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Liu R, Sun X, Zhang Y, Li P, Nan L, Shen Q, Wen K, Yu X, Shen J, Pan Y, Wang Z. Highly selective and sensitive immunoassays for flurogestone acetate analysis in goat milk: From rational hapten design and antibody production to assay development. Food Chem 2024; 449:139198. [PMID: 38574526 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The preparation of high specificity and affinity antibodies is challenging due to limited information on characteristic groups of haptens in traditional design strategy. In this study, we first predicted characteristic groups of flurogestone acetate (FGA) using quantitative analysis of molecular surface combined with atomic charge distribution. Subsequently, FGA haptens were rationally designed to expose these identified characteristic groups fully. As a result, seven monoclonal antibodies were obtained with satisfactory performance, exhibiting IC50 values from 0.17 to 0.45 μg/L and negligible cross-reactivities below 1% to other 18 hormones. The antibody recognition mechanism further confirmed hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions involving predicted FGA characteristic groups and specific amino acids in the antibodies contributed to their high specificity and affinity. Finally, one selective and sensitive ic-ELISA was developed for FGA determination with a detection limit as low as 0.12 μg/L, providing an efficient tool for timely monitoring of FGA in goat milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingya Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China; Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, 325006 Wenzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Nan
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhi Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantong Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China; Hainan Technology Innovation Center for Food Safety Surveillance and Detection, Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Sakai T, Kikuchi H, Nemoto S, Akiyama H, Taguchi T, Tsutsumi T. [Analytical Method for Melengestrol Acetate in Livestock Products Using LC-MS/MS]. SHOKUHIN EISEIGAKU ZASSHI. JOURNAL OF THE FOOD HYGIENIC SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2024; 65:15-19. [PMID: 38432897 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.65.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The present study verified that it is possible to analyze melengesterol acetate using the existing multi-residue method. Melengestrol acetate was extracted from livestock products using acidic acetonitrile acidified with acetic acid in the presence of n-hexane and anhydrous sodium sulfate. The crude extracts were cleaned up using an octadecylsilanized silica gel cartridge column. Separation by HPLC was performed using an octadecylsilanized silica gel column with linear gradient elution of 0.1 vol% formic acid and acetonitrile containing 0.1 vol% formic acid. For the determination of the analyte, tandem mass spectrometry with positive ion electrospray ionization was used. In recovery tests using four livestock products fortified with maximum residue limits levels of melengestrol acetate (0.001-0.02 mg/kg), the truenesses ranged from 82% to 100%, and the repeatabilities for the entire procedure ranged from 0.5 RSD% to 5.6 RSD%. In recovery tests using 11 livestock products fortified with 0.0005 mg/kg of melengestrol acetate, the truenesses ranged from 88% to 99%, and the repeatabilities ranged from 1.3 RSD% to 5.4 RSD%. The limit of quantification for melengestrol acetate in livestock products was 0.0005 mg/kg.
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Wang L, Yan Y, Wang Y, Lv Q, Teng S, Wang W. Rapid and Simultaneous Determination of Anabolic Andro-Genic Steroids in Livestock and Poultry Meat Using One-Step Solid-Phase Extraction Coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS. Molecules 2023; 29:84. [PMID: 38202665 PMCID: PMC10780017 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) are usually illegally added to animal feed because they can significantly promote animal growth and increase carcasses' leanness, which threatens the safety of animal-derived foods and indirectly hazards human health. This study aimed to establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous detection of twelve AAS residues in livestock and poultry meat. The homogenized samples were extracted with acetonitrile containing 1% acetic acid (v/v) and purified using the one-step extraction column. After concentration using nitrogen, the residues were redissolved in acetonitrile and then quantified with an external standard method using UHPLC-MS/MS. The results showed that the above-mentioned method had a satisfactory linear correlation (R2 ≥ 0.9903) with a concentration range of 1-100 μg/L, and the limits of detection (LODs) and quantification (LOQs) were 0.03-0.33 μg/kg and 0.09-0.90 μg/kg, respectively. With the intraday and interday precision less than 15%, the average recoveries of pork, beef, lamb, and chicken, at different spiked levels, ranged from 68.3 to 93.3%, 68.0 to 99.4%, 71.6 to 109.8%, and 70.5 to 97.7%, respectively. Overall, the established method is validated, precise, and capable of the high-throughput determination of the residues of twelve AASs in livestock and poultry meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqun Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (S.T.)
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yonghong Yan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (S.T.)
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Center of Agro-Product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100125, China;
| | - Qingqin Lv
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (S.T.)
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shuang Teng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (S.T.)
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (L.W.); (Y.Y.); (Q.L.); (S.T.)
