both benign cases and adenocarcinoma, while complex N-glycans, including fucose and 2,6-linked sialic acid, are downregulated in the serum. Subsequently, we developed an algorithm that utilizes 16 altered N-glycans, 7 upregulated and 9 downregulated, to generate a score based on their intensity. This score can predict the stages of cancer progression in patients through glycan characterization. This methodology offers a potential means of diagnosing lung cancer through serum glycome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Hu
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Peng Xia
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Jing Du
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Guangxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xumin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chuanlai Yang
- Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Junhong Jiang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
- Health Examination Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, China
| | - Jun Xia
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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Che R, Wang Q, Li M, Shen J, Ji J. Quantitative Proteomics of Tissue-Infiltrating T Cells From CRC Patients Identified Lipocalin-2 Induces T-Cell Apoptosis and Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation by Iron Efflux. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100691. [PMID: 38072118 PMCID: PMC10792491 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2023.100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
T cells play the most pivotal roles in antitumor immunity; the T-cell proteome and the differentially expressed proteins in the tumor immune microenvironment have rarely been identified directly from the clinical samples, especially for tumors that lack effective immunotherapy targets, such as colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we analyzed the protein expression pattern of the infiltrating T cells isolated from CRC patients using quantitative proteomics. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were isolated from clinical samples and labeled by tandem mass tag reagents, and the differentially expressed proteins were quantified by mass spectrometry. The T-cell proteome profiling revealed dysfunctions in these tumor-infiltrating T cells. Specifically, antitumor immunity was suppressed because of differentially expressed metal ion transporters and immunity regulators. For the first time, lipocalin-2 (LCN2) was shown to be significantly upregulated in CD4+ T cells. Quantitative proteomic analysis of LCN2-overexpressed Jurkat cells showed that LCN2 damaged T cells by changes in iron transport. LCN2 induced T-cell apoptosis by reducing cellular iron concentration; moreover, the iron that was transported to the tumor microenvironment aided tumor cell proliferation, promoting tumor development. Meanwhile, LCN2 also influenced tumor progression through immune cytokines and cholesterol metabolism. Our results demonstrated that LCN2 has immunosuppressive functions that can promote tumor development; therefore, it is a potential immunotherapy target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Che
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingsong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Minzhe Li
- General Surgery Department, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Shen
- General Surgery Department, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianguo Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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15
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Ba C, Jiang C, Wang H, Shi X, Jin J, Fang Q. Prognostic value of serum oncomarkers for patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2024; 18:17534666241250332. [PMID: 38757948 PMCID: PMC11102678 DOI: 10.1177/17534666241250332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different types of inflammatory processes and fibrosis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease (ILD), a heterogeneous, diffuse, parenchymal lung disease. Acute exacerbation (AE) of ILD is characterized by significant respiratory deterioration and is associated with high mortality rates. Several serum oncomarkers have been used to determine the prognosis of ILD; however, the prognostic value of serum oncomarker levels in patients with AE-ILD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of serum oncomarker levels in patients with AE-ILD and its main subtypes. DESIGN Retrospective study. METHODS The serum levels of 8 oncomarkers in 281 patients hospitalized with AE-ILD at our institution between 2017 and 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. The baseline characteristics and serum oncomarker levels were compared between the survival and non-survival groups of AE-ILD and its main subtypes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent prognosis-related markers, and the best prognostic predictor was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis. RESULT Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF; n = 65), idiopathic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (iNSIP; n = 26), and connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD; n = 161) were the three main subtypes of ILD. The in-hospital mortality rate among patients with AE-ILD was 21%. The serum oncomarker levels of most patients with AE-ILD and its main subtypes in the non-survival group were higher than those in the survival group. Multivariate analysis revealed that ferritin and cytokeratin 19 fragments (CYFRA21-1) were independent prognostic risk factors for patients hospitalized with AE-ILD or AE-CTD-ILD. CYFRA21-1 was identified as an independent prognostic risk factor for patients hospitalized with AE-IPF or AE-iNSIP. CONCLUSION CYFRA21-1 may be a viable biomarker for predicting the prognosis of patients with AE-ILD, regardless of the underlying subtype of ILD. Ferritin has a prognostic value in patients with AE-ILD or AE-CTD-ILD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuirong Ba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, China
| | - Chunguo Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuhua Shi
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawei Jin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Clinical Research Center, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital Jingxi Branch, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine and Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, Gongren Tiyuchang South Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100020, China
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16
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Das S, Dey MK, Devireddy R, Gartia MR. Biomarkers in Cancer Detection, Diagnosis, and Prognosis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 24:37. [PMID: 38202898 PMCID: PMC10780704 DOI: 10.3390/s24010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers are vital in healthcare as they provide valuable insights into disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response, and personalized medicine. They serve as objective indicators, enabling early detection and intervention, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced costs. Biomarkers also guide treatment decisions by predicting disease outcomes and facilitating individualized treatment plans. They play a role in monitoring disease progression, adjusting treatments, and detecting early signs of recurrence. Furthermore, biomarkers enhance drug development and clinical trials by identifying suitable patients and accelerating the approval process. In this review paper, we described a variety of biomarkers applicable for cancer detection and diagnosis, such as imaging-based diagnosis (CT, SPECT, MRI, and PET), blood-based biomarkers (proteins, genes, mRNA, and peptides), cell imaging-based diagnosis (needle biopsy and CTC), tissue imaging-based diagnosis (IHC), and genetic-based biomarkers (RNAseq, scRNAseq, and spatial transcriptomics).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (S.D.); (M.K.D.); (R.D.)
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Wang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Xu X, Shen T, Pan H, Chang D. MXenes-Au NPs modified electrochemical biosensor for multiple exosome surface proteins analysis. Talanta 2023; 265:124848. [PMID: 37352782 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
As a novel class of non-invasive biomarkers, exosome-carried proteins are essential in early detection and precise cancer diagnosis. In the study, we developed an electrochemical biosensor based on MXenes-Au NPs modification to assess the differential expression of EGFR, CEA, and EpCAM proteins of exosomes. This sensor has sensitively detected tumor biomarkers in the exosomes generated by various tumor cells (including A549, MCF-7, PC-3, and HeLa). Building a biosensor that can distinguish minute differences of proteins in various derived-from exosomes is crucial for addressing the issues with early and accurate cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangmin Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Yingcong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Tong Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China
| | - Hongzhi Pan
- Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201399, China.
| | - Dong Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Pudong Hospital, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, 201399, China.
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Nozawa H, Yokota Y, Emoto S, Yokoyama Y, Sasaki K, Murono K, Abe S, Sonoda H, Shinagawa T, Ishihara S. Unexplained increases in serum carcinoembryonic antigen levels in colorectal cancer patients during the postoperative follow-up period: an analysis of its incidence and longitudinal pattern. Ann Med 2023; 55:2246997. [PMID: 37963211 PMCID: PMC10898814 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2246997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monitoring facilitates the detection of recurrence in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) after resection. False-positive CEA has been reported in CRC patients with certain comorbidities or smokers. However, limited information is currently available on the frequency of and changes in falsely elevated CEA levels in patients without these conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively examined CRC patients who underwent surgical resection at our hospital between 2001 and 2017, had no recurrence for at least five years, and were free of known factors that may increase CEA. Postoperative CEA levels were retrieved until 2 years before the last contact. For comparison, we similarly selected patients who developed recurrence after resection of CRC during the same period, and CEA levels at initial presentation, at nadir, and at the time of recurrence were reviewed. The patterns of elevated CEA (>5 ng/ml) were classified as transient, repeated, or persistent based on longitudinal changes. The relationships between CEA and carbohydrate antigen 19-9, transaminases, creatinine, and C-reactive protein were examined. RESULTS CEA elevation occurred in 90 (20%) out of 446 eligible patients without recurrence at least once during the mean postoperative period of 50.5 months, whereas CEA was >5 ng/ml in 117 (53%) of 221 patients when they developed recurrence. Twenty-seven patients without recurrence showed a transient elevation in CEA, 45 repeated elevations, and 18 a persistent elevation; the frequency of a high preoperative CEA level increased in this order. The majority (98%) of false elevations ranged between 5 and 15 ng/ml. CEA was not associated with other laboratory data. CONCLUSIONS Unexplained CEA elevations were observed in 20% of recurrence-free CRC patients after surgery, and were classified into three patterns based on longitudinal changes. A more detailed understanding of patient-specific fluctuations in CEA will prevent unnecessary imaging studies and reduce medical costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Nozawa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumi Yokota
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Emoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Yokoyama
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Sasaki
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Murono
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Abe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sonoda
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Soichiro Ishihara
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Moar K, Pant A, Saini V, Pandey M, Maurya PK. Potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for breast cancer: A compiled review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154893. [PMID: 37918101 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the major reason for death of women worldwide. As per the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) statistics, the number of cases of breast cancer is increasing year by year in many parts of the world. As per the recent global cancer burden figures, in 2020, there were 2.26 million incidences of breast cancer cases and it is one of the main causes of mortality due to cancer in women in the world. Biomarkers of breast cancer would prove to be very beneficial to screen women who are at higher risk and for detection of disease recurrence. Here, studies carried out on biomarkers of breast cancer and susceptibility to the disease have been reviewed. Various databases like Google Scholar, ScienceDirect and PubMed have been used for searching and majorly literature from the last 10 years have been considered. Potential biomarkers of breast cancer including blood based angiogenic factors, glycoprotein-based biomarkers, hormone receptor biomarkers and other biomarkers that were identified from various studies have been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareena Moar
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Anuja Pant
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Vikas Saini
- Department of Vocational Studies & Skill Development, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Manisha Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh 123031, India.
