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Loesche A, Köwitsch A, Lucas SD, Al-Halabi Z, Sippl W, Al-Harrasi A, Csuk R. Ursolic and oleanolic acid derivatives with cholinesterase inhibiting potential. Bioorg Chem 2019; 85:23-32. [PMID: 30599410 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Triterpenoids are in the focus of scientific interest, and they were evaluated for many pharmacological applications among them their ability to act as inhibitors of cholinesterases. These inhibitors are still of interest as drugs that improve the life quality of patients suffering from age-related dementia illnesses especially of Alzheimer's disease. Herein, we prepared several derivatives of ursolic and oleanolic acid and screened them in Ellman's assays for their ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase and/or butyrylcholinesterase, and for each of the active compounds the type of inhibition was determined. As a result, several compounds were shown as good inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase even in a micromolar range. An ursolic acid derived hydroxyl-propinyl derivative 10 was a competitive inhibitor for butyrylcholinesterase with an inhibition constant of Ki = 4.29 μM, and therefore being twice as active as gold standard galantamine hydrobromide. The best inhibitor for acetylcholinesterase, however, was 2-methyl-3-oxo-methyl-ursoloate (18), acting as a mixed-type inhibitor showing Ki = 1.72 µM and Ki' = 1.28 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Loesche
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexander Köwitsch
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Susana D Lucas
- Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácio, Instituto de Investigacao do Medicamento (iMed.ULisboa), Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Zayan Al-Halabi
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Wolfgang Sippl
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Pharmacy, Wolfgang-Langenbeck-Str. 4, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- University of Nizwa, Chair of Oman's Medicinal Plants and Marine Natural Products, PO Box 33, Birkat Al-Mauz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - René Csuk
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Organic Chemistry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Esmaeilzadeh P, Köwitsch A, Liedmann A, Menzel M, Fuhrmann B, Schmidt G, Klehm J, Groth T. Stimuli-Responsive Multilayers Based on Thiolated Polysaccharides That Affect Fibroblast Cell Adhesion. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:8507-8518. [PMID: 29470914 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b19022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Control of the biomaterial properties through stimuli-responsive polymeric platforms has become an essential technique in recent biomedical applications. A multilayer system of thiolated chitosan (t-Chi) and thiolated chondroitin sulfate (t-CS), consisting of five double layers ([t-Chi/t-CS]5), was fabricated here by applying a layer-by-layer coating strategy. To represent a novel class of chemically tunable nanostructures, the ability to cross-link pendant thiol groups was tested by a rise from pH 4 during layer formation to pH 9.3 and a more powerful chemical stimulus by using chloramine-T (ChT). Following both treatments, the resulting multilayers showed stimuli-dependent behavior, as demonstrated by their content of free thiols, wettability, surface charge, elastic modulus, roughness, topography, thickness, and binding of fibronectin. Studies with human dermal fibroblasts further demonstrated the favorable potential of the ChT-responsive multilayers as a cell-adhesive surface compared to pH-induced cross-linking. Because the [t-Chi/t-CS]5 multilayer system is responsive to stimuli such as the pH and redox environment, multilayer systems with disulfide bond formation may help to tailor their interaction with cells, film degradation, and controlled release of bioactive substances like growth factors in a stimuli-responsive manner useful in future wound healing and tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pegah Esmaeilzadeh
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Research , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Alexander Köwitsch
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Andrea Liedmann
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Matthias Menzel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems , Walter-Hülse-Strasse 1 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Bodo Fuhrmann
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Research , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Institute of Physics , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , 06099 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Georg Schmidt
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Research , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Institute of Physics , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , 06099 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Jessica Klehm
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems , Walter-Hülse-Strasse 1 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Material Research , Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , Heinrich Damerow Strasse 4 , 06120 Halle (Saale) , Germany
