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Hormetic-like dose-response induced by alternagin-C, a protein isolated from urutu snake (Rhinocerophis alternatus) venom, in fish (Hoplias malabaricus) cardiac contractility. Toxicon 2022; 205:67-70. [PMID: 34838810 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2021.11.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of different doses of alternagin-C, a disintegrin-like protein from Rhinocerophis alternatus venom, on myocardial contractility of the freshwater fish Hoplias malabaricus, an alternative model to contractile function studies. Alternagin-C treatment exhibited a hormetic-like dose-response curve with a strong positive inotropism and enhanced cardiac pumping capacity at low dose, whereas a modest inotropism and a left shift in the force-frequency relationship was registered at high dose.
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2
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Ferreira BA, De Moura FBR, Tomiosso TC, Corrêa NCR, Goulart LR, Barcelos LS, Clissa PB, Araújo FDA. Jararhagin-C, a disintegrin-like protein, improves wound healing in mice through stimulation of M2-like macrophage, angiogenesis and collagen deposition. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 101:108224. [PMID: 34655846 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Jararhagin-C (Jar-C) is a disintegrin-like protein, isolated from the venom of B. jararaca, with affinity for α2β1 integrin and the ability to incite processes such as angiogenesis and collagen deposition in vivo. Thus, we raised the hypothesis that this protein could be used as a therapeutic strategy for stimulating the healing of excisional wounds in mice. Four wounds were made on the back of Swiss mice, treated with daily intradermal injections of PBS (control group) or Jar-C (200 ng). Ten animals from each experimental group were euthanized and the tissue from the wounds and skin around them were collected for further biochemical, histological and molecular analysis. Wounds treated with Jar-C showed a faster closure rate, accompanied by a reduction in neutrophil infiltrate (MPO), pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF, CXCL1 and CCL2) and an accumulation of macrophages in the analyzed tissues. It was also observed a greater expression of genes associated with the phenotype of alternatively activated macrophages (M2). Concomitantly, the administration of Jar-C holds an angiogenic potential, increasing the density of blood vessels and the synthesis of pro-angiogenic cytokines (VEGF and FGF). We also observed an increase in collagen deposition, accompanied by higher levels of the pro-fibrogenic cytokine TGF-β1. Our data suggests Jar-C stimulates wound healing through stimulation of M2-like macrophage, angiogenesis and collagen deposition. Jar-C may be explored as a therapeutic strategy for wound healing, including the treatment of chronic wounds, where processes such as inflammation, angiogenesis and the deposition / remodeling of the matrix constituents are unregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Antonio Ferreira
- Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Francyelle Borges Rosa De Moura
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Carla Tomiosso
- Department of Cell Biology, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biotechnology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California-Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Lucíola Silva Barcelos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda de Assis Araújo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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3
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Functional Mining of the Crotalus Spp. Venom Protease Repertoire Reveals Potential for Chronic Wound Therapeutics. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153401. [PMID: 32731325 PMCID: PMC7435869 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic wounds are a major health problem that cause millions of dollars in expenses every year. Among all the treatments used, active wound treatments such as enzymatic treatments represent a cheaper and specific option with a fast growth category in the market. In particular, bacterial and plant proteases have been employed due to their homology to human proteases, which drive the normal wound healing process. However, the use of these proteases has demonstrated results with low reproducibility. Therefore, alternative sources of proteases such as snake venom have been proposed. Here, we performed a functional mining of proteases from rattlesnakes (Crotalus ornatus, C. molossus nigrescens, C. scutulatus, and C. atrox) due to their high protease predominance and similarity to native proteases. To characterize Crotalus spp. Proteases, we performed different protease assays to measure and confirm the presence of metalloproteases and serine proteases, such as the universal protease assay and zymography, using several substrates such as gelatin, casein, hemoglobin, L-TAME, fibrinogen, and fibrin. We found that all our venom extracts degraded casein, gelatin, L-TAME, fibrinogen, and fibrin, but not hemoglobin. Crotalus ornatus and C. m. nigrescens extracts were the most proteolytic venoms among the samples. Particularly, C. ornatus predominantly possessed low molecular weight proteases (P-I metalloproteases). Our results demonstrated the presence of metalloproteases capable of degrading gelatin (a collagen derivative) and fibrin clots, whereas serine proteases were capable of degrading fibrinogen-generating fibrin clots, mimicking thrombin activity. Moreover, we demonstrated that Crotalus spp. are a valuable source of proteases that can aid chronic wound-healing treatments.
