1
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Lin SP, Hong L, Hsieh CC, Lin YH, Chou YC, Santoso SP, Hsieh CW, Tsai TY, Cheng KC. In situ modification of foaming bacterial cellulose with chitosan and its application to active food packaging. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:135114. [PMID: 39233147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Owing to a lack of specific biological functions, bacterial cellulose (BC) has been restricted in its application to the field of active packaging. In this study, we developed antimicrobial packaging materials using foaming BC (FBC) with chitosan (CS) and applied it to the preservation of chilled sea bass. The material property analysis demonstrated that 1.5 % CS/FBC maintained a high water content of 91 %, a swelling ratio of 75.6 %, great stress of 1.61 MPa, and great strain of 1.87 %. CS incorporation into FBC also decreased its crystallinity from 73.39 % to 69.3 %. Meanwhile, 1.5 % CS/FBC also provided great antimicrobial ability against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by approximately 2 log colony-forming units/mL inhibition utilizing contact-killing. Results of the preservation assessment indicated that 1.5 % CS/FBC efficiently inhibited Shewanella putrefaciens growth, reduced total volatile basic nitrogen release, and slightly inhibited lipid oxidation. Based on the above results, CS/FBC is an ecofriendly biomaterial produced from a microorganism that possesses high absorbency and strong antibacterial properties, making it suitable for development as antibacterial active packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Ping Lin
- School of Food Safety, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; TMU Research Center for Digestive Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan; Research Center of Biomedical Device, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ling Hong
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Che Hsieh
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsin Lin
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chou
- Ph.D. Program in Drug Discovery and Development Industry, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, 37 Kalijudan, Surabaya 60114, Indonesia
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., Taichung City 402, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Yu Tsai
- Department of Food Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, 510 Zhongzheng Rd., Xinzhuang Dist., New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Optometry, Asia University, 500 Lioufeng Rd., Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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2
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Xiao S, Sun G, Huang S, Lin C, Li Y. Nanoarchitectonics-Based Materials as a Promising Strategy in the Treatment of Endodontic Infections. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:759. [PMID: 38931881 PMCID: PMC11207628 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endodontic infections arise from the interactive activities of microbial communities colonizing in the intricate root canal system. The present study aims to update the latest knowledge of nanomaterials, their antimicrobial mechanisms, and their applications in endodontics. A detailed literature review of the current knowledge of nanomaterials used in endodontic applications was performed using the PubMed database. Antimicrobial nanomaterials with a small size, large specific surface area, and high chemical activity are introduced to act as irrigants, photosensitizer delivery systems, and medicaments, or to modify sealers. The application of nanomaterials in the endodontic field could enhance antimicrobial efficiency, increase dentin tubule penetration, and improve treatment outcomes. This study supports the potential of nanomaterials as a promising strategy in treating endodontic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suli Xiao
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361003, China;
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Guanwen Sun
- Department of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen 361018, China;
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China;
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361003, China;
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen 361003, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361003, China;
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Xiamen 361003, China
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3
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Williams TC, Woznow T, Velapatino B, Asselin E, Nakhaie D, Bryce EA, Charles M. In vitro comparison of methods for sampling copper-based antimicrobial surfaces. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0244123. [PMID: 37847020 PMCID: PMC10714924 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02441-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Self-sanitizing surfaces such as copper (Cu) are increasingly used on high-touch surfaces to prevent the spread of harmful viruses and bacteria. Being able to monitor the antimicrobial properties of Cu is fundamental in measuring its antimicrobial efficacy. Thorough investigations into reliable methods to enumerate bacteria from self-sanitizing surfaces are lacking in the literature. This study demonstrates that direct use of Petrifilm on Cu surfaces most likely revives stressed and dying bacteria, which induces increased bacterial counts. This phenomenon was not observed with indirect collection methods. Studies assessing time-kill kinetics or long-term efficacy of Cu should consider the impact of the collection method chosen.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. C. Williams
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - T. Woznow
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B. Velapatino
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E. Asselin
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - D. Nakhaie
- Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - E. A. Bryce
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - M. Charles
- Division of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Vancouver Coastal Health, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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4
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Kaur H, Rosenberg M, Kook M, Danilian D, Kisand V, Ivask A. Antibacterial activity of solid surfaces is critically dependent on relative humidity, inoculum volume, and organic soiling. FEMS MICROBES 2023; 5:xtad022. [PMID: 38213394 PMCID: PMC10781430 DOI: 10.1093/femsmc/xtad022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial surface materials potentially prevent pathogen transfer from contaminated surfaces. Efficacy of such surfaces is assessed by standard methods using wet exposure conditions known to overestimate antimicrobial activity compared to dry exposure. Some dry test formats have been proposed but semi-dry exposure scenarios e.g. oral spray or water droplets exposed to ambient environment, are less studied. We aimed to determine the impact of environmental test conditions on antibacterial activity against the model species Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Surfaces based on copper, silver, and quaternary ammonium with known or claimed antimicrobial properties were tested in conditions mimicking microdroplet spray or larger water droplets exposed to variable relative air humidity in the presence or absence of organic soiling. All the environmental parameters critically affected antibacterial activity of the tested surfaces from no effect in high-organic dry conditions to higher effect in low-organic humid conditions but not reaching the effect size demonstrated in the ISO 22169 wet format. Copper was the most efficient antibacterial surface followed by silver and quaternary ammonium based coating. Antimicrobial testing of surfaces using small droplet contamination in application-relevant conditions could therefore be considered as one of the worst-case exposure scenarios relevant to dry use surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Kaur
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Merilin Rosenberg
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Mati Kook
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dmytro Danilian
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Vambola Kisand
- Institute of Physics, University of Tartu, W. Ostwaldi 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Angela Ivask
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Riia 23, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
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5
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Burmeister N, Zorn E, Preuss L, Timm D, Scharnagl N, Rohnke M, Wicha SG, Streit WR, Maison W. Low-Fouling and Antibacterial Polymer Brushes via Surface-Initiated Polymerization of a Mixed Zwitterionic and Cationic Monomer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 38033196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The use of surface-grafted polymer brushes with combined low-fouling and antibacterial functionality is an attractive strategy to fight biofilm formation. This report describes a new styrene derivative combining a quaternary ammonium group with a sulfobetaine group in one monomer. Surface-initiated polymerization of this monomer on titanium and a polyethylene (PE) base material gave bifunctional polymer brush layers. Grafting was achieved via surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization from titanium or heat-induced free-radical polymerization from plasma-activated PE. Both techniques gave charged polymer layers with a thickness of over 750 nm, as confirmed by ToF-SIMS-SPM measurements. The chemical composition of the brush polymers was confirmed by XPS and FT-IR analysis. The surface charge, characterized by the ζ potential, was positive at different pH values, and the number of solvent-accessible excess ammonium groups was found to be ∼1016 N+/cm2. This led to strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that was superior to a structurally related contact-active polymeric quaternary ammonium brush. In addition to this antibacterial activity, good low-fouling properties of the dual-function polymer brushes against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were found. This dual functionality is most likely due to the combination of antibacterial quaternary ammonium groups with antifouling sulfobetaines. The combination of both groups in one monomer allows the preparation of bifunctional brush polymers with operationally simple polymerization techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Burmeister
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eilika Zorn
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lena Preuss
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Universität Hamburg, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Donovan Timm
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nico Scharnagl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, Institute of Surface Science, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian G Wicha
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Universität Hamburg, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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6
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Li Y, Li B, Guo X, Wang H, Cheng L. Applications of quaternary ammonium compounds in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases: State-of-the-art and future directions. J Dent 2023; 137:104678. [PMID: 37634613 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the state-of-the-art developments of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) in the prevention and treatment of oral diseases. By discussing the structural diversity and the potential killing mechanism, we try to offer some insights for the future research of QACs. DATA, SOURCES & STUDY SELECTION A literature search was conducted in electronic databases (Web of Science, PubMed, Medline, and Scopus). Publications that involved the applications of QACs, especially those related to the prevention and treatment of oral diseases, are included. RESULTS We have reviewed the relevant research on QACs over the past two decades. The research results indicate that the current applications are mainly focused on dental material modification and direct pharmacological interventions. Concurrently, challenges such as potential risks to normal tissues and impediments in drug resistance and microbial persistence present certain application constraints. The latest studies have encompassed the exploration of smart materials and nanoparticle formulations. CONCLUSIONS The killing mechanism may possess a threshold related to charge density. However, the exact process remains enigmatic. The structural diversity and the exploration of intelligent materials and nanoparticle formulations provide directions in development of novel QACs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The intricate oral anatomy, combined with the multifaceted oral microbiome, necessitates specialized materials for the targeted prevention and treatment of oral pathologies. QACs represent a cohort of compounds distinguished by potent anti-infective and anti-tumor attributes. Innovations in intelligent materials and nanoparticle formulations amplify their potential in significantly advancing the prevention and therapeutic interventions for oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Bolei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Haohao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Center for Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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7
