1
|
Cherviakouski K, Pandey OP, Liu J, van der Zwan FM. Application of microwave digestion for complete dissolution of igneous silicate rock samples: A simple and quick sample preparation procedure. Talanta 2024; 277:126377. [PMID: 38850803 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
In the area of geochemical analyses of rock solutions, achieving a complete sample dissolution is a fundamental prerequisite for obtaining accurate, precise and reliable analytical results. The challenge posed by the presence of resistant minerals such as zircon, rutile, corundum, spinel, tourmaline, beryl, chromite, and cassiterite in different silicate rocks is a well-recognized challenge in geological studies. These minerals, due to their resilient nature, demand additional efforts to ensure complete dissolution during sample preparation. The prevailing conventional sample digestion methods require several days of laboratory work and the handling of large amounts of multiple types of acids, which also increase sample blanks. Until recently, there was a widely held belief that microwave-assisted digestion, where microwave radiation is transformed to heat, faced limitations in achieving complete dissolution of refractory minerals. This prevailing opinion led to skepticism about the applicability of microwave-assisted digestion for sample preparation of e.g. igneous rock samples containing these minerals. This study introduces a novel, universal and quick closed-vessel (pressurized) high-temperature microwave-assisted digestion method appropriate for dissolution of all major types of igneous silicate rock samples, including rocks containing refractory minerals. This streamlined and expeditious procedure, comprising three steps, requires only a total time of ∼9 h. The method proves its versatility by successfully dissolving both, mafic igneous samples (e.g., basalt) with low-content of resistant minerals, and felsic igneous samples (e.g., granite) with relatively high-content of resistant minerals. To validate the reliability of this procedure, 36 trace elements were analyzed: Li, Be, Sc, V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Hf, Ta, Pb, Th and U in several geological Certified Reference Materials (CRMs). The CRMs including basalts JB-3, BCR-2, BHVO-2; andesites JA-2, AGV-2; granodiorite GSP-2; granite JG-2 and alkaline granite MGL-OShBO, were digested and analyzed using triple quadrupole Inductively Coupled-Plasma-Mass Spectrometer (ICP-QQQ). The results of the analysis demonstrate remarkable consistency, closely aligning with both certified and literature values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klimentsi Cherviakouski
- Analytical Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Om Prakash Pandey
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jingyu Liu
- Analytical Core Lab, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Froukje M van der Zwan
- Physical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
de Mello ML, Pinheiro FC, Carnaroglio D, Nóbrega JA. Evaluation of Partial Digestion as a Strategy for Elemental Analysis of Inorganic Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP OES)—A Proof of Concept Study. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1945616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matheus L. de Mello
- Group for Applied Instrumental Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C. Pinheiro
- Group for Applied Instrumental Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Joaquim A. Nóbrega
- Group for Applied Instrumental Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vega-García S, Sánchez-García L, Prieto-Ballesteros O, Carrizo D. Molecular and isotopic biogeochemistry on recently-formed soils on King George Island (Maritime Antarctica) after glacier retreat upon warming climate. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142662. [PMID: 33049523 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Maritime Antarctica is a climate-sensitive region that has experienced a continuous increase of temperature over the last 50 years. This phenomenon accelerates glacier retreat and promotes the exposure of ice-covered surfaces, triggering physico-chemical alteration of the ground and subsequent soil formation. Here, we studied the biogeochemical composition and evolution extent of soil on three recently exposed peninsulas (Fildes, Barton and Potter) on Southwest (SW) King George Island (KGI). Nine soil samples were analyzed for their lipid biomarkers, stable isotope composition, bulk geochemistry and mineralogy. Their biomarkers profiles were compared to those of local fresh biomass of microbial mats (n = 3) and vegetation (1 moss, 1 grass, and 3 lichens) to assess their contribution to the soil organic matter (SOM). The molecular and isotopic distribution of lipids in the soil samples revealed contributions to the SOM dominated by biogenic sources, mostly vegetal (i.e. odd HMW n-alkanes distributions and generally depleted δ13C ratios). Microbial sources were also present to a lesser extent (i.e. even LMW n-alkanes and n-alkanoic acids, heptadecane, 1-alkenes, 9-octadecenoic acid, or iso/anteiso 15: 0 and 17:0 alkanoic acids). Additional contribution from petrogenic sources (bedrock erosion-derived hydrocarbons) was also considered although found to be minor. Results from mineralogy (relative abundance of plagioclases and virtual absence of clay minerals) and bulk geochemistry (low chemical weathering indexes) suggested little chemical alteration of the original geology. This together with the low content of total nitrogen and organic carbon, as well as moderate microbial activity in the soils, confirmed little edaphological development on the recently-exposed KGI surfaces. This study provides molecular and isotopic fingerprints of SOM composition in young Antarctic soils, and contributes to the understanding of soil formation and biogeochemistry in this unexplored region which is currently being affected by thermal destabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - D Carrizo
- Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Rodríguez C, Fossatti M, Carrizo D, Sánchez-García L, Teixeira de Mello F, Weinstein F, Lozoya JP. Mesoplastics and large microplastics along a use gradient on the Uruguay Atlantic coast: Types, sources, fates, and chemical loads. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137734. [PMID: 32179346 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Plastic pollution is a global problem with great local and regional variability. Plastic litter reaches beaches directly and indirectly through different pathways, due to both terrestrial and marine pressures. In this study, we assess and characterize meso and microplastic pollution on four Uruguayan oceanic beaches along a gradient of tourist use within a complex regional coastal marine system. In Punta del Diablo we found a total mean density of 106 items m-2 of different debris (pellets, fragments, and foams) with different polymeric compositions, and diverse persistent bioaccumulative and toxic chemicals (PAHs, PCBs, OCs, heavy metals). However, the trend of plastic debris densities along this gradient was not what was expected. Fabeiro, one of the sites furthest from the urban center, had the highest total mean density of plastics (292 items m-2) suggesting that marine influences (winds, currents, and beach orientation) have a preponderant role in the distribution of micro and mesoplastics. Meanwhile, the density in the urban site (Pueblo) was highest during summer (March, 201 items m-2), 200 times higher than the density observed in winter (July, 1 item m-2). Although this difference could be associated to the peak season (southern summer), the analysis of types of plastics (171 pellets m-2 vs. 8 cigarette butts m-2) suggested a predominance of marine inputs. Seasonal changes in the configuration of the beaches due to natural geomorphological dynamics imply alternating states (Source or Sink of debris) that also affect the final density of plastics in the system. The relative importance of both sources is highly variable throughout the year and understanding them may directly improve beach management and stranded coastal plastic litter cleaning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Rodríguez
- Facultad de Ciencias (Universidad de la República, UDELAR), Iguá 4225, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Mónica Fossatti
- Instituto de Mecánica de los Fluidos e Ingeniería Ambiental (IMFIA), Facultad de Ingeniería (UDELAR), Julio Herrera y Reissig 565 (1 Subsuelo Ala Norte), 11300 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Daniel Carrizo
- Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu, Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Ctra de Torrejón a Ajalvir, km 4 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Laura Sánchez-García
- Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu, Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial, Ctra de Torrejón a Ajalvir, km 4 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Franco Teixeira de Mello
- Departamento de Ecología Teórica y Aplicada, Centro Universitario Regional del Este (CURE, UDELAR), Tacuarembó entre Av. Artigas y Aparicio Saravia, 20000 Maldonado, Uruguay.
| | - Federico Weinstein
- Secretaría Nacional de Ambiente, Agua y Cambio Climático, Presidencia de la República Oriental del Uruguay, Liniers 1280, 11000 Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Juan Pablo Lozoya
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Manejo Costero Integrado del Cono Sur (C-MCISur), CURE (UDELAR), Tacuarembó entre Av. Artigas y Aparicio Saravia, 20000 Maldonado, Uruguay.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Taxonomic and functional characterization of a microbial community from a volcanic englacial ecosystem in Deception Island, Antarctica. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12158. [PMID: 31434915 PMCID: PMC6704131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47994-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaciers are populated by a large number of microorganisms including bacteria, archaea and microeukaryotes. Several factors such as solar radiation, nutrient availability and water content greatly determine the diversity and abundance of these microbial populations, the type of metabolism and the biogeochemical cycles. Three ecosystems can be differentiated in glaciers: supraglacial, subglacial and englacial ecosystems. Firstly, the supraglacial ecosystem, sunlit and oxygenated, is predominantly populated by photoautotrophic microorganisms. Secondly, the subglacial ecosystem contains a majority of chemoautotrophs that are fed on the mineral salts of the rocks and basal soil. Lastly, the englacial ecosystem is the least studied and the one that contains the smallest number of microorganisms. However, these unknown englacial microorganisms establish a food web and appear to have an active metabolism. In order to study their metabolic potentials, samples of englacial ice were taken from an Antarctic glacier. Microorganisms were analyzed by a polyphasic approach that combines a set of -omic techniques: 16S rRNA sequencing, culturomics and metaproteomics. This combination provides key information about diversity and functions of microbial populations, especially in rare habitats. Several whole essential proteins and enzymes related to metabolism and energy production, recombination and translation were found that demonstrate the existence of cellular activity at subzero temperatures. In this way it is shown that the englacial microorganisms are not quiescent, but that they maintain an active metabolism and play an important role in the glacial microbial community.
