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Alrokayan S, Hussain T, Alamery S, Mohammed AA, Mahmood A, Ejaz SA, Langer P, Iqbal J. [1, 8]-Naphthyridine derivatives as dual inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase and carbonic anhydrase. BMC Chem 2023; 17:142. [PMID: 37880684 PMCID: PMC10599030 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-01052-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
[1,8]-Naphthyridine derivatives have been reported to possess important biological activities and may serve as attractive pharmacophores in the drug discovery process. [1,8]-Naphthyridine derivatives (1a-1l) were evaluated for inhibitory potential for isozymes of carbonic anhydrase (CA) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). CAs have been reported to carry out reversible hydration of CO2 into HCO3-, secretion of electrolytes, acid-base regulation, bone resorption, calcification, and biosynthetic reactions. Whereas ALPs hydrolyze monophosphate esters with the release of inorganic phosphate and play an important role in bone mineralization. Both enzymes have been found to be over-expressed and raised functional activities in patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis. The discovery of dual inhibitors of these enzymes may provide a synergistic effect to cure bone disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. Among the test compounds, the most potent inhibitors for CA-II, CA-IX, and CA-XII were 1e, 1g, and 1a with IC50 values of 0.44 ± 0.19, 0.11 ± 0.03 and 0.32 ± 0.07 µM, respectively. [1,8]-Naphthyridine derivatives (1a-1l) were approximately 4 folds more potent than standard CA inhibitor acetazolamide. While in the case of ALPs, the most potent compounds for b-TNAP and c-IAP were 1b and 1e with IC50 values of 0.122 ± 0.06 and 0.107 ± 0.02 µM, respectively. Thus, synthesized derivatives proved to be 100 to 800 times more potent as compared to standard inhibitors of b-TNAP and c-IAP (Levamisole and L-phenyl alanine, respectively). In addition, selectivity and dual inhibition of [1,8]-Naphthyridine derivatives confer precedence over known inhibitors. Molecular docking and molecular simulation studies were also conducted in the present studies to define the type of interactions between potential inhibitors and enzyme active sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Alrokayan
- Research Chair for Biomedical Application of Nanomaterials, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tajamul Hussain
- Research Chair for Biomedical Application of Nanomaterials, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology Research, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salman Alamery
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif Ahmed Mohammed
- Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abid Mahmood
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Abida Ejaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacv, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Peter Langer
- Institut Für Chemie, Universität Rostock, A.-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, 22060, Pakistan.
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Exploring 2-Tetradecanoylimino-3-aryl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazolines Derivatives as Alkaline Phosphatase Inhibitors: Biochemical Evaluation and Computational Analysis. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196766. [PMID: 36235300 PMCID: PMC9572939 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study focused on the laboratory approach in conjunction with computational methods for the synthesis and bioactivity assessment of unique 2-tetradecanoylimino-3-aryl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazolines (2a-2k). Processes included cyclizing 1-aroyl-3-arylthioureas with propan-2-one in the presence of trimethylamine and bromine. By using spectroscopic techniques and elemental analyses, structures were elucidated. To assess the electronic properties, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were made, while binding interactions of synthesized derivatives were studied by the molecular docking tool. Promising results were found during the evaluation of bioactivity of synthesized compounds against alkaline phosphatase. The drug likeliness score, an indicator used for any chemical entity posing as a drug, was within acceptable limits. The data suggested that most of the derivatives were potent inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase, which in turn may act as lead molecules to synthesize derivatives having desired pharmacological profiles for the treatment of specific diseases associated with abnormal levels of ALPs.
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Mine M, Mizuguchi H, Takayanagi T. Kinetic analyses of two-steps oxidation from l-tyrosine to l-dopaquinone with tyrosinase by capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis. Anal Biochem 2022; 655:114856. [PMID: 35964734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2022.114856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Tyrosinase catalyzes the oxidation of l-tyrosine in two stages to produce l-dopa and l-dopaquinone stepwise, and l-dopaquinone is subsequently converted to dopachrome. Most of the conventional analyses subjected only one-step reaction from l-tyrosine to l-dopa or from l-dopa to l-dopaquinone. In this study, kinetic analyses of two-steps oxidation of l-tyrosine with tyrosinase were made by capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis (CE/DFA). When l-dopa was introduced into a capillary as a sample plug in a CE/DFA format, the enzymatic oxidation continuously occurred during the electrophoresis, and the product l-dopaquinone was subsequently converted to dopachrome which was detected as a plateau signal. A Michaelis-Menten constant of the second-step kinetic reaction, Km,Do, was determined as 0.45 ± 0.03 mmol L-1. In the analysis of the first-step kinetic reaction from l-tyrosine to l-dopa, l-dopa was not resolved by CE/DFA because both l-tyrosine and l-dopa are electrically neutral. The l-dopa formed and co-migrated at the l-tyrosine zone was calibrated beforehand with the final product of dopachrome detected as a plateau signal. Constantly formed l-dopa was successfully detected as a plateau signal of dopachrome, and a Michaelis-Menten constant of Km,Ty was also determined as 0.061 ± 0.009 mmol L-1 by the CE/DFA. CE/DFA is applicable to two-steps enzymatic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Mine
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan
| | - Toshio Takayanagi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan.