- State Key Laboratory of Meat Quality Control and Cultured Meat Development, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Determination of oxprenolol, methandienone and testosterone in meat samples by UHPLC-Q-ToF. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13260. [PMID: 36816264 PMCID: PMC9932348 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of some drugs in meat samples can cause threat to human health, therefore, its analysis is highly desirable for food safety purposes. In this work, a solid-phase extraction procedure for the determination of oxprenolol, a non-selective beta-blocker, and such anabolic agents as methandienone and testosterone in beef meat samples has been developed. Extraction conditions were optimized to achieve high sensitivity and accuracy of the results. The procedure was validated using meat samples free from target analytes. As a result, high selectivity and sensitivity were observed with the detection limits between 0.25 and 1.25 ng/g, and the results were not affected by matrix components. The proposed procedure was applied to the analysis of real beef samples purchased in the market, and the results have revealed the presence of contaminated samples. The concentration of oxprenolol in the contaminated sample was 7 ng/g, methandienone content in the sample was 30 ng/g, while testosterone level was 4 ng/g.
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Zhang X, Fang C, Lou X, Yang G, Kong C, Shi Y, Huang D. Determination of 17α-methyltestosterone in aquatic products using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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6
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Azeem HHAE, Osman GY, El-Seedi HR, Fallatah AM, Khalifa SAM, Gharib MM. Antifungal Activity of Soft Tissue Extract from the Garden Snail Helix aspersa (Gastropoda, Mollusca). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103170. [PMID: 35630647 PMCID: PMC9144933 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastropods comprise approximately 80% of molluscans, of which land snails are used variably as food and traditional medicines due to their high protein content. Moreover, different components from land snails exhibit antimicrobial activities. In this study, we evaluated the antifungal activity of soft tissue extracts from Helix aspersa against Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus, and Aspergillus brasiliensis by identifying extract components using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). Two concentrations of three extracts (methanol, acetone, and acetic acid) showed antifungal activity. Both acetone (1 g/3 mL) and acetic acid extracts (1 g/mL) significantly inhibited C.albicans growth (p = 0.0001, 5.2 ± 0.2 mm and p = 0.02, 69.7 ± 0.6 mm, respectively). A. flavus and A. brasiliensis growth were inhibited by all extracts at 1 g/mL, while inhibition was observed for acetic acid extracts against A. brasiliensis (p = 0.02, 50.3 ± 3.5 mm). The highest growth inhibition was observed for A. flavus using acetic acid and acetone extracts (inhibition zones = 38 ± 1.7 mm and 3.1 ± 0.7 mm, respectively). LC-MS-MS studies on methanol and acetone extracts identified 11-α-acetoxyprogesterone with a parent mass of 372.50800 m/z and 287.43500 m/z for luteolin. Methanol extracts contained hesperidin with a parent mass of 611.25400 m/z, whereas linoleic acid and genistein (parent mass = 280.4 and 271.48900 m/z, respectively) were the main metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda H. Abd-El Azeem
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (H.H.A.-E.A.); (H.R.E.-S.)
| | - Gamalat Y. Osman
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt;
| | - Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
- Correspondence: (H.H.A.-E.A.); (H.R.E.-S.)
| | - Ahmed M. Fallatah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Mohamed M. Gharib
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt;
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Zhang C, Zhang Q, Yin Z, Hu J, Chen G, Zheng L, Ma A. Determination of acetylgestagens in animal-derived matrix samples using enhanced matrix removal lipid clean-up in combination with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2021; 1649:462227. [PMID: 34038780 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2021.462227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A robust and confirmative method was established for the determination of six acetylgestagen residues, namely, flurogestone acetate (FGA), megestrol (MA), melengestrol acetate (MGA), chlormadinone acetate (CMA), medroxyprogesterone (MPA), and hydroxyprogesterone acetate (HPA) in animal-derived matrix samples by utilizing enhanced matrix removal lipid (EMR-lipid) clean-up in combination with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The analytes were extracted with acetonitrile, purified with a EMR-lipid cartridge, and separated with a reversed-phase C18 column. The limit of quantification (S/N ≥ 10) for CMA, FGA, HPA, MA, and MGA in all matrices was 0.5 ng/g, and for MPA, it was 1.0 ng/g; the limit of detection (S/N ≥ 3) for CMA, FGA, HPA, MA, and MGA in all matrices was 0.1 ng/g, and for MPA, it was 0.2 ng/g. The recoveries were between 61.0% and 114.8%, and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) were below 12%. The method was calibrated in a matrix-assisted standard solution in various linear ranges for the analytes and matrices, and the correlation coefficients (R2) exceeded 0.99 for all the matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qingyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zenghao Yin
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Agricultural and Rural Affair Bureau, Fengnan District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province, 063300, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lufei Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-product Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standards & Testing Technology for Agro-products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Aijin Ma
- School of Food and Health, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
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8
