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Silingardi F, Salamanna F, Español M, Maglio M, Sartori M, Giavaresi G, Bigi A, Ginebra MP, Boanini E. Regulation of osteogenesis and angiogenesis by cobalt, manganese and strontium doped apatitic materials for functional bone tissue regeneration. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 163:213968. [PMID: 39059113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Strontium, cobalt, and manganese ions are present in the composition of bone and useful for bone metabolism, even when combined with calcium phosphate in the composition of biomaterials. Herein we explored the possibility to include these ions in the composition of apatitic materials prepared through the cementitious reaction between ion-substituted calcium phosphate dibasic dihydrate, CaHPO4·2H2O (DCPD) and tetracalcium phosphate, Ca4(PO4)2O (TTCP). The results of the chemical, structural, morphological and mechanical characterization indicate that cobalt and manganese exhibit a greater delaying effect than strontium (about 15 at.%) on the cementitious reaction, even though they are present in smaller amounts within the materials (about 0.8 and 4.5 at.%, respectively). Furthermore, the presence of the foreign ions in the apatitic materials leads to a slight reduction of porosity and to enhancement of compressive strength. The results of biological tests show that the presence of strontium and manganese, as well as calcium, in the apatitic materials cultured in direct contact with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) stimulates their viability and activity. In contrast, the apatitic material containing cobalt exhibits a lower metabolic activity. All the materials have a positive effect on the expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Von Willebrand Factor (vWF). Moreover, the apatitic material containing strontium induces the most significant reduction in the differentiation of preosteoclasts into osteoclasts, demonstrating not only osteogenic and angiogenic properties, but also ability to regulate bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Silingardi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Salamanna
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Montserrat Español
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08019, Spain
| | - Melania Maglio
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Sartori
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giavaresi
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Adriana Bigi
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria-Pau Ginebra
- Biomaterials, Biomechanics and Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona 08019, Spain
| | - Elisa Boanini
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
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2
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Borciani G, Montalbano G, Perut F, Ciapetti G, Baldini N, Vitale-Brovarone C. Osteoblast and osteoclast activity on collagen-based 3D printed scaffolds enriched with strontium-doped bioactive glasses and hydroxyapatite nanorods for bone tissue engineering. Biomed Mater 2024; 19:065007. [PMID: 39173660 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ad72c3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) aims to promote bone regeneration by means of the synergistic effect of biomaterials, cells, and other factors, as potential alternative to conventional treatments for bone fractures. To this aim, a composite material was developed, based on collagen type I, strontium-enriched mesoporous bioactive glasses, and hydroxyapatite nanorods as bioactive and biomimetic components. Nanostructured scaffolds were 3D printed and subsequently chemically crosslinked with genipin to improve mechanical properties and stability. The developed nanostructured system was maintained in culture until 3 weeks with a co-culture of human bone cells to provide anex vivomodel of bone microenvironment and examine the cellular crosstalk and signaling pathways through paracrine cell activities. Human osteoblasts (OBs), derived from trabecular bone, and human osteoclast precursors (OCs), isolated from buffy coat samples were involved, with OBs seeded on the scaffold and OC precursors seeded in a transwell device. When compared to the material without inorganic components, the bioactive and biomimetic scaffold positively influenced cell proliferation and cell metabolic activity, boosting alkaline phosphatase activity of OBs, and reducing OC differentiation. Thus, the bioactive and biomimetic system promoted an enhanced cellular response, highlighting its potential application in BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Borciani
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giorgia Montalbano
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Francesca Perut
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gabriela Ciapetti
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Biomedical Science and Technologies and Nanobiotechnology Lab, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
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3
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Shu X, Liao J, Wang Q, Wang L, Shi Q, Xie X. Enhanced osteogenic and bactericidal performance of premixed calcium phosphate cement with photocrosslinked alginate thin film. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:1057-1069. [PMID: 38380877 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of implant-associated infections (IAI) in orthopedics remains a public health challenge. Calcium phosphates (CaPs) are critical biomaterials in dental treatments and bone regeneration. It is highly desirable to endow CaPs with antibacterial properties. To achieve this purpose, we developed a photocrosslinked methacrylated alginate co-calcium phosphate cement (PMA-co-PCPC) with antibacterial properties, using α-tricalcium phosphate (α-TCP) powders with 16% amorphous contents as solid phase, liquid phases containing CuCl2 and SrCl2 as an inhibitor, and CaCl2 as an activator to construct PCPC. When CaCl2 started to activate the hydration reaction, Sr2+ or Cu2+ ions were exchanged with Ca2+, and α-TCP dissolution was restarted and gradually hydrated to form calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA). PMA was added to crosslink with Cu/Sr ions and form gel-layer-wrapped hydrated CDHA. This study explored the binding mechanism of PMA and PCPC and the ion release rule of Ca2+ → Sr2+/Cu2+, optimized the construction of several antibacterial PMA-co-PCPC materials, and analyzed the physical, chemical, and biological properties. Because of the combined effect of Cu and Sr ions, the scaffold exhibited a potential antibacterial activity, promoting bone formation and vascular regeneration. This work provides a basis for designing antibacterial calcium phosphate biomaterials with controllable treatment, which is an important characteristic for preventing IAI of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulin Shu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Junda Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingshan Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobao Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Vater C, Bräuer C, Grom S, Fecht T, Ahlfeld T, von Witzleben M, Placht AM, Schütz K, Schehl JM, Wolfram T, Reinauer F, Scharffenberg M, Wittenstein J, Hoess A, Heinemann S, Gelinsky M, Lauer G, Lode A. Poly(dl-lactide) Polymer Blended with Mineral Phases for Extrusion 3D Printing-Studies on Degradation and Biocompatibility. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1254. [PMID: 38732723 PMCID: PMC11085512 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
A promising therapeutic option for the treatment of critical-size mandibular defects is the implantation of biodegradable, porous structures that are produced patient-specifically by using additive manufacturing techniques. In this work, degradable poly(DL-lactide) polymer (PDLLA) was blended with different mineral phases with the aim of buffering its acidic degradation products, which can cause inflammation and stimulate bone regeneration. Microparticles of CaCO3, SrCO3, tricalcium phosphates (α-TCP, β-TCP), or strontium-modified hydroxyapatite (SrHAp) were mixed with the polymer powder following processing the blends into scaffolds with the Arburg Plastic Freeforming 3D-printing method. An in vitro degradation study over 24 weeks revealed a buffer effect for all mineral phases, with the buffering capacity of CaCO3 and SrCO3 being the highest. Analysis of conductivity, swelling, microstructure, viscosity, and glass transition temperature evidenced that the mineral phases influence the degradation behavior of the scaffolds. Cytocompatibility of all polymer blends was proven in cell experiments with SaOS-2 cells. Patient-specific implants consisting of PDLLA + CaCO3, which were tested in a pilot in vivo study in a segmental mandibular defect in minipigs, exhibited strong swelling. Based on these results, an in vitro swelling prediction model was developed that simulates the conditions of anisotropic swelling after implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Vater
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.A.); (M.v.W.); (A.-M.P.); (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Christian Bräuer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Stefanie Grom
- KLS Martin SE & Co. KG, 78570 Mühlheim, Germany; (S.G.); (T.F.); (J.M.S.); (T.W.); (F.R.)
| | - Tatjana Fecht
- KLS Martin SE & Co. KG, 78570 Mühlheim, Germany; (S.G.); (T.F.); (J.M.S.); (T.W.); (F.R.)
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.A.); (M.v.W.); (A.-M.P.); (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Max von Witzleben
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.A.); (M.v.W.); (A.-M.P.); (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Anna-Maria Placht
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.A.); (M.v.W.); (A.-M.P.); (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Kathleen Schütz
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.A.); (M.v.W.); (A.-M.P.); (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Jan Marc Schehl
- KLS Martin SE & Co. KG, 78570 Mühlheim, Germany; (S.G.); (T.F.); (J.M.S.); (T.W.); (F.R.)
| | - Tobias Wolfram
- KLS Martin SE & Co. KG, 78570 Mühlheim, Germany; (S.G.); (T.F.); (J.M.S.); (T.W.); (F.R.)
| | - Frank Reinauer
- KLS Martin SE & Co. KG, 78570 Mühlheim, Germany; (S.G.); (T.F.); (J.M.S.); (T.W.); (F.R.)
| | - Martin Scharffenberg
- Pulmonary Engineering Group, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Jakob Wittenstein
- Pulmonary Engineering Group, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.); (J.W.)
| | - Andreas Hoess
- INNOTERE GmbH, 01445 Radebeul, Germany; (A.H.); (S.H.)
| | | | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.A.); (M.v.W.); (A.-M.P.); (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Günter Lauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (C.B.); (G.L.)
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (T.A.); (M.v.W.); (A.-M.P.); (K.S.); (M.G.)