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Zorn E, Knaack JIH, Burmeister N, Scharnagl N, Rohnke M, Wicha SG, Maison W. Contact-Biocide TiO 2 Surfaces by Surface-Initiated Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization with Chemically Stable Phosphonate Initiators. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 37490748 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) is a powerful tool for grafting functional polymers from metal surfaces. It depends on the immobilization of suitable initiators on the surface before radical polymerization. Herein, we report a set of bifunctional initiators bearing a phosphonic acid group for surface binding and a bromoisobutyramide moiety for SI-ATRP. We have analyzed the impact of the connecting alkyl spacers on the grafting process of (vinylbenzyl)trimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC) from titanium as a base material. The thickness of the grafted polymer increased with the spacer length of the initiator. We obtained chemically stable polycationic surfaces with high charge densities of ∼1016 N+/cm2 leading to efficient contact activity of modified titanium coupons against S. aureus. Notably, SI-ATRP grafting was efficient with VBTAC as a styrene-derived ammonium compound. Thus, the reported protocol avoids post-grafting quaternization with toxic alkylating reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eilika Zorn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - J Iven H Knaack
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nils Burmeister
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nico Scharnagl
- Institute of Surface Science, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian G Wicha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Bundesstraße 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Ramos-Zúñiga J, Bruna N, Pérez-Donoso JM. Toxicity Mechanisms of Copper Nanoparticles and Copper Surfaces on Bacterial Cells and Viruses. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10503. [PMID: 37445681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper is a metal historically used to prevent infections. One of the most relevant challenges in modern society are infectious disease outbreaks, where copper-based technologies can play a significant role. Currently, copper nanoparticles and surfaces are the most common antimicrobial copper-based technologies. Despite the widespread use of copper on nanoparticles and surfaces, the toxicity mechanism(s) explaining their unique antimicrobial properties are not entirely known. In general, toxicity effects described in bacteria and fungi involve the rupture of membranes, accumulation of ions inside the cell, protein inactivation, and DNA damage. A few studies have associated Cu-toxicity with ROS production and genetic material degradation in viruses. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of the toxicity of copper nanoparticles and surfaces will contribute to developing and implementing efficient antimicrobial technologies to combat old and new infectious agents that can lead to disease outbreaks such as COVID-19. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the microbial toxicity of copper nanoparticles and surfaces and the gaps in this knowledge. In addition, we discuss potential applications derived from discovering new elements of copper toxicity, such as using different molecules or modifications to potentiate toxicity or antimicrobial specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Ramos-Zúñiga
- BioNanotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - Nicolás Bruna
- BioNanotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
| | - José M Pérez-Donoso
- BioNanotechnology and Microbiology Laboratory, Center for Bioinformatics and Integrative Biology (CBIB), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 8370186, Chile
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9
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Khan SA, Shakoor A. Recent Strategies and Future Recommendations for the Fabrication of Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, and Antibiofouling Biomaterials. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:3377-3405. [PMID: 37366489 PMCID: PMC10290865 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s406078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomaterials and biomedical devices induced life-threatening bacterial infections and other biological adverse effects such as thrombosis and fibrosis have posed a significant threat to global healthcare. Bacterial infections and adverse biological effects are often caused by the formation of microbial biofilms and the adherence of various biomacromolecules, such as platelets, proteins, fibroblasts, and immune cells, to the surfaces of biomaterials and biomedical devices. Due to the programmed interconnected networking of bacteria in microbial biofilms, they are challenging to treat and can withstand several doses of antibiotics. Additionally, antibiotics can kill bacteria but do not prevent the adsorption of biomacromolecules from physiological fluids or implanting sites, which generates a conditioning layer that promotes bacteria's reattachment, development, and eventual biofilm formation. In these viewpoints, we highlighted the magnitude of biomaterials and biomedical device-induced infections, the role of biofilm formation, and biomacromolecule adhesion in human pathogenesis. We then discussed the solutions practiced in healthcare systems for curing biomaterials and biomedical device-induced infections and their limitations. Moreover, this review comprehensively elaborated on the recent advances in designing and fabricating biomaterials and biomedical devices with these three properties: antibacterial (bacterial killing), antibiofilm (biofilm inhibition/prevention), and antibiofouling (biofouling inhibition/prevention) against microbial species and against the adhesion of other biomacromolecules. Besides we also recommended potential directions for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmad Khan
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Adnan Shakoor
- Department of Control and Instrumentation Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Burmeister N, Vollstedt C, Kröger C, Friedrich T, Scharnagl N, Rohnke M, Zorn E, Wicha SG, Streit WR, Maison W. Zwitterionic surface modification of polyethylene via atmospheric plasma-induced polymerization of (vinylbenzyl-)sulfobetaine and evaluation of antifouling properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 224:113195. [PMID: 36758459 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Zwitterionic polymer brushes were grafted from bulk polyethylene (PE) by air plasma activation of the PE surface followed by radical polymerization of the zwitterionic styrene derivative (vinylbenzyl)sulfobetaine (VBSB). Successful formation of dense poly-(VBSB)-brush layers was confirmed by goniometry, IR spectroscopy, XPS and ToF-SIMS analysis. The resulting zwitterionic layers are about 50-100 nm thick and cause extremely low contact angles of 10° (water) on the material. Correspondingly we determined a high density of > 1.0 × 1016 solvent accessible zwitterions/cm2 (corresponding to 2,0 *10-8 mol/cm2) by a UV-based ion-exchange assay with crystal violet. The elemental composition as determined by XPS and characteristic absorption bands in the IR spectra confirmed the presence of zwitterionic sulfobetaine polymer brushes. The antifouling properties of the resulting materials were evaluated in a bacterial adhesion test against gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus). We observed significantly reduced cellular adhesion of the zwitterionic material compared to pristine PE. These microbiological tests were complemented by tests in natural seawater. During a test period of 21 days, confocal microscopy revealed excellent antifouling properties and confirmed the operating antifouling mechanism. The procedure reported herein allows the efficient surface modification of bulk PE with zwitterionic sulfobetaine polymer brushes via a scalable approach. The resulting modified PE retains important properties of the bulk material and has excellent and durable antifouling properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Burmeister
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christel Vollstedt
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cathrin Kröger
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Timo Friedrich
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nico Scharnagl
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon GmbH, Institute of Surface Science, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Eilika Zorn
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian G Wicha
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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11
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Chen X, Zhou J, Qian Y, Zhao L. Antibacterial coatings on orthopedic implants. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100586. [PMID: 36896412 PMCID: PMC9988588 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
With the aging of population and the rapid improvement of public health and medical level in recent years, people have had an increasing demand for orthopedic implants. However, premature implant failure and postoperative complications frequently occur due to implant-related infections, which not only increase the social and economic burden, but also greatly affect the patient's quality of life, finally restraining the clinical use of orthopedic implants. Antibacterial coatings, as an effective strategy to solve the above problems, have been extensively studied and motivated the development of novel strategies to optimize the implant. In this paper, a variety of antibacterial coatings recently developed for orthopedic implants were briefly reviewed, with the focus on the synergistic multi-mechanism antibacterial coatings, multi-functional antibacterial coatings, and smart antibacterial coatings that are more potential for clinical use, thereby providing theoretical references for further fabrication of novel and high-performance coatings satisfying the complex clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xionggang Chen
- Institute of Physics & Optoelectronics Technology, Baoji Advanced Titanium Alloys and Functional Coatings Cooperative Innovation Center, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721016, PR China
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Institute of Physics & Optoelectronics Technology, Baoji Advanced Titanium Alloys and Functional Coatings Cooperative Innovation Center, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721016, PR China
| | - Yu Qian
- Institute of Physics & Optoelectronics Technology, Baoji Advanced Titanium Alloys and Functional Coatings Cooperative Innovation Center, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, 721016, PR China
| | - LingZhou Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Air Force Medical Center, The Fourth Military Medical University, Beijing, 100142, PR China
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12
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Zhukov AM, Solodilov VI, Tretyakov IV, Burakova EA, Yurkov GY. The Effect of the Structure of Iron-Containing Nanoparticles on the Functional Properties of Composite Materials Based on High-density Polyethylene. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s199079312205013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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13
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Hofman AH, Pedone M, Kamperman M. Protected Poly(3-sulfopropyl methacrylate) Copolymers: Synthesis, Stability, and Orthogonal Deprotection. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022; 2:169-180. [PMID: 35698473 PMCID: PMC9185742 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Because of their
permanent charge, strong polyelectrolytes remain
challenging to characterize, in particular, when they are combined
with hydrophobic features. For this reason, they are typically prepared
through a postmodification of a fully hydrophobic precursor. Unfortunately,
these routes often result in an incomplete functionalization or otherwise
require harsh reaction conditions, thus limiting their applicability.