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Okamoto Y, Nunome M, Kondo M, Kitayama I, Suzuki Y, Akiyama H. Quantification of progesterone in beef with marbling using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with stable isotope-labelled standards. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:409-417. [PMID: 33455529 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1869326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone (P4) is contained naturally in animal tissue, and it is also used as a veterinary drug in cattle for treatment purposes. To assess the risk from P4 residues in beef derived from treated cattle, it is essential to quantify the P4 contained naturally in cattle tissue (endogenous P4). Therefore, we performed a method validation for the quantification of endogenous P4 (method quantification limit = 0.06 ng g-1) by using isotope-labelled P4s, and investigated the P4 contents in Japanese beef (n= 112; 0.07 to 121 ng g-1). The P4 contents in cattle muscle ranged from 0.07 to 54.3 ng g-1 in males, and from 0.27 to 121 ng g-1 in females. Our investigation also indicated that the developed method using both 13C- and deuterium-labelled P4 standards could be used to certify the recovery of P4 from cattle muscle containing various amounts of intramuscular fat, and enabled the determination of the P4 content in all Japanese beef samples that exceeded the method quantification limit.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mari Nunome
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Midori Kondo
- National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
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Moretti S, Cavanna D, Lambertini F, Catellani D, Sammarco G, Barola C, Paoletti F, Saluti G, Galarini R, Suman M. Practical approach to develop a multi-group screening method for detection of mycotoxins, pesticides and veterinary drugs in food. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2020; 55:e4618. [PMID: 32757493 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A multi-group screening method to detect residues of veterinary drugs in meat and environmental contaminants in wheat flour has been developed using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The procedure was tested for over 300 representative compounds (173 veterinary drugs, 122 pesticides and 9 mycotoxins) analysing in parallel negative and positive (spiked) samples according to European validation rules. The Screening Target Concentrations (STCs) were chosen conservatively with respect to the method purposes. Interpretation of results was based on retention time, mass accuracy of precursor and MS2 spectral library. Evaluating the percentage of false negative results, 280 out of the 304 analytes were detectable at the STCs (false compliant rate ≤ 5%). In wheat flours, incurred levels of mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol and 3-acetyldeoxynivalenol, higher than STCs, were frequently found, whereas in meat, the most detected veterinary drugs were antibiotics generally at negligible concentrations (<10 μg kg-1 ). Finally, seven test materials from proficiency test schemes were successfully tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Moretti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniele Cavanna
- Advance Research Laboratory, Barilla G. R. F.lli SpA, Parma, Italy
| | | | - Dante Catellani
- Advance Research Laboratory, Barilla G. R. F.lli SpA, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sammarco
- Advance Research Laboratory, Barilla G. R. F.lli SpA, Parma, Italy
- Food and Drug Department, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Carolina Barola
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Fabiola Paoletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Saluti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Galarini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche "Togo Rosati", Perugia, Italy
| | - Michele Suman
- Advance Research Laboratory, Barilla G. R. F.lli SpA, Parma, Italy
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Xiong X, Li D, Du Z, Xiong C, Jiang H. Magnetic solid-phase extraction modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe method combined with pre-column derivatization and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for determination of estrogens and estrogen mimics in pork and chicken samples. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1622:461137. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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11
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Polythiophene as highly efficient sorbent for microextraction in packed sorbent for determination of steroids from bovine milk samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Rocha DG, Lana MAG, Augusti R, Faria AF. Simultaneous Identification and Quantitation of 38 Hormonally Growth Promoting Agent Residues in Bovine Muscle by a Highly Sensitive HPLC-MS/MS Method. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-019-01507-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Hallmann A, Konieczna L, Swiezak J, Milczarek R, Smolarz K. Aromatisation of steroids in the bivalve Mytilus trossulus. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6953. [PMID: 31198629 PMCID: PMC6535040 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrated the presence of the enzymatic complex able to perform aromatization (estrogen synthesis) in both, the microsomal and mitochondrial fractions of gills and gonads from Mytilus trossulus. Based on in vitro experiments, we highlighted the importance of temperature as the limiting factor of aromatisation efficiency (AE) in mussels. After testing range of temperatures (4–23 °C), the highest AE was found during incubation at 8 °C and pH 7.6 (41.66 pmol/h/mg protein in gills and 58.37 pmol/h/mg protein in gonads). The results were confirmed during field studies where the most efficient aromatisation occurred in bivalves collected in spring while the least effective in those collected in winter. During in vitro studies, AE turned out to be more intensive in female gonads than in male gonads. The process was also more intensive in mitochondrial fraction than in microsomal one (62.97 pmol/h/mg protein in male gills and 73.94 pmol/h/mg protein in female gonads). Enzymatic complex (aromatase-like enzyme) catalysing aromatisation in mussels was found to be insensitive to inhibitory effect of selective inhibitors of mammalian aromatase such as letrozole and anastrazole, suggesting its different structure from vertebrate aromatase. Further in vivo studies using 13C-labeled steroids at 8 °C temperature window confirmed that bivalves are able to uptake testosterone and androstenedione from the ambient environment and metabolise them to estrone and 17β-estradiol thus confirming endogenous estrogen’ synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hallmann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Lucyna Konieczna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Justyna Swiezak
