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Ahn JY, Kim YJ, Lee JH, Singh RK, Lee HH. Mechanophysical and Anti-Adhesive Properties of a Nanoclay-Containing PMMA Denture Resin. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2151-2164. [PMID: 38453640 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is commonly used for dental dentures, but it has the drawback of promoting oral health risks due to oral bacterial adhesion. Recently, various nanoparticles have been incorporated into PMMA to tackle these issues. This study aims to investigate the mechanophysical and antimicrobial adhesive properties of a denture resin by incorporating of nanoclay into PMMA. Specimens were prepared by adding 0, 1, 2, and 4 wt % surface-modified nanoclay (Sigma) to self-polymerizing PMMA denture resin. These specimens were then evaluated using FTIR, TGA/DTG, and FE-SEM with EDS. Various mechanical and surface physical properties, including nanoindentation, were measured and compared with those of pure PMMA. Antiadhesion experiments were conducted by applying a Candida albicans (ATCC 11006) suspension to the surface of the specimens. The antiadhesion activity of C. albicans was confirmed through a yeast-wall component (mannan) and mRNA-seq analysis. The bulk mechanical properties of nanoclay-PMMA composites were decreased compared to those of pure PMMA, while the flexural strength and modulus met the ISO 20795-1 requirement. However, there were no significant differences in the nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus. The surface energy revealed a significant decrease at 4 wt % nanoclay-PMMA. The antiadhesion effect of Candida albicans was evident along with nanoclay content in the nanocomposites and confirmed by the reduced attachment of mannan on nanoclay-PMMA composites. mRNA-seq analysis supported overall transcriptome changes in altering attachment and metabolism behaviors on the surface. The nanoclay-PMMA materials showed a lower surface energy as the content increased, leading to an antiadhesion effect against Candida albicans. These findings indicate that incorporating nanoclay into PMMA surfaces could be a valuable strategy for preventing the fungal biofilm formation of denture base materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Yong Ahn
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, 119 Dandae-ro, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do 31116, Republic of Korea
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Nitu, Fopase R, Pandey LM, Hazarika KP, Borah JP, Singh RK, Srinivasan A. Enhancement in the induction heating efficacy of sol-gel derived SiO 2-CaO-Na 2O-P 2O 5 bioglass-ceramics by incorporating magnetite nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3494-3508. [PMID: 38512116 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb03014h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticle (MNP)-substituted glass-ceramic (MSGC) powders with compositions of (45 - x)SiO2-24.5CaO-24.5Na2O-6P2O5-xFe3O4 (x = 5, 8, and 10 wt%) have been prepared by a sol-gel route by introducing Fe3O4 nanoparticles during the synthesis. The X-ray diffraction patterns of the as-prepared MSGC nanopowders revealed the presence of combeite (Na2Ca2Si3O9), magnetite, and sodium nitrate (NaNO3) crystalline phases. Heat-treatment up to 700 °C for 1 h resulted in the complete dissolution of NaNO3 along with partial conversion of magnetite into hematite (α-Fe2O3). Optimal heat-treatment of the MSGC powders at 550 °C for 1 h yielded the highest relative percentage of magnetite (without hematite) with some residual NaNO3. The saturation magnetization and heat generation capacity of the MSGC fluids increased with an increase in the MNP content. The in vitro bioactivity of the MSGC pellets was evaluated by monitoring the pH and the formation of a hydroxyapatite surface layer upon immersion in modified simulated body fluid. Proliferation of MG-63 osteoblast cells indicated that all of the MSGC compositions were non-toxic and MSGC with 10 wt% MNPs exhibited extraordinarily high cell viability. The MSGC with 10 wt% MNPs demonstrated optimal characteristics in terms of cell viability, magnetic properties, and induction heating capacity, which surpass those of the commercial magnetic fluid FluidMag-CT employed in hyperthermia treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitu
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India.
| | - Rushikesh Fopase
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Lalit Mohan Pandey
- Bio-Interface & Environmental Engineering Lab, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Krishna Priya Hazarika
- Department of Science and Humanities, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, 797103, India
| | - Jyoti Prasad Borah
- Department of Science and Humanities, National Institute of Technology Nagaland, 797103, India
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
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Shim HW, Kurian AG, Lee J, Lee SC, Kim HW, Singh RK, Lee JH. Surface-Engineered Titanium with Nanoceria to Enhance Soft Tissue Integration Via Reactive Oxygen Species Modulation and Nanotopographical Sensing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024; 16:13622-13639. [PMID: 38466038 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
The design of implantable biomaterials involves precise tuning of surface features because the early cellular fate on such engineered surfaces is highly influenced by many physicochemical factors [roughness, hydrophilicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsiveness, etc.]. Herein, to enhance soft tissue integration for successful implantation, Ti substrates decorated with uniform layers of nanoceria (Ce), called Ti@Ce, were optimally developed by a simple and cost-effective in situ immersion coating technique. The characterization of Ti@Ce shows a uniform Ce distribution with enhanced roughness (∼3-fold increase) and hydrophilicity (∼4-fold increase) and adopted ROS-scavenging capacity by nanoceria coating. When human gingival fibroblasts were seeded on Ti@Ce under oxidative stress conditions, Ti@Ce supported cellular adhesion, spreading, and survivability by its cellular ROS-scavenging capacity. Mechanistically, the unique nanocoating resulted in higher expression of amphiphysin (a nanotopology sensor), paxillin (a focal adhesion protein), and cell adhesive proteins (collagen-1 and fibronectin). Ti@Ce also led to global chromatin condensation by decreasing histone 3 acetylation as an early differentiation feature. Transcriptome analysis by RNA sequencing confirmed the chromatin remodeling, antiapoptosis, antioxidant, cell adhesion, and TGF-β signaling-related gene signatures in Ti@Ce. As key fibroblast transcription (co)factors, Ti@Ce promotes serum response factor and MRTF-α nucleus localization. Considering all of this, it is proposed that the surface engineering approach using Ce could improve the biological properties of Ti implants, supporting their functioning at soft tissue interfaces and utilization as a bioactive implant for clinical conditions such as peri-implantitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Won Shim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Amal George Kurian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Cheol Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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Kurian AG, Singh RK, Sagar V, Lee JH, Kim HW. Nanozyme-Engineered Hydrogels for Anti-Inflammation and Skin Regeneration. Nanomicro Lett 2024; 16:110. [PMID: 38321242 PMCID: PMC10847086 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory skin disorders can cause chronic scarring and functional impairments, posing a significant burden on patients and the healthcare system. Conventional therapies, such as corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, are limited in efficacy and associated with adverse effects. Recently, nanozyme (NZ)-based hydrogels have shown great promise in addressing these challenges. NZ-based hydrogels possess unique therapeutic abilities by combining the therapeutic benefits of redox nanomaterials with enzymatic activity and the water-retaining capacity of hydrogels. The multifaceted therapeutic effects of these hydrogels include scavenging reactive oxygen species and other inflammatory mediators modulating immune responses toward a pro-regenerative environment and enhancing regenerative potential by triggering cell migration and differentiation. This review highlights the current state of the art in NZ-engineered hydrogels (NZ@hydrogels) for anti-inflammatory and skin regeneration applications. It also discusses the underlying chemo-mechano-biological mechanisms behind their effectiveness. Additionally, the challenges and future directions in this ground, particularly their clinical translation, are addressed. The insights provided in this review can aid in the design and engineering of novel NZ-based hydrogels, offering new possibilities for targeted and personalized skin-care therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal George Kurian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Varsha Sagar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Singh RK, Burov S. Universal to nonuniversal transition of the statistics of rare events during the spread of random walks. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:L052102. [PMID: 38115504 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.l052102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Through numerous experiments that analyzed rare event statistics in heterogeneous media, it was discovered that in many cases the probability density function for particle position, P(X,t), exhibits a slower decay rate than the Gaussian function. Typically, the decay behavior is exponential, referred to as Laplace tails. However, many systems exhibit an even slower decay rate, such as power-law, log-normal, or stretched exponential. In this study, we utilize the continuous-time random walk method to investigate the rare events in particle hopping dynamics and find that the properties of the hop size distribution induce a critical transition between the Laplace universality of rare events and a more specific, slower decay of P(X,t). Specifically, when the hop size distribution decays slower than exponential, such as e^{-|x|^{β}} (β>1), the Laplace universality no longer applies, and the decay is specific, influenced by a few large events, rather than by the accumulation of many smaller events that give rise to Laplace tails.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Stanislav Burov
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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6
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Kuprat AP, Price O, Asgharian B, Singh RK, Colby S, Yugulis K, Corley RA, Darquenne C. Automated bidirectional coupling of multiscale models of aerosol dosimetry: validation with subject-specific deposition data. J Aerosol Sci 2023; 174:106233. [PMID: 37637507 PMCID: PMC10448711 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2023.106233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Assessing the toxicity of airborne particulate matter or the efficacy of inhaled drug depends upon accurate estimates of deposited fraction of inhaled materials. In silico approaches can provide important insights into site- or airway-specific deposition of inhaled aerosols in the respiratory system. In this study, we improved on our recently developed 3D/1D model that simulate aerosol transport and deposition in the whole lung over multiple breath cycles (J. Aerosol Sci 151:105647). A subject-specific multiscale lung model of a healthy male subject using computational fluid-particle dynamics (CFPD) in a 3D model of the oral cavity through the large bronchial airways entering each lobe was bidirectionally coupled with a recently improved Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry (MPPD) model to predict aerosol deposition over the entire respiratory tract over multiple breaths for four conditions matching experimental aerosol exposures in the same subject from which the model was developed. These include two particle sizes (1 and 2.9 μm) and two subject-specific breathing rates of ~300 ml/s (slow breathing) and ~750 ml/s (fast breathing) at a target tidal volume of 1 L. In silico predictions of retained fraction were 0.31 and 0.29 for 1 μm and 0.66 and 0.62 for 2.9 μm during slow and fast breathing, respectively, and compared well with experimental data (1 μm: 0.31±0.01 (slow) and 0.27±0.01 (fast), 2.9 μm: 0.63±0.03 (slow) and 0.68±0.02 (fast)). These results provide a great deal of confidence in the validity and reliability of our approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Kuprat
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - O Price
- Applied Research Associates, Arlington Division, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - B Asgharian
- Applied Research Associates, Arlington Division, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - R K Singh
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - S Colby
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - K Yugulis
- Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - R A Corley
- Greek Creek Toxicokinetics Consulting, LLC, Boise, ID, USA
| | - C Darquenne
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Singh RK, Sandev T, Singh S. Bernoulli trial under restarts: A comparative study of resetting transitions. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:L052106. [PMID: 38115400 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.l052106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
A Bernoulli trial describing the escape behavior of a lamb to a safe haven in pursuit by a lion is studied under restarts. The process ends in two ways: either the lamb makes it to the safe haven (success) or is captured by the lion (failure). We study the first passage properties of this Bernoulli trial and find that only mean first passage time exists. Considering Poisson and sharp resetting, we find that the success probability is a monotonically decreasing function of the restart rate. The mean time, however, exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on the restart rate taking a minimal value at an optimal restart rate. Furthermore, for sharp restart, the mean time possesses a local and a global minima. As a result, the optimal restart rate exhibits a continuous transition for Poisson resetting while it exhibits a discontinuous transition for sharp resetting as a function of the relative separation of the lion and the lamb. We also find that the distribution of first passage times under sharp resetting exhibits a periodic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - T Sandev
- Research Center for Computer Science and Information Technologies, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
- Institute of Physics & Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14776 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Arhimedova 3, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
| | - Sadhana Singh
- The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
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Singh RK, Singh NL, Mehta M, Chauhan R, Suryanarayana SV, Makwana R, Nayak BK, Naik H, Varmuza J, Katovsky K. Activation cross section for the (n,2n) and (n,p) reactions on 103Rh, 48Ti and 52Cr from reaction threshold up to 25 MeV energy region. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 200:110949. [PMID: 37582315 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Activation and off-line γ-ray spectrometric methods were used to measure the ground and isomeric state (n,2n) reaction cross section for 103Rh at two different neutron energies. The standard 27Al (n,α)24Na reference reaction was used to normalise neutron flux. The proton beam from the 14UD BARC-TIFR Pelletron facility in Mumbai, India, was utilised to create high-energy quasi-monoenergetic neutrons via the 7Li (p,n) reaction. Statistical model calculations including the level density, pre-equilibrium and optical potential model were performed using the TALYS (ver. 1.95) and EMPIRE (ver. 3.2.3) reaction codes. In addition, because of considerable discrepancies in measured data, the literature (n,p) reaction cross section of 52Cr and 48Ti targets were examined theoretically in the present work. The measured cross sections are discussed and compared with the latest evaluated data of the FENDL-3.2b, CENDL-3.2, TENDL-2019, JENDL-5.0, and ENDF/B-VIII.0 libraries, and experimental data based on the EXFOR compilation. The theoretical investigation of the (n,2n) reaction cross section was performed for the ground and isomeric state for the first time from reaction threshold to 25 MeV energies. The experimental data corresponding to the ground, isomeric state and isomeric ratio were reproduced consistently by the theoretical calculations. The present experimental results are good with certain literature data and theoretical values.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India.