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Kwak JW, Lee YJ, Park B, Jung DH. Combined effect of serum carcinoembryonic antigen and hepatic steatosis on new-onset ischemic heart disease among middle-aged and older Korean adults: a cohort study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1275450. [PMID: 37904789 PMCID: PMC10613517 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1275450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a commonly used tumor marker in cancer screening. However, it has also been associated with metabolic alterations. Hepatic steatosis, the accumulation of fat in liver cells, is associated with various cardiovascular risk factors. This study investigated the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in individuals with elevated CEA levels, hepatic steatosis, and their co-occurrence. Methods The study cohort comprised 5,580 Korean adults who underwent health examinations between November 2006 and June 2010. Data regarding baseline CEA levels, hepatic steatosis status, and development of IHD were collected. Hepatic steatosis was defined as more than two findings: deep attenuation, vascular blurring, and increased liver echogenicity on abdominal ultrasound. Participants were divided into four groups based on their CEA and hepatic steatosis status: no hepatic steatosis and low CEA (group 1), no hepatic steatosis and elevated CEA (group 2), low CEA and hepatic steatosis (group 3), and elevated CEA and hepatic steatosis (group 4). Results A total of 226 (4.1%) participants developed IHD during the follow-up period. Participants with elevated CEA levels and hepatic steatosis (group 4) had the highest cumulative incidence of IHD in comparison to other groups (p < 0.001). The combined effect of elevated CEA levels and hepatic steatosis showed significantly greater area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than hepatic steatosis alone (p < 0.001). Furthermore, participants with elevated CEA and hepatic steatosis (group 4) had higher risk of developing IHD compared to those with low CEA and no hepatic steatosis (group 1) (hazard ratio: 1.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-2.55, p = 0.034). Conclusion Co-occurrence of elevated CEA levels and hepatic steatosis increases the risk of IHD. Comprehensive risk assessment is crucial to guide interventions and improve cardiovascular health in individuals with both the conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Byoungjin Park
- Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyuk Jung
- Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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21
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Cao H, Zhu L, Li L, Wang W, Niu X. Serum CA724 has no diagnostic value for gastrointestinal tumors. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:2433-2442. [PMID: 36920593 PMCID: PMC10543537 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01025-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the predictive values of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA) 199, CA125 and CA724 in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal tumors. METHODS Among patients treated for gastrointestinal tumors at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College between December 2020 and March 2022, 572 patients were reviewed as the tumor group, and 700 healthy subjects from the physical examination center of the same hospital were reviewed as the control group. We evaluated the correlation between serum CEA, CA199, CA125, CA724 levels and pathological features in 572 patients with gastrointestinal tumors.The levels of serum CEA, CA199, CA125 and CA724 were compared between the two groups, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of these markers alone and in combination. RESULTS Serum CEA level was correlated with tumor stage and metastasis, and CA199 was correlated with tumor stage, lymph node involvement and metastasis. CA125 and CA724 have no correlation with tumor pathological features. The levels of serum CEA, CA199 and CA125 were significantly increased in the tumor group compared with the control group, while serum CA724 levels did not significantly differ between groups (p > 0.05). In addition, in patients with gastric cancer (GC), esophageal cancer (EC), pancreatic cancer (PC), gallbladder cancer (GBC) or colorectal cancer (CRC), the serum CEA, CA199 and CA125 levels were significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). However, serum CA724 levels were increased only in CRC patients (p < 0.05). ROC curve evaluation results showed that while CA199, CA125 and CA724 alone had poor diagnostic efficacy in the tumor group, CEA was better. Specifically, CEA had better diagnostic efficacy in GC, PC, GBC and CRC; additionally, CA199 and CA125 had better diagnostic efficacy in PC. However, CA724 showed no diagnostic value in the tumor group and the single gastrointestinal tumor group. For diagnosis with multiple-marker combinations, CEA + CA199 + CA125 had the best diagnostic performance (AUC = 0.776, AUC = 0.650, AUC = 0.896, AUC = 0.840, AUC = 0.793) in the GC, EC, PC, GBC and CRC groups, and the sensitivity of multiple-marker combined detection was better than that of single-marker detection. CONCLUSIONS Serum CA724 has no diagnostic value for gastrointestinal tumors, and it cannot evaluate the pathological status of tumors. Serum CEA has excellent diagnostic efficacy in GC, PC, GBC and CRC, and its expression level is related to tumor stage and metastasis. Additionally, CA199 and CA125 have good diagnostic efficacy in PC. Among them, CA199 level was related to tumor stage, lymph node involvement and metastasis, and CA125 level was not related to pathological status. In addition, the multiple-marker combination CEA + CA199 + CA125 has the best diagnostic efficacy in GC, EC, PC, GBC and CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiru Cao
- Laboratory of Digestion, Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuming Zhu
- Laboratory of Digestion, Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241000, AnhuiProvince, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241000, AnhuiProvince, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, No. 2, Zheshan Road, Wuhu, 241000, AnhuiProvince, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Xia Q, Cheng W, Bi J, Ren AP, Chen X, Li T. Value of biplane transrectal ultrasonography plus micro-flow imaging in preoperative T staging and rectal cancer diagnosis in combination with CEA/CA199 and MRI. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:860. [PMID: 37700269 PMCID: PMC10496222 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11370-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors and has a high incidence rate and fatality rate. Accurate preoperative T staging of rectal cancer is critical for the selection of appropriate rectal cancer treatment. Various pre-operative imaging methods are available, and the identification of the most accurate method for clinical use is essential for patient care. We investigated the value of biplane transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) combined with MFI in preoperative staging of rectal cancer and explored the value of combining TRUS plus MFI with CEA/CA199 and MRI. METHODS A total of 87 patients from Daping Hospital with rectal cancer who underwent TRUS examination plus MFI were included. Grades of MFI were determined by Alder classification. Among the total patients, 64 underwent MRI and serum CEA/CA199 tests additionally within one week of TRUS. Pathological results were used as the gold standard for cancer staging. Concordance rates between TRUS, MRI, and CEA/CA199 for tumors at different stages were compared. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the Alder classification and pathological T staging. The concordance rate of TRUS and MFI for rectal cancer T staging was 72.4% (K = 0.615, p < 0.001). Serum CEA and CA199 levels were significantly different in tumors at different stages and increased progressively by pathological stage (p < 0.001); the accuracy rate was 71.88% (K = 0.599, p < 0.001), while that of MRI was 51.56% (K = 0.303, p < 0.001), indicating that TRUS had higher consistency in the preoperative T staging of rectal cancer. The combination of TRUS, MRI, and CEA/CA199 yielded an accuracy rate of 90.6%, which was higher than that of any method alone. CONCLUSIONS Preoperative T staging of rectal cancer from biplane TRUS plus MFI was highly consistent with postoperative pathological T staging. TRUS combined with MRI and serum CEA/CA199 had a greater value in the diagnosis of rectal cancer and a higher diagnostic rate than any examination alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xia
- Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Jie Bi
- Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - An-Ping Ren
- Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400000, China.
