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Fernandes SR, Barreiros L, Sampaio-Maia B, Miró M, Segundo MA. Total analysis system for the determination of uremic toxins in human plasma based on bead injection solid phase extraction hyphenated to mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1277:341668. [PMID: 37604622 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate (INDS) and p-cresol sulfate (pCS) are two of the most relevant uremic toxins that are recognized to have an essential role in chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and associated cardiovascular risk. Thus, it is crucial to accurately assess their circulating levels in the body. Aiming at establishing an analytical strategy for quantification of INDS and pCS in human plasma, an automatic on-line micro-solid-phase extraction (μSPE) procedure hyphenated to tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) detection without previous chromatographic separation was herein developed. The bead injection (BI) concept was used to implement the μSPE procedure in the lab-on-valve (LOV) format. After studying the extraction conditions, the anion-exchange OASIS WAX sorbent beads (10 mg) and 99% ACN-H2O (15:85, v/v)-1% (v/v) NH4OH were chosen as sorbent and eluent, respectively, as they provided the highest analyte recoveries. Subsequently, the μSPE-BI-LOV system was hyphenated on-line to a MS/MS detector and the full analytical cycle, comprising sample preparation and analytes detection, was completed in <20 min. The developed μSPE-BI-LOV-MS methodology presented good linearity (r2 > 0.999) for quantification of the target analytes at concentrations ranging from 18 to 360 μg mL-1 in plasma. LOQ values were 2 μg mL-1 for INDS and 7 μg mL-1 for pCS in plasma. Human plasma samples from healthy subjects and individuals with CKD were successfully analyzed using the developed approach. The proposed automatic methodology can be described as an eco-friendly strategy, with a favorable score of 0.64 after greenness evaluation using the AGREE metric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara R Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luisa Barreiros
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 400, 4200-072, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Benedita Sampaio-Maia
- INEB - Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica / i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Medicina Dentária, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-393, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, E-07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Marcela A Segundo
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Ciências Químicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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2
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Samadifar M, Yamini Y, Khataei MM, Shirani M. Automated and semi-automated packed sorbent solid phase (micro) extraction methods for extraction of organic and inorganic pollutants. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464227. [PMID: 37506462 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the packed sorbent solid phase (micro) extraction methods from manual to automated modes are reviewed. The automatic methods have several remarkable advantages such as high sample throughput, reproducibility, sensitivity, and extraction efficiency. These methods include solid-phase extraction, pipette tip micro-solid phase extraction, microextraction by packed sorbent, in-tip solid phase microextraction, in-tube solid phase microextraction, lab-on-a-chip, and lab-on-a-valve. The recent application of these methods for the extraction of organic and inorganic compounds are discussed. Also, the combination of novel technologies (3D printing and robotic platforms) with the (semi)automated methods are investigated as the future trend.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Samadifar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yadollah Yamini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mahboue Shirani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Jiroft, Jiroft, Iran
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Sahragard A, Dvořák M, J. Carrasco-Correa E, Varanasupakul P, Kubáň P, Miró M. Programmable Millifluidic Platform Integrating Automatic Electromembrane Extraction Cleanup and In-Line Electrochemical Detection: A Proof of Concept. ACS Sens 2022; 7:3161-3168. [PMID: 36200176 PMCID: PMC9623577 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A fully automatic millifluidic sensing platform coupling in-line nonsupported microelectromembrane extraction (μ-EME) with electrochemical detection (ECD) is herein proposed for the first time. Exploiting the features of the second generation of flow analysis, termed sequential injection (SI), the smart integration of SI and μ-EME-ECD enables (i) the repeatable formation of microvolumes of phases for the extraction step in a membrane-less (nonsupported) arrangement, (ii) diverting the acceptor plug to the ECD sensing device, (iii) in-line pH adjustment before the detection step, and (iv) washing of the platform for efficient removal of remnants of wetting film solvent, all entirely unsupervised. The real-life applicability of the miniaturized sensing system is studied for in-line sample cleanup and ECD of diclofenac as a model analyte after μ-EME of urine as a complex biological sample. A comprehensive study of the merits and the limitations of μ-EME solvents on ECD is presented. Under the optimal experimental conditions using 14 μL of unprocessed urine as the donor, 14 μL of 1-nonanol as the organic phase, and 14 μL of 25 mM NaOH as the acceptor in a 2.4 mm ID PTFE tubing, an extraction voltage of 250 V, and an extraction time of 10 min, an absolute (mass) extraction recovery of 48% of diclofenac in urine is obtained. The proposed flow-through system is proven to efficiently remove the interfering effect of predominantly occurring organic species in human urine on ECD with RSD% less than 8.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sahragard
