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Plewes MR, Talbott HA, Schott MB, Wood JR, Cupp AS, Davis JS. Unraveling the role of lipid droplets and perilipin 2 in bovine luteal cells. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23710. [PMID: 38822676 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400260rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Steroidogenic tissues contain cytosolic lipid droplets that are important for steroidogenesis. Perilipin 2 (PLIN2), a structural coat protein located on the surface of lipid droplets in mammalian cells, plays a crucial role in regulating lipid droplet formation and contributing to various cellular processes such as lipid storage and energy homeostasis. Herein, we examine the role that PLIN2 plays in regulating progesterone synthesis in the bovine corpus luteum. Utilizing gene array databases and Western blotting, we have delineated the expression pattern of PLIN2 throughout the follicular to luteal transition. Our findings reveal the presence of PLIN2 in both ovarian follicular and steroidogenic luteal cells, demonstrating an increase in its levels as follicular cells transition into the luteal phase. Moreover, the depletion of PLIN2 via siRNA enhanced progesterone production in small luteal cells, whereas adenovirus-mediated overexpression of both PLIN2 and Perilipin 3 (PLIN3) induced an increase in cytosolic lipid droplet accumulation and decreased hormone-induced progesterone synthesis in these cells. Lastly, in vivo administration of the luteolytic hormone prostaglandin F2α resulted in an upregulation of PLIN2 mRNA and protein expression, accompanied by a decline in serum progesterone. Our findings highlight the pivotal role of PLIN2 in regulating progesterone synthesis in the bovine corpus luteum, as supported by its dynamic expression pattern during the follicular to luteal transition and its responsiveness to luteotropic and luteolytic hormones. We suggest PLIN2 as a potential therapeutic target for modulating luteal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele R Plewes
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Heather A Talbott
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Micah B Schott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jennifer R Wood
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
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2
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Plewes MR, Talbott HA, Saviola AJ, Woods NT, Schott MB, Davis JS. Luteal Lipid Droplets: A Novel Platform for Steroid Synthesis. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad124. [PMID: 37586092 PMCID: PMC10445418 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone is an essential steroid hormone that is required to initiate and maintain pregnancy in mammals and serves as a metabolic intermediate in the synthesis of endogenously produced steroids, including sex hormones and corticosteroids. Steroidogenic luteal cells of the corpus luteum have the tremendous capacity to synthesize progesterone. These specialized cells are highly enriched with lipid droplets that store lipid substrate, which can be used for the synthesis of steroids. We recently reported that hormone-stimulated progesterone synthesis by luteal cells requires protein kinase A-dependent mobilization of cholesterol substrate from lipid droplets to mitochondria. We hypothesize that luteal lipid droplets are enriched with steroidogenic enzymes and facilitate the synthesis of steroids in the corpus luteum. In the present study, we analyzed the lipid droplet proteome, conducted the first proteomic analysis of lipid droplets under acute cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-stimulated conditions, and determined how specific lipid droplet proteins affect steroidogenesis. Steroidogenic enzymes, cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1 and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B), were highly abundant on lipid droplets of the bovine corpus luteum. High-resolution confocal microscopy confirmed the presence of active HSD3B on the surface of luteal lipid droplets. We report that luteal lipid droplets have the capacity to synthesize progesterone from pregnenolone. Lastly, we analyzed the lipid droplet proteome following acute stimulation with cAMP analog, 8-Br-cAMP, and report increased association of HSD3B with luteal lipid droplets following stimulation. These findings provide novel insights into the role of luteal lipid droplets in steroid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele R Plewes
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
- Department of Research Services, Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - Heather A Talbott
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
| | - Anthony J Saviola
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045USA
| | - Nicholas T Woods
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases, Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE 68198-6805, USA
| | - Micah B Schott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
- Department of Research Services, Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center,Omaha, NE 68198-5870, USA
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3
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Przygrodzka E, Plewes MR, Davis JS. Luteinizing Hormone Regulation of Inter-Organelle Communication and Fate of the Corpus Luteum. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9972. [PMID: 34576135 PMCID: PMC8470545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is an endocrine gland that synthesizes the steroid hormone progesterone. luteinizing hormone (LH) is a key luteotropic hormone that stimulates ovulation, luteal development, progesterone biosynthesis, and maintenance of the corpus luteum. Luteotropic and luteolytic factors precisely regulate luteal structure and function; yet, despite recent scientific progress within the past few years, the exact mechanisms remain largely unknown. In the present review, we summarize the recent progress towards understanding cellular changes induced by LH in steroidogenic luteal cells. Herein, we will focus on the effects of LH on inter-organelle communication and steroid biosynthesis, and how LH regulates key protein kinases (i.e., AMPK and MTOR) responsible for controlling steroidogenesis and autophagy in luteal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Przygrodzka
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (E.P.); (M.R.P.)
| | - Michele R. Plewes
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (E.P.); (M.R.P.)