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Su Q, Wang X, Zhu R, Liu C, Sun S. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduces the levels of HMGB1 and E-cadherin in patients with breast cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:14791. [PMID: 37684327 PMCID: PMC10491604 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the changes in serum tumor marker levels in patients with breast cancer (BC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) and their potential as prognostic factors in NACT. A total of 134 consecutive patients with BC treated at our hospital between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were treated with NACT based on the docetaxel, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (TEC) regimen and assessed for marker levels, T cell subsets, and therapeutic outcomes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed to evaluate the predictive performance of the markers. Outcome assessments showed that NACT effectively reduced the tumor size, leading to increased complete remission, partial remission, stable disease, and significantly reduced disease progression. Improved immune function has also been observed after NACT. The levels of two (E-cadherin and HMGB1) out of five markers (CA153, CK19, CEA, E-cadherin, and HMGB1) were significantly reduced after NACT before surgery compared with those at admission, suggesting that NACT modulates the levels of biomarkers. ROC analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) of HMGB1 and E-cadherin combination was 0.87 for discrimination of therapeutic response with a sensitivity and specificity of 91.3% and 88.4%, respectively. Serum tumor marker levels were reduced after NACT in patients with BC. The reduction was most prominent for HMGB1, followed by E-cadherin. These biomarkers can be used to predict the therapeutic response to NACT with an AUC of 0.87, thus offering a new tool to monitor treatment progress in NACT for patients with BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingchang Su
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchangxi Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchangxi Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rongchen Zhu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchangxi Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cuicui Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchangxi Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shanping Sun
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Liaocheng People's Hospital, 67 Dongchangxi Road, Liaocheng, 252000, Shandong Province, China.
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24
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Wang R, Zuo CL, Zhang R, Zhu LM. Carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 199 and carbohydrate antigen 724 in gastric cancer and their relationship with clinical prognosis. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2023; 15:1475-1485. [PMID: 37663935 PMCID: PMC10473936 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v15.i8.1475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system with a high degree of malignancy. It usually develops insidiously without any specific symptoms in the early stages. As one of the diseases caused by abnormal gene changes, GC has abnormal expression of various oncogenes and products during its development. Tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 724 (CA724) are not expressed or lowly expressed in normal people, but significantly increased after carcinogenesis. Monitoring the changes in the levels of tumor markers such as CEA, CA199 and CA724 is conducive to early diagnosis and evaluation of the occurrence of some solid tumors. AIM To investigate the expression of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in GC and their correlation with clinical features, hoping to provide more effective markers for the early preventive diagnosis of GC. METHODS Of 87 patients with GC admitted to our hospital from September 2020 to December 2021 were included in the GC group, and another 80 healthy people who came to our hospital for physical examination with normal results during the same period were selected as the control group. The serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 levels were compared between the two groups, and the serum CEA, CA199, and CA724 levels were compared in patients with GC at different TNM stages, and the differences in the positive rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724 alone and in combination in detecting TNM stages of GC and GC were compared. In addition, the relationship between the levels of tumor markers CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the clinicopathological characteristics of GC patients was also analyzed. The relationship between the serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 and the survival period of GC patients was analyzed by Pearson. RESULTS The serum levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 in GC group were significantly higher than those in control group (P < 0.05). With the increase of TNM stage, the serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 expression levels in GC patients increased significantly, and the differences between groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The positive rate of the CA724 single test was higher than that of CEA and CA199 single test (P < 0.05). The positive rate of the three combined tests was 95.40% (83/87), which was higher than that of CEA, CA199 and CA724 single tests. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The combined detection positive rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724 in stages I, II, III, and IV of GC were 89.66%, 93.10%, 98.85%, and 100.00% respectively, all of which were higher than the individual detection rates of CEA, CA199, and CA724. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 levels between GC patients with different genders, smoking history and alcohol history (P > 0.05). However, the serum CEA, CA199 and CA724 levels were significantly higher in GC patients aged ≥ 45 years, TNM stage III-IV, with lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter ≥ 5 cm than in GC patients aged < 45 years, TNM stage I-II, without lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter < 5 cm (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The expression levels of serum tumor markers CEA, CA199 and CA724 in patients with GC are high and rise with the increase of TNM stage. The levels of CEA, CA199 and CA724 are related to age, TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and tumor diameter. The combined detection of CEA, CA199 and CA724 is helpful to improve the diagnostic accuracy of GC with high clinical guidance value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chun-Lei Zuo
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Li-Mei Zhu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The First People’s Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang 222002, Jiangsu Province, China
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Hu Y, Lu X, Shen L, Dong J, Liang Z, Xie J, Peng T, Yu X, Dai X. Difunctional Magnetic Nanoparticles Employed in Immunochromatographic Assay for Rapid and Quantitative Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12562. [PMID: 37628743 PMCID: PMC10454329 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunochromatographic assay (ICA) plays an important role in in vitro diagnostics because of its simpleness, convenience, fastness, sensitivity, accuracy, and low cost. The employment of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), possessing both excellent optical properties and magnetic separation functions, can effectively promote the performances of ICA. In this study, an ICA based on MNPs (MNP-ICA) has been successfully developed for the sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The magnetic probes were prepared by covalently conjugating carboxylated MNPs with the specific monoclonal antibody against CEA, which were not only employed to enrich and extract CEA from serum samples under an external magnetic field but also used as a signal output with its inherent optical property. Under the optimal parameters, the limit of detection (LOD) for qualitative detection with naked eyes was 1.0 ng/mL, and the quantitative detection could be realized with the help of a portable optical reader, indicating that the ratio of optical signal intensity correlated well with CEA concentration ranging from 1.0 ng/mL to 64.0 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9997). Additionally, method comparison demonstrated that the magnetic probes were beneficial for sensitivity improvement due to the matrix effect reduction after magnetic separation, and the MNP-ICA is eight times higher sensitive than ICA based on colloidal gold nanoparticles. The developed MNP-ICA will provide sensitive, convenient, and efficient technical support for biomarkers rapid screening in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalin Hu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Y.H.); (L.S.); (J.D.); (X.Y.)
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Xin Lu
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Liyue Shen
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Y.H.); (L.S.); (J.D.); (X.Y.)
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Jiahui Dong
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Y.H.); (L.S.); (J.D.); (X.Y.)
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Zhanwei Liang
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Jie Xie
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Tao Peng
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Y.H.); (L.S.); (J.D.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xinhua Dai
- Technology Innovation Center of Mass Spectrometry for State Market Regulation, Center for Advanced Measurement Science, National Institute of Metrology, Beijing 100029, China; (X.L.); (Z.L.); (J.X.)
