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Ma R, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Xu Z. Structural engineering of mitochondria-targeted Au-Ag 2S photosensitizers for enhanced photodynamic and photothermal therapy. J Mater Chem B 2024. [PMID: 39007565 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00533c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Much effort has been devoted to designing diverse photosensitizers for efficient photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) performance. However, the effect of PS morphology on the PDT and PTT performance needs to be further explored. In this work, a photosensitizer, Au-Ag2S nanoparticles functionalized with indocyanine green, caspase-3 recognition peptides, and mitochondria-targeting peptides (AICM NPs) with different morphologies, including core-shell, eccentric core-shell-I, eccentric core-shell-II, and Janus morphologies, were synthesized to enhance PDT and PTT performance. Among them, AICM Janus NPs with enhanced charge-transfer efficiency and photothermal conversion demonstrate superior PDT and PTT performance compared to those of other morphologies. In addition, AICM NPs exhibit satisfactory surface-enhanced Raman scattering performance for in situ SERS monitoring of caspase-3 during PDT and PTT processes. After PDT and PTT treatment with AICM Janus NPs, the damaged mitochondria released caspase-3. AICM Janus NPs achieved a superior apoptosis rate in tumor cells in vitro. Furthermore, AICM Janus NPs treat the tumors in vivo within only 10 days, which is half the time reported in other work. The AICM NPs demonstrated superior therapeutic safety both in vitro and in vivo. This study investigates the effects of morphology-property-performance of photosensitizers on the PDT and PTT performances, which opens a new pathway toward designing photosensitizers for efficient PDT and PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruofei Ma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819, China.
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819, China.
| | - Zhangrun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110819, China.
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2
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Wang Y, Li Y, Ni D, Wei Z, Fu Z, Li C, Sun H, Wu Y, Li Y, Zhang Y, Liu N, Liu Y, Wang Z, Li J, Sun D, He L, Yang Y, Wang Y, Yang X. miR-186-5p targets TGFβR2 to inhibit RAW264.7 cell migration and proliferation during mouse skin wound healing. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2826-2835. [PMID: 37565786 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active peptides play a vital role in the development of new drugs and the identification and discovery of drug targets. As the first reported native peptide homodimer with pro-regenerative potency, OA-GP11d could potentially be used as a novel molecular probe to help elucidate the molecular mechanism of skin wound repair and provide new drug targets. METHODS Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase assay were adopted to determine microRNAs (miRNAs) and its target. The prohealing potency of the miRNA was determined by MTS and a Transwell experiment against mouse macrophages. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, realtime polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting were performed to explore the molecular mechanisms. RESULTS In this study, OA-GP11d was shown to induce Mus musculus microRNA-186-5p (mmu-miR-186-5p) down-regulation. Results showed that miR-186-5p had a negative effect on macrophage migration and proliferation as well as a targeted and negative effect on TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβR2) expression and an inhibitory effect on activation of the downstream SMAD family member 2 (Smad2) and protein-p38 kinase signaling pathways. Importantly, delivery of a miR-186-5p mimic delayed skin wound healing in mice. CONCLUSION miR-186-5p regulated macrophage migration and proliferation to delay wound healing through the TGFβR2/Smad2/p38 molecular axes, thus providing a promising new pro-repair drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuansheng Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dan Ni
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ziqi Wei
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhe Fu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Huiling Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yutong Wu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yilin Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yingxuan Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Naixin Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources & Key Laboratory of Natural Products Synthetic Biology of Ethnic Medicinal Endophytes, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, School of Ethnic Medicine, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinwang Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
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3
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Rithvik A, Samarpita S, Rasool M. Unleashing the pathological imprinting of cancer in autoimmunity: Is ZEB1 the answer? Life Sci 2023; 332:122115. [PMID: 37739160 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
The intriguing scientific relationship between autoimmunity and cancer immunology have been traditionally indulged to throw spotlight on novel pathological targets. Understandably, these "slowly killing" diseases are on the opposite ends of the immune spectrum. However, the immune regulatory mechanisms between autoimmunity and cancer are not always contradictory and sometimes mirror each other based on disease stage, location, and timepoint. Moreover, the blockade of immune checkpoint molecules or signalling pathways that unleashes the immune response against cancer is being leveraged to preserve self-tolerance and treat many autoimmune disorders. Therefore, understanding the common crucial factors involved in cancer is of paramount importance to paint the autoimmune disease spectrum and validate novel drug candidates. In the current review, we will broadly describe how ZEB1, or Zinc-finger E-box Binding Homeobox 1, reinforces immune exhaustion in cancer or contributes to loss of self-tolerance in auto-immune conditions. We made an effort to exchange information about the molecular pathways and pathological responses (immune regulation, cell proliferation, senescence, autophagy, hypoxia, and circadian rhythm) that can be regulated by ZEB1 in the context of autoimmunity. This will help untwine the intricate and closely postured pathogenesis of ZEB1, that is less explored from the perspective of autoimmunity than its counterpart, cancer. This review will further consider several approaches for targeting ZEB1 in autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arulkumaran Rithvik
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nādu, India
| | - Snigdha Samarpita
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Mahaboobkhan Rasool
- Immunopathology Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore 632 014, Tamil Nādu, India.
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4
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Osei GY, Adu-Amankwaah J, Koomson S, Beletaa S, Asiamah EA, Smith-Togobo C, Razak SRA. MicroRNAs and colorectal cancer: clinical potential and regulatory networks. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9575-9585. [PMID: 37776413 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08810-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a serious global health concern, with a high incidence and mortality rate. Although there have been advancements in the early detection and treatment of CRC, therapy resistance is common. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type of small non-coding RNA that regulates gene expression, are key players in the initiation and progression of CRC. Recently, there has been growing attention to the complex interplay of miRNAs in cancer development. miRNAs are powerful RNA molecules that regulate gene expression and have been implicated in various physiological and pathological processes, including carcinogenesis. By identifying current challenges and limitations of treatment strategies and suggesting future research directions, this review aims to contribute to ongoing efforts to enhance CRC diagnosis and treatment. It also provides a comprehensive overview of the role miRNAs play in CRC carcinogenesis and explores the potential of miRNA-based therapies as a treatment option. Importantly, this review highlights the exciting potential of targeted modulation of miRNA function as a therapeutic approach for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Yiadom Osei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Joseph Adu-Amankwaah
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Selina Koomson
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Solomon Beletaa
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Akomanin Asiamah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
- Discipline of Public Health Medicine, School of Nursing and Public Health, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
- Cancer and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology Research Unit (CIDERU), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Cecilia Smith-Togobo
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Siti Razila Abdul Razak
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, 13200, Malaysia.
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5
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Li X, Wang Y, Zhang B, Mao R, Wang Z, Jiang T, Song H. Hsa_circ_0119412 Contributes to Development of Retinoblastoma by Targeting miR-186-5p/ELK4 Axis. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:1608-1618. [PMID: 36715861 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidences indicate the crucial role of circRNAs in tumorigenesis, but little is understood about their molecular mechanism in retinoblastoma (RB). This paper was designed for exploring the circ_0119412 function in cases with RB and the potential mechanism. RT-qPCR was utilized to ascertain circ_0119412 and miR-186-5p levels in RB tissues and cells, and western blotting was used to quantify ELK4 in RB cells. In addition, CCK-8 and scratch assays were carried out for evaluation of cell proliferation and migration, respectively. Apoptosis-related proteins levels (Bax and Bcl-2) were measure by western blotting. Tumor growth in vivo was detected utilizing xenograft tumor experiment. The targeting relationship between circ_0119412, miR-186-5p, and ELK4 was validated using a dual-luciferase reporter assay and an RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay. In RB tissues and cells, Circ_0119412 and ELK4 expression were upregulated, while miR-186-5p expression was downregulated. In vitro assay revealed that downregulating circ_0119412 accelerated the cell apoptosis of RB cells and slowed down their migration and proliferation, and the in vivo assay indicated that circ_0119412 downregulation reduced the weight and volume of tumor in nude mice. In addition, miR-186-5p interference promoted the malignant behavior of RB cells, while ELK4 silencing showed an opposite trend. Mechanically, circ_0119412 can promote RB malignant phenotypes via miR-186-5p/ELK4 axis. Circ_0119412 was found to be upregulated in RB, and could accelerate the progression of RB via the miR-186-5p/ELK4 axis, indicating circ_0119412 may serve a promising clinical therapeutic target of RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Li
- Ophthalmology Department, Baicheng Central Hospital, No.111 Zhongxing West Road, Taobei District, Baicheng, Jilin, 137000, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Ophthalmology Department, Changchun Bokangming Eye Hospital, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Baoying Zhang
- Ophthalmology Department, Baicheng Central Hospital, No.111 Zhongxing West Road, Taobei District, Baicheng, Jilin, 137000, China
| | - Rui Mao
- Ophthalmology Department, Baicheng Central Hospital, No.111 Zhongxing West Road, Taobei District, Baicheng, Jilin, 137000, China
| | - Zhongkui Wang
- Ophthalmology Department, Baicheng Central Hospital, No.111 Zhongxing West Road, Taobei District, Baicheng, Jilin, 137000, China
| | - Tingyu Jiang
- Ophthalmology Department, Baicheng Central Hospital, No.111 Zhongxing West Road, Taobei District, Baicheng, Jilin, 137000, China
| | - Haibin Song
- Ophthalmology Department, Baicheng Central Hospital, No.111 Zhongxing West Road, Taobei District, Baicheng, Jilin, 137000, China.