- Department of Marine Ecosystem Functioning, University of Gdańsk, Gdynia, Poland
| | - Ryszard Milczarek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Smolarz
- Department of Marine Ecosystem Functioning, University of Gdańsk, Gdynia, Poland
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High-resolution mass spectrometry–based multi-residue method covering relevant steroids, stilbenes and resorcylic acid lactones in a variety of animal-based matrices. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1054:59-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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15
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Han X, Liu D. Detection and analysis of 17 steroid hormones by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) in different sex and maturity stages of Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba Dana). PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213398. [PMID: 30856222 PMCID: PMC6411355 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A sensitive and accurate method for determination of 17 endogenous and exogenous steroid hormones in Antarctic krill was developed. The method utilized UHPLC-MS in electrospray ionization mode (ESI). Samples were prepared by alkaline hydrolysis; sequential vortex extraction with ethyl acetate, methanol and acetonitrile; followed by a QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) clean-up method. The system suitability tests including theoretical plate number, resolution, repeatability, tailing factor proved the system’s resolution and reproducibility that can meet the requirements of sample analysis. The developed method resulted in satisfactory recoveries that varied from 75.4%-110.6% and relative standard deviations (RSDs) that ranged from 3.1%-10.5%. The ranges of the limits of detection (LODs) and the limits of quantitation (LOQs) were 2–30 ng kg-1 and 10–100 ng kg-1, respectively. 14 hormones including cortisone, aldosterone, testosterone propionate, estriol, megestrol acetate, cortisone acetate, dexamethasone, testosterone, hydroxyprogesterone, nandrolone, prednisolone, cortisol, progesterone and estradiol were found in Antarctic krill. Other 3 hormones (Diethylstilbestrol, norethisterone and androsterone) were not detected. The levels of exogenous steroid hormones were much greater than those of endogenous steroid hormones, and the levels of exogenous glucocorticoids were much greater than those of exogenous sex hormones. The changes of hormones in different sex and maturity stages were also explored. Endogenous hormones might regulate the reproductive and development of Antarctic krill. The detected exogenous hormones suggests the potential for hormonal contamination in Antarctic waters that can affect organisms even affect human beings by food chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangning Han
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Daicheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Shandong, P. R. China
- * E-mail:
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López-García M, Romero-González R, Garrido Frenich A. Determination of steroid hormones and their metabolite in several types of meat samples by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1540:21-30. [PMID: 29397061 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A new analytical method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) coupled to Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (Orbitrap-HRMS) has been developed for the determination of steroid hormones (hydrocortisone, cortisone, progesterone, prednisone, prednisolone, testosterone, melengesterol acetate, hydrocortisone-21-acetate, cortisone-21-acetate, testosterone propionate, 17α-methyltestosterone, 6α-methylprednisolone and medroxyprogesterone) and their metabolite (17α-hydroxyprogesterone) in three meat samples (chicken, pork and beef). Two different extraction approaches were tested (QuEChERS "quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe" and "dilute and shoot"), observing that the QuEChERS method provided the best results in terms of recovery. A clean-up step was applied comparing several sorbents, obtaining the best results when florisil and aluminum oxide were used. The optimized method was validated, obtaining suitable results for all validation parameters in the three meat matrices evaluated. Recovery values ranged from 70% to 103% (except for prednisone in beef samples), meanwhile repeatability and reproducibility were obtained at values lower than 18% and 21%, respectively. The limit of quantification (LOQ) was established for most of the compounds at 1.0 μg/kg, except for testosterone in chicken and hydrocortisone-21-acetate and cortisone-21-acetate in pork at 2.0 μg/kg. Decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) values ranged from 1.0-2.7 μg/kg and 1.9-5.5 μg/kg, respectively, in the three matrices. Finally, thirty one meat samples were analyzed and two hormones, progesterone and hydrocortisone, were detected in a beef and pork sample at 1.7 and 2.8 μg/kg respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina López-García
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Roberto Romero-González
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120, Almería, Spain
| | - Antonia Garrido Frenich
- Research Group "Analytical Chemistry of Contaminants", Department of Chemistry and Physics, Research Centre for Agricultural and Food Biotechnology (BITAL), University of Almeria, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence, ceiA3, E-04120, Almería, Spain.