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Luan Y, Zhong G, Li S, Wu W, Liu X, Zhu D, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Duan C, Mao M. A panel of seven protein tumour markers for effective and affordable multi-cancer early detection by artificial intelligence: a large-scale and multicentre case-control study. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 61:102041. [PMID: 37387788 PMCID: PMC10300313 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Early detection of cancer aims to reduce cancer deaths. Unfortunately, many established cancer screening technologies are not suitable for use in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) due to cost, complexity, and dependency on extensive medical infrastructure. We aimed to assess the performance and robustness of a protein assay (OncoSeek) for multi-cancer early detection (MCED) that is likely to be more practical in LMICs. Methods This observational study comprises a retrospective analysis on the data generated from the routine clinical testings at SeekIn and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. 7565 participants (954 with cancer and 6611 without) from the two sites were divided into training and independent validation cohort. The second validation cohort (1005 with cancer and 812 without) was from Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Patients with cancer prior to therapy were eligible for inclusion in the study. Individuals with no history of cancer were enrolled from the participating sites as the non-cancer group. One tube of peripheral blood was collected from each participant and quantified a panel of seven selected protein tumour markers (PTMs) by a common clinical electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyser. An algorithm named OncoSeek was established using artificial intelligence (AI) to distinguish patients with cancer from those without cancer by calculating the probability of cancer (POC) index based on the quantification results of the seven PTMs and clinical information including sex and age of the individuals and to predict the possible affected tissue of origin (TOO) for those who have been detected with cancer signals in blood. Findings Between November 2012 and May 2022, 7565 participants were enrolled at SeekIn and Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. The conventional clinical method, which relies only on a single threshold for each PTM, would suffer from a high false positive rate that accumulates as the number of markers increased. OncoSeek was empowered by AI technology to significantly reduce the false positive rate, increasing the specificity from 56.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 55.8-58.0) to 92.9% (92.3-93.5). In all cancer types, the overall sensitivity of OncoSeek was 51.7% (49.4-53.9), resulting in 84.3% (83.5-85.0) accuracy. The performance was generally consistent in the training and the two validation cohorts. The sensitivities ranged from 37.1% to 77.6% for the detection of the nine common cancer types (breast, colorectum, liver, lung, lymphoma, oesophagus, ovary, pancreas, and stomach), which account for ∼59.2% of global cancer deaths annually. Furthermore, it has shown excellent sensitivity in several high-mortality cancer types for which routine screening tests are lacking in the clinic, such as the sensitivity of pancreatic cancer which was 77.6% (69.3-84.6). The overall accuracy of TOO prediction in the true positives was 66.8%, which could assist the clinical diagnostic workup. Interpretation OncoSeek significantly outperforms the conventional clinical method, representing a novel blood-based test for MCED which is non-invasive, easy, efficient, and robust. Moreover, the accuracy of TOO facilitates the follow-up diagnostic workup. Funding The National Key Research and Development Programme of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Guolin Zhong
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Clinical Laboratories, Shenyou Bio, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Yumin Feng
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yixia Zhang
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Chaohui Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Mao Mao
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
- Yonsei Song-Dang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
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Silva MLS. Capitalizing glycomic changes for improved biomarker-based cancer diagnostics. EXPLORATION OF TARGETED ANTI-TUMOR THERAPY 2023; 4:366-395. [PMID: 37455827 PMCID: PMC10344901 DOI: 10.37349/etat.2023.00140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer serum biomarkers are valuable or even indispensable for cancer diagnostics and/or monitoring and, currently, many cancer serum markers are routinely used in the clinic. Most of those markers are glycoproteins, carrying cancer-specific glycan structures that can provide extra-information for cancer monitoring. Nonetheless, in the majority of cases, this differential feature is not exploited and the corresponding analytical assays detect only the protein amount, disregarding the analysis of the aberrant glycoform. Two exceptions to this trend are the biomarkers α-fetoprotein (AFP) and cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), which are clinically monitored for their cancer-related glycan changes, and only the AFP assay includes quantification of both the protein amount and the altered glycoform. This narrative review demonstrates, through several examples, the advantages of the combined quantification of protein cancer biomarkers and the respective glycoform analysis, which enable to yield the maximum information and overcome the weaknesses of each individual analysis. This strategy allows to achieve higher sensitivity and specificity in the detection of cancer, enhancing the diagnostic power of biomarker-based cancer detection tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Luísa S. Silva
- Unidade de Aprendizagem ao Longo da Vida, Universidade Aberta, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal
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Wang D, Zhao P, Lu T, Ren J, Zhu L, Han X, Zhang G, Dong X, Ma H, Yu M, Cai H. ctDNA as a prognostic biomarker in resectable CLM: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220615. [PMID: 37250841 PMCID: PMC10224622 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is synthesized by tumor cells, including metastatic tumors, and circulates in the bloodstream. Evidence suggests that ctDNA is a potential predictive and prognostic biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC), but its predictive efficacy in detecting CRC liver metastasis (CLM) remains unclear. Additionally, its utility in the clinical setting needs further investigation. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the utility of ctDNA as a biomarker for predicting the prognosis of CLM and investigate the relationship between CLM and ctDNA positivity. A literature search was performed in electronic databases to identify relevant studies published up to March 19, 2022. We retrieved data on overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and recurrence-free survival (RFS) for both ctDNA-positive and ctDNA-negative colorectal liver metastasis (CLM) patients from the selected articles. Hazard ratios (HRs) were also calculated for these survival outcomes analysis was also performed. The stability of the combined meta-analysis was verified by sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation. Ten trials were included, and 615 patients were evaluated. In patients with CLM, pooled HRs revealed a substantial link between ctDNA positivity and RFS/DFS. Subgroup analysis revealed that ctDNA had a prospective detection value. Sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation indicated stable results. Although the results on pooled HR for OS suggested that ctDNA-positive patients had a shorter survival time, their pooled HRs had a relatively evident heterogeneity, and sensitivity analysis and publication bias evaluation indicated that pooled HRs were extremely unstable. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ctDNA appears to be a prognostic biomarker for resectable CLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wang
- School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Penglai Zhao
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Tingting Lu
- Institution of Clinical Research and Evidence Based Medicine, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jingyao Ren
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ning Xia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, 750004, China
| | - Lihui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ning Xia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, 750004, China
| | - Xiaoyong Han
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- School of Clinical Medicine Ning Xia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ning Xia, 750004, China
| | - Guangming Zhang
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The First Clinical Medical College, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaohua Dong
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- First Clinical College of Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Haizhong Ma
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Miao Yu
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui Cai
- School of Medicine Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212000, China
- General Surgery Clinical Medical Center, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Medicine for Surgical Oncology in Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Pawluczuk E, Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Mroczko B. The Comprehensive Analysis of Specific Proteins as Novel Biomarkers Involved in the Diagnosis and Progression of Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108833. [PMID: 37240178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) cases are predicted to rise by 2040 to approximately 1.8 million cases, while GC-caused deaths to 1.3 million yearly worldwide. To change this prognosis, there is a need to improve the diagnosis of GC patients because this deadly malignancy is usually detected at an advanced stage. Therefore, new biomarkers of early GC are sorely needed. In the present paper, we summarized and referred to a number of original pieces of research concerning the clinical significance of specific proteins as potential biomarkers for GC in comparison to well-established tumor markers for this malignancy. It has been proved that selected chemokines and their specific receptors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), specific proteins such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs), a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS), as well as DNA- and RNA-based biomarkers, and c-MET (tyrosine-protein kinase Met) play a role in the pathogenesis of GC. Based on the recent scientific literature, our review indicates that presented specific proteins are potential biomarkers in the diagnosis and progression of GC as well as might be used as prognostic factors of GC patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Pawluczuk
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15a, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Geka G, Kanioura A, Likodimos V, Gardelis S, Papanikolaou N, Kakabakos S, Petrou P. SERS Immunosensors for Cancer Markers Detection. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:3733. [PMID: 37241360 PMCID: PMC10221005 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and monitoring are essential for the effective treatment and survival of patients with different types of malignancy. To this end, the accurate and sensitive determination of substances in human biological fluids related to cancer diagnosis and/or prognosis, i.e., cancer biomarkers, is of ultimate importance. Advancements in the field of immunodetection and nanomaterials have enabled the application of new transduction approaches for the sensitive detection of single or multiple cancer biomarkers in biological fluids. Immunosensors based on surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are examples where the special properties of nanostructured materials and immunoreagents are combined to develop analytical tools that hold promise for point-of-care applications. In this frame, the subject of this review article is to present the advancements made so far regarding the immunochemical determination of cancer biomarkers by SERS. Thus, after a short introduction about the principles of both immunoassays and SERS, an extended presentation of up-to-date works regarding both single and multi-analyte determination of cancer biomarkers is presented. Finally, future perspectives on the field of SERS immunosensors for cancer markers detection are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Geka
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Anastasia Kanioura
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Vlassis Likodimos
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Spiros Gardelis
- Section of Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, University Campus, 15784 Athens, Greece; (V.L.); (S.G.)
| | - Nikolaos Papanikolaou
- Institute of Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece;
| | - Sotirios Kakabakos
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Panagiota Petrou
- Immunoassays/Immunosensors Lab, Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, NCSR “Demokritos”, 15341 Aghia Paraskevi, Greece; (G.G.); (A.K.); (S.K.)
