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Rosenbalm TN, Levi NH, Morykwas MJ, Wagner WD. Electrical stimulation via repeated biphasic conducting materials for peripheral nerve regeneration. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:61. [PMID: 37964030 PMCID: PMC10645611 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06763-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Improved materials for peripheral nerve repair are needed for the advancement of new surgical techniques in fields spanning from oncology to trauma. In this study, we developed bioresorbable materials capable of producing repeated electric field gradients spaced 600 μm apart to assess the impact on neuronal cell growth, and migration. Electrically conductive, biphasic composites comprised of poly (glycerol) sebacate acrylate (PGSA) alone, and doped with poly (pyrrole) (PPy), were prepared to create alternating segments with high and low electrically conductivity. Conductivity measurements demonstrated that 0.05% PPy added to PSA achieved an optimal value of 1.25 × 10-4 S/cm, for subsequent electrical stimulation. Tensile testing and degradation of PPy doped and undoped PGSA determined that 35-40% acrylation of PGSA matched nerve mechanical properties. Both fibroblast and neuronal cells thrived when cultured upon the composite. Biphasic PGSA/PPy sheets seeded with neuronal cells stimulated for with 3 V, 20 Hz demonstrated a 5x cell increase with 1 day of stimulation and up to a 10x cell increase with 3 days stimulation compared to non-stimulated composites. Tubular conduits composed of repeated high and low conductivity materials suitable for implantation in the rat sciatic nerve model for nerve repair were evaluated in vivo and were superior to silicone conduits. These results suggest that biphasic conducting conduits capable of maintaining mechanical properties without inducing compression injuries while generating repeated electric fields are a promising tool for acceleration of peripheral nerve repair to previously untreatable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tabitha N Rosenbalm
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27106, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Nicole H Levi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27106, USA.
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
| | - Michael J Morykwas
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27106, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - William D Wagner
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Wake Forest University-Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Winston-Salem, NC, 27106, USA
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
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Huang X, An Y, Yuan S, Chen C, Shan H, Zhang M. Silk fibroin carriers with sustained release capacity for treating neurological diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1117542. [PMID: 37214477 PMCID: PMC10196044 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1117542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases such as traumatic brain injury, cerebral ischemia, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's disease usually occur in the central and peripheral nervous system and result in nervous dysfunction, such as cognitive impairment and motor dysfunction. Long-term clinical intervention is necessary for neurological diseases where neural stem cell transplantation has made substantial progress. However, many risks remain for cell therapy, such as puncture bleeding, postoperative infection, low transplantation success rate, and tumor formation. Sustained drug delivery, which aims to maintain the desired steady-state drug concentrations in plasma or local injection sites, is considered as a feasible option to help overcome side effects and improve the therapeutic efficiency of drugs on neurological diseases. Natural polymers such as silk fibroin have excellent biocompatibility, which can be prepared for various end-use material formats, such as microsphere, gel, coating/film, scaffold/conduit, microneedle, and enables the dynamic release of loaded drugs to achieve a desired therapeutic response. Sustained-release drug delivery systems are based on the mechanism of diffusion and degradation by altering the structures of silk fibroin and drugs, factors, and cells, which can induce nerve recovery and restore the function of the nervous system in a slow and persistent manner. Based on these desirable properties of silk fibroin as a carrier with sustained-release capacity, this paper discusses the role of various forms of silk fibroin-based drug delivery materials in treating neurological diseases in recent years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqi Huang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yumei An
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shengye Yuan
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Dongtai People’s Hospital, Dongtai, China
| | - Haiyan Shan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mingyang Zhang
- Institute of Forensic Sciences, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Micropattern Silk Fibroin Film Facilitates Tendon Repair In Vivo and Promotes Tenogenic Differentiation of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells through the α2 β1/FAK/PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway In Vitro. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:2915826. [PMID: 36684388 PMCID: PMC9859702 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2915826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tendon injuries are common clinical disorders. Due to the limited regeneration ability of tendons, tissue engineering technology is often used as an adjuvant treatment. This study explored the molecular pathways underlying micropattern SF film-regulated TSPC propensity and their repairing effects to highlight the application value of micropattern SF films. Methods First, we characterized the physical properties of the micropattern SF films and explored their repairing effects on the injured tendons in vivo. Then, we seeded TSPCs on SF films in vitro and determined the micropattern SF film-induced gene expression and activation of signaling pathways in TSPCs through high-throughput RNA sequencing and proteomics assays. Results The results of in vivo studies suggested that micropattern SF films can promote remodeling of the injured tendon. In addition, immunohistochemistry (IHC) results showed that tendon marker genes were significantly increased in the micropattern SF film repair group. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses demonstrated that micropattern SF film-induced genes and proteins in TSPCs were mainly enriched in the focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/actin and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of integrins α2β1, tenascin-C (TNC), and tenomodulin (TNMD) and the phosphorylation of AKT were significantly increased in the micropattern SF film group, which could be abrogated by applying PI3K/AKT inhibitors. Conclusion Micropattern SF films modified by water annealing can promote remodeling of the injured tendon in vivo and regulate the tendon differentiation of TSPCs through the α2β1/FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in vitro. Therefore, they have great medical value in tendon repair.