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6
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Tariq L, Arafah A, Sehar N, Ali A, Khan A, Rasool I, Rashid SM, Ahmad SB, Beigh S, Dar TUH, Rehman MU. Novel insights on perils and promises of miRNA in understanding colon cancer metastasis and progression. Med Oncol 2023; 40:282. [PMID: 37639075 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third highest frequent malignancy and ultimate critical source of cancer-associated mortality around the world. Regardless of latest advances in molecular and surgical targeted medicines that have increased remedial effects in CRC patients, the 5-year mortality rate for CRC patients remains dismally low. Evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) execute an essential part in the development and spread of CRC. The miRNAs are a type of short non-coding RNA that exhibited to control the appearance of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. miRNA expression profiling is already being utilized in clinical practice as analytical and prognostic biomarkers to evaluate cancer patients' tumor genesis, advancement, and counteraction to drugs. By modulating their target genes, dysregulated miRNAs are linked to malignant characteristics (e.g., improved proliferative and invasive capabilities, cell cycle aberration, evasion of apoptosis, and promotion of angiogenesis). This review presents an updated summary of circulatory miRNAs, tumor-suppressive and oncogenic miRNAs, and the potential reasons for dysregulated miRNAs in CRC. Further we will explore the critical role of miRNAs in CRC drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna Tariq
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Azher Arafah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouroz Sehar
- Centre for Translational and Clinical Research, School of Chemical & Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Aarif Ali
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Andleeb Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, 45142, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iyman Rasool
- Department of Pathology, Government Medical College (GMC-Srinagar), Karanagar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Shahzada Mudasir Rashid
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Sheikh Bilal Ahmad
- Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, SKUAST-Kashmir, Alusteng, Shuhama, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190006, India
| | - Saba Beigh
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Al Baha University, 65431, Al Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Ul Hassan Dar
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir, 183254, India
| | - Muneeb U Rehman
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, 11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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7
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Sell MC, Ramlogan-Steel CA, Steel JC, Dhungel BP. MicroRNAs in cancer metastasis: biological and therapeutic implications. Expert Rev Mol Med 2023; 25:e14. [PMID: 36927814 PMCID: PMC10407223 DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. The seeding of primary tumours at a secondary site is a highly inefficient process requiring substantial alterations in the genetic architecture of cancer cells. These alterations include significant changes in global gene expression patterns. MicroRNAs are small, non-protein coding RNAs which play a central role in regulating gene expression. Here, we focus on microRNA determinants of cancer metastasis and examine microRNA dysregulation in metastatic cancer cells. We dissect the metastatic process in a step-wise manner and summarise the involvement of microRNAs at each step. We also discuss the advantages and limitations of different microRNA-based strategies that have been used to target metastasis in pre-clinical models. Finally, we highlight current clinical trials that use microRNA-based therapies to target advanced or metastatic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie C. Sell
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Charmaine A. Ramlogan-Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Jason C. Steel
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, QLD 4701, Australia
| | - Bijay P. Dhungel
- Gene & Stem Cell Therapy Program Centenary Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine & Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
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9
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Inhibiting miR-186-5p relieves traumatic brain injury by regulating insulin-like growth factor-I-NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 signaling pathway. Neuroreport 2023; 34:156-164. [PMID: 36719839 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that micro-RNA (miR)-186-5p can affect apoptosis of cells by regulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-1). However, the role of miR-186-5p-IGF1 axis in traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory response, remains to be further studied. Lipopolysaccharide (5 μg/mL) was used to activate microglia in vitro . The expression of miR-186-5p, IGF-1 was detected by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). ELISA and western blot were used to detect the inflammatory factors and oxidative stress. Western blot was used to detect apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bcl2 and C-caspase3), inflammatory proteins (iNOS and COX2), oxidative stress proteins (Nrf2 and HO-1) and NLRP3/apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC)/caspase-1 inflammatory bodies. MiR-186-5p inhibitor could reduce the inflammatory factors and oxidative stress in BV2 treated with lipopolysaccharide, and reduce apoptosis. In addition, we also found that inhibition of miR-186-5p increased the expression of IGF-1, which is necessary for nervous system development. Luciferase activity assay confirmed that IGF-1 was the direct target gene of miR-186-5p. Inhibiting miR-186-5p, through upregulation IGF-1, attenuates the inflammatory factors, oxidative stress and by inhibiting NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 signal pathway TBI in-vitro model.
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10
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Tomeva E, Krammer UDB, Switzeny OJ, Haslberger AG, Hippe B. Sex-Specific miRNA Differences in Liquid Biopsies from Subjects with Solid Tumors and Healthy Controls. EPIGENOMES 2023; 7:epigenomes7010002. [PMID: 36648863 PMCID: PMC9844450 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes7010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of epigenetic mechanisms has been recognized to play a crucial role in cancer development, but these mechanisms vary between sexes. Therefore, we focused on sex-specific differences in the context of cancer-based data from a recent study. A total of 12 cell-free DNA methylation targets in CpG-rich promoter regions and 48 miRNAs were analyzed by qPCR in plasma samples from 8 female and 7 male healthy controls as well as 48 female and 80 male subjects with solid tumors of the bladder, brain, colorectal region (CRC), lung, stomach, pancreas, and liver. Due to the small sample size in some groups and/or the non-balanced distribution of men and women, sex-specific differences were evaluated statistically only in healthy subjects, CRC, stomach or pancreas cancer patients, and all cancer subjects combined (n female/male-8/7, 14/14, 8/15, 6/6, 48/80, respectively). Several miRNAs with opposing expressions between the sexes were observed for healthy subjects (miR-17-5p, miR-26b-5p); CRC patients (miR-186-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-22-5p, miR-25-3p, miR-92a-3p, miR-16-5p); stomach cancer patients (miR-133a-3p, miR-22-5p); and all cancer patients combined (miR-126-3p, miR-21-5p, miR-92a-3p, miR-183-5p). Moreover, sex-specific correlations that were dependent on cancer stage were observed in women (miR-27a-3p) and men (miR-17-5p, miR-20a-5p). Our results indicate the complex and distinct role of epigenetic regulation, particularly miRNAs, depending not only on the health status but also on the sex of the patient. The same miRNAs could have diverse effects in different tissues and opposing effects between the biological sexes, which should be considered in biomarker research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrike D. B. Krammer
- HealthBioCare GmbH, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Berit Hippe
- HealthBioCare GmbH, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Science, University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
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11
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The role and application of transcriptional repressors in cancer treatment. Arch Pharm Res 2023; 46:1-17. [PMID: 36645575 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Gene expression is modulated through the integration of many regulatory elements and their associated transcription factors (TFs). TFs bind to specific DNA sequences and either activate or repress transcriptional activity. Through decades of research, it has been established that aberrant expression or functional abnormalities of TFs can lead to uncontrolled cell division and the development of cancer. Initial studies on transcriptional regulation in cancer have focused on TFs as transcriptional activators. However, recent studies have demonstrated several different mechanisms of transcriptional repression in cancer, which could be potential therapeutic targets for the development of specific anti-cancer agents. In the first section of this review, "Emerging roles of transcriptional repressors in cancer development," we summarize the current understanding of transcriptional repressors and their involvement in the molecular processes of cancer progression. In the subsequent section, "Therapeutic applications," we provide an updated overview of the available therapeutic targets for drug discovery and discuss the new frontier of such applications.
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Ji G, Wang X, Xi H. METTL3-mediated m 6A modification of lncRNA SNHG3 accelerates gastric cancer progression by modulating miR-186-5p/cyclinD2 axis. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2023; 37:3946320231204694. [PMID: 37823387 PMCID: PMC10571673 DOI: 10.1177/03946320231204694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES METTL3 as an m6A methyltransferase acts in diverse malignancies including gastric cancer (GC). We aimed to reveal the underlying mechanisms by which METTL3 contributes to gastric carcinogenesis. METHODS The association of METTL3 and SNHG3 with GC was analyzed by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and TCGA cohort. The functional experiments were implemented to uncover the role of METTL3 in GC. m6A dot blot and MeRIP were used to determine METTL3-mediated m6A modification of lncRNA SNHG3. The effect of METTL3 on SNHG3-mediated miR-186-5p/cyclinD2 axis was evaluated by luciferase gene report, RT-qPCR, and Western blot assays. RESULTS We found that METTL3 was remarkably elevated in GC tissues and correlated with poor survival in patients with GC. Silencing of METTL3 impaired GC cell growth and invasion, whereas restored METTL3 expression promoted these effects. Mechanistically, reduced expression of METTL3 decreased SNHG3 m6A level and caused a decrease in SNHG3 expression, which could further act as a sponge of miR-186-5p to upregulate cyclinD2. Overexpression of SNHG3 attenuated METTL3 knockdown-induced anti-proliferating and miR-186-5p upregulation and cyclinD2 downregulation. CONCLUSION We find that METTL3-mediated m6A modification of lncRNA SNHG3 accelerates GC progression by modulating miR-186-5p/cyclinD2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hao Xi
- Hao Xi, Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No. 301 Yanchang Middle Road, Shanghai 200072, China.
