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Xie JB, Xie P, Guo M, Li FF, Xiao MY, Qi YS, Pei WJ, Luo HT, Gu YL, Piao XL. Protective effect of heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum on high fat diet-induced glucose metabolic disorders mice. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1215150. [PMID: 37822878 PMCID: PMC10563512 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1215150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose metabolic disorders (GMD) can promote insulin resistance (IR) and diabetes, and damage liver and kidney. Gynostemma pentaphyllum is commonly used in the clinical treatment of diabetes, but the research on its main active constituents and GMD has not been reported yet. This study explores the therapeutic potential of gypenosides of heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum (HGyp) on high-fat diet-induced GMD in mice. HGyp was administered at different doses for 12 weeks. The investigation encompassed an array of parameters, including body weight, blood lipids, blood glucose, and liver tissue components. Metabolomic and network analyses were conducted to uncover potential targets and pathways associated with HGyp treatment. The results revealed that HGyp alleviated GMD by reducing body weight, blood glucose, and improving blood lipids levels, while increasing liver glycogen and antioxidant enzyme levels. Additionally, HGyp exhibited protective effects on liver and kidney health by reducing tissue damage. Fourteen blood components were detected by LC-MS. Metabolomic and network analyses indicated the potential engagement of the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in the therapeutic effects of HGyp.Furthermore, Western blot and ELISA assays confirmed that HGyp upregulated GLO1 and GLUT4 while down-regulating AGEs and RAGE expression in liver tissue. In light of these findings, HGyp demonstrates promise as a potential therapeutic candidate for combating GMD, warranting further exploration in the development of therapeutic strategies or functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yu-Long Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
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2
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Hegde M, Girisa S, Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Mohan CD, Warrier S, Hui KM, Rangappa KS, Sethi G, Kunnumakkara AB. Natural compounds targeting nuclear receptors for effective cancer therapy. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2023; 42:765-822. [PMID: 36482154 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-022-10068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Human nuclear receptors (NRs) are a family of forty-eight transcription factors that modulate gene expression both spatially and temporally. Numerous biochemical, physiological, and pathological processes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, metabolism, immune modulation, development, reproduction, and aging are extensively orchestrated by different NRs. The involvement of dysregulated NRs and NR-mediated signaling pathways in driving cancer cell hallmarks has been thoroughly investigated. Targeting NRs has been one of the major focuses of drug development strategies for cancer interventions. Interestingly, rapid progress in molecular biology and drug screening reveals that the naturally occurring compounds are promising modern oncology drugs which are free of potentially inevitable repercussions that are associated with synthetic compounds. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to draw our attention to the potential therapeutic effects of various classes of natural compounds that target NRs such as phytochemicals, dietary components, venom constituents, royal jelly-derived compounds, and microbial derivatives in the establishment of novel and safe medications for cancer treatment. This review also emphasizes molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways that are leveraged to promote the anti-cancer effects of these natural compounds. We have also critically reviewed and assessed the advantages and limitations of current preclinical and clinical studies on this subject for cancer prophylaxis. This might subsequently pave the way for new paradigms in the discovery of drugs that target specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Nikunj Naliyadhara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Radiological Sciences Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- BioImaging Unit, Space Research Centre, University of Leicester, Michael Atiyah Building, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
| | - Mohamed Abbas
- Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Electronics and Communications Department, College of Engineering, Delta University for Science and Technology, 35712, Gamasa, Egypt
| | | | - Sudha Warrier
- Division of Cancer Stem Cells and Cardiovascular Regeneration, School of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
- Cuor Stem Cellutions Pvt Ltd, Manipal Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Bangalore, 560065, India
| | - Kam Man Hui
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre, Singapore, 169610, Singapore
| | | | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781039, Assam, India.
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Salim R, Nehvi IB, Mir RA, Tyagi A, Ali S, Bhat OM. A review on anti-nutritional factors: unraveling the natural gateways to human health. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1215873. [PMID: 37720376 PMCID: PMC10501406 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1215873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans are constantly facing multiple health challenges from both communicable and non-communicable diseases that significantly affect their health. Additionally, drug resistance or failure has made the situation even worse and poses serious challenges for researchers to develop new drugs. Hence, to address these problems, there is an urgent need to discover and develop timely and long-term-based therapeutic treatments from different sources. One such approach is harnessing the potential of plant secondary metabolites. Plants have been utilized for therapeutic purposes in addition to being used for nutritional benefits. In the last two decades, plant-based drug developments have been one of the effective means of treating human diseases owing to their multiple functions. More recently, anti-nutritional factors (ANFs) have emerged as one of the important targets for novel plant-based drug development due to their multifaceted and potential pharmacological properties. However, their anti-nutritional properties have been the major setback for their limited success in the pharmacological sector. In this review, we provide an overview of ANFs and their beneficial roles in preventing human diseases with multiple case studies. We also highlight the recent developments and applications of ANFs in the food industry, agriculture, and pharmaceutics with future perspectives. Furthermore, we evaluate meta-analyses on ANFs from the last 30 years in relation to their function in human health benefits. This review is an endeavor to reevaluate the merit of these natural compounds and explore their potential for both human and animal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Salim
- Division of Food Science and Technology, SKUAST, Shalimar, India
| | | | - Rakeeb Ahmad Mir