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - John S. Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA; (E.P.); (M.R.P.)
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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Przygrodzka E, Hou X, Zhang P, Plewes MR, Franco R, Davis JS. PKA and AMPK Signaling Pathways Differentially Regulate Luteal Steroidogenesis. Endocrinology 2021; 162:bqab015. [PMID: 33502468 PMCID: PMC7899060 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqab015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Luteinizing hormone (LH) via protein kinase A (PKA) triggers ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum, which arises from the differentiation of follicular granulosa and theca cells into large and small luteal cells, respectively. The small and large luteal cells produce progesterone, a steroid hormone required for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. We recently reported on the importance of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL, also known as LIPE) and lipid droplets for appropriate secretory function of the corpus luteum. These lipid-rich intracellular organelles store cholesteryl esters, which can be hydrolyzed by HSL to provide cholesterol, the main substrate necessary for progesterone synthesis. In the present study, we analyzed dynamic posttranslational modifications of HSL mediated by PKA and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as well as their effects on steroidogenesis in luteal cells. Our results revealed that AMPK acutely inhibits the stimulatory effects of LH/PKA on progesterone production without reducing levels of STAR, CYP11A1, and HSD3B proteins. Exogenous cholesterol reversed the negative effects of AMPK on LH-stimulated steroidogenesis, suggesting that AMPK regulates cholesterol availability in luteal cells. AMPK evoked inhibitory phosphorylation of HSL (Ser565). In contrast, LH/PKA decreased phosphorylation of AMPK at Thr172, a residue required for its activation. Additionally, LH/PKA increased phosphorylation of HSL at Ser563, which is crucial for enzyme activation, and decreased inhibitory phosphorylation of HSL at Ser565. The findings indicate that LH and AMPK exert opposite posttranslational modifications of HSL, presumptively regulating cholesterol availability for steroidogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Przygrodzka
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Pan Zhang
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Michele R Plewes
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, USA
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5
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Plewes MR, Krause C, Talbott HA, Przygrodzka E, Wood JR, Cupp AS, Davis JS. Trafficking of cholesterol from lipid droplets to mitochondria in bovine luteal cells: Acute control of progesterone synthesis. FASEB J 2020; 34:10731-10750. [PMID: 32614098 PMCID: PMC7868007 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000671r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a transient endocrine gland that synthesizes and secretes the steroid hormone, progesterone, which is vital for establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. Luteinizing hormone (LH) via activation of protein kinase A (PKA) acutely stimulates luteal progesterone synthesis via a complex process, converting cholesterol via a series of enzymatic reactions, into progesterone. Lipid droplets in steroidogenic luteal cells store cholesterol in the form of cholesterol esters, which are postulated to provide substrate for steroidogenesis. Early enzymatic studies showed that hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) hydrolyzes luteal cholesterol esters. In this study, we tested whether HSL is a critical mediator of the acute actions of LH on luteal progesterone production. Using LH-responsive bovine small luteal cells our results reveal that LH, forskolin, and 8-Br cAMP-induced PKA-dependent phosphorylation of HSL at Ser563 and Ser660, events known to promote HSL activity. Small molecule inhibition of HSL activity and siRNA-mediated knock down of HSL abrogated LH-induced progesterone production. Moreover, western blotting and confocal microscopy revealed that LH stimulates phosphorylation and translocation of HSL to lipid droplets. Furthermore, LH increased trafficking of cholesterol from the lipid droplets to the mitochondria, which was dependent on both PKA and HSL activation. Taken together, these findings identify a PKA/HSL signaling pathway in luteal cells in response to LH and demonstrate the dynamic relationship between PKA, HSL, and lipid droplets in luteal progesterone synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele R. Plewes
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
| | - Crystal Krause
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
| | - Heather A. Talbott
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
| | - Emilia Przygrodzka
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
| | - Jennifer R. Wood
- Department of Animal Sciences, ANSC A224k, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA
| | - Andrea S. Cupp
- Department of Animal Sciences, ANSC A224k, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0908, USA
| | - John S. Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 983255 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-3255, USA
- Veterans Affairs Nebraska Western Iowa Health Care System, 4101 Woolworth Ave, Omaha, NE 68105, USA