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Dos Santos PK, Altei WF, Danilucci TM, Lino RLB, Pachane BC, Nunes ACC, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Alternagin-C (ALT-C), a disintegrin-like protein, attenuates alpha2beta1 integrin and VEGF receptor 2 signaling resulting in angiogenesis inhibition. Biochimie 2020; 174:144-158. [PMID: 32360415 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis, a crucial process in tumor progression, is mainly regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor, VEGFR2. Studies have shown the interaction between α2β1 integrin, a collagen receptor, and VEGFR2 in VEGF-driven angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Alternagin-C (ALT-C), an ECD-disintegrin-like protein from Bothrops alternatus snake venom, has high affinity for α2β1 integrin and shows antiangiogenic activity in concentrations higher than 100 nM. Despite previous results, its mechanism of action on angiogenic signaling pathways has not been addressed. Here we evaluate the antiangiogenic activity of ALT-C in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) associated or not with VEGF, as well as its interference in the α2β1/VEGFR2 crosstalk. ALT-C (1000 nM) affected actin cytoskeleton, decreased the number of cell filopodia, and strongly inhibited HUVEC tube formation, adhesion to type I collagen and cell migration. Down-regulation of α2β1/VEGFR2 crosstalk by ALT-C decreased the protein content and phosphorylation of VEGFR2 and β1 integrin subunit, inhibited ERK 1/2 and PI3K signaling and regulated FAK/Src and paxillin pathways. Furthermore, ALT-C increased the content of the autophagic markers LC3B and Beclin-1 in the presence of VEGF, which is associated with decreased angiogenesis. In conclusion, we suggest that ALT-C, after binding to α2β1 integrin, inhibits VEGF/VEGFR2 signaling, which results in impaired angiogenesis. These results demonstrate that ALT-C may be a potential candidate for the development of antiangiogenic therapies for tumor and metastasis treatment and help to understand the complexity and fundamental role of integrin inhibition in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patty K Dos Santos
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Wanessa F Altei
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Taís M Danilucci
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Rafael L B Lino
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Bianca C Pachane
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ana C C Nunes
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Heloisa S Selistre-de-Araujo
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís, km 235 - SP-310 - São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13565-905, Brazil
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5
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Rabelo LFG, Ferreira BA, Deconte SR, Tomiosso TC, Dos Santos PK, Andrade SP, Selistre de Araújo HS, Araújo FDA. Alternagin-C, a disintegrin-like protein from Bothrops alternatus venom, attenuates inflammation and angiogenesis and stimulates collagen deposition of sponge-induced fibrovascular tissue in mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:653-660. [PMID: 31442506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alternagin-C (ALT-C), a disintegrin-like protein obtained from the venom of Bothrops alternatus, is able to modulate cellular behaviors such as adhesion, migration and proliferation, as well as the production of various growth factors via α2β1 integrin, important processes during inflammation, angiogenesis and fibrogenesis, which although appear as distinct events, act concomitantly in several chronic inflammatory diseases. Our objective was to investigate the effects of ALT-C on components of the sponge-induced inflammatory response in balb/c mice. The polyester-polyurethane sponges were implanted in mice's subcutaneous layer of the dorsal region and daily injected with saline (control group) or ALT-C (10, 100 or 1000 ng). Nine days after implantation the implants were removed and processed. ALT-C inhibited the inflammatory response, observed through mast cell reduction, NAG-activity and also by the inhibition of TNF-α, CXCL-1 and CCL2/JE/MCP-1 cytokines. ALT-C was also able to reduce hemoglobin content, number of vessels and the concentrations of VEGF and FGF cytokines. Finally, at its highest dose (1000 ng), ALT-C increased all evaluated markers associated with fibrogenesis (collagen production and TGF-β1 levels). All these factors reveal that ALT-C is a strong candidate to be exploited in the development of anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic therapies in chronic inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Gonçalves Rabelo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno Antonio Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
| | - Simone Ramos Deconte
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Carla Tomiosso
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Silvia Passos Andrade
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda de Assis Araújo
- Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, UFU, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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6
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Monteiro DA, Kalinin AL, Selistre-de-Araújo HS, Nogueira LAN, Beletti ME, Fernandes MN, Rantin FT. Cardioprotective effects of alternagin-C (ALT-C), a disintegrin-like protein from Rhinocerophis alternatus snake venom, on hypoxia-reoxygenation-induced injury in fish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 215:67-75. [PMID: 30352307 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Alternagin-C (ALT-C) is a disintegrin-like peptide purified from Rhinocerophis alternatus snake venom with the property of inducing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, endothelial cell proliferation and migration, and angiogenesis. Therefore, this protein could be interesting as a new approach for ischemic heart diseases, an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand, leading to cardiac dysfunction. We investigated the effects of a single dose of alternagin-C (0.5 mg kg-1, via intra-arterial), after 7 days, on hypoxia/reoxygenation challenge in isolated ventricle strips and on morphological changes and density of blood vessels of the heart, using fish as an alternative experimental model. ALT-C treatment provided protection of cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced negative inotropism. ALT-C also stimulated angiogenesis and improved excitation-contraction coupling during hypoxic conditions. Our results provide a new insight into a functional role of ALT-C against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced cardiomyocyte injury pointing out to a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemia-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Monteiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A L Kalinin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H S Selistre-de-Araújo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L A N Nogueira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - M E Beletti
