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Pumford EA, Jackson Hoffman BA, Kasko AM. Nontoxic Initiator Alternatives to TEMED for Redox Hydrogel Polymerization. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2264-2271. [PMID: 38486460 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Polymeric hydrogels are versatile biomaterials, offering unique advantages in tunability and biocompatibility that make them well-suited to a range of applications. Cross-linking, a fundamental step in hydrogel fabrication, is often initiated using a toxic redox system, ammonium persulfate (APS), and tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED), which hinders hydrogel utility in direct contact with cells (e.g., wound dressings). To overcome this limitation, we developed alternative redox gelation systems that serve as nontoxic replacements for TEMED. The alternate initiators were either synthetic or bioinspired amine-containing polymers, Glycofect and polyethylenimine (PEI). Used with APS, these initiator candidates produced hydrogels with short gelation time and comparable moduli to TEMED-based gels and underwent further mechanical testing and biocompatibility characterization. While achieving mechanical properties similar to those of the control, the gels based on Glycofect and PEI outperformed TEMED-based gels in two cell viability studies, with Glycofect-initiated gels displaying significantly higher cytocompatibility. Taken together, these results indicate that Glycofect may serve as a drop-in replacement for TEMED to fabricate hydrogels with improved biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Pumford
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Brooke A Jackson Hoffman
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Andrea M Kasko
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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2
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Jia X, Fan X, Chen C, Lu Q, Zhou H, Zhao Y, Wang X, Han S, Ouyang L, Yan H, Dai H, Geng H. Chemical and Structural Engineering of Gelatin-Based Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Applications: A Review. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:564-589. [PMID: 38174643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
As a biodegradable and biocompatible protein derived from collagen, gelatin has been extensively exploited as a fundamental component of biological scaffolds and drug delivery systems for precise medicine. The easily engineered gelatin holds great promise in formulating various delivery systems to protect and enhance the efficacy of drugs for improving the safety and effectiveness of numerous pharmaceuticals. The remarkable biocompatibility and adjustable mechanical properties of gelatin permit the construction of active 3D scaffolds to accelerate the regeneration of injured tissues and organs. In this Review, we delve into diverse strategies for fabricating and functionalizing gelatin-based structures, which are applicable to gene and drug delivery as well as tissue engineering. We emphasized the advantages of various gelatin derivatives, including methacryloyl gelatin, polyethylene glycol-modified gelatin, thiolated gelatin, and alendronate-modified gelatin. These derivatives exhibit excellent physicochemical and biological properties, allowing the fabrication of tailor-made structures for biomedical applications. Additionally, we explored the latest developments in the modulation of their physicochemical properties by combining additive materials and manufacturing platforms, outlining the design of multifunctional gelatin-based micro-, nano-, and macrostructures. While discussing the current limitations, we also addressed the challenges that need to be overcome for clinical translation, including high manufacturing costs, limited application scenarios, and potential immunogenicity. This Review provides insight into how the structural and chemical engineering of gelatin can be leveraged to pave the way for significant advancements in biomedical applications and the improvement of patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Jia
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Xin Fan
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518075, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Qianyun Lu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Hongfeng Zhou
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518075, China
| | - Yanming Zhao
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518075, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Sanyang Han
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518075, China
| | - Liliang Ouyang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongji Yan
- Department of Medical Cell Biology (MCB), Uppsala University (UU), 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hongliang Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Hongya Geng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518075, China
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3
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Anjum S, Arya DK, Saeed M, Ali D, Athar MS, Yulin W, Alarifi S, Wu X, Rajinikanth P, Ao Q. Multifunctional electrospun nanofibrous scaffold enriched with alendronate and hydroxyapatite for balancing osteogenic and osteoclast activity to promote bone regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1302594. [PMID: 38026845 PMCID: PMC10665524 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1302594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospun composite nanofiber scaffolds are well known for their bone and tissue regeneration applications. This research is focused on the development of PVP and PVA nanofiber composite scaffolds enriched with hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles and alendronate (ALN) using the electrospinning technique. The developed nanofiber scaffolds were investigated for their physicochemical as well as bone regeneration potential. The results obtained from particle size, zeta potential, SEM and EDX analysis of HA nanoparticles confirmed their successful fabrication. Further, SEM analysis verified nanofiber's diameters within 200-250 nm, while EDX analysis confirmed the successful incorporation of HA and ALN into the scaffolds. XRD and TGA analysis revealed the amorphous and thermally stable nature of the nanofiber composite scaffolds. Contact angle, FTIR analysis, Swelling and biodegradability studies revealed the hydrophilicity, chemical compatibility, suitable water uptake capacity and increased in-vitro degradation making it appropriate for tissue regeneration. The addition of HA into nanofiber scaffolds enhanced the physiochemical properties. Additionally, hemolysis cell viability, cell adhesion and proliferation by SEM as well as confocal microscopy and live/dead assay results demonstrated the non-toxic and biocompatibility behavior of nanofiber scaffolds. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) assays demonstrated osteoblast promotion and osteoclast inhibition, respectively. These findings suggest that developed HA and ALN-loaded PVP/PVA-ALN-HA nanofiber composite scaffolds hold significant promise for bone regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Anjum
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dilip Kumar Arya
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Mohammad Saeed
- Department of Pharmacology, Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Daoud Ali
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Wang Yulin
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Saud Alarifi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xixi Wu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - P.S. Rajinikanth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
| | - Qiang Ao
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Quality Research and Control of Tissue Regenerative Biomaterial, Institute of Regulatory Science for Medical Device, National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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4
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Chen Y, Chen Y, Han T, Xie Z, Yang Y, Chen S, Wang C. Enhanced osteogenic and antibacterial properties of polyetheretherketone by ultraviolet-initiated grafting polymerization of a gelatin methacryloyl/epsilon-poly-L-lysine/laponite hydrogel coating. J Biomed Mater Res A 2023; 111:1808-1821. [PMID: 37548424 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a promising material for use in orthopedic implants, but its bio-inert character and lack of antibacterial activity limit its applications in bone repair. In the present study, considering the advantages of PEEK in self-initiated graft polymerization and of hydrogels in bone tissue engineering, we constructed a hydrogel coating (GPL) consisting of Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), methacrylamide-modified ε-poly-l-lysine (ε-PLMA) and Laponite on PEEK through UV-initiated crosslinking. The coating improved the hydrophilicity of PEEK, and the coating degraded slowly so that approximately 80% was retained after incubation in PBS for 8 weeks. In vitro studies revealed that as compared to culturing on PEEK, culturing on PEEK-GPL led to enhanced viability and adhesion of cultured human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJ-MSCs). Due to the synergistic effect of the micron-scale three-dimensional surface and Laponite, PEEK-GPL exhibited a significantly improved induction of osteogenic differentiation of hWJ-MSCs compared to PEEK, as demonstrated by increased alkaline phosphatase activity, matrix mineralization, and expression of osteogenesis-related genes. Furthermore, PEEK-GPL showed antibacterial activity upon contact with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and this activity would be maintained before complete degradation of the hydrogel because the ε-PLMA was cross-linked covalently into the coating. Thus, PEEK-GPL achieved both osteogenesis and infection prevention in a single simple step, providing a feasible approach for the extensive use of PEEK in bone implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiyi Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianlei Han
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhe Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuchen Yang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing, China
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Kaur S, Balakrishnan B, Mallia MB, Keshari R, Hassan PA, Banerjee R. Technetium-99m labeled core shell hyaluronate nanoparticles as tumor responsive, metastatic skeletal lesion targeted combinatorial theranostics. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 312:120840. [PMID: 37059565 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.120840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Achieving target specific delivery of chemotherapeutics in metastatic skeletal lesions remains a major challenge. Towards this, a dual drug loaded, radiolabeled multi-trigger responsive nanoparticles having partially oxidized hyaluronate (HADA) conjugated to alendronate shell and palmitic acid core were developed. While the hydrophobic drug, celecoxib was encapsulated in the palmitic acid core, the hydrophilic drug, doxorubicin hydrochloride was linked to the shell via a pH responsive imine linkage. Hydroxyapatite binding studies showed affinity of alendronate conjugated HADA nanoparticles to bones. Enhanced cellular uptake of the nanoparticles was achieved via HADA-CD44 receptor binding. HADA nanoparticles demonstrated trigger responsive release of encapsulated drugs in the presence of hyaluronidase, pH and glucose, present in excess in the tumor microenvironment. Efficacy of the nanoparticles for combination chemotherapy was established by >10-fold reduction in IC50 of drug loaded particles with a combination index of 0.453, as compared to free drugs in MDA-MB-231 cells. The nanoparticles could be radiolabeled with the gamma emitting radioisotope technetium-99m (99mTc) through a simple, 'chelator free', procedure with excellent radiochemical purity (RCP) (>90 %) and in vitro stability. 99mTc-labeled drug loaded nanoparticles reported herein constitutes a promising theranostic agent to target metastatic bone lesions. STATEMENT OF HYPOTHESES: Technetium-99m labeled, alendronate conjugated, dual targeting, tumor responsive, hyaluronate nanoparticle for tumor specific drug release and enhanced therapeutic effect, with real-time in vivo monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahdeep Kaur
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Biji Balakrishnan
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Nanotherapeutics & Biosensor Section, Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India.