| | - N L Singh
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India; Department of Physics, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Dwarka, Delhi, 110078, India.
| | - Mayur Mehta
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India; Institute for Plasma Research, Gandhinagar, 382428, India
| | - Rakesh Chauhan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India
| | - S V Suryanarayana
- Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rajnikant Makwana
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, The M. S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, 390002, India
| | - B K Nayak
- Nuclear Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - H Naik
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Jan Varmuza
- Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 61600, Czech Republic
| | - K Katovsky
- Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, 61600, Czech Republic
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Tiwari RK, Mishra R, Patel A, Tiwari A, Meghnani D, Singh RK. Polysulfide Rejection Strategy in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Using an Ion-Conducting Gel-Polymer Interlayer Membrane. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37429815 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur batteries (LiSBs) are emerging as promising alternative to conventional secondary lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) due to their high energy density, low cost, and environmental friendliness. However, preventing polysulfide dissolution is a great challenge for their commercial viability. The present work is focused on preparing a lithium salt and ionic liquid (IL) solution (SIL) impregnated ion (lithium ion)-conducting gel-polymer membrane (IC-GPM) interlayer to prevent polysulfide migration toward the anode by using an electrostatic rejection and trapping strategy. Herein, we introduce an SIL-based freestanding optimized IC-GPM70 (70 wt % SIL) interlayer membrane with high lithium-ion conductivity (2.58 × 10-3 S cm-1) along with excellent thermal stability to suppress the migration of polysulfide toward the anode and prevent polysulfide dissolution in the electrolyte. Because of the coulombic interaction, the anionic groups, -CF2 of the β-phase polymer host PVdF-HFP, TFSI- anion of IL EMIMTFSI, and anion BOB- of LIBOB salt, allow hopping of positively charged lithium ions (Li+) but reject negatively charged and relatively large-sized polysulfide anions (Sx-2, 4 <x <8). The cationic group EMIM+ of the IL is electrostatically able to attract and trap the polysulfides in the interlayer membrane. Since the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfides in LiSBs has been suppressed by the prepared IC-GPM70 interlayer, the resulting lithium-sulfur cell exhibits significantly higher cycling stability (1200 cycles), rate performance (1343, 1208, 1043, 875, and 662 mAh g-1 at 0.1C, 0.2C, 0.5C, 1C, and 2C, respectively), and structural integrity during cycling than its counterpart without the IC-GPM70 interlayer. The interlayer membrane has been found to improve the performance and durability of LiSBs, thus making them a viable alternative to conventional LiBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh K Tiwari
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Raghvendra Mishra
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anupam Patel
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Anurag Tiwari
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Dipika Meghnani
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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Sundarsingh V, Poddar B, Saran S, Jena SK, Azim A, Gurjar M, Singh RK, Baronia AK. Glucometrics in the first week of critical illness and its association with mortality. Med Intensiva 2023; 47:326-337. [PMID: 36344343 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2022.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of glucometrics in the first week of ICU stay and its association with outcomes. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Mixed ICU of teaching hospital. PATIENTS Adults initiated on insulin infusion for 2 consecutive blood glucose (BG) readings ≥180mg/dL. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST Glucometrics calculated from the BG of first week of admission: hyperglycemia (BG>180mg/dL) and hypoglycemia (BG<70mg/dL) episodes; median, standard deviation (SD) and coefficient of variation (CV) of BG, glycemic lability index (GLI), time in target BG range (TIR). Factors influencing glucometrics and the association of glucometrics to patient outcomes analyzed. RESULTS A total of 5762 BG measurements in 100 patients of median age 55 years included. Glucometrics: hyperglycemia: 2253 (39%), hypoglycemia: 28 (0.48%), median BG: 169mg/dL (162-178.75), SD 31mg/dL (26-38.75), CV 18.6% (17.1-22.5), GLI: 718.5 [(mg/dL)2/h]/week (540.5-1131.5) and TIR 57% (50-67). Diabetes and higher APACHE II score were associated with higher SD and CV, and lower TIR. On multivariate regression, diabetes (p=0.009) and APACHE II score (p=0.016) were independently associated with higher SD. Higher SD and CV were associated with less vasopressor-free days; lower TIR with more blood-stream infections (BSI). Patients with higher SD, CV and GLI had a higher 28-day mortality. On multivariate analysis, GLI alone was associated with a higher mortality (OR 2.99, p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS Glycemic lability in the first week in ICU patients receiving insulin infusion is associated with higher mortality. Lower TIR is associated with more blood stream infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sundarsingh
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Father Muller Medical College Hospital, Mangalore, India
| | - B Poddar
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
| | - S Saran
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S K Jena
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Kalinga Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhuvaneswar, India
| | - A Azim
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - M Gurjar
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - A K Baronia
- Government Medical College, Pithoragarh, India
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Singh RK, Singh A, Anand S, Kumar D, Ahmad A, Tanwar AS. Knowledge and Information Resources about Child Abuse among Government and Private Dental Practitioner in Uttar Pradesh, India. Niger J Clin Pract 2023; 26:674-679. [PMID: 37470638 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_296_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Background and Aim To evaluate knowledge, attitude, and information sources about child abuse and neglect (CAN) among dentists in Varanasi district of Uttar Pradesh state, India. Subjects and Methods A cross-sectional online survey was carried out of dentist working in government and private hospitals in the Varanasi district, Uttar Pradesh State, India (n = 674). The structured questionnaire was sent through electronic mail that contained the consent form, instructions for filling, and returning the questionnaire. The data obtained were systematically compiled and the Chi-square test was applied to test the association. The significance level of P ≤ 0.05 was applied. Results A maximum number of dental practitioners from the government (81.97%) and private sector (85.98%) were aware of the child protection law. A significant number of government and private dental practitioners were satisfied with their knowledge (p = 0.0092); however, 83.79% suggested that the continuing education programs/courses were important tool to update their knowledge. The girl child was maximum sufferer (p = 0.0056) of CAN. Only 14.08% of practitioners acted on the suspected cases, and a statistical significant relation was observed between the government and private dental practitioners for not taking any action on child abuse and neglect (p = 0.0010). Conclusions Data from this study may provide a useful contribution to the current limited knowledge about the familiarity of dental practitioners with child maltreatment and their skills to recognize and manage CAN cases in their practice. The majority of dental practitioners knew about the child protection law in India, but they were reluctant to report such cases due to the fear of anger from the parents and family of the child. Continuing education programs/courses were the most preferred method for increasing the knowledge regarding CAN. They should report the CAN cases to local legislators and health authorities so to prevent child abuse and neglect from ever occurring.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - A Singh
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S Anand
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - D Kumar
- Department of Dentistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A Ahmad
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kalka Dental College and Hospital, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A S Tanwar
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Kankarbagh, Patna, Bihar, India
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Kurian AG, Mandakhbayar N, Singh RK, Lee JH, Jin G, Kim HW. Multifunctional dendrimer@nanoceria engineered GelMA hydrogel accelerates bone regeneration through orchestrated cellular responses. Mater Today Bio 2023; 20:100664. [PMID: 37251417 PMCID: PMC10209037 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone defects in patients entail the microenvironment that needs to boost the functions of stem cells (e.g., proliferation, migration, and differentiation) while alleviating severe inflammation induced by high oxidative stress. Biomaterials can help to shift the microenvironment by regulating these multiple events. Here we report multifunctional composite hydrogels composed of photo-responsive Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) and dendrimer (G3)-functionalized nanoceria (G3@nCe). Incorporation of G3@nCe into GelMA could enhance the mechanical properties of hydrogels and their enzymatic ability to clear reactive oxygen species (ROS). The G3@nCe/GelMA hydrogels supported the focal adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and further increased their proliferation and migration ability (vs. pristine GelMA and nCe/GelMA). Moreover, the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was significantly stimulated upon the G3@nCe/GelMA hydrogels. Importantly, the capacity of G3@nCe/GelMA hydrogels to scavenge extracellular ROS enabled MSCs to survive against H2O2-induced high oxidative stress. Transcriptome analysis by RNA sequencing identified the genes upregulated and the signalling pathways activated by G3@nCe/GelMA that are associated with cell growth, migration, osteogenesis, and ROS-metabolic process. When implanted subcutaneously, the hydrogels exhibited excellent tissue integration with a sign of material degradation while the inflammatory response was minimal. Furthermore, G3@nCe/GelMA hydrogels demonstrated effective bone regeneration capacity in a rat critical-sized bone defect model, possibly due to an orchestrated capacity of enhancing cell proliferation, motility and osteogenesis while alleviating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal George Kurian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K. Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Gangshi Jin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
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Mittal S, Rawat C, Gupta A, Solanki HK, Singh RK. Adverse Events Following Immunization Among Children Under Two Years of Age: A Prospective Observational Study From North India. Cureus 2023; 15:e38356. [PMID: 37266060 PMCID: PMC10229756 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective child survival health interventions. A single serious adverse event following immunization (AEFI) or a cluster of events may lead to a loss of public confidence in the program and a major setback to immunization coverage. This study was conducted to assess the incidence of AEFIs in children less than two years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective community-based observational study was conducted in the North Indian state of Uttarakhand from October 2017 to February 2018. A total of 255 children who attended the selected sub-centres for immunization were finally included in the study. Follow-up home visits on the 8th and 30th day of vaccination were carried out to identify any occurrences of AEFIs. RESULTS Among 255 children, 212 AEFIs from 152 vaccinated subjects were reported. The majority of the AEFIs were reported in the age group 0-1 years. The incidence of AEFIs was 33.0 per 100 doses of vaccines administered. The most common AEFI reported was fever (101, 47.6%), followed by swelling (53, 25.0%). Among the vaccines, Pentavalent + oral polio vaccine (OPV) (48.8 per 100 doses) was majorly responsible for AEFIs, followed by diphtheria pertussis tetanus (DPT) + measles and rubella (MR) + OPV (46.6 per 100 doses). CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that although the incidence of AEFI reported was high, all of them were minor and no serious AEFIs were identified. The awareness among health professionals and the public regarding the reporting of AEFIs should be continued to increase the safety profile of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Mittal