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Gregory DA, Fricker ATR, Mitrev P, Ray M, Asare E, Sim D, Larpnimitchai S, Zhang Z, Ma J, Tetali SSV, Roy I. Additive Manufacturing of Polyhydroxyalkanoate-Based Blends Using Fused Deposition Modelling for the Development of Biomedical Devices. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14010040. [PMID: 36662087 PMCID: PMC9865795 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades Additive Manufacturing has advanced and is becoming important for biomedical applications. In this study we look at a variety of biomedical devices including, bone implants, tooth implants, osteochondral tissue repair patches, general tissue repair patches, nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) and coronary artery stents to which fused deposition modelling (FDM) can be applied. We have proposed CAD designs for these devices and employed a cost-effective 3D printer to fabricate proof-of-concept prototypes. We highlight issues with current CAD design and slicing and suggest optimisations of more complex designs targeted towards biomedical applications. We demonstrate the ability to print patient specific implants from real CT scans and reconstruct missing structures by means of mirroring and mesh mixing. A blend of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), a family of biocompatible and bioresorbable natural polymers and Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA), a known bioresorbable medical polymer is used. Our characterisation of the PLA/PHA filament suggest that its tensile properties might be useful to applications such as stents, NGCs, and bone scaffolds. In addition to this, the proof-of-concept work for other applications shows that FDM is very useful for a large variety of other soft tissue applications, however other more elastomeric MCL-PHAs need to be used.
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Mikhailova MM, Sydoruk KV, Davydova LI, Yastremsky EV, Chvalun SN, Debabov VG, Bogush VG, Panteleyev AA. Nonwoven spidroin materials as scaffolds for ex vivo cultivation of aortic fragments and dorsal root ganglia. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2022; 33:1685-1703. [PMID: 35499451 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2073426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant spidroins (RS; the analogues of silk proteins of spider's web) have multiple properties beneficial for bioengineering, including their suitability for electrospinning and thus, for production of materials with oriented fibers. This makes RS-based matrices potentially effective in stimulating regeneration of peripheral nerves. The restoration of injured nerves also depends on prompt regrowth of blood vessels. Therefore, prospective scaffold materials for neuro-regenerative therapy should positively affect both the nerves and the blood vessels. Currently, the experimental models suitable for culturing and quantitative assessment of the vascular and neuronal cells on the same material are lacking. Here, we assessed the suitability of electrospun RS-based matrices for cultivation of the mouse aorta and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) explants. We also quantified the effects of matrix topography upon both types of tissues. The RS-based materials have effectively supported aortic explants survival and sprouting. The cumulative length of endothelial sprouts on rS1/9-coated inserts was significantly higher as compared to type I collagen coatings, suggesting stimulatory effects on angiogenesis in vitro. In contrast to matrices with random fibers, on matrices with parallel fibers the migration of both smooth muscle and endothelial cells was highly oriented. Furthermore, alignment of RS fibers effectively directs the growth of axons and the migration of Schwann cells from DRGs. Thus, the electrospun RS matrices are highly suitable to culture both, the DRGs and aortic explants and to study the effects of matrix topography on cell migration. This model has a high potential for further endeavor into interactions of nerve and vascular cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantin V Sydoruk
- National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia.,National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute» - GosNIIGenetika, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lubov I Davydova
- National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia.,National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute» - GosNIIGenetika, Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniy V Yastremsky
- National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia.,Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of FSRC "Crystallography and Photonics" RAS, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir G Debabov
- National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia.,National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute» - GosNIIGenetika, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir G Bogush
- National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute», Moscow, Russia.,National Research Centre «Kurchatov Institute» - GosNIIGenetika, Moscow, Russia