| | - Madhava B Mallia
- Radiopharmaceutical Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Roshan Keshari
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - P A Hassan
- Nanotherapeutics & Biosensor Section, Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Rinti Banerjee
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Biosciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
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6
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Kim HS, Jang J, Oh JS, Lee EJ, Han CM, Shin US. Injectable remodeling hydrogels derived from alendronate-tethered alginate calcium complex for enhanced osteogenesis. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120473. [PMID: 36657863 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A combination of hydrogel materials, and therapeutic agents have been actively reported to facilitate bone defect healing. However, conventionally hydrogels using cross-linker would result in low stability of the hydrogel itself, loss of agents during cross-linking, and complexity of use. In this study, alendronate was tethered to an AlA to improve its bone healing and drug-loading stability. AlA was further functionalized with Ca2+ (AlACa). A mixture of AlACa and alginate formed AlAA hydrogel. The gelation time of AlAA was sufficient for injecting into the defect site. The hydrogel stiffness was controlled, while the stress-relaxation time was fixed. In vitro cell tests demonstrated that the AlAA promoted proliferation and differentiation behaviors. In particular, AlAA showed the best mechanical stiffness with appropriate stress-relaxation and cellular behavior, indicating that it would be beneficial as a scaffold in the bone tissue engineering field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sem Kim
- Department of Nano-biomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - JunHwee Jang
- Department of Nano-biomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Sung Oh
- Department of Nano-biomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Lee
- Department of Nano-biomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol-Min Han
- Department of Carbon and Nano Materials Engineering, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ueon Sang Shin
- Department of Nano-biomedical Science & BK21 FOUR NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Tassinari R, Olivi E, Cavallini C, Taglioli V, Zannini C, Marcuzzi M, Fedchenko O, Ventura C. Mechanobiology: A landscape for reinterpreting stem cell heterogeneity and regenerative potential in diseased tissues. iScience 2022; 26:105875. [PMID: 36647385 PMCID: PMC9839966 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces play a fundamental role in cellular dynamics from the molecular level to the establishment of complex heterogeneity in somatic and stem cells. Here, we highlight the role of cytoskeletal mechanics and extracellular matrix in generating mechanical forces merging into oscillatory synchronized patterns. We discuss how cellular mechanosensing/-transduction can be modulated by mechanical forces to control tissue metabolism and set the basis for nonpharmacologic tissue rescue. Control of bone anabolic activity and repair, as well as obesity prevention, through a fine-tuning of the stem cell morphodynamics are highlighted. We also discuss the use of mechanical forces in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and heart failure through the fine modulation of stem cell metabolic activity and regenerative potential. We finally focus on the new landscape of delivering specific mechanical stimuli to reprogram tissue-resident stem cells and enhance our self-healing potential, without the need for stem cell or tissue transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Olivi
- ELDOR LAB, via Corticella 183, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Martina Marcuzzi
- NIBB, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, via Corticella 183, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Oleksandra Fedchenko
- NIBB, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, via Corticella 183, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Ventura
- ELDOR LAB, via Corticella 183, 40129 Bologna, Italy,NIBB, National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, National Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Stem Cell Engineering, via Corticella 183, 40129 Bologna, Italy,Corresponding author
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8
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Ahmadi A, Mazloomnejad R, Kasravi M, Gholamine B, Bahrami S, Sarzaeem MM, Niknejad H. Recent advances on small molecules in osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and the underlying signaling pathways. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:518. [PMID: 36371202 PMCID: PMC9652959 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03204-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-related diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality in elderly people and the current treatments result in insufficient healing and several complications. One of the promising areas of research for healing bone fractures and skeletal defects is regenerative medicine using stem cells. Differentiating stem cells using agents that shift cell development towards the preferred lineage requires activation of certain intracellular signaling pathways, many of which are known to induce osteogenesis during embryological stages. Imitating embryological bone formation through activation of these signaling pathways has been the focus of many osteogenic studies. Activation of osteogenic signaling can be done by using small molecules. Several of these agents, e.g., statins, metformin, adenosine, and dexamethasone have other clinical uses but have also shown osteogenic capacities. On the other hand, some other molecules such as T63 and tetrahydroquinolines are not as well recognized in the clinic. Osteogenic small molecules exert their effects through the activation of signaling pathways known to be related to osteogenesis. These pathways include more well-known pathways including BMP/Smad, Wnt, and Hedgehog as well as ancillary pathways including estrogen signaling and neuropeptide signaling. In this paper, we review the recent data on small molecule-mediated osteogenic differentiation, possible adjunctive agents with these molecules, and the signaling pathways through which each small molecule exerts its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Radman Mazloomnejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Kasravi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Gholamine
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheyl Bahrami
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in AUVA Research Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Sarzaeem
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Niknejad
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 1985711151, Tehran, Iran.
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9
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Zihna G, Topuz B, Günal G, Aydin HM. Preparation of hybrid meniscal constructs using hydrogels and acellular matrices. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE, POLYMER EDITION 2022; 34:587-611. [PMID: 36219154 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2022.2135078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To search for a suitable meniscus repair material, acellular hybrid scaffolds consisting of in situ cross-linkable 3-D interpenetrating network structures were obtained by decellularization of the meniscus tissues followed by integration of the gel system. Decellularization efficiency was confirmed using a DNA quantification assay (82% decrease in DNA content) and histological stainings. In the second part of the study, the gelatin molecule was functionalized by adding methacrylic anhydride and the degree of functionalization was found to be 75% by (Proton-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) 1H-NMR. Using this, a series of hybrid constructs named GelMA-Hybrid (G-Hybrid), GELMA/PEGDMA-Hybrid (PG-Hybrid), and GelMA/PEGDMA/HAMA-Hybrid (PGH-Hybrid) were prepared by cross-linking with UVA. Changes in the chemical structure were determined with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR). Water uptake capacities of cross-linked hybrid structures were measured in swelling studies, and it was found that hybrid scaffolds showed similar swelling properties compared to native counterparts. By compressive mechanical tests, enhanced mechanical properties were revealed in cross-linked scaffolds with PGH-Hybrid having the highest cross-link density. Protein denaturation and decomposition transition temperatures were improved by adding hydrogels to acellular scaffolds according to thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA). Cross-linked acellular scaffolds have exhibited a behavior close to native tissues with below 25% mass loss in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and enzymatic solution. Cell viability was examined through Alamar Blue on the first day and cell viability in hybrid constructs was found to be above 80% while it was closer to the control group on the 7th day. It was concluded that the developed biomaterials could be used in meniscus tissue engineering with their tunable physicochemical and mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Zihna
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bengisu Topuz
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülçin Günal
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Halil Murat Aydin
- Bioengineering Division, Institute of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Centre for Bioengineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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10
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Kocak FZ, Yar M, Rehman IU. Hydroxyapatite-Integrated, Heparin- and Glycerol-Functionalized Chitosan-Based Injectable Hydrogels with Improved Mechanical and Proangiogenic Performance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105370. [PMID: 35628172 PMCID: PMC9140455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The investigation of natural bioactive injectable composites to induce angiogenesis during bone regeneration has been a part of recent minimally invasive regenerative medicine strategies. Our previous study involved the development of in situ-forming injectable composite hydrogels (Chitosan/Hydroxyapatite/Heparin) for bone regeneration. These hydrogels offered facile rheology, injectability, and gelation at 37 °C, as well as promising pro-angiogenic abilities. In the current study, these hydrogels were modified using glycerol as an additive and a pre-sterile production strategy to enhance their mechanical strength. These modifications allowed a further pH increment during neutralisation with maintained solution homogeneity. The synergetic effect of the pH increment and further hydrogen bonding due to the added glycerol improved the strength of the hydrogels substantially. SEM analyses showed highly cross-linked hydrogels (from high-pH solutions) with a hierarchical interlocking pore morphology. Hydrogel solutions showed more elastic flow properties and incipient gelation times decreased to just 2 to 3 min at 37 °C. Toluidine blue assay and SEM analyses showed that heparin formed a coating at the top layer of the hydrogels which contributed anionic bioactive surface features. The chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay confirmed significant enhancement of angiogenesis with chitosan-matrixed hydrogels comprising hydroxyapatite and small quantities of heparin (33 µg/mL) compared to basic chitosan hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Z. Kocak
- Engineering-Architecture Faculty, Metallurgy and Material Engineering, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir 50300, Turkey;
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Muhammad Yar
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre in Biomedical Materials (IRCBM), COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Ihtesham U. Rehman
- Engineering-Architecture Faculty, Metallurgy and Material Engineering, Nevsehir Haci Bektas Veli University, Nevsehir 50300, Turkey;
- Correspondence:
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11
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Shi W, Zhang X, Bian L, Dai Y, Wang Z, Zhou Y, Yu S, Zhang Z, Zhao P, Tang H, Wang Q, Lu X. Alendronate crosslinked chitosan/polycaprolactone scaffold for bone defects repairing. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:441-456. [PMID: 35151707 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Here, we evaluated osteogenic differentiation in vitro and new bone formation in vivo using an alendronate-loaded chitosan/polycaprolactone scaffold (CS/PCL) in rats with a critical-sized calvarial defect. Through the action of genipin, which has a crosslinking function, alendronate (AL) was anchored throughout the CS/PCL composite scaffold (CS/PCL@AL) to form an AL sustained release system. We demonstrated that CS/PCL@AL scaffolds significantly enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of ectomesenchymal stem cells (EMSCs) in vitro. Additionally, we explored the possible molecular mechanism of CS/PCL@AL scaffolds in the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs. This composite scaffold exerted two positive effects on EMSC osteogenic differentiation: 1) the CS/PCL@AL scaffold enhanced EMSC osteogenic differentiation by upregulating bone morphogenetic protein 2, interleukin 10 and laminin expression; and 2) the CS/PCL@AL scaffold promoted the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs by activating the yes-associated protein (YAP) signaling pathway. YAP and its downstream target transglutaminase are crucial mediators in the osteogenic differentiation of EMSCs. Finally, micro-computed tomography analyses and histology results suggested that the CS/PCL@AL scaffold exhibited a superior capacity to accelerate new and mature bone formation in skull bone defects in Sprague-Dawley rats. This simple and low-cost technology may represent a promising strategy to construct an efficient delivery system to repair bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Shi
- Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Lu Bian
- Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Yao Dai
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, PR China
| | - Yanjun Zhou
- Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Shuang Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Knitting Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212001, PR China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Hong Tang
- Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Qing Wang
- Affiliated Wuxi Second Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Affiliated Wuxi Clinical Medicine, Nantong University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- Jiangnan University Affiliated Hospital, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Jiangnan University Brain Institute, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
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12
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Wei Q, Wang S, Han F, Wang H, Zhang W, Yu Q, Liu C, Ding L, Wang J, Yu L, Zhu C, Li B, Bl, Cz, Cz, Cz, Qw, Sw, Fh, Hw, Wz, Qy, Cl, Ld, Jw, Ly, Cz, Qw. Cellular modulation by the mechanical cues from biomaterials for tissue engineering. BIOMATERIALS TRANSLATIONAL 2021; 2:323-342. [PMID: 35837415 PMCID: PMC9255801 DOI: 10.12336/biomatertransl.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical cues from the extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment are known to be significant in modulating the fate of stem cells to guide developmental processes and maintain bodily homeostasis. Tissue engineering has provided a promising approach to the repair or regeneration of damaged tissues. Scaffolds are fundamental in cell-based regenerative therapies. Developing artificial ECM that mimics the mechanical properties of native ECM would greatly help to guide cell functions and thus promote tissue regeneration. In this review, we introduce various mechanical cues provided by the ECM including elasticity, viscoelasticity, topography, and external stimuli, and their effects on cell behaviours. Meanwhile, we discuss the underlying principles and strategies to develop natural or synthetic biomaterials with different mechanical properties for cellular modulation, and explore the mechanism by which the mechanical cues from biomaterials regulate cell function toward tissue regeneration. We also discuss the challenges in multimodal mechanical modulation of cell behaviours and the interplay between mechanical cues and other microenvironmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wei
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shenghao Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weidong Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qifan Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Changjiang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Luguang Ding
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lili Yu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Caihong Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,Corresponding authors: Caihong Zhu, ; Bin Li,
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Orthopaedic Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China,China Orthopaedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China,Corresponding authors: Caihong Zhu, ; Bin Li,
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13
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Gilarska A, Hinz A, Bzowska M, Dyduch G, Kamiński K, Nowakowska M, Lewandowska-Łańcucka J. Addressing the Osteoporosis Problem-Multifunctional Injectable Hybrid Materials for Controlling Local Bone Tissue Remodeling. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:49762-49779. [PMID: 34643364 PMCID: PMC8554765 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c17472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Novel multifunctional biomimetic injectable hybrid systems were synthesized. The physicochemical as well as biological in vitro and in vivo tests demonstrated that they are promising candidates for bone tissue regeneration. The hybrids are composed of a biopolymeric collagen/chitosan/hyaluronic acid matrix and amine group-functionalized silica particles decorated with apatite to which the alendronate molecules were coordinated. The components of these systems were integrated and stabilized by cross-linking with genipin, a compound of natural origin. They can be precisely injected into the diseased tissue in the form of a viscous sol or a partially cross-linked hydrogel, where they can serve as scaffolds for locally controlled bone tissue regeneration/remodeling by supporting the osteoblast formation/proliferation and maintaining the optimal osteoclast level. These materials lack systemic toxicity. They can be particularly useful for the repair of small osteoporotic bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Gilarska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
- Faculty
of Physics and Applied Computer Science, AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Hinz
- Department
of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Bzowska
- Department
of Cell Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Dyduch
- Department
of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University
Medical College, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Maria Nowakowska
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
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14
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Shen Z, Cao Y, Li M, Yan Y, Cheng R, Zhao Y, Shao Q, Wang J, Sang S. Construction of tissue-engineered skin with rete ridges using co-network hydrogels of gelatin methacrylated and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112360. [PMID: 34579879 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-engineered skin, as a promising skin substitute, can be used for in vitro skin research and skin repair. However, most of research on tissue-engineered skin tend to ignore the rete ridges (RRs) microstructure, which enhances the adhesion between dermis and epidermis and provides a growth environment for epidermal stem cells. Here, we prepared and characterized photocurable gelatin methacrylated (GelMA) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) co-network hydrogels with different concentrations. Using a UV curing 3D printer, resin molds were designed and fabricated to create three-dimensional micropatterns and replicated onto GelMA-PEGDA scaffolds. Human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) and human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) were co-cultured on the hydrogel scaffold to prepare tissue-engineered skin. The results showed that 10%GelMA-2%PEGDA hydrogel provides the sufficient mechanical properties and biocompatibility to prepare a human skin model with RRs microstructure, that is, it presents excellent structural support, suitable degradation rate, good bioactivity and is suitable for long-term culturing. Digital microscope image analyses showed the micropattern was well-transferred onto the scaffold surface. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the formation of the epidermal layer with undulating microstructure. In wound healing experiments, hydrogel can significantly accelerate wound healing. This study provides a simple and powerful way to mimic the structures of human skin and can make a contribution to skin tissue engineering and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Shen
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yanyan Cao
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China; College of Information Science and Engineering, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Meng Li
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yayun Yan
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Rong Cheng
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Quan Shao
- General Hospital of TISCO, North Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan 030024, China
| | - Jianming Wang
- General Hospital of TISCO, North Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan 030024, China.
| | - Shengbo Sang
- MicroNano System Research Center, Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information and Computer, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China.
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15
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Sung TC, Lu MW, Tian Z, Lee HHC, Pan J, Ling QD, Higuchi A. Poly(vinyl alcohol- co-itaconic acid) hydrogels grafted with several designed peptides for human pluripotent stem cell culture and differentiation into cardiomyocytes. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:7662-7673. [PMID: 34586153 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01555a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed poly(vinyl alcohol-co-itaconic acid) (PV) hydrogels grafted with laminin-derived peptides that had different joint segments and several specific designs, including dual chain motifs. PV hydrogels grafted with a peptide derived from laminin-β4 (PMQKMRGDVFSP) containing a joint segment, dual chain motif and cationic amino acid insertion could attach human pluripotent stem (hPS) cells and promoted high expansion folds in long-term culture (over 10 passages) with low differentiation rates, whereas hPS cells attached poorly on PV hydrogels grafted with laminin-α5 peptides that had joint segments with and without a cationic amino acid or on PV hydrogels grafted with laminin-β4 peptides containing the joint segment only. The inclusion of a cationic amino acid in the laminin-β4 peptide was critical for hPS cell attachment on PV hydrogels, which contributed to the zeta potential shifting to higher values (3-4 mV enhancement). The novel peptide segment-grafted PV hydrogels developed in this study supported hPS cell proliferation, which induced better hPS cell expansion than recombinant vitronectin-coated dishes (gold standard of hPS cell culture dishes) in xeno-free culture conditions. After long-term culture on peptide-grafted hydrogels, hPS cells could be induced to differentiate into specific lineages of cells, such as cardiomyocytes, with high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Cheng Sung
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Ming-Wei Lu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.
| | - Zeyu Tian
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Henry Hsin-Chung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Hsinchu Cathay General Hospital, No. 678, Sec 2, Zhonghua Rd., Hsinchu, 30060, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Translational and Interdisciplinary Medicine, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Jiandong Pan
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.
| | - Qing-Dong Ling
- Cathay Medical Research Institute, Cathay General Hospital, No. 32, Ln 160, Jian-Cheng Road, Hsi-Chi City, Taipei 221, Taiwan
| | - Akon Higuchi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Central University, No. 300, Jhongda RD., Jhongli, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. .,R&D Center for Membrane Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chungli, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan.,Nano Medical Engineering Laboratory, Riken Cluster for Pioneering Research, Riken, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Reproduction, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
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16
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Wang L, Zheng F, Song R, Zhuang L, Yang M, Suo J, Li L. Integrins in the Regulation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Differentiation by Mechanical Signals. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 18:126-141. [PMID: 34536203 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can sense and convert mechanical stimuli signals into a chemical response. Integrins are involved in the mechanotransduction from inside to outside and from outside to inside, and ultimately affect the fate of MSCs responding to different mechanical signals. Different integrins participate in different signaling pathways to regulate MSCs multi-differentiation. In this review, we summarize the latest advances in the effects of mechanical signals on the differentiation of MSCs, the importance of integrins in mechanotransduction, the relationship between integrin heterodimers and different mechanical signals, and the interaction among mechanical signals. We put forward our views on the prospect and challenges of developing mechanical biology in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jilin University First Hospital, Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuwen Zheng
- Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixue Song
- Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Lequan Zhuang
- Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jian Suo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jilin University First Hospital, Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lisha Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, 130021, Changchun, People's Republic of China.
