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Xiong X, Zeng M, Peng X, Feng C, Li C, Weng W, Li Y. Serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) as predictors of childhood neuroblastoma relapse. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:670. [PMID: 37460933 PMCID: PMC10351183 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11159-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroblastoma (NB) is a childhood malignant tumor,50% of high-risk NB children still have recurrence, and the long-term survival rate is very low. NB tumors expressing high levels of BDNF/TrkB are associated with poor survival outcomes.In this study, we show that the trends of serum concentration of BDNF at different growth stages after birth, and explore the relationship with NB replase. METHODS In experiment 1, 87 subjects were enrolled and divided into four groups, neonates group、 children group、adults group and NB patients. The distribution of serum concentration of BDNF by ELISA. In experiment 2, we studied BDNF in stage 4 NB patients to determine their frequency, correlation with clinical parameters, and prognostic impact. RESULTS First, we identified that serum BDNF concentration decreased from the newborn to childhood in healthy subjects, while it was relatively high in children(age > 1 year) with NB. In the second phase our studies showed no significant increase in serum BDNF concentration in these NB patients, with adverse pathologic features, large tumor maximum diameter, and MYCN amplification. After comprehensive treatment, levels of BDNF gradually increased in children with recurrence and decreased in the remission group. High serum BDNF concentration was associated with relapse. Of 21 stage 4 neuroblastoma patients, adopted a comprehensive treatment approach including ATO-basic modified chemotherapy, traditional radiotherapy,stem cell transplatation and immunotherapy. 76% of alive patients having > 3 years follow-up. CONCLUSION The aim is to show that BDNF is a predictor of recurrence risk of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Xiong
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre of Pediatric, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No 107 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Meiling Zeng
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre of Pediatric, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No 107 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Xiaomin Peng
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre of Pediatric, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No 107 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Chuchu Feng
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre of Pediatric, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No 107 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Chunmou Li
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre of Pediatric, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No 107 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Wenjun Weng
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre of Pediatric, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No 107 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Oncology, Medical Centre of Pediatric, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, No 107 Yanjiang Road, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China.
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2
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Liu J, Liu Z, Yan W, Yang H, Fang S, Deng S, Wen Y, Shen P, Li Y, Hou R, Liu X, Huang T, Li R, Zheng D, Liu Z, Fang W. ENKUR recruits FBXW7 to ubiquitinate and degrade MYH9 and further suppress MYH9‐induced deubiquitination of β‐catenin to block gastric cancer metastasis. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e185. [DOI: 10.1002/mco2.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhan Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology Hunan People's Hospital Changsha P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Yan
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Huiling Yang
- School of Pharmacy Guangdong Medical University Dongguan P.R. China
| | - Shiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
- School of Public Health University of South China Hengyang P. R. China
| | - Shuting Deng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Yinghao Wen
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Peng Shen
- Oncology Department Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Yonghao Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Rentao Hou
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Xiong Liu
- Oncology Department Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Rong Li
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Dayong Zheng
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhen Liu
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation Basic School of Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
| | - Weiyi Fang
- Cancer Center, Integrated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou P. R. China
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3
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Santarelli DM, Carroll AP, Cairns HM, Tooney PA, Cairns MJ. Schizophrenia-associated MicroRNA-Gene Interactions in the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2020; 17:623-634. [PMID: 32006661 PMCID: PMC7212302 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia-associated anomalies in gene expression in postmortem brain can be attributed to a combination of genetic and environmental influences. Given the small effect size of common variants, it is likely that we may only see the combined impact of some of these at the pathway level in small postmortem studies. At the gene level, however, there may be more impact from common environmental exposures mediated by influential epigenomic modifiers, such as microRNA (miRNA). We hypothesise that dysregulation of miRNAs and their alteration of gene expression have significant implications in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this study, we integrate changes in cortical gene and miRNA expression to identify regulatory interactions and networks associated with the disorder. Gene expression analysis in post-mortem prefrontal dorsolateral cortex (BA 46) (n = 74 matched pairs of schizophrenia, schizoaffective, and control samples) was integrated with miRNA expression in the same cohort to identify gene-miRNA regulatory networks. A significant gene-miRNA interaction network was identified, including miR-92a, miR-495, and miR-134, which converged with differentially expressed genes in pathways involved in neurodevelopment and oligodendrocyte function. The capacity for miRNA to directly regulate gene expression through respective binding sites in BCL11A, PLP1, and SYT11 was also confirmed to support the biological relevance of this integrated network model. The observations in this study support the hypothesis that miRNA dysregulation is an important factor in the complex pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle M Santarelli
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Adam P Carroll
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Heath M Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Paul A Tooney
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Murray J Cairns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia.