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Miloš Dvořák
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, BrnoCZ-60200, Czech Republic
| | - Enrique J. Carrasco-Correa
- CLECEM
group, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Valencia, C/Doctor Moliner 50, Burjassot, Valencia46100, Spain
| | - Pakorn Varanasupakul
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn
University, Bangkok10330, Thailand
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, BrnoCZ-60200, Czech Republic
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE
Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, Palma de Mallorca, Illes BalearsE-07122, Spain,
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4
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Manousi N, Kabir A, Furton KG, Anthemidis AN. Dual Lab-in-Syringe Flow-Batch Platform for Automatic Fabric Disk Sorptive Extraction/Back-extraction as a Front End to Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12943-12947. [PMID: 36098462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel dual lab-in-syringe flow-batch (D-LIS-FB) platform for automatic fabric-disk-in-syringe sorptive extraction followed by oxidative back-extraction as a front end to inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is presented for the first time. Sol-gel poly(caprolactone)-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-poly(caprolactone)-coated polyester fabric disks were packed at the top of the glass barrel of a microsyringe pump as an alternative to column preconcentration. Herein lie multiple significant advantages including effectiveness, compactness, lower back-pressure, and lower time of analysis. Copper, lead, and cadmium were used as model analytes for the exploration of the capabilities of the developed platform. The online retained metal-diethyldithiophosphate complexes were eluted using diisopropyl ketone prior to atomization. Undesirable incompatibility of organic solvents for direct injection into the ICP-AES system was overcome ingeniously in a flow manner by oxidative back-extraction of the analytes utilizing a second lab-in-syringe setup. Following its optimization, the D-LIS-FB platform showed excellent linearity, in combination with good method precision (i.e., RSD < 3.4%) and trueness. Moreover, the limits of detection were 0.25 μg L-1 for Cd(II), 0.13 μg L-1 for Cu(II), and 0.37 μg L-1 for Pb(II), confirming the applicability of the proposed system for metal analysis at trace levels. As a proof-of-concept, the developed versatile system was utilized for the analysis of different environmental, food, and biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Manousi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Abuzar Kabir
- International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33131, United States
| | - Kenneth G Furton
- International Forensic Research Institute, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33131, United States
| | - Aristidis N Anthemidis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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Elik A, Demirbaş A, Altunay N. Experimental design of ligandless sonication-assisted liquid- phases microextraction based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents for accurate determination of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from waters and food samples at trace levels. Food Chem 2022; 371:131138. [PMID: 34555705 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward, accurate and efficient analytical procedure was developed by ligandless sonication-assisted liquid- phases microextraction based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (SA-LPME-HDES) to trace toxic Pb(II) and Cd(II) in waters and foods. Optimization of the SA-LPME-HDES procedure was carried out by Box-Behnken design. Under optimum conditions, linear ranges for Pb(II) and Cd(II) were 0.8-350 (r2:0.9962) and 1.5-500 µg L-1 (r2: 0.9937), respectively. Relative standard deviations (N = 5, 10 µg L-1) were 1.4% for Pb(II) and 1.6% for Cd(II), respectively. Limits of detection were 0.24, and 0.46 µg L-1, respectively. The accuracy was evaluated by the analysis of two certified reference materials and the results were to be in agreement with the certified values. The SA-LPME-HDES method was successfully applied to tap water, mineral water, river water, well-water, sesame, peanut, eggplant, corn, wheat, soy and cucumber. The SA-LPME-HDES method allows operational simplicity, green, and low cost when compared with some microextraction procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Elik
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Chemistry Department, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Demirbaş
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Department of Plant and Animal Production, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Nail Altunay
- Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Chemistry Department, Sivas, Turkey.