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17
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Carbon paste electrode modified with Fe3O4 nanoparticles and BMI.PF6 ionic liquid for determination of estrone by square-wave voltammetry. J Solid State Electrochem 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-017-3678-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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18
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Woźniak B, Matraszek-Żuchowska I, Witek S, Posyniak A. Development of LC-MS/MS Confirmatory Method for the Determination of Testosterone in Bovine Serum. J Vet Res 2017; 61:81-89. [PMID: 29978058 PMCID: PMC5894415 DOI: 10.1515/jvetres-2017-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the European Union the use of steroid growth promoters is prohibited under Council Directive 96/22/EC. For effective control of illegal use of natural steroids, highly sensitive analytical methods are required, because sex hormones can be present in very low concentrations in biological samples. The aim of the study was to develop a confirmatory method for the detection of testosterone in bovine serum at ppt level. Material and Methods 17β-testosterone and internal standards of 17%-testosterone-d2 were extracted from serum samples with a mixture of tert-butyl methyl ether/petroleum ether and were directly analysed by an LC/MS/MS on QTRAP 5500 instrument with a TurboIon-Spray source operating in a positive ionisation mode. Chromatographic separation was achieved on the analytical column Inertsil® ODS-3 with an isocratic elution using mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile, methanol, and water. Method validation has been carried out in accordance with the Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Results The method was characterised by good recovery (82%) and precision (R.S.D 17 %). Decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) was 0.05 μg L−1 and 0.09 μg L−1 respectively. The method met the criteria set out in Commission Decision 2002/657/EC for the purpose of confirmation in terms of retention time and ion ratio in the whole range of its application. Conclusions The developed method is specific and sensitive, suitable for measuring the natural level of testosterone in blood of cattle and for use in routine control programme for the detection of this hormone in bovine serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Woźniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Iwona Matraszek-Żuchowska
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Sebastian Witek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Andrzej Posyniak
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
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Lega F, Angeletti R, Stella R, Rigoni L, Biancotto G, Giusepponi D, Moretti S, Saluti G, Galarini R. Abuse of anabolic agents in beef cattle: Could bile be a possible alternative matrix? Food Chem 2017; 229:188-197. [PMID: 28372163 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
European Union prohibited the use of anabolic agents in food producing animals since 1988. An efficient control of abuses is guaranteed not only by highly performing analytical methods, but also by knowledge of metabolic pathways, kinetics of elimination and tissue distribution. To obtain data concerning metabolites production and accumulation in bile, two typical growth promoting treatments are carried out in cattle. In the first study, sixteen beef cattle were implanted with trenbolone acetate and estradiol. In the second one, three animals were implanted with zeranol and three were fed a diet containing zearalenone. Methods based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were developed and validated to quantify the analytes of interest. The results evidenced that the biliary concentrations of the marker residues were always higher than those determined at the same time in urine and liver which are the matrices generally collected within the official monitoring programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Lega
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Roberto Angeletti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Roberto Stella
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Lorenzo Rigoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Giancarlo Biancotto
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie, Viale dell'Università 10, I-35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy
| | - Danilo Giusepponi
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini 1, I-06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Simone Moretti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini 1, I-06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giorgio Saluti
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini 1, I-06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Galarini
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Umbria e delle Marche, Via G. Salvemini 1, I-06126 Perugia, Italy.
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20
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Antibiotic and synthetic growth promoters in animal diets: Review of impact and analytical methods. Food Control 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Attalah E, Nasr YS, El-Gammal HA, Nour El-Dien FA. Optimisation and validation of a new analytical method for the determination of four natural and synthetic hormones using LC-ESI-MS/MS. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2016; 33:1545-1556. [PMID: 27575595 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2016.1227878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A rapid liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method was developed for the simultaneous determination of four natural and synthetic hormone residues (progesterone, testosterone, trenbolone acetate and zeranol) in animal tissue samples. Sample preparation was optimised to minimise time and solvent consumption. Meat samples were mechanically homogenised and digested in a procedure that gave similar recoveries to those enzymatically hydrolysed by Helix pomatia. Efficient extraction was achieved using acidified acetonitrile (1% acetic acid). Chromatographic conditions were optimised to minimise matrix effects. Analytes were separated using a C18 column with gradient elution using ammonium formate solution in methanol (MeOH)/water (1:9) and MeOH mobile phases. Finally, residues were qualitatively and quantitatively determined by electrospray ionisation tandem mass spectrometry in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Different parameters for LC-MS/MS (e.g., declustering potential and collision energy) were optimised using API 6500QT; all analytes were measured using positive-mode electrospray ionisation (ESI+) except zeranol which was measured in negative mode (ESI-). Due to LC-MS/MS signal enhancement/suppression, the determination of hormones was based on matrix-matched standard calculations. The method was validated for the four hormones on meat samples at different fortification levels and showed accepted performance criteria according to European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Decision limits and detection capabilities were estimated for all analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad Attalah
- a Central Laboratory of Residue Analysis of Pesticides and Heavy Metals in Food (QCAP), Agricultural Research Center , Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation , Giza , Egypt
| | - Yasmin S Nasr
