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Barbosa AL, Gois GC, Dos Santos VB, Pinto ATDM, de Castro Andrade BP, de Souza LB, Almeida E Sá FH, Virginio JF, Queiroz MAÁ. Effects of different diets on Aedes aegypti adults: improving rearing techniques for sterile insect technique. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2023; 113:748-755. [PMID: 37743777 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485323000408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim was to evaluate the effect of different energy diets available in adulthood on the longevity, dispersal capacity and sexual performance of Aedes aegypti produced under a mass-rearing system. To evaluate the effects of diets in relation to the survival of the adult male insects of Ae. aegypti, six treatments were used: sucrose at a concentration of 10%, as a positive control (sack10); starvation, as a negative control (starvation); sucrose at a concentration of 20% associated with 1 g/l of ascorbic acid (sac20vitC); wild honey in a concentration of 10% (honey10); demerara sugar in a 10% concentration (demerara10); and sucrose at a concentration of 20% associated with 1 g/l of ascorbic acid and 0.5 g/l of amino acid proline (sac20vitCPr). Each treatment had 16 cages containing 50 adult males. For the tests of flight ability and propensity to copulation, five treatments were used (saca10; sac20vitC; mel10; demerara10; and sac20vitCPr), with males each for flight ability and females copulated by a single male for copulation propensity. The diet composed of sucrose at a concentration of 20% associated with ascorbic acid, as an antioxidant, improved the survival, flight ability and propensity to copulate in Ae. aegypti males under mass-rearing conditions, and may be useful to enhance the performance of sterile males, thus improving the success of sterile insect technique programmes.
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Carvalho DO, Costa-da-Silva AL, Petersen V, de Souza MS, Ioshino RS, Marques ICS, Franz AWE, Olson KE, James AA, Capurro ML. Transgene-induced cell death following dengue-2 virus infection in Aedes aegypti. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5958. [PMID: 37045866 PMCID: PMC10097671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32895-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENVs) are mosquito-borne flaviviruses causing millions of human infections each year and pose a challenge for public health systems worldwide. Aedes aegypti is the principal vector species transmitting DENVs to humans. Controlling Ae. aegypti is difficult due to the abundance of breeding sites and increasing insecticide resistance in the vector populations. Developing new vector control strategies is critical for decreasing the disease burden. One potential approach is genetically replacing Ae. aegypti populations with vector populations highly resistant to DENV transmission. Here, we focus on an alternative strategy for generating dengue 2 virus (DENV-2) resistance in genetically-modified Ae. aegypti in which the mosquitoes express an inactive form of Michelob_x (Mx), an antagonist of the Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP), to induce apoptosis in those cells in which actively replicating DENV-2 is present. The inactive form of Mx was flanked by the RRRRSAG cleavage motif, which was recognized by the NS2B/NS3 protease of the infecting DENV-2 thereby releasing and activating Mx which then induced apoptosis. Our transgenic strain exhibited a significantly higher mortality rate than the non-transgenic control when infected with DENV-2. We also transfected a DNA construct containing inactive Mx fused to eGFP into C6/36 mosquito cells and indirectly observed Mx activation on days 3 and 6 post-DENV-2 infections. There were clear signs that the viral NS2B/NS3 protease cleaved the transgene, thereby releasing Mx protein into the cytoplasm, as was confirmed by the detection of eGFP expression in infected cells. The present study represents proof of the concept that virus infection can be used to induce apoptosis in infected mosquito cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danilo O Carvalho
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Andre L Costa-da-Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vivian Petersen
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508, Brazil
| | - Micael Santana de Souza
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafaella S Ioshino
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabel C S Marques
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexander W E Franz
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
| | - Ken E Olson
- Center for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases (CVID), Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1685, USA
| | - Anthony A James
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Margareth L Capurro
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, 05508, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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3