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5
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Chen T, Wu X, Zhang P, Wu W, Dai H, Chen S. Strontium-Doped Hydroxyapatite Coating Improves Osteo/Angiogenesis for Ameliorative Graft-Bone Integration via the Macrophage-Derived Cytokines-Mediated Integrin Signal Pathway. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:15687-15700. [PMID: 38511302 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) artificial ligaments, renowned for their superior mechanical properties, have been extensively adopted in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction surgeries. However, the inherent bio-inertness of PET introduces formidable barriers to graft-bone integration, a critical aspect of rehabilitation. Previous interventions, ranging from surface roughening to chemical modifications, have aimed to address this challenge; however, consistently effective techniques for inducing graft-bone integration remain scarce. Our study employed advanced surface-coating methodologies to introduce strontium-doped hydroxyapatite (SrHA) onto PET ligaments. Detailed scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations revealed a uniform and integrative coating of SrHA on PET fibers. Furthermore, spectroscopic analysis confirmed the steady release of strontium ions from the coated surface under physiological conditions. In-depth cellular studies proved that extracellular strontium emanating from SrHA-coated PET (PET@SrHA) ligaments actively steers the M2 macrophage polarization. Additionally, macrophages (Mφs) manifested a heightened secretion of prohealing cytokines when exposed to PET@SrHA. Subsequent investigations showed that these cytokines acted as mediators, activating integrin signaling pathways among macrophages, vascular endothelial cells, and osteoblasts. As a direct consequence, an increased rate of angiogenesis and osteogenic differentiation was observed, vital for graft-bone integration following ACL reconstruction with PET@SrHA ligaments. From a biochemical standpoint, our results pinpoint strontium ions as influential immunomodulators, sculpting the graft-bone interface's immune environment. This insight presents the SrHA-coating technique as a viable therapeutic strategy, holding sound promise for improving angiogenesis and osseointegration outcomes during ACL reconstruction using PET-based grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwu Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Xiaopei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Honglian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Shiyi Chen
- Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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6
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Zhao Q, Ni Y, Wei H, Duan Y, Chen J, Xiao Q, Gao J, Yu Y, Cui Y, Ouyang S, Miron RJ, Zhang Y, Wu C. Ion incorporation into bone grafting materials. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:213-230. [PMID: 37823468 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomaterials in regenerative medicine has expanded to treat various disorders caused by trauma or disease in orthopedics and dentistry. However, the treatment of large and complex bone defects presents a challenge, leading to a pressing need for optimized biomaterials for bone repair. Recent advances in chemical sciences have enabled the incorporation of therapeutic ions into bone grafts to enhance their performance. These ions, such as strontium (for bone regeneration/osteoporosis), copper (for angiogenesis), boron (for bone growth), iron (for chemotaxis), cobalt (for B12 synthesis), lithium (for osteogenesis/cementogenesis), silver (for antibacterial resistance), and magnesium (for bone and cartilage regeneration), among others (e.g., zinc, sodium, and silica), have been studied extensively. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and recent developments in ion incorporation into biomaterials for bone and periodontal tissue repair. It also discusses recently developed biomaterials from a basic design and clinical application perspective. Additionally, the review highlights the importance of precise ion introduction into biomaterials to address existing limitations and challenges in combination therapies. Future prospects and opportunities for the development and optimization of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueqi Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongjiang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiling Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingqiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiqian Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Simin Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengtie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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7
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Qian G, Mao Y, Shuai Y, Zeng Z, Peng S, Shuai C. Enhancing bone scaffold interfacial reinforcement through in situ growth of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) on strontium carbonate: Achieving high strength and osteoimmunomodulation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 655:43-57. [PMID: 37925968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.10.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Bioceramics have been extensively used to improve osteogenesis of polymers because of their excellent bone-forming capabilities. However, the inadequate interfacial bonding between ceramics and polymers compromises their mechanical properties. In this study, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) was grown in situ on strontium carbonate (SrCO3) to construct a core-shell SrCO3@ZIF-8, which was then added to poly-l-lactic acid (PLLA) to print a SrCO3@ZIF-8/PLLA composite scaffold using selective sintering technology. First, ZIF-8 characterized by its multiple organic ligands, forms a robust interface with PLLA. Second, SrCO3 characterized by its negative zeta potential in solution, exhibits the ability to adsorb positively charged zinc ions. This, in turn, promotes the in situ growth of ZIF-8 on SrCO3, eventually achieving perfect bonding between the second phase and the PLLA matrix. Our findings indicated that the composite scaffold exhibited the highest compressive strength (21.93 MPa) and significantly promoted the osteogenic differentiation of mouse mesenchymal stem cells. Moreover, the in vivo results established that the SrCO3@ZIF-8/PLLA scaffold significantly accelerated bone regeneration efficiency in rat femur defects. The prepared scaffold, with its favorable mechanical properties and osteogenic activity, shows considerable promise for applications in bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowen Qian
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China.
| | - Yuqian Mao
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Yang Shuai
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhikui Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China.
| | - Shuping Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of Hunan Cancer Hospital and the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Cijun Shuai
- Institute of Additive Manufacturing, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Nanchang 330013, China; State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
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8
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Luo Y, Liu H, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Liu S, Liu X, Luo E. Metal ions: the unfading stars of bone regeneration-from bone metabolism regulation to biomaterial applications. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:7268-7295. [PMID: 37800407 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01146a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, bone regeneration has emerged as a remarkable field that offers promising guidance for treating bone-related diseases, such as bone defects, bone infections, and osteosarcoma. Among various bone regeneration approaches, the metal ion-based strategy has surfaced as a prospective candidate approach owing to the extensive regulatory role of metal ions in bone metabolism and the diversity of corresponding delivery strategies. Various metal ions can promote bone regeneration through three primary strategies: balancing the effects of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, regulating the immune microenvironment, and promoting bone angiogenesis. In the meantime, the complex molecular mechanisms behind these strategies are being consistently explored. Moreover, the accelerated development of biomaterials broadens the prospect of metal ions applied to bone regeneration. This review highlights the potential of metal ions for bone regeneration and their underlying mechanisms. We propose that future investigations focus on refining the clinical utilization of metal ions using both mechanistic inquiry and materials engineering to bolster the clinical effectiveness of metal ion-based approaches for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanghang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Emergency, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin Nanlu, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - En Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, People's Republic of China
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9
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Ray S, Thormann U, Kramer I, Sommer U, Budak M, Schumacher M, Bernhardt A, Lode A, Kern C, Rohnke M, Heiss C, Lips KS, Gelinsky M, Alt V. Mesoporous Bioactive Glass-Incorporated Injectable Strontium-Containing Calcium Phosphate Cement Enhanced Osteoconductivity in a Critical-Sized Metaphyseal Defect in Osteoporotic Rats. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:1203. [PMID: 37892933 PMCID: PMC10604136 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10101203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the in vitro and in vivo bone formation behavior of mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) particles incorporated in a pasty strontium-containing calcium phosphate bone cement (pS100G10) was studied in a metaphyseal fracture-defect model in ovariectomized rats and compared to a plain pasty strontium-containing calcium phosphate bone cement (pS100) and control (empty defect) group, respectively. In vitro testing showed good cytocompatibility on human preosteoblasts and ongoing dissolution of the MBG component. Neither the released strontium nor the BMG particles from the pS100G10 had a negative influence on cell viability. Forty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three different treatment groups: (1) pS100 (n = 15), (2) pS100G10 (n = 15), and (3) empty defect (n = 15). Twelve weeks after bilateral ovariectomy and multi-deficient diet, a 4 mm wedge-shaped fracture-defect was created at the metaphyseal area of the left femur in all animals. The originated fracture-defect was substituted with pS100 or pS100G10 or left empty. After six weeks, histomorphometrical analysis revealed a statistically significant higher bone volume/tissue volume ratio in the pS100G10 group compared to the pS100 (p = 0.03) and empty defect groups (p = 0.0001), indicating enhanced osteoconductivity with the incorporation of MBG. Immunohistochemistry revealed a significant decrease in the RANKL/OPG ratio for pS100 (p = 0.004) and pS100G10 (p = 0.003) compared to the empty defect group. pS100G10 showed a statistically higher expression of BMP-2. In addition, a statistically significant higher gene expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin, collagen1a1, collagen10a1 with a simultaneous decrease in RANKL, and carbonic anhydrase was seen in the pS100 and pS100G10 groups compared to the empty defect group. Mass spectrometric imaging by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) showed the release of Sr2+ ions from both pS100 and pS100G10, with a gradient into the interface region. ToF-SIMS imaging also revealed that resorption of the MBG particles allowed for new bone formation in cement pores. In summary, the current work shows better bone formation of the injectable pasty strontium-containing calcium phosphate bone cement with incorporated mesoporous bioactive glass compared to the bioactive-free bone cement and empty defects and can be considered for clinical application for osteopenic fracture defects in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seemun Ray
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Ulrich Thormann
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Inga Kramer
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Ursula Sommer
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Matthäus Budak
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schumacher
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Christine Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (C.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Christian Heiss
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin S. Lips
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (M.S.); (A.B.); (A.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Volker Alt
- Laboratory of Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus Liebig University, 35390 Giessen, Germany; (S.R.); (U.T.); (I.K.); (U.S.); (M.B.); (C.H.); (K.S.L.)
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Giessen-Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, 35390 Giessen, Germany
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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10
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Ahlfeld T, Lode A, Placht AM, Fecht T, Wolfram T, Grom S, Hoess A, Vater C, Bräuer C, Heinemann S, Lauer G, Reinauer F, Gelinsky M. A comparative analysis of 3D printed scaffolds consisting of poly(lactic- co-glycolic) acid and different bioactive mineral fillers: aspects of degradation and cytocompatibility. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:5590-5604. [PMID: 37403758 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm02071h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Their excellent mechanical properties, degradability and suitability for processing by 3D printing technologies make the thermoplastic polylactic acid and its derivatives favourable candidates for biomaterial-based bone regeneration therapies. In this study, we investigated whether bioactive mineral fillers, which are known to promote bone healing based on their dissolution products, can be integrated into a poly(L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLLA-PGA) matrix and how key characteristics of degradation and cytocompatibility are influenced. The polymer powder was mixed with particles of CaCO3, SrCO3, strontium-modified hydroxyapatite (SrHAp) or tricalcium phosphates (α-TCP, β-TCP) in a mass ratio of 90 : 10; the resulting composite materials have been successfully processed into scaffolds by the additive manufacturing method Arburg Plastic Freeforming (APF). Degradation of the composite scaffolds was investigated in terms of dimensional change, bioactivity, ion (calcium, phosphate, strontium) release/uptake and pH development during long-term (70 days) incubation. The mineral fillers influenced the degradation behavior of the scaffolds to varying degrees, with the calcium phosphate phases showing a clear buffer effect and an acceptable dimensional increase. The amount of 10 wt% SrCO3 or SrHAp particles did not appear to be appropriate to release a sufficient amount of strontium ions to exert a biological effect in vitro. Cell culture experiments with the human osteosarcoma cell line SAOS-2 and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSC) indicated the high cytocompatibility of the composites: For all material groups cell spreading and complete colonization of the scaffolds over the culture period of 14 days as well as an increase of the specific alkaline phosphatase activity, typical for osteogenic differentiation, were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tilman Ahlfeld
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Anna-Maria Placht
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Tatjana Fecht
- Karl Leibinger Medizintechnik GmbH & Co. KG (KLS Martin Group), Germany
| | - Tobias Wolfram
- Karl Leibinger Medizintechnik GmbH & Co. KG (KLS Martin Group), Germany
| | - Stefanie Grom
- Karl Leibinger Medizintechnik GmbH & Co. KG (KLS Martin Group), Germany
| | | | - Corina Vater
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Christian Bräuer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Günter Lauer
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Frank Reinauer
- Karl Leibinger Medizintechnik GmbH & Co. KG (KLS Martin Group), Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
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11
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Kontogianni GI, Coelho C, Gauthier R, Fiorilli S, Quadros P, Vitale-Brovarone C, Chatzinikolaidou M. Osteogenic Potential of Nano-Hydroxyapatite and Strontium-Substituted Nano-Hydroxyapatite. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1881. [PMID: 37368310 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHA) is the major mineral component of bone. It is highly biocompatible, osteoconductive, and forms strong bonds with native bone, making it an excellent material for bone regeneration. However, enhanced mechanical properties and biological activity for nanoHA can be achieved through enrichment with strontium ions. Here, nanoHA and nanoHA with a substitution degree of 50 and 100% of calcium with strontium ions (Sr-nanoHA_50 and Sr-nanoHA_100, respectively) were produced via wet chemical precipitation using calcium, strontium, and phosphorous salts as starting materials. The materials were evaluated for their cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential in direct contact with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblastic cells. All three nanoHA-based materials were cytocompatible, featured needle-shaped nanocrystals, and had enhanced osteogenic activity in vitro. The Sr-nanoHA_100 indicated a significant increase in the alkaline phosphatase activity at day 14 compared to the control. All three compositions revealed significantly higher calcium and collagen production up to 21 days in culture compared to the control. Gene expression analysis exhibited, for all three nanoHA compositions, a significant upregulation of osteonectin and osteocalcin on day 14 and of osteopontin on day 7 compared to the control. The highest osteocalcin levels were found for both Sr-substituted compounds on day 14. These results demonstrate the great osteoinductive potential of the produced compounds, which can be exploited to treat bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rémy Gauthier
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
- CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, UMR 5510, MATEIS, F-69621 Villeur-banne, France
| | - Sonia Fiorilli
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Maria Chatzinikolaidou
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Institute for Electronic Structure and Laser (IESL), 70013 Heraklion, Greece
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12
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Biodegradable Cements for Bone Regeneration. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:jfb14030134. [PMID: 36976058 PMCID: PMC10056236 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14030134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone cements such as polymethyl methacrylate and calcium phosphates have been widely used for the reconstruction of bone. Despite their remarkable clinical success, the low degradation rate of these materials hampers a broader clinical use. Matching the degradation rate of the materials with neo bone formation remains a challenge for bone-repairing materials. Moreover, questions such as the mechanism of degradation and how the composition of the materials contribute to the degradation property remain unanswered. Therefore, the review provides an overview of currently used biodegradable bone cements such as calcium phosphates (CaP), calcium sulfates and organic-inorganic composites. The possible degradation mechanism and clinical performance of the biodegradable cements are summarized. This paper reviews up-to-date research and applications of biodegradable cements, hoping to provide researchers in the field with inspirations and references.