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
| | - Anshika Tyagi
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Owais M. Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
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Zhang Y, Hao R, Chen J, Li S, Huang K, Cao H, Farag MA, Battino M, Daglia M, Capanoglu E, Zhang F, Sun Q, Xiao J, Sun Z, Guan X. Health benefits of saponins and its mechanisms: perspectives from absorption, metabolism, and interaction with gut. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37216483 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2212063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Saponins, consisting of sapogenins as their aglycones and carbohydrate chains, are widely found in plants and some marine organisms. Due to the complexity of the structure of saponins, involving different types of sapogenins and sugar moieties, investigation of their absorption and metabolism is limited, which further hinders the explanation of their bioactivities. Large molecular weight and complex structures limit the direct absorption of saponins rendering their low bioavailability. As such, their major modes of action may be due to interaction with the gastrointestinal environment, such as enzymes and nutrients, and interaction with the gut microbiota. Many studies have reported the interaction between saponins and gut microbiota, that is, the effects of saponins on changing the composition of gut microbiota, and gut microbiota playing an indispensable role in the biotransformation of saponins into sapogenins. However, the metabolic routes of saponins by gut microbiota and their mutual interactions are still sparse. Thus, this review summarizes the chemistry, absorption, and metabolic pathways of saponins, as well as their interactions with gut microbiota and impacts on gut health, to better understand how saponins exert their health-promoting functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruojie Hao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Junda Chen
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Li
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Huang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Cao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Research Group on Foods, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Maria Daglia
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Food Engineering Department, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Qiqi Sun
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Ourense, Spain
| | - Zhenliang Sun
- Joint Center for Translational Medicine, Southern Medical University Affiliated Fengxian Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Guan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- National Grain Industry (Urban Grain and Oil Security) Technology Innovation Center, Shanghai, China
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Gan J, Li Y, Tang D, Guo B, Li D, Cao F, Sun C, Yu L, Yan Z. The Complete Chloroplast Genomes of Gynostemma Reveal the Phylogenetic Relationships of Species within the Genus. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040929. [PMID: 37107687 PMCID: PMC10138119 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma is an important medicinal and food plant of the Cucurbitaceae family. The phylogenetic position of the genus Gynostemma in the Cucurbitaceae family has been determined by morphology and phylogenetics, but the evolutionary relationships within the genus Gynostemma remain to be explored. The chloroplast genomes of seven species of the genus Gynostemma were sequenced and annotated, of which the genomes of Gynostemma simplicifolium, Gynostemma guangxiense and Gynostemma laxum were sequenced and annotated for the first time. The chloroplast genomes ranged from 157,419 bp (Gynostemma compressum) to 157,840 bp (G. simplicifolium) in length, including 133 identical genes: 87 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, eight rRNA genes and one pseudogene. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genus Gynostemma is divided into three primary taxonomic clusters, which differs from the traditional morphological classification of the genus Gynostemma into the subgenus Gynostemma and Trirostellum. The highly variable regions of atpH-atpL, rpl32-trnL, and ccsA-ndhD, the repeat unilts of AAG/CTT and ATC/ATG in simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and the length of overlapping regions between rps19 and inverted repeats(IRb) and between ycf1 and small single-copy (SSC) were found to be consistent with the phylogeny. Observations of fruit morphology of the genus Gynostemma revealed that transitional state species have independent morphological characteristics, such as oblate fruit and inferior ovaries. In conclusion, both molecular and morphological results showed consistency with those of phylogenetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxia Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Deying Tang
- Yunnan Branch of Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinghong 666100, China
| | - Baolin Guo
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Doudou Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liying Yu
- Guangxi Botanical Garden of Medicinal Plant, Guangxi TCM Resources General Survey and Data Collection Key Laboratory, Nanning 530023, China
| | - Zhuyun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Characteristic Chinese Medicine Resources in Southwest China, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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Biopreservative Effect of the Tunisian Halophyte Lobularia maritima Flavonoid Fraction, Used Alone and in Combination with Linalool in Stored Minced Beef Meat. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030371. [PMID: 36984811 PMCID: PMC10057118 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, Lobularia maritima (Lm) flavonoid extract (LmFV) was characterized by HPLC analyses and five compounds were detected. Further, to describe the chemical content of the matrix, GC-MS analyses after silylation were performed; the obtained results showed the presence of a large number of components belonging to several chemical classes, mostly sugar alcohols, sugars, fatty acids, and terpenes. Firstly, the antibacterial activities of this fraction and linalool (Lin) were evaluated against eight foodborne pathogenic strains with MIC values between 2.3 and 5.8 mg/mL and 0.23 and 0.7 mg/mL, respectively. Then, the antioxidant activity of both was evaluated by the DPPH antiradical test and the phosphomolybdenum test. Furthermore, the biopreservative effect of LmFV alone and in combination with Lin on minced beef stored at 4 °C for 14 days was evaluated using microbiological and physiochemical tests. LmFV at 4.6% alone significantly reduced microbial spoilage in ground meat (p < 0.05). The combination of LmFV (4.6%) and Lin (0.46%) was more effective than LmFV alone in inhibiting bacterial contamination, reducing TBARS values and the risk of bacterial contamination, and reducing the accumulation of Met myoglobin (MetMb). This combination, therefore, extends the shelf life of the product by about 10 days. Based on these microbiological results and physicochemical parameters, it can be stated that the addition of Lin potentiates the flavonoid fraction of L. maritima more strongly against the deterioration of meat quality by significantly improving its biopreservative effect as a natural conservative.