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - M N Fernandes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F T Rantin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Danggui Buxue Extract-Loaded Liposomes in Thermosensitive Gel Enhance In Vivo Dermal Wound Healing via Activation of the VEGF/PI3K/Akt and TGF- β/Smads Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:8407249. [PMID: 29292400 PMCID: PMC5674729 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8407249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Danggui Buxue extract-loaded liposomes in thermosensitive gel (DBLTG) are a sustained-release local drug delivery system derived from Danggui Buxue decoction, a well-known Chinese herb formula with wound healing potential. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of DBLTG on dorsal full-thickness excisional wounds in rats by measuring the percentage of wound contraction and hydroxyproline content, as well as conducting histological observations and immunohistochemical analysis. We also assessed involvement of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/Smads signaling pathways in the wound healing process upon DBLTG treatment via western blot. The results show that DBLTG treatment remarkably accelerates wound closure, enhances hydroxyproline content in wound granulation tissue, promotes cutaneous wound healing by reducing the inflammatory response and improving fresh granulation tissue formation, and significantly increases the density of blood vessels, cells proliferation, and expression of type I and type III collagen. Moreover, DBLTG markedly upregulates the relative protein expression of VEGFA and TGF-β1 and notably stimulates the phosphorylation of Akt and Smad2/3. In conclusion, DBLTG significantly improved dermal wound healing in rats by stimulating angiogenesis and collagen synthesis; these effects are likely mediated via the VEGF/PI3K/Akt and TGF-β/Smads signaling pathways, respectively.
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Monteiro DA, Selistre-de-Araújo HS, Tavares D, Fernandes MN, Kalinin AL, Rantin FT. Alternagin-C (ALT-C), a Disintegrin-Like Cys-Rich Protein Isolated from the Venom of the Snake Rhinocerophis alternatus, Stimulates Angiogenesis and Antioxidant Defenses in the Liver of Freshwater Fish, Hoplias malabaricus. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9100307. [PMID: 28956818 PMCID: PMC5666354 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9100307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternagin-C (ALT-C) is a disintegrin-like protein isolated from Rhinocerophis alternatus snake venom, which induces endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the systemic effects of a single dose of alternagin-C (0.5 mg·kg−1, via intra-arterial) on oxidative stress biomarkers, histological alterations, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, and the degree of vascularization in the liver of the freshwater fish traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, seven days after the initiation of therapy. ALT-C treatment increased VEGF levels and hepatic angiogenesis. ALT-C also enhanced hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase, decreasing the basal oxidative damage to lipids and proteins in the fish liver. These results indicate that ALT-C improved hepatic tissue and may play a crucial role in tissue regeneration mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Amaral Monteiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | | | - Driele Tavares
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Marisa Narciso Fernandes
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Ana Lúcia Kalinin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Francisco Tadeu Rantin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
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Matias MS, de Sousa BB, da Cunha Pereira DF, Dias EHV, Mamede CCN, de Queiroz MR, Silva ACA, Dantas NO, Soares AM, de Oliveira Costa J, de Oliveira F. BaltDC: purification, characterization and infrared spectroscopy of an antiplatelet DC protein isolated from Bothrops alternatus snake venom. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 2017; 23:36. [PMID: 28775739 PMCID: PMC5534087 DOI: 10.1186/s40409-017-0126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Snake venoms are a complex mixture of proteins, organic and inorganic compounds. Some of these proteins, enzymatic or non-enzymatic ones, are able to interact with platelet receptors, causing hemostatic disorders. The possible therapeutic potential of toxins with antiplatelet properties may arouse interest in the pharmacological areas. The present study aimed to purify and characterize an antiplatelet DC protein from Bothrops alternatus snake venom. Methods The protein, called BaltDC (DC protein from B. alternatus snake venom), was purified by a combination of ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel column and gel filtration on Sephadex G-75. The molecular mass was estimated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS-PAGE). The amino acid sequence of the N-terminal region was carried out by Edman degradation method. Platelet aggregation assays were performed in human platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Infrared (IR) spectroscopy was used in order to elucidate the interactions between BaltDC and platelet membrane. Results BaltDC ran as a single protein band on SDS-PAGE and showed apparent molecular mass of 32 kDa under reducing or non-reducing conditions. The N-terminal region of the purified protein revealed the amino acid sequence IISPPVCGNELLEVGEECDCGTPENCQNECCDA, which showed identity with other snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs). BaltDC was devoid of proteolytic, hemorrhagic, defibrinating or coagulant activities, but it showed a specific inhibitory effect on platelet aggregation induced by ristocetin and epinephrine in PRP. IR analysis spectra strongly suggests that PO32− groups, present in BaltDC, form hydrogen bonds with the PO2− groups present in the non-lipid portion of the membrane platelets. Conclusions BaltDC may be of medical interest since it was able to inhibit platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Santos Matias