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Raza A, Mohsen R, Kanbour A, Zar Gul AR, Philip A, Vijayakumar S, Hydrose S, Prabhu KS, Al-Suwaidi AK, Inchakalody VP, Merhi M, Abo El-Ella DM, Tauro MA, Akbar S, Al-Bozom I, Abualainin W, Al-Abdulla R, Sirriya SA, Hassnad S, Uddin S, Mohamed Ibrahim MI, Al Homsi U, Demime S. Serum immune mediators as novel predictors of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients with high tissue-PD-L1 expression. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1157100. [PMID: 37256148 PMCID: PMC10225547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1157100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) including anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies, have significantly changed the treatment outcomes with better overall survival, but only 15-40% of the patients respond to ICIs therapy. The search for predictive biomarkers of responses is warranted for better clinical outcomes. We aim here to identify pre-treatment soluble immune molecules as surrogate biomarkers for tissue PD-L1 (TPD-L1) status and as predictors of response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in NSCLC patients. Sera from 31 metastatic NSCLC patients, eligible for anti-PD-1/PD-L1 or combined chemoimmunotherapy, were collected prior to treatment. Analysis of soluble biomarkers with TPD-L1 status showed significant up/down regulation of the immune inhibitory checkpoint markers (sSiglec7, sSiglec9, sULBP4 and sPD-L2) in patients with higher TPD-L1 (TPD-L1 >50%) expression. Moreover, correlation analysis showed significant positive linear correlation of soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) with higher TPD-L1 expression. Interestingly, only responders in the TPD-L1 >50% group showed significant down regulation of the immune inhibitory markers (sPD-L2, sTIMD4, sNectin2 and CEA). When responders vs. non-responders were compared, significant down regulation of other immune inhibitory biomarkers (sCD80, sTIMD4 and CEA) was recorded only in responding patients. In this, the optimal cut-off values of CD80 <91.7 pg/ml and CEA <1614 pg/ml were found to be significantly associated with better progression free survival (PFS). Indeed, multivariate analysis identified the cutoff-value of CEA <1614 pg/ml as an independent predictor of response in our patients. We identified here novel immune inhibitory/stimulatory soluble mediators as potential surrogate/predictive biomarkers for TPD-L1 status, treatment response and PFS in NSCLC patients treated with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Raza
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Reyad Mohsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aladdin Kanbour
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdul Rehman Zar Gul
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anite Philip
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suma Vijayakumar
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shereena Hydrose
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Kirti S. Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute (TRI), Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Aisha Khamis Al-Suwaidi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Varghese Philipose Inchakalody
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dina M. Abo El-Ella
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Shayista Akbar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Issam Al-Bozom
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Wafa Abualainin
- Diagnostic Genomic Division , Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rajaa Al-Abdulla
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shaza Abu Sirriya
- Diagnostic Genomic Division , Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Suparna Hassnad
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute and Dermatology Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad, Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim
- Clinical Pharmacy and Practice Department, College of Pharmacy, Qatar University (QU) Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ussama Al Homsi
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Said Demime
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar
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Hu Y, Zhu Y, Nie W, Shi J, Wei X, Tang C, Zhang W. Thioredoxin reductase as a novel biomarker for the diagnosis and efficacy prediction of gastrointestinal malignancy: a large-scale, retrospective study. Int J Clin Oncol 2023:10.1007/s10147-023-02350-w. [PMID: 37142881 DOI: 10.1007/s10147-023-02350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our aim was to investigate the rationality and accuracy of plasma TrxR activity as an efficient tool in the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy, and whether TrxR can be used to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of gastrointestinal malignancy. METHODS We enrolled a total of 5091 cases, including 3736 cases in gastrointestinal malignancy, 964 in benign diseases, and 391 cases in healthy controls. We also performed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate diagnostic efficiency of TrxR. Finally, we detected pre- and post-treatment level of TrxR and common tumor markers. RESULTS The plasma TrxR level in patients with gastrointestinal malignancy [8.4 (6.9, 9.7) U/mL] was higher than that in patients with benign disease [5.8 (4.6, 6.9) U/mL] and healthy control [3.5 (1.4, 5.4) U/mL]. Plasma TrxR showed a significant diagnostic advantage with an AUC of 0.897, compared with conventional tumor markers. In addition, the combination of TrxR and conventional tumor markers can further improve the diagnostic efficiency. We derived the optimal cut-off value of plasma TrxR as a diagnostic marker of gastrointestinal malignancy according to Youden index of 6.15 U/mL. After measuring the change trend of TrxR activity and conventional tumor markers before and after anti-tumor treatments, we found that their change trend was generally consistent, and the plasma TrxR activity was significantly decreased in patients treated with chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings recommend that plasma TrxR activity could be monitored as an efficient tool for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal malignancy and as a feasible tool to evaluate the therapeutic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Yinxing Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223300, China
| | - Weiwei Nie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Xiaowei Wei
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China
| | - Cuiju Tang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 68 Changle Road, Nanjing, 210006, China.
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Li Y, Hu S, Chen C, Alifu N, Zhang X, Du J, Li C, Xu L, Wang L, Dong B. Opal photonic crystal-enhanced upconversion turn-off fluorescent immunoassay for salivary CEA with oral cancer. Talanta 2023; 258:124435. [PMID: 36940576 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
The point-of-care test of tumor markers in saliva with high specificity and sensitivity for early diagnosis of oral cancer is of great interest and significance, but remaining a daunting challenge due to the low concentration of such biomarkers in oral fluid. Herein, a turn-off biosensor based on opal photonic crystal (OPC) enhanced upconversion fluorescence is proposed to detect the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in saliva by applying fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensing strategy. Hydrophilic PEI ligands are modified on upconversion nanoparticles to enhance the sensitivity of biosensor by promoting sufficient contact between saliva and detection region. As a substrate for the biosensor, OPC can also provide a local-field effect for greatly enhanced upconversion fluorescence by coupling the stop band and excitation light, and a 66-fold amplification of the upconversion fluorescence signal was obtained. For the CEA detection in spiked saliva, such sensors showed a favorable linear relationship at 0.1-2.5 ng mL-1 and more than 2.5 ng mL-1, respectively. The limit of detection was down to 0.1 ng mL-1. Moreover, by monitoring real saliva, the effective discrepancy between patients and healthy people was confirmed, indicating remarkable practical application value in clinical early diagnosis and home-based self-monitoring of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yige Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Songtao Hu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Cong Chen
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Nuernisha Alifu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Xueliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia School of Medical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Juanrui Du
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Biao Dong
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Gao C, Fan Z, Yang J, Shi M, Li Y, Zhan H. Diagnostic role and prognostic value of tumor markers in high-grade gastro-enteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Pancreatology 2023; 23:204-212. [PMID: 36710224 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2023.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES High-grade gastro-enteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors of two different types: well differentiated neuroendocrine tumors grade 3 (NETs G3) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). This study aimed to explore the value of eight common preoperative markers in differentiating NETs G3 from NECs and the prognosis prediction of high-grade GEP-NENs. METHODS Seventy-two patients diagnosed with high-grade GEP-NENs who underwent surgery at our institution were recruited for this study. Demographic and clinicopathological characteristics, preoperative serum tumor markers, and survival data were collected and analyzed. Kaplan-Meier methods were used to analyze survival rates, and a Cox regression model was used to perform multivariate analyses. RESULTS Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was dramatically higher in NECs than in NETs G3 (P = 0.025). After follow-up, 57 of the 72 patients remained for survival analysis. Elevated serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), CEA, cancer antigen 125 and sialic acid (SA) levels indicated poorer survival of high-grade GEP-NEN patients. Only CA19-9 (HR: 6.901, 95% CI: 1.843 to 25.837, P = 0.004) was regarded as an independent risk factor for overall survival. Serum CA19-9 (HR: 4.689, 95% CI: 1.127 to 19.506, P = 0.034) was also regarded as an independent factor for overall survival in NECs. CONCLUSIONS Serum CEA levels can be used to distinguish NETs G3 from NECs. Preoperative CA19-9, CEA, cancer antigen 125 and SA levels have predictive value in the prognosis of high-grade GEP-NENs. Preoperative CA19-9, neuron-specific enolase, and SA levels can predict the prognosis of NECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhao Gao
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhiyao Fan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ming Shi
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yongzheng Li
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Qing X, Yuan C, Wang K. Characterization of protein-based risk signature to predict prognosis and evaluate the tumor immune environment in breast cancer. Breast Cancer 2023; 30:424-435. [PMID: 36732487 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-023-01435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proteomics profiles have enabled a systematic insight into the prognosis of cancer. This study aimed to establish a valuable protein-based risk signature to assess the prognosis and immune status in patients with breast cancer (BC). METHODS Protein expression profile, RNA expression data, and clinical information were acquired from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The whole cohort was randomly split into two cohorts, one for establishing the risk signature and the other for testing. Univariate Cox analysis and Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox regression were utilized to construct the protein-based risk signature. All cohorts were divided into high- and low-risk groups, which were applied to investigate the clinical relevance, tumor microenvironment, and therapeutic response. RESULTS The prognostic proteomics signature was established based on prognostic proteins, thus categorizing patients into low-risk and high-risk groups with different prognoses. A predictive nomogram was also developed to predict 1, 3, and 5-year survival possibility for BC patients, and the calibration curves confirmed the predictive significance of this signature. Afterward, the low-risk group displayed higher immune activities, immune checkpoint expression, and immunotherapeutic response. Moreover, GSEA analysis indicated that immune-associated pathways were rich in the low-risk group. Additionally, this prognostic signature demonstrated potential predict significance for chemotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION This study established an effective prognostic proteomics signature with reliable predictive performance for survival, immune activity, and drug sensitivity. It might provide a novel perspective into the protein function in BC, and guide the individual treatment strategies for BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China
- Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunlei Yuan
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China.
| | - Ke Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, Boai Hospital of Zhongshan Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Zhongshan, China.