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4
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Jungnickel MK, Sutton KA, Baker MA, Cohen MG, Sanderson MJ, Florman HM. The flagellar protein Enkurin is required for mouse sperm motility and for transport through the female reproductive tract. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:789-797. [PMID: 29733335 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Enkurin was identified initially in mouse sperm where it was suggested to act as an intracellular adaptor protein linking membrane calcium influx to intracellular signaling pathways. In order to examine the function of this protein, a targeted mutation was introduced into the mouse Enkurin gene. Males that were homozygous for this mutated allele were subfertile. This was associated with lower rates of sperm transport in the female reproductive tract, including reduced entry into the oviduct and slower migration to the site of fertilization in the distal oviduct, and with poor progressive motility in vitro. Flagella from wild-type animals exhibited symmetrical bending and progressive motility in culture medium, and demembranated flagella exhibited the "curlicue" response to Ca2+ in vitro. In contrast, flagella of mice homozygous for the mutated allele displayed only asymmetric bending, nonprogressive motility, and a loss of Ca2+-responsiveness following demembrantion. We propose that Enkurin is part of a flagellar Ca2+-sensor that regulates bending and that the motility defects following mutation of the locus are the proximate cause of subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Jungnickel
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keith A Sutton
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mark A Baker
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael G Cohen
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Michael J Sanderson
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Harvey M Florman
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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miRNAs in depression vulnerability and resilience: novel targets for preventive strategies. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2019; 126:1241-1258. [PMID: 31350592 PMCID: PMC6746676 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-019-02048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The exposure to stressful experiences during the prenatal period and through the first years of life is known to affect the brain developmental trajectories, leading to an enhanced vulnerability for the development of several psychiatric disorders later in life. However, not all the subjects exposed to the same stressful experience develop a pathologic condition, as some of them, activating coping strategies, become more resilient. The disclosure of mechanisms associated with stress vulnerability or resilience may allow the identification of novel biological processes and potential molecules that, if properly targeted, may prevent susceptibility or potentiate resilience. Over the last years, miRNAs have been proposed as one of the epigenetic mechanisms mediating the long-lasting effects of stress. Accordingly, they are associated with the development of stress vulnerability or resilience-related strategies. Moreover, miRNAs have been proposed as possible biomarkers able to identify subjects at high risk to develop depression and to predict the response to pharmacological treatments. In this review, we aimed to provide an overview of findings from studies in rodents and humans focused on the involvement of miRNAs in the mechanisms of stress response with the final goal to identify distinct sets of miRNAs involved in stress vulnerability or resilience. In addition, we reviewed studies on alterations of miRNAs in the context of depression, showing data on the involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of the disease and in the efficacy of pharmacological treatments, discussing the potential utility of miRNAs as peripheral biomarkers able to predict the treatment response.