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13
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Chen L, Zeng Z, Li W. Poly(acrylic acid)-Assisted Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Type I Collagen: A Review. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200827. [PMID: 36662644 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The mineralization of type I collagen is a biological process occurring in vertebrates by which some hard tissues such as bone and dentin are constructed. Due to the extensive clinical needs for bone defect repair and remineralization of mineral-depleted dentin, biomimetic mineralization of collagen is attracting more and more interests. Synthetic analogs of noncollagenous proteins are necessary for directing the in vitro mineralization. In this paper, the function and mechanism of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) in regulating the mineralization, especially intrafibrillar mineralization (IM) of collagen are reviewed. As two mineralization patterns (extrafibrillar and intrafibrillar) co-exist in natural hard tissues, differences between them in terms of microstructure, biodegradation, cytocompatibility, osteoinduction in vitro, and performance in vivo are systematically compared. Then the roles of PAA in biomimetic collagen IM within one-analog and two-analog systems are discussed, respectively. Moreover, mineralization of some self-mineralizable collagen matrices is described. Due to the interactions between collagen and PAA play a crucial role in the processes of collagen mineralization, some reference researches are also provided involving the collagen/PAA interactions in some other fields. Finally, this review is ended with an outlook for future potential improvements based on the collection of existing bottlenecks in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Bio-medical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyong Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
| | - Wenbing Li
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, P. R. China
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14
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Chen F, Tian L, Pu X, Zeng Q, Xiao Y, Chen X, Zhang X. Enhanced ectopic bone formation by strontium-substituted calcium phosphate ceramics through regulation of osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:5925-5937. [PMID: 36043373 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00348a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To explore how strontium influences osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis during material-induced ectopic bone formation, porous strontium-substituted biphasic calcium phosphate (Sr-BCP) and BCP ceramics with equivalent pore structures and comparable grain size and porosity were prepared. In vitro results showed that compared with BCP, Sr-BCP inhibited the osteoclastic differentiation of osteoclast precursors by delaying cell fusion, down-regulating the expression of osteoclast marker genes, and reducing the activity of osteoclast specific proteins, possibly due to the activated ERK signaling pathway but the suppressed p38, JNK and AKT signaling pathways. Meanwhile, Sr-BCP promoted the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by up-regulating the osteogenic gene expression. Sr-BCP also mediated the expression of important osteoblast-osteoclast coupling factors, as evidenced by the increased Opg/Rankl ratio in mMSCs, and the reduced Rank expression and enhanced EphrinB2 expression in osteoclast precursors. Similar results were observed in an in vivo study based on a murine intramuscular implantation model. The sign of ectopic bone formation was only seen in Sr-BCP at 8 weeks. Compared to BCP, Sr-BCP obviously hindered the formation of TRAP- and CTSK-positive multinucleated osteoclast-like cells during the early implantation time up to 6 weeks, which is consistent with the in vivo PCR results. This suggested that Sr-BCP could clearly accelerate the ectopic bone formation by promoting osteogenesis but suppressing osteoclastogenesis, which might be closely related to the expression of osteoblast-osteoclast coupling factors regulated by Sr2+. These findings may help in the design and fabrication of smart bone substitutes with the desired potential for bone regeneration through modulating both osteoclastic resorption and osteoblastic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Luoqiang Tian
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Ximing Pu
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Yumei Xiao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xuening Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China.
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15
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You J, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. Strontium Functionalized in Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering: A Prominent Role in Osteoimmunomodulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:928799. [PMID: 35875505 PMCID: PMC9298737 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.928799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of bone tissue engineering bio-scaffold materials by adding metallic ions to improve bone healing have been extensively explored in the past decades. Strontium a non-radioactive element, as an essential osteophilic trace element for the human body, has received widespread attention in the medical field due to its superior biological properties of inhibiting bone resorption and promoting osteogenesis. As the concept of osteoimmunology developed, the design of orthopedic biomaterials has gradually shifted from “immune-friendly” to “immunomodulatory” with the aim of promoting bone healing by modulating the immune microenvironment through implanted biomaterials. The process of bone healing can be regarded as an immune-induced procedure in which immune cells can target the effector cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, osteocytes, and osteoprogenitor cells through paracrine mechanisms, affecting pathological alveolar bone resorption and physiological bone regeneration. As a kind of crucial immune cell, macrophages play a critical role in the early period of wound repair and host defense after biomaterial implantation. Despite Sr-doped biomaterials being increasingly investigated, how extracellular Sr2+ guides the organism toward favorable osteogenesis by modulating macrophages in the bone tissue microenvironment has rarely been studied. This review focuses on recent knowledge that the trace element Sr regulates bone regeneration mechanisms through the regulation of macrophage polarization, which is significant for the future development of Sr-doped bone repair materials. We will also summarize the primary mechanism of Sr2+ in bone, including calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) and osteogenesis-related signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqian You
- Department of Oral Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanmin Zhou
- Department of Oral Implantology, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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16
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Wirsig K, Kilian D, von Witzleben M, Gelinsky M, Bernhardt A. Impact of Sr 2+ and hypoxia on 3D triple cultures of primary human osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts. Eur J Cell Biol 2022; 101:151256. [PMID: 35839696 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2022.151256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An in vitro bone triple culture involving human primary osteoblasts, osteocytes and osteoclasts enables the investigation of bone healing factors, drugs or biomaterials in a model system for native bone tissue. The present study analyses the impact of Sr2+ as well as hypoxic cultivation (5% O2 content or chemically induced by Co2+) on bone cells. The three cell types were cultivated together in the presence of 100 µM Sr2+, hypoxic conditions or in the presence of 75 µM Co2+. After cultivation the cell types were separated and analysed on mRNA and protein level individually. In response to Sr2+ osteoblasts showed a downregulation of IBSP expression and a stimulation of ALP activity. Osteocyte gene marker expression of PDPN, MEPE, RANKL, OPG, osteocalcin and likewise the amount of secreted osteocalcin was reduced in the presence of Sr2+. Activity of osteoclast-specific enzymes TRAP and CAII was enhanced compared to the Sr2+ free control. Hypoxic conditions induced by both 5% O2 or a Co2+ treatment led to decreased DNA content of all bone cells and downregulated expression of osteoblast markers ALPL and IBSP as well as osteocyte markers PDPN, RANKL and OPG. In addition, Co2+ induced hypoxia decreased gene and protein expression of osteocalcin in osteocytes. In response to the Co2+ treatment, the TRAP gene expression and activity was increased. This study is the first to analyse the effects of Sr2+ or hypoxia on triple cultures with primary human bone cells. The investigated in vitro bone model might be suitable to reduce animal experiments in early stages of biomaterial and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Wirsig
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - David Kilian
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Max von Witzleben
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint, and Soft Tissue Research, Technische Universität Dresden, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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17
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Kern C, Pauli A, Rohnke M. Determination of Sr 2+ mobility in viscous bovine bone marrow by cryo-time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9300. [PMID: 35312121 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE In osteoporosis research, strontium ions (Sr2+ ) have emerged as promising therapeutic agent in modified bone cements for better fracture healing. Modeling of Sr2+ dispersion in bone could be used as a predictive tool for the evaluation of functionalized biomaterials in future. Therefore, determination of experimental parameters for Sr2+ transport in bone is essential. In this study, we focus on the determination of Sr2+ diffusion in viscous bovine bone marrow by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS). METHODS For this comparatively fast diffusion (FD) experiment, a specific experimental protocol of ToF-SIMS depth profiling under cryogenic conditions was developed. The validity of our experimental approach is proven by a time-dependent experimental series. Furthermore, 2D and 3D mass spectrometric imaging analysis was used to study Sr2+ surface and bulk distribution within bovine bone marrow. RESULTS Detailed 2D and 3D mass spectrometric imaging analysis revealed that Sr2+ diffusion is slower in bone marrow areas with high intensity of lipid and fatty acid signals than in areas with less lipid content. The Sr2+ transport within this passive model can be described by Fickian diffusion. Average diffusion coefficients of Sr2+ in bovine bone marrow were obtained from diffusion profiles in FD areas (Dbovine,FD = [2.09 ± 2.39]·10-9 cm2 s-1 ), slow diffusion areas (Dbovine,SD = [1.52 ± 1.80]·10-10 cm2 s-1 ), and total area diffusion (Dbovine,TA = [1.94 ± 2.40]·10-9 cm2 s-1 ). CONCLUSIONS We were able to show that cryo-ToF-SIMS is a useful tool for the characterization of rapid diffusion in water-containing highly viscous media. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported experimental approach for the investigation of the distribution of low concentrated therapeutic agents in bone marrow. Overall, our results provide important insights about Sr2+ diffusion in bovine bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anna Pauli
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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18