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De I, Sharma P, Singh M. Emerging approaches of neural regeneration using physical stimulations solely or coupled with smart piezoelectric nano-biomaterials. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 173:73-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Hansson ML, Chatterjee U, Francis J, Arndt T, Broman C, Johansson J, Sköld MK, Rising A. Artificial spider silk supports and guides neurite extension in vitro. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21896. [PMID: 34634154 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100916r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Surgical intervention with the use of autografts is considered the gold standard to treat peripheral nerve injuries. However, a biomaterial that supports and guides nerve growth would be an attractive alternative to overcome problems with limited availability, morbidity at the site of harvest, and nerve mismatches related to autografts. Native spider silk is a promising material for construction of nerve guidance conduit (NGC), as it enables regeneration of cm-long nerve injuries in sheep, but regulatory requirements for medical devices demand synthetic materials. Here, we use a recombinant spider silk protein (NT2RepCT) and a functionalized variant carrying a peptide derived from vitronectin (VN-NT2RepCT) as substrates for nerve growth support and neurite extension, using a dorsal root ganglion cell line, ND7/23. Two-dimensional coatings were benchmarked against poly-d-lysine and recombinant laminins. Both spider silk coatings performed as the control substrates with regards to proliferation, survival, and neurite growth. Furthermore, NT2RepCT and VN-NT2RepCT spun into continuous fibers in a biomimetic spinning set-up support cell survival, neurite growth, and guidance to an even larger extent than native spider silk. Thus, artificial spider silk is a promising biomaterial for development of NGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus L Hansson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Experimental Traumatology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B8 Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Urmimala Chatterjee
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Juanita Francis
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tina Arndt
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Christian Broman
- Experimental Traumatology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B8 Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Johansson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Mattias K Sköld
- Experimental Traumatology Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicum B8 Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience, Section of Neurosurgery, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anna Rising
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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8
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Yonesi M, Garcia-Nieto M, Guinea GV, Panetsos F, Pérez-Rigueiro J, González-Nieto D. Silk Fibroin: An Ancient Material for Repairing the Injured Nervous System. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:429. [PMID: 33806846 PMCID: PMC8004633 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Silk refers to a family of natural fibers spun by several species of invertebrates such as spiders and silkworms. In particular, silkworm silk, the silk spun by Bombyx mori larvae, has been primarily used in the textile industry and in clinical settings as a main component of sutures for tissue repairing and wound ligation. The biocompatibility, remarkable mechanical performance, controllable degradation, and the possibility of producing silk-based materials in several formats, have laid the basic principles that have triggered and extended the use of this material in regenerative medicine. The field of neural soft tissue engineering is not an exception, as it has taken advantage of the properties of silk to promote neuronal growth and nerve guidance. In addition, silk has notable intrinsic properties and the by-products derived from its degradation show anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Finally, this material can be employed for the controlled release of factors and drugs, as well as for the encapsulation and implantation of exogenous stem and progenitor cells with therapeutic capacity. In this article, we review the state of the art on manufacturing methodologies and properties of fiber-based and non-fiber-based formats, as well as the application of silk-based biomaterials to neuroprotect and regenerate the damaged nervous system. We review previous studies that strategically have used silk to enhance therapeutics dealing with highly prevalent central and peripheral disorders such as stroke, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and peripheral trauma. Finally, we discuss previous research focused on the modification of this biomaterial, through biofunctionalization techniques and/or the creation of novel composite formulations, that aim to transform silk, beyond its natural performance, into more efficient silk-based-polymers towards the clinical arena of neuroprotection and regeneration in nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Yonesi
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
| | | | - Gustavo V. Guinea
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fivos Panetsos
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Neurocomputing and Neurorobotics Research Group, Faculty of Biology and Faculty of Optics, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Innovation Group, Institute for Health Research San Carlos Clinical Hospital (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Pérez-Rigueiro
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Ciencia de Materiales, ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel González-Nieto
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain; (M.Y.); (G.V.G.)