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Zhao Y, Shi J, Zhao Y, Lu Z. SNHG1/miR-186/FUT8 regulates cell migration and invasion in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2023; 29:105-115. [PMID: 33872442 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Recently, lncRNAs are associated with the progression and development of various cancers. We aimed to explore the effects of lncRNA SNHG1 on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) was used for measurement of SNHG1 in OSCC cells. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were detected by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, Cell Death Detection ELISA PLUS kit, and transwell assays. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay were used to clarify the relationship between SNHG1 and miR-186. SNHG1 was overexpressed in OSCC cells. SNHG1 silencing prevented cell proliferation and increased the incidence of apoptosis, DNA fragments, cleaved-caspase 3, and Bax protein levels. Cell migration and invasion were reduced after SNHG1 deletion, and MMP2 and MMP9 protein levels were decreased. SNHG1 overexpression promoted cell survival, migration, and invasion, reduced DNA fragments formation. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that SNHG1 could directly bind to miR-186 and positively regulated α1, 6-fucosyltransferase (FUT8) level. Functional investigation showed that miR-186 depletion reversed the roles of SNHG1 silencing in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and migration. Taken together, our findings illuminated that SNHG1 regulated cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by sponging miR-186 to depress FUT8 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Zhao
- Department of General Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, (Henan Stomatological Hospital), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Yankun Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Songzi People's Hospital, Songzi, China
| | - Zhifang Lu
- Department of Stomatology, XD Group Hospital, Xi'an, China
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Yang Y, Meng WJ, Wang ZQ. MicroRNAs (miRNAs): Novel potential therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1054846. [PMID: 36591525 PMCID: PMC9794577 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1054846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common malignant tumor and one of the most lethal malignant tumors in the world. Despite treatment with a combination of surgery, radiotherapy, and/or systemic treatment, including chemotherapy and targeted therapy, the prognosis of patients with advanced CRC remains poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore novel therapeutic strategies and targets for the treatment of CRC. MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) are a class of short noncoding RNAs (approximately 22 nucleotides) involved in posttranscriptional gene expression regulation. The dysregulation of its expression is recognized as a key regulator related to the development, progression and metastasis of CRC. In recent years, a number of miRNAs have been identified as regulators of drug resistance in CRC, and some have gained attention as potential targets to overcome the drug resistance of CRC. In this review, we introduce the miRNAs and the diverse mechanisms of miRNAs in CRC and summarize the potential targeted therapies of CRC based on the miRNAs.
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miR-221-5p and miR-186-5p Are the Critical Bladder Cancer Derived Exosomal miRNAs in Natural Killer Cell Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315177. [PMID: 36499501 PMCID: PMC9740765 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the tenth most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide, and its carcinogenesis mechanism has not been fully elucidated. BC is able to induce natural killer (NK) cell dysfunction and escape immune surveillance. The present study found that exosomes derived from the urinary bladder cancer cell line (T24 cell) contribute in generating NK cell dysfunction by impairing viability, and inhibiting the cytotoxicity of the NK cell on target cells. Meanwhile, T24 cell-derived exosomes inhibited the expression of the important functional receptors NKG2D, NKp30, and CD226 on NK cells as well as the secretion of perforin and granzyme-B. The critical miRNAs with high expression in T24 cell-derived exosomes were identified using high-throughput sequencing. Furthermore, following dual-luciferase reporter assay and transfection experiments, miR-221-5p and miR-186-5p were confirmed as interfering with the stability of the mRNAs of DAP10, CD96, and the perforin gene in NK cells and may be potential targets used in the therapy for BC.
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16
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Lu Q, Chen W, Ji Y, Liu Y, Xue X. Ursolic Acid Enhances Cytotoxicity of Doxorubicin-Resistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells via ZEB1-AS1/miR-186-5p/ ABCC1 Axis. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2022; 37:673-683. [PMID: 33493421 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most serious subtype of breast cancer (BC) and has been a great health threat to females. Although chemotherapeutic agent contributes a lot to TNBC treatment, drug resistance has been a great obstacle for chemotherapies. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid compound, was reported to reverse paclitaxel resistance in BC. However, whether UA could affect the resistance of TNBC cells to other drugs such as doxorubicin (DOX) remains to be discovered. Materials and Methods: MTT assay, EdU assay, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry analysis were implemented to detect the viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of DOX-resistant MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-436 cells with or without UA treatment. Mechanism assays including RIP, RNA pull-down, and luciferase reporter assays verified the interaction between RNAs. Results: UA treatment hindered the growth and mitigated the DOX resistance of DOX-resistant MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-436 cells. Mechanistically, multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (ABCC1) expression was downregulated by UA treatment. MiR-186-5p was verified to target ABCC1. Further, UA-inhibited ZEB1-AS1 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 antisense RNA 1) was verified as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) to upregulate ABCC1 through sponging miR-186-5p. Importantly, UA treatment impaired the malignant phenotypes of DOX-resistant MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-436 cells through ZEB1-AS1/ABCC1 axis. Conclusion: UA promotes TNBC cell sensitivity to DOX through inactivating ZEB1-AS1/miR-186-5p/ABCC1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weili Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajie Ji
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohong Xue
- Department of Breast Surgery, Yueyang Hospital of Intergrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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KrishnaPriya S, Omer S, Banerjee S, Karunagaran D, Suraishkumar GK. An integrated approach to understand fluid shear stress-driven and reactive oxygen species-mediated metastasis of colon adenocarcinoma through mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA-circRNA networks. Mol Genet Genomics 2022; 297:1353-1370. [PMID: 35831469 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-022-01924-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Development of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) metastasis involves several mediators including fluid shear stress (FSS), intracellular ROS levels, and non-coding RNAs. In our present study, we identified and investigated the role of regulatory non-coding RNA molecules specifically involved in COAD metastasis and their association with FSS and ROS. Interactions between the mRNAs associated with FSS and ROS, the corresponding microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) in COAD metastasis were used to generate the mRNA-miRNA-lncRNA-circRNA network. Experimental validation of the identified RNA hubs using quantitative real-time PCR demonstrated a direct effect of the FSS on their expression levels in cancer cells. FSS resulted in the downregulation of HMGA1 and RAN, as well as the upregulation of HSP90AA1, PMAIP1 and BIRC5. Application of shear stress also led to downregulation of hsa-miR-26b-5p and hsa-miR-34a-5p levels in HCT116 cells. Further, functional enrichment and survival analysis of the significant miRNAs, as well as the OncoPrint and the survival analyses of the selected mRNAs were performed. Subsequently, their functional role was also corroborated with existing literature. Ten significant miRNA hubs were identified, out of which hsa-miR-17-5p and hsa-miR-20a-5p were found to interact with lncRNA (CCAT2) while hsa-miR-335 was found to interact with four circRNAs. Fifteen significant miRNAs were identified in 10 different modules suggesting their importance in FSS and ROS-mediated COAD metastasis. Finally, 10 miRNAs and 3 mRNAs associated with FSS and/or ROS were identified as significant overall survival markers; 33 mRNAs were also identified as metastasis-free survival markers whereas 15 mRNAs showed > 10% gene alterations in TCGA-COAD data and may serve as promising therapeutic biomarkers in the COAD metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siluveru KrishnaPriya
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, IIT Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Sonal Omer
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, IIT Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - Satarupa Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, IIT Madras, Chennai, 600036, India. .,School of Bioscience and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.
| | - Devarajan Karunagaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, IIT Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
| | - G K Suraishkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, IIT Madras, Chennai, 600036, India
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Circ_ROBO2/miR-186-5p/TRIM14 axis regulates oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced cardiac microvascular endothelial cell injury. Regen Ther 2022; 20:138-146. [PMID: 35620639 PMCID: PMC9111929 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the main risks of death, which is mainly caused by coronary arteries arteriosclerosis. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have shown important regulatory roles in cardiovascular diseases. We amid to explore the role of circ_ROBO2 in CAD. Methods Cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) stimulated by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) were served as the cellular model of CAD. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot assay were performed to detect RNA levels and protein levels, respectively. Cell proliferation was assessed by 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Flow cytometry was employed for measuring cell apoptosis. Matrigel tube formation assay was used to evaluate angiogenesis ability. The intermolecular interaction was predicted by bioinformatics analysis and verified by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA-pull down assays. Results The expression of circ_ROBO2 was upregulated in CAD patients and ox-LDL-induced CMECs. Treatment of ox-LDL suppressed cell proliferation and angiogenic ability as well as promoted the apoptosis of CMECs partly by upregulating circ_ROBO2. MicroRNA-186-5p (miR-186-5p) was identified as a target of circ_ROBO2, and circ_ROBO2 knockdown attenuated ox-LDL-induced damage in CMECs by sponging miR-186-5p. Tripartite motif containing 14 (TRIM14) acted as a target of miR-186-5p, and TRIM14 overexpression alleviated miR-186-5p-mediated inhibitory effect on ox-LDL-induced injury in CMECs. Circ_ROBO2 positively regulated TRIM14 expression by sponging miR-186-5p. Conclusion Circ_ROBO2 played a promoting role in ox-LDL-induced CMECs injury by sponging miR-186-5p and regulating TRIM14, providing a promising treatment strategy for CAD.
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Zhou H, Liu Z, Wang Y, Wen X, Amador EH, Yuan L, Ran X, Xiong L, Ran Y, Chen W, Wen Y. Colorectal liver metastasis: molecular mechanism and interventional therapy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:70. [PMID: 35246503 PMCID: PMC8897452 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-00922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequently occurring malignancy tumors with a high morbidity additionally, CRC patients may develop liver metastasis, which is the major cause of death. Despite significant advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, the survival rate of colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) patients remains very low. CRLM, as a complex cascade reaction process involving multiple factors and procedures, has complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms/pathophysiology, diagnosis, treatment of CRLM. We also focus on an overview of the recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of CRLM with a special emphasis on tumor microenvironment and promise of newer targeted therapies for CRLM, further improving the prognosis of CRLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhongtao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiaoyong Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Eric H Amador
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA
| | - Liqin Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xin Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Li Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Yuping Ran
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Physics, The University of Texas, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA. .,Medical Technology Research Centre, Chelmsford Campus, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, CM1 1SQ, UK.
| | - Yu Wen
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan Province, China.