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7
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Pathaw N, Devi KS, Sapam R, Sanasam J, Monteshori S, Phurailatpam S, Devi HC, Chanu WT, Wangkhem B, Mangang NL. A comparative review on the anti-nutritional factors of herbal tea concoctions and their reduction strategies. Front Nutr 2022; 9:988964. [PMID: 36276812 PMCID: PMC9581206 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.988964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Tea is an important beverage consumed worldwide. Of the different types of tea available, herbal tea is an important beverage consumed owing to its popularity as a drink and stress relieving factors, several different herbal concoctions made from seeds, leaves, or roots are currently consumed and sold as herbal teas. The herbal teas are not the usual tea but "tisanes." They are caffeine free and popular for their medicinal property or immune boosters. Herbal tea formulations are popularly sold and consumed by millions owing to their health benefits as they are rich in antioxidants and minerals. However, plants are also known to contain toxic and anti-nutritional factors. Anti-nutritional factors are known to interfere with the metabolic process and hamper the absorption of important nutrients in the body. These anti-nutritional factors include saponins, tannins, alkaloids, oxalates, lectins, goitrogens, cyanogens, and lethogens. These chemicals are known to have deleterious effects on human health. Therefore, it is important to understand and assess the merits and demerits before consumption. Also, several techniques are currently used to process and reduce the anti-nutrients in foods. This review is focused on comparing the contents of various anti-nutritional factors in some underutilized plants of North-East India used as herbal tea along with processing methods that can be used to reduce the level of these anti-nutrients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeta Pathaw
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Konjengbam Sarda Devi
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Redina Sapam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Jyotsana Sanasam
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Sapam Monteshori
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Sumitra Phurailatpam
- Multi Technology Testing Centre and Vocational Training Centre, College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | | | | | - Baby Wangkhem
- College of Agriculture, Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Naorem Loya Mangang
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Imphal, Manipur, India
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Kim YH, Jung JI, Jeon YE, Kim SM, Hong SH, Kim TY, Kim EJ. Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract and its active component gypenoside L improve the exercise performance of treadmill-trained mice. Nutr Res Pract 2022; 16:298-313. [PMID: 35663444 PMCID: PMC9149325 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2022.16.3.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The effectiveness of natural compounds in improving athletic ability has attracted attention in both sports and research. Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) leaves are used to make traditional herbal medicines in Asia. The active components of G. pentaphyllum, dammarane saponins, or gypenosides, possess a range of biological activities. On the other hand, the anti-fatigue effects from G. pentaphyllum extract (GPE) and its effective compound, gypenoside L (GL), remain to be determined. MATERIALS/METHODS This study examined the effects of GPE on fatigue and exercise performance in ICR mice. GPE was administered orally to mice for 6 weeks, with or without treadmill training. The biochemical analysis in serum, glycogen content, mRNA, and protein expressions of the liver and muscle were analyzed. RESULTS The ExGPE (exercise with 300 mg/kg body weight/day of GPE) mice decreased the fat mass percentage significantly compared to the ExC mice, while the ExGPE showed the greatest lean mass percentage compared to the ExC group. The administration of GPE improved the exercise endurance and capacity in treadmill-trained mice, increased glucose and triglycerides, and decreased the serum creatine kinase and lactate levels after intensive exercise. The muscle glycogen levels were higher in the ExGPE group than the ExC group. GPE increased the level of mitochondrial biogenesis by enhancing the phosphorylation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) protein and the mRNA expression of nuclear respiratory factor 1, mitochondrial DNA, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ, superoxide dismutase 2, and by decreasing the lactate dehydrogenase B level in the soleus muscle (SOL). GPE also improved PGC-1α activation in the SOL significantly through AMPK/p38 phosphorylation. CONCLUSIONS These results showed that GPE supplementation enhances exercise performance and has anti-fatigue activity. In addition, the underlying molecular mechanism was elucidated. Therefore, GPE is a promising candidate for developing functional foods and enhancing the exercise capacity and anti-fatigue activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Hee Kim
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Jae In Jung
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Young Eun Jeon
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - So Mi Kim
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Su Hee Hong
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Tae Young Kim
- Technology Development Center, BTC Corporation, Ansan 15588, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Kim
- Regional Strategic Industry Innovation Center, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
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Sang X, Wang B, Zhao P, Ding X, Ahmad KZ, Yu J, Ding X. Harnessing Artificial Intelligence to Expedite Identification of Therapeutic Phytochemical Combination for Alcoholic Hepatic Injury. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Shanghai 201318 China
- Institute for Personalized Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Boqian Wang
- Institute for Personalized Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Shanghai 201318 China
- Institute for Personalized Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Xiaolong Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Shanghai 201318 China
- Institute for Personalized Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Khan Zara Ahmad
- Institute for Personalized Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Jianhua Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Shanghai 201318 China
- Institute for Personalized Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China
| | - Xianting Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Shanghai 201318 China
- Institute for Personalized Medicine School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200030 China
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10
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Taher RF, Raslan MA, Masoud MA, Nassar MI, Aboutabl ME. HPLC-ESI/MS profiling, phytoconstituent isolation and evaluation of renal function, oxidative stress and inflammation in gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats of Ficus spragueana Mildbr. & Burret. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e5135. [PMID: 33818792 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Ficus spragueana Mildbr. & Burret (family Moraceae) was reported to have various biological activities. However, its activity in treatment of renal injury has not been investigated yet. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of F. spragueana leaf extract on nephrotoxicity caused by gentamicin. Gentamicin is an important broad-spectrum antibiotic; nevertheless, it exhibits serious nephrotoxic adverse effects. HPLC-ESI/MS spectrometric analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 37 phenolic compounds. Moreover, five compounds were isolated from the leaf extract, and identified on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The isolated compounds were syringic acid (1), p-coumaric acid (2), 3',5' O-dicaffeoylquinic acid (3), luteolin-8-C-β-D glucopyranoside (orientin) (4) and 8-methoxy kaempferol-3-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl (1→2) β-D-glucopyranoside] (5). The gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity model was used to evaluate the protective effect of F. spragueana on renal toxicity biomarkers throughout the development of acute kidney injury. Administration of extract led to improvement in kidney function through inhibition of kidney injury molecule-1, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and total bilirubin, as well as decreasing the inflammatory markers interlukin1-beta and myeloperoxidase. Furthermore, it reduced the oxidative stress by increasing reduced glutathione and total antioxidant capacity levels while decreasing malondialdehyde and nitric oxide content, and improved renal histopathological injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab F Taher
- Natural Compounds Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona A Raslan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Marwa A Masoud
- Pharmacology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Egyptian Drug Authority, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud I Nassar
- Natural Compounds Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID 60014618), Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona E Aboutabl
- Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department (Pharmacology Group), Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (ID 60014618), Giza, Egypt
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11
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Nguyen NH, Ha TKQ, Yang JL, Pham HTT, Oh WK. Triterpenoids from the genus Gynostemma: Chemistry and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 268:113574. [PMID: 33186700 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE G. pentaphyllum, also known as Jiao-Gu-Lan, has been used traditionally as folk remedies for many diseases, including diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases in China and some countries in East and Southeast Asia. It is considered as an "immortality herb" in Guizhou Province, because it was consumed regularly by the elderly native inhabitants. Other species of the same genus Gynostemma such as G. longipes and G. laxum have been used as alternatives to G. pentaphyllum in ethno-medicine in Vietnam and other Asian countries. AIM OF THE REVIEW The review aims to summarize up-to-date study results on Gynostemma species, including traditional usage, phytochemical profile, pharmacological activities, and toxicological studies, in order to suggest future research orientation and therapeutic applications on acute and chronic diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS The relevant literature on the genus Gynostemma was gathered from secondary databases (Web of Science and PubMed), books, and official websites. The latest literature cited in this review was published in February 2020. RESULTS The genus Gynostemma has been widely used in traditional medicine, mainly for treatment of diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and hepatosteatosis. To date, 328 dammarane-type saponins were isolated and structurally elucidated from Gynostemma species. Crude extracts, saponin-rich fractions (gypenosides), and pure compounds were reported to show a wide range of pharmacological activities in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. The most notable pharmacological effects were anti-cancer, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, and anti-inflammatory activities. Toxicological studies were conducted only on G. pentaphyllum, showing that the plant extracts were relatively safe in both acute and long-term toxicity experiments at the given dosage while no toxicological studies were reported for the other species. CONCLUSIONS The review summarizes current studies on traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological properties, and toxicology of medicinal Gynostemma species. Till now, the majority of publications still focused only on G. pentaphyllum. However, the promising preliminary data of other Gynostemma species indicated the research potential of this genus, both in phytochemical and pharmacological aspects. Furthermore, clinical data are required to evaluate the efficacy and undesired effects of crude extracts, standard saponin fractions, and pure compounds prepared from Gynostemma medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Hieu Nguyen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, PHENIKAA University, Hanoi, 12116, Viet Nam; PHENIKAA Research and Technology Institute (PRATI), A&A Green Phoenix Group JSC, No. 167 Hoang Ngan, Trung Hoa, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 11313, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Kim Quy Ha
- College of Natural Sciences, Cantho University, Campus II, Cantho City, Viet Nam
| | - Jun-Li Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources of CAS and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, PR China
| | - Ha Thanh Tung Pham
- Department of Botany, Hanoi University of Pharmacy, Hanoi, 100000, Viet Nam
| | - Won Keun Oh
- Korea Bioactive Natural Material Bank, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Iglesias-Carres L, Hughes MD, Steele CN, Ponder MA, Davy KP, Neilson AP. Use of dietary phytochemicals for inhibition of trimethylamine N-oxide formation. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 91:108600. [PMID: 33577949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been reported as a risk factor for atherosclerosis development, as well as for other cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathologies. The objective of this review is to provide a useful summary on the use of phytochemicals as TMAO-reducing agents. This review discusses the main mechanisms by which TMAO promotes CVD, including the modulation of lipid and bile acid metabolism, and the promotion of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Current knowledge on the available strategies to reduce TMAO formation are discussed, highlighting the effect and potential of phytochemicals. Overall, phytochemicals (i.e., phenolic compounds or glucosinolates) reduce TMAO formation by modulating gut microbiota composition and/or function, inhibiting host's capacity to metabolize TMA to TMAO, or a combination of both. Perspectives for design of future studies involving phytochemicals as TMAO-reducing agents are discussed. Overall, the information provided by this review outlines the current state of the art of the role of phytochemicals as TMAO reducing agents, providing valuable insight to further advance in this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisard Iglesias-Carres
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC
| | - Michael D Hughes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Cortney N Steele
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Monica A Ponder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Kevin P Davy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Andrew P Neilson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC.
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Yang C, Zhao Y, Ren D, Yang X. Protective Effect of Saponins-Enriched Fraction of Gynostemma pentaphyllum against High Choline-Induced Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction and Hepatic Damage in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:463-473. [PMID: 32115504 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Choline as a quaternary amine nutrient is metabolized to trimethylamine by gut microbiota and subsequently oxidized to circulating trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a gut-derived metabolite associated with liver toxicity and cardiovascular disease. The study was to probe the possible vasoprotective and hepatoprotective effects of total saponins of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (TSGP) in 3% high-choline water-feeding mice. The purified TSGP was obtained with content of 83.0% saponins, and its antioxidant activities were evaluated in vitro. Furthermore, the mice fed with high choline for 8 weeks significantly expressed vascular endothelial dysfunction and liver oxidative stress (p < 0.01 vs. Normal). Administration of TSGP at 400 and 800 mg/kg·body weight (b.w.) significantly lowered the serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) levels, as well as hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) formation, but effectively elevated the serum nitric oxide (NO), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) levels, as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), T-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in high choline-fed mice. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and oil red O staining also suggested that TSGP could exert the significant protection against endothelial dysfunction and liver injury in high choline-treated mice. These findings suggest that TSGP is of the saponins-enriched extract, and is a good candidate of dietary supplement and therapeutic application in vascular and hepatic oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Daoyuan Ren
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Medicinal Resource and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University
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Abstract
Modern society has easy access to a vast informational database. The pursuit of sustainable green and healthy lifestyle leads to a series of food choices. Therefore, it is of importance to provide reliable, comprehensive and up-to-date information about food content including both nutritional and antinutritional elements.
Nutrients are associated with positive effects on human health. Antinutrients, on the other hand, are far less popular for the contemporary man. They are highly bioactive, capable of deleterious effects as well as some beneficial health effects in man, and vastly available in plant-based foods. These compounds are of natural or synthetic origin, interfere with the absorption of nutrients, and can be responsible for some mischievous effects related to the nutrient absorption. Some of the common symptoms exhibited by a large amount of antinutrients in the body can be nausea, bloating, headaches, rashes, nutritional deficiencies, etc. Phytates, oxalates, and lectins are few of the well-known antinutrients.
Science has acknowledged several ways in order to alter the negative influence antinutrients exhibiting on human health. Mechanical, thermal and biochemical approaches act synergistically to provide food with lower antinutritional levels.
The purpose of this review was to synthesize the availability of antinutrients, clear their effect on the human body, and commemorate possible paths to disable them. This review provides links to the available literature as well as enables a systematic view of the recently published research on the topic of plant-based antinutrients.