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Su R, Tang H, Xi F. Sensitive electrochemical detection of p-nitrophenol by pre-activated glassy carbon electrode integrated with silica nanochannel array film. Front Chem 2022; 10:954748. [PMID: 35991606 PMCID: PMC9388733 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.954748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Convenient, rapid and sensitive detection of p-nitrophenol (p-NP), one of the priority environmental pollutants, in environmental samples is of great significance. Electrochemical sensor with simple fabrication process, high sensitivity and selectivity, good antifouling, and regeneration performance is highly desirable. Herein, an electrochemical sensing platform is demonstrated based on the integration of vertically-ordered mesoporous silica-nanochannel film (VMSF) on electrochemical pre-activated glassy carbon electrode (p-GCE), which is able to realize ultrasensitive detection of p-NP in environmental samples. Electrochemical pre-activation of GCE is achieved through a simple and green electrochemical polarization process including anodic oxidation at high voltage and the following cathodic reduction at low voltage. The p-GCE possesses enhanced active area and introduced active sites, and enables stable binding of VMSF. VMSF is easily grown on p-GCE through the electrochemically assisted self-assembly (EASA) method within 10 s. Owing to the hydrogen bonding between silanol groups and p-NP, VMSF nanochannels display strong enrichment effect for the detection of p-NP. The developed VMSF/p-GCE sensor can achieve sensitive detection of p-NP ranging from 10 nM to 1 μM and from 1 to 30 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 9.4 nM. Considering the antifouling ability of VMSF, detection of p-NP in pond water is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Su
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongliang Tang
- Affiliated Fangchenggang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Fangchenggang, China
- *Correspondence: Hongliang Tang, ; Fengna Xi,
| | - Fengna Xi
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Surface & Interface Science of Polymer Materials of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Hongliang Tang, ; Fengna Xi,
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Altaf R, Nadeem H, Iqbal MN, Ilyas U, Ashraf Z, Imran M, Muhammad SA. Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, 2D-QSAR, and Molecular Simulation Studies of Dihydropyrimidinone Derivatives as Alkaline Phosphatase Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:7139-7154. [PMID: 35252705 PMCID: PMC8892665 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of alkaline phosphatases has been observed in several species and has been known to play a crucial role in various biological functions. Higher expressions of alkaline phosphatase have been found in several multifactorial disorders and cancer patients, which has led it to be an interesting target for drug discovery. A strong structural similarity exists between intestinal alkaline phosphatases (IAPs) and tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatases (TNAPs), which has led to the discovery of only a few selective inhibitors. Therefore, a series of 22 derivatives of 6-(chloromethyl)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (1) and ethyl 6-(chloromethyl)-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate (2) were synthesized to evaluate the anticancer potential of these compounds against breast cancer. The compounds were characterized through spectral and elemental analyses. The inhibitory effect of dihydropyrimidinone derivatives on alkaline phosphatases was evaluated using the calf alkaline phosphatase assay. The antioxidant activity of these compounds was performed to study the radical scavenging effect. In silico molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations were performed to elucidate the binding mode of active compounds. Moreover, the two-dimensional qualitative-structure-activity relationship (2D-QSAR) was performed to study the structural requirements for enzyme inhibition. The calf alkaline phosphatase inhibitory assay revealed significant inhibition of the enzyme by compound 4d with IC50 1.27 μM at 0.1 mM concentration as compared to standard KH2PO4 having IC50 2.80 μM. The compounds 4f, 4e, and 4i also showed very good inhibition with IC50 values of 2.502, 2.943, and 2.132 μM, respectively, at the same concentration. The antioxidant assay revealed efficient radical scavenging activity of compounds 4f, 4e, and 4g at 100 μg/mL with IC50 values of 0.48, 0.61, and 0.75 μg/mL, respectively. The molecular docking and simulation studies revealed efficient binding of active compounds in the active binding site of the target enzyme. The final QSAR equation revealed good predictivity and statistical validation having R 2 = 0.958 and Q 2 = 0.903, respectively, for the generated model. The compound 4d showed the highest inhibitory activity with stable binding modes acting as a future lead for identifying alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. The molecular simulations suggested the stable binding of this compound, and the QSAR studies revealed the importance of autocorrelated descriptors in the inhibition of alkaline phosphatase. The investigated compounds may serve as potential pharmacophores for potent and selective alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. We intend to further investigate the biological activities of these compounds as alkaline phosphatase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Altaf
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- . Tel: 00923175638109
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nasir Iqbal
- Department
of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Sahiwal Campus, COMSATS University
Road, Off GT Road, Sahiwal, Sahiwal
District, Punjab 57000, Pakistan
| | - Umair Ilyas
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Zaman Ashraf
- Department
of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad 747424, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Iqra University, Islamabad Campus, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Syed Aun Muhammad
- Institute
of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
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TAKAYANAGI T. Development of Novel Analysis and Characterization Methods Utilizing Reaction Dynamics in a Separation Capillary. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2022. [DOI: 10.15583/jpchrom.2021.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshio TAKAYANAGI
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University
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Díez-Buitrago B, Fernández-San Argimiro FJ, Lorenzo J, Bijelic G, Briz N, Pavlov V. Design of a photoelectrochemical lab-on-a-chip immunosensor based on enzymatic production of quantum dots in situ. Analyst 2022; 147:3470-3477. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an01950j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a new photoelectrochemical immunoassay based on a microfluidic device. Its operation employs enzymatic generation of CdS quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Díez-Buitrago
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
- Tecnalia, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Mikeletegi 2, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | | | - Jaione Lorenzo
- Tecnalia, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Mikeletegi 2, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Goran Bijelic
- Tecnalia, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Mikeletegi 2, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nerea Briz
- Tecnalia, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo Mikeletegi 2, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Valeri Pavlov
- Center for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Paseo de Miramon 182, 20014, Donostia San Sebastián, Spain
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Gamov G, Murekhina A, Aleksandriiskii V. Dephosphorylation of pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate‐derived Schiff bases in the presence of bovine alkaline phosphatase. INT J CHEM KINET 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George Gamov
- Research Institute of Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Chemical Processes Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology Ivanovo Russia
| | - Anastasia Murekhina
- Research Institute of Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Chemical Processes Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology Ivanovo Russia
| | - Viktor Aleksandriiskii
- Research Institute of Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Chemical Processes Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology Ivanovo Russia