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17
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El-Rashidy AA, El Moshy S, Radwan IA, Rady D, Abbass MMS, Dörfer CE, Fawzy El-Sayed KM. Effect of Polymeric Matrix Stiffness on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: Concise Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2950. [PMID: 34502988 PMCID: PMC8434088 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) have a multi-differentiation potential into specialized cell types, with remarkable regenerative and therapeutic results. Several factors could trigger the differentiation of MSCs into specific lineages, among them the biophysical and chemical characteristics of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including its stiffness, composition, topography, and mechanical properties. MSCs can sense and assess the stiffness of extracellular substrates through the process of mechanotransduction. Through this process, the extracellular matrix can govern and direct MSCs' lineage commitment through complex intracellular pathways. Hence, various biomimetic natural and synthetic polymeric matrices of tunable stiffness were developed and further investigated to mimic the MSCs' native tissues. Customizing scaffold materials to mimic cells' natural environment is of utmost importance during the process of tissue engineering. This review aims to highlight the regulatory role of matrix stiffness in directing the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, addressing how MSCs sense and respond to their ECM, in addition to listing different polymeric biomaterials and methods used to alter their stiffness to dictate MSCs' differentiation towards the osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiah A. El-Rashidy
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Dina Rady
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. S. Abbass
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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18
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Zhao Z, Li G, Ruan H, Chen K, Cai Z, Lu G, Li R, Deng L, Cai M, Cui W. Capturing Magnesium Ions via Microfluidic Hydrogel Microspheres for Promoting Cancellous Bone Regeneration. ACS NANO 2021; 15:13041-13054. [PMID: 34342981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions are important trace elements in the human body, which directly affect the human metabolism and the regeneration of damaged tissues. For instance, the advanced combination of magnesium ions (Mg2+) and bone repair materials make the composite materials have the function of promoting vascular repair and enhancing the adhesion of osteoblasts. Herein, inspired by magnets to attract metals, we utilized the coordination reaction of metal ion ligand to construct a bisphosphonate-functionalized injectable hydrogel microsphere (GelMA-BP-Mg) which could promote cancellous bone reconstruction of osteoporotic bone defect via capturing Mg2+. By grafting bisphosphonate (BP) on GelMA microspheres, GelMA-BP microspheres could produce powerful Mg2+ capture ability and sustained release performance through coordination reaction, while sustained release BP has bone-targeting properties. In the injectable GelMA-BP-Mg microsphere system, the atomic percentage of captured Mg2+ was 0.6%, and the captured Mg2+ could be effectively released for 18 days. These proved that the composite microspheres could effectively capture Mg2+ and provided the basis for the composite microspheres to activate osteoblasts and endothelial cells and inhibit osteoclasts. Both in vivo and in vitro experimental results revealed that the magnet-inspired Mg2+-capturing composite microspheres are beneficial to osteogenesis and angiogenesis by stimulating osteoblasts and endothelial cells while restraining osteoclasts, and ultimately effectively promote cancellous bone regeneration. This study could provide some meaningful conceptions for the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects on the basis of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No.301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Huitong Ruan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyi Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No.301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengwei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No.301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Runmin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No.301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, No.301 Middle Yanchang Road, Shanghai 200072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin Second Road, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China
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19
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Feng X, Zhou T, Xu P, Ye J, Gou Z, Gao C. Enhanced regeneration of osteochondral defects by using an aggrecanase-1 responsively degradable and N-cadherin mimetic peptide-conjugated hydrogel loaded with BMSCs. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2212-2226. [PMID: 32119015 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00068j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Due to the poor self-repair capabilities of articular cartilage, chondral or osteochondral injuries are difficult to be recovered. In this study, an N-cadherin mimetic peptide sequence HAVDIGGGC (HAV) was conjugated to direct cell-cell interactions, and an aggrecanase-1 cleavable peptide sequence CRDTEGE-ARGSVIDRC (ACpep) was used to crosslink hyperbranched PEG-based multi-acrylate polymer (HBPEG) with cysteamine-modified chondroitin sulfate (Cys-CS), obtaining an aggrecanase-1 responsively degradable and HAV-conjugated hydrogel ((HAV-HBPEG)-CS-ACpep). A HBPEG-CS-ACpep hydrogel without the HAV motif was also prepared. The two hydrogels exhibited similar equilibrium swelling ratios, elastic moduli and pore sizes after lyophilization, indicating the negligible influence of conjugated HAV on the crosslinking networks and mechanical properties of the hydrogels. After being degraded in PBS, aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS4) and trypsin, the HBPEG-CS-ACpep hydrogel exhibited significantly decreased elastic moduli with a much lower value when incubated in enzyme solutions. The two hydrogels could maintain the viability of encapsulated bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and the (HAV-HBPEG)-CS-ACpep hydrogel better promoted the cell-cell interactions. After being implanted into osteochondral defects in rabbits for 18 weeks, the two cell-laden hydrogel groups achieved better repair effects than the blank control group. Moreover, hyaline cartilage was formed in the (HAV-HBPEG)-CS-ACpep/BMSCs hydrogel group, while a hybrid of hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage was found in the HBPEG-CS-ACpep/BMSCs hydrogel group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China.
| | - Tong Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China.
| | - Peifang Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Juan Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Zhongru Gou
- Bio-nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division, Zhejiang-California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China.
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20
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Zeng Y, Zhou M, Chen L, Fang H, Liu S, Zhou C, Sun J, Wang Z. Alendronate loaded graphene oxide functionalized collagen sponge for the dual effects of osteogenesis and anti-osteoclastogenesis in osteoporotic rats. Bioact Mater 2020; 5:859-870. [PMID: 32637749 PMCID: PMC7327758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene Oxide (GO)-related hydrogels have been extensively studied in hard tissue repair, because GO can not only enhance the mechanical properties of polymers but also promote osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. However, simple GO-related hydrogels are not ideal for the repair of osteoporotic bone defects as the overactive osteoclasts in osteoporosis. Alendronate (Aln) is known to inhibit osteoclasts and may bind to GO through covalent connection. Therefore, delivering Aln in GO-related hydrogels may be effective to repair osteoporotic bone defects. Here, we developed a control-released system which is constructed by collagen (Col)-GO sponges loaded with Aln (Col-GO-Aln) for osteoporotic bone defect repair. In vitro, Col-GO-Aln sponges prolonged the release period of Aln, and the sponge containing 0.05% (w/v) GO released Aln faster than sponge with 0.2% GO. Furthermore, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and F-actin staining demonstrated that Col-GO-Aln sponges effectively inhibited osteoclastogenesis of monocyte-macrophages. In vivo, micro-CT scan showed that the volume of newborn bone in defect site by 0.05% GO sponge was nearly three times larger than that of other groups. Moreover, the CT and histological examinations of rat femur proved that Col-GO-Aln sponges decreased the number of osteoclasts and suppressed the systemic bone loss in osteoporotic rats. These findings reveal that the application of GO as carriers of anti-osteoporosis drugs is a viable treatment for osteoporosis. The results also underscore the potential of GO-related hydrogels with Aln-releasing capacity for bone regeneration in osteoporosis. Alendronate-loading graphene oxide modified collagen sponge (Col-GO-Aln) exhibit a sustained drug delivery. Col-GO-Aln sponge showed active anti-osteoclastogenesis and osteogenesis ability in vitro and in situ repair. Col-GO-Aln sponge achieved a potential systemic resistance to bone loss in osteoporotic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zeng
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Muran Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lifeng Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huimin Fang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shaokai Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chuchao Zhou
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jiaming Sun
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Zhenxing Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.,Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Superficial Organ Reconstruction, Wuhan, 430022, China
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21
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Yen MH, Chen YH, Liu YS, Lee OKS. Alteration of Young's modulus in mesenchymal stromal cells during osteogenesis measured by atomic force microscopy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 526:827-832. [PMID: 32273088 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.03.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical properties of biological tissues are increasingly recognized as an important parameter for the indication of disease states as well as tissue homeostasis and regeneration. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which play important roles in bone formation and remodeling, are potential cell sources for regenerative medicine. However, the cellular mechanical properties of differentiating MSCs corresponding to the substrate stiffness has not been sufficiently studied. In this study, we used Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to measure changes of stiffness of human MSCs cultured in rigid Petri dish and on polyacrylamide (PA) substrates during osteogenic differentiation. The results showed that the Young's modulus of MSC cytoplasmic outer region increased over time during osteogenesis. There is a strong linear correlation between the osteogenic induction time and the Young's modulus of the cells cultured in rigid Petri dishes in the first 15 days after the induction; the Young's modulus approaches to a plateau after day 15. On the other hand, the Young's moduli of MSCs cultured on PA gels with stiffness of 7 kPa and 42 kPa also increase over time during osteogenic differentiation, but the inclination of such increase is much smaller than that of MSCs differentiating in rigid dishes. Herein, we established a protocol of AFM measurement to evaluate the maturation of stem cell osteogenic differentiation at the single cell level and could encourage further AFM applications in tissue engineering related to mechanobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hua Yen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Electronic Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Han Chen
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Shiuan Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, and Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Oscar Kuang-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, and Stem Cell Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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22
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Ding Y, Johnson R, Sharma S, Ding X, Bryant SJ, Tan W. Tethering transforming growth factor β1 to soft hydrogels guides vascular smooth muscle commitment from human mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:68-77. [PMID: 31982589 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold great promise for vascular smooth muscle regeneration. However, most studies have mainly relied on extended supplementation of sophisticated biochemical regimen to drive MSC differentiation towards vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs). Herein we demonstrate a concomitant method that exploits the advantages of biomimetic matrix stiffness and tethered transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) to guide vSMC commitment from human MSCs. Our designed poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels, presenting a biomimetic stiffness and tethered TGF-β1, provide an instructive environment to potently upregulate smooth muscle marker expression in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, it significantly enhances the functional contractility of vSMCs derived from MSCs within 3 days. Interestingly, compared to non-tethered one, tethered TGF-β1 enhanced the potency of vSMC commitment on hydrogels. We provide compelling evidence that combining stiffness and tethered TGF-β1 on poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels can be a promising approach to drastically enhance maturation and function of vSMCs from stem cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: A fast, reliable and safe regeneration of vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs) from stem cell differentiation is promising for vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications, but remains challenging. Herein, a photo-click hydrogel platform is devised to recapitulate the stiffness of vascular tissue and appropriate presentation of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) to guide vSMC commitment from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We demonstrate that such concomitant method drastically enhanced regeneration of mature, functional vSMCs from MSCs in vitro and in vivo within only a 3-days span. This work is not only of fundamental scientific importance, revealing how physiochemical factors and the manner of their presentation direct stem cell differentiation, but also attacks the long-standing difficulty in regenerating highly functional vSMCs within a short period.