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Wang Y, Hu S, Zhang H, Zhang C, Lian Q, Jiao Y, Zhou Y. MiRNA-186-5p Exerts an Anticancer Role in Breast Cancer by Downregulating CXCL13. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2022; 2022:4891889. [PMID: 35251568 PMCID: PMC8896921 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4891889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to illustrate the biofunctions of miRNA-186-5p level in breast cancer (BCa) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Levels of miRNA-186-5p in BCa tissues and adjacent normal ones were determined. Association of miRNA-186-5p with pathological parameters and prognosis in BCa patients was analyzed. Luciferase assay was conducted for the prediction of the interaction between miRNA-186-5p and CXCL13. Their mutual interaction in influencing the proliferative potential of BCa was finally explored. Results showed that miRNA-186-5p expression was downregulated in BCa cell lines and tissues. MiRNA-186-5p overexpression could attenuate proliferative ability in BCa cells. A direct and negative correlation was identified between miRNA-186-5p and CXCL13. In addition, their mutual interaction was coresponsible for the malignant development of BCa. In BCa patients, miRNA-186-5p level was remarkably associated with tumor size and tumor staging, rather than other pathological parameters. Low level of miRNA-186-5p predicted a poor prognosis in BCa. Downregulated miRNA-186-5p in BCa is linked to tumor size, tumor staging, and prognosis. miRNA-186-5p downregulates CXCL13 by binding CXCL13 3'UTR in BCa cells. Overexpression of CXCL13 can significantly neutralize the inhibitory effects of miRNA-186-5p on BCa proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Wang
- Tumor Subject, Jiamusi University School of Clinical Medicine, Jiamusi, China
- Department of Oncological Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Shaojun Hu
- Department of Oncological Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Hongbin Zhang
- Tumor Subject, Jiamusi University School of Clinical Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Chenxin Zhang
- Tumor Subject, Jiamusi University School of Clinical Medicine, Jiamusi, China
| | - Qixin Lian
- Department of Oncological Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Department of Oncological Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Department of Oncological Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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Ramirez-Garrastacho M, Berge V, Linē A, Llorente A. Potential of miRNAs in urinary extracellular vesicles for management of active surveillance in prostate cancer patients. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:492-501. [PMID: 34811506 PMCID: PMC8810884 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Active surveillance is an alternative to radical treatment for patients with low-risk prostate cancer, which could also benefit some patients with intermediate risk. We have investigated the use of miRNA in urinary extracellular vesicles to stratify these patients. METHODS NGS was performed to profile the miRNAs from small urinary extracellular vesicles in a cohort of 70 patients with prostate cancer ISUP Grade 1, 2 or 3. The most promising candidates were then analysed by RT-qPCR in a new cohort of 60 patients. RESULTS NGS analysis identified nine miRNAs differentially expressed in at least one of the comparisons. The largest differences were found with miR-1290 (Grade 3 vs. 1), miR-320a-3p (Grade 3 vs. 2) and miR-155-5p (Grade 2 vs. 1). Combinations of 2-3 miRNAs were able to differentiate between two ISUP grades with an AUC 0.79-0.88. RT-qPCR analysis showed a similar trend for miR-186-5p and miR-30e-5p to separate Grade 3 from 2, and miR-320a-3p to separate Grade 2 from 1. CONCLUSIONS Using NGS, we have identified several miRNAs that discriminate between prostate cancer patients with ISUP Grades 1, 2 and 3. Moreover, miR-186-5p, miR-320a-3p and miR-30e-5p showed a similar behaviour in an independent cohort using an alternative analytical method. Our results show that miRNAs from urinary vesicles can be potentially useful as liquid biopsies for active surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ramirez-Garrastacho
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Viktor Berge
- grid.55325.340000 0004 0389 8485Department of Urology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Aija Linē
- grid.419210.f0000 0004 4648 9892Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Centre, Riga, Latvia
| | - Alicia Llorente
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Department for Mechanical, Electronics and Chemical Engineering, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
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22
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Zhang J, Peng Y, Jiang S, Li J. Hsa_circRNA_0001971 contributes to oral squamous cell carcinoma progression via miR‐186‐5p/Fibronectin type III domain containing 3B axis. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24245. [PMID: 35060189 PMCID: PMC8906042 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are closely associated with the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). circRNA_0001971 has been proved to accelerate the OSCC development. Here, we aim to identify the new molecular mechanism of hsa_circRNA_0001971 (circRNA_0001971) in OSCC. Methods The levels of circRNA_0001971, miR‐186‐5p, and fibronectin type III domain containing 3B (FNDC3B) in tissues and cells were verified by qRT‐PCR or Western blotting. The interaction between circRNA_0001971, miR‐186‐5p, and FNDC3B was identified by bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assay, and RIP assay. The effect of circRNA_0001971/miR‐186‐5p/FNDC3B axis on OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by cell functional experiments including CCK8, wound healing, and transwell assays. Results Our study displayed that circRNA_0001971 and FNDC3B were elevated in OSCC, whereas miR‐186‐5p was declined in OSCC. Silencing circRNA_0001971 attenuated the malignancy of OSCC cells by suppressing proliferation, migration, and invasion. In OSCC cells, circRNA_0001971 sponged miR‐186‐5p to enhance FNDC3B. Due to the interaction between circRNA_0001971, miR‐186‐5p, and FNDC3B, FNDC3B overexpression relieved the negative function of silencing circRNA_0001971 in OSCC cells. Conclusion Overall, our study discovered that circRNA_0001971 was a tumor promoter in OSCC progression by targeting miR‐186‐5p/FNDC3B axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiehua Zhang
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration Wuhan China
| | - Youjian Peng
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Shengjun Jiang
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Stomatology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan China
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Staiteieh SA, Akil L, Al Khansa R, Nasr R, Al Sagheer Z, Houshaymi B, Merhi RA. Study of microRNA expression profiling as biomarkers for colorectal cancer patients in Lebanon. Mol Clin Oncol 2022; 16:39. [PMID: 35003737 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The high incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) reveal its hazardous effect globally. Thus, it is important to diagnose CRC at an early stage to decrease its burden and improve survival rates. Previous studies have investigated the role of short non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) in numerous types of cancer, including CRC. Previous studies have been performed to investigate the role of miRNAs as biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of CRC development. The aim of the present retrospective study was to identify the expression levels of miR-31, miR-145, miR-146b and miR-186 to highlight their role in CRC diagnosis and progression at different stages of the disease (precancerous polyp, adenoma and adenocarcinoma) in a Lebanese population. The expression levels of miRNAs was revealed using TaqMan reverse transcription-quantitative PCR on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from Lebanese patients at different stages; their diagnostic value was determined using a receiver operating characteristics curve. Compared with healthy controls, miR-31 was upregulated (P<0.0001) at all stages. By contrast, miR-145, miR-186, and miR-146b were significantly downregulated at all stages (P<0.0001, P=0.0009 and P=0.0241, respectively). Of the four miRNAs studied, miR-31 and miR-145 were identified as potentially useful diagnostic factors, with an area under the curve of 0.7771 and 0.8269 and diagnostic accuracy of 71.3 and 78.5%, respectively. These data suggested that miR-31 and miR-145, upon further clinical validation, may be used as potential diagnostic biomarkers for the early detection of CRC at the polyp stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumaiah Abou Staiteieh
- Genomics and Surveillance Biotherapy Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, R. Hariri Campus, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Laila Akil
- Anatomy and Pathology Department, Bahman Hospital, Haret Hreik, Mount Lebanon 128-25, Lebanon
| | - Rawan Al Khansa
- Genomics and Surveillance Biotherapy Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, R. Hariri Campus, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Rihab Nasr
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiological Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107-2020, Lebanon
| | - Zainab Al Sagheer
- Applied Mathematics Department, Faculty of Sciences, R. Hariri Campus, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Bilal Houshaymi
- Genomics and Surveillance Biotherapy Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, R. Hariri Campus, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
| | - Raghida Abou Merhi
- Genomics and Surveillance Biotherapy Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, R. Hariri Campus, Lebanese University, Hadath 1003, Lebanon
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Shafabakhsh R, Arianfar F, Vosough M, Mirzaei HR, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Khanbabaei H, Kowsari H, Shojaie L, Azar MEF, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Autophagy and gastrointestinal cancers: the behind the scenes role of long non-coding RNAs in initiation, progression, and treatment resistance. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1229-1255. [PMID: 33432087 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers comprise a heterogeneous group of complex disorders that affect different organs, including esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, small intestine, colon, rectum, and anus. Recently, an explosion in nucleic acid-based technologies has led to the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have been found to possess unique regulatory functions. This class of RNAs is >200 nucleotides in length, and is characterized by their lack of protein coding. LncRNAs exert regulatory effects in GI cancer development by affecting different functions such as the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, apoptosis, glycolysis and angiogenesis. Over the past few decades, considerable evidence has revealed the important role of autophagy in both GI cancer progression and suppression. In addition, recent studies have confirmed a significant correlation between lncRNAs and the regulation of autophagy. In this review, we summarize how lncRNAs play a behind the scenes role in the pathogenesis of GI cancers through regulation of autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Arianfar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hashem Khanbabaei
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamed Kowsari
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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MiR-186 Suppressed Growth, Migration, and Invasion of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells via Targeting Dicer1. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:6217469. [PMID: 34804161 PMCID: PMC8601821 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6217469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective Globally, the fatal form of lung cancer is non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and its most common subtype is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). In cancer development and progression, miRNAs play key roles primarily in interacting with cancer-related genes. The main focus of this research was to examine the biological roles of miR-186 in LUAD. Methods We examined tissues of LUAD and lung cancer cell lines. The expressions of miR-186, Dicer1, Ki-67, and PCNA were determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC), real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR), and western blot assays. The CCK-8 and transwell assays were used to determine cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. To determine the association between miR-186 and Dicer1, a luciferase assay was used. Results MiR-186 expression was found to be lower in LUAD tissues, and this was correlated to TNM stage and lymph node metastasis in LUAD patients. miR-186 upregulation significantly reduced the proliferation rate and the level of Ki67 and PCNA of LUAD cell lines HCC827 and A549. Transwell assay exhibited that miR-186 upregulation considerably reduced HCC827 and A549 cells' migration and invasion abilities. Furthermore, we also confirmed that Dicer1 was a direct target of miR-186. Importantly, Dicer1 overexpression abolished the suppression of miR-186 mimics on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC827 and A549 cells. Conclusion These results indicated that the miR-186/Dicer1 pathway is critical for regulating LUAD cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
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Resveratrol inhibits the migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in liver cancer cells through up- miR-186-5p expression. Zhejiang Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2021; 50:582-590. [PMID: 34986537 DOI: 10.3724/zdxbyxb-2021-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the molecular mechanism of resveratrol inhibiting the metastasis of liver cancer . HepG2 and Huh7 cells were treated with different concentrations of resveratrol, and the cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay to determine the optimal concentration of resveratrol for subsequent experiments. The expressions of miR-186-5p in liver cancer tissues and liver cancer cells were determined by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. The migration and invasion of HepG2 and Huh7 cells were detected by wound healing assay and Transwell assay, and the expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related proteins were determined by Western blotting. Resveratrol with concentration of had no effect on the viability of HepG2 and Huh7 cells, so the concentration of resveratrol in subsequent experiments was 6.25 μmol/L. Resveratrol inhibited the wound healing and invasion of liver cancer cells; increased the expression of E-cadherin, and decreased the expression of vimentin and Twist1. The expression of miR-186-5p was significantly down-regulated in liver cancer tissues and cells compared with the adjacent tissues and normal liver cells (both <0.05). Furthermore, resveratrol induced the expression of miR-186-5p in liver cancer cells (both <0.01). Overexpression of miR-186-5p suppressed the migration, invasion and EMT of liver cancer cells. Knockdown of miR-186-5p blocked the inhibition effects of resveratrol on the migration, invasion and EMT of liver cancer cells. Resveratrol could inhibit the metastasis of liver cancer , which might be associated with up-regulating miR-186-5p.