- Silk Biomed SL, 28260 Madrid, Spain;
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Tecnología Fotónica y Bioingeniería, ETSI Telecomunicaciones, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Regenerative therapies aim to develop novel treatments to restore tissue function. Several strategies have been investigated including the use of biomedical implants as three-dimensional artificial matrices to fill the defect side, to replace damaged tissues or for drug delivery. Bioactive implants are used to provide growth environments for tissue formation for a variety of applications including nerve, lung, skin and orthopaedic tissues. Implants can either be biodegradable or non-degradable, should be nontoxic and biocompatible, and should not trigger an immunological response. Implants can be designed to provide suitable surface area-to-volume ratios, ranges of porosities, pore interconnectivities and adequate mechanical strengths. Due to their broad range of properties, numerous biomaterials have been used for implant manufacture. To enhance an implant’s bioactivity, materials can be functionalised in several ways, including surface modification using proteins, incorporation of bioactive drugs, growth factors and/or cells. These strategies have been employed to create local bioactive microenvironments to direct cellular responses and to promote tissue regeneration and controlled drug release. This chapter provides an overview of current bioactive biomedical implants, their fabrication and applications, as well as implant materials used in drug delivery and tissue regeneration. Additionally, cell- and drug-based bioactivity, manufacturing considerations and future trends will be discussed.
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Pawar K, Welzel G, Haynl C, Schuster S, Scheibel T. Recombinant Spider Silk and Collagen-Based Nerve Guidance Conduits Support Neuronal Cell Differentiation and Functionality in Vitro. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:4872-4880. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Pawar
- Department for Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Strasse 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Christian Haynl
- Department for Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Strasse 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Scheibel
- Department for Biomaterials, University of Bayreuth, Prof.-Rüdiger-Bormann-Strasse 1, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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Janani G, Kumar M, Chouhan D, Moses JC, Gangrade A, Bhattacharjee S, Mandal BB. Insight into Silk-Based Biomaterials: From Physicochemical Attributes to Recent Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:5460-5491. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Tang-Schomer MD, Kaplan DL, Whalen MJ. Film interface for drug testing for delivery to cells in culture and in the brain. Acta Biomater 2019; 94:306-319. [PMID: 30836199 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Brain access remains a major challenge in drug testing. The nearly 'impermeable' blood-brain-barrier (BBB) prevents most drugs from gaining access to brain cells via systematic intravenous (IV) injection. In this study, silk fibroin films were used as drug carrier as well as cell culture substrate to simulate the in vivo interface between drug reservoir and brain cells for testing drug delivery in the brain. In in vitro studies, film-released arabinofuranosyl cytidine (AraC), a mitotic inhibitor, selectively killed glial cells in film-supported mixed neural cell cultures; with widened dosage windows for drug efficacy and tolerance compared to drugs in solution. In the brain, the presence of silk films was well tolerated with no signs of acute neuroinflammation, cell death, or altered brain function. Topical application of silk films on the cortical surface delivered Evans blue, a BBB-impenetrable fluorescent marker, through the intact dura matter into the parenchyma of the ipsilateral hemisphere as deep as the hippocampal region, but not the contralateral hemisphere. In a mouse traumatic brain injury (TBI) model, necrosis markers by film delivery accessed more cells in the lesion core than by con-current IV delivery; whereas the total coverage including the peri-lesional area appeared to be comparable between the two routes. The complementary distribution patterns of co-delivered markers provided direct evidence of the partial confinement of either route's access to brain cells by a restrictive zone near the lesion border. Finally, film-delivered necrostatin-1 reduced overall cell necrosis by approximately 40% in the TBI model. These findings from representative small molecules of delivery route-dependent drug access are broadly applicable for evaluating drug actions both in vitro and in vivo. Combined with its demonstrated role of supporting neuron-electrode interfaces, the film system can be further developed for testing a range of neuromodulation approaches (i.e., drug delivery, electrical stimulation, cell graft) in the brain. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrated that silk fibroin films can be used to evaluate drug actions both in vitro and in vivo, partially overcoming the significant delivery barriers of the brain. This system can be adapted for efficient drug access to specific brain regions and/or cell types. The film system can be further developed for testing a range of interventions with drugs, electrical signals or cell graft for analysis of treatment outcomes including cell responses and brain function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min D Tang-Schomer
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA; University of Connecticut Health Center & Connecticut Children's Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
| | - David L Kaplan
- Tufts University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Medford, MA 02155, United States.
| | - Michael J Whalen
- Harvard Medical School, Acute Brain Injury Research Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Charlestown, MA 02129, United States.