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23
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Liu L, Miao Y, Shi X, Gao H, Wang Y. Phosphorylated Chitosan Hydrogels Inducing Osteogenic Differentiation of Osteoblasts via JNK and p38 Signaling Pathways. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:1500-1509. [PMID: 33455392 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorous-containing biopolymers have been applied to expedite the regeneration of damaged bone tissue by stimulating the function of phosphorous groups in natural bones. However, the underlying mechanism of phosphorous-containing biopolymers in promoting osteogenic differentiation is unclarified. Herein, we synthesized phosphorylated chitosan hydrogels by incorporating phosphocreatine into chitosan molecular chains under mild conditions. The introduction of phosphate groups improved properties of protein adsorption and calcium deposition without affecting the morphology of hydrogels. Our results showed that phosphorylated chitosan hydrogels could not only promote alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization but also upregulate the expression of osteogenic-related genes and proteins. Meanwhile, application of c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor SP600125 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor SB203580 repressed the expression of osteogenic-related markers in gene and protein levels. To the best of our knowledge, it is reported for the first time that phosphorous-containing biopolymers promote osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts via JNK and p38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yali Miao
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xuetao Shi
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huichang Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Yingjun Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.,National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering of Guangdong Province, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory, 510005 Guangzhou, P. R. China
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24
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Zhong J, Yang Y, Liao L, Zhang C. Matrix stiffness-regulated cellular functions under different dimensionalities. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:2734-2755. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01809c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The microenvironments that cells encounter with in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments (Sun Yat-sen University)
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yuexiong Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments (Sun Yat-sen University)
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liqiong Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction and Detection in Tissue Engineering
- Biomaterials Research Center
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
| | - Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Sensor Technology and Biomedical Instruments (Sun Yat-sen University)
- School of Biomedical Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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25
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Wan W, Cheng B, Zhang C, Ma Y, Li A, Xu F, Lin M. Synergistic Effect of Matrix Stiffness and Inflammatory Factors on Osteogenic Differentiation of MSC. Biophys J 2019; 117:129-142. [PMID: 31178039 PMCID: PMC6626830 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vivo reside in a complex microenvironment. Changes of both biochemical and biophysical cues in the microenvironment caused by inflammation affect the differentiation behaviors of MSCs. Most studies, however, only focus on either biochemical or biophysical cues, although the synergistic effect of matrix stiffness and inflammatory factors on osteogenic differentiation of MSCs has not been explored yet. Here, we showed that there was a matrix stiffness-dependent modulation in the osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs (hMSCs) with higher matrix stiffness favoring osteogenesis bias. However, when interleukin-1 β (IL-1β) was added, the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs was suppressed, which was independent of increasing matrix stiffness. Both experimental observations and mathematical modeling confirmed that matrix stiffness and IL-1β could activate the ERK1/2 signaling and contribute to osteogenic differentiation. The p38 signaling activated by IL-1β has a strong role in inhibiting osteoblastic differentiation, thus diminishing the vital effect of ERK1/2 signaling. In addition, sensitivity analysis of the model parameters revealed that activation/deactivation dynamics of sensitive factors (e.g., FAK, ERK, and p38) also played a key role in the synergistic effect of matrix stiffness and IL-1β on the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. The outcomes of this study provide new insights into the synergistic effect of biochemical and biophysical microenvironments on regulating MSC differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Wan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Bo Cheng
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Ang Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology
| | - Feng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Min Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China.
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26
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De Paula MMM, Bassous NJ, Afewerki S, Harb SV, Ghannadian P, Marciano FR, Viana BC, Tim CR, Webster TJ, Lobo AO. Understanding the impact of crosslinked PCL/PEG/GelMA electrospun nanofibers on bactericidal activity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209386. [PMID: 30571704 PMCID: PMC6301679 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report the design of electrospun ultrathin fibers based on the combination of three different polymers polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), and their potential bactericidal activity against three different bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa), and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). We evaluated the morphology, chemical structure and wettability before and after UV photocrosslinking of the produced scaffolds. Results showed that the developed scaffolds presented hydrophilic properties after PEG and GelMA incorporation. Moreover, they were able to significantly reduce gram-positive, negative, and MRSA bacteria mainly after UV photocrosslinking (PCL:PEG:GelMa-UV). Furthermore, we performed a series of study for gaining a better mechanistic understanding of the scaffolds bactericidal activity through protein adsorption study and analysis of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Furthermore, the in vivo subcutaneous implantation performed in rats confirmed the biocompatibility of our designed scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian Michelle Machado De Paula
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Nicole Joy Bassous
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Samson Afewerki
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women´s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Samarah Vargas Harb
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute of Chemistry, UNESP-São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paria Ghannadian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Fernanda Roberta Marciano
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Institute of Science and Technology, Brasil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Bartolomeu Cruz Viana
- LIMAV-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, PPGCM-Materials Science and Engineering graduate program, UFPI-Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Physics, UFPI-Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Carla Roberta Tim
- Institute of Science and Technology, Brasil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thomas Jay Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Science and Technology, Brasil University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- LIMAV-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, PPGCM-Materials Science and Engineering graduate program, UFPI-Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, PI, Brazil
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: ,
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27
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Lobo AO, Afewerki S, de Paula MMM, Ghannadian P, Marciano FR, Zhang YS, Webster TJ, Khademhosseini A. Electrospun nanofiber blend with improved mechanical and biological performance. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:7891-7903. [PMID: 30538466 PMCID: PMC6255114 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s175619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Here, electrospun fibers based on a blend of polycaprolactone (PCL), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) were developed. The careful choice of this polymer combination allowed for the preparation of a biomaterial that preserved the mechanical strength of PCL, while at the same time improving the hydrophilicity of the blended material and human osteoblast maturation. Methods The morphology, chemical structure, wettability, and mechanical properties before and after UV photocrosslinking were evaluated. Furthermore, human osteoblasts (hFOB) were cultivated for up to 21 days on the scaffolds, and their potential to upregulate cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium deposition were investigated. Results Contact angle measurement results showed that the developed scaffolds presented hydrophilic properties after PEG and GelMA incorporation before (25°) and after UV photocross-linking (69°) compared to pure PCL (149°). PCL:PEG:GelMA-UV displayed a slight increase in mechanical strength (elastic modulus ~37 MPa) over PCL alone (~33 MPa). Normally, an increase in strength of fibers leads to a decrease in elongation at break, due to the material becoming less deformable and stiffer, thus leading to breaks at low strain. This behavior was observed by comparing PCL (elongation at break ~106%) and PCL:PEG:GelMA-UV (~50%). Moreover, increases in ALP activity (10-fold at day 14) and calcium deposition (1.3-fold at day 21) by hFOBs were detected after PEG and GelMA incorporation after UV photocross-linking compared to pure PCL. Ultrathin and hydrophilic fibers were obtained after PEG and GelMA incorporation after UV photocrosslinking, but the strength of PCL was maintained. Interestingly, those ultrathin fiber characteristics improved hFOB functions. Conclusion These findings appear promising for the use of these electrospun scaffolds, based on the combination of polymers used here for numerous orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Oliveira Lobo
- LIMAV-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, PPGCM-Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program, UFPI-Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, CEP 64049-550, Brazil,.,Institute of Science and Technology, Brasil University, São Paulo, CEP 08230-030, Brazil, .,Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, , .,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
| | - Samson Afewerki
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, , .,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
| | | | - Paria Ghannadian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fernanda Roberta Marciano
- Institute of Science and Technology, Brasil University, São Paulo, CEP 08230-030, Brazil, .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yu Shrike Zhang
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, , .,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, ,
| | - Thomas Jay Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, , .,Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA, , .,Department of Bioengineering, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Bioindustrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
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28