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Simultaneous analysis of natural pigments and E-141i in olive oils by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:5577-5591. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01939-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Liu X, Jing X, Li G. A process to acquire essential oil by distillation concatenated liquid-liquid extraction and flavonoids by solid-liquid extraction simultaneously from Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench inflorescences under ionic liquid-microwave mediated. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Gypenoside LVI attenuates foam cell formation by promoting cholesterol export and inhibiting inflammation response. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
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Xing SF, Liu LH, Zu ML, Ding XF, Cui WY, Chang T, Piao XL. The inhibitory effect of gypenoside stereoisomers, gypenoside L and gypenoside LI, isolated from Gynostemma pentaphyllum on the growth of human lung cancer A549 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 219:161-172. [PMID: 29545210 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Gypenosides are major constituents in Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino. Previous studies have shown that gypenosides isolated from G. pentaphyllum possess inhibitory effect on the growth of cancer cells, especially A549 cells, with structure-activity relationship (SAR). However, the underlying mechanism of gypenoside-induced A549 cell death remains to be clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY To further investigate SAR and the underlying mechanism of gypenosides in A549 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gypenosides were isolated from G. pentaphyllum using chromatography methods and identified using MS and NMR data. The cytotoxicity was determined with CCK-8 assay. The effects of gypenosides on apoptosis, cell cycle and migration were investigated through cell morphology observation, flow cytometry analysis and key proteins detection. RESULTS Three gypenosides, 2α,3β,12β,20(S)-tetrahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, gypenoside L and gypenoside LI were isolated from G. pentaphyllum. Gypenoside stereoisomers, gypenoside L (S configuration at C20) and gypenoside LI (R configuration at C20) showed stronger activity against A549 cells. Furthermore, both induced A549 cell apoptosis through intrinsic and extrinsic pathways evidenced by reducing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), releasing more cytochrome c and down-regulating procaspase 8. However, gypenoside L blocked A549 cells in G0/G1, while gypenoside LI induced G2/M arrest, which was further verified by different expression of CDK1, CDK2 and CDK4. In addition, both inhibited A549 cell migration, which was evidenced by down-regulation of MMP-2/9 as well as scratch wound assay and transwell assay. CONCLUSION C20 of gypenoside played an important role in A549 cell cytotoxicity and gypenoside stereoisomers could be used as potential multi-target chemopreventive agents for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Fang Xing
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, PR China
| | - Lin-Hua Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, Dalian 116044, PR China
| | - Ma-Li Zu
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Glycobiology, Dalian Medical University, Liaoning, Dalian 116044, PR China
| | - Xiao-Fan Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, PR China
| | - Wei-Ye Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, PR China
| | - Tuo Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, PR China
| | - Xiang-Lan Piao
- School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China; Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Minzu University of China, PR China.
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Quantification of major phenolic and flavonoid markers in forage crop Lolium multiflorum using HPLC-DAD. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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20
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Hong M, Cai Z, Song L, Liu Y, Wang Q, Feng X. Gynostemma pentaphyllum Attenuates the Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice: A Biomedical Investigation Integrated with In Silico Assay. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:8384631. [PMID: 29743925 PMCID: PMC5884411 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8384631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common type of liver disease in developed countries. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the progression of NAFLD. Modern pharmacological study and clinical trials have demonstrated the remarkable antioxidant activity of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) in chronic liver disease. One aim of this study was to explore the potential protective effects and mechanisms of action of GP extract on NAFLD. The in vivo results showed that GP extract could alleviate fatty degeneration and haptic fibrosis in NAFLD mice. For exploring the hepatoprotective mechanisms of GP, we used network pharmacology to predict the potential active components of GP and their intracellular targets in NAFLD. Based on the network pharmacology results, we further utilized biomedical assays to validate this in silico prediction. The results showed that Gypenoside XL could upregulate the protein level of PPARα in NAFLD; the transcription level of several PPARα downstream target genes such as acyl-CoA oxidase (ACO) and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1) also increased after Gypenoside XL treatment. The overexpression of ACO and CPT-1 may involve the hepatoprotective effects of GP and Gypenoside XL on NAFLD by regulating mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hong
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Zhe Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Lei Song
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Xiangfei Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, 665 Kongjiang Rd., Shanghai, China
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Huang Y, Tang G, Zhang T, Fillet M, Crommen J, Jiang Z. Supercritical fluid chromatography in traditional Chinese medicine analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 147:65-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Keilhoff G, Esser T, Titze M, Ebmeyer U, Schild L. Gynostemma pentaphyllum is neuroprotective in a rat model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:6034-6046. [PMID: 29250141 PMCID: PMC5729372 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.5315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Asphyxial cardiac arrest (ACA)-induced ischemia results in acute and delayed neuronal cell death. The early reperfusion phase is critical for the outcome. Intervention strategies directed to this period are promising to reduce ACA/resuscitation-dependent impairments. This study focused on the evaluation of the protective potential of an extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP), a plant used in traditional medicine with antioxidative, glucose lowering and neuroprotective activities, in an ACA rat model. We tested the following parameters: i) Basic systemic parameters such as pCO2 and blood glucose value within the first 30 min post-ACA; ii) mitochondrial response by determining activities of citrate synthase, respiratory chain complexes I + III and II + III, and the composition of cardiolipin 6 and 24 h post-ACA; iii) neuronal vitality of the CA1 hippocampal region by immunohistochemistry 24 h and 7 days post-ACA; and iv) cognitive function by a novel object recognition test 7 days post-ACA. GP, administered after reaching spontaneous circulation, counteracted the following: i) ACA-mediated increases in arterial CO2 tension and blood glucose values; ii) transient increase in the activity of the respiratory chain complexes II + III; iii) elevation in cardiolipin content; iv) hippocampal CA1 neurodegeneration, and v) loss of normal novelty-object seeking. The protective effects of GP were accompanied by side effects of the vehicle DMSO, such as the stimulation of citrate synthase activity in control animals, inhibition of cardiolipin synthesis in ACA animals and complex II + III activity in both control and ACA animals. The results emphasize the importance of the early post-resuscitation phase for the neurological outcome after ACA/resuscitation, and demonstrated the power of GP substitution as neuroprotective intervention. Moreover, the results underline the need of a careful handling of the popular vehicle DMSO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerburg Keilhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Torben Esser
- Department of Anesthesiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Titze
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Ebmeyer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Lorenz Schild