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Borciani G, Ciapetti G, Vitale-Brovarone C, Baldini N. Strontium Functionalization of Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering Purposes: A Biological Point of View. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15051724. [PMID: 35268956 PMCID: PMC8911212 DOI: 10.3390/ma15051724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Strontium (Sr) is a trace element taken with nutrition and found in bone in close connection to native hydroxyapatite. Sr is involved in a dual mechanism of coupling the stimulation of bone formation with the inhibition of bone resorption, as reported in the literature. Interest in studying Sr has increased in the last decades due to the development of strontium ranelate (SrRan), an orally active agent acting as an anti-osteoporosis drug. However, the use of SrRan was subjected to some limitations starting from 2014 due to its negative side effects on the cardiac safety of patients. In this scenario, an interesting perspective for the administration of Sr is the introduction of Sr ions in biomaterials for bone tissue engineering (BTE) applications. This strategy has attracted attention thanks to its positive effects on bone formation, alongside the reduction of osteoclast activity, proven by in vitro and in vivo studies. The purpose of this review is to go through the classes of biomaterials most commonly used in BTE and functionalized with Sr, i.e., calcium phosphate ceramics, bioactive glasses, metal-based materials, and polymers. The works discussed in this review were selected as representative for each type of the above-mentioned categories, and the biological evaluation in vitro and/or in vivo was the main criterion for selection. The encouraging results collected from the in vitro and in vivo biological evaluations are outlined to highlight the potential applications of materials’ functionalization with Sr as an osteopromoting dopant in BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Borciani
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-051-6366748
| | - Gabriela Ciapetti
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
- Laboratory for Nanobiotechnology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Vitale-Brovarone
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Torino, Italy;
| | - Nicola Baldini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
- Biomedical Science and Technologies Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy;
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19
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Kern C, Jamous R, El Khassawna T, Rohnke M. Characterisation of Sr 2+ mobility in osteoporotic rat bone marrow by cryo-ToF-SIMS and cryo-OrbiSIMS. Analyst 2022; 147:4141-4157. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00913g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric imaging approach for ex vivo monitoring of drug transport in bone sections. Cryo-ToF-SIMS depth profiling and high-resolution imaging as well as OrbiSIMS analysis revealed inhomogeneous Sr2+ transport in rat bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Reem Jamous
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Thaqif El Khassawna
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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20
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Miao Q, Jiang N, Yang Q, Hussein IM, Luo Z, Wang L, Yang S. Multi-stage controllable degradation of strontium-doped calcium sulfate hemihydrate-tricalcium phosphate microsphere composite as a substitute for osteoporotic bone defect repairing: degradation behavior and bone response. Biomed Mater 2021; 17. [PMID: 34905745 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac4323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Various requirements for the repair of complex bone defects have motivated to development of scaffolds with adjustable degradation rates and biological functions. Tricalcium phosphate (TCP) and calcium sulfate are the most commonly used bone repair materials in the clinic, how to better combine TCP and calcium sulfate and play their greatest advantages in the repair of osteoporotic bone defect is the focus of our research. In this study, a series of scaffolds with multistage-controlled degradation properties composed of strontium-doped calcium sulfate (SrCSH) and strontium-doped tricalcium phosphate (Sr-TCP) microspheres scaffolds were prepared, and their osteogenic activity,in vivodegradation and bone regeneration ability in tibia of osteoporotic rats were evaluated.In vitrostudies revealed that different components of SrCSH/Sr-TCP scaffolds significantly promoted the proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells, which showed a good osteogenic induction activity.In vivodegradation results showed that the degradation time of composite scaffolds could be controlled in a large range (6-12 months) by controlling the porosity and phase composition of Sr-TCP microspheres. The results of osteoporotic femoral defect repair showed that when the degradation rate of scaffold matched with the growth rate of new bone, the parameters such as bone mineral density, bone volume/total volume ratio, trabecular thickness, angiogenesis marker platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 and new bone formation marker osteocalcin expression were higher, which promoted the rapid repair of osteoporotic bone defects. On the contrary, the slow degradation rate of scaffolds hindered the growth of new bone to a certain extent. This study elucidates the importance of the degradation rate of scaffolds for the repair of osteoporotic bone defects, and the design considerations can be extended to other bone repair materials, which is expected to provide new ideas for the development of tissue engineering materials in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuju Miao
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinmeng Yang
- Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Guangzhou Orthopaedic Hospital, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ismail Mohamed Hussein
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Luo
- Pingshan District people's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenyu Yang
- Medical 3D Printing Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
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21
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Calcium phosphate-based materials regulate osteoclast-mediated osseointegration. Bioact Mater 2021; 6:4517-4530. [PMID: 34632163 PMCID: PMC8484898 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate-based materials (CaP) have been widely used as bone graft substitutes with a decent osseointegration. However, the mechanism whereby cells function and repair the bone defect in CaP micro-environment is still elusive. The aim of this study is to find the mechanism how osteoclast behaviors mediate bone healing with CaP scaffolds. Recent reports show that behaviors of osteoclast are closely related with osteogenesis, thus we make a hypothesis that active osteoclast behaviors induced by CaP facilitate bone healing. Here, we found a new mechanism that CaP can regulate osteoclast-mediated osseointegration. Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is selected as a representative CaP. We demonstrate that the osteoclast-mediated osseointegration can be strongly modulated by the stimulation with CaP. An appropriate Ca/P ratio in CaP can effectively promote the RANKL-RANK binding and evoke more activated NF-κB signaling transduction, which results in vigorous osteoclast differentiation. We observe significant improvement of bone healing in vivo, owing to the active coupling effect of osteoclasts. What is more noteworthy is that the phosphate ions released from CaP can be a pivotal role regulating osteoclast activity by changing Ca/P ratio readily in materials. These studies suggest the potential of harnessing osteoclast-mediated osteogenesis in order to develop a materials-manipulated approach for improving osseointegration. Calcium phosphate-based materials (CaP) can directly participate in bone healing by released ions. Excessive phosphate ions released from CaP can inhibit the affinity of RANKL and RANK. Altering Ca/P ratio in CaP can significantly regulate osteoclast differentiation and function through RANKL-RANK dependent NF-κB signaling pathway.
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22
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de Melo Pereira D, Davison N, Habibović P. Human osteoclast formation and resorptive function on biomineralized collagen. Bioact Mater 2021; 8:241-252. [PMID: 34541399 PMCID: PMC8424427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomineralized collagen composite materials pose an intriguing alternative to current synthetic bone graft substitutes by offering a biomimetic composition that closely resembles native bone. We hypothesize that this composite can undergo cellular resorption and remodeling similar to natural bone. We investigate the formation and activity of human osteoclasts cultured on biomineralized collagen and pure collagen membranes in comparison to cortical bone slices. Human monocytes/macrophages from peripheral blood differentiate into multinucleated, tartrate-resistant alkaline phosphatase (TRAP)-positive osteoclast-like cells on all substrates. These cells form clear actin rings on cortical bone, but not on biomineralized collagen or pure collagen membranes. Osteoclasts form resorption pits in cortical bone, resulting in higher calcium ion concentration in cell culture medium; however, osteoclast resorption of biomineralized collagen and collagen membranes does not measurably occur. Activity of osteoclast enzymes – TRAP, carbonic anhydrase II (CA-II), and cathepsin-K (CTS-K) – is similar on all substrates, despite phenotypic differences in actin ring formation and resorption. The mesh-like structure, relatively low stiffness, and lack of RGD-containing binding domains are likely the factors responsible for preventing formation of stable actin rings on and resorption of (biomineralized) collagen membranes. This insight helps to guide further research toward the optimized design of biomineralized collagen composites as a more biomimetic bone-graft substitute. Human osteoclasts differentiated on biomineralized collagen, but no resorption occured. Porous surface of fibrillary collagen and lack of RGD ligands to the vitronectin receptor likely prevented osteoclast resorption. Quantification of resorption on uneven surfaces in comparison with bone was possible with 3D laser microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel de Melo Pereira
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Noel Davison
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Pamela Habibović
- Department of Instructive Biomaterials Engineering, MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Maastricht University, 6229 ER, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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23
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Review on material parameters to enhance bone cell function in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:2039-2050. [PMID: 32940685 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone plays critical roles in support, protection, movement, and metabolism. Although bone has an innate capacity for regeneration, this capacity is limited, and many bone injuries and diseases require intervention. Biomaterials are a critical component of many treatments to restore bone function and include non-resorbable implants to augment bone and resorbable materials to guide regeneration. Biomaterials can vary considerably in their biocompatibility and bioactivity, which are functions of specific material parameters. The success of biomaterials in bone augmentation and regeneration is based on their effects on the function of bone cells. Such functions include adhesion, migration, inflammation, proliferation, communication, differentiation, resorption, and vascularization. This review will focus on how different material parameters can enhance bone cell function both in vitro and in vivo.
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24
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The Influence of Strontium on Bone Tissue Metabolism and Its Application in Osteoporosis Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126564. [PMID: 34207344 PMCID: PMC8235140 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic disease characterized by low bone mass caused by increased bone turnover and impaired bone microarchitecture. In treatment, we use antiresorptive or anabolic drugs, which usually have a unidirectional effect, i.e., they inhibit the activity of osteoclasts or stimulate the effect of osteoblasts. Strontium ranelate is an anti-osteoporosis drug with a unique mechanism of action (used primarily in postmenopausal women). Unlike other medicines, it has a multidirectional effect on bone tissue, intensifying osteoblastogenesis while inhibiting osteoclastogenesis. It turns out that this effect is demonstrated by strontium ions, an element showing physical and chemical similarity to calcium, the basic element that builds the mineral fraction of bone. As a result, strontium acts through the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) receptor in bone tissue cells. In recent years, there has been a significant increase in interest in the introduction of strontium ions in place of calcium ions in ceramics used as bone replacement materials for the treatment of bone fractures and defects caused by osteoporosis. The aim of this study was to summarize current knowledge about the role of strontium in the treatment of osteoporosis, its effects (in various forms), and the ways in which it is administered.