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Bruna Barbosa de Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Déborah Fernanda da Cunha Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Edigar Henrique Vaz Dias
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil
| | - Carla Cristine Neves Mamede
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Monte Carmelo, MG Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Mayara Ribeiro de Queiroz
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | | | | | - Andreimar Martins Soares
- Center for the Study of Biomolecules Applied to Health (CEBio), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz - Rondônia) and Health Group, Federal University of Rondônia (UNIR), Porto Velho, RO Brazil.,University Center São Lucas (UniSL), Porto Velho, RO Brazil
| | - Júnia de Oliveira Costa
- Postgraduate Program in Genetics and Biochemistry, Institute of Genetics and Biochemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Triângulo Mineiro (IFTM), Campus Ituiutaba, Ituiutaba, MG Brazil
| | - Fábio de Oliveira
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, MG Brazil.,National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics (N-Biofar), Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
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de Oliveira SAM, Magalhães MR, de Oliveira LP, da Cunha LC. Identification of antinociceptive fraction of snake venom from Crotalus durissus collilineatus crotamine-negative and its acute toxicity evaluation. Toxicon 2016; 122:145-151. [PMID: 27720975 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The crude venom of the snake Crotalus durissus collilineatus (CDC) promotes neurological signs and symptoms in accidents involving humans and animals and the victims reports analgesia at the bite site, without tissue destruction. Studies shows that CDC has analgesic activity, among others. The crude venom is considered unsuitable for therapeutic purposes, with encouragement to the fractionation and purification of the same. Thus, the aim with CDC venom is: to perform fractionation by preparative HPLC; to test the antinociceptive activity of fractions and acute toxicity of active fractions. The CDC was fractionated on preparative HPLC-PDA (Oliveira et al., 2015) and the fractions were tested for their antinociceptive activity for writhing test by acetic acid (0.6%) in mice. For one of the fractions, which showed high analgesic effect both p.o. and i.p. routes, it evaluated the acute toxicity by the up and down method (OECD, 2001). In the fractionation by HPLC-PDA, CDC yielded 10 peaks (P1P10). SDS-PAGE showed that there was a good separation of components of the venom. All peaks were evaluated for their ability to reduce writhing, and the only one that apparently showed antinociceptive effect was Fr5 fraction (40 μg/kg). The Fr5 was able to reduce by 47% the number of contortions (i.p.) and 87% (p.o.), compared to control. The Fr5 fraction showed no morbidity and no mortality in the acute toxicity test (dose of 1000 μg/kg, p.o.); so it was not possible to estimate the LD50. According to the results, it can be stated that the venom and Fr5 of Crotalus durissus collilineatus snake of crotamine-negative type, may exhibit antinociceptive activity by suppressing nociception induced by acetic acid, suggesting it is related to effects on peripheral sites spinal and presents low acute toxicity values in experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayonara Ay More de Oliveira
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Tóxico-Farmacológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74.605-220 Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 74.605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - Marta Regina Magalhães
- Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 74.605-010 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Lilibete P de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Toxinologia, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasilia, 70910-900 Brasilia, DF, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos da Cunha
- Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas Tóxico-Farmacológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74.605-220 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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11
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A brief update on potential molecular mechanisms underlying antimicrobial and wound-healing potency of snake venom molecules. Biochem Pharmacol 2016; 115:1-9. [PMID: 26975619 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Infectious diseases remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A wide range of diverse, novel classes of natural antibiotics have been isolated from different snake species in the recent past. Snake venoms contain diverse groups of proteins with potent antibacterial activity against a wide range of human pathogens. Some snake venom molecules are pharmacologically attractive, as they possess promising broad-spectrum antibacterial activities. Furthermore, snake venom proteins (SVPs)/peptides also bind to integrins with high affinity, thereby inhibiting cell adhesion and accelerating wound healing in animal models. Thus, SVPs are a potential alternative to chemical antibiotics. The mode of action for many antibacterial peptides involves pore formation and disruption of the plasma membrane. This activity often includes modulation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation during skin wound healing. The NF-κB pathway negatively regulates the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smad pathway by inducing the expression of Smad7 and eventually reducing in vivo collagen production at the wound sites. In this context, SVPs that regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway may serve as potential targets for drug development.