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Hahn J, Kim E, Han H, Choi YJ. Development of a portable lab-on-a-valve device for making primary diagnoses based on gold-nanoparticle aggregation induced by a switchable linker. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31243-31250. [PMID: 35520645 PMCID: PMC9056401 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra05115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a low-cost, portable lab-on-a-valve (LOV) integrated microdevice for the detection of pathogens in primary-diagnosis settings. This system was designed for field-based pathogen detection based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles induced by a switchable linker. A three-way valve, which has attracted much attention as a functional mesofluidic platform for pressure-driven flow, has been designed as a universal reaction platform that combines the functions of fluid flow and a reaction chamber. In addition, we obtain rapid and enhanced visual signals by the use of a syringe filter to remove gold nano-aggregates (Au NAs). Using this device, Salmonella Typhimurium down to 101 CFU mL-1 can be visually detected within 30 min by performing a simple operation that requires no complex equipment. This prototype device has great potential for use in the semi-quantitative and qualitative identification of pathogens in on-site primary diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungwoo Hahn
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu Seoul 151-921 Korea
| | - Eunghee Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu Seoul 151-921 Korea +82 2 880 4851
| | - Hyebin Han
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu Seoul 151-921 Korea +82 2 880 4851
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu Seoul 151-921 Korea +82 2 880 4851
- Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu Seoul 151-921 Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu Seoul 151-921 Korea
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8
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Qiao J. Dynamic Flow Approaches for Automated Radiochemical Analysis in Environmental, Nuclear and Medical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061462. [PMID: 32213999 PMCID: PMC7144463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Automated sample processing techniques are desirable in radiochemical analysis for environmental radioactivity monitoring, nuclear emergency preparedness, nuclear waste characterization and management during operation and decommissioning of nuclear facilities, as well as medical isotope production, to achieve fast and cost-effective analysis. Dynamic flow based approaches including flow injection (FI), sequential injection (SI), multi-commuted flow injection (MCFI), multi-syringe flow injection (MSFI), multi-pumping flow system (MPFS), lab-on-valve (LOV) and lab-in-syringe (LIS) techniques have been developed and applied to meet the analytical criteria under different situations. Herein an overall review and discussion on these techniques and methodologies developed for radiochemical separation and measurement of various radionuclides is presented. Different designs of flow systems with combinations of radiochemical separation techniques, such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME), solid phase extraction chromatography (SPEC), ion exchange chromatography (IEC), electrochemically modulated separations (EMS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) separation and online sensing and detection systems, are summarized and reviewed systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Qiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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Josypčuk O, Barek J, Josypčuk B. Silver Amalgam Tubular Detector Combined with Platinum Auxiliary Electrode for Electrochemical Measurements in Flow Systems. ELECTROANAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Josypčuk
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS, v.v.i. Dolejskova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Barek
- Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Analytical ChemistryUNESCO Laboratory of Environmental Electrochemistry Hlavova 2030/8 128 43 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Bohdan Josypčuk
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry of the CAS, v.v.i. Dolejskova 3 182 23 Prague 8 Czech Republic
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Javier Carrasco-Correa E, Kubáň P, Cocovi-Solberg DJ, Miró M. Fully Automated Electric-Field-Driven Liquid Phase Microextraction System with Renewable Organic Membrane As a Front End to High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10808-10815. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Pavel Kubáň