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25
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Nanostructured Strontium-Doped Calcium Phosphate Cements: A Multifactorial Design. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11052075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been extensively studied in last decades as nanostructured biomaterials for the regeneration of bone defects, both for dental and orthopedic applications. However, the precise control of their handling properties (setting time, viscosity, and injectability) still represents a remarkable challenge because a complicated adjustment of multiple correlated processing parameters is requested, including powder particle size and the chemical composition of solid and liquid components. This study proposes, for the first time, a multifactorial investigation about the effects of powder and liquid variation on the final performance of Sr-doped apatitic CPCs, based on the Design of Experiment approach. In addition, the effects of two mixing techniques, hand spatula (low-energy) and planetary shear mixing (high-energy), on viscosity and extrusion force were compared. This work aims to shed light on the various steps involved in the processing of CPCs, thus enabling a more precise and tailored design of the device, based on the clinical need.
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26
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Heinemann C, Adam J, Kruppke B, Hintze V, Wiesmann HP, Hanke T. How to Get Them off?-Assessment of Innovative Techniques for Generation and Detachment of Mature Osteoclasts for Biomaterial Resorption Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031329. [PMID: 33572748 PMCID: PMC7865995 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The fusion process of mononuclear monocytes into multinuclear osteoclasts in vitro is an essential process for the study of osteoclastic resorption of biomaterials. Thereby biomaterials offer many influencing factors such as sample shape, material composition, and surface topography, which can have a decisive influence on the fusion and thus the entire investigation. For the specific investigation of resorption, it can therefore be advantageous to skip the fusion on samples and use mature, predifferentiated osteoclasts directly. However, most conventional detachment methods (cell scraper, accutase), lead to a poor survival rate of osteoclasts or to a loss of function of the cells after their reseeding. In the present study different conventional and novel methods of detachment in combination with different culture surfaces were investigated to obtain optimal osteoclast differentiation, yield, and vitality rates without loss of function. The innovative method-using thermoresponsive surfaces for cultivation and detachment-was found to be best suited. This is in particular due to its ability to maintain osteoclast activity, as proven by TRAP 5b-, CTSK-activity and resorption pits on dentin discs and decellularized osteoblast-derived matrix plates. In conclusion, it is shown, that osteoclasts can be predifferentiated on cell culture dishes and transferred to a reference biomaterial under preservation of osteoclastic resorption activity, providing biomaterial researchers with a novel tool for material characterization.
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27
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Heid S, Boccaccini AR. Advancing bioinks for 3D bioprinting using reactive fillers: A review. Acta Biomater 2020; 113:1-22. [PMID: 32622053 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The growing demand for personalized implants and tissue scaffolds requires advanced biomaterials and processing strategies for the fabrication of three-dimensional (3D) structures mimicking the complexity of the extracellular matrix. During the last years, biofabrication approaches like 3D printing of cell-laden (soft) hydrogels have been gaining increasing attention to design such 3D functional environments which resemble natural tissues (and organs). However, often these polymeric hydrogels show poor stability and low printing fidelity and hence various approaches in terms of multi-material mixtures are being developed to enhance pre- and post-printing features as well as cytocompatibility and post-printing cellular development. Additionally, bioactive properties improve the binding to the surrounding (host) tissue at the implantation site. In this review we focus on the state-of-the-art of a particular type of heterogeneous bioinks, which are composed of polymeric hydrogels incorporating inorganic bioactive fillers. Such systems include isotropic and anisotropic silicates like bioactive glasses and nanoclays or calcium-phosphates like hydroxyapatite (HAp), which provide in-situ crosslinking effects and add extra functionality to the matrix, for example mineralization capability. The present review paper discusses in detail such bioactive composite bioink systems based on the available literature, revealing that a great variety has been developed with substantially improved bioprinting characteristics, in comparison to the pure hydrogel counterparts, and enabling high viability of printed cells. The analysis of the results of the published studies demonstrates that bioactive fillers are a promising addition to hydrogels to print stable 3D constructs for regeneration of tissues. Progress and challenges of the development and applications of such composite bioink approaches are discussed and avenues for future research in the field are presented. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biofabrication, involving the processing of biocompatible hydrogels including cells (bioinks), is being increasingly applied for developing complex tissue and organ mimicking structures. A variety of multi-material bioinks is being investigated to bioprint 3D constructs showing shape stability and long-term biological performance. Composite hydrogel bioinks incorporating inorganic bioreactive fillers for 3D bioprinting are the subject of this review paper. Results reported in the literature highlight the effect of bioactive fillers on bioink properties, printability and on cell behavior during and after printing and provide important information for optimizing the design of future bioinks for biofabrication, exploiting the extra functionalities provided by inorganic fillers. Further functionalization with drugs/growth factors can target enhanced printability and local drug release for more specialized biomedical therapies.
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28
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Yang L, Chen S, Shang T, Zhao R, Yuan B, Zhu X, Raucci MG, Yang X, Zhang X, Santin M, Ambrosio L. Complexation of Injectable Biphasic Calcium Phosphate with Phosphoserine-Presenting Dendrons with Enhanced Osteoregenerative Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37873-37884. [PMID: 32687309 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Injectable biphasic calcium phosphates have been proposed as a solution in the treatment of a range of clinical applications including as fillers in the augmentation of osteoporotic bone. To date, various biodegradable natural or synthetic organics have been used as a polymer component of bone materials to increase their cohesiveness. Herein, a novel bone material was developed combining osteoconductive biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) nanoparticles with phosphoserine-tethered generation 3 poly(epsilon-lysine) dendron (G3-K PS), a class of hyperbranched peptides previously shown to induce biomineralization and stem cell osteogenic differentiation. Strontium was also incorporated into the BCP nanocrystals (SrBCP) to prevent bone resorption. Within 24 h, an antiwashout behavior was observed in G3-K PS-integrated pure BCP group (BCPG3). Moreover, both in vitro tests by relevant cell phenotypes and an in vivo tissue regeneration study by an osteoporotic animal bone implantation showed that the integration of G3-K PS would downregulate Cxcl9 gene and protein expressions, thus enhancing bone regeneration measured as bone mineral density, new bone volume ratio, and trabecular microarchitectural parameters. However, no synergistic effect was found when Sr was incorporated into the BCPG3 bone pastes. Notably, results indicated a concomitant reduction of bone regeneration potential assessed as reduced Runx2 and PINP expression when bone resorptive RANKL and CTX-I levels were reduced by Sr supplementation. Altogether, the results suggest the potential of injectable BCPG3 bone materials in the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tieliang Shang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB)-National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Xiao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Matteo Santin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB)-National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80125 Naples, Italy
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29
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Montagna G, Cristofaro F, Fassina L, Bruni G, Cucca L, Kochen A, Divieti Pajevic P, Bragdon B, Visai L, Gerstenfeld L. An in vivo Comparison Study Between Strontium Nanoparticles and rhBMP2. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:499. [PMID: 32612980 PMCID: PMC7308719 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The osteoinductive property of strontium was repeatedly proven in the last decades. Compelling in vitro data demonstrated that strontium hydroxyapatite nanoparticles exert a dual action, by promoting osteoblasts-driven matrix secretion and inhibiting osteoclasts-driven matrix resorption. Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) is a powerful osteoinductive biologic, used for the treatment of vertebral fractures and critically-sized bone defects. Although effective, the use of rhBMP2 has limitations due its recombinant morphogen nature. In this study, we examined the comparison between two osteoinductive agents: rhBMP2 and the innovative strontium-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. To test their effectiveness, we independently loaded Gelfoam sponges with the two osteoinductive agents and used the sponges as agent-carriers. Gelfoam are FDA-approved biodegradable medical devices used as delivery system for musculoskeletal defects. Their porous structure and spongy morphology make them attractive in orthopedic field. The abiotic characterization of the loaded sponges, involving ion release pattern and structure investigation, was followed by in vivo implantation onto the periosteum of healthy mice and comparison of the effects induced by each implant was performed. Abiotic analysis demonstrated that strontium was continuously released from the sponges over 28 days with a pattern similar to rhBMP2. Histological observations and gene expression analysis showed stronger endochondral ossification elicited by strontium compared to rhBMP2. Osteoclast activity was more inhibited by strontium than by rhBMP2. These results demonstrated the use of sponges loaded with strontium nanoparticles as potential bone grafts might provide better outcomes for complex fractures. Strontium nanoparticles are a novel and effective non-biologic treatment for bone injuries and can be used as novel powerful therapeutics for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Montagna
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Cristofaro
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fassina
- Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giovanna Bruni
- C.S.G.I. Department of Chemistry, Physical-Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lucia Cucca
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alejandro Kochen
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paola Divieti Pajevic
- Department of Translational Dental Medicine, Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Beth Bragdon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Livia Visai
- Department of Molecular Medicine (DMM), Center for Health Technologies (CHT), UdR INSTM, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Occupational Medicine, Toxicology and Environmental Risks, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - Louis Gerstenfeld
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
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Abstract
The present work focuses on the application of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) in osteoporotic bone research. In order to demonstrate the benefit, the authors present concrete application examples of ToF-SIMS in three different areas of bone research. ToF-SIMS as a mass spectrometric imaging technique allows simultaneous visualization of mineralized and nonmineralized bone tissue as well as implanted biomaterials and bone implant interphases. In the first example, the authors show that it is possible to study the incorporation and distribution of different components released from bone filler materials into bone with a single mass spectrometric measurement. This not only enables imaging of nonstained bone cross sections but also provides further insights beyond histologically obtained information. Furthermore, they successfully identified several mass fragments as markers for newly formed cartilage tissue and growth joint in bone. Different modes of ToF-SIMS as well as different SIMS instruments (IONTOF's TOF.SIMS 5 and M6 Hybrid SIMS, Ionoptika's J105) were used to identify these mass signals and highlight the high versatility of this method. In the third part, bone structure of cortical rat bone was investigated from bone sections embedded in technovit (polymethyl methacrylate, PMMA) and compared to cryosections. In cortical bone, they were able to image different morphological features, e.g., concentric arrangement of collagen fibers in so-called osteons as well as Haversian canals and osteocytes. In summary, the study provides examples of application and shows the strength of ToF-SIMS as a promising analytical method in the field of osteoporotic bone research.