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Chen J, Li X, Zhao X, Wu Q, Zhu H, Mao Z, Gao C. Doxorubicin-conjugated pH-responsive gold nanorods for combined photothermal therapy and chemotherapy of cancer. Bioact Mater 2018; 3:347-354. [PMID: 29992194 PMCID: PMC6035373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer chemotherapy can be hindered by drug resistance which leads to lower drug efficiency. Here, we have developed a drug delivery system that tethers doxorubicin to the surface of gold nanorods via a pH-sensitive linkage (AuNRs@DOX), for a combined photothermal and chemical therapy for cancer. First, AuNRs@DOX is ingested by HepG2 liver cancer cells. After endocytosis, the acidic pH triggers the release of doxorubicin, which leads to chemotherapeutic effects. The gold nanorods are not only carriers of DOX, but also photothermal conversion agents. In the presence of an 808 nm near-infrared laser, AuNRs@DOX significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin via the photothermal effect, which induces elevated apoptosis of hepG2 cancer cells, leading to better therapeutic effects in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- The Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
- Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Xinlian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - QianQian Wu
- The Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Huihui Zhu
- The Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, PR China
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Li X, Zhao X, Pardhi D, Wu Q, Zheng Y, Zhu H, Mao Z. Folic acid modified cell membrane capsules encapsulating doxorubicin and indocyanine green for highly effective combinational therapy in vivo. Acta Biomater 2018; 74:374-384. [PMID: 29734009 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A combination of chemotherapy and phototherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment. To achieve effective combinational therapy of cancer with reduced toxicity, it is highly desirable to improve the targeting of chemotherapeutic and near-infrared photosensitizers to enhance their accumulation in tumor. Here we report a novel tumor targeting cell membrane capsule (CMC), originate from living cells, to load doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and indocyanine green (ICG), for combinational photo-chemotherapy against cancer. As a result, folic acid modified CMC (CMC-FA, with a diameter about 200 nm and a FA density of 0.4 molecule/nm2) showed 3-4 fold higher cell uptake by cancer cells in vitro and 2.3 times higher accumulation in mouse cancer xenografts in vivo than pristine CMC. DOX and ICG with therapeutically significant concentrations can be sequentially encapsulated into CMC-FA by temporary permeating the plasma membranes with high efficiency. The systematic administration of cancer targeting CMC-FA loaded with DOX and ICG could significantly inhibit tumor growth in mouse xenografts in the presence of a near-infrared light at 808 nm, without noticeable toxicity. These findings suggest that cancer targeting CMC may have considerable benefits in drug delivery and combinational cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE A combination of chemotherapy and photothermal/photodynamic therapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. In current study, a novel cancer targeting cell membrane capsule (CMC-FA), originate from living cells and surface modified with folic acid, was developed to load doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) and indocyanine green (ICG), for combinational photo-chemotherapy against cancer. The systematic administration of drug loaded CMC-FA can significantly inhibit tumor growth in mouse xenografts in the presence of a near-infrared light at 808 nm, without noticeable toxicity. This study provides a simple and robust strategy to develop biocompatible therapeutic cell membrane capsules, holds strong translational potential in precise cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Li
- The Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China; Women's Reproductive Health Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China.
| | - Xinlian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Dinesh Pardhi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Qianqian Wu
- The Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Yong Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Huihui Zhu
- The Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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Zhang H, Yu S, Zhao X, Mao Z, Gao C. Stromal cell-derived factor-1α-encapsulated albumin/heparin nanoparticles for induced stem cell migration and intervertebral disc regeneration in vivo. Acta Biomater 2018; 72:217-227. [PMID: 29597025 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration may cause many diseases and pain. Stem cell migration toward the site of IVD degeneration is a key factor for IVD regeneration. In the current study, we prepared albumin/heparin nanoparticles (BHNPs) as injectable carriers of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α, also known as C-X-C motif chemokine 12), a powerful chemoattractant for the homing of bone marrow resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), for protection of the molecule against degradation for a sustained release. The NPs have relatively uniform small size, with a diameter of about 110 nm. The NPs possess a high loading capacity of SDF-1α with a sustained release profile. The bioactivity of the obtained BHNPs/SDF was then studied in vitro and in vivo. The BHNPs/SDF can induce migration of MSCs in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. After injected into the damaged disc, BHNPs/SDF induce much better regeneration of annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus, compared to SDF-1α and BHNPs alone, evidenced with better histological grade scores and higher expression of SOX9, Aggrecan, and Collagen type II at the level of both mRNA and protein. This study provides a simple nanoplatform to load SDF-1α and protect it against degradation, with potential application in inductive tissue regeneration in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Stem cell migration toward the site of IVD degeneration is a key event to promote IVD regeneration. In the current study, we prepared albumin/heparin nanoparticles (BHNPs) as injectable carriers to protect SDF-1α against degradation and for the sustained release of the molecule. After injected into the damaged disc, BHNPs/SDF induced much better regeneration of IVD, compared to SDF-1α and BHNPs alone. This study provides a simple nanoplatform to load SDF-1α and protect it from degradation, with potential application in inductive tissue regeneration in vivo.
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Wang X, Zeng D, Weng W, Huang Q, Zhang X, Wen J, Wu J, Jiang X. Alendronate delivery on amino modified mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds to enhance bone regeneration in osteoporosis rats. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:171-181. [PMID: 29688044 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1453825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The regeneration capacity of osteoporotic bones is generally lower than that of normal bones. Nowadays, alendronate (AL) are orally administrated for osteoporosis due to the inhibition of bone resorption. However, systemic administration of AL is characterized by extremely low bioavailability and high toxicity. In this study, the amino-modified mesoporous bioactive glass scaffolds (N-MBGS) were fabricated by a simple powder processing technique as a novel drug-delivery system for AL. The effects of AL on the osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells derived from ovariectomized rats (rBMSCs-OVX) were first estimated. The loading efficiency and release kinetics of AL on N-MBGS were investigated in vitro and the osteogenesis of AL-loaded N-MBGS in rat calvarial defect model was detected by micro-CT measurements and the histological assay. Our results revealed that proper concentration of AL significantly promoted osteogenic differentiation of rBMSCs-OVX. The amount and delivery rate of AL were greatly improved through amino modification. Additionally, scaffolds with AL showed better bone formation in vivo, especially for the N-MBGS group. Our results suggest that the novel amino-modified MBGS are promising drug-delivery system for osteoporotic bone defect repairing or regeneration. The experimental schematic of the novel amino-modified MBGS as a promising drug-delivery system for osteoporotic bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- a Department of Prosthodontics , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Deliang Zeng
- a Department of Prosthodontics , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Weimin Weng
- a Department of Prosthodontics , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Qinfeng Huang
- a Department of Prosthodontics , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiangkai Zhang
- b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Jin Wen
- a Department of Prosthodontics , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Jiannan Wu
- a Department of Prosthodontics , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Xinquan Jiang
- a Department of Prosthodontics , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology , National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
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Sun M, Chi G, Xu J, Tan Y, Xu J, Lv S, Xu Z, Xia Y, Li L, Li Y. Extracellular matrix stiffness controls osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells mediated by integrin α5. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:52. [PMID: 29490668 PMCID: PMC5831741 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0798-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) differentiation into osteoblasts has important clinical significance in treating bone injury, and the stiffness of the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been shown to be an important regulatory factor for hMSC differentiation. The aim of this study was to further delineate how matrix stiffness affects intracellular signaling through integrin α5/β1, FAK, and Wnt signaling, subsequently regulating the osteogenic phenotype of hMSCs. Methods hMSCs were cultured on tunable polyacrylamide hydrogels coated with fibronectin with stiffness corresponding to a Young’s modulus of 13–16 kPa and 62–68 kPa. After hMSCs were cultured on gels for 1 week, gene expression of alpha-1typeIcollagen, BGLAP, and RUNX2 were evaluated by real-time PCR. After hMSCs were cultured on gels for 24 h, signaling molecules relating to integrin α5 (FAK, ERK, p-ERK, Akt, p-Akt, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, and β-catenin) were evaluated by western blot analysis. Results Osteogenic differentiation was increased on 62–68 kPa ECM, as evidenced by alpha-1 type I collagen, BGLAP, and RUNX2 gene expression, calcium deposition, and ALP staining. In the process of differentiation, gene and protein expression of integrin α5/β1 increased, together with protein expression of the downstream signaling molecules FAK, p-ERK, p-Akt, GSK-3β, p-GSK-3β, and β-catenin, indicating that these molecules can affect the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. An antibody blocking integrin α5 suppressed the stiffness-induced expression of all osteoblast markers examined. In particular, alpha-1 type I collagen, RUNX2, and BGLAP were significantly downregulated, indicating that integrin α5 regulates hMSC osteogenic differentiation. Downstream expression of FAK, ERK, p-ERK, and β-catenin protein was unchanged, whereas Akt, p-Akt, GSK-3β, and p-GSK-3β were upregulated. Moreover, expression of Akt and p-Akt was upregulated with anti-integrin α5 antibody, but no difference was observed for FAK, ERK, and p-ERK between the with or without anti-integrin α5 antibody groups. At the same time, expression of GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β was upregulated and β-catenin levels showed no difference between the groups with or without anti-integrin α5 antibody. Since Akt, p-Akt, GSK-3β, and p-GSK-3β displayed the same changes between the groups with or without anti-integrin α5 antibody, we then detected the links among them. Expression of p-Akt and p-GSK-3β was reduced effectively in the presence of the Akt inhibitor Triciribine. However, Akt, GSK-3β, and β-catenin were unchanged. These results suggested that expression of p-GSK-3β was regulated by p-Akt on 62–68 kPa ECM. Conclusions Taken together, our results provide evidence that matrix stiffness (62–68 kPa) affects the osteogenic outcome of hMSCs through mechanotransduction events that are mediated by integrin α5. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-0798-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyu Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangfan Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Juanjuan Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Tan
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziran Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhan Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lisha Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