- a Central Laboratory of Residue Analysis of Pesticides and Heavy Metals in Food (QCAP), Agricultural Research Center , Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation , Giza , Egypt
| | - Hassan A El-Gammal
- a Central Laboratory of Residue Analysis of Pesticides and Heavy Metals in Food (QCAP), Agricultural Research Center , Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation , Giza , Egypt
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22
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Zhu Y, Xie S, Chen D, Pan Y, Qu W, Wang X, Liu Z, Peng D, Huang L, Tao Y, Yuan Z. Targeted analysis and determination of β-agonists, hormones, glucocorticoid and psychiatric drugs in feed by liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:2584-94. [PMID: 27145483 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive strategy combining a quantitative method was developed for 30 banned drugs including β-agonists, hormones, glucocorticoid and psychiatric drugs in swine and chicken feeds. This rapid, simple and effective extraction method was based on matrix solid-phase dispersion and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The quantitative method was validated after previous statistical optimization of the main parameters of matrix solid-phase dispersion. The limit of quantification of dopamine hydrochloride, chlormadinone acetate, melengestrol acetate, testosterone propionate, nandrolone and midazolam was 2 μg/kg and that of the other 24 drugs was 1 μg/kg. The recoveries of β-agonists, hormones, glucocorticoid and psychiatric drugs spiked in swine and chicken feeds at a concentration range of 1-8 μg/kg were above 70.1% with inter-day relative standard deviations less than 15.8%. The analytical strategy was applied to 100 feed samples collected from a local market in Wuhan (China). Clenbuterol, ractopamine and melengestrol acetate were identified and quantified at the level 0.2∼3.5 μg/kg. The rapid and reliable method can be used to efficiently separate, characterize and quantify the residues of 30 banned drugs in swine and chicken feeds with advantages of simple pretreatment and environmental friendly nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Zhu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuyu Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanhu Pan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Qu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenli Liu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dapeng Peng
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingli Huang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfei Tao
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zonghui Yuan
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) / MOA Key Laboratory of Food Safety Evaluation, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Nakajima T, Tsuruoka Y, Kanda M, Hayashi H, Hashimoto T, Matsushima Y, Yoshikawa S, Nagano C, Okutomi Y, Takano I. Determination and surveillance of hydrocortisone and progesterone in livestock products by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2015; 32:1833-41. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2015.1084053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Nelis H, Vanden Bussche J, Wojciechowicz B, Franczak A, Vanhaecke L, Leemans B, Cornillie P, Peelman L, Van Soom A, Smits K. Steroids in the equine oviduct: synthesis, local concentrations and receptor expression. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 28:RD14483. [PMID: 25751414 DOI: 10.1071/rd14483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Steroids play an important role in mammalian reproduction and early pregnancy. Although systemic changes in steroid concentrations have been well documented, it is not clear how these correlate with local steroid concentrations in the genital tract. We hypothesised that, in the horse, the preimplantation embryo may be subjected to high local steroid concentrations for several days. Therefore, we measured progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 17?-oestradiol, testosterone and 17?-testosterone concentrations in equine oviductal tissue by ultra-HPLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry, and progesterone, 17?-oestradiol, oestrone and testosterone concentrations in oviduct fluid by radioimmunoassay, with reference to cycle stage and side of ovulation. Progesterone concentrations were high in oviductal tissue and fluid ipsilateral to the ovulation side during dioestrus, whereas other steroid hormone concentrations were not influenced by the side of ovulation. These results suggest that the high ipsilateral progesterone concentration is caused by: (1) contributions from the follicular fluid in the oviduct and diffusion of follicular fluid steroids after ovulation; (2) local transfer of steroids via blood or lymph; (3) local synthesis of progesterone in the oviduct, as evidenced by the expression of steroidogenic enzymes; and (4) a paracrine contribution from follicular cells. These data provide a basis for the study of the importance of endocrine and paracrine signalling during early embryonic development in the horse.
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25
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Development of a rapid method for the analysis of trenbolone, nortestosterone, and zeranol in bovine liver using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 407:4363-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-8346-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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26
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Fernández-Arauzo L, Pimentel-Trapero D, Hernández-Carrasquilla M. Simultaneous determination of resorcylic acid lactones, β and α trenbolone and stilbenes in bovine urine by UHPLC/MS/MS. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 973C:89-96. [PMID: 25464100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of cattle with α-zearalanol (zeranol, α-ZAL), a resorcylic acid lactone (RAL), is illegal in European Union countries. Zearalenone, a common contaminant of cattle feed, is also a RAL and there is evidence that it, or its metabolites, can be converted in vivo to α-ZAL (or to β-zearalanol, β-ZAL). To determine whether an animal has been treated with α-ZAL it is necessary to quantify separately all the RALs. This work presents the simultaneous determination in urine of RALs, β-trenbolone (β-TB) and its metabolite α-trenbolone (α-TB) and the stilbenes diethylstilbestrol (DES), dienestrol (DEN) and hexestrol (HEX) using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC/MS/MS). Several chromatographic UHPLC columns were tested in order to achieve chromatographic separation of the analytes and the results are shown. Baseline separation of all compounds was not possible, so that careful consideration of the MRM transitions was necessary. The separation chosen for the validation work used a 100mm×2.1mm×1.7μm Phenyl column eluting with a gradient of acetonitrile/methanol/water. The method validation according to EU Decision 657/2002 included linearity, within laboratory reproducibility and trueness, decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ). For all compounds the method was linear in the range 2-12μg/l (1 and 6μg/l for DES) with determination coefficients greater than 0.97 and linear residuals below 20%. Within laboratory reproducibility was lower than 25% and trueness less than 11% for all compounds and concentration levels. CCα ranged from 0.6μg/l (DES) to 1.6 (α-TB) and CCβ was 0.8μg/l (α-zearalenol) to 1.9μg/l (α-TB).