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Heng S, Lu Z, Liu Q, Jiang T, He M, Song F, Zhao J, Zheng L. Injectable calcium phosphate ceramics prevent osteoclastic differentiation and osteoporotic bone loss: Potential applications for regional osteolysis. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 110:110691. [PMID: 32204116 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Calcium phosphates (CaPs) in the form of blocks are typically not satisfied for administration to osteoporotic patients because of their rapid resorption rate in vivo. However, injectable CaP powders have not been investigated for their potential in osteoporotic hosts. Herein, CaPs in the form of nanoparticles was reported can inhibit RANKL-stimulated osteoclastic differentiation (OC) and bone resorption, as evidenced by suppressed TRAP-positive cells, disintegrated F-actin rings and downregulated expression of markers for OC. CaP powders also significantly inhibited nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) activation. Furthermore, injectable CaPs reversed bone loss in a mouse model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and promoted osteoblastic formation in the absent of pro-osteogenic agents. Therefore, injectable CaPs, especially biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), could be developed as novel agents for the therapy of osteolysis-related diseases caused by inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujun Heng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zhenhui Lu
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Tongmeng Jiang
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Mingwei He
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Fangming Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Jinmin Zhao
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine & International Joint Laboratory on Regeneration of Bone and Soft Tissue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| | - Li Zheng
- Guangxi Engineering Center in Biomedical Materials for Tissue and Organ Regeneration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
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Schmidt R, Gebert A, Schumacher M, Hoffmann V, Voss A, Pilz S, Uhlemann M, Lode A, Gelinsky M. Electrodeposition of Sr-substituted hydroxyapatite on low modulus beta-type Ti-45Nb and effect on in vitro Sr release and cell response. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 108:110425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Chandran S, John A. Osseointegration of osteoporotic bone implants: Role of stem cells, Silica and Strontium - A concise review. J Clin Orthop Trauma 2019; 10:S32-S36. [PMID: 31695257 PMCID: PMC6823697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporotic fracture treatment has become a skeletal reconstructive challenge due to accelerated bone turnover and impaired bone regeneration potential. Poor osseointegration ability of the osteoporotic bone usually results in implant pull out and failure. Adoption of conventional bone fracture treatment strategies like autografts and allografts have limited applications in such pathological conditions. Hence biomaterials functionalised with therapeutic ions or drugs may be adopted to aid the delivery of therapeutic factors at the defect site to promote bone healing and implant integration, towards functional restoration of the fractured bone. This concise review narrates on improving the osseointegration ability of biomaterials using functional ions like Silica and Strontium. Silica based bone substitutes are known to promote bone healing in non pathological conditions. Further, Strontium based drugs show significant effects in the prevention and treatment of osteoporotic bones. In addition, stem cell therapy has become the focus of orthopaedic research attributed to its ability to restore and accelerate the bone healing process, but the clinical application of stem cells in osteoporotic condition is scarce. Present review suggests a novel strategy of combining the therapeutic potential of functional ions like Silica, Strontium and stem cells within a single implant unit to facilitate osseointegration and osteogenesis, so as to reduce the chances of implant rejection/pull out and encourage osteoporotic bone re-union.
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Biomaterial based treatment of osteoclastic/osteoblastic cell imbalance - Gelatin-modified calcium/strontium phosphates. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109933. [PMID: 31499966 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporotic bone represents - particularly in case of fractures - difficult conditions for its regeneration. In the present study, the focus was put on a degradable bone substitute material of gelatin-modified calcium and strontium phosphates facing the special demands of osteoporotic bone. The release of strontium ions from the material ought to stimulate osteoblastogenesis either direct by ion release or indirect after material resorption by increased presence and activity of osteoclasts, which subsequently stimulate osteoblasts. A new porous material was produced from calcium phosphate, strontium phosphate and a mixed phase of calcium/strontium phosphate precipitated in presence of gelatin. Initially, ion release was analyzed in standard‑calcium containing (2.0 mM) and low-calcium (0.4 mM) minimum essential medium. The cultivation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells next to the material led to formation of osteoclast-like cells, able to migrate, fuse, and differentiate. Especially, the mixed gelatin-modified calcium/strontium phosphate allowed osteoclastogenesis as proven morphologically and by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). It was precisely this material that led to the best osteoblastic reaction of human bone marrow stromal cells cultured on the material. The investigations of the bone substitute material indicate active involvement in the balance of cells of the bone morphogenetic unit.
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Richter RF, Ahlfeld T, Gelinsky M, Lode A. Development and Characterization of Composites Consisting of Calcium Phosphate Cements and Mesoporous Bioactive Glass for Extrusion-Based Fabrication. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2022. [PMID: 31238538 PMCID: PMC6630970 DOI: 10.3390/ma12122022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) and mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBG) are two degradable biomaterial groups widely under investigation concerning their applicability to treat bone defects. MBG-CPC composites were recently shown to possess enhanced degradation properties in comparison to pure CPC. In addition, modification of MBG allows an easy incorporation of therapeutically effective ions. Additive manufacturing of such composites enables the fabrication of patient-specific geometries with further improved degradation behavior due to control over macroporosity. In this study, we developed composites prepared from a non-aqueous carrier-liquid (cl) based CPC paste and MBG particles suitable for extrusion-based additive manufacturing (3D plotting). CPC with the addition of up to 10 wt % MBG were processible by adjusting the amount of cl. Scaffolds consisting of a 4, 6 and 8%-MBG-CPC composite were successfully manufactured by 3D plotting. While mechanically characterization of the scaffolds showed an influence of the MBG, no changes of microstructure were observed. During degradation of the composite, the release of Ca2+ and Sr2+ ions could be controlled by the MBG composition and plotted scaffolds with macropores showed a significant higher release than bulk samples of comparable mass. These findings demonstrate a high flexibility regarding ion release of the developed composites and suggest utilizing the drug binding capacities of MBG as a prospective delivery system for biologically active proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Frank Richter
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Tilman Ahlfeld
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
| | - Anja Lode
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany.
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36
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Quade M, Vater C, Schlootz S, Bolte J, Langanke R, Bretschneider H, Gelinsky M, Goodman SB, Zwingenberger S. Strontium enhances BMP-2 mediated bone regeneration in a femoral murine bone defect model. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2019; 108:174-182. [PMID: 30950569 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The application of strontium is one option for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis-a disease characterized by reduced bone density and quality-in order to reduce the risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. Unlike other drugs used in osteoporosis therapy, strontium shows a dual effect on bone metabolism by attenuating cellular resorption and simultaneously enhancing new bone tissue formation. Current concerns regarding the systemic application of highly dosed strontium ranelate led to the development of strontium-modified scaffolds based on mineralized collagen (MCM) capable to release biologically active Sr2+ ions directly at the fracture site. In this study, we investigated the regenerative potential of these scaffolds. For in vitro investigations, human mesenchymal stromal cells were cultivated on the scaffolds for 21 days (w/ and w/o osteogenic supplements). Biochemical analysis revealed a significant promoting effect on proliferation rate and osteogenic differentiation on strontium-modified scaffolds. In vivo, scaffolds were implanted in a murine segmental bone defect model-partly additionally functionalized with the osteogenic growth factor bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2). After 6 weeks, bridging calluses were obtained in BMP-2 functionalized scaffolds; the quality of the newly formed bone tissue by means of morphological scores was clearly enhanced in strontium-modified scaffolds. Histological analysis revealed increased numbers of osteoblasts and blood vessels, decreased numbers of osteoclasts, and significantly enhanced mechanical properties. These results indicate that the combined release of Sr2+ ions and BMP-2 from the biomimetic scaffolds is a promising strategy to enhance bone regeneration, especially in patients suffering from osteoporosis. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:174-182, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Quade
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Corina Vater
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Saskia Schlootz
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Bolte
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Robert Langanke
- Medical Clinic I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henriette Bretschneider
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stuart B Goodman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Stefan Zwingenberger
- Center for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus at Technische Universität Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
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Panpisut P, Khan MA, Main K, Arshad M, Xia W, Petridis H, Young AM. Polymerization kinetics stability, volumetric changes, apatite precipitation, strontium release and fatigue of novel bone composites for vertebroplasty. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0207965. [PMID: 30883564 PMCID: PMC6422261 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to determine effects of diluent monomer and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) on polymerization kinetics and volumetric stability, apatite precipitation, strontium release and fatigue of novel dual-paste composites for vertebroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS Polypropylene (PPGDMA) or triethylene (TEGDMA) glycol dimethacrylates (25 wt%) diluents were combined with urethane dimethacrylate (70 wt%) and hydroxyethyl methacrylate (5 wt%). 70 wt% filler containing glass particles, glass fibers (20 wt%) and polylysine (5 wt%) was added. Benzoyl peroxide and MCPM (10 or 20 wt%) or N-tolyglycine glycidyl methacrylate and tristrontium phosphate (15 wt%) were included to give initiator or activator pastes. Commercial PMMA (Simplex) and bone composite (Cortoss) were used for comparison. ATR-FTIR was used to determine thermal activated polymerization kinetics of initiator pastes at 50-80°C. Paste stability, following storage at 4-37°C, was assessed visually or through mixed paste polymerization kinetics at 25°C. Polymerization shrinkage and heat generation were calculated from final monomer conversions. Subsequent expansion and surface apatite precipitation in simulated body fluid (SBF) were assessed gravimetrically and via SEM. Strontium release into water was assessed using ICP-MS. Biaxial flexural strength (BFS) and fatigue properties were determined at 37°C after 4 weeks in SBF. RESULTS Polymerization profiles all exhibited an inhibition time before polymerization as predicted by free radical polymerization mechanisms. Initiator paste inhibition times and maximum reaction rates were described well by Arrhenius plots. Plot extrapolation, however, underestimated lower temperature paste stability. Replacement of TEGDMA by PPGDMA, enhanced paste stability, final monomer conversion, water-sorption induced expansion and strontium release but reduced polymerization shrinkage and heat generation. Increasing MCPM level enhanced volume expansion, surface apatite precipitation and strontium release. Although the experimental composite flexural strengths were lower compared to those of commercially available Simplex, the extrapolated low load fatigue lives of all materials were comparable. CONCLUSIONS Increased inhibition times at high temperature give longer predicted shelf-life whilst stability of mixed paste inhibition times is important for consistent clinical application. Increased volumetric stability, strontium release and apatite formation should encourage bone integration. Replacing TEGDMA by PPGDMA and increasing MCPM could therefore increase suitability of the above novel bone composites for vertebroplasty. Long fatigue lives of the composites may also ensure long-term durability of the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyaphong Panpisut
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Muhammad Adnan Khan
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kirsty Main