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Chu J, Geng G, Ai X, Jia W, Wang J, Xu B, Kong X, Kong L. LINC01291 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma development by targeting miR-186-5p/OXSR1 axis. J Gene Med 2021; 24:e3394. [PMID: 34665488 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs play an important role in tumorigenesis. LINC01291 has been proven to be involved in the proliferation and migration of different cancers, but the function of LINC01291 in HCC is still unknown. METHODS First, the expression of LINC01291 in 50 paired HCC tissues, adjacent normal tissues and HCC cell lines was measured by qRT-PCR. Then, the function of LINC01291 in HCC cell proliferation, migration and invasion was measured by colony formation, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assays, wound healing assays and Transwell assays. In addition, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, vimentin and OXSR1 protein expression levels were assessed via western blotting. Luciferase reporter assays were used to prove the relationship between LINC01291 and miR-186-5p as well as miR-186-5p and OXSR1 mRNA. Rescue assays and in vivo experiments further confirmed the LINC01291/miR-186-5p/OXSR1 axis in the progression of HCC. RESULTS LINC01291 was upregulated in both HCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of LINC01291 inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT progression of HCC cells. In addition, LINC01291 could overexpress OXSR1 by sponging miR-186-5p, and OXSR1 overexpression or miR-186-5p inhibition could rescue the effect of LINC01291 knockdown in YY-8103 cell lines. In addition, lentiviral sh-LINC01291 could effectively inhibit the growth of subcutaneous YY-8103 xenograft tumors, while the anticancer effect could be reversed by cotransfection with in-miR-186-5p or ov-OXSR1. CONCLUSIONS LINC01291 can promote the proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT of HCC cells via the miR-186-5p/OXSR1 axis, and sh-LINC01291 can inhibit tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Chu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China
| | - Guangyong Geng
- Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoming Ai
- Department of General Surgery, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbo Jia
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyi Wang
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangxu Kong
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China
| | - Lianbao Kong
- Hepatobiliary Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Liver Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation (Nanjing Medical University), Nanjing, China
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Zhou W, Yun Z, Wang T, Li C, Zhang J. BTF3-mediated regulation of BMI1 promotes colorectal cancer through influencing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and stem cell-like traits. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:800-810. [PMID: 34293363 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The critical roles of transcription factors in cell differentiation and the delineation of cell phenotypes have been reported. The current study aimed to characterize the functions of the basic transcription factor 3 (BTF3) gene and its regulation of the intestinal stem cell marker B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1 (BMI1) gene in colorectal cancer (CRC). Stem cell-like traits and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cultured human CRC cell line HCT116 were evaluated by CD133+ subpopulation counting, colony formation, tumorosphere generation, and expression of EMT-specific markers and stem cell markers. The interaction of BTF3 with BMI1 was analyzed. BTF3 was overexpressed in CRC tissues, which was associated with poor patient survival. BTF3 knockdown impaired the retention of stem cell-like traits of HCT116 and inhibited the EMT of HCT116 cells. BMI1 expression changed in a BTF3-dependent manner, and its overexpression could partially restore stem cell-like traits and EMT of cultured HCT116 cells after BTF3 knockdown. In parallel, treatment with the BMI1 inhibitor PTC-209 mimicked the effects of BTF3 knockdown on stem cell-like traits and EMT of cultured HCT116 cells. Together, these results support the notion that BTF3 and BMI1 are potential therapeutic targets to limit CRC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, PR China
| | - Zhennan Yun
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, PR China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, PR China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, PR China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- Department of Colorectal and Anal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130000, PR China.
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29
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Bahreini F, Jabbari P, Gossing W, Aziziyan F, Frohme M, Rezaei N. The role of noncoding RNAs in pituitary adenoma. Epigenomics 2021; 13:1421-1437. [PMID: 34558980 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenomas (PAs) are common cranial tumors that affect the quality of life in patients. Early detection of PA is beneficial for avoiding clinical complications of this disease and increasing the quality of life. Noncoding RNAs, including long noncoding RNA, miRNA and circRNA, regulate protein expression, mostly by inhibiting the translation process. Studies have shown that dysregulation of noncoding RNAs is associated with PA. Hence understanding the expression pattern of noncoding RNAs can be considered a promising method for developing biomarkers. This article reviews data on the expression pattern of dysregulated noncoding RNAs involved in PA. Possible molecular mechanisms by which the dysregulated noncoding RNA could possibly induce PA are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farbod Bahreini
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.,Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Parnian Jabbari
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Genetics, Genomics & Bioinformatics, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Wilhelm Gossing
- Division Molecular Biotechnology & Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745, Wildau, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marcus Frohme
- Division Molecular Biotechnology & Functional Genomics, Technical University of Applied Sciences Wildau, Hochschulring 1, 15745, Wildau, Germany
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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30
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Characterization of microRNA expression in B cells derived from Japanese black cattle naturally infected with bovine leukemia virus by deep sequencing. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256588. [PMID: 34506539 PMCID: PMC8432782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the causative agent of enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), a malignant B cell lymphoma. However, the mechanisms of BLV-associated lymphomagenesis remain poorly understood. Here, after deep sequencing, we performed comparative analyses of B cell microRNAs (miRNAs) in cattle infected with BLV and those without BLV. In BLV-infected cattle, BLV-derived miRNAs (blv-miRNAs) accounted for 38% of all miRNAs in B cells. Four of these blv-miRNAs (blv-miR-B1-5p, blv-miR-B2-5p, blv-miR-B4-3p, and blv-miR-B5-5p) had highly significant positive correlations with BLV proviral load (PVL). The read counts of 90 host-derived miRNAs (bta-miRNAs) were significantly down-regulated in BLV-infected cattle compared to those in uninfected cattle. Only bta-miR-375 had a positive correlation with PVL in BLV-infected cattle and was highly expressed in the B cell lymphoma tissue of EBL cattle. There were a few bta-miRNAs that correlated with BLV tax/rex gene expression; however, BLV AS1 expression had a significant negative correlation with many of the down-regulated bta-miRNAs that are important for tumor development and/or tumor suppression. These results suggest that BLV promotes lymphomagenesis via AS1 and blv-miRNAs, rather than tax/rex, by down-regulating the expression of bta-miRNAs that have a tumor-suppressing function, and this downregulation is linked to increased PVL.