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de Nadai BL, Maletzke AG, Corbi JJ, Batista GEAPA, Reiskind MH. The impact of body size on Aedes [Stegomyia] aegypti wingbeat frequency: implications for mosquito identification. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 35:617-624. [PMID: 34269474 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Billions of people are at risk due to mosquito-borne diseases. Ideally, the control of mosquito-borne diseases should integrate mosquito control and surveillance to maximize transmission prevention while minimizing environmental impacts. Mosquito surveillance is often limited in scope by logistical constraints, especially the labour and expertise in identifying captured mosquitoes. Mosquito sounds, primarily the wingbeat frequencies (WBF), have been extensively studied in the literature, often targeting a straightforward assessment of this technology with species identification in laboratory conditions. Optical sensors for measuring the WBF of free-flying mosquitoes are the most recent proposal to automate species identification. However, many of the factors that may influence WBF within and between species have not been fully examined, resulting in failures in the species identification. Here we show that body size and temperature modify the wingbeat frequency of female Aedes [Stegomyia] aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera:Culicidae) and such an optical sensor can capture these alterations. We demonstrate that this study's optical sensor can distinguish wingbeat frequency from large and small mosquitoes at different temperatures. The relationship between WBF and size should be taken into account to improve the accuracy of devices that automatically identify species using WBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- B L de Nadai
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Sanitation, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A G Maletzke
- Computer Science Department, Western Parana State University, Foz do Iguassu, Parana, Brazil
| | - J J Corbi
- Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Sanitation, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G E A P A Batista
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M H Reiskind
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, U.S.A
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Carneiro VCDS, Lucena LBD, Figueiró R, Victório CP. Larvicidal activity of plants from Myrtaceae against Aedes aegypti L. and Simulium pertinax Kollar (Diptera). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020; 54:e00922020. [PMID: 33338107 PMCID: PMC7747825 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0092-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Despite their widespread usage, synthetic insecticides and larvicides are
harmful for controlling disease-causing mosquitoes owing to the development
of resistance. The leaves of Eugenia astringens,
Myrrhinium atropurpureum, and Neomitranthes
obscura were collected from Marambaia and Grumari restingas.
The safety and larvicidal efficacy of their extracts were tested against
Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti L. and Simulium
(Chirostilbia) pertinax Kollar. METHODS: The dry leaves were subjected to static maceration extraction using 90%
methanol. A. aegypti and S. pertinax
larvae were exposed to 7.5, 12.5, and 25.0 µL/mL of the extracts (n= 30).
The larvicidal activity after 24 h and 48 h, and the mortality, were
determined. The median lethal concentration (CL50) was estimated
by a Finney's probit model. RESULTS: M. atropurpureum and E. astringens
extracts exhibited the strongest larvicidal effects against A.
aegypti. M. atropurpureum extracts (25 µL/mL)
caused mortalities of over 50% and 100% after 24 h and 48 h, respectively
(CL50 = 11.10 and 9.68 ppm, respectively). E.
astringens extracts (25 µL/mL) caused mortalities of 50% and
63.33% after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. High concentrations of N.
obscura extracts induced a maximum mortality of 46.66% in
A. aegypti larvae after 48 h (CL50= 25 ppm).
The larvae of S. pertinax showed 100% mortality following
exposure to all the plant extracts at all the tested concentrations after 24
h. CONCLUSIONS: The extracts of M. atropurpuerum exhibited the strongest
larvicidal activity against A. aegypti. The larvae of
S. pertinax were sensitive to all the extracts at all
the tested concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Cristine de Souza Carneiro
- Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Programa de Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Luana Braz de Lucena
- Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Programa de Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Ronaldo Figueiró
- Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Programa de Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Universidade Castelo Branco, Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda, Volta Redonda, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Pimentel Victório
- Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Programa de Mestrado em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.,Fundação Centro Universitário Estadual da Zona Oeste, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Biotecnologia Ambiental, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Harapan H, Michie A, Sasmono RT, Imrie A. Dengue: A Minireview. Viruses 2020; 12:v12080829. [PMID: 32751561 PMCID: PMC7472303 DOI: 10.3390/v12080829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue, caused by infection of any of four dengue virus serotypes (DENV-1 to DENV-4), is a mosquito-borne disease of major public health concern associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and economic cost, particularly in developing countries. Dengue incidence has increased 30-fold in the last 50 years and over 50% of the world’s population, in more than 100 countries, live in areas at risk of DENV infection. We reviews DENV biology, epidemiology, transmission dynamics including circulating serotypes and genotypes, the immune response, the pathogenesis of the disease as well as updated diagnostic methods, treatments, vector control and vaccine developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh 23111, Indonesia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (A.I.); Tel.: +62-(0)-651-7551843 (H.H.)