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Fabricated tropoelastin-silk yarns and woven textiles for diverse tissue engineering applications. Acta Biomater 2019; 91:112-122. [PMID: 31004842 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun yarns offer substantial opportunities for the fabrication of elastic scaffolds for flexible tissue engineering applications. Currently available yarns are predominantly made of synthetic elastic materials. Thus scaffolds made from these yarns typically lack cell signaling cues. This can result in poor integration or even rejection on implantation, which drive demands for a new generation of yarns made from natural biologically compatible materials. Here, we present a new type of cell-attractive, highly twisted protein-based yarns made from blended tropoelastin and silk fibroin. These yarns combine physical and biological benefits by being rendered elastic and bioactive through the incorporation of tropoelastin and strengthened through the presence of silk fibroin. Remarkably, the process delivered multi-meter long yarns of tropoelastin-silk mixture that were conducive to fabrication of meshes on hand-made frames. The resulting hydrated meshes are elastic and cell interactive. Furthermore, subcutaneous implantation of the meshes in mice demonstrates their tolerance and persistence over 8 weeks. This combination of mechanical properties, biocompatibility and processability into diverse shapes and patterns underscores the value of these materials and platform technology for tissue engineering applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Synthetic yarns are used to fabricate textile materials for various applications such as surgical meshes for hernia repair and pelvic organ prolapse. However, synthetic materials lack the attractive biological and physical cues characteristic of extracellular matrix and there is a demand for materials that can minimize postoperative complications. To address this need, we made yarns from a combination of recombinant human tropoelastin and silk fibroin using a modified electrospinning approach that blended these proteins into functional yarns. Prior to this study, no protein-based yarns using tropoelastin were available for the fabrication of functional textile materials. Multimeter-long, uniform and highly twisted yarns based on these proteins were elastic and cell interactive and demonstrated processing to yield textile fabrics. By using these yarns to weave fabrics, we demonstrate that an elastic human matrix protein blend can deliver a versatile platform technology to make textiles that can be explored for efficacy in tissue repair.
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15
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Sun Y, Quan Q, Meng H, Zheng Y, Peng J, Hu Y, Feng Z, Sang X, Qiao K, He W, Chi X, Zhao L. Enhanced Neurite Outgrowth on a Multiblock Conductive Nerve Scaffold with Self-Powered Electrical Stimulation. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1900127. [PMID: 30941919 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201900127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (ES) is widely applied to promote nerve regeneration. Currently, metal needles are used to exert external ES, which may cause pain and risk of infection. In this work, a multiblock conductive nerve scaffold with self-powered ES by the consumption of glucose and oxygen is prepared. The conductive substrate is prepared by in situ polymerization of polypyrrole (PPy) on the nanofibers of bacterial cellulose (BC). Platinum nanoparticles are electrodeposited on the anode side for glucose oxidation, while nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes (N-CNTs) are loaded on the cathode side for oxygen reduction. The scaffold shows good mechanical property, flexibility and conductivity. The scaffold can form a potential difference of above 300 mV between the anode and the cathode in PBS with 5 × 10-3 m glucose. Dorsal root ganglions cultured on the Pt-BC/PPy-N-CNTs scaffold are 55% longer in mean neurite length than those cultured on BC/PPy. In addition, in vivo study indicates that the Pt-BC/PPy-N-CNTs scaffold promotes nerve regeneration compared with the BC/PPy group. This paper presents a novel design of a nerve scaffold with self-powered ES. In the future, it can be combined with other features to promote nerve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Sun
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Qi Quan
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War InjuriesPLA Institute of OrthopedicsChinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China
| | - Haoye Meng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War InjuriesPLA Institute of OrthopedicsChinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China
| | - Yudong Zheng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in OrthopedicsKey Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War InjuriesPLA Institute of OrthopedicsChinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China
- Co‐innovation Center of NeuroregenerationNantong University Nantong Jiangsu Province 226007 China
| | - Yaxin Hu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Zhaoxuan Feng
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiao Sang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Kun Qiao
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Wei He
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Xiaoqi Chi
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Research Center for BioEngineering and Sensing TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Biological EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China
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16
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Zhang PX, Han N, Kou YH, Zhu QT, Liu XL, Quan DP, Chen JG, Jiang BG. Tissue engineering for the repair of peripheral nerve injury. Neural Regen Res 2019; 14:51-58. [PMID: 30531070 PMCID: PMC6263012 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.243701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical problem and affects the quality of life of patients. Traditional restoration methods are not satisfactory. Researchers increasingly focus on the field of tissue engineering. The three key points in establishing a tissue engineering material are the biological scaffold material, the seed cells and various growth factors. Understanding the type of nerve injury, the construction of scaffold and the process of repair are necessary to solve peripheral nerve injury and promote its regeneration. This review describes the categories of peripheral nerve injury, fundamental research of peripheral nervous tissue engineering and clinical research on peripheral nerve scaffold material, and paves a way for related research and the use of conduits in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Na Han