- Department of Community Medicine, Soban Singh Jeena Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Almora, IND
| | - Cms Rawat
- Department of Community Medicine, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Medical Science and Research Institute, Srinagar, IND
| | - Amit Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Soban Singh Jeena Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Almora, IND
| | - Hariom K Solanki
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Greater Noida, IND
| | - R K Singh
- Community Medicine, Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya Medical College, Churu, IND
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Kumar A, Venkatesan G, Kushwaha A, Poulinlu G, Saha T, Ramakrishnan MA, Dhar P, Kumar GS, Singh RK. Genomic characterization of Lumpy Skin Disease virus (LSDV) from India: Circulation of Kenyan-like LSDV strains with unique kelch-like proteins. Acta Trop 2023; 241:106838. [PMID: 36796571 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.106838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an economically important poxviral disease endemic to Asia, Europe, and Africa. Recently, LSD has spread to naïve countries, including India, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Thailand. Here, we describe the complete genomic characterization of LSDV from India, LSDV-WB/IND/19 isolated from an LSD affected calf in 2019 determined by Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS). The LSDV-WB/IND/19 has a genome size of 150,969 bp encoding 156 putative ORFs. Phylogenetic analysis based on complete genome sequence suggested that LSDV-WB/IND/19 is closely related to Kenyan LSDV strains with 10-12 variants with non-synonymous changes confined to LSD_019, LSD_049, LSD_089, LSD_094, LSD_096, LSD_140, and LSD_144 genes. In contrast to complete kelch-like proteins in Kenyan LSDV strains, LSDV-WB/IND/19 LSD_019 and LSD_144 genes were found to encode truncated versions (019a, 019b, and 144a, 144b). LSD_019a and LSD_019b proteins of LSDV-WB/IND/19 resemble that of wild-type LSDV strains based on SNPs and the C-terminal part of LSD_019b except for deletion at K229, whereas the LSD_144a and LSD_144b proteins resemble that of Kenyan LSDV strains based on SNPs, however, C-terminal part of LSD_144a resembles that of vaccine-associated LSDV strains due to premature truncation. The NGS findings were confirmed by Sanger sequencing of these genes in Vero cell isolate as well as in the original skin scab along with similar findings in another Indian LSDV from scab specimen. LSD_019 and LSD_144 genes are thought to modulate virulence and host range in capripoxviruses. This study demonstrates the circulation of unique LSDV strains in India and highlights the importance of constant monitoring of the molecular evolution of LSDV and associated factors in the region in light of the emergence of recombinant LSDV strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Pox Virus Laboratory, Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Gnanavel Venkatesan
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bengaluru campus, Karnataka, India
| | - Anand Kushwaha
- Pox Virus Laboratory, Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - G Poulinlu
- Pox Virus Laboratory, Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Tapabrata Saha
- Block Animal Health Centre, Chhatna, Bankura, West Bengal, India
| | - M A Ramakrishnan
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bengaluru campus, Karnataka, India
| | - Pronab Dhar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - G Sai Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Bayaraa O, Dashnyam K, Singh RK, Mandakhbayar N, Lee JH, Park JT, Lee JH, Kim HW. Nanoceria-GO-intercalated multicellular spheroids revascularize and salvage critical ischemic limbs through anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic functions. Biomaterials 2023; 292:121914. [PMID: 36436306 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Critical limb ischemia (CLI) is a serious form of peripheral arterial disease that involves severe blockage of blood flow in lower extremities, often leading to foot necrosis and limb loss. Lack of blood flow and high pro-inflammation with overproduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CLI aggravate the degenerative events. Among other therapies, cell delivery is considered potential for restoring regenerative capacity, and preservation of cell survival under high oxidative stress has been challenging and prerequisite to harness cellular functions. Here, we introduce a multicellular delivery system that is intercalated with nanoceria-decorated graphene oxide (CeGO), which is considered to have high ROS scavenging ability while providing cell-matrix interaction signals. The CeGO nano-microsheets (8-nm-nanoceria/0.9-μm-GO) incorporated in HUVEC/MSC (7/3) could form cell-material hybrid spheroids mediated by cellular contraction. Under in vitro oxidative-stress-challenge with H2O2, the CeGO-intercalation enhanced the survival and anti-apoptotic capacity of cellular spheroids. Pro-angiogenic events of cellular spheroids, including cell sprouting and expression of angiogenic markers (HIF1α, VEGF, FGF2, eNOS) were significantly enhanced by the CeGO-intercalation. Proteomics analysis also confirmed substantial up-regulation of a series of angiogenesis-related secretome molecules. Such pro-angiogenic events with CeGO-intercalation were proven to be mediated by the APE/Ref-1 signaling pathway. When delivered to ischemic hindlimb in mice, the CeGO-cell spheroids could inhibit the accumulation of in vivo ROS rapidly, preserving high cell survival rate (cells were more proliferative and less apoptotic vs. those in cell-only spheroids), and up-regulated angiogenic molecular expressions. Monitoring over 28 days revealed significantly enhanced blood reperfusion and tissue recovery, and an ultimate limb salvage with the CeGO-cell delivery (∼60% salvaged vs. ∼29% in cell-only delivery vs. 0% in ischemia control). Together, the CeGO intercalated in HUVEC/MSC delivery is considered a potential nano-microplatform for CLI treatment, by scavenging excessive ROS and enhancing transplanted cell survival, while stimulating angiogenic events, which collectively help revascularization and tissue recovery, salvaging critical ischemic limbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyunchimeg Bayaraa
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Drug Research Institute, Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Science, 14250, Mongolia
| | - Khandmaa Dashnyam
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Drug Research Institute, Mongolian University of Pharmaceutical Science, 14250, Mongolia
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hee Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Tae Park
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Oral Anatomy, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
A diffusing lion pursues a diffusing lamb when both of them are allowed to get back to their homes intermittently. Identifying the system with a pair of vicious random walkers, we study their dynamics under Poissonian and sharp resetting. In the absence of any resets, the location of intersection of the two walkers follows a Cauchy distribution. In the presence of resetting, the distribution of the location of annihilation is composed of two parts: one in which the trajectories cross without being reset (center) and the other where trajectories are reset at least once before they cross each other (tails). We find that the tail part decays exponentially for both the resetting protocols. The central part of the distribution, on the other hand, depends on the nature of the restart protocol, with Cauchy for Poisson resetting and Gaussian for sharp resetting. We find good agreement of the analytical results with numerical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Sadhana Singh
- The Avram and Stella Goldstein-Goren Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Be'er Sheva 84105, Israel
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Vibha D, Kushwaha S, Nath M, Ramanujam B, Elavarasi A, Das A, Radhakrishnan DM, Singh RK, Pandit AK, Srivastava AK, Tripathi M, Anthony A, Maheshwari S. A large cohort study of TB of the central nervous system: clinical outcomes. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:989-991. [PMID: 36163655 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D Vibha
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | | | - M Nath
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - B Ramanujam
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A Elavarasi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A Das
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - D M Radhakrishnan
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A K Pandit
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - A K Srivastava
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
| | - M Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Department of Neurology, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Delhi, India
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Singh RK, Yoon DS, Mandakhbayar N, Li C, Kurian AG, Lee NH, Lee JH, Kim HW. Diabetic bone regeneration with nanoceria-tailored scaffolds by recapitulating cellular microenvironment: Activating integrin/TGF-β co-signaling of MSCs while relieving oxidative stress. Biomaterials 2022; 288:121732. [PMID: 36031457 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Regenerating defective bone in patients with diabetes mellitus remains a significant challenge due to high blood glucose level and oxidative stress. Here we aim to tackle this issue by means of a drug- and cell-free scaffolding approach. We found the nanoceria decorated on various types of scaffolds (fibrous or 3D-printed one; named nCe-scaffold) could render a therapeutic surface that can recapitulate the microenvironment: modulating oxidative stress while offering a nanotopological cue to regenerating cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recognized the nanoscale (tens of nm) topology of nCe-scaffolds, presenting highly upregulated curvature-sensing membrane protein, integrin set, and adhesion-related molecules. Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were further significantly enhanced by the nCe-scaffolds. Of note, the stimulated osteogenic potential was identified to be through integrin-mediated TGF-β co-signaling activation. Such MSC-regulatory effects were proven in vivo by the accelerated bone formation in rat calvarium defect model. The nCe-scaffolds further exhibited profound enzymatic and catalytic potential, leading to effectively scavenging reactive oxygen species in vivo. When implanted in diabetic calvarium defect, nCe-scaffolds significantly enhanced early bone regeneration. We consider the currently-exploited nCe-scaffolds can be a promising drug- and cell-free therapeutic means to treat defective tissues like bone in diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Suk Yoon
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Chengji Li
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Amal George Kurian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Hyun Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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19
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Abstract