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Veveří 97, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - David J. Cocovi-Solberg
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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11
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Kazantzi V, Drosaki E, Skok A, Vishnikin AB, Anthemidis A. Evaluation of polypropylene and polyethylene as sorbent packing materials in on-line preconcentration columns for trace Pb(II) and Cd(II) determination by FAAS. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Rosende M, Prieto A, Etxebarria N, Martorell G, Miró M. Automatic Mesofluidic System Combining Dynamic Gastrointestinal Bioaccessibility with Lab-on-Valve-Based Sorptive Microextraction for Risk Exposure of Organic Emerging Contaminants in Filter-Feeding Organisms. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5739-5746. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Rosende
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Ailette Prieto
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Nestor Etxebarria
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Areatza z/g, 48620 Plentzia, Basque Country, Spain
| | - Gabriel Martorell
- Serveis Cientificotècnics, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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13
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Cocovi-Solberg DJ, Rosende M, Michalec M, Miró M. 3D Printing: The Second Dawn of Lab-On-Valve Fluidic Platforms for Automatic (Bio)Chemical Assays. Anal Chem 2018; 91:1140-1149. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Cocovi-Solberg
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears Spain
| | - María Rosende
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears Spain
| | - Michał Michalec
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
- MISMaP College, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears Spain
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Domínguez-Romero JC, Gilbert-López B, Beneito-Cambra M, Molina-Díaz A. Renewable chemiluminescence optosensors based on implementation of bead injection principle with multicommutation. Talanta 2018; 182:267-272. [PMID: 29501151 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.01.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the implementation of Bead Injection with multicommutation-based flow systems is reported. A surface renewable chemiluminescence (CL) flow sensor is presented based on the use of CL reaction of luminol with H2O2. Dowex 1 × 8 beads with immobilized luminol onto them were injected in the flow system by means of a six-port rotary valve and were accommodated into a 1 mm optical glass flow cell placed just in front of the rectangular photosensor window with the same size than the cell wall. Automatic computer-controlled manipulation of both reagents and sample solutions was undertaken using a multicommutated flow system which comprises five three-way solenoid valves, a home-made electronic interface and a Java-written software. Once the chemiluminescence signal was registered, sensing beads were automatically discarded out with a six-port rotary valve without needing to reverse or stop the flow. As a proof of concept and example, the enhancement of the chemiluminescence signal produced by Co(II) on the luminol-H2O2 reaction in alkaline medium was used for illustrating this implementation determining vitamin B12 in pharmaceutical preparations (after mineralization for releasing Co(II)). The analytical performance of the approach was satisfactory, showing a linear dynamic range from 1.7 to 50 µg L-1, a detection limit of 0.5 µg L-1, RSD (%) of 5.3%, with a sampling frequency of 11 h-1. The proposed approach was applied to different samples and the results were consistent with those obtained with a reference method based on ICP-MS. Based on the same reaction (or re-configuring the system to accommodate it to reaction requirements) the approach can also be applied to the determination of other metal ions such as Cr(III) and Fe(II) and appropriately extended to molecules of bioanalytical interest based e.g. in CL immunoassays, given its versatility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Domínguez-Romero
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Bienvenida Gilbert-López
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Miriam Beneito-Cambra
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Antonio Molina-Díaz
- Analytical Chemistry Research Group, Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain.