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Affiliation(s)
- L Fernández-Arauzo
- Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Comunidad de Madrid, Sierra de Alquife 8 2ª planta, 28053 Madrid, Spain
| | - D Pimentel-Trapero
- Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Comunidad de Madrid, Sierra de Alquife 8 2ª planta, 28053 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Hernández-Carrasquilla
- Laboratorio Regional de Salud Pública, Consejería de Sanidad, Comunidad de Madrid, Sierra de Alquife 8 2ª planta, 28053 Madrid, Spain.
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27
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Bussche JV, Decloedt A, Van Meulebroek L, De Clercq N, Lock S, Stahl-Zeng J, Vanhaecke L. A novel approach to the quantitative detection of anabolic steroids in bovine muscle tissue by means of a hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight-mass spectrometry instrument. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1360:229-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.07.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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28
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D’Orazio G, Asensio-Ramos M, Hernández-Borges J, Fanali S, Rodríguez-Delgado MÁ. Estrogenic compounds determination in water samples by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction and micellar electrokinetic chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1344:109-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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29
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Adamusova H, Bosakova Z, Coufal P, Pacakova V. Analysis of estrogens and estrogen mimics in edible matrices--a review. J Sep Sci 2014; 37:885-905. [PMID: 24488827 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201301234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 01/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a brief survey of the biological effects of selected endocrine-disrupting compounds that are formed after internal exposure of organisms. Further, the present analytical methods available for the determination of these compounds in foodstuffs are critically evaluated. The attention is primarily devoted to the methods for sample pretreatment, which are the main source of errors and are usually the most time-consuming step of the whole analysis. This review is focused on selected natural and synthetic estrogens, estrogen conjugates, and chemical additives used in the plastic industry that can act as estrogen mimics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Adamusova
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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30
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Wozniak B, Zuchowska IM, Zmudzki J. Determination of stilbenes and resorcylic acid lactones in bovine, porcine and poultry muscle tissue by liquid chromatography–negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry and QuEChERS for sample preparation. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 940:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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31
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Mochizuki N. [Basic technology of LC-MS/MS analysis in food safety]. Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 2013; 54:251-8. [PMID: 24025202 DOI: 10.3358/shokueishi.54.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Mochizuki
- Research Laboratories for Food Safety Chemistry, Asahi Group Holdings, LTD
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32
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Determination of hormones in milk by hollow fiber-based stirring extraction bar liquid–liquid microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 790:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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33
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Capriotti AL, Cavaliere C, Colapicchioni V, Piovesana S, Samperi R, Laganà A. Analytical strategies based on chromatography-mass spectrometry for the determination of estrogen-mimicking compounds in food. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:62-77. [PMID: 23866124 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Food safety can be compromised by the presence of a wide variety of substances, deriving from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Among these substances, compounds exhibiting various degrees of estrogenic activity have been widely studied in environmental samples, whereas less attention has been devoted to food matrices. The aim of the present review is to give a general overview on the recent analytical methods based on gas or liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for the determination of estrogen-like compounds in foods, including new developments, improvements and upcoming trends in the field. Attention will be focused on four representative groups of compounds, i.e. natural and synthetic estrogens, mycoestrogens, phytoestrogens, and alkylphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Laura Capriotti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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De Clercq N, Julie VB, Croubels S, Delahaut P, Vanhaecke L. A validated analytical method to study the long-term stability of natural and synthetic glucocorticoids in livestock urine using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap-high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1301:111-21. [PMID: 23791145 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.05.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to their growth-promoting effects, the use of synthetic glucocorticoids is strictly regulated in the European Union (Council Directive 2003/74/EC). In the frame of the national control plans, which should ensure the absence of residues in food products of animal origin, in recent years, a higher frequency of prednisolone positive bovine urines has been observed. This has raised questions with respect to the stability of natural corticoids in the respective urine samples and their potential to be transformed into synthetic analogs. In this study, a ultra high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS) methodology was developed to examine the stability of glucocorticoids in bovine urine under various storage conditions (up to 20 weeks) and to define suitable conditions for sample handling and storage, using an Orbitrap Exactive™. To this end, an extraction procedure was optimized using a Plackett-Burman experimental design to determine the key conditions for optimal extraction of glucocorticoids from urine. Next, the analytical method was successfully validated according to the guidelines of CD 2002/657/EC. Decision limits and detection capabilities for prednisolone, prednisone and methylprednisolone ranged, respectively, from 0.1 to 0.5μgL(-1) and from 0.3 to 0.8μgL(-1). For the natural glucocorticoids limits of detection and limits of quantification for dihydrocortisone, cortisol and cortisone ranged, respectively, from 0.1 to 0.2μgL(-1) and from 0.3 to 0.8μgL(-1). The stability study demonstrated that filter-sterilization of urine, storage at -80°C, and acidic conditions (pH 3) were optimal for preservation of glucocorticoids in urine and able to significantly limit degradation up to 20 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie De Clercq
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Gaikwad NW. Ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for profiling of steroid metabolome in human tissue. Anal Chem 2013; 85:4951-60. [PMID: 23597399 DOI: 10.1021/ac400016e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In humans, steroids play a broad and vital role in regulation of gene expression, secondary sexual characteristics, maturation, reproduction, cardiovascular health, neurological functions, etc., but imbalance in steroid metabolism is also linked to development and progression of many diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. Hence, measurement of steroids in biological samples is essential to monitor human health. Currently, there is radioimmunoassay, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods developed for steroid measurements in biological samples. However, these methods require elaborate sample preparation procedures and have concerns(s) related to reproducibility, dynamic range, time, costs, and most importantly the total coverage of steroids. Also currently, there is no method available for comprehensive steroid profiling in a single LC-MS run that includes androgens, corticosteroids, progestogens, estrogens, estrogen metabolites, estrogen conjugates, and estrogen-DNA adducts as well as exogenous steroid derivatives. Here, I present a global steroid metabolic profiling method based on liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) followed by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for simultaneous measurement of over 100 indigenous as well as exogenous steroids in about 12 min, without derivatization. The method was successfully applied to determine steroid hormone levels in the breast tissue of healthy women. Overall presence of all major classes of steroids as well as estrogen derivatives was detected in breast tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh W Gaikwad
- Departments of Nutrition and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.