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A portable personal glucose meter method for enzyme activity detection and inhibitory activity evaluation based on alkaline phosphatase-mediated reaction. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2457-2466. [PMID: 33674935 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03187-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an effective and portable method for enzyme activity detection and inhibitory activity evaluation was developed based on the alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-mediated reaction in a personal glucose meter (PGM). In this method, ALP catalyzes the hydrolysis of substrate amifostine (WR-2721) to produce ethanethiol (WR-1065), which can trigger the reduction of ferricyanide (K3[Fe(CN)6]), an electron transfer mediator in glucose test strips, to ferrocyanide ([K4Fe(CN)6]) and generate a PGM-detectable signal. Thus, WR-1065 can be directly quantified by a PGM as simply as detecting glucose in blood. After being systematically optimized, the method was applied to evaluate the inhibitory activity of ten small-molecule compounds and six Cordyceps sinensis (CS) extracts on ALP. The results showed that adenosine-5-monophosphate and theophylline had high inhibitory activity, but two CS extracts have promotion potency on ALP with the values of -20.7 ± 1.3% and -46.6 ± 2.1%, respectively. Moreover, the binding sites and modes of small-molecule compounds to ALP were investigated by molecular docking, while a new substrate competitor with theoretically good inhibitory activity against ALP was designed by scaffold hopping. Finally, the accuracy of the PGM method for enzyme activity detection was assessed by detecting ALP from milk samples, and the recovery ranged from 87.7% to 116.9%. These results indicate that it is feasible to evaluate enzyme activity and the inhibitory activity of small-molecule compounds and CS extracts on ALP using a PGM based on ALP-mediated reaction. Graphical abstract.
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Wang K, Wang W, Zhang XY, Jiang AQ, Yang YS, Zhu HL. Fluorescent probes for the detection of alkaline phosphatase in biological systems: Recent advances and future prospects. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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11
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Mine M, Mizuguchi H, Takayanagi T. Kinetic analysis of the transphosphorylation with creatine kinase by pressure-assisted capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:1453-1460. [PMID: 33479817 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-03110-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic reactions of the transphosphorylation with creatine kinase (CK) were individually investigated between creatine (Cr) and creatine phosphate (CrP) by pressure-assisted capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis (pCE/DFA). The transphosphorylations are reversible between Cr and CrP, and reverse reactions inevitably accompany in general batch analyses. In pCE/DFA, the kinetic reaction proceeds in a separation capillary and the product is continuously resolved from the substrate zone. Therefore, the formation rate is kept constant at the substrate zone without the reverse reaction, and the product is detected as a plateau signal. This study demonstrates the direct and individual analyses of both the forward and the backward kinetic reactions with CK by pCE/DFA. A plateau signal was detected in the pCE/DFA with ADP or ATP as one of the products on either the forward or the backward reactions. The Michaelis-Menten constants of Km,ATP (from Cr to CrP) and Km,ADP (from CrP to Cr) were successfully determined through the plateau signal. Determined values of Km,ATP and Km,ADP by pCE/DFA were smaller than the ones obtained by the pre-capillary batch analyses. The results agree with the fact that the reverse reaction is excluded in the analysis of the kinetic reactions. The proposed pCE/DFA is useful on individual analyses of both forward and backward kinetic reactions without any interference from the reverse reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Mine
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan
| | - Toshio Takayanagi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8506, Japan.
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Mine M, Matsumoto N, Mizuguchi H, Takayanagi T. Kinetic analysis of an enzymatic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate with carboxylesterase by pressure-assisted capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5846-5851. [PMID: 33230513 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01736a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An enzymatic hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl acetate with carboxylesterase was analyzed by capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis (CE/DFA). A plateau signal was expected with the anionic product of p-nitrophenol by the CE/DFA applying in-capillary reaction and the continuous CE resolution of the product from the substrate zone. However, the plateau height was not sufficient, and/or the plateau signal fluctuated and drifted. Therefore, a pressure assist was utilized in the CE/DFA to detect the product zone fast and to average the fluctuated plateau signal by mixing in a laminar flow. The plateau signal became relatively flat and its height was developed by the pressure-assisted capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis (pCE/DFA). The plateau height was used for the Michaelis-Menten analysis, and a Michaelis-Menten constant was determined as KM = 0.83 mmol L-1. An enzyme inhibition was also examined with bis(p-nitrophenyl) phosphate by adding it in the separation buffer. The height of the plateau signal decreased by the inhibition, and a 50% inhibitory concentration was determined as IC50 = 0.79 μmol L-1. The values of KM and IC50 obtained in this study agreed well with the reported values. Since the proposed pCE/DFA includes electrophoretic migration of the substrate zone in a capillary, it is also noticed that the deactivation of the enzyme by ethanol on the preparation of the substrate solution can be avoided, as well as the exclusion of the inhibition by the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Mine
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjimacho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
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Guo J, Yu H, Cui T. Applications of fluorescent materials in the detection of alkaline phosphatase activity. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:214-226. [PMID: 32790135 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is important in the diagnosis of many diseases. Because ALP is used to detect biomarkers for many diseases, many researchers conduct investigations to develop ALP detection strategies. The use of fluorescent material has attracted attention because of the technique's high sensitivity and the low sample volume required. Herein, we review and discuss the working mechanisms and advantages of four main categories:DNA fluorescent probes, molecular fluorescent probes, chemical coordination-based probes, and nanoparticle probes. Development prospects and trends are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Guo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongbo Yu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingting Cui
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Mine M, Mizuguchi H, Takayanagi T. Inhibition Assay of Theophylline by Capillary Electrophoresis/Dynamic Frontal Analysis on the Hydrolysis of p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate with Alkaline Phosphatase. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Mine
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjimacho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjimacho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Toshio Takayanagi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjimacho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
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15
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Mine M, Mizuguchi H, Takayanagi T. Kinetic analysis of substrate competition in enzymatic reactions with β-D-galactosidase by capillary electrophoresis / dynamic frontal analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 188:113390. [PMID: 32512255 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Competitive inhibition between two substrates with an enzyme is investigated by capillary electrophoresis/dynamic frontal analysis (CE/DFA). Enzymatic hydrolyses of o-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside and p-nitrophenyl β-D-galactopyranoside with β-D-galactosidase were examined as a model competitive reaction. A sample solution containing the two substrates was injected into a capillary filled with a separation buffer containing an enzyme. Enzymatic hydrolysis occurred during the electrophoresis, and the products of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol were continuously formed and resolved from the sample zone. Two-steps plateau signal was detected with the two-substrate solutions based on the difference in the effective electrophoretic mobility of o-nitrophenol and p-nitrophenol. Michaelis-Menten constants and inhibition constants were determined with the plateau heights. Usefulness of CE/DFA on competitive inhibition analysis is demonstrated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Mine
- Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Mizuguchi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan
| | - Toshio Takayanagi
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, 2-1 Minamijyousanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8506, Japan.