We address the effect of stochastic resetting on diffusion and subdiffusion process. For diffusion we find that mean square displacement relaxes to a constant only when the distribution of reset times possess finite mean and variance. In this case, the leading order contribution to the probability density function (PDF) of a Gaussian propagator under resetting exhibits a cusp independent of the specific details of the reset time distribution. For subdiffusion we derive the PDF in Laplace space for arbitrary resetting protocol. Resetting at constant rate allows evaluation of the PDF in terms of H function. We analyze the steady state and derive the rate function governing the relaxation behavior. For a subdiffusive process the steady state could exist even if the distribution of reset times possesses only finite mean.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - K Górska
- Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, PL-31342 Kraków, Poland
| | - T Sandev
- Research Center for Computer Science and Information Technologies, Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Bul. Krste Misirkov 2, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
- Institute of Physics & Astronomy, University of Potsdam, D-14776 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Arhimedova 3, 1000 Skopje, Macedonia
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20
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Kurian AG, Singh RK, Lee JH, Kim HW. Surface-Engineered Hybrid Gelatin Methacryloyl with Nanoceria as Reactive Oxygen Species Responsive Matrixes for Bone Therapeutics. ACS Appl Bio Mater 2022; 5:1130-1138. [PMID: 35193358 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Designing various transplantable biomaterials, especially nanoscale matrixes for bone regeneration, involves precise tuning of topographical features. The cellular fate on such engineered surfaces is highly influenced by many factors imparted by the surface modification (hydrophilicity, stiffness, porosity, roughness, ROS responsiveness). Herein, hybrid matrixes of gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) decorated with uniform layers of nanoceria (nCe), called Ce@GelMA, were developed without direct incorporation of nCe into the scaffolds. The fabrication involves a simple base-mediated in situ deposition in which uniform nCe coatings were first made on GelMA hydrogels and then nCe layered GelMA scaffolds were made by cryodesiccation. In this hybrid platform, degradable GelMA biopolymer provides the porous microstructure and nCe provides the nanoscaled biointerface. The surface morphology and elemental composition of the matrixes analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) show uniform nCe distribution. The surface nanoroughness and chemistry of the matrixes were also characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The presence of nCe on GelMA enhanced its mechanical properties as confirmed by compressive modulus analysis. Substantial bonelike nanoscale hydroxyapatite formation was observed on scaffolds after simulated body fluid (SBF) immersion, which was confirmed by SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Moreover, the developed scaffolds could also be used as an antioxidant matrix owing to the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging property of nCe as assessed by 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) assay. The enhanced proliferation and viability of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) on the scaffold surface after 3 days of culture ensures the biocompatibility of the proposed material. Considering all, it is proposed that the micro/nanoscaled matrix could mimic the composition and function of hard tissues and could be utilized as degradable scaffolds in engineering bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal George Kurian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Nanobiomedical Science and BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Cell and Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.,Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
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21
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Kumar A, Venkatesan G, Hosamani M, Bhanuprakash V, Balamurugan V, Ramakrishnan MA, Singh RK. The complete genome sequence of Indian sheeppox vaccine virus and comparative analysis with other capripoxviruses. Gene 2022; 810:146085. [PMID: 34843879 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Sheeppox virus (SPPV) is responsible for a significant economic loss to sheep husbandry in enzootic regions of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia including the Indian subcontinent. In this study, we present the complete genome sequence of SPPV vaccine strain SPPV-Srin38/00 from India determined by next-generation sequencing (NGS) using Illumina technology. The attenuated Srinagar vaccine strain of SPPV (SPPV-Srin38/00) was developed by serial passaging the virus initially in lamb testes (LT) cells followed by Vero cell line. The SPPV-Srin38/00 virus has a genome size of 150, 103 bp, which encodes for 147 functional putative genes and consists of a central coding region flanked by two identical 2353 bp inverted terminal repeats (ITRs). Comparative phylogenetic analysis based on complete genome sequences of Capripoxviruses formed three distinct groups each for SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV with clustering of SPPV-Srin38/00 strain with SPPV-A strain. Nine ORFs of SPPV-Srin38/00 namely SPPV-Srin_002/SPPV-Srin_155, SPPV-Srin_004/SPPV-Srin_153, SPPV-Srin_009, SPPV-Srin_013, SPPV-Srin_026, SPPV-Srin_132, and SPPV-Srin_136 were found to be fragmented as compared to LSDV, whereas only one ORF (such as SPPV-Srin_136) was found to be fragmented as compared to GTPV. SPPV genomes, including the SPPV-Srin38/00 strain, shared 99.78-99.98% intraspecies nucleotide identity, indicating that SPPV strains have extremely low genetic diversity. The strain shared 96.80-97.08% and 97.11-97.61% nt identity with GTPV and LSDV strains, respectively. Its ORFs 016, 021, 022, 130 and 138 are the least identical ORFs among three species of the genus Capripoxvirus with 72.5-93% aa identity to GTPV and LSDV strains and may be potentially used for differentiation of CaPV species. This study may contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiology and evolution of capripoxviruses as well as the development of specific detection methods, better expression vectors, and vaccines with improved safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar
- Pox Virus Laboratory, Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Gnanavel Venkatesan
- Pox Virus Laboratory, Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - M Hosamani
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bengaluru campus, Karnataka, India
| | - V Bhanuprakash
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Bengaluru campus, Karnataka, India
| | - V Balamurugan
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - M A Ramakrishnan
- Pox Virus Laboratory, Division of Virology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Mukteswar, Uttarakhand, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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22
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Kurian AG, Singh RK, Patel KD, Lee JH, Kim HW. Multifunctional GelMA platforms with nanomaterials for advanced tissue therapeutics. Bioact Mater 2022; 8:267-295. [PMID: 34541401 PMCID: PMC8424393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric hydrogels are fascinating platforms as 3D scaffolds for tissue repair and delivery systems of therapeutic molecules and cells. Among others, methacrylated gelatin (GelMA) has become a representative hydrogel formulation, finding various biomedical applications. Recent efforts on GelMA-based hydrogels have been devoted to combining them with bioactive and functional nanomaterials, aiming to provide enhanced physicochemical and biological properties to GelMA. The benefits of this approach are multiple: i) reinforcing mechanical properties, ii) modulating viscoelastic property to allow 3D printability of bio-inks, iii) rendering electrical/magnetic property to produce electro-/magneto-active hydrogels for the repair of specific tissues (e.g., muscle, nerve), iv) providing stimuli-responsiveness to actively deliver therapeutic molecules, and v) endowing therapeutic capacity in tissue repair process (e.g., antioxidant effects). The nanomaterial-combined GelMA systems have shown significantly enhanced and extraordinary behaviors in various tissues (bone, skin, cardiac, and nerve) that are rarely observable with GelMA. Here we systematically review these recent efforts in nanomaterials-combined GelMA hydrogels that are considered as next-generation multifunctional platforms for tissue therapeutics. The approaches used in GelMA can also apply to other existing polymeric hydrogel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal George Kurian
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K. Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Kapil D. Patel
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, WC1X8LD, UK
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Department of Regenerative Dental Medicine, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
- Mechanobiology Dental Medicine Research Center, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
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23
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Chander V, Sharma GK, Bhatt M, Nandi S, Mahajan S, Singh M, Mahendran K, Karikalan M, Pawde AM, Gupta V, Singh KP, Rajak KK, Gupta VK, Singh RK. Isolation and genetic characterization of canine adenovirus type 2 from a domestic dog showing neurological symptoms. Braz J Microbiol 2021; 52:2521-2528. [PMID: 34128211 PMCID: PMC8203211 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-021-00540-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine adenoviruses (CAVs) are of two types: canine adenovirus type 1 (CAV-1), which causes infectious canine hepatitis, and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2), which is mainly associated with the respiratory type of disease in dogs. Due to the widespread use of modified live vaccines to control canine adenoviral infections and subsequently reduced disease incidence, CAVs are often neglected by clinicians. Although a number of studies are available about CAV-1 prevalence in India, only meagre information is available about CAV-2. This study reports the CAV-2 infection in a vaccinated dog with neurological and respiratory symptoms which was found negative for other canine pathogens like canine distemper virus and canine parvovirus. The virus was successfully isolated from rectal swab in MDCK cells and characterized by immunofluorescence assay and virus neutralization test. On phylogenetic analysis of partial E3 region, the Indian CAV-2 grouped in a separate clade different from established subgroups. An insertion of "G" nucleotide was reported at nucleotide (nt.) position 1077 in the E3 gene of Indian CAV-2 isolates which led to a frameshift in the coding region of E3 gene thereby imparting additional eleven amino acids to its C-terminal end in comparison to isolates from other parts of the world. This may have an implication on the functional role of E3 protein inside the cell. This study reinforces the unique signature insertion in the E3 gene of Indian CAV-2 and is the second study in the world to report the association of CAV-2 with neurological disease in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Chander
- Virology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - G K Sharma
- Virology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Mukesh Bhatt
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim, 737102, India
| | - Sukdeb Nandi
- Virology Laboratory, Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI), Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - S Mahajan
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- Immunology Section, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - K Mahendran
- Referral Veterinary Polyclinic, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - M Karikalan
- Centre for Wildlife, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Abhijit M Pawde
- Division of Veterinary Surgery, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Vikas Gupta
- CCS National Institute of Animal Health, Baghpat, Uttar Pradesh, 250609, India
| | - K P Singh
- Pathology Laboratory, CADRAD, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - K K Rajak
- Divison of Biological Products, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - V K Gupta
- CADRAD, ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India.