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Hui Kou
- Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Tang Zhu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Da-Ping Quan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Guo Chen
- School of Life Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
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17
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Aghaei-Ghareh-Bolagh B, Guan J, Wang Y, Martin AD, Dawson R, Mithieux SM, Weiss AS. Optically robust, highly permeable and elastic protein films that support dual cornea cell types. Biomaterials 2019; 188:50-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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18
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Magaz A, Faroni A, Gough JE, Reid AJ, Li X, Blaker JJ. Bioactive Silk-Based Nerve Guidance Conduits for Augmenting Peripheral Nerve Repair. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800308. [PMID: 30260575 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Repair of peripheral nerve injuries depends upon complex biology stemming from the manifold and challenging injury-healing processes of the peripheral nervous system. While surgical treatment options are available, they tend to be characterized by poor clinical outcomes for the injured patients. This is particularly apparent in the clinical management of a nerve gap whereby nerve autograft remains the best clinical option despite numerous limitations; in addition, effective repair becomes progressively more difficult with larger gaps. Nerve conduit strategies based on tissue engineering approaches and the use of silk as scaffolding material have attracted much attention in recent years to overcome these limitations and meet the clinical demand of large gap nerve repair. This review examines the scientific advances made with silk-based conduits for peripheral nerve repair. The focus is on enhancing bioactivity of the conduits in terms of physical guidance cues, inner wall and lumen modification, and imbuing novel conductive functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Magaz
- Bio‐Active Materials GroupSchool of MaterialsMSS TowerThe University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis, Way, Innovis #08‐03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Alessandro Faroni
- Blond McIndoe LaboratoriesDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Julie E. Gough
- School of MaterialsThe University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
| | - Adam J. Reid
- Blond McIndoe LaboratoriesDivision of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative MedicineSchool of Biological SciencesFaculty of Biology, Medicine and HealthThe University of ManchesterManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M13 9PL UK
- Department of Plastic Surgery and BurnsWythenshawe HospitalManchester University NHS Foundation TrustManchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester M23 9LT UK
| | - Xu Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE)Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) 2 Fusionopolis, Way, Innovis #08‐03 Singapore 138634 Singapore
| | - Jonny J. Blaker
- Bio‐Active Materials GroupSchool of MaterialsMSS TowerThe University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
- School of MaterialsThe University of Manchester Manchester M13 9PL UK
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19
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Coenen AMJ, Bernaerts KV, Harings JAW, Jockenhoevel S, Ghazanfari S. Elastic materials for tissue engineering applications: Natural, synthetic, and hybrid polymers. Acta Biomater 2018; 79:60-82. [PMID: 30165203 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Elastin and collagen are the two main components of elastic tissues and provide the tissue with elasticity and mechanical strength, respectively. Whereas collagen is adequately produced in vitro, production of elastin in tissue-engineered constructs is often inadequate when engineering elastic tissues. Therefore, elasticity has to be artificially introduced into tissue-engineered scaffolds. The elasticity of scaffold materials can be attributed to either natural sources, when native elastin or recombinant techniques are used to provide natural polymers, or synthetic sources, when polymers are synthesized. While synthetic elastomers often lack the biocompatibility needed for tissue engineering applications, the production of natural materials in adequate amounts or with proper mechanical strength remains a challenge. However, combining natural and synthetic materials to create hybrid components could overcome these issues. This review explains the synthesis, mechanical properties, and structure of native elastin as well as the theories on how this extracellular matrix component provides elasticity in vivo. Furthermore, current methods, ranging from proteins and synthetic polymers to hybrid structures that are being investigated for providing elasticity to tissue engineering constructs, are comprehensively discussed. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Tissue engineered scaffolds are being developed as treatment options for malfunctioning tissues throughout the body. It is essential that the scaffold is a close mimic of the native tissue with regards to both mechanical and biological functionalities. Therefore, the production of elastic scaffolds is of key importance to fabricate tissue engineered scaffolds of the elastic tissues such as heart valves and blood vessels. Combining naturally derived and synthetic materials to reach this goal proves to be an interesting area where a highly tunable material that unites mechanical and biological functionalities can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M J Coenen
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Katrien V Bernaerts
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Jules A W Harings
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Jockenhoevel
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands; Department of Biohybrid & Medical Textiles (BioTex), AME-Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraβe 55, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - Samaneh Ghazanfari
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, Brightlands Chemelot Campus, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, The Netherlands.