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Liu L, Li X, Shi X, Wang Y. Injectable alendronate-functionalized GelMA hydrogels for mineralization and osteogenesis. RSC Adv 2018; 8:22764-22776. [PMID: 35539745 PMCID: PMC9081581 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03550d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Injectable alendronate-modified GelMA hydrogel greatly improved mineralization and in vitro osteogenesis both at the surface and inside of the hydrogel, which have potential in treatment of irregular bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
- School of Material Science and Engineering
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
- School of Material Science and Engineering
| | - Xuetao Shi
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
- School of Material Science and Engineering
| | - Yingjun Wang
- National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510006
- PR China
- School of Material Science and Engineering
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Gene-activated matrix/bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells constructs regenerate sweat glands-like structure in vivo. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17630. [PMID: 29247230 PMCID: PMC5732266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17967-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It is a significant challenge to regenerate full-thickness skin defects with sweat glands. Various skin substitutes have been developed to resolve this issue with minimal success. In this study, to yield a novel construct for in situ regeneration of sweat glands, the collagen-chitosan porous scaffold was combined with Lipofectamine 2000/pDNA-EGF complexes to obtain the gene-activated scaffold (GAS), which was then seeded with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs). The porous scaffold functionalized as a reservoir for the incorporated gene complexes which were released in a sustained manner. The seeded BM-MSCs were transfected in situ by the released complexes and specially differentiated into sweat gland cells in vitro under the induction of the expressed epidermal growth factor (EGF). Application in vivo of the GAS/BM-MSCs constructs on the full-thickness skin defects of SD rats confirmed that GAS/BM-MSCs could accelerate the wound healing process and induce the in situ regeneration of the full-thickness skin with sweat gland-like structures. Analyzed by immunohistochemical staining, RT-qPCR and Western-blotting, the levels of the major sweat gland markers such as carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin 8 (CK8) and cytokeratin 14 (CK14) were all up-regulated, indicating that GAS/BM-MSCs can facilitate the regeneration of sweat glands-like structure in vivo.
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Development of a UV crosslinked biodegradable hydrogel containing adipose derived stem cells to promote vascularization for skin wounds and tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2017; 129:188-198. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Gelatin-based 3D conduits for transdifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into Schwann cell-like phenotypes. Acta Biomater 2017; 53:293-306. [PMID: 28213098 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, gelatin-based 3D conduits with three different microstructures (nanofibrous, macroporous and ladder-like) were fabricated for the first time via combined molding and thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) technique for peripheral nerve regeneration. The effects of conduit microstructure and mechanical properties on the transdifferentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into Schwann cell (SC) like phenotypes were examined to help facilitate neuroregeneration and understand material-cell interfaces. Results indicated that 3D macroporous and ladder-like structures enhanced MSC attachment, proliferation and spreading, creating interconnected cellular networks with large numbers of viable cells compared to nanofibrous and 2D-tissue culture plate counterparts. 3D-ladder-like conduit structure with complex modulus of ∼0.4×106Pa and pore size of ∼150μm provided the most favorable microenvironment for MSC transdifferentiation leading to ∼85% immunolabeling of all SC markers. On the other hand, the macroporous conduits with complex modulus of ∼4×106Pa and pore size of ∼100μm showed slightly lower (∼65% for p75, ∼75% for S100 and ∼85% for S100β markers) immunolabeling. Transdifferentiated MSCs within 3D-ladder-like conduits secreted significant amounts (∼2.5pg/mL NGF and ∼0.7pg/mL GDNF per cell) of neurotrophic factors, while MSCs in macroporous conduits released slightly lower (∼1.5pg/mL NGF and 0.7pg/mL GDNF per cell) levels. PC12 cells displayed enhanced neurite outgrowth in media conditioned by conduits with transdifferentiated MSCs. Overall, conduits with macroporous and ladder-like 3D structures are promising platforms in transdifferentiation of MSCs for neuroregeneration and should be further tested in vivo. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE This manuscript focuses on the effect of microstructure and mechanical properties of gelatin-based 3D conduits on the transdifferentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to Schwann cell-like phenotypes. This work builds on our recently accepted manuscript in Acta Biomaterialia focused on multifunctional 2D films, and focuses on 3D microstructured conduits designed to overcome limitations of current strategies to facilitate peripheral nerve regeneration. The comparison between conduits fabricated with nanofibrous, macroporous and ladder-like microstructures showed that the ladder-like conduits showed the most favorable environment for MSC transdifferentiation to Schwann-cell like phenotypes, as seen by both immunolabeling as well as secretion of neurotrophic factors. This work demonstrates the importance of controlling the 3D microstructure to facilitate tissue engineering strategies involving stem cells that can serve as promising approaches for peripheral nerve regeneration.
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Zhang T, Lin S, Shao X, Zhang Q, Xue C, Zhang S, Lin Y, Zhu B, Cai X. Effect of matrix stiffness on osteoblast functionalization. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28205330 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Stiffness of bone tissue differs response to its physiological or pathological status, such as osteoporosis or osteosclerosis. Consequently, the function of cells residing in bone tissue including osteoblasts (OBs), osteoclasts and osteocytes will be affected. However, to the best of our knowledge, the detailed mechanism of how extracellular matrix stiffness affects OB function remains unclear. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a study that exposed rat primary OBs to polydimethylsiloxane substrates with varied stiffness to investigate the alterations of cell morphology, osteoblastic differentiation and its potential mechanism in mechanotransduction. RESULTS Distinctive differences of cell shapes and vinculin expression in rat osteoblasts were detected on different PDMS substrates. As representatives for OB function, expression of alkaline phosphatase, Runx2 and osteocalcin were identified and showed a decrease trend as substrates become soft, which is associated with the Rho/ROCK signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated substrate elasticity as a potent regulator in OBs functionalization, which may pave a way for further understanding of bone diseases as well as a potential therapeutic alternative in tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoru Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changyue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shanxi, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xian, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Feng J, Zhang D, Zhu M, Gao C. Poly(l-lactide) melt spun fiber-aligned scaffolds coated with collagen or chitosan for guiding the directional migration of osteoblasts in vitro. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:5176-5188. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb00601b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PLLA melt spun fiber-aligned scaffolds coated with collagen or chitosan enhance the viability, spreading, alignment and mobility of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyong Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Deteng Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Meifang Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
- China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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39
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Han L, Xu J, Lu X, Gan D, Wang Z, Wang K, Zhang H, Yuan H, Weng J. Biohybrid methacrylated gelatin/polyacrylamide hydrogels for cartilage repair. J Mater Chem B 2017; 5:731-741. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02348g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We prepared a biohybrid hydrogel based on acrylamide and GelMA, having good mechanical properties, thermal stability, and bioactivity for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Jielong Xu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Xiong Lu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Donglin Gan
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Zhixiong Wang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
| | - Kefeng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials
- Genome Research Center for Biomaterials
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Hongping Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Biomass Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest University of Science and Technology
- Mianyang 621010
| | - Huipin Yuan
- College of Physical Science and Technology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu
- China
| | - Jie Weng
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials
- Ministry of Education
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Southwest Jiaotong University
- Chengdu 610031
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40
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Fe 3O 4/BSA particles induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under static magnetic field. Acta Biomater 2016; 46:141-150. [PMID: 27646502 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of stem cells is influenced by many factors, yet uptake of the magnetic particles with or without magnetic field is rarely tackled. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Fe3O4/BSA) particles were prepared, which showed a spherical morphology with a diameter below 200 nm, negatively charged surface, and tunable magnetic property. The particles could be internalized into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and their release from the cells was significantly retarded under external magnetic field, resulting in almost twice intracellular amount of the particles within 21 d compared to that of the magnetic field free control. Uptake of the Fe3O4/BSA particles enhanced significantly the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs under a static magnetic field, as evidenced by elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and expressions of collagen type I and osteocalcin at both mRNA and protein levels. Therefore, uptake of the Fe3O4/BSA particles brings significant influence on the differentiation of MSCs under magnetic field, and thereby should be paid great attention for practical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Differentiation of stem cells is influenced by many factors, yet uptake of the magnetic particles with or without magnetic field is rarely tackled. In this study, iron oxide nanoparticles-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Fe3O4/BSA) particles with a diameter below 200nm, negatively charged surface, tunable Fe3O4 content and subsequently adjustable magnetic property were prepared. The particles could be internalized into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and their release from the cells was significantly retarded under external magnetic field. Uptake of the Fe3O4/BSA particles enhanced significantly the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs under a constant static magnetic field, while the magnetic particles and external magnetic field alone do not influence significantly the osteogenic differentiation potential of MSCs regardless of the uptake amount. The results demonstrate a potential magnetic manipulation method for stem cell differentiation, and also convey the significance of careful evaluation of the safety issue of magnetic particles in real an application situation.