To overcome these problems, in this work a strategy is presented that
facilitates the preparation of well-defined strong polyanions by starting
from protected 3-sulfopropyl methacrylate monomers. Depending on the
chemistry of the protecting group, the hydrophobic precursor could
be quantitatively converted into a strong polyanion under nucleophilic,
acidic, or basic conditions. As a proof of concept, orthogonally protected
diblock copolymers were synthesized, selectively deprotected, and
allowed to self-assemble in aqueous solution. Further conversion
into a fully water-soluble polyanion was achieved by deprotecting
the second block as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton H Hofman
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Pedone
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Zhao W, Libera M, Prysak M, Katz J, De Stefano L. An in vitro model of microbial contamination in the operating room. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2022; 110:2472-2479. [PMID: 35620867 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.35104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Infection associated with tissue-contacting biomedical devices is a compelling clinical problem initiated by the microbial colonization of the device surface. Among the possible sources of contaminating bacteria is the operating room (OR) itself, where viable bacteria in the atmosphere can sediment onto a device surface intraoperatively. We have developed an aerosolizing system that can reproducibly spray small quantities of aerosolized bacteria onto a surface to mimic OR contamination. This paper describes the design of the system and characterizes key aspects associated with its operation. The area density of sprayed bacteria is on the order of 102 /cm2 . Using titanium (Ti) alloy coupons as test substrates contaminated by staphylococci, we quantify the fraction of bacteria that are well adhered to the substrate, those that can be removed by sonication, and those that are not recovered after spraying. Despite the relatively low levels of surface contamination, we furthermore show that such a model is able to demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in colonization of Ti coupons modified by antimicrobial quaternary ammonium compounds relative to unmodified controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhan Zhao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
| | - Matthew Libera
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Jordan Katz
- Orthobond Corporation, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
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15
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Czieborowski M, Kemperman AJB, Rolevink E, Blom J, Visser T, Philipp B. A two-step bioluminescence assay for optimizing antibacterial coating of hollow-fiber membranes with polydopamine in an integrative approach. J Microbiol Methods 2022; 196:106452. [PMID: 35341879 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pure-water filtration membranes are often fouled by bacterial biofilms. Antibacterial coatings for preventing biofilm formation on such membranes should not rely on leaching of inhibiting compounds but should only be effective on surface contact. Certified assays for antibacterial coatings do not sufficiently exclude leaching effects and involve nutrient-rich cultivation media that do not correspond to conditions in pure-water systems. In this study, a two-step bioluminescence assay was developed for optimizing an antibacterial coating of PES/PVP ultrafiltration hollow-fiber membranes with a polydopamine as a sustainable, bio-inspired material for preventing bacterial biofilm formation. In the first step, leaching of the antimicrobial coating was analyzed by a bioluminescence assay with supernatants generated by washing coated membranes. In the second step, bioluminescence of bacterial biofilms on coated and uncoated membranes was measured using a nutrient-poor medium resembling site-specific conditions. Based on this bioluminescence assay, an optimized protocol for the coating process could be established by acidic polymerization of dopamine using 2 g/L sodium periodate and 4 g/L dopamine at 40 °C for 20 min reaction time. With coatings produced in this way, bioluminescence was reduced on coated membranes only while the corresponding supernatants exhibited no inhibitory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Czieborowski
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Münster, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Bodo Philipp
- Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Institute for Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Münster, Germany; Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Oekologie IME, Schmallenberg, Germany.
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16
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Laube T, Weisser J, Sachse S, Seemann T, Wyrwa R, Schnabelrauch M. Comparable Studies on Nanoscale Antibacterial Polymer Coatings Based on Different Coating Procedures. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:614. [PMID: 35214943 PMCID: PMC8875251 DOI: 10.3390/nano12040614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The antibacterial activity of different antibiotic and metal-free thin polymer coatings was investigated. The films comprised quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC) based on a vinyl benzyl chloride (VBC) building block. Two monomeric QAC of different alkyl chain lengths were prepared, and then polymerized by two different polymerization processes to apply them onto Ti surfaces. At first, the polymeric layer was generated directly on the surface by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). For comparison purposes, in a classical route a copolymerization of the QAC-containing monomers with a metal adhesion mediating phosphonate (VBPOH) monomers was carried out and the Ti surfaces were coated via drop coating. The different coatings were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) illustrating a thickness in the nanomolecular range. The cytocompatibility in vitro was confirmed by both live/dead and WST-1 assay. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated by two different assays (CFU and BTG, resp.,), showing for both coating processes similar results to kill bacteria on contact. These antibacterial coatings present a simple method to protect metallic devices against microbial contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Laube
- INNOVENT e.V., Biomaterials Department, 07745 Jena, Germany; (J.W.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Jürgen Weisser
- INNOVENT e.V., Biomaterials Department, 07745 Jena, Germany; (J.W.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Svea Sachse
- INNOVENT e.V., Biomaterials Department, 07745 Jena, Germany; (J.W.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Thomas Seemann
- INNOVENT e.V., Surface Technology Department, 07745 Jena, Germany;
| | - Ralf Wyrwa
- INNOVENT e.V., Biomaterials Department, 07745 Jena, Germany; (J.W.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthias Schnabelrauch
- INNOVENT e.V., Biomaterials Department, 07745 Jena, Germany; (J.W.); (S.S.); (R.W.); (M.S.)
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17
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Combining microscopy assays of bacteria-surface interactions to better evaluate antimicrobial polymer coatings. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0224121. [PMID: 35108075 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02241-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Validation of the antimicrobial performance of contact-killing polymer surfaces through experimental determination of bacterial adhesion or viability is essential for their targeted development and application. However, there is not yet a consensus on a single most appropriate evaluation method or procedure. Combining and benchmarking previously reported assays could reduce the significant variation and misinterpretation of efficacy data obtained from different methods. In this work, we systematically investigated the response of bacteria cells to anti-adhesive and antiseptic polymer coatings by combining (i) bulk solution-based, (ii) thin-film spacer-based and (iii) direct contact assays. In addition, we evaluated the studied assays using a five-point scoring framework that highlights key areas for improvement. Our data suggest that combined microscopy assays provide a more comprehensive representation of antimicrobial performance, thereby helping to identify effective types of antibacterial polymer coatings. Importance We present and evaluate a combination of methods for validating the efficacy of antimicrobial surfaces. Antimicrobial surfaces/coatings based on contact-killing components can be instrumental to functionalise a wide range of products. However, there is not yet a consensus on a single, most appropriate method to evaluate their performance. By combining three microscopy methods, we were able to discern contact killing effects at the single cell level that were not detectable by conventional bulk microbiological analyses. The developed approach is considered advantageous for the future targeted development of robust and sustainable antimicrobial surfaces.
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18
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van Rensburg W, Rautenbach M. Creating Robust Antimicrobial Materials with Sticky Tyrocidines. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11020174. [PMID: 35203778 PMCID: PMC8868332 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11020174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified antimicrobial and antifouling materials and surfaces can be used to limit the propagation of microorganisms on various surfaces and minimise the occurrence of infection, transfer, and spoilage. Increased demand for ‘green’ solutions for material treatment has pushed the focus towards to naturally produced antimicrobials. Tyrocidines, cyclo-decapeptides naturally produced by a soil bacterium Brevibacillus parabrevis, have a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, filamentous fungi, and yeasts. Continual losses in tyrocidine production highlighted the possible association of peptides to surfaces. It was found in this study that tyrocidines readily associates with many materials, with a selectivity towards polysaccharide-type materials, such as cellulose. Peptide-treated cellulose was found to remain active after exposure to a broad pH range, various temperatures, salt solutions, water washes, and organic solvents, with the sterilising activity only affected by 1% SDS and 70% acetonitrile. Furthermore, a comparison to other antimicrobial peptides showed the association between tyrocidines and cellulose to be unique in terms of antimicrobial activity. The robust association between the tyrocidines and various materials holds great promise in applications focused on preventing surface contamination and creating self-sterilising materials.
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19
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van Rensburg W, Laubscher WE, Rautenbach M. High throughput method to determine the surface activity of antimicrobial polymeric materials. MethodsX 2022; 8:101593. [PMID: 35004225 PMCID: PMC8720914 DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2021.101593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Surface colonization by microorganisms, combined with the rise in antibiotic resistance, is the main cause of production failures in various industries. Self-sterilising materials are deemed the best prevention of surface colonization. However, current screening methods for these sterilising materials are laborious and time-consuming. The disk diffusion antimicrobial assay and the Japanese industrial standard method for antimicrobial activity on solid surfaces, JIS Z 2801, were compared to our modified solid surface antimicrobial assay in terms of detecting the activity of antibiotic-containing cellulose disks against four bacterial pathogens. Our novel assay circumvents the long incubation times by utilising the metabolic active dye, resazurin, to shorten the time in which antibacterial results are obtained to less than 4 h. This assay allows for increased screening to identify novel sterilising materials for combatting surface colonisation.Disk diffusion assay could only detect the activity of small compounds that leached from the material over 20–24 h. JIS Z 2801 was also able to detect the surface activity of non-polar compounds, thought to be inactive based on the disk diffusion results. The resazurin solid surface antimicrobial assay could obtain the same results as the JIS Z 2801, within a shorter time and in a high-throughput 96-well plate setup.