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Lu N, Sticker D, Kretschmann A, Petersen NJ, Kutter JP. A thiol-ene microfluidic device enabling continuous enzymatic digestion and electrophoretic separation as front-end to mass spectrometric peptide analysis. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3559-3571. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02609-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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A Kinetic Process to Determine the Interaction Type Between Two Compounds, One of Which Is a Reaction Product, Using Alkaline Phosphatase Inhibition as a Case Study. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 191:657-665. [PMID: 31845192 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study describes the development of a new methodology based on a new integrated equation which allows the determination of the kinetic parameters for two mutually non-exclusive inhibitors when one of which is produced during the time-course reaction. Alkaline phosphatase simultaneously inhibited by phosphate and urea is used to illustrate this methodology, including the evaluation of interaction effects between them. Data analyses were carried out using two integrated velocity equations: exclusive linear mixed inhibition (EMI) and non-exclusive linear mixed inhibition (NEMI). Kinetic parameters are estimated using non-linear regression and results show that (i) the interaction between enzyme and the inhibitors urea and phosphate exhibit a mutually non-exclusive behavior; (ii) more specifically, these inhibitors are non-exclusive only in free enzyme (E) species; (iii) the inhibitors also show an interaction with enzyme classified as facilitation; (iv) phosphate is a competitive inhibitor and urea a mixed inhibitor; (v) the inhibition constant for phosphate is much lower than that determined for urea. In addition, a functional Excel Spreadsheet which can be adapted to any kinetic study is also included as a supplement.
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Zhang X, Chen X, Liu K, Zhang Y, Gao G, Huang X, Hou S. Near-infrared ratiometric probe with a self-immolative spacer for rapid and sensitive detection of alkaline phosphatase activity and imaging in vivo. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1094:113-121. [PMID: 31761037 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate groups, is closely associated with many diseases, including bone disease, prostate cancer, and diabetes. Thus, new assays for ALP detection in live cells are needed to better understand its role in related biological processes. In this study, we constructed a novel near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent probe for detecting ALP activity with high sensitivity. The probe uses a new self-immolative mechanism that can achieve a rapid response (within 10 min) to ALP, detected as a spectral shift (from 580 to 650 nm). This method effectively avoids issues related to instrument variability, and the near-infrared fluorescence emission (650 nm) makes it more suitable for biological detection. Moreover, the high sensitivity (14-fold enhancement of the fluorescence ratio F650/F580) and low detection limit (0.89 U L-1) for ALP allows the probe to be adapted to complex biological environments. The assay was successfully performed using serum samples with a linear range of ALP of up to 150 U L-1. We used the developed probe to detect and image endogenous ALP in cells with satisfactory results, and we successfully used the probes to detect changes in endogenous ALP levels in zebrafish caused by drug-induced organ damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xiangzhu Chen
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Kaizheng Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Gui Gao
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Huang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Shicong Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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Jie X, Wu M, Yang H, Wei W. Red–Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Time-Resolved in Vivo Alkaline Phosphatase Detection with the Assistance of a Photoresponsive Nanocontainer. Anal Chem 2019; 91:13174-13182. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Jie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mei Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haimei Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weili Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Substituted phenyl[(5-benzyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]acetates/acetamides as alkaline phosphatase inhibitors: Synthesis, computational studies, enzyme inhibitory kinetics and DNA binding studies. Bioorg Chem 2019; 90:103108. [PMID: 31284102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Substituted phenyl[(5-benzyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]acetates/acetamides 9a-j were synthesized as alkaline phosphatase inhibitors. Phenyl acetic acid 1 through a series of reactions was converted into 5-benzyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione 4. The intermediate oxadiazole 4 was then reacted with chloroacetyl derivatives of phenols 6a-f and anilines derivatives 8a-d to afford the title oxadiazole derivatives 9a-j. All of the title compounds 9a-j were evaluated for their inhibitory activity against human alkaline phosphatise (ALP). It was found that compounds 9a-j exhibited good to excellent alkaline phosphatase inhibitory activity especially 9h displayed potent activity with IC50 value 0.420 ± 0.012 µM while IC50 value of standard (KH2PO4) was 2.80 µM. The enzyme inhibitory kinetics of most potent inhibitor 9h was determined by Line-weaever Burk plots showing non-competitive mode of binding with enzyme. Molecular docking studies were performed against alkaline phosphatase enzyme (1EW2) to check the binding affinity of the synthesized compounds 9a-j against target protein. The compound 9h exhibited excellent binding affinity having binding energy value (-7.90 kcal/mol) compared to other derivatives. The brine shrimp viability assay results proved that derivative 9h was non-toxic at concentration used for enzyme assay. The lead compound 9h showed LD50 106.71 µM while the standard potassium dichromate showed LD50 0.891 µM. The DNA binding interactions of the synthesized compound 9h was also determined experimentally by spectrophotometric and electrochemical methods. The compound 9h was found to bind with grooves of DNA as depicted by both UV-Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry with binding constant values 7.83 × 103 and 7.95 × 103 M-1 respectively revealing significant strength of 9h-DNA complex. As dry lab and wet lab results concise each other it was concluded that synthesized compounds, especially compound 9h may serve as lead compound to design most potent inhibitors of human ALP.