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mayda Arshad
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Xia
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Haralampos Petridis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Unit of Prosthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Margaret Young
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, United Kingdom
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Kern C, Quade M, Ray S, Thomas J, Schumacher M, Gemming T, Gelinsky M, Alt V, Rohnke M. Investigation of strontium transport and strontium quantification in cortical rat bone by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. J R Soc Interface 2019; 16:20180638. [PMID: 30958183 PMCID: PMC6408337 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation bone implants will be functionalized with drugs for stimulating bone growth. Modelling of drug release by such functionalized biomaterials and drug dispersion into bone can be used as predicting tool for biomaterials testing in future. Therefore, the determination of experimental parameters to describe and simulate drug release in bone is essential. Here, we focus on Sr2+ transport and quantification in cortical rat bone. Sr2+ dose-dependently stimulates bone-building osteoblasts and inhibits bone-resorbing osteoclasts. It should be preferentially applied in the case of bone fracture in the context of osteoporotic bone status. Transport properties of cortical rat bone were investigated by dipping experiments of bone sections in aqueous Sr2+ solution followed by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) depth profiling. Data evaluation was carried out by fitting a suitable mathematical diffusion equation to the experimental data. An average diffusion coefficient of D = (1.68 ± 0.57) · 10-13 cm2 s-1 for healthy cortical bone was obtained. This value differed only slightly from the value of D = (4.30 ± 1.43) · 10-13 cm2 s-1 for osteoporotic cortical bone. Transmission electron microscopy investigations revealed a comparable nano- and ultrastructure for both types of bone status. Additionally, Sr2+-enriched mineralized collagen standards were prepared for ToF-SIMS quantification of Sr2+ content. The obtained calibration curve was used for Sr2+ quantification in cortical and trabecular bone in real bone sections. The results allow important insights regarding the Sr2+ transport properties in healthy and osteoporotic bone and can ultimately be used to perform a simulation of drug release and mobility in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Kern
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Mandy Quade
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Seemun Ray
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Thomas
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Schumacher
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thomas Gemming
- IFW Dresden, Institute for Complex Materials, Helmholtzstrasse 20, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael Gelinsky
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Volker Alt
- Experimental Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Aulweg 128, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Lourenço AH, Torres AL, Vasconcelos DP, Ribeiro-Machado C, Barbosa JN, Barbosa MA, Barrias CC, Ribeiro CC. Osteogenic, anti-osteoclastogenic and immunomodulatory properties of a strontium-releasing hybrid scaffold for bone repair. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 99:1289-1303. [PMID: 30889663 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Strontium (Sr) is known to stimulate osteogenesis, while inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, thus encouraging research on its application as a therapeutic agent for bone repair/regeneration. It has been suggested that it may possess immunomodulatory properties, which might act synergistically in bone repair/regeneration processes. To further explore this hypothesis we have designed a Sr-hybrid system composed of an in situ forming Sr-crosslinked RGD-alginate hydrogel reinforced with Sr-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) microspheres and studied its in vitro osteoinductive behaviour and in vivo inflammatory response. The Sr-hybrid scaffold acts as a dual Sr2+ delivery system, showing a cumulative Sr2+ release of ca. 0.3 mM after 15 days. In vitro studies using Sr2+concentrations within this range (0 to 3 mM Sr2+) confirmed its ability to induce osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC), as well as to reduce osteoclastogenesis and osteoclasts (OC) functionality. In comparison with a similar Sr-free system, the Sr-hybrid system stimulated osteogenic differentiation of MSC, while inhibiting the formation of OC. Implantation in an in vivo model of inflammation, revealed an increase in F4/80+/CD206+ cells, highlighting its ability to modulate the inflammatory response as a pro-resolution mediator, through M2 macrophage polarization. Therefore, the Sr-hybrid system is potentially an appealing biomaterial for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Henriques Lourenço
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Luísa Torres
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Daniela P Vasconcelos
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Ribeiro-Machado
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Judite N Barbosa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Mário A Barbosa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira n. 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina C Ribeiro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200 - 135 Porto, Portugal; ISEP - Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015, Porto, Portugal.
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Meininger S, Moseke C, Spatz K, März E, Blum C, Ewald A, Vorndran E. Effect of strontium substitution on the material properties and osteogenic potential of 3D powder printed magnesium phosphate scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 98:1145-1158. [PMID: 30812998 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
3D powder printing is a versatile method for the fabrication of individual bone implants and was used for the processing of in vivo degradable ceramic scaffolds based on ammonium magnesium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite). In this study, synergetic effects could be achieved by the substitution of magnesium phosphate cements with strontium carbonate. This substitution resulted in 8.2 wt%, 16.4 wt%, and 24.6 wt% Sr2+ doped scaffolds, with a 1.9-3.1 times increased radiopacity compared to pure struvite. The maximal compressive strength of (16.1 ± 1.1) MPa found for strontium substituted magnesium phosphate was in the range of cancelleous bone, which makes these 3D printed structures suitable for medical application in low-load-bearing bone areas. In an ion release study over a course of 18 days, the release of strontium, magnesium, calcium, and phosphate ions from scaffolds was analyzed by means of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Independent of the scaffold composition the Mg2+ concentrations (83-499 mg/l) continuously increased in the cell media. The Sr2+ release varied between 4.3 μg/day and 15.1 μg/day per g scaffold, corresponding to a Sr2+ concentration in media between 1.14 mg/l and 7.24 mg/l. Moreover, decreasing calcium and phosphate concentrations indicated the precipitation of an amorphous calcium phosphate phase. The superior osteogenic properties of strontium substituted magnesium phosphate, e.g. the increase of osteoblast activity and cell number and the simultaneous suppression of osteoclast differentiation could be verified in vitro by means of WST-assay, TRAP-staining, and SEM imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Meininger
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Claus Moseke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen (THM), Gießen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Spatz
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Emilie März
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carina Blum
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Ewald
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Germany
| | - Elke Vorndran
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Germany.
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41
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Wagner AS, Schumacher M, Rohnke M, Glenske K, Gelinsky M, Arnhold S, Mazurek S, Wenisch S. Incorporation of silicon into strontium modified calcium phosphate bone cements promotes osteoclastogenesis of human peripheral mononuclear blood cells. Biomed Mater 2019; 14:025004. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/aaf701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ma F, Ge Y, Liu N, Pang X, Shen X, Tang B. In situ fabrication of a composite hydrogel with tunable mechanical properties for cartilage tissue engineering. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:2463-2473. [DOI: 10.1039/c8tb01331d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A composite hydrogel with tunable mechanical properties has been fabricated and characterized in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenbo Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Yongmei Ge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Nian Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Xiangchao Pang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
- College of Materials Science and Engineering
| | - Xingyu Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
| | - Bin Tang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- Southern University of Science and Technology
- Shenzhen
- P. R. China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research
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Rößler S, Heinemann C, Kruppke B, Wagner AS, Wenisch S, Wiesmann HP, Hanke T. Manipulation of osteoclastogenesis: Bioactive multiphasic silica/collagen composites and their effects of surface and degradation products. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:265-276. [PMID: 30274058 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The intent of the present study was to demonstrate that multiphasic silica/collagen xerogels are able to manipulate cellular processes. These xerogels were prepared by a sol-gel approach allowing the incorporation of mineral phases. The resulting nanocomposites are designed as biomaterial for bone regeneration. Human osteoclasts derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells were cultured both indirectly and directly, either in presence of different xerogel types or on their surface, to investigate the factor with the main influence on osteoclastogenesis. To this end, the incorporation of a third phase to silica/collagen xerogels was used to affect osteoclastogenesis. In cell culture, ambient ion conditions controlled by both the degradation products of the xerogel and the bioactivity-dependent ion release and reprecipitation were shown to have the main effect on osteoclast specific enzyme tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 5b. Late stage of osteoclastogenesis characterized by resorption was strongly dependent on the xerogels composition. Surface chemistry of the xerogels was displayed to play an important role in osteoclast resorption. Biphasic silica/collagen xerogels and triphasic xerogels with calcium carbonate offered widespread resorbed areas, whereas hydroxyapatite containing xerogels showed distinctly reduced resorption. The incorporation of strontium carbonate and phosphate, respectively, as third phase changed TRAP 5b activity dose-dependently and inhibited resorption within 21 days. Quantitative evaluation on osteoclast differentiation was carried out using biochemical methods (TRAP 5b, cathepsin K) and was supported by confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Qualitative estimation of resorption was carried out by SEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Rößler
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technical University Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
| | - C Heinemann
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technical University Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - B Kruppke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technical University Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - A S Wagner
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Small Animal Clinic c/o Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - S Wenisch
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Small Animal Clinic c/o Institute of Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - H P Wiesmann
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technical University Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - T Hanke
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials and Institute of Materials Science, Technical University Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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Wang S, Li R, Li D, Zhang ZY, Liu G, Liang H, Qin Y, Yu J, Li Y. Fabrication of bioactive 3D printed porous titanium implants with Sr ion-incorporated zeolite coatings for bone ingrowth. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:3254-3261. [PMID: 32254383 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb00328a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of porous titanium alloy implants with bioactive coatings to improve bone regeneration performance is hotly pursued in recent decade. Here we demonstrate a facile strategy to design bioactive 3D printed porous titanium implants with strontium (Sr) ion incorporated zeolite coatings (SZCs). The SZCs can be uniformly fabricated on the 3D porous scaffolds using an in situ hydrothermal crystal growth method to improve their osteogenesis and osteointegration capacity. In vitro experiments of SZCs on a TC4 disk show that Sr ions can slowly release in the simulated body fluid by means of ion-exchange, thus can drastically improve apatite forming ability, biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. In vivo evaluation on a rabbit model with 3D printed titanium implants shows that the SZCs could significantly induce new bone formation both in and around the porous implants within four weeks. This work may open up a new method for the development of bioactive customized porous implants by functionalization with zeolite coatings for orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China.