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20
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Markowska-Szczupak A, Paszkiewicz O, Michalkiewicz B, Kamińska A, Wróbel RJ. Fabrication of Antibacterial Metal Surfaces Using Magnetron-Sputtering Method. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:7301. [PMID: 34885454 PMCID: PMC8658246 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
One-hundred-nanometer films consisting of silver, copper, and gold nanocrystallites were prepared, and their antibacterial properties were quantitatively measured. The magnetron-sputtering method was used for the preparation of the metallic films over the glass plate. Single- and double-layer films were manufactured. The films were thoroughly characterized with the XRD, SEM, EDS, and XPS methods. The antibacterial activity of the samples was investigated. Gram-negative Escherichia coli, strain K12 ATCC 25922 (E. coli), and Gram-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis, ATCC 49461 (S. epidermidis), were used in the microbial tests. The crystallite size was about 30 nm in the cases of silver and gold and a few nanometers in the case of copper. Significant oxidation of the copper films was proven. The antibacterial efficacy of the tested samples followed the order: Ag/Cu > Au/Cu > Cu. It was concluded that such metallic surfaces may be applied as contact-killing materials for a more effective fight against bacteria and viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Markowska-Szczupak
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Oliwia Paszkiewicz
- Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Beata Michalkiewicz
- Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (B.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Adrianna Kamińska
- Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (B.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.W.)
| | - Rafał Jan Wróbel
- Department of Catalytic and Sorbent Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland; (B.M.); (A.K.); (R.J.W.)
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21
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Michalska M, Divan R, Noirot P, Laible PD. Antimicrobial properties of nanostructured surfaces - demonstrating the need for a standard testing methodology. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17603-17614. [PMID: 34668503 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr02953c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioinspired nanostructured materials that exhibit antimicrobial properties are being synthesized and tested at increasing rates for use in healthcare, manufacturing processes, and diagnostics. Although progress has been made in improving and understanding their bactericidal activity, arguably, the biggest problem currently in the field is the lack of a standard testing methodology that allows for optimal characterization and better comparison of emerging nanostructures. Here, we examine two forms of nanostructured silicon that vary in their ability to kill certain bacterial species due to different physical mechanisms and derive guidelines for the comparative testing. We perform a comprehensive evaluation of methodologies used extensively in the field (e.g., colony counting and live dead analysis) and the novel application of high-throughput flow cytometry. The data reveal how the techniques are complementary but not always directly equivalent or correlative. Therefore, comparison of results obtained using different methodologies on different materials can be grossly misleading. We report significant variations in bactericidal efficiencies depending on experimental environments (medium type, etc.) and methodologies employed. In addition, we demonstrate how cytometry is yet another powerful complementary tool that can aid the mechanistic understanding of antimicrobial activities of rough surfaces. Besides standardization for comparison, ultimately, evaluation methods need to consider anticipated applications. Then and only then can the true potential (or limitation) of a novel material be determined for its suitability for advancement in a particular field of use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Michalska
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
| | - Ralu Divan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA
| | - Philippe Noirot
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
| | - Philip D Laible
- Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, USA.
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22
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Kim YJ, Kim JB, Song CS, Nahm SS. Disinfection of various materials with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecyl am-monium chloride in hatchery facilities. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:631-637. [PMID: 34696574 PMCID: PMC8902209 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Surface disinfection is important in the proper running of livestock farms. However, disinfection of farm equipment and facilities is difficult because they are made of different materials, besides having large surface areas and complex structures. 3-(trimethoxysilyl)-propyldimethyloctadecyl ammonium chloride (Si-QAC) is a quaternary ammonium salt-based disinfectant that attaches to various surfaces by forming covalent bonds and maintains its disinfecting capacity for a considerable time. Our aim was to evaluate the potential use of Si-QAC for disinfection of farm equipment and facilities. Methods The short- and long-term antimicrobial and antiviral effects of Si-QAC were evaluated in both laboratory and farm settings using modified quantitative assessment method based on the standard operating procedures of the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Results Si-QAC was highly effective in controlling the growth of the Newcastle disease virus and avian pathogenic Escherichia coli. Electron microscopy revealed that the mechanism underlying the disinfection activity of Si-QAC was associated with its ability to damage the outer membrane of the pathogen cells. In the field test, Si-QAC effectively reduced viral contamination of surfaces of equipment and space. Conclusion Our results suggest that Si-QAC has great potential as an effective chemical for disinfecting farm equipment and facilities. This disinfectant could retain its disinfection ability longer than other commercial disinfectants and contribute to better farm biosecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | | | - Chang-Seon Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.,KCAV Co., Ltd., Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Sang-Soep Nahm
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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23
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Cunliffe AJ, Askew PD, Stephan I, Iredale G, Cosemans P, Simmons LM, Verran J, Redfern J. How Do We Determine the Efficacy of an Antibacterial Surface? A Review of Standardised Antibacterial Material Testing Methods. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1069. [PMID: 34572650 PMCID: PMC8472414 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials that confer antimicrobial activity, be that by innate property, leaching of biocides or design features (e.g., non-adhesive materials) continue to gain popularity to combat the increasing and varied threats from microorganisms, e.g., replacing inert surfaces in hospitals with copper. To understand how efficacious these materials are at controlling microorganisms, data is usually collected via a standardised test method. However, standardised test methods vary, and often the characteristics and methodological choices can make it difficult to infer that any perceived antimicrobial activity demonstrated in the laboratory can be confidently assumed to an end-use setting. This review provides a critical analysis of standardised methodology used in academia and industry, and demonstrates how many key methodological choices (e.g., temperature, humidity/moisture, airflow, surface topography) may impact efficacy assessment, highlighting the need to carefully consider intended antimicrobial end-use of any product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander J. Cunliffe
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
| | - Peter D. Askew
- (Industrial Microbiological Services Ltd.) IMSL, Pale Lane, Hartley Whitney, Hants RG27 8DH, UK; (P.D.A.); (G.I.)
| | - Ina Stephan
- (Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung) BAM, Unter den Eichen 87, 12205 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Gillian Iredale
- (Industrial Microbiological Services Ltd.) IMSL, Pale Lane, Hartley Whitney, Hants RG27 8DH, UK; (P.D.A.); (G.I.)
| | | | - Lisa M. Simmons
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
| | - Joanna Verran
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
| | - James Redfern
- Department of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Chester Street, Manchester M1 5GD, UK;
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24
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Xiong SW, Fu PG, Zou Q, Chen LY, Jiang MY, Zhang P, Wang ZG, Cui LS, Guo H, Gai JG. Heat Conduction and Antibacterial Hexagonal Boron Nitride/Polypropylene Nanocomposite Fibrous Membranes for Face Masks with Long-Time Wearing Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:196-206. [PMID: 33356094 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Wearing surgical masks is one of the best protective measures to protect humans from viral invasion during the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. However, wearing surgical masks for extended periods will cause uncomfortable sweltering sense to users and are easy to breed bacteria. Here, we reported a novel fibrous membrane with outstanding comfortability and antibacterial activity prepared by PP ultrafine fiber nonwovens and antibacterial functionalized h-BN nanoparticles (QAC/h-BN). The thermal conductivity of commercial PP nonwovens was only 0.13 W m-1 K-1, but that of the QAC/h-BN/PP nanocomposite fibrous membranes can reach 0.88 W m-1 K-1, an enhancement of 706.5% than commercial PP nonwovens. The surface temperature of commercial PP surgical masks was 31.8 °C when the wearing time was 60 min. In contrast, QAC/h-BN/PP surgical masks can reach 33.6 °C at the same tested time, exhibiting stronger heat dissipation than commercial PP surgical masks. Besides, the antibacterial rates of QAC/h-BN/PP nanocomposite fibrous membranes were 99.3% for E. coli and 96.1% for S. aureus, and their antibacterial mechanism was based on "contact killing" without the release of unfavorable biocides. We think that the QAC/h-BN/PP nanocomposite fibrous membranes could provide better protection to people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Wei Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Pei-Gen Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Qian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Li-Ye Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Meng-Ying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - Ze-Gang Wang
- Shandong Chenzhong Machinery Co., Ltd, No.3 Jingtian Road, Tianzhuang Town, Huantai County, Zibo City, Shandong Province 256402, China
| | - Li-Sheng Cui
- Shandong Chenzhong Machinery Co., Ltd, No.3 Jingtian Road, Tianzhuang Town, Huantai County, Zibo City, Shandong Province 256402, China
| | - Hu Guo
- Shandong HFT Environmental Protection Technology CO., Ltd., Block B1, Chuangzhi Valley, Huantai County, Zibo City, Shandong Province 256400, China
| | - Jing-Gang Gai
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
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25
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Combatting fungal biofilm formation by diffusive release of fluconazole from heptylamine plasma polymer coating. Biointerphases 2020; 15:061012. [PMID: 33339460 DOI: 10.1116/6.0000511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A drug-eluting coating applied onto biomedical devices and implants is an appropriate way to ensure that an inhibitory concentration of antimicrobial drugs is present at the device surface, thus preventing surface colonization and subsequent biofilm formation. In this study, a thin polymer coating was applied to materials, and it acted as a drug-delivery reservoir capable of surface delivery of the antifungal drug fluconazole to amounts up to 21 μg/cm2. The release kinetics into aqueous solution were quantified by UV spectroscopy and conformed to the Ritger-Peppas and Korsmeyer-Peppas model. Complementary microbiological assays were used to determine effectiveness against Candida albicans attachment and biofilm formation, and against the control heptylamine plasma polymer coating without drug loading, on which substantial fungal growth occurred. Fluconazole release led to marked antifungal activity in all assays, with log 1.6 reduction in CFUs/cm2. Cell viability assays and microscopy revealed that fungal cells attached to the fluconazole-loaded coating remained rounded and did not form hyphae and biofilm. Thus, in vitro screening results for fluconazole-releasing surface coatings showed efficacy in the prevention of the formation of Candida albicans biofilm.