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Li Y, Fang H, Hou Z, Sang L, Yang X. An in-line capillary electrophoresis assay for the high-throughput screening of histone deacetylase inhibitors. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1591:171-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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22
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Lee SY, Luo X, Namasivayam V, Geiss J, Mirza S, Pelletier J, Stephan H, Sévigny J, Müller CE. Development of a selective and highly sensitive fluorescence assay for nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase1 (NTPDase1, CD39). Analyst 2019; 143:5417-5430. [PMID: 30303204 DOI: 10.1039/c8an01108g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase1 (NTPDase1, CD39) is a major ectonucleotidase that hydrolyzes proinflammatory ATP via ADP to AMP, which is subsequently converted by ecto-5'-nucleotidase (CD73) to immunosuppressive adenosine. Activation of CD39 has potential for treating inflammatory diseases, while inhibition was suggested as a novel strategy for the immunotherapy of cancer. In the present study, we developed a selective and highly sensitive capillary electrophoresis (CE) assay using a novel fluorescent CD39 substrate, a fluorescein-labelled ATP (PSB-170621A) that is converted to its AMP derivative. To accelerate the assays, a two-directional (forward and reverse) CE system was implemented using 96-well plates, which is suitable for the screening of compound libraries (Z'-factor: 0.7). The detection limits for the forward and reverse operation were 11.7 and 2.00 pM, respectively, indicating a large enhancement in sensitivity as compared to previous methods (e.g. malachite-green assay: 1 000 000-fold, CE-UV assay: 500 000-fold, fluorescence polarization immunoassay: 12 500-fold). Enzyme kinetic studies at human CD39 revealed a Km value of 19.6 μM, and a kcat value of 119 × 10-3 s-1 for PSB-170621A, which shows similar substrate properties as ATP (11.4 μM and 82.5 × 10-3 s-1). The compound displayed similar properties at rat and mouse CD39. Subsequent docking studies into a homology model of human CD39 revealed a hydrophobic pocket that accommodates the fluorescein tag. PSB-170621A was found to be preferably hydrolyzed by CD39 as compared to other ectonucleotidases. The new assay was validated by performing inhibition assays with several standard CD39 inhibitors yielding results that were consonant with data using the natural substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yong Lee
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, An der Immenburg 4, D-53121 Bonn, Germany.
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23
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Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang Y, Gao G, Huang X, Hou S, Ma X. A high-sensitivity fluorescent probe with a self-immolative spacer for real-time ratiometric detection and imaging of alkaline phosphatase activity. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02230a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The probe APW uses a self-immolative mechanism to achieve a ratio response to ALP, which has the following advantages: fast response (in less than 15 min), high quantum yield (Φ = 0.6), low detection limit (0.46 U L−1) and excellent selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangzhu Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Gui Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Shicong Hou
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Ma
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- P. R. China
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24
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Immobilized Enzyme Reactors: an Overview of Applications in Drug Discovery from 2008 to 2018. Chromatographia 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-018-3663-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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25
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Faisal M, Shahid S, Ghumro SA, Saeed A, Larik FA, Shaheen Z, Channar PA, Fattah TA, Rasheed S, Mahesar PA. DABCO–PEG ionic liquid-based synthesis of acridine analogous and its inhibitory activity on alkaline phosphatase. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2017.1409898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Faisal
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shereena Shahid
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sarfaraz Ali Ghumro
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fayaz Ali Larik
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zeenat Shaheen
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Samina Rasheed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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26
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Schejbal J, Glatz Z. Immobilized-enzyme reactors integrated with capillary electrophoresis for pharmaceutical research. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:323-335. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Schejbal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Glatz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science; Masaryk University; Brno Czech Republic
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27
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Ma H, Bai Y, Li J, Chang YX. Screening bioactive compounds from natural product and its preparations using capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2017; 39:260-274. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Ma
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine); Ministry of Education; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Yun Bai
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine); Ministry of Education; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Jin Li
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin P. R. China
| | - Yan-xu Chang
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine; Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Tianjin P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Formula of Traditional Chinese Medicine (Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine); Ministry of Education; Tianjin P. R. China
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28
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Wang H, Lin P, Zhao S, Li S, Lu X, Liang H. Preparation of Magnetic Microsphere-Gold Nanoparticle-Immobilized Enzyme Batch Reactor and Its Application to Enzyme Inhibitor Screening in Natural Extracts by Capillary Electrophoresis. CHINESE J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201600800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hengshan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin Guangxi 541004 China
| | - Pingtan Lin
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin Guangxi 541004 China
| | - Shulin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin Guangxi 541004 China
| | - Shuting Li
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin Guangxi 541004 China
| | - Xin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin Guangxi 541004 China
| | - Hong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for the Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Guangxi Normal University; Guilin Guangxi 541004 China
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29