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Lu X, Song X, Hao X, Liu X, Zhang X, Yuan N, Ma H, Zhang Z. MiR-186-3p attenuates tumorigenesis of cervical cancer by targeting IGF1. World J Surg Oncol 2021; 19:207. [PMID: 34253194 PMCID: PMC8276452 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-021-02317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mounting evidence in the cancer literature suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) influence the progression of human cancer cells by targeting protein-coding genes. How insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1) and miR-186-3p contribute to the development of cervical cancer (CC) remains unclear. This study examined the regulatory roles of miR-186-3p and IGF1 in CC development. Methods Gene expression levels were determined by qRT-PCR. Proliferation, migration, and apoptosis of CC and normal cells were determined by MTT, Transwell, and caspase-3 activity assays, respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter activity and RNA pull-down assays were performed to identify the target gene of miR-186-3p. Results IGF1 was the target of miR-186-3p. The expression of miR-186-3p inhibited cell proliferation and migration abilities of CC cell lines, but induced the apoptosis rate of CC cells. IGF1 could restore the inhibitory effects of miR-186-3p on the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis abilities of CC cells. Experimental results revealed that miR-186-3p could inhibit IGF1 expression, thereby reducing the viability of CC cells. Conclusions The data suggest that targeting of IGF1 by miR-186-3p could be crucial in regulating the progression of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiurong Lu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiao Song
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Hao
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Xianyu Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Na Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
| | - Zhilin Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, No. 36, Changqing Road, Zhangjiakou, 075000, Hebei, China
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Li A, Feng L, Niu X, Zeng Q, Li B, You Z. Downregulation of OIP5-AS1 affects proNGF-induced pancreatic cancer metastasis by inhibiting p75NTR levels. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:10688-10702. [PMID: 33820868 PMCID: PMC8064169 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the mechanism by which long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) OIP5-AS1 affects proNGF (precursor nerve growth factor)-induced pancreatic cancer metastasis by targeting the miR-186-5p/NGFR axis. Bioinformatics was used to analyse whether OIP5-AS1 targets miR-186-5p/NGFR and their expression characteristics in pancreatic cancer. OIP5-AS1 and NGFR were overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, and their levels showed a significant positive correlation. Clinical trials also demonstrated that high expression of OIP5-AS1 and NGFR and low expression of miR-186-5p played a pro-cancer role in pancreatic cancer. MiR-186-5p inhibited the migration and invasion of colon cancer cells by targeting NGFR-regulated p75NTR. OIP5-AS1 regulated the action of miR-186-5p on NGFR mRNA and p75NTR by targeting miR-186-5p. Downregulation of NGFR inhibited the expression of p75NTR protein and blocked the role of proNGF in promoting the migration and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Animal experiments also showed that the knockdown of miR-186-5p promoted cancer via the expression of NGFR mRNA and p75NTR protein, while the downregulation of proNGF blocked the effects. OIP5-AS1, as a ceRNA, promotes the progression of pancreatic cancer by targeting miR-186-5p/NGFR and affecting the prognosis of patients, which may be related to the action of proNGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaoya Niu
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qihui Zeng
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhen You
- Department of Biliary Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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LncRNA VPS9D1-AS1 promotes cell proliferation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia through modulating GPX1 expression by miR-491-5p and miR-214-3p evasion. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:226132. [PMID: 32808668 PMCID: PMC7536331 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of protein-coding genes can influence the malignant behaviors of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells. According to the prediction from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we discovered that glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) was up-regulated in acute myeloid leukemia (LAML) tissues, which pushed us to explore the feasible role and its related modulatory mechanism of GPX1 in ALL. In this research, we first proved the high expression of GPX1 in ALL cells compared with normal cells. Functional assays further revealed that the proliferation was obstructed and the apoptosis was facilitated in ALL cells with silenced GPX1. Then, both miR-491-5p and miR-214-3p that were down-regulated in ALL cells were affirmed to target GPX1. Subsequently, VPS9D1 antisense RNA 1 (VPS9D1-AS1) was recognized as the upstream regulator of miR-491-5p-miR-214-3p/GPX1 axis in a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) model. Importantly, we proved that VPS9D1-AS1 served as a tumor promoter in ALL through elevating GPX1. In conclusion, VPS9D1-AS1 contributed to ALL cell proliferation through miR-491-5p-miR-214-3p/GPX1 axis, hinting an optional choice for the treatment of ALL.
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Zhang N, Hu X, Du Y, Du J. The role of miRNAs in colorectal cancer progression and chemoradiotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 134:111099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Reza AMMT, Yuan YG. microRNAs Mediated Regulation of the Ribosomal Proteins and its Consequences on the Global Translation of Proteins. Cells 2021; 10:110. [PMID: 33435549 PMCID: PMC7827472 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ribosomal proteins (RPs) are mostly derived from the energy-consuming enzyme families such as ATP-dependent RNA helicases, AAA-ATPases, GTPases and kinases, and are important structural components of the ribosome, which is a supramolecular ribonucleoprotein complex, composed of Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and RPs, coordinates the translation and synthesis of proteins with the help of transfer RNA (tRNA) and other factors. Not all RPs are indispensable; in other words, the ribosome could be functional and could continue the translation of proteins instead of lacking in some of the RPs. However, the lack of many RPs could result in severe defects in the biogenesis of ribosomes, which could directly influence the overall translation processes and global expression of the proteins leading to the emergence of different diseases including cancer. While microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs and one of the potent regulators of the post-transcriptional gene expression, miRNAs regulate gene expression by targeting the 3' untranslated region and/or coding region of the messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and by interacting with the 5' untranslated region, and eventually finetune the expression of approximately one-third of all mammalian genes. Herein, we highlighted the significance of miRNAs mediated regulation of RPs coding mRNAs in the global protein translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawińskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yu-Guo Yuan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Zhou LY, Lin SN, Rieder F, Chen MH, Zhang SH, Mao R. Noncoding RNAs as Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Intestinal Fibrosis of Crohn's Disease: The Path From Bench to Bedside. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 27:971-982. [PMID: 33324986 PMCID: PMC8344842 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izaa321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a major pathway to organ injury and failure, accounting for more than one-third of deaths worldwide. Intestinal fibrosis causes irreversible and serious clinical complications, such as strictures and obstruction, secondary to a complex pathogenesis. Under the stimulation of profibrotic soluble factors, excessive activation of mesenchymal cells causes extracellular matrix deposition via canonical transforming growth factor-β/Smads signaling or other pathways (eg, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition) in intestinal fibrogenesis. In recent studies, the importance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) stands out in fibrotic diseases in that ncRNAs exhibit a remarkable variety of biological functions in modulating the aforementioned fibrogenic responses. In this review, we summarize the role of ncRNAs, including the emerging long ncRNAs and circular RNAs, in intestinal fibrogenesis. Notably, the translational potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of intestinal fibrosis is discussed based on clinical trials from fibrotic diseases in other organs. The main points of this review include the following: • Characteristics of ncRNAs and mechanisms of intestinal fibrogenesis • Wide participation of ncRNAs (especially the emerging long ncRNAs and circular RNAs) in intestinal fibrosis, including transforming growth factor-β signaling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition/endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and extracellular matrix remodeling • Translational potential of ncRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of intestinal fibrosis based on clinical trials from fibrotic diseases in other organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Si-Nan Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Florian Rieder
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Min-Hu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Hong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Address correspondence to: Ren Mao, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, People’s Republic of China; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (); and Sheng-Hong Zhang, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, People’s Republic of China ()
| | - Ren Mao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China,Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA,Address correspondence to: Ren Mao, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, People’s Republic of China; Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Digestive Diseases and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH (); and Sheng-Hong Zhang, MD, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, 58 Zhongshan Road 2nd, Guangzhou 510080, People’s Republic of China ()
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Zhan FL, Chen CF, Yao MZ. LncRNA TUG1 facilitates proliferation, invasion and stemness of ovarian cancer cell via miR-186-5p/ZEB1 axis. Cell Biochem Funct 2020; 38:1069-1078. [PMID: 32390141 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
LncRNA TUG1 has been rarely studied in ovarian cancer (OC), our objective was to explore the role of TUG1 in the regulation of malignant phenotypes of OC. Vectors of sh-TUG1, miR-186-5p and pcDNA-ZEB1 were, respectively, constructed and used to infect OC cells. MTT and transwell assays were applied for representing cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. Sphere formation experiment was used to detect the stemness of OC cells. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were employed for detecting the expression of multiple biomarkers on protein and RNA levels, respectively. The luciferase assay was performed to reveal the interactions between miR-186-5p and TUG1 or ZEB1. The silencing of TUG1 and upregulation of miR-186-5p both suppressed the cell proliferation, invasion and cancer stem cell (CSC) properties. Additionally, luciferase assay verified that miR-186-5p directly binds TUG1 and ZEB1. Moreover, overexpression of ZEB1 rescued the impact on the proliferation, invasion and stemness of TUG1 silencing in OC. TUG1 sponges miR-186-5p to release ZEB1 and promotes the proliferation, invasion and stemness of OC cells, suggesting that TUG1 could be a potential therapeutic target for OC therapy. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY: LncRNA TUG1 could promote proliferation, invasion and stemness of ovarian cancer cells. Our study first discovered that TUG1 play a tumourigenic role in ovarian cancer by regulating stemness of cancer cells. Mechanism research exhibited the regulation role of TUG1 in ovarian cancer cells was miR-186-5p/ZEB1 axis depended. These results provided a new perspective to understand the pathogenesis and development of ovarian cancer; it will offer new evidence for better diagnosis and treatment therapy of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Liang Zhan
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chun-Fang Chen
- School of Mathematics and Information Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, China