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Barati F, Avatefi M, Moghadam NB, Asghari S, Ekrami E, Mahmoudifard M. A review of graphene quantum dots and their potential biomedical applications. J Biomater Appl 2023; 37:1137-1158. [PMID: 36066191 DOI: 10.1177/08853282221125311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Today, nanobiotechnology is a pioneering technology in biomedicine. Every day, new nanomaterials are synthesized with elevated physiochemical properties for better diagnosis and treatment of diseases. One advancing class of materials is the Graphene family. Among different kinds of graphene derivatives, graphene quantum dots (GQDs) show fantastic optical, electrical, and electrochemical features originating from their unique quantum confinement effect. Due to the distinct properties of GQD, including large surface-to-volume ratio, low cytotoxicity, and easy functionalization, this nanomaterial has gone popular in biomedical field. Herein, a short overview of different strategies developed for GQD synthesis and functionalization is discussed. In the following, the most recent progress of GQD based nanomaterials in different biomedical fields, including bio-imaging, drug/gene delivery, antimicrobial, tissue engineering, and biosensors, are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Barati
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Manizheh Avatefi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Negin Borzooee Moghadam
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Asghari
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elena Ekrami
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Matin Mahmoudifard
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, 48482National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
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Luo J, Xiao J, Yang Y, Chen G, Hu D, Zeng J. Strategies for five tumour markers in the screening and diagnosis of female breast cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1055855. [PMID: 36755860 PMCID: PMC9899879 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1055855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the diagnostic value of different combinations of five commonly used tumour markers and screened the best combination of tumour markers. Methods Regression analysis was used to evaluate 185 patients with suspected breast cancer admitted to Mianyang Central Hospital from January 2020 to December 2021. The differences of five tumour markers between a breast cancer group and a benign lesion group were analysed. The sensitivity and specificity of five tumour markers were compared. Results Of 185 patients with suspected breast cancer, 108 patients had breast cancer and 77 patients had benign breast tumours. The detection results of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) and carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153) in patients with breast cancer were significantly higher than those in patients with benign breast tumours. In the analysis of the single-detection results of tumour markers, CEA had the highest sensitivity (23.94%), CA153 had the highest specificity (96.43%), AFP had the highest accuracy (47.66%) and CA153 had the highest area under the curve (AUC) value (0.727). With the increase of parallel indicators, the sensitivity, accuracy and AUC value increased in turn, and the increase was obvious in the front. The increase began to slow down after the three parallel indicators. Among the different combinations of three parallel detections of breast cancer tumour markers, the highest sensitivity was AFP + CEA + CA153 (83.46%), the highest accuracy was AFP + CEA + CA153 and AFP + CA153 + CA125 (80.25%), and the highest AUC was CEA + CA125 + CA199 (0.922). Conclusion AFP, CA153 and CA199 are recommended for clinical diagnosis of breast cancer. In routine physical examination and early breast cancer screening, the optimal combination of AFP + CEA + CA153 three parallel tests is recommended.
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Yuan Y, Gao F, Chang Y, Zhao Q, He X. Advances of mRNA vaccine in tumor: a maze of opportunities and challenges. Biomark Res 2023; 11:6. [PMID: 36650562 PMCID: PMC9845107 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00449-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
High-frequency mutations in tumor genomes could be exploited as an asset for developing tumor vaccines. In recent years, with the tremendous breakthrough in genomics, intelligence algorithm, and in-depth insight of tumor immunology, it has become possible to rapidly target genomic alterations in tumor cell and rationally select vaccine targets. Among a variety of candidate vaccine platforms, the early application of mRNA was limited by instability low efficiency and excessive immunogenicity until the successful development of mRNA vaccines against SARS-COV-2 broken of technical bottleneck in vaccine preparation, allowing tumor mRNA vaccines to be prepared rapidly in an economical way with good performance of stability and efficiency. In this review, we systematically summarized the classification and characteristics of tumor antigens, the general process and methods for screening neoantigens, the strategies of vaccine preparations and advances in clinical trials, as well as presented the main challenges in the current mRNA tumor vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yuan
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Gao
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Chang
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiu Zhao
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
| | - Xingxing He
- grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China ,grid.412793.a0000 0004 1799 5032Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China ,grid.413247.70000 0004 1808 0969Hubei Clinical Center and Key Laboratory of Intestinal and Colorectal Diseases, Wuhan, China
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NCK-associated protein 1 regulates metastasis and is a novel prognostic marker for colorectal cancer. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:7. [PMID: 36639705 PMCID: PMC9839720 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01303-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a substantial problem for mortality and requires screening and early detection efforts to increase survival. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and circulation of tumor cells in the blood play important roles in metastasis. To identify a novel target for metastasis of CRC, we conducted a gene microarray analysis using extracted RNA from the blood of preclinical models. We found that NCK-associated protein 1 (NCKAP1) was significantly increased in the blood RNA of patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of colon cancer. In the NCKAP1 gene knockdown-induced human colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29, there was a reduced wound healing area and significant inhibition of migration and invasion. As the result of marker screening for cytoskeleton and cellular interactions, CRC treated with siRNA of NCKAP1 exhibited significant induction of CDH1 and phalloidin expression, which indicates enhanced adherent cell junctions and cytoskeleton. In HCT116 cells with a mesenchymal state induced by TGFβ1, metastasis was inhibited by NCKAP1 gene knockdown through the inhibition of migration, and there was increased CTNNB1 expression and decreased FN expression. We established metastasis models for colon cancer to liver transition by intrasplenic injection shRNA of NCKAP1-transfected HCT116 cells or by implanting tumor tissue generated with the cells on cecal pouch. In metastasis xenograft models, tumor growth and liver metastasis were markedly reduced. Taken together, these data demonstrate that NCKAP1 is a novel gene regulating EMT that can contribute to developing a diagnostic marker for the progression of metastasis and new therapeutics for metastatic CRC treatment.
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Wu X, Shi M, Lian Y, Zhang H. Exosomal circRNAs as promising liquid biopsy biomarkers for glioma. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1039084. [PMID: 37122733 PMCID: PMC10140329 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1039084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Liquid biopsy strategies enable the noninvasive detection of changes in the levels of circulating biomarkers in body fluid samples, providing an opportunity to diagnose, dynamically monitor, and treat a range of diseases, including cancers. Glioma is among the most common forms of intracranial malignancy, and affected patients exhibit poor prognostic outcomes. As such, diagnosing and treating this disease in its early stages is critical for optimal patient outcomes. Exosomal circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in both the onset and progression of glioma. Both the roles of exosomes and methods for their detection have received much attention in recent years and the detection of exosomal circRNAs by liquid biopsy has significant potential for monitoring dynamic changes in glioma. The present review provides an overview of the circulating liquid biopsy biomarkers associated with this cancer type and the potential application of exosomal circRNAs as tools to guide the diagnosis, treatment, and prognostic evaluation of glioma patients during disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoke Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mengmeng Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yajun Lian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Haifeng Zhang, ; Yajun Lian,
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- *Correspondence: Haifeng Zhang, ; Yajun Lian,
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Zhang J, Yin X, Wang H, Fang T, Gao J, Zhu Z, Li C, Wang Y, Wang X, Lu Z, Wu J, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Xue Y. Development and Validation of Tumor Marker Indices in Advanced Gastric Cancer Patients. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231202466. [PMID: 37728233 PMCID: PMC10515535 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231202466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor markers (TMs) are important for the prognosis of gastric cancer (GC). However, the prognostic importance of the tumor marker index (TMI) based on GC-specific TMs for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) still needs to be further explored. METHODS We retrospectively examined patients who underwent radical gastric cancer surgery between February 2014 and June 2016 at the Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Harbin Medical University. The patients were divided into training and validation groups. TMI was determined as the geometric mean of the standard cancer antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels. Patient overall survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method. Independent prognosis-associated risk factors were identified using Cox hazard regression models. A nomogram model incorporating TMI and clinicopathological factors was developed, and its performance was evaluated using a decision curve analysis, concordance index, and calibration plots. RESULTS In the TMI training cohort, the cutoff value was set at .439, categorizing patients into TMI-High and TMI-Low groups. The 5-year survival rate in the TMI-Low group significantly surpassed that in the TMI-High group (78.2% vs 58.1% and 49.7 vs 41.6, P < .001). TMI emerged as an independent prognostic factor. The nomogram accurately predicted patient prognosis by using TMI and clinicopathological characteristics. Validation of the TMI in the independent cohort yielded satisfactory results. CONCLUSION The TMI constructed based on specific TMs associated with gastric cancer can offer a precise prognostic prediction for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Yin
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Tianyi Fang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Jialiang Gao