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Liu DM, Yang JL, Ha W, Chen J, Shi YP. Kinetics and inhibition study of tyrosinase by pressure mediated microanalysis. Anal Biochem 2017; 525:54-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Kazan A, Heymuth M, Karabulut D, Akay S, Yildiz-Ozturk E, Onbas R, Muderrisoglu C, Sargin S, Heils R, Smirnova I, Yesil-Celiktas O. Formulation of organic and inorganic hydrogel matrices for immobilization of β-glucosidase in microfluidic platform. Eng Life Sci 2017; 17:714-722. [PMID: 32624816 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.201600218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to formulate silica and alginate hydrogels for immobilization of β-glucosidase. For this purpose, enzyme kinetics in hydrogels were determined, activity of immobilized enzymes was compared with that of free enzyme, and structures of silica and alginate hydrogels were characterized in terms of surface area and pore size. The addition of polyethylene oxide improved the mechanical strength of the silica gels and 68% of the initial activity of the enzyme was preserved after immobilizing into tetraethyl orthosilicate-polyethylene oxide matrix where the relative activity in alginate beads was 87%. The immobilized β-glucosidase was loaded into glass-silicon-glass microreactors and catalysis of 4-nitrophenyl β-d-glucopyranoside was carried out at various retention times (5, 10, and 15 min) to compare the performance of silica and alginate hydrogels as immobilization matrices. The results indicated that alginate hydrogels exhibited slightly better properties than silica, which can be utilized for biocatalysis in microfluidic platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslihan Kazan
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Marcel Heymuth
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - Dilan Karabulut
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Seref Akay
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Ece Yildiz-Ozturk
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Rabia Onbas
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Cahit Muderrisoglu
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Sayit Sargin
- Department of Bioengineering Faculty of Engineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
| | - Rene Heils
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
| | - Irina Smirnova
- Institute of Thermal Separation Processes Hamburg University of Technology Hamburg Germany
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Ouimet CM, D’Amico CI, Kennedy RT. Advances in capillary electrophoresis and the implications for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2017; 12:213-224. [PMID: 27911223 PMCID: PMC5521262 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2017.1268121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Many screening platforms are prone to assay interferences that can be avoided by directly measuring the target or enzymatic product. Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and microchip electrophoresis (MCE) have been applied in a variety of formats to drug discovery. CE provides direct detection of the product allowing for the identification of some forms of assay interference. The high efficiency, rapid separations, and low volume requirements make CE amenable to drug discovery. Areas covered: This article describes advances in capillary electrophoresis throughput, sample introduction, and target assays as they pertain to drug discovery and screening. Instrumental advances discussed include integrated droplet microfluidics platforms and multiplexed arrays. Applications of CE to assays of diverse drug discovery targets, including enzymes and affinity interactions are also described. Expert opinion: Current screening with CE does not fully take advantage of the throughputs or low sample volumes possible with CE and is most suitable as a secondary screening method or for screens that are inaccessible with more common platforms. With further development, droplet microfluidics coupled to MCE could take advantage of the low sample requirements by performing assays on the nanoliter scale at high throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M. Ouimet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Cara I. D’Amico
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Robert T. Kennedy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N. University Ave, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
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Liu W, Al-Oweini R, Meadows K, Bassil BS, Lin Z, Christian JH, Dalal NS, Bossoh AM, Mbomekallé IM, de Oliveira P, Iqbal J, Kortz U. Cr III-Substituted Heteropoly-16-Tungstates [Cr III2(B-β-X IVW 8O 31) 2] 14- (X = Si, Ge): Magnetic, Biological, and Electrochemical Studies. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10936-10946. [PMID: 27768287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dichromium(III)-containing heteropoly-16-tungstates [CrIII2(B-β-SiIVW8O31)2]14- (1) and [CrIII2(B-β-GeIVW8O31)2]14- (2) were prepared via a one-pot reaction of the composing elements in aqueous, basic medium. Polyanions 1 and 2 represent the first examples of CrIII-containing heteropolytungstates comprising the octatungstate unit {XW8O31} (X = Si, Ge). Magnetic studies demonstrated that, in the solid state, the two polyanions exhibit a weak antiferromagnetic interaction between the two CrIII centers with J = -3.5 ± 0.5 cm-1, with no long-range ordering down to 1.8 K. The ground-state spin of polyanions 1 and 2 was thus deduced to be 0, but the detection of a complex set of EPR signals implies that there are thermally accessible excited states containing unpaired spins resulting from the two S = 3/2 CrIII ions. A comprehensive electrochemistry study on 1 and 2 in solution was performed, and biological tests showed that both polyanions display significant antidiabetic and anticancer activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Liu
- Jacobs University , Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, P.O. Box 750561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Rami Al-Oweini
- Jacobs University , Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, P.O. Box 750561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Karen Meadows
- Jacobs University , Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, P.O. Box 750561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Bassem S Bassil
- Jacobs University , Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, P.O. Box 750561, 28725 Bremen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Balamand , P.O. Box 100, Tripoli, Lebanon
| | - Zhengguo Lin
- Jacobs University , Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, P.O. Box 750561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jonathan H Christian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - Naresh S Dalal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University , 95 Chieftan Way, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, United States
| | - A Martin Bossoh
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR8000 CNRS, Université Paris-Sud , Orsay F-91405, France.,Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny , 01 BP V34 Abidjan 01, Ivory Coast
| | - Israël M Mbomekallé
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR8000 CNRS, Université Paris-Sud , Orsay F-91405, France
| | - Pedro de Oliveira
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique, UMR8000 CNRS, Université Paris-Sud , Orsay F-91405, France
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Center for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology , Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- Jacobs University , Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, P.O. Box 750561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