| | - Alice Michie
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - R. Tedjo Sasmono
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia;
| | - Allison Imrie
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
- Correspondence: (H.H.); (A.I.); Tel.: +62-(0)-651-7551843 (H.H.)
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Suresh M, Jeevanandam J, Chan YS, Danquah MK, Kalaiarasi JMV. Opportunities for Metal Oxide Nanoparticles as a Potential Mosquitocide. BIONANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12668-019-00703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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7
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Harapan H, Michie A, Yohan B, Shu P, Mudatsir M, Sasmono RT, Imrie A. Dengue viruses circulating in Indonesia: A systematic review and phylogenetic analysis of data from five decades. Rev Med Virol 2019; 29:e2037. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 12/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of MedicineUniversitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia
| | - Alice Michie
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia
| | | | - Pei‐Yun Shu
- Center for Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease ControlMinistry of Health and Welfare Taiwan Republic of China
| | - Mudatsir Mudatsir
- Medical Research Unit, School of MedicineUniversitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineUniversitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh Indonesia
| | | | - Allison Imrie
- School of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Western Australia Nedlands Western Australia Australia
- Pathwest Laboratory Medicine Nedlands Western Australia Australia
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8
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Lowe R, Barcellos C, Brasil P, Cruz OG, Honório NA, Kuper H, Carvalho MS. The Zika Virus Epidemic in Brazil: From Discovery to Future Implications. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E96. [PMID: 29315224 PMCID: PMC5800195 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first confirmed case of Zika virus infection in the Americas was reported in Northeast Brazil in May 2015, although phylogenetic studies indicate virus introduction as early as 2013. Zika rapidly spread across Brazil and to more than 50 other countries and territories on the American continent. The Aedesaegypti mosquito is thought to be the principal vector responsible for the widespread transmission of the virus. However, sexual transmission has also been reported. The explosively emerging epidemic has had diverse impacts on population health, coinciding with cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome and an unexpected epidemic of newborns with microcephaly and other neurological impairments. This led to Brazil declaring a national public health emergency in November 2015, followed by a similar decision by the World Health Organization three months later. While dengue virus serotypes took several decades to spread across Brazil, the Zika virus epidemic diffused within months, extending beyond the area of permanent dengue transmission, which is bound by a climatic barrier in the south and low population density areas in the north. This rapid spread was probably due to a combination of factors, including a massive susceptible population, climatic conditions conducive for the mosquito vector, alternative non-vector transmission, and a highly mobile population. The epidemic has since subsided, but many unanswered questions remain. In this article, we provide an overview of the discovery of Zika virus in Brazil, including its emergence and spread, epidemiological surveillance, vector and non-vector transmission routes, clinical complications, and socio-economic impacts. We discuss gaps in the knowledge and the challenges ahead to anticipate, prevent, and control emerging and re-emerging epidemics of arboviruses in Brazil and worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lowe
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Centre for the Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGLOBAL), Doctor Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Christovam Barcellos
- Institute of Health Communication and Information, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Oswaldo G Cruz
- Scientific Computation Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Nildimar Alves Honório
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
- Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores-Nosmove/Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
| | - Hannah Kuper
- International Centre for Evidence in Disability, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
| | - Marilia Sá Carvalho
- Scientific Computation Program, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Avenida Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro 21045-900, Brazil.