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Ziyu Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Xibo Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhanfei Lu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Junpeng Wu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yimin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Yingwei Xue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
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Plüss L, Peissert F, Elsayed A, Rotta G, Römer J, Dakhel Plaza S, Villa A, Puca E, De Luca R, Oxenius A, Neri D. Generation and in vivo characterization of a novel high-affinity human antibody targeting carcinoembryonic antigen. MAbs 2023; 15:2217964. [PMID: 37243574 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2023.2217964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There are no effective treatment options for most patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). mCRC remains a leading cause of tumor-related death, with a five-year survival rate of only 15%, highlighting the urgent need for novel pharmacological products. Current standard drugs are based on cytotoxic chemotherapy, VEGF inhibitors, EGFR antibodies, and multikinase inhibitors. The antibody-based delivery of pro-inflammatory cytokines provides a promising and differentiated strategy to improve the treatment outcome for mCRC patients. Here, we describe the generation of a novel fully human monoclonal antibody (termed F4) targeting the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a tumor-associated antigen overexpressed in colorectal cancer and other malignancies. The F4 antibody was selected by antibody phage display technology after two rounds of affinity maturation. F4 in single-chain variable fragment format bound to CEA in surface plasmon resonance with an affinity of 7.7 nM. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence on human cancer specimens confirmed binding to CEA-expressing cells. F4 selectively accumulated in CEA-positive tumors, as evidenced by two orthogonal in vivo biodistribution studies. Encouraged by these results, we genetically fused murine interleukin (IL) 12 to F4 in the single-chain diabody format. F4-IL12 exhibited potent antitumor activity in two murine models of colon cancer. Treatment with F4-IL12 led to an increased density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and an upregulation of interferon γ expression by tumor-homing lymphocytes. These data suggest that the F4 antibody is an attractive delivery vehicle for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Plüss
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Abdullah Elsayed
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giulia Rotta
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Römer
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Emanuele Puca
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | | | - Annette Oxenius
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dario Neri
- Philochem AG, Libernstrasse 3, Otelfingen, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Zurich, Switzerland
- Philogen SpA, Località Bellaria, Sovicille, Italy
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Chang CH, Weng HH, Lin YC, Lin CN, Huang TJ, Chen MY. Association between serum carcinoembryonic antigen and cardiometabolic risks: Implication for cardiometabolic prevention. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1113178. [PMID: 36909325 PMCID: PMC9995979 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1113178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a biomarker commonly used to detect colorectal cancer. CEA levels are affected by many factors, including cardiometabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and diabetes. Cardiometabolic diseases and cancer share a similar pathological inflammatory pathway, which correlates with an unhealthy lifestyle. Hence, establishing an adequate CEA cut-off value might be a valuable reference for developing precision healthcare programs for cardiometabolic disease prevention. This study aimed to investigate the association between cardiometabolic risks and serum CEA and the underlying factors. METHODS A community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted between March and December 2021 on the western coast of Taiwan. Lifestyle data were assessed using a structured questionnaire. The cardiometabolic biomarkers, serum CEA, urine malondialdehyde, and 1-hydroxypyrene were quantified by the central laboratory of the collaborating hospital. Chi-square and binary multivariable logistic regression implemented in R version 4.0.2 were used to identify factors defining the risk of high serum CEA levels. RESULTS A total of 6,295 adult residents without cancer-related diseases completed the study. The mean age was 48.6 (SD = 16.4) years, 56% were female, 32% had metabolic syndrome, and 23% and 10% had CVDs and diabetes, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that age ≥ 65 years, male sex, alcohol consumption, smoking, infrequent use of dental floss, fewer remaining teeth, CVDs, diabetes, and oxidative stress were significantly associated with serum CEA ≥ 3 ng/mL. The discriminatory performance of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.75 (0.73-0.76), showing that this model was suitable for distinguishing high CEA levels. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the importance of understanding cardiometabolic diseases, unhealthy lifestyles, and oxidative stress, which contribute to high serum CEA. This study demonstrates that CEA, a well-known tumor marker, can help the early detection and prevention of cardiometabolic diseases via personalized lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Huei Weng
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ni Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Jung Huang
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Research Fellow, Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Mei-Yen Chen,
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Nithya G, Santhanasabapathy R, Vanitha MK, Anandakumar P, Sakthisekaran D. Antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic activity of thymoquinone against benzo(a)pyrene-induced experimental lung cancer. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23230. [PMID: 36193556 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have suggested that increased consumption of phytochemicals is a comparatively easy and practical strategy to significantly decrease the incidence of cancer. In the present study, we have reported the protective effect of a natural compound, thymoquinone (TQ) against benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P)-induced lung carcinogenesis in Swiss albino mice. B(a)P (50 mg/kg body weight) was administered twice weekly for four successive weeks and left until 20 weeks to induce lung cancer in mice. TQ (20 mg/kg body weight) was given orally as a pretreatment and posttreatment drug to determine its chemopreventive and therapeutic effects. B(a)P-induced lung cancer-bearing animals displayed cachexia-like symptoms along with an abnormal increase in lung weight and the activities of marker enzymes adenosine deaminase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, 5'-nucleotidase and lactate dehydrogenase; tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen levels. Furthermore, B(a)P-induced animals showed elevated levels of lipid peroxides with subsequent depletion in the antioxidant status and histological aberrations. These anomalies were accompanied by increased expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D1 in the lung sections derived from B(a)P-induced animals. On TQ treatment, all the above alterations were returned to near normalcy. Furthermore, TQ administration in B(a)P-induced animals downregulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway and induced apoptosis as evidenced by a decrease in cytochrome c, proapoptotic Bax, caspase-3, and p53 with a parallel increase in antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Our present results demonstrate the potential effectiveness of TQ as an antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic agent against B(a)P-induced experimental lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajendran Nithya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Manickam Kalappan Vanitha
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Dhanapalan Sakthisekaran
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. ALM PGIBMS, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Peng L, Zhang L. Research Progress on the Predicting Factors and Coping Strategies for Postoperative Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010114. [PMID: 36611908 PMCID: PMC9818463 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the malignant tumors with poor prognosis in China. Currently, the treatment of esophageal cancer is still based on surgery, especially in early and mid-stage patients, to achieve the goal of radical cure. However, esophageal cancer is a kind of tumor with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis, and locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis are the leading causes of death after surgery. Although multimodal comprehensive treatment has advanced in recent years, the prediction, prevention and treatment of postoperative recurrence and metastasis of esophageal cancer are still unsatisfactory. How to reduce recurrence and metastasis in patients after surgery remains an urgent problem to be solved. Given the clinical demand for early detection of postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer, clinical and basic research aiming to meet this demand has been a hot topic, and progress has been observed in recent years. Therefore, this article reviews the research progress on the factors that influence and predict postoperative recurrence of esophageal cancer, hoping to provide new research directions and treatment strategies for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Medical College, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence:
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Wang YX, Guo YM, Wang L, Wu SL. Value of serological markers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of pancreatic cancer. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:978-983. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i22.978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a kind of malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Its incidence rate is almost equal to the mortality rate, which shows an increasing trend, especially in recent years. At present, the radical cure of pancreatic cancer is mainly achieved by surgery, but the complex pathophysiology, the lack of early diagnosis and prognostic markers, and low surgical survival rate are the main obstacles to surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer. Serological markers are sensitive biological markers, and they have been used in recent years for the diagnosis and prediction of the prognosis of patients with postoperative pancreatic cancer. Therefore, serum markers are of vital importance in pancreatic cancer. This article summarizes various serological markers for early diagnosis and prognosis prediction of pancreatic cancer to provide a theoretical reference for clinical workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Xiang Wang
- Graduate School of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Ya-Min Guo
- Department of General Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Graduate School of Qinghai University, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
| | - Shi-Le Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810000, Qinghai Province, China