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Qin YL, He W, Su M, Fang Z, Ouyang PK, Guo K. An efficient etherification of Ginkgol biloba extracts with fewer side effects in a micro-flow system. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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Liu C, Zhang X, Jing H, Miao Y, Zhao L, Han Y, Cui C. Research on drug-receptor interactions and prediction of drug activity via oriented immobilized receptor capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2016; 36:2433-41. [PMID: 26105113 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oriented covalent immobilized β2 -adrenergic receptor (β2 -AR) CE (OIRCE) was developed to determine the interactions between a set of natural extracts of Radix Paeoniae Rubra (NERPR) and β2 -AR, and to predict the activity of NERPR. The inner capillary surface is chemically bonded with stable β2 -AR coating via microwave-assisted technical synthesis. The modified capillaries were characterized via infrared spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, the bonding amounts of β2 -AR were first obtained via fluorescence spectroscopy method. In determining the amount of bonded β2 -AR, the regression equation A = 576 707C + 35.449 and the correlation coefficient 0.9995 were obtained. This result revealed an excellent linear relationship in the range of 2 × 10(-4) mg/mL to 1 × 10(-3) mg/mL. The normalized capacity factor (KRCE ) was obtained using OIRCE in evaluating drug-receptor interactions. Related theories and equations were used to calculate KRCE values from apparent migration times of a solute and EOF. The order of KRCE and the binding constant (Kb ) values between drugs and β2 -AR was well consistent. The results confirmed that the OIRCE and KRCE values can be effectually used to investigate drug-receptor interactions, and OIRCE has the potential to predict drug activity and to select leading compounds from natural chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Xuejiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Hui Jing
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yanqing Miao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Lingzhi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yan Han
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Cuixia Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, P. R. China
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35
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Ibrar A, Zaib S, Jabeen F, Iqbal J, Saeed A. Unraveling the Alkaline Phosphatase Inhibition, Anticancer, and Antileishmanial Potential of Coumarin-Triazolothiadiazine Hybrids: Design, Synthesis, and Molecular Docking Analysis. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2016; 349:553-65. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad Pakistan
| | - Farukh Jabeen
- Department of Chemistry, Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds; University of Florida; Gainesville FL USA
- Center for Computationally Assisted Science and Technology; North Dakota State University; Fargo ND USA
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research; COMSATS Institute of Information Technology; Abbottabad Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid-i-Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
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36
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Yang Y, Su P, Zheng K, Wang T, Song J, Yang Y. A self-directed and reconstructible immobilization strategy: DNA directed immobilization of alkaline phosphatase for enzyme inhibition assays. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra01621a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A DNA-directed immobilization technique is used to develop a common method for the reversible and self-directed immobilization of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Ping Su
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Kangle Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
| | - Yi Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmentally Harmful Chemical Analysis
- College of Science
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- P. R. China
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37
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Sultana K, Zaib S, Hassan Khan NU, Khan I, Shahid K, Simpson J, Iqbal J. Exploiting the potential of aryl acetamide derived Zn(ii) complexes in medicinal chemistry: synthesis, structural analysis, assessment of biological profile and molecular docking studies. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj03531g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study reports an unprecedented series of aryl acetamide derived Zn(ii) complexes as frontline enzyme inhibitors as well as anticancer and anti-parasitic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | | | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad-45320
- Pakistan
| | - Khadija Shahid
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Riphah International University
- Islamabad-44000
- Pakistan
| | - Jim Simpson
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Otago
- Dunedin 9054
- New Zealand
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
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38
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39
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LIU DM, SHI YP, CHEN J. Application of Capillary Electrophoresis in Enzyme Inhibitors Screening. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(15)60826-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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40
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Application of capillary enzyme micro-reactor in enzyme activity and inhibitors studies of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 990:174-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Shah HS, Joshi SA, Haider A, Kortz U, ur-Rehman N, Iqbal J. Synthesis of chitosan-coated polyoxometalate nanoparticles against cancer and its metastasis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18489d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HeLa cells, before and after treatment with nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Saeed Shah
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research
- Department of Pharmacy COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad
- Pakistan
| | - Sachin A. Joshi
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry
- Jacobs University
- 28725 Bremen
- Germany
- Dr. K. C. Patel Research and Development Centre
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry
- Jacobs University
- 28725 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry
- Jacobs University
- 28725 Bremen
- Germany
| | - Nisar ur-Rehman
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research
- Department of Pharmacy COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad
- Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research
- Department of Pharmacy COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad
- Pakistan
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42
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Ibrar A, Zaib S, Khan I, Jabeen F, Iqbal J, Saeed A. Facile and expedient access to bis-coumarin–iminothiazole hybrids by molecular hybridization approach: synthesis, molecular modelling and assessment of alkaline phosphatase inhibition, anticancer and antileishmanial potential. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14900b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of new cytotoxic bis-coumarin–iminothiazole hybrids was developed as potential inhibitors of alkaline phosphatase and leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliya Ibrar
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad-45320
- Pakistan
| | - Sumera Zaib
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Imtiaz Khan
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad-45320
- Pakistan
| | - Farukh Jabeen
- Florida Center for Heterocyclic Compounds
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Florida
- USA
- Center for Computationally Assisted Science and Technology
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research
- COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
- Abbottabad-22060
- Pakistan
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry
- Quaid-i-Azam University
- Islamabad-45320
- Pakistan
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43
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Wang H, Xu W, Cao J, Wang W. Rapid screening of aminopeptidase N inhibitors by capillary electrophoresis with electrophoretically mediated microanalysis. Electrophoresis 2014; 36:319-25. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hairong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
| | - Wenfang Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
| | - Jiangying Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
| | - Weihong Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Shandong University; Jinan P. R. China