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Agarwal A, Parida M, Dash PK. Impact of transmission cycles and vector competence on global expansion and emergence of arboviruses. Rev Med Virol 2017; 27:e1941. [PMID: 28857363 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Arboviruses are transmitted between arthropod vectors and vertebrate host. Arboviral infection in mosquitoes is initiated when a mosquito feeds on a viremic host. Following ingestion of a viremic blood meal by mosquitoes, virus enters midgut along with the blood, infects and replicates in midgut epithelial cells, and then escapes to the hemocoel, from where it disseminates to various secondary organs including salivary glands. Subsequently, when mosquito bites another host, a new transmission cycle is initiated. The midgut and salivary glands act as anatomical barriers to virus infection and escape. These complex interactions between the virus and vector dictate the vector competence. Thus, vector competence reflects the success in overcoming different barriers within the vector. Along with these, other intrinsic factors like midgut microbiota and immune responses, extrinsic factors like temperature and humidity, and genetic factors like vector genotype and viral genotype have been discussed in this review. Recent advancement on novel molecular tools to study vector competence is also included. Different modes of arboviral transmission like horizontal, vertical, and venereal and how these play role in sustenance and emergence of arboviruses in nature are also discussed. These factors can be exploited to reduce the susceptibility of vectors for the viruses, so as to control arboviral diseases to certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Agarwal
- Division of Virology, Defence R and D Establishment, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Manmohan Parida
- Division of Virology, Defence R and D Establishment, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Paban Kumar Dash
- Division of Virology, Defence R and D Establishment, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Rather IA, Parray HA, Lone JB, Paek WK, Lim J, Bajpai VK, Park YH. Prevention and Control Strategies to Counter Dengue Virus Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2017; 7:336. [PMID: 28791258 PMCID: PMC5524668 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2017.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue is currently the highest and rapidly spreading vector-borne viral disease, which can lead to mortality in its severe form. The globally endemic dengue poses as a public health and economic challenge that has been attempted to suppress though application of various prevention and control techniques. Therefore, broad spectrum techniques, that are efficient, cost-effective, and environmentally sustainable, are proposed and practiced in dengue-endemic regions. The development of vaccines and immunotherapies have introduced a new dimension for effective dengue control and prevention. Thus, the present study focuses on the preventive and control strategies that are currently employed to counter dengue. While traditional control strategies bring temporary sustainability alone, implementation of novel biotechnological interventions, such as sterile insect technique, paratransgenesis, and production of genetically modified vectors, has improved the efficacy of the traditional strategies. Although a large-scale vector control strategy can be limited, innovative vaccine candidates have provided evidence for promising dengue prevention measures. The use of tetravalent dengue vaccine (CYD-TDV) has been the most effective so far in treating dengue infections. Nonetheless, challenges and limitation hinder the progress of developing integrated intervention methods and vaccines; while the improvement in the latest techniques and vaccine formulation continues, one can hope for a future without the threat of dengue virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan A Rather
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Hilal A Parray
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu UniversityGyungsan, South Korea
| | - Jameel B Lone
- Department of Biotechnology, Daegu UniversityGyungsan, South Korea
| | - Woon K Paek
- National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future PlanningDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Jeongheui Lim
- National Science Museum, Ministry of Science, ICT and Future PlanningDaejeon, South Korea
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Yong-Ha Park
- Department of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Yeungnam UniversityGyeongsan, South Korea
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11
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Islam J, Zaman K, Duarah S, Raju PS, Chattopadhyay P. Mosquito repellents: An insight into the chronological perspectives and novel discoveries. Acta Trop 2017; 167:216-230. [PMID: 28040483 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito being the major medically important arthropod vector; requires utmost attention to reduce the sufferings and economic consequences of those living in the endemic regions. This is only possible by minimising the human-mosquito contact by an absolute preventing measure. However, unfortunately, such absolute measures are yet to be developed despite enormous efforts and huge investments worldwide. In the absence of vaccines for number of mosquito-borne diseases, repellents could be an attractive option for both military personal and civilians to minimise the risk of contacting different mosquito-borne diseases. However, to achieve this golden goal, the detailed knowledge of a particular repellent is must, including its mode of repellency and other relevant informations. Here, in the present article, an effort has been made to convey the best and latest information on repellents in order to enhance the knowledge of scientific community. The review offers an overview on mosquito repellents, the novel discoveries, and areas in need of attention such as novel repellent formulations and their future prospective.