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Cawthray J, Wasan E, Wasan K. Bone-seeking agents for the treatment of bone disorders. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2018; 7:466-481. [PMID: 28589453 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-017-0394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The targeting and delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic agents to bone tissue presents both a challenge and opportunity. Osteoporosis, Paget's disease, cancer, and bone metastases are all skeletal diseases whose treatment would benefit from new targeted therapeutic strategies. Osteoporosis, in particular, is a very prevalent disease, affecting over one in three women and one in five men in Canada alone with the cost to the healthcare system estimated at over $2.3 billion in 2010. Bone tissue is often considered a rigid structure when in reality there is a process of continuous remodeling that takes place via complex endocrine-regulated cell signaling pathways in addition to the signaling pathways unique to bone tissue. It is these specific boneremodeling processes that provide unique targeting opportunities but also present a number of challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Cawthray
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
| | - Ellen Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Kishor Wasan
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Höner M, Lauria I, Dabhi C, Kant S, Leube RE, Fischer H. Periodic microstructures on bioactive glass surfaces enhance osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells and promote osteoclastogenesis in vitro. J Biomed Mater Res A 2018; 106:1965-1978. [PMID: 29569421 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BG) are known for their ability to bond to hard and soft tissues. We hypothesized that the stimulation of bone remodeling, including cellular bone forming and bone resorbing processes, can be increased by applying periodic microstructures on the glass surfaces in vitro. To test our hypothesis, two different BG (45S5 and 13-93) were microstructured in a groove-and-ridge pattern of different sizes by a novel casting process and tested in cell culture experiments using human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) and RAW 264.7 cells. The microstructures induced contact guidance of hMSCs and increased osteogenic marker gene expression of the stem cells, compared to non-structured glass surfaces as verified by ELISA and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analyses. Furthermore, the structures stimulated the differentiation of RAW cells to osteoclast-like cells confirmed by TRAP gene expression and their resorption activity causing visible resorption lacunae. Our results demonstrate that periodically microstructured BG (especially 45S5) might improve the osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs and influence the activity of material resorbing cells in vitro. Hence, microstructuring of BG could enhance the remodeling process of bone substitutes critical for the formation of new bone tissue in vivo and thus be used to trigger bone remodeling kinetics in vivo. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 1965-1978, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Höner
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Ines Lauria
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Christina Dabhi
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Sebastian Kant
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Rudolf E Leube
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Anatomy, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Horst Fischer
- Department of Dental Materials and Biomaterials Research, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
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Rentsch B, Bernhardt A, Henß A, Ray S, Rentsch C, Schamel M, Gbureck U, Gelinsky M, Rammelt S, Lode A. Trivalent chromium incorporated in a crystalline calcium phosphate matrix accelerates materials degradation and bone formation in vivo. Acta Biomater 2018; 69:332-341. [PMID: 29355718 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Remodeling of calcium phosphate bone cements is a crucial prerequisite for their application in the treatment of large bone defects. In the present study trivalent chromium ions were incorporated into a brushite forming calcium phosphate cement in two concentrations (10 and 50 mmol/mol β-tricalcium phosphate) and implanted into a femoral defect in rats for 3 and 6 month, non-modified brushite was used as reference. Based on our previous in vitro findings indicating both an enhanced osteoclastic activity and cytocompatibility towards osteoprogenitor cells we hypothesized a higher in vivo remodeling rate of the Cr3+ doped cements compared to the reference. A significantly enhanced degradation of the modified cements was evidenced by micro computed tomography, X-ray and histological examinations. Furthermore the formation of new bone tissue after 6 month of implantation was significantly increased from 29% to 46% during remodeling of cements, doped with the higher Cr3+ amount. Time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) of histological sections was applied to investigate the release of Cr3+ ions from the cement after implantation and to image their distribution in the implant region and the surrounding bone tissue. The relatively weak incorporation of chromium into the newly formed bone tissue is in agreement to the low chromium concentrations which were released from the cements in vitro. The faster degradation of the Cr3+ doped cements was also verified by ToF-SIMS. The positive effect of Cr3+ doping on both degradation and new bone formation is discussed as a synergistic effect of Cr3+ bioactivity on osteoclastic resorption on one hand and improvement of cytocompatibility and solubility by structural changes in the calcium phosphate matrix on the other hand. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE While biologically active metal ions like strontium, magnesium and zinc are increasingly applied for the modification of ceramic bone graft materials, the present study is the first report on the incorporation of low doses of trivalent chromium ions into a calcium phosphate based biomaterial and testing of its performance in bone defect regeneration in vivo. Chromium(III)-doped calcium phosphate bone cements show improved cytocompatibility and both degradation rate and new bone formation in vivo are significantly increased compared to the reference cement. This important discovery might be the starting point for the application of trivalent chromium salts for the modification of bone graft materials to increase their remodelling rate.
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48
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Glenske K, Donkiewicz P, Köwitsch A, Milosevic-Oljaca N, Rider P, Rofall S, Franke J, Jung O, Smeets R, Schnettler R, Wenisch S, Barbeck M. Applications of Metals for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E826. [PMID: 29534546 PMCID: PMC5877687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of bone tissue is the main purpose of most therapies in dental medicine. For bone regeneration, calcium phosphate (CaP)-based substitute materials based on natural (allo- and xenografts) and synthetic origins (alloplastic materials) are applied for guiding the regeneration processes. The optimal bone substitute has to act as a substrate for bone ingrowth into a defect, as well as resorb in the time frame needed for complete regeneration up to the condition of restitution ad integrum. In this context, the modes of action of CaP-based substitute materials have been frequently investigated, where it has been shown that such materials strongly influence regenerative processes such as osteoblast growth or differentiation and also osteoclastic resorption due to different physicochemical properties of the materials. However, the material characteristics needed for the required ratio between new bone tissue formation and material degradation has not been found, until now. The addition of different substances such as collagen or growth factors and also of different cell types has already been tested but did not allow for sufficient or prompt application. Moreover, metals or metal ions are used differently as a basis or as supplement for different materials in the field of bone regeneration. Moreover, it has already been shown that different metal ions are integral components of bone tissue, playing functional roles in the physiological cellular environment as well as in the course of bone healing. The present review focuses on frequently used metals as integral parts of materials designed for bone regeneration, with the aim to provide an overview of currently existing knowledge about the effects of metals in the field of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Glenske
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | | | | | - Nada Milosevic-Oljaca
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | | | - Sven Rofall
- Botiss Biomaterials, D-12109 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jörg Franke
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Elbe Kliniken Stade-Buxtehude, D-21682 Stade, Germany.
| | - Ole Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg- Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg- Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Sabine Wenisch
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Mike Barbeck
- Botiss Biomaterials, D-12109 Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg- Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Modulation of Osteoclast Interactions with Orthopaedic Biomaterials. J Funct Biomater 2018; 9:jfb9010018. [PMID: 29495358 PMCID: PMC5872104 DOI: 10.3390/jfb9010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomaterial integration in bone depends on bone remodelling at the bone-implant interface. Optimal balance of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone deposition by osteoblasts is crucial for successful implantation, especially in orthopaedic surgery. Most studies examined osteoblast differentiation on biomaterials, yet few research has been conducted to explore the effect of different orthopaedic implants on osteoclast development. This review covers, in detail, the biology of osteoclasts, in vitro models of osteoclasts, and modulation of osteoclast activity by different implant surfaces, bio-ceramics, and polymers. Studies show that surface topography influence osteoclastogenesis. For instance, metal implants with rough surfaces enhanced osteoclast activity, while smooth surfaces resulted in poor osteoclast differentiation. In addition, surface modification of implants with anti-osteoporotic drug further decreased osteoclast activity. In bioceramics, osteoclast development depended on different chemical compositions. Strontium-incorporated bioceramics decreased osteoclast development, whereas higher concentrations of silica enhanced osteoclast activity. Differences between natural and synthetic polymers also modulated osteoclastogenesis. Physiochemical properties of implants affect osteoclast activity. Hence, understanding osteoclast biology and its response to the natural microarchitecture of bone are indispensable to design suitable implant interfaces and scaffolds, which will stimulate osteoclasts in ways similar to that of native bone.
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50
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Kang MS, Lee NH, Singh RK, Mandakhbayar N, Perez RA, Lee JH, Kim HW. Nanocements produced from mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2018; 162:183-199. [PMID: 29448144 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical cements are considered promising injectable materials for bone repair and regeneration. Calcium phosphate composition sized with tens of micrometers is currently one of the major powder forms. Here we report a unique cement form made from mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGn). The nanopowder could harden in reaction with aqueous solution at powder-to-liquid ratios as low as 0.4-0.5 (vs. 2.0-3.0 for conventional calcium phosphate cement CPC). The cementation mechanism investigated from TEM, XRD, FT-IR, XPS, and NMR analyses was demonstrated to be the ionic (Si and Ca) dissolution and then reprecipitation to form Si-Ca-(P) based amorphous nano-islands that could network the particles. The nanopowder-derived nanocement exhibited high surface area (78.7 m2/g); approximately 9 times higher than conventional CPC. The immersion of nanocement in simulated body fluid produced apatite nanocrystallites with ultrafine size of 10 nm (vs. 55 nm in CPC). The ultrafine nanocement adsorbed protein molecules (particularly positive charged proteins) at substantial levels; approximately 160 times higher than CPC. The nanocement released Si and Ca ions continuously over the test period of 2 weeks; the Si release was unique in nanocement whereas the Ca release was in a similar range to that observed in CPC. The release of ions significantly stimulated the responses of cells studied (rMSCs and HUVECs). The viability and osteogenesis of rMSCs were significantly enhanced by the nanocement ionic extracts. Furthermore, the in vitro tubular networking of HUVECs was improved by the nanocement ionic extracts. The in vivo neo-blood vessel formation in CAM model was significantly higher by the nanocement implant when compared with the CPC counterpart, implying the Si ion release might play a significant role in pro-angiogenesis. Furthermore, the early bone forming response of the nanocement, based on the implantation in a rat calvarial bone defect, demonstrated a sign of osteoinductivity along with excellent osteocondution and bone matrix formation. Although more studies remain to confirm the potential of nanocement, some of the intriguing physico-chemical properties and the biological responses reported herein support the promise of the new 'nanopowder-based nanocement' for hard tissue repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sil Kang
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hyun Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Roman A Perez
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Regenerative Medicine Research Institute, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 330-714, Republic of Korea.
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