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Glenske K, Donkiewicz P, Köwitsch A, Milosevic-Oljaca N, Rider P, Rofall S, Franke J, Jung O, Smeets R, Schnettler R, Wenisch S, Barbeck M. Applications of Metals for Bone Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E826. [PMID: 29534546 PMCID: PMC5877687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of bone tissue is the main purpose of most therapies in dental medicine. For bone regeneration, calcium phosphate (CaP)-based substitute materials based on natural (allo- and xenografts) and synthetic origins (alloplastic materials) are applied for guiding the regeneration processes. The optimal bone substitute has to act as a substrate for bone ingrowth into a defect, as well as resorb in the time frame needed for complete regeneration up to the condition of restitution ad integrum. In this context, the modes of action of CaP-based substitute materials have been frequently investigated, where it has been shown that such materials strongly influence regenerative processes such as osteoblast growth or differentiation and also osteoclastic resorption due to different physicochemical properties of the materials. However, the material characteristics needed for the required ratio between new bone tissue formation and material degradation has not been found, until now. The addition of different substances such as collagen or growth factors and also of different cell types has already been tested but did not allow for sufficient or prompt application. Moreover, metals or metal ions are used differently as a basis or as supplement for different materials in the field of bone regeneration. Moreover, it has already been shown that different metal ions are integral components of bone tissue, playing functional roles in the physiological cellular environment as well as in the course of bone healing. The present review focuses on frequently used metals as integral parts of materials designed for bone regeneration, with the aim to provide an overview of currently existing knowledge about the effects of metals in the field of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Glenske
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | | | | | - Nada Milosevic-Oljaca
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | | | - Sven Rofall
- Botiss Biomaterials, D-12109 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jörg Franke
- Clinic for Trauma Surgery and Orthopedics, Elbe Kliniken Stade-Buxtehude, D-21682 Stade, Germany.
| | - Ole Jung
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg- Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Ralf Smeets
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg- Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | - Sabine Wenisch
- Clinic of Small Animals, c/o Institute of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Mike Barbeck
- Botiss Biomaterials, D-12109 Berlin, Germany.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Hamburg- Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Köwitsch A, Zhou G, Groth T. Medical application of glycosaminoglycans: a review. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e23-e41. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Köwitsch
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle Germany
| | - Guoying Zhou
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle Germany
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; Halle Germany
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Köwitsch A, Niepel MS, Michanetzis GPA, Missirlis YF, Groth T. Effect of Immobilized Thiolated Glycosaminoglycans on Fibronectin Adsorption and Behavior of Fibroblasts. Macromol Biosci 2015; 16:381-94. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Köwitsch
- Biomedical Materials Group; Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; 06099 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Marcus S. Niepel
- Biomedical Materials Group; Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; 06099 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Georgios P. A. Michanetzis
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory; Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Patras; 26504 Rion-Patras Greece
| | - Yannis F. Missirlis
- Biomedical Engineering Laboratory; Department of Mechanical Engineering; University of Patras; 26504 Rion-Patras Greece
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group; Institute of Pharmacy; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; 06099 Halle (Saale) Germany