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26
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Jesmer AH, Wylie RG. Controlling Experimental Parameters to Improve Characterization of Biomaterial Fouling. Front Chem 2020; 8:604236. [PMID: 33363113 PMCID: PMC7759637 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.604236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled protein adsorption and cell binding to biomaterial surfaces may lead to degradation, implant failure, infection, and deleterious inflammatory and immune responses. The accurate characterization of biofouling is therefore crucial for the optimization of biomaterials and devices that interface with complex biological environments composed of macromolecules, fluids, and cells. Currently, a diverse array of experimental conditions and characterization techniques are utilized, making it difficult to compare reported fouling values between similar or different biomaterials. This review aims to help scientists and engineers appreciate current limitations and conduct fouling experiments to facilitate the comparison of reported values and expedite the development of low-fouling materials. Recent advancements in the understanding of protein-interface interactions and fouling variability due to experiment conditions will be highlighted to discuss protein adsorption and cell adhesion and activation on biomaterial surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan G. Wylie
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Okuzu Y, Fujibayashi S, Yamaguchi S, Masamoto K, Otsuki B, Goto K, Kawai T, Shimizu T, Morizane K, Kawata T, Shimizu Y, Hayashi M, Matsuda S. In vitro study of antibacterial and osteogenic activity of titanium metal releasing strontium and silver ions. J Biomater Appl 2020; 35:670-680. [PMID: 32954894 DOI: 10.1177/0885328220959584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Peri-prosthetic infection and loosening of implants are major problems in orthopaedic and dental surgery. To address these issues, surface treatment methods for titanium implants have been improved by modifying the alkali and heat treatment. We have previously fabricated calcium-treated Ti metal that releases Sr ions (CaSr-Ti), which resulted in a higher in vitro osteogenic response and early in vivo bone bonding.Further, we developed a Ti metal that released both Sr and Ag ions (CaSrAg-Ti). In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial ability and osteogenic cellular response of CaSrAg-Ti and CaSr-Ti in vitro using rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured on implant samples and extract mediums (EMs) made by immersing the implant samples in the medium. CaSrAg-Ti did not show cytotoxicity and was associated with a slightly higher osteogenic response when compared to CaSr-Ti, without inhibiting the effect of Sr. The osteogenic response was also observed in the cells cultured with the CaSrAg-Ti EM; however, the response was not as high as that of the cells on the CaSrAg-Ti implant sample. Significantly higher antibacterial activity was observed along with an antibacterial efficacy of more than 95% against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The main advantages of our surface treatment are its simplicity and low cost. Therefore, our treatment is promising for clinical applications in orthopaedic or dental Ti-based implants with antibacterial and early bone-bonding abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaichiro Okuzu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Fujibayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamaguchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Masamoto
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Bungo Otsuki
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Koji Goto
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kawai
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Shimizu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Morizane
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Tomotoshi Kawata
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Yu Shimizu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Makoto Hayashi
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
| | - Shuichi Matsuda
- Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University, Japan
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Dubus M, Varin-Simon J, Prada P, Scomazzon L, Reffuveille F, Alem H, Boulmedais F, Mauprivez C, Rammal H, Kerdjoudj H. Biopolymers-calcium phosphate antibacterial coating reduces the pathogenicity of internalized bacteria by mesenchymal stromal cells. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5763-5773. [PMID: 32945302 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00962h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A multifunctional material system that kills bacteria and drives bone healing is urgently sought to improve bone prosthesis. Herein, the osteoinductive coating made of calcium phosphate/chitosan/hyaluronic acid, named Hybrid, was proposed as an antibacterial substrate for stromal cell adhesion. This Hybrid coating possesses a contact-killing effect reducing by 90% the viability of Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) strains after 48 h of contact. In addition to the production of immunomodulatory mediators, Wharton's jelly (WJ-SCs), dental pulp (DPSCs) and bone marrow (BM-MSCs) derived stromal cells were able to release antibacterial and antibiofilm agents effective against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa strains, respectively. Studying the effect of the Hybrid coating on the internalization of S. aureus by the stromal cells, in acute-mimicking bone infection, highlighted an increase in the bacteria internalization by DPSCs and BM-MSCs when cultured on the Hybrid coating versus uncoated glass. Despite the internalization, Hybrid coating showed a beneficial effect by reducing the pathogenicity of the internalized bacteria. The formation of biofilm was reduced by at least 50% in comparison to internalized bacteria by stromal cells on uncoated glass. This work opens the route for the development of innovative antibacterial coatings by taking into account the internalization of bacteria by stromal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dubus
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, EA 4691, Biomatériaux et Inflammation en Site Osseux (BIOS), Reims, France.
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A tailored positively-charged hydrophobic surface reduces the risk of implant associated infections. Acta Biomater 2020; 114:421-430. [PMID: 32711080 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Implant-associated infections is one of the most challenging post-operative complications in bone-related implantations. To tackle this clinical issue, we developed a low-cost and durable surface coating for medical grade titanium implants that uses positively charged silane molecules. The in vitro antimicrobial tests revealed that the titanium surface coated with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane, which has the appropriate length of hydrophobic alkyl chain and positive charged amino group, suppressed more than 90% of the initial bacterial adhesion of S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli after 30 min of incubation. In terms of growth inhibitory rate, the treated surface was able to reduce 75.7% ± 11.9% of bacterial growth after a 24-hour culturing, thereby exhibiting superior anti-biofilm formation in the late stage. When implanted into the rat model infected by S. aureus, the treated surface eliminated the implant-associated infection through the mechanism of inhibition of bacterial adhesion on the implant surface. Additionally, the treated surface was highly compatible with mammalian cells. In general, our design demonstrated its potential for human clinical trials as a low-cost and effective antibacterial strategy to minimize post-operative implant-related bacterial infection.