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44
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Song Z, Kwok RTK, Zhao E, He Z, Hong Y, Lam JWY, Liu B, Tang BZ. A ratiometric fluorescent probe based on ESIPT and AIE processes for alkaline phosphatase activity assay and visualization in living cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:17245-54. [PMID: 25208827 DOI: 10.1021/am505150d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity is regarded as an important biomarker in medical diagnosis. A ratiometric fluorescent probe is developed based on a phosphorylated chalcone derivative for ALP activity assay and visualization in living cells. The probe is soluble in water and emits greenish-yellow in aqueous buffers. In the presence of ALP, the emission of probe changes to deep red gradually with ratiometric fluorescent response due to formation and aggregation of enzymatic product, whose fluorescence involves both excited-state intramolecular proton transfer and aggregation-induced emission processes. The linear ratiometric fluorescent response enables in vitro quantification of ALP activity in a range of 0-150 mU/mL with a detection limit of 0.15 mU/mL. The probe also shows excellent biocompatibility, which enables it to apply in ALP mapping in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhegang Song
- HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute , No. 9 Yuexing First RD, South Area, Hi-Tech Park, Nanshan, Shenzhen, China 518057
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45
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Shah HS, Al-Oweini R, Haider A, Kortz U, Iqbal J. Cytotoxicity and enzyme inhibition studies of polyoxometalates and their chitosan nanoassemblies. Toxicol Rep 2014; 1:341-352. [PMID: 28962250 PMCID: PMC5598103 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyoxometalates (POMs) have become very significant in biomedical research for their structural diversity which renders them highly active against bacterial, viral and cancer diseases. In this study three different POMs were synthesized and nanoassemblies were made with chitosan (CTS), a natural biodegradable polymer with excellent drug carrier properties. The compounds were tested on two isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatases including tissue specific calf intestine alkaline phosphatase (CIAP) and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP). Compound [TeW6O24]6− (TeW6) showed the highest activity (45.4 ± 11.3 nM) among tested compounds against TNAP. Similarly, chitosan-[TeW6O24]6− (CTS-TeW6) was proved to be a potent inhibitor of CIAP with Ki value of 22 ± 7 nM. A comparative study was made to evaluate their cytotoxic potential against HeLa cells. Among all tested compounds, Chitosan-[NaP5W30O110]14− (CTS-P5W30) has showed higher percent cytotoxicity (88 ± 10%) at 10 μM when compared with the standard anticancer drug vincristine (72 ± 7%). The study revealed that selected POMs proved excellent anticancer potential and were equally effective against alkaline phosphatase enzyme, an increased level of which may indicate cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Saeed Shah
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
| | - Rami Al-Oweini
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, P.O. Box 750 561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ali Haider
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, P.O. Box 750 561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Kortz
- School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University, P.O. Box 750 561, 28725 Bremen, Germany
| | - Jamshed Iqbal
- Centre for Advanced Drug Research, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad 22060, Pakistan
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46
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Hayat A, Gonca Bulbul, Andreescu S. Probing phosphatase activity using redox active nanoparticles: A novel colorimetric approach for the detection of enzyme activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 56:334-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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47
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Synthesis, crystal structure and biological evaluation of some novel 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazoles and 1,2,4-triazolo[3,4-b]-1,3,4-thiadiazines. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 78:167-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.03.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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48
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Lee SY, Müller CE. Large-volume sample stacking with polarity switching for monitoring of nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) reactions by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:855-63. [PMID: 24431193 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1) is a membrane glycoprotein involved in the hydrolysis of extracellular nucleotides. Its main substrate is ATP yielding AMP and pyrophosphate. NPP1 has been proposed as a novel drug target, for diabetes type 2 and the treatment of calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease leading to inflammatory arthritis. The monitoring of NPP1 reactions is difficult because its velocity is very slow requiring highly sensitive analytical procedures. In this study, a method of large-volume sample stacking with polarity switching was developed, and separations were optimized. Large sample volumes were loaded by hydrodynamic injection (5 psi, 13 s) followed by removal of a large plug of sample matrix from the capillary using polarity switching (-10 kV). The stacked analytes were subsequently separated in phosphate buffer (100 mM, pH 9.2) at 20 kV. The validated method was found to be linear (R(2) = 0.9927) in the concentration range of 0.05-50 μM of AMP, with high accuracy and precision. The determined LOD and LOQ of AMP were 18 nM and 60 nM, respectively. Compared to a previously reported CE procedure using sweeping technique, a fivefold improvement of sensitivity was achieved. Moreover, the new technique was faster, and reproducibility of migration times was improved (RSD value = 1.2%). Importantly, adenine nucleotide analogs and derivatives tested as NPP1 inhibitors could be completely separated from the substrate ATP and the enzymatic product AMP. The method was applied to NPP1 inhibition assays investigating nucleotide-derived inhibitors in the presence of ATP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yong Lee
- PharmaCenter Bonn, Pharmaceutical Institute, Pharmaceutical Chemistry I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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49
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Yin Z, Zhao W, Tian M, Zhang Q, Guo L, Yang L. A capillary electrophoresis-based immobilized enzyme reactor using graphene oxide as a support via layer by layer electrostatic assembly. Analyst 2014; 139:1973-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an02241b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Using graphene oxide as an enzyme support, we developed a novel CE-based microreactor via layer-by-layer electrostatic assembly, which can be used for accurate on-line analysis and characterization of peptides and proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengri Yin
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Zhao
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Liping Guo
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Li Yang
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Northeast Normal University
- Changchun, P. R. China
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50
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Screening α-glucosidase inhibitor from natural products by capillary electrophoresis with immobilised enzyme onto polymer monolith modified by gold nanoparticles. Food Chem 2013; 141:1854-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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