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12
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Dengue fever virus in Pakistan: effects of seasonal pattern and temperature change on distribution of vector and virus. Rev Med Virol 2016; 27. [DOI: 10.1002/rmv.1899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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13
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Singh RK, Dhama K, Malik YS, Ramakrishnan MA, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Saurabh S, Sachan S, Joshi SK. Zika virus – emergence, evolution, pathology, diagnosis, and control: current global scenario and future perspectives – a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2016; 36:150-75. [DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2016.1188333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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More than one rabbit out of the hat: Radiation, transgenic and symbiont-based approaches for sustainable management of mosquito and tsetse fly populations. Acta Trop 2016; 157:115-30. [PMID: 26774684 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) are bloodsucking vectors of human and animal pathogens. Mosquito-borne diseases (malaria, filariasis, dengue, zika, and chikungunya) cause severe mortality and morbidity annually, and tsetse fly-borne diseases (African trypanosomes causing sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in livestock) cost Sub-Saharan Africa an estimated US$ 4750 million annually. Current reliance on insecticides for vector control is unsustainable: due to increasing insecticide resistance and growing concerns about health and environmental impacts of chemical control there is a growing need for novel, effective and safe biologically-based methods that are more sustainable. The integration of the sterile insect technique has proven successful to manage crop pests and disease vectors, particularly tsetse flies, and is likely to prove effective against mosquito vectors, particularly once sex-separation methods are improved. Transgenic and symbiont-based approaches are in development, and more advanced in (particularly Aedes) mosquitoes than in tsetse flies; however, issues around stability, sustainability and biosecurity have to be addressed, especially when considering population replacement approaches. Regulatory issues and those relating to intellectual property and economic cost of application must also be overcome. Standardised methods to assess insect quality are required to compare and predict efficacy of the different approaches. Different combinations of these three approaches could be integrated to maximise their benefits, and all have the potential to be used in tsetse and mosquito area-wide integrated pest management programmes.
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Simões PMV, Ingham RA, Gibson G, Russell IJ. A role for acoustic distortion in novel rapid frequency modulation behaviour in free-flying male mosquitoes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 219:2039-47. [PMID: 27122548 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.135293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new stereotypical acoustic behaviour by male mosquitoes in response to the fundamental frequency of female flight tones during mating sequences. This male-specific free-flight behaviour consists of phonotactic flight beginning with a steep increase in wing-beat frequency (WBF) followed by rapid frequency modulation (RFM) of WBF in the lead up to copula formation. Male RFM behaviour involves remarkably fast changes in WBF and can be elicited without acoustic feedback or physical presence of the female. RFM features are highly consistent, even in response to artificial tones that do not carry the multi-harmonic components of natural female flight tones. Comparison between audiograms of the robust RFM behaviour and the electrical responses of the auditory Johnston's organ (JO) reveals that the male JO is tuned not to the female WBF per se but, remarkably, to the difference between the male and female WBFs. This difference is generated in the JO responses as a result of intermodulation distortion products (DPs) caused by non-linear interaction between male-female flight tones in the vibrations of the antenna. We propose that male mosquitoes rely on their own flight tones in making use of DPs to acoustically detect, locate and orientate towards flying females. We argue that the previously documented flight-tone harmonic convergence of flying male and female mosquitoes could be a consequence of WBF adjustments so that DPs generated through flight-tone interaction fall within the optimal frequency ranges for JO detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrício M V Simões
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Robert A Ingham
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Gabriella Gibson
- Department of Agriculture, Health and Environment, Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham, Kent ME4 4TB, UK