- Department of Pathological Biochemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Buravlev EV, Shevchenko OG, Chukicheva IY, Kutchin AV. Synthesis and membrane-protective properties of aminomethyl derivatives of quercetin at the C-8 position. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0272-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wang Y, Zhao M, Wang M, Zhao C. Profiling analysis of amino acids from hyperlipidaemic rats treated with Gynostemma pentaphyllum and atorvastatin. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2254-2263. [PMID: 26958976 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2016.1152278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Context Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hyperlipidaemic with a long history. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) and atorvastatin on amino acids from the plasma and liver tissue of hyperlipidaemic rats. Materials and methods The rats were fed a high-fat diet continuously for 11 weeks for the construction of hyperlipidaemic model. The hyperlipidaemic rats were treated with Gynostemma pentaphyllum (120 mg/kg) and atorvastatin (1.8 mg/kg) for 4 weeks, and the rats were intragastric administration one time every day. Chromatographic separation was performed on a Shim-pack XR-ODSIII C18 analytical column (75 mm × 2.0 mm i.d., 1.6 μm, Shmadazu Corp., Tokyo, Japan). The biomarkers of amino acids were identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Results After feeding with a high-fat diet, the TC and LDL-C values of the hyperlipidaemic mode rats increased dramatically (p < 0.01). The established method allowed a target analysis of 12 kinds of amino acids. PCA studies showed that the plasma amino acids had not returned to normal after GP treatment, but those had recovered slightly after atorvastatin treatment. GP has almost no impact on the metabolism of amino acids, while atorvastatin can modify the metabolism of amino acids via self-regulatory mechanisms. Discussion and conclusion UPLC/DAD combined with SCX-SPE can be successfully used for profiling analysis of amino acids. By the comparison of biomarkers following treatment with GP and atorvastatin, the influence of the two drugs on biomarkers is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Wang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Min Zhao
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Miao Wang
- b School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , China
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Li Y, Lin W, Huang J, Xie Y, Ma W. Anti-cancer effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino ( Jiaogulan). Chin Med 2016; 11:43. [PMID: 27708693 PMCID: PMC5037898 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-016-0114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GpM) (Jiaogulan) has been widely used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of several diseases, including hepatitis, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, GpM has recently been shown to exhibit potent anti-cancer activities. In this review, we have summarized recent research progress on the anti-cancer activities and mechanisms of action of GpM, as well as determining the material basis for the anti-cancer effects of GpM by searching the PubMed, Web of Science and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. The content of this review is based on studies reported in the literature pertaining to the chemical components or anti-cancer effects of GpM up until the beginning of August, 2016. This search of the literature revealed that more than 230 compounds have been isolated from GpM, and that most of these compounds (189) were saponins, which are also known as gypenosides. All of the remaining compounds were classified as sterols, flavonoids or polysaccharides. Various extracts and fractions of GpM, as well as numerous pure compounds isolated from this herb exhibited inhibitory activity towards the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the results of several clinical studies have shown that GpM formula could have potential curative effects on cancer. Multiple mechanisms of action have been proposed regarding the anti-cancer activities of GpM, including cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, inhibition of invasion and metastasis, inhibition of glycolysis and immunomodulating activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Wanjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jiajun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Wenzhe Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
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Yang W, Zhang J, Yao C, Qiu S, Chen M, Pan H, Shi X, Wu W, Guo D. Method development and application of offline two-dimensional liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry-fast data directed analysis for comprehensive characterization of the saponins from Xueshuantong Injection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 128:322-332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.05.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jang H, Lee JW, Lee C, Jin Q, Lee MK, Lee CK, Lee MK, Hwang BY. Flavonol glycosides from the aerial parts of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and their antioxidant activity. Arch Pharm Res 2016; 39:1232-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-016-0793-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Iben Nasser I, Algieri C, Garofalo A, Drioli E, Ahmed C, Donato L. Hybrid imprinted membranes for selective recognition of quercetin. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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de Souza LM, Dartora N, Scoparo CT, Gorin PA, Iacomini M, Sassaki GL. Differentiation of flavonol glucoside and galactoside isomers combining chemical isopropylidenation with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1447:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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A new dammarane-type saponin from Gynostemma pentaphyllum induces apoptosis in A549 human lung carcinoma cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1754-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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31
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Zhang S, Liu Q, Luo H, Chen P, Wu X, Yang M, Kong W, Guo W. UFLC-MS/MS analysis of four tanshinone components in Salvia miltiorrhizae after ultrasound-assisted extraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1017-1018:204-210. [PMID: 26990735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive and rapid ultra-fast liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS/MS) method was developed for simultaneous qualitative and quantitative of four characteristic tanshione components including tanshinone IIA, cryptotanshinone, tanshinone I and dihydrotanshinone I in Salvia miltiorrhizae after ultrasound-assisted extraction. By using a C18 column, the four analytes were separated by gradient elution with acetonitrile and water both containing 0.1% formic acid at the flow rate of 0.3mL/min. Multiple-reaction monitoring (MRM) was used for quantification, and an information-dependent acquisition (IDA) method was used to trigger enhanced product ion scans (EPI) for supplementary characteristic identification for qualitative research. Calibration curves showed good linearities with correlation coefficients (r) higher than 0.9990. The method showed high sensitivity with limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) less than 0.0002ng/mL and 0.0008ng/mL, respectively, as well as good precision and reproducibility. Mean recoveries for four analytes ranged from 92.5% to 106.2% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 14.59%. Real application of the developed method in 32 batches of S. miltiorrhizae samples demonstrated that the total contents of four analytes in all samples were in the range of 2.258-52.342mg/g. Ultrasound-assisted extraction technique took a small amount of sample and low time but giving high extraction efficiency. Combining with UFLC-MS/MS method in MRM-IDA-EPI mode, more components in other complicated matrices can be simultaneously analyzed for qualitation and quantitation in one run.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Zhang
- Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Qiutao Liu
- Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China; Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Hongli Luo
- Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Guizhou Xinbang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Guiyang 550014,China
| | - Xiaoru Wu
- Guizhou Xinbang Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Guiyang 550014,China
| | - Meihua Yang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Weijun Kong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193 China.
| | - Weiying Guo
- Pharmacy College, Liaoning Medical University, Jinzhou 121001, China.