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30
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Kreth J, Merritt J, Pfeifer C, Khajotia S, Ferracane J. Interaction between the Oral Microbiome and Dental Composite Biomaterials: Where We Are and Where We Should Go. J Dent Res 2020; 99:1140-1149. [PMID: 32479134 PMCID: PMC7443996 DOI: 10.1177/0022034520927690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental composites are routinely placed as part of tooth restoration procedures. The integrity of the restoration is constantly challenged by the metabolic activities of the oral microbiome. This activity directly contributes to a less-than-desirable half-life for the dental composite formulations currently in use. Therefore, many new antimicrobial dental composites are being developed to counteract the microbial challenge. To ensure that these materials will resist microbiome-derived degradation, the model systems used for testing antimicrobial activities should be relevant to the in vivo environment. Here, we summarize the key steps in oral microbial colonization that should be considered in clinically relevant model systems. Oral microbial colonization is a clearly defined developmental process that starts with the formation of the acquired salivary pellicle on the tooth surface, a conditioned film that provides the critical attachment sites for the initial colonizers. Further development includes the integration of additional species and the formation of a diverse, polymicrobial mature biofilm. Biofilm development is discussed in the context of dental composites, and recent research is highlighted regarding the effect of antimicrobial composites on the composition of the oral microbiome. Future challenges are addressed, including the potential of antimicrobial resistance development and how this could be counteracted by detailed studies of microbiome composition and gene expression on dental composites. Ultimately, progress in this area will require interdisciplinary approaches to effectively mitigate the inevitable challenges that arise as new experimental bioactive composites are evaluated for potential clinical efficacy. Success in this area could have the added benefit of inspiring other fields in medically relevant materials research, since microbial colonization of medical implants and devices is a ubiquitous problem in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Kreth
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - J. Merritt
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C.S. Pfeifer
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - S. Khajotia
- Department of Restorative Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - J.L. Ferracane
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Balhaddad AA, Ibrahim MS, Weir MD, Xu HH, Melo MAS. Concentration dependence of quaternary ammonium monomer on the design of high-performance bioactive composite for root caries restorations. Dent Mater 2020; 36:e266-e278. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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32
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Antibacterial chitosan electrostatic/covalent coating onto biodegradable poly ( -lactic acid). Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.105835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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33
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Shum RL, Liu SR, Caschera A, Foucher DA. UV-Curable Surface-Attached Antimicrobial Polymeric Onium Coatings: Designing Effective, Solvent-Resistant Coatings for Plastic Surfaces. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4302-4315. [PMID: 35025430 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Contact-active ammonium and phosphonium antimicrobial polymeric coatings grafted to plastic surfaces by UV treatment are described. Robust, antimicrobial styrenic polymeric scaffolds copolymerized with a low loading of UV-curable benzophenone were prepared by nitroxide-mediated polymerization (NMP). Similar reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT)-controlled radical polymerizations were attempted for comparison. These random styrenics were further functionalized into partially quaternarized water-soluble cationic polymers. UV-cured polymeric thin film coatings possessing cationic groups with n-alkyl substituents of n ≤ 2 demonstrate antimicrobial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, while species containing bulkier or longer substituents were biologically inactive. The UV-cured cationic antimicrobial polymeric onium thin films also demonstrate enhanced abrasion and chemical resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Shum
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - Siobhan R Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - Alexander Caschera
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
| | - Daniel A Foucher
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 2K3
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Liao TY, Easton CD, Thissen H, Tsai WB. Aminomalononitrile-Assisted Multifunctional Antibacterial Coatings. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:3349-3360. [PMID: 33463165 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Medical device associated infections remain a significant problem for all classes of devices at this point in time. Here, we have developed a surface modification technique to fabricate multifunctional coatings that combine antifouling and antimicrobial properties. Zwitterionic polymers providing antifouling properties and quaternary ammonium containing polymers providing antimicrobial properties were combined in these coatings. Throughout this study, aminomalononitrile (AMN) was used to achieve one-step coatings incorporating different polymers. The characterization of coatings was carried out using static water contact angle (WCA) measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), profilometry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), whereas the biological response in vitro was analyzed using Staphylococcus epidermidis and Escherichia coli as well as L929 fibroblast cells. Zwitterionic polymers synthesized from sulfobetaine methacrylate and 2-aminoethyl methacrylate were demonstrated to reduce bacterial attachment when incorporated in AMN assisted coatings. However, bacteria in suspension were not affected by this approach. On the other hand, alkylated polyethylenimine polymers, synthesized to provide quaternary ammonium groups, were demonstrated to have contact killing properties when incorporated in AMN assisted coatings. However, the high bacterial attachment observed on these surfaces may be detrimental in applications requiring longer-term bactericidal activity. Therefore, AMN-assisted coatings containing both quaternary and zwitterionic polymers were fabricated. These multifunctional coatings were demonstrated to significantly reduce the number of live bacteria not only on the modified surfaces, but also in suspension. This approach is expected to be of interest in a range of biomedical device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Ying Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Helmut Thissen
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Research Way, Clayton 3168, Victoria, Australia
| | - Wei-Bor Tsai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 106, Taiwan.,Advanced Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 1, Roosevelt Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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35
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Koufakis E, Manouras T, Anastasiadis SH, Vamvakaki M. Film Properties and Antimicrobial Efficacy of Quaternized PDMAEMA Brushes: Short vs Long Alkyl Chain Length. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:3482-3493. [PMID: 32168453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b03266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Quaternized poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) brushes bearing quaternary ammonium groups of different alkyl chain lengths (ACLs) were prepared and assessed as biocidal coatings. For the synthesis of the antimicrobial brushes, first well-defined PDMAEMA chains were grown by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization on glass and silicon substrates. Next, the tertiary amine groups of the polymer brushes were modified via a quaternization reaction, using alkyl halides, to obtain the cationic polymers. The polymer films were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, ellipsometry, atomic force microscopy, and water contact angle measurements. The effect of the ACL of the quaternary ammonium groups on the physicochemical properties of the films as well as the contact killing efficiency of the surfaces against representative Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was investigated. A hydrophilic to hydrophobic transition of the surfaces and a significant decrease of the degree of quaternization of the DMAEMA moieties was found upon increasing the ACL of the quaternization agent above six carbon atoms, allowing the wettability, the thickness, and the pH-response of the brushes to be tuned via a facile postpolymerization, quaternization reaction. At the same time, antimicrobial tests revealed that the hydrophilic polymer brushes exhibited enhanced bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli and Bacillus cereus, whereas the hydrophobic surfaces showed a significant deterioration of the in vitro bactericidal performance. Our results elucidate the antimicrobial action of quaternized polymer brushes, dictating the appropriate choice of the ACL of the quaternization agent for the development of coatings that effectively inhibit biofilm formation on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftherios Koufakis
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Theodore Manouras
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Spiros H Anastasiadis
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Vamvakaki
- Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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36
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Hornschuh M, Zwicker P, Schmidt T, Kramer A, Müller G. In vitro evaluation of contact-active antibacterial efficacy of Ti-Al-V alloys coated with the antimicrobial agent PHMB. Acta Biomater 2020; 106:376-386. [PMID: 32068136 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Immobilized polycationic substances on biomaterial surfaces kill adhering bacteria upon contact and are considered a promising non-antibiotic alternative. Unfortunately, there is no generally accepted in vitro method for quantitatively evaluating the antibacterial efficacy of contact-active non-leachable antimicrobial surfaces. Moreover, guidelines of generally accepted international industrial standards do not reflect the basic principle of bacterial contamination and/or are performed in the presence of a solid covering material. Therefore, in the present study, six bacterial adherence tests on non-porous surfaces with no covering material were compared with respect to their efficacy and reproducibility, as well as to evaluate the bactericidal contact-killing of relevant device-associated slime-producing bacteria using antimicrobially coated Ti6Al4V surfaces with positively-charged poly(hexamethylene biguanide) hydrochloride (PHMB). After direct bacterial inoculation to simulate a perioperative infection, non-leaching PHMB reacts bactericidally against the slime-producing bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa after surface contact. The 6-h drop technique was found to be a suitable method to quantitatively evaluate contact-active antibacterial surfaces. Adjunctively, however, damage of bacterial membrane integrity should be confirmed by LIVE/DEAD staining and the presence of non-leaching agents. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Unintentional perioperative bacterial adhesion to implant surfaces can generate biomaterial-associated infections. Adhered bacteria produce biofilms that protect them from antibiotic attack, which may be complicated by possible antibiotic resistance. Polycationic surfaces can prevent such unwanted biofilm formation by killing bacteria upon initial contact. Unfortunately, no reliable in vitro methods exist to evaluate the efficacy of contact-active antimicrobial surfaces. In this study, we show that the 6-h drop technique may be a suitable method to evaluate positively-charged contact-killing surfaces. Identification of suitable screening assays for evaluating the bactericidal efficacy of non-leachable antimicrobial agents will greatly improve this newly developing field as a prophylactic alternative to postoperative treatment of implant-associated infections by antibiotics.
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37
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Machado-Paula MM, Corat MAF, Lancellotti M, Mi G, Marciano FR, Vega ML, Hidalgo AA, Webster TJ, Lobo AO. A comparison between electrospinning and rotary-jet spinning to produce PCL fibers with low bacteria colonization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 111:110706. [PMID: 32279777 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.110706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
One of the important components in tissue engineering is material structure, providing a model for fixing and the development of cells and tissues, which allows for the transport of nutrients and regulatory molecules to and from cells. The community claims the need for new materials with better properties for use in the clinic. Poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is a biodegradable polymer, semi crystalline, with superior mechanical properties and has attracted an increasing interest due to its usefulness in various biomedical applications. Herein, two different methods (electrospinning versus rotary jet spinning) with different concentrations of PCL produced ultra thin-fibers each with particular characteristics, verified and analyzed by morphology, wettability, thermal and cytotoxicity features and for bacteria colonization. Different PCL scaffold morphologies were found to be dependent on the fabrication method used. All PCL scaffolds showed greater mammalian cell interactions. Most impressively, rotary-jet spun fibers showed that a special rough surface decreased bacteria colonization, emphasizing that no nanoparticle or antibiotic was used; maybe this effect is related with physical (scaffold) and/or biological mechanisms. Thus, this study showed that rotary jet spun fibers possess a special topography compared to electrospun fibers to reduce bacteria colonization and present no cytotoxicity when in contact with mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Machado-Paula
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Vale do Paraíba, São Jose dos Campos, SP 12244 - 000, Brazil; Nanomedicine Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - M A F Corat
- Multidisciplinary Center for Biological Research, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-877, Brazil
| | - M Lancellotti
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutic Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-877, Brazil
| | - G Mi
- Nanomedicine Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - F R Marciano
- Nanomedicine Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physics, UFPI - Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - M L Vega
- Materials and Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physics, UFPI - Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - A A Hidalgo
- Materials and Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Physics, UFPI - Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - T J Webster
- Nanomedicine Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - A O Lobo
- Nanomedicine Laboratories, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; LIMAV-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Department of Materials Engineering, UFPI - Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil.