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR-IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
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24
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Mishra N, Singh M, Singh RK, Saxena S. Elevated advanced glycation end products are associated with subfoveal ellipsoid zone disruption in diabetic macular edema. Indian J Ophthalmol 2021; 69:3199-3202. [PMID: 34708772 PMCID: PMC8725141 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1244_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), due to increased production and a slow turnover rate, serve as mediators of “metabolic memory” even after the resolution of hyperglycemia. A prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the association of AGEs with subfoveal ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption in diabetic macular edema (DME). Methods: A tertiary-care-center-based cross-sectional study included 40 consecutive cases with DME and 20 healthy controls in the age group of 40–65 years. All the study subjects underwent spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for cross-sectional imaging of the retina. The EZ was defined as a hyperreflective band below the external limiting membrane. The disruption of EZ was graded as intact EZ and disrupted EZ. Serum AGEs were assessed by assay of Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (Nε-CML) using the standard protocol. Data were analyzed statistically. Results: Subfoveal EZ disruption was noted in 80% (32/40) of the cases of DME. In the cases without EZ disruption, visual acuity (LogMAR VA) was 0.60 ± 0.52, whereas in cases with EZ disruption, LogMAR VA was 0.96 ± 0.56 (P < 0.001). In the cases without EZ disruption, Nε-CML was 94.31 ± 57 ng/mL, whereas in cases with EZ disruption Nε-CML was 120.64 ± 71.98 ng/mL (P < 0.001). Conclusion: In DME, increased levels of AGEs are significantly associated with EZ disruption on SD-OCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nibha Mishra
- Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Malvika Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicological Research, Lucknow and Department of Biochemistry, State Medical College Bahraich, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sandeep Saxena
- Department of Ophthalmology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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25
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Wani SA, Sahu AR, Khan RIN, Praharaj MR, Saxena S, Rajak KK, Muthuchelvan D, Sahoo A, Mishra B, Singh RK, Mishra BP, Gandham RK. Proteome Modulation in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Peste des Petits Ruminants Vaccinated Goats and Sheep. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:670968. [PMID: 34631844 PMCID: PMC8493254 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.670968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, healthy goats and sheep (n = 5) that were confirmed negative for peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) antibodies by monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA and by serum neutralization test and for PPRV antigen by s-ELISA were vaccinated with Sungri/96. A quantitative study was carried out to compare the proteome of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of vaccinated goat and sheep [5 days post-vaccination (dpv) and 14 dpv] vs. unvaccinated (0 day) to divulge the alteration in protein expression following vaccination. A total of 232 and 915 proteins were differentially expressed at 5 and 14 dpv, respectively, in goats. Similarly, 167 and 207 proteins were differentially expressed at 5 and 14 dpv, respectively, in sheep. Network generated by Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was “infectious diseases, antimicrobial response, and inflammatory response,” which includes the highest number of focus molecules. The bio functions, cell-mediated immune response, and humoral immune response were highly enriched in goats at 5 dpv and at 14 dpv. At the molecular level, the immune response produced by the PPRV vaccine virus in goats is effectively coordinated and stronger than that in sheep, though the vaccine provides protection from virulent virus challenge in both. The altered expression of certain PBMC proteins especially ISG15 and IRF7 induces marked changes in cellular signaling pathways to coordinate host immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmad Wani
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.,College of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Amit Ranjan Sahu
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Raja Ishaq Nabi Khan
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Praharaj
- Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology -National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Shikha Saxena
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Kaushal Kishor Rajak
- Division of Biological Products, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Dhanavelu Muthuchelvan
- Division of Virology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteswar, India
| | - Aditya Sahoo
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Bina Mishra
- Division of Biological Products, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - R K Singh
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Bishnu Prasad Mishra
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Gandham
- Division of Veterinary Biotechnology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research - Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India.,Systems Biology Lab, Department of Biotechnology -National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad, India
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26
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Meghnani D, Gupta H, Singh SK, Srivastava N, Mishra R, Tiwari RK, Patel A, Tiwari A, Singh RK. Enhanced Cyclic Stability of LiNi
0.815
Co
0.15
Al
0.035
O
2
Cathodes by Surface Modification with BiPO
4
for Applications in Rechargeable Lithium Polymer Batteries. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipika Meghnani
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Himani Gupta
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Shishir K. Singh
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Nitin Srivastava
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Raghvendra Mishra
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Rupesh K. Tiwari
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Anupam Patel
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Anurag Tiwari
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
| | - Rajendra K. Singh
- Ionic Liquid and Solid-State Ionics Lab Department of Physics, Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi 221005 India
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Kumar H, Panigrahi M, Saravanan KA, Rajawat D, Parida S, Bhushan B, Gaur GK, Dutt T, Mishra BP, Singh RK. Genome-wide detection of copy number variations in Tharparkar cattle. Anim Biotechnol 2021; 34:448-455. [PMID: 34191685 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2021.1942027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Copy number variations (CNVs) are major forms of genetic variation with an increasing importance in animal genomics. This study used the Illumina BovineSNP 50 K BeadChip to detect the genome-wide CNVs in the Tharparkar cattle. With the aid of PennCNV software, we noticed a total of 447 copy number variation regions (CNVRs) across the autosomal genome, occupying nearly 2.17% of the bovine genome. The average size of detected CNVRs was found to be 122.2 kb, the smallest CNVR being 50.02 kb in size, to the largest being 1,232.87 Kb. Enrichment analyses of the genes in these CNVRs gave significant associations with molecular adaptation-related Gene Ontology (GO) terms. Most CNVR genes were significantly enriched for specific biological functions; signaling pathways, sensory responses to stimuli, and various cellular processes. In addition, QTL analysis of CNVRs described them to be linked with economically essential traits in cattle. The findings here provide crucial information for constructing a more comprehensive CNVR map for the indigenous cattle genome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Manjit Panigrahi
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - K A Saravanan
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Divya Rajawat
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Subhashree Parida
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - G K Gaur
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - Triveni Dutt
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - B P Mishra
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
| | - R K Singh
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Bareilly, India
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Tiwari RK, Singh SK, Gupta H, Srivastava N, Meghnani D, Mishra R, Patel A, Tiwari A, Tiwari VK, Singh RK. Multifaceted ethylenediamine and hydrothermal assisted optimum reduced GO‐nanosulfur composite as high capacity cathode for lithium‐sulfur batteries. Electrochemical Science Adv 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rupesh K. Tiwari
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Shishir K. Singh
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Himani Gupta
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Nitin Srivastava
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Dipika Meghnani
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Raghvendra Mishra
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Anupam Patel
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Anurag Tiwari
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Vimal K. Tiwari
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
| | - Rajendra K. Singh
- Ionic Liquid and Solid‐State Ionics Laboratory Department of Physics Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Varanasi India
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Chaulya SK, Chowdhury A, Kumar S, Singh RS, Singh SK, Singh RK, Prasad GM, Mandal SK, Banerjee G. Fugitive dust emission control study for a developed smart dry fog system. J Environ Manage 2021; 285:112116. [PMID: 33581456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution due to dust emission is continuously increasing day by day in mining and allied industrial areas. Mining operations contribute a substantial amount of dust emission at the crushing, screening, and bulk material handling in loading areas. The ambient suspended dust particles create a severe nuisance to workers and local dwellers. For effective controlling of positive dust emission, an innovative automated dry fog dust suppression system (DFDSS) has been developed using hybrid nozzles, sensors, actuators, controllers, screw compressors, air receivers, pumps, motors, and water arrangement with filtration facility. The DFDSS was installed in a crushing and screening plant of an iron ore mine in India. Performance study indicted fugitive dust emission concentration values ranged from 354 to 7040 μg m-3, which was reduced to 91-300 μg m-3 after installation of DFDSS. The reduced values were within the permissible limit of 1200 μg m-3 at a distance of 25 ± 2 m in the predominant downwind direction. The installed DFDSS added a meager addition of moisture content of 0.032% in the handling iron ore material, which was below the acceptable limit of 0.1%. The DFDSS precisely regulated fugitive dust emission from various mining activities without affecting the minerals processing performance. Thus, the DFDSS can be implemented effectively in different mining and allied industries where there is a dust emission problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Chaulya
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India.
| | - A Chowdhury
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
| | - R S Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
| | - S K Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
| | - R K Singh
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
| | - G M Prasad
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
| | - S K Mandal
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
| | - G Banerjee
- CSIR-Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Barwa Road, Dhanbad, 826 001, India
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Kim HS, Lee JH, Mandakhbayar N, Jin GZ, Kim SJ, Yoon JY, Jo SB, Park JH, Singh RK, Jang JH, Shin US, Knowles JC, Kim HW. Therapeutic tissue regenerative nanohybrids self-assembled from bioactive inorganic core / chitosan shell nanounits. Biomaterials 2021; 274:120857. [PMID: 33965799 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Natural inorganic/organic nanohybrids are a fascinating model in biomaterials design due to their ultra-microstructure and extraordinary properties. Here, we report unique-structured nanohybrids through self-assembly of biomedical inorganic/organic nanounits, composed of bioactive inorganic nanoparticle core (hydroxyapatite, bioactive glass, or mesoporous silica) and chitosan shell - namely Chit@IOC. The inorganic core thin-shelled with chitosan could constitute as high as 90%, strikingly contrasted with the conventional composites. The Chit@IOC nanohybrids were highly resilient under cyclic load and resisted external stress almost an order of magnitude effectively than the conventional composites. The nanohybrids, with the nano-roughened surface topography, could accelerate the cellular responses through stimulated integrin-mediated focal adhesions. The nanohybrids were also able to load multiple therapeutic molecules in the core and shell compartment and then release sequentially, demonstrating controlled delivery systems. The nanohybrids compartmentally-loaded with therapeutic molecules (dexamethasone, fibroblast growth factor 2, and phenamil) were shown to stimulate the anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and osteogenic events of relevant cells. When implanted in the in vivo calvarium defect model with 3D-printed scaffold forms, the therapeutic nanohybrids were proven to accelerate new bone formation. Overall, the nanohybrids self-assembled from Chit@IOC nanounits, with their unique properties (ultrahigh inorganic content, nano-topography, high resilience, multiple-therapeutics delivery, and cellular activation), can be considered as promising 3D tissue regenerative platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sem Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Guang-Zhen Jin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Ji-Young Yoon
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Seung Bin Jo
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hui Park
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeog Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ueon Sang Shin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea.
| | - Jonathan C Knowles
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; UCL Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1X 8LD, UK
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea; Cell & Matter Institute, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea.