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20
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Tang JD, Caliari SR, Lampe KJ. Temperature-Dependent Complex Coacervation of Engineered Elastin-like Polypeptide and Hyaluronic Acid Polyelectrolytes. Biomacromolecules 2018; 19:3925-3935. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b00837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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21
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Soucy JR, Shirzaei Sani E, Portillo Lara R, Diaz D, Dias F, Weiss AS, Koppes AN, Koppes RA, Annabi N. Photocrosslinkable Gelatin/Tropoelastin Hydrogel Adhesives for Peripheral Nerve Repair. Tissue Eng Part A 2018; 24:1393-1405. [PMID: 29580168 PMCID: PMC6150941 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2017.0502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Suturing peripheral nerve transections is the predominant therapeutic strategy for nerve repair. However, the use of sutures leads to scar tissue formation, hinders nerve regeneration, and prevents functional recovery. Fibrin-based adhesives have been widely used for nerve reconstruction, but their limited adhesive and mechanical strength and inability to promote nerve regeneration hamper their utility as a stand-alone intervention. To overcome these challenges, we engineered composite hydrogels that are neurosupportive and possess strong tissue adhesion. These composites were synthesized by photocrosslinking two naturally derived polymers, gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) and methacryloyl-substituted tropoelastin (MeTro). The engineered materials exhibited tunable mechanical properties by varying the GelMA/MeTro ratio. In addition, GelMA/MeTro hydrogels exhibited 15-fold higher adhesive strength to nerve tissue ex vivo compared to fibrin control. Furthermore, the composites were shown to support Schwann cell (SC) viability and proliferation, as well as neurite extension and glial cell participation in vitro, which are essential cellular components for nerve regeneration. Finally, subcutaneously implanted GelMA/MeTro hydrogels exhibited slower degradation in vivo compared with pure GelMA, indicating its potential to support the growth of slowly regenerating nerves. Thus, GelMA/MeTro composites may be used as clinically relevant biomaterials to regenerate nerves and reduce the need for microsurgical suturing during nerve reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Soucy
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ehsan Shirzaei Sani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Roberto Portillo Lara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de IngenierÍa y Ciencias, Zapopan, JAL, Mexico
| | - David Diaz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Felipe Dias
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anthony S. Weiss
- Charles Perkins Centre, School of Life and Environmental Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Abigail N. Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ryan A. Koppes
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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22
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Yeo GC, Mithieux SM, Weiss AS. The elastin matrix in tissue engineering and regeneration. CURRENT OPINION IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cobme.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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23
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Fabrication of porous three-dimensional fibroin structures through a freezing process. J Appl Polym Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/app.46537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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24
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Pesqueira T, Costa-Almeida R, Mithieux SM, Babo PS, Franco AR, Mendes BB, Domingues RMA, Freitas P, Reis RL, Gomes ME, Weiss AS. Engineering magnetically responsive tropoelastin spongy-like hydrogels for soft tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1066-1075. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02035j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic biomaterials are a key focus in medical research.
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25
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Stratton S, Shelke NB, Hoshino K, Rudraiah S, Kumbar SG. Bioactive polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering. Bioact Mater 2016; 1:93-108. [PMID: 28653043 PMCID: PMC5482547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of engineered scaffolds have been created for tissue engineering using polymers, ceramics and their composites. Biomimicry has been adopted for majority of the three-dimensional (3D) scaffold design both in terms of physicochemical properties, as well as bioactivity for superior tissue regeneration. Scaffolds fabricated via salt leaching, particle sintering, hydrogels and lithography have been successful in promoting cell growth in vitro and tissue regeneration in vivo. Scaffold systems derived from decellularization of whole organs or tissues has been popular due to their assured biocompatibility and bioactivity. Traditional scaffold fabrication techniques often failed to create intricate structures with greater resolution, not reproducible and involved multiple steps. The 3D printing technology overcome several limitations of the traditional techniques and made it easier to adopt several thermoplastics and hydrogels to create micro-nanostructured scaffolds and devices for tissue engineering and drug delivery. This review highlights scaffold fabrication methodologies with a focus on optimizing scaffold performance through the matrix pores, bioactivity and degradation rate to enable tissue regeneration. Review highlights few examples of bioactive scaffold mediated nerve, muscle, tendon/ligament and bone regeneration. Regardless of the efforts required for optimization, a shift in 3D scaffold uses from the laboratory into everyday life is expected in the near future as some of the methods discussed in this review become more streamlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Stratton
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Namdev B. Shelke
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kazunori Hoshino
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, CT, 06103, USA
| | - Sangamesh G. Kumbar