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15
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García-Valverde MT, Rosende M, Lucena R, Cárdenas S, Miró M. Lab-on-a-Valve Mesofluidic Platform for On-Chip Handling of Carbon-Coated Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes in a Disposable Microsolid Phase-Extraction Mode. Anal Chem 2018; 90:4783-4791. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa García-Valverde
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, España
| | - María Rosende
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Rafael Lucena
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, España
| | - Soledad Cárdenas
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Química Fina y Nanoquímica, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Marie Curie, E-14071 Córdoba, España
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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16
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Development and application of mass spectrometric techniques for ultra-trace determination of 236U in environmental samples-A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 995:1-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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17
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Timofeeva II, Vakh CS, Bulatov AV, Worsfold PJ. Flow analysis with chemiluminescence detection: Recent advances and applications. Talanta 2017; 179:246-270. [PMID: 29310229 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This article highlights the most important developments in flow analysis with chemiluminescence (CL) detection, describing different flow systems that are compatible with CL detection, detector designs, commonly applied CL reactions and approaches to sample treatment. Recent applications of flow analysis with CL detection (focusing on outputs published since 2010) are also presented. Applications are classified by sample matrix, covering foods and beverages, environmental matrices, pharmaceuticals and biological fluids. Comprehensive tables are provided for each area, listing the specific sample matrix, CL reaction used, linear range, limit of detection and sample treatment for each analyte. Finally, recent and emerging trends in the field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina I Timofeeva
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University, St.Petersburg State University, SPbSU, SPbU, 7/9 Universitetskayanab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Christina S Vakh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University, St.Petersburg State University, SPbSU, SPbU, 7/9 Universitetskayanab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey V Bulatov
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg University, St.Petersburg State University, SPbSU, SPbU, 7/9 Universitetskayanab., St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Paul J Worsfold
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences and Biogeochemistry Research Centre, Plymouth University, Plymouth, Devon PL4 8AA, UK
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18
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Cocovi-Solberg DJ, Esteve-Turrillas FA, Armenta S, de la Guardia M, Miró M. Towards an automatic lab-on-valve-ion mobility spectrometric system for detection of cocaine abuse. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1512:43-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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19
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Porous monoliths for on-line sample preparation: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 964:24-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Petrova A, Dar'in D, Ivanov A, Moskvin L, Ishimatsu R, Nakano K, Imato T, Bulatov A. Determination of curcumin in biologically active supplements and food spices using a mesofluidic platform with fluorescence detection. Talanta 2016; 159:300-306. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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21
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Poole C, Mester Z, Miró M, Pedersen-Bjergaard S, Pawliszyn J. Extraction for analytical scale sample preparation (IUPAC Technical Report). PURE APPL CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2015-0705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Approaches for sample preparation are developing rapidly as new strategies are implemented to improve sample throughput and to minimize material and solvent use in laboratory methods and to develop on-site capabilities. In majority of cases the key step in sample preparation is extraction, typically used to separate and enrich compounds of interests from the matrix in the extraction phase. In this contribution, the topic of analytical scale extraction is put in perspective emphasising the fundamental aspects of the underlying processes discussing the similarities and differences between different approaches. Classification of extraction techniques according to the mass transfer principles is provided.
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22
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Roda A, Mirasoli M, Michelini E, Di Fusco M, Zangheri M, Cevenini L, Roda B, Simoni P. Progress in chemical luminescence-based biosensors: A critical review. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 76:164-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Revised: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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Abstract
A dynamic development of methodologies of analytical flow injection measurements during four decades since their invention has reinforced the solid position of flow analysis in the arsenal of techniques and instrumentation of contemporary chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Trojanowicz
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Kamila Kołacińska
- Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Methods
- Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
- 03-195 Warsaw
- Poland
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24
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Rocha DL, Kamogawa MY, Rocha FR. A critical review on photochemical conversions in flow analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 896:11-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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25
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Gil RA, Pacheco PH, Cerutti S, Martinez LD. Vapor generation – atomic spectrometric techniques. Expanding frontiers through specific-species preconcentration. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 875:7-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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26
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Miró M. On-chip microsolid-phase extraction in a disposable sorbent format using mesofluidic platforms. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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27
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Programmable flow-based dynamic sorptive microextraction exploiting an octadecyl chemically modified rotating disk extraction system for the determination of acidic drugs in urine. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1368:64-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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28
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Application of flow analysis in determination of selected radionuclides. Talanta 2014; 125:131-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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29
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Dutschk V, Karapantsios T, Liggieri L, McMillan N, Miller R, Starov V. Smart and green interfaces: from single bubbles/drops to industrial environmental and biomedical applications. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 209:109-26. [PMID: 24679903 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces can be called Smart and Green (S&G) when tailored such that the required technologies can be implemented with high efficiency, adaptability and selectivity. At the same time they also have to be eco-friendly, i.e. products must be biodegradable, reusable or simply more durable. Bubble and drop interfaces are in many of these smart technologies the fundamental entities and help develop smart products of the everyday life. Significant improvements of these processes and products can be achieved by implementing and manipulating specific properties of these interfaces in a simple and smart way, in order to accomplish specific tasks. The severe environmental issues require in addition attributing eco-friendly features to these interfaces, by incorporating innovative, or, sometimes, recycle materials and conceiving new production processes which minimize the use of natural resources and energy. Such concept can be extended to include important societal challenges related to support a sustainable development and a healthy population. The achievement of such ambitious targets requires the technology research to be supported by a robust development of theoretical and experimental tools, needed to understand in more details the behavior of complex interfaces. A wide but not exhaustive review of recent work concerned with green and smart interfaces is presented, addressing different scientific and technological fields. The presented approaches reveal a huge potential in relation to various technological fields, such as nanotechnologies, biotechnologies, medical diagnostics, and new or improved materials.