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Singh RK, Kumar V, Ganguly R, Patel J, Daga D. Helmet shielding effect in mandibular fractures during road traffic accident. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2021; 12:56-61. [PMID: 34188401 PMCID: PMC8191562 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_150_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objectives of this study are to evaluate the proportion of helmeted and nonhelmeted patients sustaining mandibular fractures. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 200 patients reporting to oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) unit, trauma center, and department of OMFS. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data. Patients were evaluated for age, gender, mode of transport (2/4 wheeler), presence of safety measure at the time of accident (helmet/seatbelt), maxillofacial injury in two wheeler (with helmet and without helmet), type of impact, and its association to maxillofacial fractures, particularly site of maxillofacial fractures. The association between mode of injury, presence of safety measures, impact type, and site of maxillofacial injuries was assessed using the Chi-square test. P < 0.5 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age of patients was 30 years, and approximately 92.5% of accidents patients were male. In this study, 35% nonhelmeted riders were reported head injury and 5% of the helmeted rider reported head injury. 54.5% of the patients suffered frontal impact, 28% collision, and 17.5% lateral slide collision. Head injuries are the main cause of death among the riders of all two wheelers. Lateral sliding collision injuries (17.5%) resulted 60.6% of the fractures mandible, 24.2% midface injury, and associated injury (15.15%). Conclusion: The use of helmet is strongly recommended to prevent head injuries and facial injuries. In the nonhelmeted riders in motorcycle accidents, the incidence of mandible fractures increases proportionally.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Virendra Kumar
- Department of Dentistry, SN Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Roop Ganguly
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jatin Patel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dipti Daga
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Saravanan KA, Panigrahi M, Kumar H, Parida S, Bhushan B, Gaur GK, Dutt T, Mishra BP, Singh RK. Genomic scans for selection signatures revealed candidate genes for adaptation and production traits in a variety of cattle breeds. Genomics 2021; 113:955-963. [PMID: 33610795 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Domestication and selection are the major driving forces responsible for the determinative genetic variability in livestock. These selection patterns create unique genetic signatures within the genome. BovineSNP50 chip data from 236 animals (seven indicine and five taurine cattle breeds) were analyzed in the present study. We implemented three complementary approaches viz. iHS (Integrated haplotype score), ROH (Runs of homozygosity), and FST, to detect selection signatures. A total of 179, 56, and 231 regions revealed 518, 277, and 267 candidate genes identified by iHS, ROH, and FST methods, respectively. We found several candidate genes (e.g., NCR3, ARID5A, HIST1H2BN, DEFB4, DEFB7, HSPA1L, HSPA1B, and DNAJB4) related to production traits and the adaptation of indigenous breeds to local environmental constraints such as heat stress and disease susceptibility. However, further studies are warranted to refine the findings using a larger sample size, whole-genome sequencing, and/or high density genotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Saravanan
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Manjit Panigrahi
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
| | - Harshit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Subhashree Parida
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - G K Gaur
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Triveni Dutt
- Livestock Production & Management section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - B P Mishra
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - R K Singh
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
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Kumar H, Panigrahi M, Saravanan KA, Parida S, Bhushan B, Gaur GK, Dutt T, Mishra BP, Singh RK. SNPs with intermediate minor allele frequencies facilitate accurate breed assignment of Indian Tharparkar cattle. Gene 2021; 777:145473. [PMID: 33549713 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Tharparkar cattle breed is widely known for its superior milch quality and hardiness attributes. This study aimed to develop an ultra-low density breed-specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype panel to accurately quantify Tharparkar populations in biological samples. In this study, we selected and genotyped 72 Tharparkar animals randomly from Cattle & Buffalo Farm of IVRI, India. This Bovine SNP50 BeadChip genotypic datum was merged with the online data from six indigenous cattle breeds and five taurine breeds. Here, we used a combination of pre-selection statistics and the MAF-LD method developed in our laboratory to analyze the genotypic data obtained from 317 individuals of 12 distinct breeds to identify breed-informative SNPs for the selection of Tharparkar cattle. This methodology identified 63 unique Tharparkar-specific SNPs near intermediate gene frequencies. We report several informative SNPs in genes/QTL regions affecting phenotypes or production traits that might differentiate the Tharparkar breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Manjit Panigrahi
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India.
| | - K A Saravanan
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Subhashree Parida
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - G K Gaur
- Division of Animal Genetics, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - Triveni Dutt
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - B P Mishra
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
| | - R K Singh
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, UP, India
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Kuprat AP, Jalali M, Jan T, Corley RA, Asgharian B, Price O, Singh RK, Colby S, Darquenne C. Efficient bi-directional coupling of 3D Computational Fluid-Particle Dynamics and 1D Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry lung models for multiscale modeling of aerosol dosimetry. J Aerosol Sci 2021; 151:105647. [PMID: 34024935 PMCID: PMC8136587 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2020.105647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of predictive aerosol dosimetry models has been a major focus of environmental toxicology and pharmaceutical health research for decades. One-dimensional (1D) models successfully predict overall deposition averages but fail to accurately predict local deposition. Computational fluid-particle dynamics (CFPD) models provide site-specific predictions but at a computational cost that prohibits whole lung predictions. Thus, there is a need for developing multiscale strategies to provide a realistic subject-specific picture of the fate of inhaled aerosol in the lungs. CT-based 3D/CFPD models of the large airways were bidirectionally coupled with individualized 1D Navier-Stokes airflow and particle transport based upon the widely used Multiple Path Particle Dosimetry Model (MPPD). Distribution of airflows among lobes was adjusted by measured lobar volume changes observed in CT images between FRC and FRC + 1.5 L. As a test of the effectiveness of the coupling procedures, deposition modeling of previous 1 μm aerosol exposure studies was performed. The complete coupled model was run for 3 breaths, with the computation-intense portion being the 3D CFPD Lagrangian particle tracking calculation. The average deposition per breath was 11% in the combined multiscale model with site-specific doses available in the CFPD portion of the model and airway- or region-specific deposition available for the MPPD portion. In conclusion, the key methods developed in this study enable predictions of ventilation heterogeneities and aerosol deposition across the lungs that are not captured by 3D or 1D models alone. These methods can be used as the foundation for multi-scale modeling of the full respiratory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Kuprat
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - M Jalali
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - T Jan
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - R A Corley
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
- Greek Creek Toxicokinetics Consulting, LLC, Boise, ID, USA
| | - B Asgharian
- Applied Research Associates, Arlington Division, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - O Price
- Applied Research Associates, Arlington Division, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - R K Singh
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - S Colby
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - C Darquenne
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
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Qayoom S, Bharti A, Jaiswal R, Agarwal P, Singh RK, Agarwal SP, Bhalla S, Makker A, Goel M. Can dual staining with p16 and Ki67 be biomarkers of epithelial dysplasia in oral lesions? J Cancer Res Ther 2021; 18:1003-1008. [PMID: 36149153 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_40_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Goyal P, Singh RK, Gangwar S, Mohammad S, Pal US, Singh G. Effect of duloxetine in temporomandibular joint disorders: A comparison with arthrocentesis. Natl J Maxillofac Surg 2020; 11:219-223. [PMID: 33897184 PMCID: PMC8051665 DOI: 10.4103/njms.njms_86_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study was conducted to compare the efficacy of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrocentesis, duloxetine therapy alone, and duloxetine in combination with TMJ arthrocentesis in the treatment of painful TMJ. Materials and Methods Thirty patients with TMJ pain were included in the study who were divided into three groups with ten patients in each group. Group A included patients having only TMJ arthrocentesis; in Group B, only duloxetine therapy (30 mg) was given twice a day orally for 3 months; and in Group C, a combination of TMJ arthrocentesis with duloxetine therapy (30 mg) was given twice a day orally for 3 months. Patients were followed at regular interval of the 1st day, 5th day, 7th day, 4th week, 6th week, and 12th week and assessed in terms of pain, maximum mouth opening (mm), clicking, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Rating Scale and estimation of interleukin-6 (IL-6). The data collected were compiled and statistically analyzed. Results The pain was found to be significantly lower in Group C than other groups at weeks 4, 6, and 12. In Group C, mouth opening increased significantly than Groups A and B on subsequent follow-ups. On biochemical analysis of IL-6 levels in lavage fluid, a significant decrease was observed in levels of IL-6 in lavage fluid in Groups A and C postoperatively. Conclusion The present study states that pain was observed to be much less after arthrocentesis along with duloxetine therapy. This combination therapy leads to much better and faster outcome, but still, long-term follow-ups with larger number of patients are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pawan Goyal
- Senior Resident, Faculty of Dental Sciences, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpi Gangwar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chandra Dental College, Dharsania, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shadab Mohammad
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - U S Pal
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Geeta Singh
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Sciences, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Abstract
Pycnodysostosis is a rare autosomal recessive osteosclerotic bone disorder associated with short stature and multiple bony abnormalities. Growth hormone (GH) deficiency may contribute to short stature in about 50% of patients. Available literature has rarely reported other pituitary hormone deficiencies in pyknodysostosis. Though the management remains conservative, recombinant human GH (rhGH) has been tried in selected patients. Here we present a case of pycnodysostosis which was evaluated for associated co-morbidities and found to have multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies. A 7-year-old girl was referred to our centre for evaluation of short stature. On examination, she had frontal and occipital bossing, limited mouth opening, hyperdontia with multiple carries, short and stubby digits and short stature. Investigation revealed dense sclerotic bones with frontal and occipital bossing, non-fusion of sutures with obtuse mandibular angle, non-pneumatised sinuses, small ‘J’ shaped sella turcica, acro-osteolysis of digits and absent medullary cavities. Cathepsin-K gene mutation analysis confirmed the diagnosis of pycnodysostosis. She was screened for associated co-morbidities and was found to have concomitant GH deficiency. Treatment with rhGH brought about an increase of 1 standard deviation score in height over 2 years and also unmasked central hypothyroidism at three months necessitating thyroxine replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishesh Verma
- Armed Forces Medical College, Department of Endocrinology, Pune, India,* Address for Correspondence: Armed Forces Medical College, Department of Endocrinology, Pune, India E-mail:
| | - RK Singh
- Command Hospital, Clinic of Paediatrics, Lucknow, India
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Gupta A, Hiremath SS, Singh SK, Poudyal S, Niraula SR, Baral DD, Singh RK. Emergence of Primary Teeth in Children of Sunsari District of Eastern Nepal. Mcgill J Med 2020. [DOI: 10.26443/mjm.v10i1.622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT: This study assessed the timing and eruption sequence of primary teeth in children of Sunsari district of Eastern Nepal and compared the eruption pattern of males & females between various, ethnic groups.