| | - Mei-Zhen Yao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Jin B, Jin D, Zhuo Z, Zhang B, Chen K. MiR-1224-5p Activates Autophagy, Cell Invasion and Inhibits Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Osteosarcoma Cells by Directly Targeting PLK1 Through PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:11807-11818. [PMID: 33235467 PMCID: PMC7680192 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s274451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common malignant bone tumors with a poor overall prognosis. MiR-1224-5p plays an important role in cancer, but its function and mechanism in OS have not been studied. Materials and Methods The expression of miR-1224-5p and PLK1 was detected by qRT-PCR in OS cells, adjacent tissues, and cell lines. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the interaction between miR-1224-5p and PLK1. The expression of miR-1224-5p and PLK1 was intervened by transfection with miR-1224-5p mimic, NC mimic, pc-NC and PLK1, respectively. MTT, colony formation assay, Transwell and flow cytometry were used to observe the cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of PLK1, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins, autophagy-related proteins, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related proteins in the cells. Results We found that miR-1224-5p was down-regulated and PLK1 expression was up-regulated in OS tissues and cells. On the other hand, it is further confirmed that PLK1 was a target gene of miR-1224-5p. Overexpression of miR-1224-5p inhibited the proliferation, invasion while promoted the apoptosis of OS cells, whereas overexpression of PLK1 promoted the proliferation, invasion and inhibited the apoptosis of OS cells. In the miR-1224-5p group (overexpression of miR-1224-5p), PI3K, AKT, and mTOR protein phosphorylation levels were significantly reduced, while autophagic activity was significantly activated, and the degree of EMT was significantly reduced. But the results in the PLK1 group (overexpression of PLK1) were the opposite. In addition, overexpression of miR-1224-5p reversed the effect of PLK1 upregulation on OS cells. Conclusion MiR-1224-5p targets PLK1 to inhibit PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, thus mediating the proliferation, invasion, apoptosis, autophagy and EMT in OS cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicheng Jin
- Department of Surgery, Guizhou Electric Power Staff Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongfang Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinhua People's Hospital, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhen Zhuo
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Guizhou Electric Power Staff Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Chen
- Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital Scientific Research Center Laboratory, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, People's Republic of China
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Ma Y, Zhang D, Wu H, Li P, Zhao W, Yang X, Xing X, Li S, Li J. Circular RNA PRKCI silencing represses esophageal cancer progression and elevates cell radiosensitivity through regulating the miR-186-5p/PARP9 axis. Life Sci 2020; 259:118168. [PMID: 32739469 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Circular RNA PRKCI (circPRKCI) and poly ADP-ribose polymerase 9 (PARP9) are related to the development of cancers. In this study, we aimed to explore the regulatory mechanisms between circPRKCI and PARP9 in EC progression and radioresistance. MATERIALS AND METHODS The levels of circPRKCI, PARP9 mRNA, and miR-186-5p were assessed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Western blot analysis was employed to examine the levels of several proteins. The viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression, and apoptosis of EC cells were determined with CCK-8, colony formation, or flow cytometry assays. The relationship between circPRKCI or PARP9 and miR-186-5p was verified with the dual-luciferase reporter and RIP assays. KEY FINDINGS We observed that circPRKCI and PARP9 were upregulated while miR-186-5p was downregulated in EC tissues and cells. Furthermore, circPRKCI knockdown decreased tumor growth in vivo and constrained cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression, elevated cell radiosensitivity in EC cells in vitro. Importantly, circPRKCI modulated PARP9 expression through sponging miR-186-5p. Besides, PARP9 overexpression overturned circPRKCI silencing-mediated effects on the viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression, and radiosensitivity of EC cells. SIGNIFICANCE CircPRKCI regulated cell malignancy and radioresistance through modulating the miR-186-5p /PARP9 axis in EC, which provided a might target for EC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 710033, Shaan Xi Province, China
| | - Danjie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 710033, Shaan Xi Province, China
| | - Hua Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 710033, Shaan Xi Province, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaan Xi Province, China
| | - Xiaoping Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 710033, Shaan Xi Province, China
| | - Xin Xing
- VIP Ward of Cadre Health Special Consultation, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710033, Shaan Xi Province, China
| | - Shaomin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 710033, Shaan Xi Province, China.
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, 710033, Shaan Xi Province, China.
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Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA SNHG6 Inhibits Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression via miR-186-5p/HIF1α Axis. Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:2844-2852. [PMID: 31853782 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-06012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 6 (SNHG6) has been shown to be upregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, its detailed function in ESCC remains unknown. We investigated its specific roles in ESCC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. METHODS Gene expression was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The subcellular localization of lncRNA SNHG6 was determined using subcellular location assay. Luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay were applied to determine the interaction between lncRNA SNHG6, miR-186-5p, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α). The cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were evaluated by using cell count kit-8, colony formation assay, and transwell migration and invasion assays. RESULTS LncRNA SNHG6 and HIF1α were upregulated, while miR-186-5p was downregulated in ESCC tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of lncRNA SNHG6 inhibits ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. A negative correlation between lncRNA SNHG6 and miR-186-5p expression was found in ESCC tissues. Similarly, there is a positive correlation between lncRNA SNHG6 and HIF1α expression in ESCC tissues. Conversely, miR-186-5p expression was negatively correlated with HIF1α expression in ESCC tissues. Furthermore, lncRNA SNHG6 was identified as a decoy for miR-186-5p, thereby promoting the expression of miR-186-5p target HIF1α. More significantly, restoration of SNHG6 or HIF1α could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-186-5p on ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of SNHG6 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells through regulating miR-186-5p/HIF1α axis, providing a novel therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Ning Y, Bai Z. DSCAM-AS1 accelerates cell proliferation and migration in osteosarcoma through miR-186-5p/GPRC5A signaling. Cancer Biomark 2020; 30:29-39. [PMID: 32865178 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most primary bone malignancies, often occurring in adolescents or children. Numerous scientific findings have introduced that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) can be involved in tumor occurrence and development. Although DSCAM-AS1 has been studied in several cancers, its role and mechanism in OS are poorly understood. In this work, high level of DSCAM-AS1 was validated in OS cell lines. Depleting DSCAM-AS1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration and EMT process in OS. Subsequently, we disclosed that DSCAM-AS1 was mainly observed in the cytoplasm of OS cells and could bind with miR-186-5p in OS. Moreover, inhibiting miR-186-5p rescued the impact of silenced DSCAM-AS1 on OS progression. Additionally, GPRC5A was verified as the target downstream of miR-186-5p, and it was negatively modulated by miR-186-5p but positively regulated by DSCAM-AS1. More importantly, DSCAM-AS1 enhanced GPRC5A level in OS by sequestering miR-186-5p. Finally, up-regulating GPRC5A reversed the influences of DSCAM-AS1 repression on the oncogenic behaviors of OS cells. Knockdown of DSCAM-AS1 suppressed NPC tumor growth in vivo. All findings uncovered that DSCAM-AS1 aggravated OS progression through sponging miR-186-5p to up-regulate GPRC5A expression. Thus, we proposed DSCAM-AS1 as a probable target for OS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Ning
- Department of Health Administration and Medical Education in School of Military Preventive Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengfa Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth People's Hospital of Shaanxi, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Yuan W, Li F. Roles of microRNA-186 and vascular endothelial growth factor in hepatocellular carcinoma complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3860-3867. [PMID: 32855736 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of microRNA (miR)-186 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with portal vein tumor thrombus. Blood samples from 29 HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus were collected between January 2014 and September 2015 in Huai'an First People's Hospital, while blood from 36 HCC patients without vein tumor thrombus was also collected in the same period. In addition, tumor thrombus specimens were collected from the HCC patients with portal vein tumor thrombus, and peritumoral tissues of the tumor thrombus were used as the control. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, ELISA and western blot analyses were applied to detect vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Bioinformatics prediction was used to predict the target of miR-186, and then miR-186 expression was detected. Furthermore, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to validate whether miR-186 directly targeted VEGF. Following transfection with agomiR-186, the expression levels of miR-186 and VEGF were detected, while MTT assay was used to detect EA.hy926 cell proliferation subsequent to small interfering RNA (siRNA) silencing. The results identified that VEGF was significantly increased in the tumor thrombus and blood samples of HCC patients with vein tumor thrombus at the mRNA and protein levels, while miR-186 expression was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Following silencing VEGF by siRNA transfection, the proliferation of EA.hy926 cells was inhibited. In addition, VEGF expression was significantly decreased and cell proliferation was reduced when upregulating miR-186. Dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-186 regulated VEGF expression through complementary binding to 3'-untranslated region. In conclusion, VEGF was significantly increased in tumor thrombus and blood samples from HCC patients with vein tumor thrombus, which may be associated with the downregulation of miR-186. Thus, miR-186 may promote the development and progression of vein tumor thrombus in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Yuan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu 223300, P.R. China
| | - Fuguang Li
- The Second Ward of General Surgery Department, Ankang City Central Hospital, Ankang, Shaanxi 725000, P.R. China
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Bi Y, Mao Y, Su Z, Du J, Ye L, Xu F. HOXB-AS1 accelerates the tumorigenesis of glioblastoma via modulation of HOBX2 and HOBX3 at transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:93-106. [PMID: 33459377 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most universal and invasive brain tumor among adults. Increasing studies have reported that long noncoding RNAs play vital roles in regulating downstream molecules at the transcriptional or posttranscriptional level in tumor progression. The purpose of the current research was to inquire the modulation mechanism by which homeobox B cluster antisense RNA 1 (HOXB-AS1) functioned in GBM. Our study first discovered the lifted expression of HOXB-AS1 and its nearby genes HOXB2 and HOXB3 in GBM and the positive relationship between HOXB-AS1 and HOXB2 or HOXB3. Loss-of-function assays and in vivo study detected that silencing of HOXB-AS1, HOXB2, or HOXB3 restrained the proliferation and induced the apoptosis in GBM. In addition, mechanism experiments demonstrated that HOXB-AS1 recruited interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3) to regulate HOXB2 and HOXB3 expression at the transcriptional level, and HOXB-AS1 sponged miR-186-5p to modulate HOXB2 and HOXB3 expression at posttranscriptional level. Finally, the regulatory mechanism of HOXB-AS1 in GBM was certified through rescue experiments. Our results indicated that HOXB-AS1 boost the HOXB2 or HOXB3 expression at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. We detected the HOXB-AS1-ILF3-HOXB2/HOXB3 axis and HOXB-AS1-miR-186-5p-HOXB2/HOXB3 axis driving the GBM progression, which might generate more effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Bi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhang Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuopeng Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiarui Du
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Liping Ye
- Department of Nursing, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang, Shanghai, China
| | - Fulin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang, Shanghai, China
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44
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Non-coding RNAS and colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 475:151-159. [PMID: 32767228 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03867-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
More than 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) deaths are attributed to metastasis, and the liver is the most common distant metastatic site of CRC. The molecular mechanisms underlying CRC liver metastasis are very complicated and remain largely unknown. Accumulated evidence has shown that non-coding RNAs (NcRNAs) play critical roles in tumor development and progression. Here we reviewed the roles and underlying mechanisms of NcRNAs in CRC liver metastasis.