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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26
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Dong X, Zhao Q, Xiao L, Lu Q, Kaplan DL. Amorphous Silk Nanofiber Solutions for Fabricating Silk-Based Functional Materials. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:3000-6. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodan Dong
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Zhao
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liying Xiao
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
- National
Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People’s Republic of China
| | - David L. Kaplan
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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27
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Jao D, Mou X, Hu X. Tissue Regeneration: A Silk Road. J Funct Biomater 2016; 7:E22. [PMID: 27527229 PMCID: PMC5040995 DOI: 10.3390/jfb7030022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Silk proteins are natural biopolymers that have extensive structural possibilities for chemical and mechanical modifications to facilitate novel properties, functions, and applications in the biomedical field. The versatile processability of silk fibroins (SF) into different forms such as gels, films, foams, membranes, scaffolds, and nanofibers makes it appealing in a variety of applications that require mechanically superior, biocompatible, biodegradable, and functionalizable biomaterials. There is no doubt that nature is the world's best biological engineer, with simple, exquisite but powerful designs that have inspired novel technologies. By understanding the surface interaction of silk materials with living cells, unique characteristics can be implemented through structural modifications, such as controllable wettability, high-strength adhesiveness, and reflectivity properties, suggesting its potential suitability for surgical, optical, and other biomedical applications. All of the interesting features of SF, such as tunable biodegradation, anti-bacterial properties, and mechanical properties combined with potential self-healing modifications, make it ideal for future tissue engineering applications. In this review, we first demonstrate the current understanding of the structures and mechanical properties of SF and the various functionalizations of SF matrices through chemical and physical manipulations. Then the diverse applications of SF architectures and scaffolds for different regenerative medicine will be discussed in detail, including their current applications in bone, eye, nerve, skin, tendon, ligament, and cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dave Jao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Xiaoyang Mou
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA.
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28
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Miranda-Nieves D, Chaikof EL. Collagen and Elastin Biomaterials for the Fabrication of Engineered Living Tissues. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:694-711. [PMID: 33440491 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Collagen and elastin represent the two most predominant proteins in the body and are responsible for modulating important biological and mechanical properties. Thus, the focus of this review is the use of collagen and elastin as biomaterials for the fabrication of living tissues. Considering the importance of both biomaterials, we first propose the notion that many tissues in the human body represent a reinforced composite of collagen and elastin. In the rest of the review, collagen and elastin biosynthesis and biophysics, as well as molecular sources and biomaterial fabrication methodologies, including casting, fiber spinning, and bioprinting, are discussed. Finally, we summarize the current attempts to fabricate a subset of living tissues and, based on biochemical and biomechanical considerations, suggest that future tissue-engineering efforts consider direct incorporation of collagen and elastin biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Miranda-Nieves
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Elliot L Chaikof
- Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States.,Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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29
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Aghaei-Ghareh-Bolagh B, Mithieux SM, Weiss AS. Elastic proteins and elastomeric protein alloys. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2016; 39:56-60. [PMID: 26780495 PMCID: PMC4899202 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2015.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The elastomeric proteins elastin and resilin have been used extensively in the fabrication of biomaterials for tissue engineering applications due to their unique mechanical and biological properties. Tropoelastin is the soluble monomer component of elastin. Tropoelastin and resilin are both highly elastic with high resilience, substantial extensibility, high durability and low energy loss, which makes them excellent candidates for the fabrication of elastic tissues that demand regular and repetitive movement like the skin, lung, blood vessels, muscles and vocal folds. Combinations of these proteins with silk fibroin further enhance their biomechanical and biological properties leading to a new class of protein alloy materials with versatile properties. In this review, the properties of tropoelastin-based and resilin-based biomaterials with and without silk are described in concert with examples of their applications in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Aghaei-Ghareh-Bolagh
- Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Mithieux
- Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Anthony S Weiss
- Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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30
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Hardy JG, Khaing ZZ, Xin S, Tien LW, Ghezzi CE, Mouser DJ, Sukhavasi RC, Preda RC, Gil ES, Kaplan DL, Schmidt CE. Into the groove: instructive silk-polypyrrole films with topographical guidance cues direct DRG neurite outgrowth. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2015; 26:1327-42. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2015.1090181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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