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30
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Nunes-Miranda JD, Núñez C, Santos HM, Vale G, Reboiro-Jato M, Fdez-Riverola F, Lodeiro C, Miró M, Capelo JL. A mesofluidic platform integrating on-chip probe ultrasonication for multiple sample pretreatment involving denaturation, reduction, and digestion in protein identification assays by mass spectrometry. Analyst 2014; 139:992-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an02178e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel mesofluidic platform integrating on-chip probe ultrasonication for automated high-throughput shotgun proteomic assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Nunes-Miranda
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro
- Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology
| | - Cristina Núñez
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia
- FCT
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
| | - Hugo M. Santos
- Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Centre of Genomics and Biotechnology
- University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro
- Vila Real, Portugal
- REQUIMTE
| | - G. Vale
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia
- FCT
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
| | - Miguel Reboiro-Jato
- SING Group
- Informatics Department
- Higher Technical School of Computer Engineering
- University of Vigo
- Ourense, Spain
| | - Florentino Fdez-Riverola
- SING Group
- Informatics Department
- Higher Technical School of Computer Engineering
- University of Vigo
- Ourense, Spain
| | - Carlos Lodeiro
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia
- FCT
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE Group
- Department of Chemistry
- University of the Balearic Islands
- Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - J. L. Capelo
- REQUIMTE
- Departamento de Química
- Faculdade de Ciencias e Tecnologia
- FCT
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
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31
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Abstract
This review article describes analytical chemistry beyond green chemistry and all efforts that contribute to a more sustainable development. A background is given on sustainable development and green chemistry. Examples of “greening” strategies for sample preparation, chromatography, and detection are given. Thereafter, the review discusses how and why a method or a solvent could be claimed as being “green”. Green metrics for analytical chemistry is discussed, including the environment, health, and safety (EHS) index and life cycle assessment (LCA). The choice of solvent and the criteria for a solvent being “green” is also discussed. Finally, sustainable analytical chemistry is described by considering the three important “legs” so as to obtain sustainable development—economic feasibility, societal relevance, and environmental soundness. Hopefully, the review article will stimulate some new perspectives on the difference between greenness and sustainability in analytical chemistry.