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In Vitro Anticancer Activity of a Nonpolar Fraction from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:6308649. [PMID: 27034692 PMCID: PMC4789424 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6308649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GpM) has been widely used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the treatment of various diseases including cancer. Most previous studies have focused primarily on polar fractions of GpM for anticancer activities. In this study, a nonpolar fraction EA1.3A from GpM showed potent growth inhibitory activities against four cancer cell lines with IC50 ranging from 31.62 μg/mL to 38.02 μg/mL. Furthermore, EA1.3A also inhibited the growth of breast cancer cell MDA-MB-453 time-dependently, as well as its colony formation ability. EA1.3A induced apoptosis on MDA-MB-453 cells both dose-dependently and time-dependently as analyzed by flow cytometry and verified by western blotting analysis of apoptosis marker cleaved nuclear poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (cPARP). Additionally, EA1.3A induced cell cycle arrest in G0/G1 phase. Chemical components analysis of EA1.3A by GC-MS revealed that this nonpolar fraction from GpM contains 10 compounds including four alkaloids, three organic esters, two terpenes, and one catechol substance, and all these compounds have not been reported in GpM. In summary, the nonpolar fraction EA1.3A from GpM inhibited cancer cell growth through induction of apoptosis and regulation of cell cycle progression. Our study shed light on new chemical bases for the anticancer activities of GpM and feasibilities to develop new anticancer agents from this widely used medicinal plant.
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Wang L, Wang X, Wang P, Xiao Y, Liu Q. Optimization of supercritical carbon dioxide extraction, physicochemical and cytotoxicity properties of Gynostemma pentaphyllum seed oil: A potential source of conjugated linolenic acids. Sep Purif Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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34
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Gong L, Haiyu X, Wang L, Xiaojie Y, Huijun Y, Songsong W, Cheng L, Ma X, Gao S, Liang R, Yang H. Identification and evaluation of the chemical similarity of Yindan xinnaotong samples by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry fingerprinting. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:611-22. [PMID: 26634631 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201500836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Yindan xinnaotong, a compound preparation used in traditional Chinese medicine, is composed of eight herbs: Ginkgo biloba leaf (yinxingye), Salvia miltiorrhizae (danshen), Herba gynostemmatis (jiaogulan), Erigerontis herba (dengzhanxixin), Allii sativi bulbus (dasuan), Notoginseng radixe rhizoma (sanqi), Crataegi fructus (shanzha), and Borneolum (tianranbingpian). Yindan xinnaotong is primarily used to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, to date, no scientific methods have been established to assess the quality of Yindan xinnaotong. Therefore, a combinatorial method was developed based on chemical constituent identification and fingerprint analysis to assess the consistency of Yindan xinnaotong quality. In this study, ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to identify the chemical components of Yindan xinnaotong soft capsules. Approximately 74 components were detected, of which 70, including flavonoids, ginkgolide, phenolic acid, diterpenoid tanshinones, and ginsenoside, were tentatively identified. A fingerprint analysis was also conducted to evaluate the uniformity of the quality of Yindan xinnaotong soft capsules. Ten batches of Yindan xinnaotong soft capsules were analyzed. All of the resulting chromatograms were imported into the "Similarity Evaluation System for Chromatographic Fingerprints of TCM" (Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission, version 2004A). The similarity scores of common peaks from these samples ranged from 0.903-1.000, indicating that samples from different batches were highly correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leilei Gong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xu Haiyu
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yin Xiaojie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Huijun
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Wang Songsong
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China.,School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Long Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Resource Utilisation of the Chinese Herbal Medicine Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Shuangrong Gao
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Rixin Liang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Hongjun Yang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing, P. R. China
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35
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Zhang L, Lin Y, Guan H, Hu L, Pan G. Simultaneous determination of gypenoside LVI, gypenoside XLVI, 2α-OH-protopanaxadiol and their two metabolites in rat plasma by LC–MS/MS and its application to pharmacokinetic studies. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2015; 1005:9-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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36
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Zhang Z, Bo T, Bai Y, Ye M, An R, Cheng F, Liu H. Quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry as a powerful tool for demystifying traditional Chinese medicine. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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Huang R, Lu Y, Inbaraj BS, Chen B. Determination of phenolic acids and flavonoids in Rhinacanthus nasutus (L.) kurz by high-performance-liquid-chromatography with photodiode-array detection and tandem mass spectrometry. J Funct Foods 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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38
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Metabolite profiling of gypenoside LVI in rat after oral and intravenous administration. Arch Pharm Res 2014; 38:1157-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-014-0506-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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39
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Determination of quercetin using a photo-electrochemical sensor modified with titanium dioxide and a platinum(II)-porphyrin complex. Mikrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-014-1374-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Chen DJ, Hu HG, Xing SF, Gao YJ, Xu SF, Piao XL. Metabolic profiling of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract in rat serum, urine and faeces after oral administration. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 969:42-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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41
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Wu Q, Jang M, Piao XL. Determination by UPLC-MS of four dammarane-type saponins from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 78:311-6. [PMID: 25036687 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2014.882751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum and its main dammaran-type saponins, gypenoside L, gypenoside LI, damulin B, and damulin A, possess non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cell inhibitory activity. We established in this study a method by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry for determination of the saponins and also investigated their content change in heat-processed G. pentaphyllum. The main saponins increased with increasing heating temperature and time. Further investigation showed that they were produced from gypenoside XLVI and gypenoside LVI by undergoing hydrolysis during the heat treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wu
- a Institute of Chinese Minority Traditional Medicine, Minzu University of China , Beijing , China
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42
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Cao J, Xia X, Dai X, Wang Q, Xiao J. Chemical composition and bioactivities of flavonoids-rich extract from Davallia cylindrica Ching. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2014; 37:571-9. [PMID: 24562055 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2014.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Cao
- Department of Biology, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Xian Xia
- Department of Biology, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Xiling Dai
- Department of Biology, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Quanxi Wang
- Department of Biology, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Biology, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, PR China; Research Center of Engineering Technology for Extraction of Bioactive Compounds, Anhui Academy of Applied Technology, Suixi Road 312, 230031 Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
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43
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Chen DJ, Liu HM, Xing SF, Piao XL. Cytotoxic activity of gypenosides and gynogenin against non-small cell lung carcinoma A549 cells. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:186-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Revised: 10/31/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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44