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38
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In vitro evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy and durability of three copper surfaces used in healthcare. Biointerphases 2020; 15:011005. [PMID: 32041413 DOI: 10.1116/1.5134676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial properties of solid copper (Cu) surfaces against various microorganisms have been demonstrated, but little is known about the durability and relative antimicrobial efficacy of different Cu formulations currently used in healthcare. The aim of this study was to assess whether three different formulations of copper-bearing alloys (integral, spray-on and Cu-impregnated surfaces) and a stainless steel control differed in their antimicrobial efficacy, durability, and compatibility with hospital-grade cleaner/disinfectants. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency draft protocol for the evaluation of bactericidal activity of Cu containing alloys was modified to more accurately reflect cleaning methods in healthcare. The three different Cu alloys were evaluated using 25 × 25 × 3 mm disks subjected to one year of simulated cleaning and disinfection using the Wiperator™ with microfiber cloths presoaked in three common hospital disinfectants: accelerated hydrogen peroxide, quaternary ammonium, or sodium hypochlorite solutions. Bactericidal activity was evaluated using Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. While all Cu formulations exhibited some antimicrobial activity, integral and spray-on Cu alloys showed the greatest efficacy. Assessments of durability included documentation of changes in mass, morphological changes by scanning electron microscopy, chemical composition alteration by energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and surface roughness alteration using profilometry over one year of simulated use. The integral Cu alloy had the least mass loss (0.20% and 0.19%) and abrasion-corrosion rate (6.28 and 6.09 μm/yr) compared to stainless steel. The integral product also showed the highest durability. Exposure to disinfectants affected both the antimicrobial efficacy and durability of the various copper products.
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Kim MS, Oh GW, Jang YM, Ko SC, Park WS, Choi IW, Kim YM, Jung WK. Antimicrobial hydrogels based on PVA and diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) derived from brown alga Ishige okamurae: An in vitro and in vivo study for wound dressing application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 107:110352. [PMID: 31761165 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we fabricated polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels containing diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC) from Ishige okamurae for its anti-bacterial effect in wound-dressing applications. First, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of DPHC against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were investigated, and these were found to be about 128 μg/mL and 512 μg/mL, respectively. Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels loaded with different concentrations of DPHC were then produced for the dressing of wounds to assist in the healing process and to provide an antibacterial effect. To investigate the characteristics of the proposed PVA/DPHC hydrogels, we conducted SEM analysis, rheological analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, water swelling analysis, drug release testing, and gel fraction assessment. The antibacterial activity of the PVA/DPHC hydrogels was also tested against the gram-positive bacterium S. aureus and the gram-negative bacterium P. aeruginosa using ASTM E2149 tests. The biocompatibility of the PVA/DPHC hydrogels was assessed using in vitro indirect and direct contact tests and in vivo tests on ICR mice. The PVA/DPHC hydrogels exhibited the ability to reduce the viability of S. aureus and P. aeruginosa by about 99% in ASTM E2149 testing, while not producing any toxic effect on NHDF-Neo or HaCaT cells as shown in MTT assays and in vitro FDA fluorescence analysis. In addition, the PVA/DPHC hydrogels had a strong wound healing effect when compared to non-treated groups of ICR mice in vivo. Based on the characterization of the PVA/DPHC hydrogels in vitro and in vivo, this study suggests that the proposed hydrogel has significant potential for use in wound dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Woo Oh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Mi Jang
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Chun Ko
- Team of Marine Bio-resources, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seochun, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, Kangwon National University, School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Department of Microbiology, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan, 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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40
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Kliewer S, Wicha SG, Bröker A, Naundorf T, Catmadim T, Oellingrath EK, Rohnke M, Streit WR, Vollstedt C, Kipphardt H, Maison W. Contact-active antibacterial polyethylene foils via atmospheric air plasma induced polymerisation of quaternary ammonium salts. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 186:110679. [PMID: 31810045 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Polyethylene (PE) foils were modified with potent contact-active antibacterial quaternary ammonium salts (QAS) by an atmospheric air plasma activation step, followed by graft-polymerisation of vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride (VBTAC) monomers. The presented approach uses a cost efficient air plasma activation and subsequent radical polymerisation in highly concentrated aqueous monomer solutions to generate efficient antibacterial materials. The obtained contact-active poly-VBTAC modified PE foils feature a homogeneous and 300 nm thick polymer layer with a high charge density of approximately 1016 N+/cm2. The antibacterial properties were evaluated against Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa, E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. aureus, S. epidermidis) bacteria. The materials showed strong antibacterial activity by eradicating all the inoculated bacteria with bacterial challenges of 104 to 105 CFU/cm2 and good reductions even at maximum challenge (108 CFU/cm2). We have confirmed contact-activity by an agar diffusion assay. The obtained materials are therefore highly attractive for applications, for example, in packaging and are a contribution to an ecomic and green antimicrobial management without release of biocides to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Kliewer
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian G Wicha
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Bröker
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Naundorf
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tugba Catmadim
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Katharina Oellingrath
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Rohnke
- Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Center for Materials Science, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang R Streit
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christel Vollstedt
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ohnhorststrasse 18, 22609 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helmut Kipphardt
- Metall-Chemie Technologies GmbH, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Strasse 93, 20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- Universität Hamburg, Department of Chemistry, Bundesstrasse 45, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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41
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Mansi A, Boccuni F, Iavicoli S. Nanomaterials as a new opportunity for protecting workers from biological risk. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2019; 57:668-675. [PMID: 30814393 PMCID: PMC6885598 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2018-0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) represent a frequent complication for hospitalized patients and more rarely for workers. In recent years, substantial scientific evidence has been reached regarding the role played by the inanimate surfaces, especially those touched in patient-care areas, in the transmission of nosocomial pathogens. Therefore, it is essential to find new collective protective measures to minimize microbial contamination in healthcare facilities, thereby preventing the spread of multi-drug resistant bacteria. We present an overview of the major nano-enabled AntiMicrobial Coatings (AMCs) which may be used as collective protective measures in healthcare setting, discussing also some aspects related to their effectiveness and safety. AMCs may be classified within three groups on base of their mechanism of action: surfaces releasing active compound, contact-killing surfaces and anti-adhesive surfaces. To date, little information is available on the effectiveness of AMCs to reduce the risk of HAIs since the most of studies do not reach conclusive results on their beneficial effects. Moreover, the lack of standard protocols for assessing antimicrobial efficacy and poor data about the interaction between AMCs and disinfectants prevent their placing on the market. Further studies are needed for assessing risks and benefits of AMCs as collective protective measures in healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Mansi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy
| | - Fabio Boccuni
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy
| | - Sergio Iavicoli
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers' Compensation Authority (INAIL), Italy
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42
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Chien HW, Kuo CJ, Kao LH, Lin GY, Chen PY. Polysaccharidic spent coffee grounds for silver nanoparticle immobilization as a green and highly efficient biocide. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:168-176. [PMID: 31422193 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Spent coffee grounds (SCGs) contain abundant polysaccharides and several components with bioactivities. Despite many bio-functionalities, their bioactivities are not always satisfactory. Modifications of SCGs may overcome this issue. This work describes the method for reusing the SCGs as biological macromolecular supports and reducing agents to prepare silver nanoparticle (AgNP)/SCGS composites (AgNPs@SCGs) by biogenic synthesis. The AgNPs anchored on the surface of SCGs were synthesized by mixing the SCGs in AgNO3 solution with various pH conditions at room temperature. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) analysis confirmed the reduction of silver ions to AgNPs, and showed that the pH 4.5 condition could generate uniform and impurity-free AgNPs on the surface of SCGs. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the reducing process of AgNPs was mild and could preserve the original nature of the SCGs. The AgNPs@SCGs composites exhibited an excellent antimicrobial ability against S. aureus and E. coli compared to SCGs. The transformation of the polysaccharidic SCGs to AgNPs@SCGs composites by the green and sustainable method makes them highly valuable for developing the applications on antimicrobial products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiu-Wen Chien
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Photo-Sensitive Material Advanced Research and Technology Center (Photo-SMART Center), National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Kuo
- Photo-Sensitive Material Advanced Research and Technology Center (Photo-SMART Center), National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Heng Kao
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Guan-You Lin
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Material Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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43
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Reed JH, Gonsalves AE, Román JK, Oh J, Cha H, Dana CE, Toc M, Hong S, Hoffman JB, Andrade JE, Jo KD, Alleyne M, Miljkovic N, Cropek DM. Ultrascalable Multifunctional Nanoengineered Copper and Aluminum for Antiadhesion and Bactericidal Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:2726-2737. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julian H. Reed