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Liu Y, Jiang Y, Xu L, Qu C, Zhang L, Xiao X, Chen W, Li K, Liang Q, Wu H. circ-NRIP1 Promotes Glycolysis and Tumor Progression by Regulating miR-186-5p/MYH9 Axis in Gastric Cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5945-5956. [PMID: 32765095 PMCID: PMC7381786 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s245941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer (GC) is a severe threat to human life, with high incidence and mortality. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play crucial roles in the progression of GC. This study attempted to investigate the potential role of circ-NRIP1 and associated action mechanisms in GC cells. Methods The expression of circ-NRIP1 and miR-186-5p was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability, apoptosis, and migration were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, flow cytometry assay, and transwell assay, respectively. Cellular glycolysis, including cellular glucose uptake, lactate, and ATP/ADP ratios, was also detected by commercial assay kits. The protein levels of hexokinase 2 (HK2) and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) were quantified by Western blot. The relationship between miR-186-5p and circ-NRIP1 or myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) was predicted by the online bioinformatics tool, starBase, and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Xenograft tumor model was used to evaluate biological function in vivo. Results The expression of circ-NRIP1 was up-regulated in tissues of GC patients and cells, as well as negatively associated with that of miR-186-5p in tissues. circ-NRIP1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and glycolysis, but induced apoptosis in HGC-27 and AGS cells. circ-NRIP1 competitively targeted miR-186-5p, and MYH9 was a target of miR-186-5p. miR-186-5p knockdown inverted the bio-function effects and glycolytic activation from circ-NRIP1 silencing in HGC-27 and AGS cells. Meanwhile, MYH9 overexpression could rescue the effects of miR-186-5p. Besides, miR-186-5p knockdown inverted the expression pattern of si-circ-NRIP1 transfection in GC cells. Additionally, in vivo experiments confirmed that sh-circ-NRIP1 inhibited tumor growth. Conclusion circ-NRIP1 accelerated the glycolysis and GC progression by modulating MYH9 via miR-186-5p, suggesting that circ-NRIP1 was a promising biomarker for the treatment of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Lidong Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongxing Qu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingguo Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Kunkun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianping Liang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450007, People's Republic of China
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MORC2 promotes cell growth and metastasis in human cholangiocarcinoma and is negatively regulated by miR-186-5p. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:3639-3649. [PMID: 31180332 PMCID: PMC6594809 DOI: 10.18632/aging.102003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Microrchidia family CW-type zinc finger 2 (MORC2) is a ubiquitously expressed protein that contributes to chromatin remodeling, DNA repair, and lipogenesis. However, its role in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression profile of MORC2 and its potential functions in CCA progression. The results showed that MORC2 was upregulated in human CCA specimens and cell lines. MORC2 expression was significantly associated with serum CA19-9 levels (P = 0.009), TNM stage (P = 0.003) and lymph node invasion (P = 0.004). Furthermore, high MORC2 expression was associated with poor 5-year survival (P = 0.016). Functional experiments revealed that MORC2 knockdown could suppress CCA cell proliferation, migration, and invasion both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanically, we found that MORC2 promoted CCA cell metastasis through the EMT process and enhanced proliferation via the Akt signaling pathway. Moreover, MORC2 was negatively regulated by miR-186-5p. MiR-186-5p could influence CCA cell proliferation, migration and metastasis by regulating MORC2. Taken together, the findings of this study demonstrated the oncogenic role of MORC2 in CCA tumorigenesis and metastasis, and clarified an underlying regulatory mechanism mediating MORC2 upregulation, which may provide a novel therapeutic target in CCA treatment.
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MicroRNAs and Their Influence on the ZEB Family: Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Applications in Cancer Therapy. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071040. [PMID: 32664703 PMCID: PMC7407563 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular signaling pathways involved in cancer have been intensively studied due to their crucial role in cancer cell growth and dissemination. Among them, zinc finger E-box binding homeobox-1 (ZEB1) and -2 (ZEB2) are molecules that play vital roles in signaling pathways to ensure the survival of tumor cells, particularly through enhancing cell proliferation, promoting cell migration and invasion, and triggering drug resistance. Importantly, ZEB proteins are regulated by microRNAs (miRs). In this review, we demonstrate the impact that miRs have on cancer therapy, through their targeting of ZEB proteins. MiRs are able to act as onco-suppressor factors and inhibit the malignancy of tumor cells through ZEB1/2 down-regulation. This can lead to an inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism, therefore reducing metastasis. Additionally, miRs are able to inhibit ZEB1/2-mediated drug resistance and immunosuppression. Additionally, we explore the upstream modulators of miRs such as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as these regulators can influence the inhibitory effect of miRs on ZEB proteins and cancer progression.
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Zhang C, Zhang X, Wang J, Di F, Xue Y, Lin X, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Zhang Z, Gu Y. Lnc00462717 regulates the permeability of the blood-brain tumor barrier through interaction with PTBP1 to inhibit the miR-186-5p/Occludin signaling pathway. FASEB J 2020; 34:9941-9958. [PMID: 32623796 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000045r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Blood-brain tumor barrier (BTB) severely restricts the efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs into brain tumor tissue, which is a critical obstacle for glioma treatment. Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have shown as regulation factors of numerous biological processes. In this study, we identified that Lnc00462717 was upregulated in glioma endothelial cells (GECs), and that knockdown of Lnc00462717 significantly increased the BTB permeability. Both bioinformatics and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) results revealed that Lnc00462717 interacts with polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTBP1). Moreover, overexpression of PTBP1 significantly reversed the increase in BTB permeability caused by siLnc00462717. Furthermore, the binding sites between miR-186 and PTBP1 as well as between miR-186 and 3'UTR of Occludin mRNA were confirmed by RIP and luciferase assays, respectively. And the interaction of Lnc00462717 and PTBP1 significantly facilitated the binding of PTBP1 to 3'UTR of Occludin mRNA and then blocked the miR-186-5p-induced downregulation of Occludin. In addition, we identified that knockdown of Lnc00462717 or overexpression of miR-186-5p increased the accumulation of doxorubicin (Dox) in brain glioma via the ultrafast liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry system (UFLC-MS/MS system) and decreased the intracranial glioma volume in BALB/c nude mice. Taken together, these results show a novel molecular pathway in BTB that may provide a potential innovative strategy for glioma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jiahong Wang
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Fan Di
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yixue Xue
- Department of Neurobiology, College Basic of Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xiangdan Lin
- Graduate School of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yanting Gu
- Department of Physiology, Life Science and Biopharmaceutical Institution, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
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49
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Liu L, Wang Q, Qiu Z, Kang Y, Liu J, Ning S, Yin Y, Pang D, Xu S. Noncoding RNAs: the shot callers in tumor immune escape. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2020; 5:102. [PMID: 32561709 PMCID: PMC7305134 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-020-0194-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy, designed to exploit the functions of the host immune system against tumors, has shown considerable potential against several malignancies. However, the utility of immunotherapy is heavily limited due to the low response rate and various side effects in the clinical setting. Immune escape of tumor cells may be a critical reason for such low response rates. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been identified as key regulatory factors in tumors and the immune system. Consequently, ncRNAs show promise as targets to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy in tumors. However, the relationship between ncRNAs and tumor immune escape (TIE) has not yet been comprehensively summarized. In this review, we provide a detailed account of the current knowledge on ncRNAs associated with TIE and their potential roles in tumor growth and survival mechanisms. This review bridges the gap between ncRNAs and TIE and broadens our understanding of their relationship, providing new insights and strategies to improve immunotherapy response rates by specifically targeting the ncRNAs involved in TIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Zhilin Qiu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yujuan Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jiena Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shipeng Ning
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yanling Yin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Da Pang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China. .,Heilongjiang Academy of Medical Sciences, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Shouping Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Lin S, Song S, Sun R, Zhang M, Du Y, Zhang D, Xu W, Wang H. Oncogenic circular RNA Hsa‐circ‐000684 interacts with microRNA‐186 to upregulate ZEB1 in gastric cancer. FASEB J 2020; 34:8187-8203. [PMID: 32388910 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903246r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Lin
- Department of Digestive Disease The Second Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan P. R. China
| | - Suzhen Song
- Department of Internal Medicine Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ji'nan P. R. China
| | - Rong Sun
- Central Laboratory The Second Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan P. R. China
| | - Mingbao Zhang
- Department of Digestive Disease The Second Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan P. R. China
| | - Yating Du
- Department of Digestive Disease The Second Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan P. R. China
| | - Dongdong Zhang
- Department of Digestive Disease The Second Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan P. R. China
| | - Weihua Xu
- Department of Digestive Disease The Second Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Wang
- Department of Digestive Disease The Second Hospital of Shandong University Ji'nan P. R. China
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