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High resolution orbitrap mass spectrometry in comparison with tandem mass spectrometry for confirmation of anabolic steroids in meat. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 767:118-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 01/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Guo F, Liu Q, Qu GB, Song SJ, Sun JT, Shi JB, Jiang GB. Simultaneous determination of five estrogens and four androgens in water samples by online solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1281:9-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 01/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Bovee TF, Heskamp HH, Helsdingen RJ, Hamers AR, Brouwer BA, Nielen MW. Validation of a recombinant cell bioassay for the detection of (gluco)corticosteroids in feed. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2012.745098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Camenzuli M, Goodie TA, Bassanese DN, Francis PS, Barnett NW, Ritchie H, LaDine J, Shalliker RA, Conlan XA. The use of parallel segmented outlet flow columns for enhanced mass spectral sensitivity at high chromatographic flow rates. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:943-949. [PMID: 22396031 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Speed of analysis is a significant limitation to current high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) and ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC)/MS systems. The flow rate limitations of MS detection require a compromise in the chromatographic flow rate, which in turn reduces throughput, and when using modern columns, a reduction in separation efficiency. Commonly, this restriction is combated through the post-column splitting of flow prior to entry into the mass spectrometer. However, this results in a loss of sensitivity and a loss in efficiency due to the post-extra column dead volume. METHODS A new chromatographic column format known as 'parallel segmented flow' involves the splitting of eluent flow within the column outlet end fitting, and in this study we present its application on a HPLC electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer. RESULTS Using parallel segmented flow, column flow rates as high as 2.5 mL/min were employed in the analysis of amino acids without post-column splitting to the mass spectrometer. Furthermore, when parallel segmented flow chromatography columns were employed, the sensitivity was more than twice that of conventional systems with post-column splitting when the same volume of mobile phase was passed through the detector. CONCLUSIONS These finding suggest that this type of column technology will particularly enhance the capabilities of modern LC/MS enabling both high-throughput and sensitive mass spectral detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Camenzuli
- Australian Centre for Research on Separation Science (ACROSS), School of Natural Sciences, University of Western Sydney (Parramatta), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Wille K, Claessens M, Rappé K, Monteyne E, Janssen CR, De Brabander HF, Vanhaecke L. Rapid quantification of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in passive samplers using ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:9162-73. [PMID: 22056241 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
The presence of both pharmaceuticals and pesticides in the aquatic environment has become a well-known environmental issue during the last decade. An increasing demand however still exists for sensitive and reliable monitoring tools for these rather polar contaminants in the marine environment. In recent years, the great potential of passive samplers or equilibrium based sampling techniques for evaluation of the fate of these contaminants has been shown in literature. Therefore, we developed a new analytical method for the quantification of a high number of pharmaceuticals and pesticides in passive sampling devices. The analytical procedure consisted of extraction using 1:1 methanol/acetonitrile followed by detection with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution and high mass accuracy Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Validation of the analytical method resulted in limits of quantification and recoveries ranging between 0.2 and 20 ng per sampler sheet and between 87.9 and 105.2%, respectively. Determination of the sampler-water partition coefficients of all compounds demonstrated that several pharmaceuticals and most pesticides exert a high affinity for the polydimethylsiloxane passive samplers. Finally, the developed analytical methods were used to measure the time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of the targeted pollutants in passive samplers, deployed at eight stations in the Belgian coastal zone. Propranolol, carbamazepine and seven pesticides were found to be very abundant in the passive samplers. These obtained long-term and large-scale TWA concentrations will contribute in assessing the environmental and human health risk of these emerging pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaas Wille
- Ghent University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Group of Veterinary Public Health and Zoonoses, Laboratory of Chemical Analysis, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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