| | - Ian J Russell
- Sensory Neuroscience Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Brighton BN2 4GJ, UK
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Souza RS, Diaz-Albiter HM, Dillon VM, Dillon RJ, Genta FA. Digestion of Yeasts and Beta-1,3-Glucanases in Mosquito Larvae: Physiological and Biochemical Considerations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151403. [PMID: 27007411 PMCID: PMC4805253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti larvae ingest several kinds of microorganisms. In spite of studies regarding mosquito digestion, little is known about the nutritional utilization of ingested cells by larvae. We investigated the effects of using yeasts as the sole nutrient source for A. aegypti larvae. We also assessed the role of beta-1,3-glucanases in digestion of live yeast cells. Beta-1,3-glucanases are enzymes which hydrolyze the cell wall beta-1,3-glucan polyssacharide. Larvae were fed with cat food (controls), live or autoclaved Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells and larval weight, time for pupation and adult emergence, larval and pupal mortality were measured. The presence of S. cerevisiae cells inside the larval gut was demonstrated by light microscopy. Beta-1,3-glucanase was measured in dissected larval samples. Viability assays were performed with live yeast cells and larval gut homogenates, with or without addition of competing beta-1,3-glucan. A. aegypti larvae fed with yeast cells were heavier at the 4th instar and showed complete development with normal mortality rates. Yeast cells were efficiently ingested by larvae and quickly killed (10% death in 2h, 100% in 48h). Larvae showed beta-1,3-glucanase in head, gut and rest of body. Gut beta-1,3-glucanase was not derived from ingested yeast cells. Gut and rest of body activity was not affected by the yeast diet, but head homogenates showed a lower activity in animals fed with autoclaved S. cerevisiae cells. The enzymatic lysis of live S. cerevisiae cells was demonstrated using gut homogenates, and this activity was abolished when excess beta-1,3-glucan was added to assays. These results show that live yeast cells are efficiently ingested and hydrolyzed by A. aegypti larvae, which are able to fully-develop on a diet based exclusively on these organisms. Beta-1,3-glucanase seems to be essential for yeast lytic activity of A. aegypti larvae, which possess significant amounts of these enzyme in all parts investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Santos Souza
- Laboratory of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, 4365 Brasil Av, Leonidas Deane Building, room 207, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21040–360
| | - Hector Manuel Diaz-Albiter
- Laboratory of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, 4365 Brasil Av, Leonidas Deane Building, room 207, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21040–360
| | - Vivian Maureen Dillon
- Institute of Integrative Biology, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, United Kingdom
| | - Rod J. Dillon
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Furness Building, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4YG, United Kingdom
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Molecular Entomology, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Av., Center for Health Science, Building D, Basement, room 5, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21941–590
| | - Fernando Ariel Genta
- Laboratory of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, 4365 Brasil Av, Leonidas Deane Building, room 207, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21040–360
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Molecular Entomology, 373 Carlos Chagas Filho Av., Center for Health Science, Building D, Basement, room 5, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 21941–590
- * E-mail:
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Aedes aegypti Control Strategies in Brazil: Incorporation of New Technologies to Overcome the Persistence of Dengue Epidemics. INSECTS 2015; 6:576-94. [PMID: 26463204 PMCID: PMC4553499 DOI: 10.3390/insects6020576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Dengue is considered to be the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. The Aedes aegypti mosquito, its vector, is highly anthropophilic and is very well adapted to urban environments. Although several vaccine candidates are in advanced stages of development no licensed dengue vaccine is yet available. As a result, controlling the spread of dengue still requires that mosquitoes be targeted directly. We review the current methods of dengue vector control focusing on recent technical advances. We first examine the history of Brazil’s National Dengue Control Plan in effect since 2002, and we describe its establishment and operation. With the persistent recurrence of dengue epidemics, current strategies should be reassessed to bring to the forefront a discussion of the possible implementation of new technologies in Brazil’s mosquito control program.