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Zhao Q, Dong L, Liang H, Pang K, Wang P, Ge R, Li T, Jiang S, Chu Y. Evaluation of multiple biological indicators for combined diagnosis of gastric cancer: A retrospective analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e31904. [PMID: 36451446 PMCID: PMC9704904 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000031878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), platelet distribution width (PDW), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) for gastric cancer's (GC) diagnostic efficiency, and the use of receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) combined with logistic regression to evaluate multi-index combination's diagnostic value of GC. 773 GC patients' clinical data were retrospectively collected in the Weihai Municipal Hospital, affiliated hospital of Shandong University from April 2018 to May 2021, and selected 2368 healthy physical examination patients during the same period as the control group. A total of 3141 samples was included in this study, including 773 cases in the GC group and 2368 cases in the healthy physical examination group. The results of the overall comparison between groups showed that apart from gender, the age differences, CEA, CA19-9, PDW, NLR, and PLR were statistically significant (P < .001). Spearman ranks correlation analysis's results showed that CA19-9, CEA, PLR, and NLR were correlated with GC patients' clinical-stage positively, and the correlation coefficients r was 0.249, 0.280, 0.252, 0.262 (all P < .001), and PDW was correlated with the clinical stage negatively (r = -0.186, P < .001). The ROC curve analysis results of CEA, CA19-9, PDW, NLR and PLR showed that CEA's diagnostic cutoff value for GC was 3.175 (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.631, 95% CI: 0.606-0.655, P < .001), the CA19-9's diagnostic cutoff value is 19.640 (AUC = 0.589, 95% CI: 0.563-0.615, P < .001), PDW's diagnostic cutoff value is 15.750 (AUC = 0.799, 95% CI: 0.778-0.820, P < .001), NLR's diagnostic cutoff value was 2.162 (AUC = 0.699, 95% CI: 0.675-0.721, P < .001), and PLR's diagnostic cutoff value was 149.540 (AUC = 0.709, 95% CI: 0.688-0.732, P < .001). The area under the ROC curve for the combined diagnosis of GC with 5 indicators was 0.877 (95% CI: 0.860-0.894, P < .001), which was better than a single indicator (P < .05). The diagnostic efficiency of combined detection of CEA, CA19-9, PDW, NLR, and PLR is better than that of single index detection alone, which can reduce the misdiagnosis rate of GC effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinfu Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Luying Dong
- Department of Physical Examination, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Heye Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Kai Pang
- Operation Management Section, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Operation Management Section, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ruiyin Ge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shuyi Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanliu Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai, Shandong Province, China
- * Correspondence: Yanliu Chu, Department of Gastroenterology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200, China (e-mail:)
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Badheeb M, Abdelrahim A, Esmail A, Umoru G, Abboud K, Al-Najjar E, Rasheed G, Alkhulaifawi M, Abudayyeh A, Abdelrahim M. Pancreatic Tumorigenesis: Precursors, Genetic Risk Factors and Screening. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:8693-8719. [PMID: 36421339 PMCID: PMC9689647 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29110686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a highly malignant and aggressive tumor. Despite medical advancement, the silent nature of PC results in only 20% of all cases considered resectable at the time of diagnosis. It is projected to become the second leading cause in 2030. Most pancreatic cancer cases are diagnosed in the advanced stages. Such cases are typically unresectable and are associated with a 5-year survival of less than 10%. Although there is no guideline consensus regarding recommendations for screening for pancreatic cancer, early detection has been associated with better outcomes. In addition to continued utilization of imaging and conventional tumor markers, clinicians should be aware of novel testing modalities that may be effective for early detection of pancreatic cancer in individuals with high-risk factors. The pathogenesis of PC is not well understood; however, various modifiable and non-modifiable factors have been implicated in pancreatic oncogenesis. PC detection in the earlier stages is associated with better outcomes; nevertheless, most oncological societies do not recommend universal screening as it may result in a high false-positive rate. Therefore, targeted screening for high-risk individuals represents a reasonable option. In this review, we aimed to summarize the pathogenesis, genetic risk factors, high-risk population, and screening modalities for PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Badheeb
- Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Hadhramout University, Mukalla 50512, Yemen
| | | | - Abdullah Esmail
- Section of GI Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (M.A.)
| | - Godsfavour Umoru
- Department of Pharmacy, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Karen Abboud
- Department of Pharmacy, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ebtesam Al-Najjar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Science and Technology, Sana’a 15201, Yemen
| | - Ghaith Rasheed
- Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | | | - Ala Abudayyeh
- Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Maen Abdelrahim
- Section of GI Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 14853, USA
- Cockrell Center for Advanced Therapeutic Phase I Program, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Correspondence: (A.E.); (M.A.)
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Bi H, Yin L, Fang W, Song S, Wu S, Shen J. Association of CEA, NSE, CYFRA 21-1, SCC-Ag, and ProGRP with Clinicopathological Characteristics and Chemotherapeutic Outcomes of Lung Cancer. Lab Med 2022:6772479. [DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmac122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), nerve-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), and pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) with the clinicopathological characteristics and chemotherapeutic outcomes of patients with lung cancer.
Methods
A total of 189 patients with lung cancer (lung cancer group) diagnosed at the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2020 to December 2021 were included. During the same period, 199 patients with benign lung disorders were included as the benign lung disease group and 75 healthy people were selected as the control group. The serum concentrations of CEA, NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCC-Ag, and ProGRP in all the 3 groups were analyzed and compared in patients with different lung cancer tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages and pathological classifications. A total of 11 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and 18 patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) were further evaluated for the dynamic changes of CEA, NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCC-Ag, and ProGRP before chemotherapy and during the 6 courses of chemotherapy, and the outcome of chemotherapy was evaluated every 2 courses.
Results
The serum concentrations of CEA, NSE, CYFRA21-1, SCC-Ag, and ProGRP in the lung cancer group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05). We found statistically significant differences in serum CEA, NSE, CYFRA 21-1, SCC-Ag, and ProGRP among patients with different pathological types (LAC, squamous cell carcinoma, or SCLC) and different stages (I–IV). The ProGRP and NSE had the highest expression in SCLC, CEA showed the highest expression in LAC, whereas CYFRA21-1 and SCC-Ag showed the highest expression in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). The concentrations of all the markers were elevated in the advanced pathological stages. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the diagnostic value of the combined detection of CEA, NSE, CYFRA 21-1, SCC-Ag, and ProGRP for lung cancer was significantly higher than using a single biomarker (P < .05). Our dynamic monitoring results show that ProGRP progressively decreased in remission cases of SCLC and CEA progressively decreased in LAC remission cases.
Conclusion
CEA, NSE, CYFRA 21-1, SCC-Ag, and ProGRP have good clinical value in the early diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and progression monitoring of lung cancer. The ProGRP and CEA concentrations are beneficial for evaluating the outcome of chemotherapy in SCLC and LAC. The combined detection of multiple biomarkers shows improved clinical value in the early diagnosis of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Bi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University North District , Hefei , China
| | - Lina Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University North District , Hefei , China
| | - Wenhao Fang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University North District , Hefei , China
| | - Shenglan Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University North District , Hefei , China
| | - Shan Wu
- Department of Oncology, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University North District , Hefei , China
| | - Jilu Shen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University North District , Hefei , China
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Jiang C, Zhao M, Hou S, Hu X, Huang J, Wang H, Ren C, Pan X, Zhang T, Wu S, Zhang S, Sun B. The Indicative Value of Serum Tumor Markers for Metastasis and Stage of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205064. [PMID: 36291848 PMCID: PMC9599954 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to explore the roles of serum tumor markers for metastasis and stage of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: This study recruited 3272 NSCLC patients admitted to the Tianjin Union Medical Center and the Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital. The predictive abilities of some serum tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag), cytokeratin-19 fragment (CYFRA 21-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), pro-gastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP), total prostate-specific antigen (TPSA) and carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199)) for NSCLC metastasis (intrapulmonary, lymphatic and distant metastasis) and clinical stage were analyzed. Results: Tumor markers exhibited different numerical and proportional distributions in NSCLC patients. Elevated CEA, CYFRA 21-1 and CA199 levels were indicative of tumor metastasis and stage. Increased CEA and CA199 provided an accurate prediction of intrapulmonary and distant metastasis with the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.69 both (p < 0.001); Increased CEA, CYFRA 21-1 and CA199 provided an accurate prediction of lymphatic metastasis with the AUC of 0.62 (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Combined detection of serum tumor markers can indicate tumor metastasis and stage in NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350212, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, 20 Chazhong Road, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Mengyao Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shaohui Hou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Respiratory, The Second People’s Hospital of Linhai City, Linhai 317000, China
| | - Jinchao Huang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300181, China
| | - Hongci Wang
- Baodi District People’s Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Baodi Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 301000, China
| | - Changhao Ren
- Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoying Pan
- Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ti Zhang
- Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shengnan Wu
- Medical College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (B.S.)
| | - Bingsheng Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300181, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin 300181, China
- Correspondence: (S.Z.); (B.S.)
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