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32
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Giakisikli G, Miró M, Anthemidis A. Integrated Lab-in-Syringe Platform Incorporating a Membraneless Gas–Liquid Separator for Automatic Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:8968-72. [DOI: 10.1021/ac402013j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Giakisikli
- Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki54124, Greece
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE
group,
Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km
7,5, E-07122 Palma de
Mallorca, Spain
| | - Aristidis Anthemidis
- Laboratory
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki54124, Greece
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33
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Hartwell SK, Kehling A, Lapanantnoppakhun S, Grudpan K. Flow Injection/Sequential Injection Chromatography: A Review of Recent Developments in Low Pressure with High Performance Chemical Separation. ANAL LETT 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2012.749487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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34
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Magnetic materials as sorbents for metal/metalloid preconcentration and/or separation. A review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 789:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 343] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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35
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Portugal LA, Laglera LM, Anthemidis AN, Ferreira SL, Miró M. Pressure-driven mesofluidic platform integrating automated on-chip renewable micro-solid-phase extraction for ultrasensitive determination of waterborne inorganic mercury. Talanta 2013; 110:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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36
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Nacapricha D, Sastranurak P, Mantim T, Amornthammarong N, Uraisin K, Boonpanaid C, Chuyprasartwattana C, Wilairat P. Cross injection analysis: Concept and operation for simultaneous injection of sample and reagents in flow analysis. Talanta 2013; 110:89-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Mesquita RB, Suárez R, Cerdà V, Rangel M, Rangel AO. Exploiting the use of 3,4-HPO ligands as nontoxic reagents for the determination of iron in natural waters with a sequential injection approach. Talanta 2013; 108:38-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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38
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Miró M, Hansen EH. On-line sample processing involving microextraction techniques as a front-end to atomic spectrometric detection for trace metal assays: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2013; 782:1-11. [PMID: 23708278 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Within the last decade, liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) and micro-solid phase extraction (μSPE) approaches have emerged as substitutes for conventional sample processing procedures for trace metal assays within the framework of green chemistry. This review surveys the progress of the state of the art in simplification and automation of microextraction approaches by harnessing to the various generations of flow injection (FI) as a front end to atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) or inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry or mass spectrometry (ICP-AES/MS). It highlights the evolution of flow injection analysis and related techniques as vehicles for appropriate sample presentation to the detector and expedient on-line matrix separation and pre-concentration of trace levels of metals in troublesome matrices. Rather than being comprehensive this review is aimed at outlining the pros and cons via representative examples of recent attempts in automating green sample preparation procedures in an FI or sequential injection (SI) mode capitalizing on single-drop microextraction, dispersive liquid-phase microextraction and advanced sorptive materials including carbon and metal oxide nanoparticles, ion imprinted polymers, superparamagnetic nanomaterials and biological/biomass sorbents. Current challenges in the field are identified and the synergetic combination of flow analysis, nanotechnology and metal-tagged biomolecule detection is envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain.
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39
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Qiao J, Hou X, Roos P, Miró M. Bead Injection Extraction Chromatography Using High-Capacity Lab-on-Valve as a Front End to Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry for Urine Radiobioassay. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2853-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303423k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Qiao
- Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus,
DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus,
DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Per Roos
- Center for Nuclear Technologies, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus,
DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Manuel Miró
- FI-TRACE Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa
km. 7.5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
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40
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ChemInform Abstract: Recent Advances and Future Prospects of Mesofluidic Lab-on-a-Valve Platforms in Analytical Sciences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/chin.201250268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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41
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Andreu V, Picó Y. Determination of currently used pesticides in biota. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:2659-81. [PMID: 22918537 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6331-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Revised: 07/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Although pesticides enable control of the quantity and quality of farm products and food, and help to limit diseases in humans transmitted by insects and rodents, they are regarded as among the most dangerous environmental contaminants because of their tendency to bioaccumulate, and their mobility and long-term effects on living organisms. In the past decade, more analytical methods for accurate identification and quantitative determination of traces of pesticides in biota have been developed to improve our understanding of their risk to ecosystems and humans. Because sample preparation is often the rate-determining step in analysis of pesticides in biological samples, this review first discusses extraction and clean-up procedures, after a brief introduction to the classes, and the methods used in the analysis of pesticides in biota. The analytical methods, especially chromatographic techniques and immunoassay-based methods, are reviewed in detail, and their corresponding advantages, limitations, applications, and prospects are also discussed. This review mainly covers reports published since 2008 on methods for analysis of currently used pesticides in biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Andreu
- Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación -CIDE, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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