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Andrew E. Gonsalves
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Jessica K. Román
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Junho Oh
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan
| | - Hyeongyun Cha
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan
| | - Catherine E. Dana
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Marco Toc
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Sungmin Hong
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Jacob B. Hoffman
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Juan E. Andrade
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Kyoo D. Jo
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
| | - Marianne Alleyne
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 505 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 1206 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana−Champaign, 104 South Goodwin Avenue, MC-230, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan
| | - Donald M. Cropek
- U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (CERL), 2902 Newmark Drive, Champaign, Illinois 61822, United States
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Ramstedt M, Ribeiro IAC, Bujdakova H, Mergulhão FJM, Jordao L, Thomsen P, Alm M, Burmølle M, Vladkova T, Can F, Reches M, Riool M, Barros A, Reis RL, Meaurio E, Kikhney J, Moter A, Zaat SAJ, Sjollema J. Evaluating Efficacy of Antimicrobial and Antifouling Materials for Urinary Tract Medical Devices: Challenges and Recommendations. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800384. [PMID: 30884146 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In Europe, the mean incidence of urinary tract infections in intensive care units is 1.1 per 1000 patient-days. Of these cases, catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) account for 98%. In total, CAUTI in hospitals is estimated to give additional health-care costs of £1-2.5 billion in the United Kingdom alone. This is in sharp contrast to the low cost of urinary catheters and emphasizes the need for innovative products that reduce the incidence rate of CAUTI. Ureteral stents and other urinary-tract devices suffer similar problems. Antimicrobial strategies are being developed, however, the evaluation of their efficacy is very challenging. This review aims to provide considerations and recommendations covering all relevant aspects of antimicrobial material testing, including surface characterization, biocompatibility, cytotoxicity, in vitro and in vivo tests, microbial strain selection, and hydrodynamic conditions, all in the perspective of complying to the complex pathology of device-associated urinary tract infection. The recommendations should be on the basis of standard assays to be developed which would enable comparisons of results obtained in different research labs both in industry and in academia, as well as provide industry and academia with tools to assess the antimicrobial properties for urinary tract devices in a reliable way.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabel A C Ribeiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Helena Bujdakova
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, 81499, Bratislava 1, Slovakia
| | - Filipe J M Mergulhão
- Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy (LEPABE), Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luisa Jordao
- Department of Environmental Health, Research and Development Unit, National Institute of Health Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Avenida Padre Cruz, 1649-016, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Peter Thomsen
- BioModics ApS, Stengårds Alle 31A, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Martin Alm
- BioModics ApS, Stengårds Alle 31A, DK-2800, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mette Burmølle
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Todorka Vladkova
- Department of Polymers, University of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy (UCTM), 8 Kliment Ohridski Blvd, 1756, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Fusun Can
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Koc University, 34450, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Meital Reches
- Institute of Chemistry and the Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Martijn Riool
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Barros
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group, I3Bs Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Guimarães, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - Emilio Meaurio
- Department of Mining-Metallurgy Engineering and Materials Science, POLYMAT, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leina, Bizkaia, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Judith Kikhney
- Biofilmcenter, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annette Moter
- Biofilmcenter, Department of Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian A J Zaat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jelmer Sjollema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV, Groningen, The Netherlands
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45
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Garcia IM, Rodrigues SB, Leitune VCB, Collares FM. Antibacterial, chemical and physical properties of sealants with polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e019. [PMID: 30892413 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of polyhexamethylene guanidine hydrochloride (PHMGH) in the physico-chemical properties and antibacterial activity of an experimental resin sealant. An experimental resin sealant was formulated with 60 wt.% of bisphenol A glycol dimethacrylate and 40 wt.% of triethylene glycol dimethacrylate with a photoinitiator/co-initiator system. PHMGH was added at 0.5 (G0.5%), 1 (G1%), and 2 (G2%) wt.% and one group remained without PHMGH, used as control (GCTRL). The resin sealants were analyzed for degree of conversion (DC), Knoop hardness (KHN), and softening in solvent (ΔKHN), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), contact angle (θ) with water or α-bromonaphthalene, surface free energy (SFE), and antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans for biofilm formation and planktonic bacteria. There was no significant difference for DC (p > 0.05). The initial Knoop hardness ranged from 17.30 (±0.50) to 19.50 (± 0.45), with lower value for GCTRL (p < 0.05). All groups presented lower KHN after immersion in solvent (p < 0.05). The ΔKHN ranged from 47.22 (± 4.30) to 57.22 (± 5.42)%, without significant difference (p > 0.05). The UTS ranged from 54.72 (± 11.05) MPa to 60.46 (± 6.50) MPa, with lower value for G2% (p < 0.05). PHMGH groups presented no significant difference compared to GCTRL in θ (p > 0.05). G2% showed no difference in SFE compared to GCTRL (p > 0.05). The groups with PHMGH presented antibacterial activity against biofilm and planktonic bacteria, with higher antibacterial activity for higher PHMGH incorporation (p < 0.05). PHMGH provided antibacterial activity for all resin sealant groups and the addition up to 1 wt.% showed reliable physico-chemical properties, maintaining the caries-protective effect of the resin sealant over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Martini Garcia
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stéfani Becker Rodrigues
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Vicente Castelo Branco Leitune
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Mezzomo Collares
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, School of Dentistry, Dental Materials Laboratory, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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46
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Aubert-Viard F, Mogrovejo-Valdivia A, Tabary N, Maton M, Chai F, Neut C, Martel B, Blanchemain N. Evaluation of antibacterial textile covered by layer-by-layer coating and loaded with chlorhexidine for wound dressing application. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 100:554-563. [PMID: 30948092 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to design a wound dressing able to release chlorhexidine (CHX) as antiseptic agent, ensuring long-lasting antibacterial efficacy during the healing. The textile nonwoven (polyethylene terephthalate) (PET) of the dressing was first modified by chitosan (CHT) crosslinked with genipin (Gpn). Parameters such as the concentration of reagents (Gpn and CHT) but also the crosslinking time and the working temperature were optimized to reach the maximal positive charges surface density. This support was then treated by the layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of a multilayer system composed of methyl-beta-cyclodextrin polymer (PCD) (anionic) and CHT (cationic). After a thermal treatment to stabilize the LbL film, the textiles were loaded with CHX as antiseptic agent. The influence of the thermal treatment i) on the cytocompatibility, ii) on the degradation of the multilayer system, iii) on CHX sorption and release profiles and iv) on the antibacterial activity of the loaded textiles was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Aubert-Viard
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France; Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR8207, UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Alejandra Mogrovejo-Valdivia
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Tabary
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR8207, UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Mickael Maton
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Feng Chai
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Christel Neut
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U995- LIRIC - Lille Inflammation Research International Center, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bernard Martel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR8207, UMET - Unité Matériaux et Transformations, F-59655 Villeneuve D'Ascq, France
| | - Nicolas Blanchemain
- Univ. Lille, INSERM, CHU Lille, U1008 - Controlled Drug Delivery Systems and Biomaterials, F-59000 Lille, France.
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47
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Morosanu AC, Dimitriu DG, Dorohoi DO. Excited state dipole moment of the fluorescein molecule estimated from electronic absorption spectra. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Andrade-Del Olmo J, Pérez-Álvarez L, Hernáez E, Ruiz-Rubio L, Vilas-Vilela JL. Antibacterial multilayer of chitosan and (2-carboxyethyl)- β-cyclodextrin onto polylactic acid (PLLA). Food Hydrocoll 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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49
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50
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Ao H, Yang S, Nie B, Fan Q, Zhang Q, Zong J, Guo S, Zheng X, Tang T. Improved antibacterial properties of collagen I/hyaluronic acid/quaternized chitosan multilayer modified titanium coatings with both contact-killing and release-killing functions. J Mater Chem B 2019; 7:1951-1961. [PMID: 32255058 DOI: 10.1039/c8tb02425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The HACC-based multilayer could inhibit the colonization of bacteria via contact-killing and release-killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyong Ao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Shengbing Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Bin’en Nie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Qiming Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Quanchao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiao Tong University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Jiajia Zong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- East China Jiao Tong University
- Nanchang
- China
| | - Shengrong Guo
- School of Pharmacy
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xuebin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Inorganic Coating Materials
- Shanghai Institute of Ceramics
- Chinese Academy of Science
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
- Shanghai
- China
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