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Yang Y, Köwitsch A, Ma N, Mäder K, Pashkuleva I, Reis RL, Groth T. Functionality of surface-coupled oxidised glycosaminoglycans towards fibroblast adhesion. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2015. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911515599999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans are able to bind many growth factors and adhesive proteins, which affect cell activities such as adhesion, migration, growth and differentiation. Chondroitin sulphate, hyaluronan, sulphated hyaluronan and heparin were oxidised here (aldehyde glycosaminoglycans) to generate aldehydes on vicinal hydroxyl groups of the uronic monomers of glycosaminoglycans for subsequent direct covalent binding to amino-terminated model substrata. The properties of modified surfaces were monitored by water contact angle, zeta potential, ellipsometry measurements and atomic force microscopy showing successful immobilisation of aldehyde glycosaminoglycans. Wetting properties and zeta potentials were related to sulphate content of aldehyde glycosaminoglycans with aldehyde heparin as most wettable and negative surface and aldehyde hyaluronan as the least. The thickness of surface layers measured by ellipsometry indicated a predominant side-on immobilisation of all aldehyde glycosaminoglycans. Atomic force microscopy studies showed that immobilisation of aldehyde hyaluronan lead to a rather smooth surface coating while immobilisation of sulphated aldehyde glycosaminoglycans was characterised by a globular appearance of surfaces with higher roughness. The experiments with human fibroblast studying adhesion under serum-free conditions were carried out to learn about bioactivity of aldehyde glycosaminoglycans. It was observed that the increase in sulphation degree of aldehyde glycosaminoglycans was accompanied by increased adhesion and spreading of cells with stronger expression of focal adhesions and cytoskeletal structures. By contrast, cell adhesion and spreading were lower on aldehyde hyaluronan. Immunofluorescence staining of cells in contact with aldehyde hyaluronan revealed a stronger expression of CD44, which can represent an alternative route of cell adhesion. The results show that oxidised glycosaminoglycans can be successfully applied for the development of bioactive surface coatings. The created biomimetic microenvironment may be useful to engineer surfaces of implants and scaffolds for tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Alexander Köwitsch
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ning Ma
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Karsten Mäder
- Pharmaceutical Technology Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Iva Pashkuleva
- 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimaraes, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Guimaraes, Portugal
- ICVS/3B’s – PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimaraes, Portugal
| | - Thomas Groth
- Biomedical Materials Group, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Heller L, Schwarz S, Perl V, Köwitsch A, Siewert B, Csuk R. Incorporation of a Michael acceptor enhances the antitumor activity of triterpenoic acids. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 101:391-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Majd SE, Kuijer R, Köwitsch A, Groth T, Schmidt TA, Sharma PK. Both hyaluronan and collagen type II keep proteoglycan 4 (lubricin) at the cartilage surface in a condition that provides low friction during boundary lubrication. Langmuir 2014; 30:14566-72. [PMID: 25409034 DOI: 10.1021/la504345c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Wear resistant and ultralow friction in synovial joints is the outcome of a sophisticated synergy between the major macromolecules of the synovial fluid, e.g., hyaluronan (HA) and proteoglycan 4 (PRG4), with collagen type II fibrils and other non-collagenous macromolecules of the cartilage superficial zone (SZ). This study aimed at better understanding the mechanism of PRG4 localization at the cartilage surface. We show direct interactions between surface bound HA and freely floating PRG4 using the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D). Freely floating PRG4 was also shown to bind with surface bound collagen type II fibrils. Albumin, the most abundant protein of the synovial fluid, effectively blocked the adsorption of PRG4 with HA, through interaction with C and N terminals on PRG4, but not that of PRG4 with collagen type II fibrils. The above results indicate that collagen type II fibrils strongly contribute in keeping PRG4 in the SZ during cartilage articulation in situ. Furthermore, PRG4 molecules adsorbed very well on mimicked SZ of absorbed HA molecules with entangled collagen type II fibrils and albumin was not able to block this interaction. In this last condition PRG4 adsorption resulted in a coefficient of friction (COF) of the same order of magnitude as the COF of natural cartilage, measured with an atomic force microscope in lateral mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ehsani Majd
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen , Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Köwitsch A, Jurado Abreu M, Chhalotre A, Hielscher M, Fischer S, Mäder K, Groth T. Synthesis of thiolated glycosaminoglycans and grafting to solid surfaces. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 114:344-351. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Yang Y, Tang H, Köwitsch A, Mäder K, Hause G, Ulrich J, Groth T. Novel mineralized heparin-gelatin nanoparticles for potential application in tissue engineering of bone. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2014; 25:669-680. [PMID: 24310917 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-5111-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared from succinylated gelatin (s-GL) cross-linked with aldehyde heparin (a-HEP) and used subsequently as a nano-template for the mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAP). Gelatin was functionalized with succinyl groups that made it soluble at room temperature. Heparin was oxidized to generate aldehyde groups and then used as a cross-linker that can react with s-GL to form NPs via Schiff's base linkage. The polymer concentrations, feed molar ratios and pH conditions were varied to fabricate NPs suspension. NPs were obtained with a spheroid shape of an average size of 196 nm at pH 2.5 and 202 nm at pH 7.4. These NPs had a positive zeta potential of 7.3 ± 3.0 mV and a narrow distribution with PDI 0.123 at pH 2.5, while they had a negative zeta potential of -2.6 ± 0.3 mV and formed aggregates (PDI 0.257) at pH 7.4. The NPs prepared at pH 2.5 with a mean particle size of 196 nm were further used for mineralization studies. The mineralization process was mediated by solution without calcination at 37 °C. The HAP formed on NPs was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. HAP coated s-GL/a-HEP NPs developed in this study may be used in future as osteoinductive fillers enhancing the mechanical properties of injectable hydrogel or use as potential multifunctional device for nanotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Biomedical Materials Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Heinrich-Damerow-Str. 4, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Siewert B, Wiemann J, Köwitsch A, Csuk R. The chemical and biological potential of C ring modified triterpenoids. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 72:84-101. [PMID: 24361521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2013.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A convenient and elegant route has been developed to separate the natural regioisomers triterpenoids ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) as well as derivatives thereof. Eleven unknown derivatives of OA were designed, synthesized, and their cytotoxicity was investigated. Further sixteen compounds were prepared to correlate all compounds in a SAR study. It could be shown that C-ring modifications of OA and UA have only a moderate influence onto the cytotoxic activity of the compounds but a significant impact onto the ability to trigger apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells (cell line A2780).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianka Siewert
- Bereich Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Jana Wiemann
- Bereich Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - Alexander Köwitsch
- Bereich Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany
| | - René Csuk
- Bereich Organische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 2, D-06120 Halle, Saale, Germany.
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Li Z, Köwitsch A, Zhou G, Groth T, Fuhrmann B, Niepel M, Amado E, Kressler J. Enantiopure chiral poly(glycerol methacrylate) self-assembled monolayers knock down protein adsorption and cell adhesion. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:1377-87. [PMID: 23526806 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Chirality plays a fundamental role not only in biological systems, but also in synthetic materials intended for bio-applications. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are prepared on gold surfaces through a "grafting to" method from racemic or enantiopure chiral poly(glycerol methacrylate)s (PGMA(rac), PGMA(R), and PGMA(S)), having a thiol endgroup. Such SAMs constitute a chemically and structurally well-defined model substrate for studying protein adsorption and cell adhesion as a function of the polymer chirality. Surface plasmon resonance measurements reveal that PGMA SAMs greatly reduce the adsorption of bovine serum albumin (BSA) compared to bare gold surfaces. Interestingly, enantiopure SAMs based on PGMA(R) or PGMA(S) show a significantly larger reduction in BSA adsorption than PGMA(rac)-covered surfaces. Studies with the monocytic cell line THP-1 show a similar relationship between enantiopurity of PGMA SAMs and the extent of cell adhesion. Ellipsometry and Raman spectroscopy measurements indicate that SAMs formed by PGMA(rac) have a higher grafting density compared to SAMs of PGMA(R) and PGMA(S). This seems to be due to the ability of PGMA(rac) to form more intermolecular hydrogen bonds among polymer chains compared to the enantiopure PGMAs. Circular dichroism spectroscopy provide evidence that enantiopure polymers adopt a chiral ordered conformation, most likely helical, in aqueous solutions. It is concluded that a higher water content of SAMs formed by enantiopure PGMA(S) and PGMA(R) SAMs arises from the macromolecular chiral conformation adopted by their enantiopure PGMA chains, and it is the decisive reason for the reduced BSA adsorption and cell adhesion as compared to PGMA(rac) SAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- Department of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Von-Danckelmann-Platz 4, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
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Köwitsch A, Yang Y, Ma N, Kuntsche J, Mäder K, Groth T. Bioactivity of immobilized hyaluronic acid derivatives regarding protein adsorption and cell adhesion. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2011; 58:376-89. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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