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Wu Q, Tang W, Luo Z, Li Y, Shu Y, Yue Z, Xiao B, Feng L. DISC1 Regulates the Proliferation and Migration of Mouse Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells through Pax5, Sox2, Dll1 and Neurog2. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:261. [PMID: 28900388 PMCID: PMC5581844 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) regulates neurogenesis and is a genetic risk factor for major psychiatric disorders. However, how DISC1 dysfunction affects neurogenesis and cell cycle progression at the molecular level is still unknown. Here, we investigated the role of DISC1 in regulating proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in mouse neural stem/progenitor cells (MNSPCs) in vitro. Methods: MNSPCs were isolated and cultured from mouse fetal hippocampi. Retroviral vectors or siRNAs were used to manipulate DISC1 expression in MNSPCs. Proliferation, migration, cell cycle progression and apoptosis of altered MNSPCs were analyzed in cell proliferation assays (MTS), transwell system and flow cytometry. A neurogenesis specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array was used to identify genes downstream of DISC1, and functional analysis was performed through transfection of expression plasmids and siRNAs. Results: Loss of DISC1 reduced proliferation and migration of MNSPCs, while an increase in DISC1 led to increased proliferation and migration. Meanwhile, an increase in the proportion of cells in G0/G1 phase was concomitant with reduced levels of DISC1, but significant changes were not observed in the number MNSPCs undergoing apoptosis. Paired box gene 5 (Pax5), sex determining region Y-box 2 (Sox2), delta-like1 (Dll1) and Neurogenin2 (Neurog2) emerged as candidate molecules downstream of DISC1, and rescue experiments demonstrated that increased or decreased expression of either molecule regulated proliferation and migration in DISC1-altered MNSPCs. Conclusion: These results suggest that Pax5, Sox2, Dll1 and Neurog2 mediate DISC1 activity in MNSPC proliferation and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical UniversityKunming, China
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Weiting Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Zhaohui Luo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical SchoolWorcester, MA, United States
| | - Yi Shu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Zongwei Yue
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, United States
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7
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Looney AM, Ahearne CE, Hallberg B, Boylan GB, Murray DM. Downstream mRNA Target Analysis in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy Identifies Novel Marker of Severe Injury: a Proof of Concept Paper. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:8420-8428. [PMID: 27957679 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0330-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Human microRNA miR-374a is downregulated in the umbilical cord blood (UCB) of infants with hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). The downstream targets of this microRNA (miRNA) are unclear, but one putative target is the activin-A receptor type IIb (ACVR2B). ACVR2B is required for activin-A function and previous reports have shown alterations of activin-A levels in neonatal HIE. Our aim was to investigate the expression of the potential downstream targets of miR-374a, activin-A and ACVR2B, at birth in a cohort of full-term infants with perinatal asphyxia (PA) only, and those with PA who developed clinical and electrographic HIE. UCB was drawn and processed immediately after delivery. Levels of serum activin-A were measured using ELISA. mRNA levels of ACVR2B in whole blood were quantified using qRT-PCR. Outcome was assessed at 3 years of age using standardised developmental assessment. In total, 171 infants were enrolled: 88 healthy controls, 56 PA and 27 HIE. A statistically significant elevation of median (IQR) ACVR2B was detected in infants with severe HIE compared to moderate/mild HIE, PA and control groups (3.3 (2.94-3.67) vs. 0.91 (0.55-1.21) vs. 0.88 (0.57-1.38) vs. 0.84 (0.74-1.24), p values = 0.04, 0.027 and 0.025, respectively). Although serum activin-A levels were elevated in infants with severe HIE, this elevation did not reach significance. ACVR2B may be a potential novel marker of HIE severity. This is the first study to examine the relationship between activin-A, its receptor AVCR2B and potentially upstream miRNA miR-374a in a cohort of carefully categorised and phenotyped infants. We have shown that miRNA analysis, combined with downstream target exploration, may yield novel biomarkers for the prediction of HIE severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Looney
- Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
| | - C E Ahearne
- Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - B Hallberg
- Neonatal Department, Karolinska Institutet and University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G B Boylan
- Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
| | - D M Murray
- Neonatal Brain Research Group, Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Cork University Maternity Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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Quinn RK, Brown AL, Goldie BJ, Levi EM, Dickson PW, Smith DW, Cairns MJ, Dayas CV. Distinct miRNA expression in dorsal striatal subregions is associated with risk for addiction in rats. Transl Psychiatry 2015; 5:e503. [PMID: 25646592 PMCID: PMC4445746 DOI: 10.1038/tp.2014.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we published data using an animal model that allowed us to characterize animals into two groups, addiction vulnerable and addiction resilient, where we identified that addiction/relapse vulnerability was associated with deficits in synaptic plasticity-associated gene expression in the dorsal striatum (DS). Notable was the strong reduction in expression for activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc) considered a master regulator of synaptic plasticity. In the present study, we confirmed that Arc messenger RNA was significantly decreased in the DS, but importantly, we identified that this reduction was restricted to the dorsomedial (DMS) and not dorsolateral striatum (DLS). There is recent evidence of microRNA (miRNA)-associated posttranscriptional suppression of Arc and animal models of addiction have identified a key role for miRNA in the regulation of addiction-relevant genes. In further support of this link, we identified several differentially expressed miRNA with the potential to influence addiction-relevant plasticity genes, including Arc. A key study recently reported that miR-212 expression is protective against compulsive cocaine-seeking. Supporting this hypothesis, we found that miR-212 expression was significantly reduced in the DMS but not DLS of addiction-vulnerable animals. Together, our data provide strong evidence that miRNA promote ongoing plasticity deficits in the DS of addiction-vulnerable animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Quinn