Method: This cross-sectional study, included 501 subjects, aged 3 months to 60 months selected by simple random sampling method. The determinant variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, and eruption of teeth were recorded.
Results: This study provides a model data on emergence of primary teeth and number of deciduous teeth in these children. This is a first study of its kind in Nepal. The findings of this study will help as a reference data for optimal use in clinical, academic, and research activities, especially for children of Eastern Nepal.
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Bala M, Handa S, D M, Singh RK. Physicochemical, functional and rheological properties of grass pea ( Lathyrus sativus L.) flour as influenced by particle size. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05471. [PMID: 33251356 PMCID: PMC7679255 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Different properties of grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) flour passed through 60, 72, 85, 100, 150 and 200 mesh sieves and in the size range of 249-74 μm were studied. The protein content reduced while fat content improved significantly with diminution in particle size. Flowability, capacities to absorb water and form foam as well as stability of foam decreased while increase in swelling capacity, swelling index, oil absorption capacity was observed with decrease in flour particle size. Bimodal curve patterns were obtained for coarse flour samples of 249 μm and 211 μm using light scattering analysis. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that starch granules were of variable shape embedded in protein and fibre matrix. The flour with fine particle size exhibited greater values for peak, final, break down and set back viscosities and the dough from fine particles showed highest values for storage modulus (G′), loss modulus (G″),|G∗| and |η∗|.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manju Bala
- ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Saksham Handa
- Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Mridula D
- ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR-Central Institute of Post-Harvest Engineering and Technology, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
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Dodge N, Russo DA, Blossom BM, Singh RK, van Oort B, Croce R, Bjerrum MJ, Jensen PE. Water-soluble chlorophyll-binding proteins from Brassica oleracea allow for stable photobiocatalytic oxidation of cellulose by a lytic polysaccharide monooxygenase. Biotechnol Biofuels 2020; 13:192. [PMID: 33292428 PMCID: PMC7708235 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-020-01832-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs) are indispensable redox enzymes used in industry for the saccharification of plant biomass. LPMO-driven cellulose oxidation can be enhanced considerably through photobiocatalysis using chlorophyll derivatives and light. Water soluble chlorophyll binding proteins (WSCPs) make it is possible to stabilize and solubilize chlorophyll in aqueous solution, allowing for in vitro studies on photostability and ROS production. Here we aim to apply WSCP-Chl a as a photosensitizing complex for photobiocatalysis with the LPMO, TtAA9. RESULTS We have in this study demonstrated how WSCP reconstituted with chlorophyll a (WSCP-Chl a) can create a stable photosensitizing complex which produces controlled amounts of H2O2 in the presence of ascorbic acid and light. WSCP-Chl a is highly reactive and allows for tightly controlled formation of H2O2 by regulating light intensity. TtAA9 together with WSCP-Chl a shows increased cellulose oxidation under low light conditions, and the WSCP-Chl a complex remains stable after 24 h of light exposure. Additionally, the WSCP-Chl a complex demonstrates stability over a range of temperatures and pH conditions relevant for enzyme activity in industrial settings. CONCLUSION With WSCP-Chl a as the photosensitizer, the need to replenish Chl is greatly reduced, enhancing the catalytic lifetime of light-driven LPMOs and increasing the efficiency of cellulose depolymerization. WSCP-Chl a allows for stable photobiocatalysis providing a sustainable solution for biomass processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Dodge
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - D A Russo
- Department of Bioorganic Analytics, Institute for Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - B M Blossom
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B van Oort
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, and LaserLaB Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Croce
- Biophysics of Photosynthesis, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Sciences, and LaserLaB Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M J Bjerrum
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - P E Jensen
- Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
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Abstract
Context Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is one of the fastest growing malignancies. It is the most common subtype of Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in childhood. It has three major subtypes - endemic, sporadic, and immunodeficiency-associated types. Aims This study aims to study the clinicomorphologic features of this disease entity and to find optimal imaging technique for such cases. Setting and Design A retrospective observational study in a tertiary care center of academic and research potential. Subjects and Methods We are presenting three unusual cases of sporadic type of BL who presented initially as localized right iliac fossa mass mimicking as acute appendicitis. Initially, localized presentation progressed to diffuse abdominal mass lesions causing intestinal obstruction. Results These cases had emphasized the importance of accurate diagnosis by the ultrasonography (USG) or computed tomography (CT) scan for early diagnosis so as to manage such cases simply by early appropriate medical treatment. Conclusion In this article, we will discuss the clinical and imaging features of BL with the role of USG, CT scan and positron emission tomography/CT in the abdominopelvic imaging of pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunita Dashottar
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Military Hospital (CTC), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - B S Sunita
- Department of Pathology, Army Hospital R&R, New Delhi, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Anaesthesia, Pacific Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vandana Rana
- Department of Pathology, Command Hospital (SC), Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Virender Suhag
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Army Hospital R&R, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Singh
- Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Army Hospital R&R, New Delhi, India
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Kargozar S, Singh RK, Kim HW, Baino F. "Hard" ceramics for "Soft" tissue engineering: Paradox or opportunity? Acta Biomater 2020; 115:1-28. [PMID: 32818612 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering provides great possibilities to manage tissue damages and injuries in modern medicine. The involvement of hard biocompatible materials in tissue engineering-based therapies for the healing of soft tissue defects has impressively increased over the last few years: in this regard, different types of bioceramics were developed, examined and applied either alone or in combination with polymers to produce composites. Bioactive glasses, carbon nanostructures, and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are among the most widely-proposed hard materials for treating a broad range of soft tissue damages, from acute and chronic skin wounds to complex injuries of nervous and cardiopulmonary systems. Although being originally developed for use in contact with bone, these substances were also shown to offer excellent key features for repair and regeneration of wounds and "delicate" structures of the body, including improved cell proliferation and differentiation, enhanced angiogenesis, and antibacterial/anti-inflammatory activities. Furthermore, when embedded in a soft matrix, these hard materials can improve the mechanical properties of the implant. They could be applied in various forms and formulations such as fine powders, granules, and micro- or nanofibers. There are some pre-clinical trials in which bioceramics are being utilized for skin wounds; however, some crucial questions should still be addressed before the extensive and safe use of bioceramics in soft tissue healing. For example, defining optimal formulations, dosages, and administration routes remain to be fixed and summarized as standard guidelines in the clinic. This review paper aims at providing a comprehensive picture of the use and potential of bioceramics in treatment, reconstruction, and preservation of soft tissues (skin, cardiovascular and pulmonary systems, peripheral nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, skeletal muscles, and ophthalmic tissues) and critically discusses their pros and cons (e.g., the risk of calcification and ectopic bone formation as well as the local and systemic toxicity) in this regard. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Soft tissues form a big part of the human body and play vital roles in maintaining both structure and function of various organs; however, optimal repair and regeneration of injured soft tissues (e.g., skin, peripheral nerve) still remain a grand challenge in biomedicine. Although polymers were extensively applied to restore the lost or injured soft tissues, the use of bioceramics has the potential to provides new opportunities which are still partially unexplored or at the very beginning. This reviews summarizes the state of the art of bioceramics in this field, highlighting the latest evolutions and the new horizons that can be opened by their use in the context of soft tissue engineering. Existing results and future challenges are discussed in order to provide an up-to-date contribution that is useful to both experienced scientists and early-stage researchers of the biomaterials community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Kargozar
- Tissue Engineering Research Group (TERG), Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 917794-8564, Iran.
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
| | - Francesco Baino
- Institute of Materials Physics and Engineering, Applied Science and Technology Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy.