Collapse
|
6
|
Carrizo D, Sánchez-García L, Menes RJ, García-Rodríguez F. Discriminating sources and preservation of organic matter in surface sediments from five Antarctic lakes in the Fildes Peninsula (King George Island) by lipid biomarkers and compound-specific isotopic analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 672:657-668. [PMID: 30974357 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Lakes are important paleoenvironmental archives retaining abundant information due to their typical high sedimentation rates and susceptibility to environmental changes. Here, we scrutinize the organic matter (OM) composition, origin and preservation state in surface sediments from five lakes in a remote, warming-sensitive, and poorly explored region partially covered by the retreating Collins Glacier in King George Island (Antarctica), the Fildes Peninsula. Lipid biomarkers of terrestrial origin (i.e. high-molecular weight n-alkanes, n-alkanoic acids, and n-alkanols; β-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol) were detected in the five Fildes Lakes, with the smallest basin (i.e., Meltwater) showing a particularly strong moss imprint. Aquatic source indicators such as low C/N and terrestrial over aquatic ratios (TAR), or less negative δ13C values were preferentially found in the mid-sized lakes (i.e., Drake and Ionospheric). Sedimentary carbon in the larger lakes (i.e., Uruguay and Kitezh) displayed a largely biogenic origin (i.e., values of carbon preference index, CPI, ≫1), whereas the three lakes close to Collins Glacier (i.e., Drake, Meltwater, and Ionospheric) showed certain contribution from petrogenic sources (CPI ~ 1). The results suggest that the geochemical signature of the surface sediments in the five Fildes lakes is determined by factors such as the distance to the retreating Collins Glacier, the proximity to the coast, or the lake depth. This study illustrates the forensic interest of combining lipid biomarkers, compound-specific isotopic analysis, and bulk geochemistry to reconstruct paleoenvironments and study climate-sensitive regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo Javier Menes
- Laboratorio de Ecología Microbiana Medioambiental, Microbiología, Facultad de Química y Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Uruguay
| | - Felipe García-Rodríguez
- Centro Universitário Regional Este, CURE-Rocha, Universidad de la República, Ruta 9 y Ruta 15 s/n, Uruguay; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia Física, Química e Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av. Itália, km 8, Cx.P. 474, 96201-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
A comparative study of sample dissolution techniques and plasma-based instruments for the precise and accurate quantification of REEs in mineral matrices. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 961:33-41. [PMID: 28224906 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The recent commercialisation of inductively coupled plasma tandem mass spectrometric (ICP-MS/MS) instruments has provided analytical chemists with a new tool to properly quantify atomic composition in a variety of matrices with minimal sample preparation. In this article, we report on our assessment of the compatibility of 3 sample preparation techniques (open-vessel acid digestion, microwave digestion and alkaline fusion) for the quantification of rare earth elements (REEs) in mineral matrices. The combination of the high digestion temperatures (1050 °C) and using LiBO2 as a flux was the most effective strategy for the digestion of all rare earth elements in mineral matrices and was compatible with ICP-MS/MS measurements. We also assessed the analytical performances of ICP-MS/MS against other plasma-based instrumentation (microwave induced plasma and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MIP-AES and ICP-AES, respectively) and single quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The comparative study showed that the concentrations obtained by ICP-MS/MS are in excellent agreement with the certified reference material values, and much more suited than the other analytical techniques tested for the quantification of REEs, which exhibited low detectability and/or spectral interferences for some elements/isotopes. Finally, the ruggedness of the analytical protocol proposed which combines a rapid sample dissolution step performed by an automated fusion unit and an ICP-MS/MS as a detector was established using various certified mineral matrices containing variable levels of REEs.
Collapse
|
8
|
Markandeya AG, Firke NP, Pingale SS, Salunke-Gawali S. Quantitative elemental analysis of Celocia argentea leaves by ICP-OES technique using various digestion methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcas.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
9
|
Kubrakova IV, Toropchenova ES. Microwave sample preparation for geochemical and ecological studies. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934813060099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Fedyunina N, Seregina I, Bolshov M, Okina O, Lyapunov S. Investigation of the efficiency of the sample pretreatment stage for the determination of the Rare Earth Elements in rock samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 713:97-102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 10/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
|
11
|
Sánchez Rojas F, Bosch Ojeda C, Cano Pavón J. Experimental design in the optimization of a microwave acid digestion procedure for the determination of metals in biomorphic ceramic samples by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. Microchem J 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2009.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|