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Yang F, Shi H, Zhang X, Yu LL. Two novel anti-inflammatory 21-nordammarane saponins from tetraploid Jiaogulan ( Gynostemma pentaphyllum ). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:12646-12652. [PMID: 24320209 DOI: 10.1021/jf404726z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two novel 20-oxo-21-nordammar-22, 24-diene saponins, 21-norgypenosides A (1) and B (2), were characterized from the aerial parts of tetraploid Jiaogulan ( Gynostemma pentaphyllum ), a popular tea ingredient. Their structures, including the absolute configurations, were comprehensively elucidated by HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR data, chemical degradation, and through comparison of the experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The two compounds suppressed the expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNAs in the lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells at 10 and 100 μg/mL, suggesting their potential anti-inflammatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yang
- Institute of Food and Nutraceutical Science, SJTU-Rich Research Institute, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
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45
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Wang M, Wang F, Wang Y, Ma X, Zhao M, Zhao C. Metabonomics study of the therapeutic mechanism of Gynostemma pentaphyllum and atorvastatin for hyperlipidemia in rats. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78731. [PMID: 24223845 PMCID: PMC3815346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP) is widely used for the treatment of diseases such as hyperlipidemia, fatty liver and obesity in China, and atorvastatin is broadly used as an anti-hyperlipidemia drug. This research focuses on the plasma and liver metabolites in the following four groups of rats: control, a hyperlipidemia model, a hyperlipidemia model treated with GP and a hyperlipidemia model treated with atorvastatin. Using 1H-NMR-based metabonomics, we elucidated the therapeutic mechanisms of GP and atorvastatin. Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) plotting of the metabolic state and analysis of potential biomarkers in the plasma and liver correlated well with the results of biochemical assays. GP can effectively affect lipid metabolism, and it exerts its anti-hyperlipidemia effect by elevating the level of phosphatidylcholine and decreasing the level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). In contrast, atorvastatin affects hyperlipidemia mainly during lipid metabolism and protein metabolism in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- College of Information Sci. and Eng., Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yinan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
- * E-mail:
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46
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Zhao J, Deng J, Chen Y, Li S. Advanced phytochemical analysis of herbal tea in China. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:2-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Chiranthanut N, Teekachunhatean S, Panthong A, Khonsung P, Kanjanapothi D, Lertprasertsuk N. Toxicity evaluation of standardized extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 149:228-234. [PMID: 23796877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE To evaluate the safety of standardized extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS The water extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum was prepared and standardized, the dry powder yielded 6% gypenosides. In the acute oral toxicity test, the single oral dose of 5000 mg/kg of Gynostemma pentaphyllum extract was given to female Sprague-Dawley rats. In subchronic toxicity test, the oral dose of 1000 mg/kg/day of the extract was given to rats in treatment and satellite groups for 90 days. Satellite groups of both sexes were kept for additional 28 days after 90-day treatment. Control rats received distilled water. RESULTS Standardized extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum did not cause death or any toxic signs in rats. The daily administration of the extract for 90 days did not produce lethal or harmful effects. Although certain hematological and blood chemistry values (i.e., neutrophil, monocyte, glucose, and serum alkaline phosphatase levels) were found to be statistically different from the control group, however; these values were within the ranges of normal rats. CONCLUSION Standardized extract of Gynostemma pentaphyllum did not produce mortality or any abnormality in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natthakarn Chiranthanut
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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48
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Piao XL, Wu Q, Yang J, Park SY, Chen DJ, Liu HM. Dammarane-type saponins from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum show fortified activity against A549 cells. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 36:874-9. [PMID: 23508742 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
An ethanol extract from heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum showed more potent cytotoxic activity against human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells than that of raw G. pentaphyllum. Four constituents were isolated from heat-processed G. pentaphyllum using resin HP-20, silica gel and reversed ODS column chromatography. They were identified by mass and NMR spectra as damulin A and damulin B, gypenoside L and gypenoside LI, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of these four constituents, the MTT cytotoxicity assay was performed using A549 cells. Based on the structure of these four constituents, the results indicate that the hydroxyl group in C-2 and double bond in C20(21) and C20(22) positions are of importance in inhibition of A549 cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Lan Piao
- Institute of Chinese Minority Traditional Medicine, Minzu University of China, No. 27, Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
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A molecularly imprinted polymer with incorporated graphene oxide for electrochemical determination of quercetin. SENSORS 2013; 13:5493-506. [PMID: 23698263 PMCID: PMC3690011 DOI: 10.3390/s130505493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The molecularly imprinted polymer based on polypyrrole film with incorporated graphene oxide was fabricated and used for electrochemical determination of quercetin. The electrochemical behavior of quercetin on the modified electrode was studied in detail using differential pulse voltammetry. The oxidation peak current of quercetin in B-R buffer solution (pH = 3.5) at the modified electrode was regressed with the concentration in the range from 6.0 × 10−7 to 1.5 × 10−5 mol/L (r2 = 0.997) with a detection limit of 4.8 × 10−8 mol/L (S/N = 3). This electrode showed good stability and reproducibility. In the above mentioned range, rutin or morin which has similar structures and at the same concentration as quercetin did not interfere with the determination of quercetin. The applicability of the method for complex matrix analysis was also evaluated.
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50
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Lu JG, Zhu L, Lo KYW, Leung AKM, Ho AHM, Zhang HY, Zhao ZZ, Fong DWF, Jiang ZH. Chemical differentiation of two taste variants of Gynostemma pentaphyllum by using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and HPLC-ELSD. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:90-97. [PMID: 23173881 DOI: 10.1021/jf304154d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
To differentiate the sweet and bitter taste variants of a Chinese medicinal tea Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP), a method for the quantitative analysis of ginsenosides Rb(1), Rb(3), Rd, and F(2) in GP by using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS was developed. According to the different contents of the four ginsenosides, chemical differentiation of the two taste variants of GP was achieved by principal component analysis (PCA). A supplementary quantitative analysis method of using HPLC-ELSD for determination of 20(S)-panaxadiol in the hydrolysates of GP was also developed. Similarly, chemical differentiation based on different amounts of 20(S)-panaxadiol was established and the result was well consistent with that based on the analysis of the four ginsenosides. It was found that the amounts of the four ginsenosides and 20(S)-panaxadiol in the sweet taste variant were significantly higher than those in the bitter one. The significant difference between the sweet and bitter taste variants of GP was easily visualized in 3D-PCA score plots. The PCA loading plot also indicated the contributions among the four ginsenosides (Rd > Rb(3) > F(2) > Rb(1)) for distinguishing the two taste variants. This is the first report to describe the use of these two quantitative methods (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and HPLC-ELSD) for the accurate authentication and quality control of GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Guang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
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