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Monteiro DA, Kalinin AL, Selistre-de-Araujo HS, Vasconcelos ES, Rantin FT. Alternagin-C (ALT-C), a disintegrin-like protein from Rhinocerophis alternatus snake venom promotes positive inotropism and chronotropism in fish heart. Toxicon 2015; 110:1-11. [PMID: 26615089 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2015.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Alternagin-C (ALT-C) is a disintegrin-like protein purified from the venom of the snake, Rhinocerophis alternatus. Recent studies showed that ALT-C is able to induce vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, endothelial cell proliferation and migration, angiogenesis and to increase myoblast viability. This peptide, therefore, can play a crucial role in tissue regeneration mechanisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a single dose of alternagin-C (0.5 mg kg(-1), via intra-arterial) on in vitro cardiac function of the freshwater fish traíra, Hoplias malabaricus, after 7 days. ALT-C treatment increased the cardiac performance promoting: 1) significant increases in the contraction force and in the rates of contraction and relaxation with concomitant decreases in the values of time to the peak tension and time to half- and 90% relaxation; 2) improvement in the cardiac pumping capacity and maximal electrical stimulation frequency, shifting the optimum frequency curve upward and to the right; 3) increases in myocardial VEGF levels and expression of key Ca(2+)-cycling proteins such as SERCA (sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase), PLB (phospholamban), and NCX (Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger); 4) abolishment of the typical negative force-frequency relationship of fish myocardium. In conclusion, this study indicates that ALT-C improves cardiac function, by increasing Ca(2+) handling efficiency leading to a positive inotropism and chronotropism. The results suggest that ALT-C may lead to better cardiac output regulation indicating its potential application in therapies for cardiac contractile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Monteiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A L Kalinin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - H S Selistre-de-Araujo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - E S Vasconcelos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F T Rantin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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Oliveira CRD, Marqueti RDC, Cominetti MR, Douat ESV, Ribeiro JU, Pontes CLS, Borghi-Silva A, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Effects of blocking αvβ3 integrin by a recombinant RGD disintegrin on remodeling of wound healing after induction of incisional hernia in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 30:134-42. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502015002000008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/12/2015] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
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Novel phospholipase A2 inhibitors from python serum are potent peptide antibiotics. Biochimie 2015; 111:30-44. [PMID: 25583073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a vital role in defense against resistant bacteria. In this study, eight different AMPs synthesized from Python reticulatus serum protein were tested for bactericidal activity against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Burkholderia pseudomallei (KHW and TES strains), and Proteus vulgaris) using a disc-diffusion method (20 μg/disc). Among the tested peptides, phospholipase A2 inhibitory peptide (PIP)-18[59-76], β-Asp65-PIP[59-67], D-Ala66-PNT.II, and D60,65E-PIP[59-67] displayed the most potent bactericidal activity against all tested pathogens in a dose-dependent manner (100-6.8 μg/ml), with a remarkable activity noted against S. aureus at 6.8 μg/ml dose within 6 h of incubation. Determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) by a micro-broth dilution method at 100-3.125 μg/ml revealed that PIP-18[59-76], β-Asp65-PIP[59-67] and D-Ala66-PNT.II peptides exerted a potent inhibitory effect against S. aureus and B. pseudomallei (KHW) (MICs 3.125 μg/ml), while a much less inhibitory potency (MICs 12.5 μg/ml) was noted for β-Asp65-PIP[59-67] and D-Ala66-PNT.II peptides against B. pseudomallei (TES). Higher doses of peptides had no effect on the other two strains (i.e., Klebsiella pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae). Overall, PIP-18[59-76] possessed higher antimicrobial activity than that of chloramphenicol (CHL), ceftazidime (CF) and streptomycin (ST) (30 μg/disc). When the two most active peptides, PIP-18[59-76] and β-Asp65-PIP[59-67], were applied topically at a 150 mg/kg dose for testing wound healing activity in a mouse model of S. aureus infection, the former accelerates faster wound healing than the latter peptide at 14 days post-treatment. The western blot data suggest that the topical application of peptides (PIP-18[59-67] and β-Asp65-PIP[59-67]) modulates NF-kB mediated wound repair in mice with relatively little haemolytic (100-1.56 μg/ml) and cytotoxic (1000-3.125 μg/ml) effects evident on human cells in vitro.