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41
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Sheng G, Chen Y, Han L, Huang Y, Liu X, Li L, Mao Z. Encapsulation of indocyanine green into cell membrane capsules for photothermal cancer therapy. Acta Biomater 2016; 43:251-261. [PMID: 27422197 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although indocyanine green (ICG) has promising applications in photothermal therapy (PPT) because of its low toxicity and high efficiency in inducing heat and singlet oxygen formation in response to near-infrared light with a wavelength of approximately 800nm, its clinical application has been restricted because of its rapid body clearance and poor water stability. Therefore, cell membrane capsules (CMCs) derived from mammalian cells were used to encapsulate negatively charged ICG by temporarily permeating the plasma membrane and resealing using positively charged doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). The resulting CMCs@DOX/ICG exhibited a spherical shape, with a diameter of approximately 800nm. The DOX and ICG encapsulation was confirmed by the UV-vis spectrum; a very small amount of DOX (0.8μg) and a very high amount of ICG (∼110μg) were encapsulated in 200μg CMCs. Encapsulation in the CMCs leads to sustained release of ICG, especially in the presence of positively charged DOX. The temperature enhancement and generation of ROS by ICG encapsulated in CMCs were confirmed upon laser irradiation in vitro, leading to cell death. CMCs@DOX/ICG also can significantly enhance the retention of ICG in a tumor after intratumoral injection in vivo. As a result, combination treatment with CMCs@DOX/ICG and laser irradiation demonstrated much better anticancer efficacy than that of free DOX/ICG and CMCs@ICG. The encapsulation of ICG into CMCs, especially with the assistance of DOX, significantly slows down the body clearance of ICG, with a retained PPT effect against tumors, an important step forward in the practical application of ICG in cancer therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE In this study, cell membrane capsules (CMCs) derived from mammalian cells were used to encapsulate negatively charged indocyanine green (ICG) by temporarily permeating the plasma membrane and resealing, in the presence of positively charged doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX). The resulting CMCs@DOX/ICG exhibited a spherical shape, with a diameter of approximately 800nm. Encapsulation in the CMCs leads to sustained release of ICG and thus slower clearance inside body, especially in the presence of positively charged DOX. The system provides a better photothermal effect against tumors, an important step forward in the practical application of ICG in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoping Sheng
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital (Zhejiang University International Hospital), State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Ying Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Lijie Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yong Huang
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital (Zhejiang University International Hospital), State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital (Zhejiang University International Hospital), State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310022, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital (Zhejiang University International Hospital), State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou 310022, China.
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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42
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Hu B, Deng J, Zheng H, Yu S, Gao C. Synthesis of Chiral Oligomer-Grafted Biodegradable Polyurethanes and Their Chiral-Dependent Influence on Bone Marrow Stem Cell Behaviors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1331-6. [PMID: 27295370 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chirality is one of the most fascinating and ubiquitous features in nature, especially in biological systems. The effects of chiral surfaces, especially in combination with degradable materials of good biocompatibility, on stem cell behaviors has not yet been tackled. In this communication, the chiral monomers N-acryloyl-l(d)-valine (l(d)-AV) are synthesized and are polymerized to obtain chiral (l(d)-PAV-SH) oligomers, which are covalently immobilized onto electron-deficient poly(propylene fumarate) polyurethane (PPFU) via Michael addition. The PPFU-l-PAV can interact more strongly and actively with bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) than PPFU-d-PAV, leading to a larger cell spreading area, faster migration velocity, and stronger osteodifferentiation tendency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jun Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Honghao Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Shan Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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43
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Shrestha S, Mao Z, Fedutik Y, Gao C. Influence of titanium dioxide nanorods with different surface chemistry on the differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:6955-6966. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb02149b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In this study, four kinds of TiO2 nanorods (TiO2 NRs), with similar aspect ratios but different surface functional groups, i.e. amines (–NH2), carboxyl groups (–COOH) and poly(ethylene glycol) (–PEG), were used to study their interaction with rat bone marrow stem cells (MSCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Surakshya Shrestha
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | | | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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44
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Shen X, Ma P, Hu Y, Xu G, Xu K, Chen W, Ran Q, Dai L, Yu Y, Mu C, Cai K. Alendronate-loaded hydroxyapatite-TiO2 nanotubes for improved bone formation in osteoporotic rabbits. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:1423-1436. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01956g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Alendronate-loaded hydroxyapatite-TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated for locally improving new bone formation at the bone–implant interface in osteoporotic rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkun Shen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Pingping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Yan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Gaoqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Kui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Weizhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Qichun Ran
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Liangliang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Yonglin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Caiyun Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
| | - Kaiyong Cai
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology
- Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400044
- P. R. China
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45
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Han L, Chen Y, Niu J, Peng L, Mao Z, Gao C. Encapsulation of a photosensitizer into cell membrane capsules for photodynamic therapy. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra07480d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
CMCs were used to encapsulate MB (CMCs@MB) using temporary permeation of the plasma membrane and resealing. Encapsulation in the CMCs leads to sustained release of MB with enhanced stability against enzymatic reduction and reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Ying Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Jie Niu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Lihua Peng
- Institute of Pharmaceutics
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou
- P.R. China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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46
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Han F, Zhu C, Guo Q, Yang H, Li B. Cellular modulation by the elasticity of biomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:9-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02077h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The elasticity of the extracellular matrix has been increasingly recognized as a dominating factor of cell fate and activities. This review provides an overview of the general principles and recent advances in the field of matrix elasticity-dependent regulation of a variety of cellular activities and functions, the underlying biomechanical and molecular mechanisms, as well as the pathophysiological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxuan Han
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Orthopaedic Institute
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - Caihong Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Orthopaedic Institute
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - Qianping Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Orthopaedic Institute
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Orthopaedic Institute
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopaedics
- The First Affiliated Hospital
- Orthopaedic Institute
- Soochow University
- Suzhou
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47
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Shrestha S, Jiang P, Sousa MH, Morais PC, Mao Z, Gao C. Citrate-capped iron oxide nanoparticles impair the osteogenic differentiation potential of rat mesenchymal stem cells. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:245-256. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb02007g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The cellular uptake of citrate-capped iron oxide nanoparticles can impair the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surakshya Shrestha
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Pengfei Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Marcelo Henrique Sousa
- Green Nanotechnology Group
- Faculdade de Ceilândia
- Universidade de Brasília
- Ceilândia – DF 72220-900
- Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Morais
- Universidade de Brasília
- Instituto de Física
- Brasília DF 70910-900
- Brazil
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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48
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Yu W, Zhang W, Chen Y, Song X, Tong W, Mao Z, Gao C. Cellular uptake of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) microcapsules with different deformability and its influence on cell functions. J Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 465:149-57. [PMID: 26674230 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It is important to understand the safety issue and cell interaction pattern of polyelectrolyte microcapsules with different deformability before their use in biomedical applications. In this study, SiO2, poly(sodium-p-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) doped CaCO3 and porous CaCO3 spheres, all about 4μm in diameter, were used as templates to prepare microcapsules with different inner structure and subsequent deformability. As a result, three kinds of covalently assembled poly(allylaminehydrochloride)/glutaraldehyde (PAH/GA) microcapsules with similar size but different deformability under external osmotic pressure were prepared. The impact of different microcapsules on cell viability and functions are studied using smooth muscle cells (SMCs), endothelial cells (ECs) and HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that viabilities of SMCs, ECs and HepG2 cells were not significantly influenced by either of the three kinds of microcapsules. However, the adhesion ability of SMCs and ECs as well as the mobility of SMCs, ECs and HepG2 cells were significantly impaired after treatment with microcapsules in a deformability dependent manner, especially the microcapsules with lower deformability caused higher impairment on cell functions. The cellular uptake kinetics, uptake pathways, intracellular distribution of microcapsules are further investigated in SMCs to reveal the potential mechanism. The SMCs showed faster uptake rate and exocytosis rate of microcapsules with lower deformability (Cap@CaCO3/PSS and Cap@CaCO3), leading to higher intracellular accumulation of microcapsules with lower deformability and possibly larger retardation of cell functions. The results pointed out that the deformability of microcapsules is an important factor governing the biological performance of microcapsules, which requires careful adjustment for further biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wenbo Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ying Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaoxue Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Weijun Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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49
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Yu D, Zou G, Cui X, Mao Z, Estrela-Lopis I, Donath E, Gao C. Monitoring the intracellular transformation process of surface-cleavable PLGA particles containing disulfide bonds by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:8865-8873. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01687h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The FRET technique was used to quantify the surface cleavage kinetics of PLGA particles containing disulfide bonds in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Guangyang Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Xiaojing Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
| | - Irina Estrela-Lopis
- Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics
- Leipzig University
- 04107 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Edwin Donath
- Institute of Medical Physics & Biophysics
- Leipzig University
- 04107 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
- China
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