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - A L Brown
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - B J Goldie
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - E M Levi
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - P W Dickson
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - D W Smith
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - M J Cairns
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - C V Dayas
- Neurobiology of Addiction Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,The Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle and the Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia. E-mail:
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9
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Hollins SL, Goldie BJ, Carroll AP, Mason EA, Walker FR, Eyles DW, Cairns MJ. Ontogeny of small RNA in the regulation of mammalian brain development. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:777. [PMID: 25204312 PMCID: PMC4171549 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in coordinating messenger RNA (mRNA) transcription and stability in almost all known biological processes, including the development of the central nervous system. Despite our broad understanding of their involvement, we still have a very sparse understanding of specifically how miRNA contribute to the strict regional and temporal regulation of brain development. Accordingly, in the current study we have examined the contribution of miRNA in the developing rat telencephalon and mesencephalon from just after neural tube closure till birth using a genome-wide microarray strategy. RESULTS We identified temporally distinct expression patterns in both the telencephalon and mesencephalon for both miRNAs and their target genes. We demonstrate direct miRNA targeting of several genes involved with the migration, differentiation and maturation of neurons. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that miRNA have significant implications for the development of neural structure and support important mechanisms that if disrupted, may contribute to or drive neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon L Hollins
- />School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, the University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia
- />Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Belinda J Goldie
- />School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, the University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia
- />Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305 Australia
- />Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Adam P Carroll
- />School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, the University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia
- />Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Elizabeth A Mason
- />Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072 Australia
| | - Frederick R Walker
- />School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, the University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia
- />Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305 Australia
| | - Darryl W Eyles
- />Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072 Australia
- />Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, Wacol, Qld, 4076 Australia
| | - Murray J Cairns
- />School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, the University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308 Australia
- />Centre for Translational Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW 2305 Australia
- />Schizophrenia Research Institute, Sydney, NSW Australia
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Carroll AP, Goodall GJ, Liu B. Understanding principles of miRNA target recognition and function through integrated biological and bioinformatics approaches. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2014; 5:361-79. [PMID: 24459110 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In recent times, microRNA (miRNA) have emerged as primary regulators of fundamental biological processes including cellular differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, as well as synaptic plasticity. However, miRNAs bind their targets with only partial complementarity, making it very challenging to determine exactly how a miRNA is functioning in specific biological environments. This review discusses key principles of miRNA target recognition and function which have emerged through the progressive advancement of biological and bioinformatics approaches. Ultimately, the integration of gene expression and biochemical methods with sequence- and systems-based bioinformatics approaches will reveal profound insights regarding the importance of target contextual features in determining miRNA target recognition and regulatory outcome, as well as the importance of RNA interaction networks in enabling miRNA to regulate different target genes and functions in specific biological contexts. There is therefore a demand for the elegant design of future experiments such that principles of context-specific miRNA target recognition and regulatory outcome can be accurately modeled in normal developmental and disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam P Carroll
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
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11
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Genome-wide mRNA and miRNA analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) reveals different miRNAs regulating HIV/HCV co-infection. Virology 2014; 450-451:336-49. [PMID: 24503097 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2013.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Revised: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is common due to shared transmission routes. The genomic basis of HIV/HCV co-infection and its regulation by microRNA (miRNA) is unknown. Therefore, our objective was to investigate genome-wide mRNA expression and its regulation by miRNA in primary PBMCs derived from 27 patients (5 HCV - mono-infected, 5 HIV-mono-infected, 12 HCV/HIV co-infected, and 5 healthy controls). This revealed 27 miRNAs and 476 mRNAs as differentially expressed (DE) in HCV/HIV co-infection when compared to controls (adj p<0.05). Our study shows the first evidence of miRNAs specific for co-infection, several of which are correlated with key gene targets demonstrating functional relationships to pathways in cancer, immune-function, and metabolism. Notable was the up regulation of HCV-specific miR-122 in co-infection (FC>50, p=4.02E-06), which may have clinical/biological implications.
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