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Oliveira CRD, Marqueti RDC, Cominetti MR, Vieira ESA, Ribeiro JU, Pontes CLS, Borghi-Silva A, Selistre-de-Araujo HS. Effects of Blocking αvβ₃ integrin by a recombinant RGD disintegrin on remodeling of wound healing after induction of incisional hernia in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2014; 29 Suppl 3:6-13. [PMID: 25351149 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014001700002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Incisional hernia (IH) is characterized by defective wound healing process. Disba-01, a αvb₃ integrin blocker has shown to control the rate of wound repair and therefore it could be a target for new wound healing therapies.The objective of the study was to determine the changes induced by Disba-01 on repair of wound healing after induced IH in rats. METHODS Thirty two male albino rats were submitted to IH and divided into 4 experimental groups: G1, placebo control; G2, DisBa-01-treated; G3, anti-αvβ₃ antibodies-treated and G4, anti-α₂ antibodies-treated. Histological. biochemical and extracellular matrix remodeling analysis of abdominal wall were evaluated. RESULTS After 14 days, 100% of the G2 did not present hernia, and the hernia ring was closed by a thin membrane. In contrast, all groups maintained incisional hernia. DisBa-01 also increased the number macrophages and fibroblasts and induced the formation of new vessels. Additionally, MMP-2 was strongly activated only in G2 (P<0.05). Anti- αvβ₃-integrin antibodies produced similar results than Disba-01 but not anti-α₂ integrin blocking antibodies. CONCLUSION These results strongly indicate that Disba-01 has an important role in the control of wound healing and the blocking of this integrin may be an interesting therapeutical strategy in IH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Juliana Uema Ribeiro
- Department of Physioterapy, São Carlos Federal University, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Audrey Borghi-Silva
- Department of Medicine, São Carlos Federal University, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Sant'Ana EMC, Gouvêa CMCP, Durigan JLQ, Cominetti MR, Pimentel ER, Selistre-de-Araújo HS. Rat skin wound healing induced by alternagin-C, a disintegrin-like, Cys-rich protein from Bothrops alternatus venom. Int Wound J 2011; 8:245-52. [PMID: 21392259 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-481x.2011.00776.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternagin-C (ALT-C) is a disintegrin-like, Cys-rich protein isolated from Bothrops alternatus snake venom, which has been shown to induce in vivo angiogenesis. Therefore, this protein could be interesting as a new approach for tissue regeneration studies. Here the effects of ALT-C on fibroblasts and inflammatory cells, collagen type III and type I and TGF-α expression in a rat wounded skin model were studied. Thirty-five male Wistar rats (weight 270 ± 20 g) were divided into seven groups with five animals in each of the following groups: a control group which wounded animals received treatment with natrozol(®) gel only; ALT-C10, ALT-C60 and ALT-C100 groups of wounded animals that were treated with the same amount of gel containing 10, 60 and 100 ng of ALT-C, respectively. Animals were treated once a day with 20 µl of gel associated or not with ALT-C for 1, 3, 5 or 7 days. ALT-C treatment increased the fibroblast density, collagen deposition and accelerated the inflammatory process, mostly in the ALT-C60 group. These results indicate that ALT-C improves wound repair process in rat skin. Thus, ALT-C could be a candidate to the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for wounded skin repair.
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