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18
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Olson KE, Franz AWE. Advances in genetically modified Aedes aegypti to control transmission of dengue viruses. Future Virol 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/fvl.15.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Dengue viruses (DENV) are mosquito-borne viruses that infect millions of humans each year. DENVs are endemic in tropical regions of the world and maintained in a transmission cycle between mosquito vectors (Aedes aegypti) and humans. DEN disease control relies on vector control approaches that have had limited success and are difficult to sustain. Genetically modified mosquitoes (GMM) may be an alternative control strategy to limit DENV transmission. GMM-based control strategies include: conditional expression of a dominant lethal gene (RIDL) to reduce vector populations; and introgression of antipathogen (AP) genes into wild-type vectors for population replacement. In this review, we describe novel GMM-based strategies to limit DENV transmission and discuss potential hurdles to their successful implementation in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken E Olson
- Arthropod-borne & Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Alexander WE Franz
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, 303 Connaway Hall, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Robert MA, Okamoto KW, Gould F, Lloyd AL. Antipathogen genes and the replacement of disease-vectoring mosquito populations: a model-based evaluation. Evol Appl 2014; 7:1238-51. [PMID: 25558284 PMCID: PMC4275095 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, genetic strategies aimed at controlling populations of disease-vectoring mosquitoes have received considerable attention as alternatives to traditional measures. Theoretical studies have shown that female-killing (FK), antipathogen (AP), and reduce and replace (R&R) strategies can each decrease the number competent vectors. In this study, we utilize a mathematical model to evaluate impacts on competent Aedes aegypti populations of FK, AP, and R&R releases as well as hybrid strategies that result from combinations of these three approaches. We show that while the ordering of efficacy of these strategies depends upon population life history parameters, sex ratio of releases, and switch time in combination strategies, AP-only and R&R/AP releases typically lead to the greatest long-term reduction in competent vectors. R&R-only releases are often less effective at long-term reduction of competent vectors than AP-only releases or R&R/AP releases. Furthermore, the reduction in competent vectors caused by AP-only releases is easier to maintain than that caused by FK-only or R&R-only releases even when the AP gene confers a fitness cost. We discuss the roles that density dependence and inclusion of females play in the order of efficacy of the strategies. We anticipate that our results will provide added impetus to continue developing AP strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Robert
- Department of Mathematics and Biomathematics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA ; Department of Biology and Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Kenichi W Okamoto
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Fred Gould
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA ; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alun L Lloyd
- Department of Mathematics and Biomathematics Graduate Program, North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC, USA ; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD, USA
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Lees RS, Knols B, Bellini R, Benedict MQ, Bheecarry A, Bossin HC, Chadee DD, Charlwood J, Dabiré RK, Djogbenou L, Egyir-Yawson A, Gato R, Gouagna LC, Hassan MM, Khan SA, Koekemoer LL, Lemperiere G, Manoukis NC, Mozuraitis R, Pitts RJ, Simard F, Gilles JR. Review: Improving our knowledge of male mosquito biology in relation to genetic control programmes. Acta Trop 2014; 132 Suppl:S2-11. [PMID: 24252487 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The enormous burden placed on populations worldwide by mosquito-borne diseases, most notably malaria and dengue, is currently being tackled by the use of insecticides sprayed in residences or applied to bednets, and in the case of dengue vectors through reduction of larval breeding sites or larviciding with insecticides thereof. However, these methods are under threat from, amongst other issues, the development of insecticide resistance and the practical difficulty of maintaining long-term community-wide efforts. The sterile insect technique (SIT), whose success hinges on having a good understanding of the biology and behaviour of the male mosquito, is an additional weapon in the limited arsenal against mosquito vectors. The successful production and release of sterile males, which is the mechanism of population suppression by SIT, relies on the release of mass-reared sterile males able to confer sterility in the target population by mating with wild females. A five year Joint FAO/IAEA Coordinated Research Project brought together researchers from around the world to investigate the pre-mating conditions of male mosquitoes (physiology and behaviour, resource acquisition and allocation, and dispersal), the mosquito mating systems and the contribution of molecular or chemical approaches to the understanding of male mosquito mating behaviour. A summary of the existing knowledge and the main novel findings of this group is reviewed here, and further presented in the reviews and research articles that form this Acta Tropica special issue.
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