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Mehrotra D, Dwivedi R, Nandana D, Singh RK. From injectable to 3D printed hydrogels in maxillofacial tissue engineering: A review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 10:680-689. [PMID: 33072505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This review aims at describing different types of hydrogels in context to their composition, fabrication techniques and other specific features along with an insight into the latest advancements including smart hydrogels, 3D printed, programmable, shape memory and self-healing hydrogels for their applicability as scaffold in maxillofacial bone and cartilage tissue regeneration. Methods Electronic database searches were undertaken on PubMed, Ovid, Medline, Embase, ProQuest and science direct for English language literature, published for application of hydrogels in maxillofacial bone and cartilage tissue engineering. The search items used in this article were hydrogel, bone and cartilage tissue engineering, maxillofacial, clinical trials. Reviews and in vitro studies were excluded. Results Search for injectable hydrogel showed 4955 articles, when restricted to bone tissue engineering results were reduced to 463 and for cartilage engineering to 335; when we limited it to maxillofacial bone and cartilage tissue engineering, search results showed 49 articles to which 9 additional articles were included from references, after exclusion of in-vitro studies and duplicates 16 articles were obtained for our study. Similarly, for 3D printed hydrogels, result showed 1126 articles, which got restricted to 19 when searched for maxillofacial bone and cartilage engineering, then 2 additional articles were included directly from references, and finally after exclusion of the invitro studies and duplicates, a total of 5 articles were obtained. Conclusion Modifications in hydrogel can improve the mechanical properties, biocompatibility and unique chemistries for its use in bone and cartilage tissue engineering for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mehrotra
- Professor, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Ruby Dwivedi
- Research Student, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Deepti Nandana
- Research Student, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - R K Singh
- Professor, Dept of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Dhanze H, Kumar MS, Singh V, Gupta M, Bhilegaonkar KN, Kumar A, Mishra BP, Singh RK. Detection of recent infection of Japanese encephalitis virus in swine population using IgM ELISA: A suitable sentinel to predict infection in humans. J Immunol Methods 2020; 486:112848. [PMID: 32891615 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2020.112848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a mosquito-borne flaviviral zoonotic disease and is one of the major causes of encephalitis in children. Swine, being an amplifier host of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), play an important role in its epidemiology. Therefore, early detection of either JEV or antibodies against JEV in swine is a feasible alternative for initiating necessary measures to prevent the spread of infection to humans. Since IgM antibodies appear early in swine sera, recombinant NS1 protein based indirect IgM ELISA was developed in the present study with the objective to know the recent infection of swine population with JEV. The relative diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the developed ELISA was 95.34% and 98.6%, respectively. The developed ELISA was found to have excellent reproducibility on inter-laboratory and inter-institutional validation studies. A total of 3,027 field swine sera samples were screened using the developed ELISA and 488 samples were found positive for IgM against JEV with an overall sero-positivity of 16.12% in swine population of India. The highest sero-positivity was observed in swine population of Eastern zone of India which coincided with the maximum number of human JE cases reported from this zone during the same period. Further, antibody kinetics study revealed that the IgM antibodies against NS1 protein of JEV started appearing in swine sera at day 5 and disappeared completely by day 40. The IgG antibodies started appearing at day 7, and remained for more than 365 days indicating the suitability of IgM ELISA to know the recent infection of JEV. The developed IgM ELISA can be readily incorporated into surveillance programs for detection of JEV activity in swine population so that outbreaks in humans can be prevented by taking suitable preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dhanze
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
| | - M Suman Kumar
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - V Singh
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - M Gupta
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | | | - A Kumar
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India
| | - B P Mishra
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, India
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Sharun K, Sircar S, Malik YS, Singh RK, Dhama K. How close is SARS-CoV-2 to canine and feline coronaviruses? J Small Anim Pract 2020; 61:523-526. [PMID: 32785948 PMCID: PMC7436317 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - S Sircar
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - Y S Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - R K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
| | - K Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243 122, India
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Saravanan KA, Panigrahi M, Kumar H, Parida S, Bhushan B, Gaur GK, Kumar P, Dutt T, Mishra BP, Singh RK. Genome-wide assessment of genetic diversity, linkage disequilibrium and haplotype block structure in Tharparkar cattle breed of India. Anim Biotechnol 2020; 33:297-311. [PMID: 32730141 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2020.1796696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about genetic diversity is very essential for the management and sustainable utilization of livestock genetic resources. In this study, we presented a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of genetic diversity, ROH, inbreeding, linkage disequilibrium, effective population size and haplotype block structure in Tharparkar cattle of India. A total of 24 Tharparkar animals used in this study were genotyped with Illumina BovineSNP50 array. After quality control, 22,825 biallelic SNPs were retained, which were in HWE, MAF > 0.05 and genotyping rate >90%. The overall mean observed (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) were 0.339 ± 0.156 and 0.325 ± 0.129, respectively. The average minor allele frequency was 0.234 with a standard deviation of ± 0.131. We identified a total of 1832 ROH segments and the highest autosomal coverage of 13.87% was observed on chromosome 23. The genomic inbreeding coefficients estimates by FROH, FHOM, FGRM and FUNI were 0.0589, 0.0215, 0.0532 and 0.0160 respectively. The overall mean linkage disequilibrium (LD) for a total of 133,532 pairwise SNPs measured by D' and r2 was 0.6452 and 0.1339, respectively. In addition, we observed a gradual decline in effective population size over the past generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Saravanan
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Manjit Panigrahi
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Harshit Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Subhashree Parida
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Bharat Bhushan
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - G K Gaur
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Pushpendra Kumar
- Division of Animal Genetics, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Triveni Dutt
- Livestock Production and Management Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - B P Mishra
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - R K Singh
- Division of Animal Biotechnology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
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Singh P, Alam M, Kumar S, Anand K, Gangwar VK, Ghosh S, Sawada M, Shimada K, Singh RK, Ghosh AK, Chatterjee S. Roles of Re-entrant cluster glass state and spin-lattice coupling in magneto-dielectric behavior of giant dielectric double perovskite La 1.8Pr 0.2CoFeO 6. J Phys Condens Matter 2020; 32:445801. [PMID: 32688353 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aba778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
La based Co-Fe combined double perovskite (La1.8Pr0.2CoFeO6) was synthesized and the dielectric (zero-field and in-field), magnetic, x-ray absorption and Raman spectroscopy measurements have been investigated for La1.8Pr0.2CoFeO6 double perovskite. The existence of re-entrant cluster glass state is observed. The magneto-dielectric (MD) is found in two temperature regions (25-80 K and 125-275 K). It has been demonstrated that the observed MD at low and high temperatures are respectively due to the spin freezing and the spin-lattice coupling. Furthermore, the very large dielectric constant and the low loss suggest that La1.8Pr0.2CoFeO6 is very important from the application point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prajyoti Singh
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi-221005, India
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Abstract
Polymers in shear flow are ubiquitous and we study their motion in a viscoelastic fluid under shear. Employing Hookean dumbbells as representative, we find that the center-of-mass motion follows: 〈x_{c}^{2}(t)〉∼γ[over ̇]^{2}t^{α+2}, generalizing the earlier result: 〈x_{c}^{2}(t)〉∼γ[over ̇]^{2}t^{3}(α=1). Here 0<α<1 is the coefficient defining the power-law decay of noise correlations in the viscoelastic media. Motion of the relative coordinate, on the other hand, is quite intriguing in that 〈x_{r}^{2}(t)〉∼t^{β} with β=2(1-α), for small α. This implies nonexistence of the steady state, making it inappropriate for addressing tumbling dynamics. We remedy this pathology by introducing a nonlinear spring with FENE-LJ interaction and study tumbling dynamics of the dumbbell. We find that the tumbling frequency exhibits a nonmonotonic behavior as a function of shear rate for various degrees of subdiffusion. We also find that this result is robust against variations in the extension of the spring. We briefly discuss the case of polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.,Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
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Patel KD, Kim TH, Mandakhbayar N, Singh RK, Jang JH, Lee JH, Kim HW. Coating biopolymer nanofibers with carbon nanotubes accelerates tissue healing and bone regeneration through orchestrated cell- and tissue-regulatory responses. Acta Biomater 2020; 108:97-110. [PMID: 32165193 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tailoring the surface of biomaterial scaffolds has been a key strategy to modulate the cellular interactions that are helpful for tissue healing process. In particular, nanotopological surfaces have been demonstrated to regulate diverse behaviors of stem cells, such as initial adhesion, spreading and lineage specification. Here, we tailor the surface of biopolymer nanofibers with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to create a unique bi-modal nanoscale topography (500 nm nanofiber with 25 nm nanotubes) and report the performance in modulating diverse in vivo responses including inflammation, angiogenesis, and bone regeneration. When administered to a rat subcutaneous site, the CNT-coated nanofiber exhibited significantly reduced inflammatory signs (down-regulated pro-inflammatory cytokines and macrophages gathering). Moreover, the CNT-coated nanofibers showed substantially promoted angiogenic responses, with enhanced neoblood vessel formation and angiogenic marker expression. Such stimulated tissue healing events by the CNT interfacing were evidenced in a calvarium bone defect model. The in vivo bone regeneration of the CNT- coated nanofibers was significantly accelerated, with higher bone mineral density and up-regulated osteogenic signs (OPN, OCN, BMP2) of in vivo bone forming cells. The in vitro studies using MSCs could demonstrate accelerated adhesion and osteogenic differentiation and mineralization, supporting the osteo-promoting mechanism behind the in vivo bone forming event. These findings highlight that the CNTs interfacing of biopolymer nanofibers is highly effective in reducing inflammation, promoting angiogenesis, and driving adhesion and osteogenesis of MSCs, which eventually orchestrate to accelerate tissue healing and bone regeneration process. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Here we demonstrate that the interfacing of biopolymer nanofibers with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) could modulate multiple interactions of cells and tissues that are ultimately helpful for the tissue healing and bone regeneration process. The CNT-coated scaffolds significantly reduced the pro-inflammatory signals while stimulating the angiogenic marker expressions. Furthermore, the CNT-coated scaffolds increased the bone matrix production of bone forming cells in vivo as well as accelerated the adhesion and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro. These collective findings highlight that the CNTs coated on the biopolymer nanofibers allow the creation of a promising platform for nanoscale engineering of biomaterial surface that can favor tissue healing and bone regeneration process, through a series of orchestrated events in anti-inflammation, pro-angiogenesis, and stem cell stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapil D Patel
- Institue of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hyun Kim
- Institue of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Nandin Mandakhbayar
- Institue of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Rajendra K Singh
- Institue of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyeog Jang
- Department of Biochemistry, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwan Lee
- Institue of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Won Kim
- Institue of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomaterials Science, School of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea; UCL Eastman-Korea Dental Medicine Innovation Centre, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Chatterjee PM, Krishan K, Singh RK, Kanchan T. Sex estimation from the femur using discriminant function analysis in a Central Indian population. Med Sci Law 2020; 60:112-121. [PMID: 32050848 DOI: 10.1177/0025802419900576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is one of the major factors responsible for apparent variations in human skeletal anatomy. Establishing the biological profile of the deceased is essential for personal identification in forensic and archaeological casework. To develop a reliable biological profile, sex allocation is an integral step required to determine age, race/ancestry and stature, given observable differences in aging and growth patterns and variations in morphological traits relating to ancestry. Sex estimation from long bones by visual examination is very difficult. However, metric observations are more objective and effective. This osteometric analysis focused on sex estimation from the femur using discriminant function analysis. Fourteen measurements were taken directly on 175 dry femora (117 males and 58 females), aged 20–60 years, from the Chhattisgarh region of Central India. Student’s t-test was applied to assess significant sex and size differences. Direct and stepwise discriminant function analyses were applied to derive discriminant function models for sex estimation. The three parameters that were selected for the discriminant function analysis included: transverse head diameter, bi-trochanteric distance and maximum shaft diameter. Males were more accurately classified than females. An overall accuracy of 80.6% was reported with direct discriminant function analysis and 76% with stepwise discriminant function analysis upon cross-validation. The transverse head diameter emerged to be the best predictor of sex. This study provides a database and standards for sex estimation from skeletal remains of an unknown nature based on discriminant function equations. This is one of the few studies conducted in India on dry bones, and we anticipate that it will guide forensic specialists in the identification of unknown skeletons from this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preetika M Chatterjee
- Department of Forensic Science, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh State, India
| | - Kewal Krishan
- Department of Anthropology (UGC Centre of Advanced Study), Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - R K Singh
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Government of Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Tanuj Kanchan
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
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