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Talbott HA, Plewes MR, Krause C, Hou X, Zhang P, Rizzo WB, Wood JR, Cupp AS, Davis JS. Formation and characterization of lipid droplets of the bovine corpus luteum. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11287. [PMID: 32647143 PMCID: PMC7347867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68091-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishment and maintenance of pregnancy depends on progesterone synthesized by luteal tissue in the ovary. Our objective was to identify the characteristics of lipid droplets (LDs) in ovarian steroidogenic cells. We hypothesized that LDs are a major feature of steroidogenic luteal cells and store cholesteryl esters. Whole bovine tissues, isolated ovarian steroidogenic cells (granulosa, theca, small luteal, and large luteal), and isolated luteal LDs were assessed for LD content, LD-associated proteins and lipid analyses. Bovine luteal tissue contained abundant lipid droplets, LD-associated perilipins 2/3/5, hormone-sensitive lipase, and 1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase ABHD5. Luteal tissue was enriched in triglycerides (TGs) compared to other tissues, except for adipose tissue. Luteal cells were distinguishable from follicular cells by the presence of LDs, LD-associated proteins, and increased TGs. Furthermore, LDs from large luteal cells were numerous and small; whereas, LDs from small luteal cells were large and less numerous. Isolated LDs contained nearly all of the TGs and cholesteryl esters present in luteal tissue. Isolated luteal LDs were composed primarily of TG, with lesser amounts of cholesteryl esters, diglyceride and other phospholipids. Bovine luteal LDs are distinct from LDs in other bovine tissues, including follicular steroidogenic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather A Talbott
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-9450, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA.,Division of Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Oregon Health Sciences University/Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Michele R Plewes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-9450, USA.,Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA
| | - Crystal Krause
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-9450, USA.,Surgery Department, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-3280, USA
| | - Xiaoying Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-9450, USA
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-9450, USA
| | - William B Rizzo
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5940, USA
| | - Jennifer R Wood
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0908, USA
| | - Andrea S Cupp
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68583-0908, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-9450, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198-5870, USA. .,Veterans Affairs Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA.
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Grazul-Bilska AT, Dorsam ST, Reyaz A, Valkov V, Bass CS, Kaminski SL, Redmer DA. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptors expression in ovine corpora lutea during luteal phase: effect of nutritional plane and follicle-stimulating hormone treatment. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2020; 71:106391. [PMID: 31731250 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2019.106391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Corpus luteum (CL), a transient endocrine gland critical for reproductive cyclicity and pregnancy maintenance, is controlled by numerous regulatory factors. Although LH is widely recognized as the major regulator, other factors may also affect luteal functions. It has been demonstrated that FSH receptors (FSHR) are expressed not only in ovarian follicles but also in other tissues within the reproductive tract, including the CL. To evaluate FSHR expression in nontreated (nonsuperovulated; experiment 1) or FSH-treated (superovulated; experiment 2) sheep fed a control (C; maintenance), excess (O; 2 × C), or restricted (U; 0.6 × C) diet, CL were collected at the early, mid and/or late luteal phases (n = 5-7 per group). Protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of FSHR were detected in the CL from all groups using immunohistochemistry followed by image analysis and quantitative RT-PCR, respectively. Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor was immunolocalized to steroidogenic small and large and nonsteroidogenic luteal cells. In both experiments, FSHR protein expression was not affected by stage of luteal development or diet. In experiment 1, expression of mRNA for all FSHR variants was greater (P <0.02 to 0.0003) at the late phase than mid or early luteal phase, and in experiment 2, it was greater (P < 0.001) at the mid than early luteal phase. Plane of nutrition did not affect FSHR mRNA expression. Comparison of FSH-treated with nontreated ewes demonstrated that FSH increased FSHR protein expression by 1.5- to 2-fold (P < 0.0001) in all groups, and mRNA expression by 7- to 30-fold (P < 0.001) for (1) FSHR-1 in all groups except U at the early luteal phase, (2) FSHR-2 in C, O, and U at the mid-phase, but not early luteal phase, and (3) FSHR-3 in U at the mid-luteal phase. Our data demonstrate that (1) FSHRs are expressed in ovine CL at several stages of luteal development, (2) FSHR protein expression does not change during the luteal phase and is not affected by diet, (3) FSHR mRNA expression not only depends on the stage of the estrous cycle but also not affected by diet in nonsuperovulated or superovulated ewes, and (4) in vivo FSH treatment enhanced FSHR protein and/or mRNA expression in the CL depending on diet and phase of the estrous cycle. Presence of FSHR in the CL indicates a regulatory role of FSH in luteal function in sheep. As very little is known about the possible role of FSH and FSHR in luteal functions, further studies should be undertaken to elucidate the endocrine, molecular, and cellular mechanisms of FSH effects on the CL.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Grazul-Bilska
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA.
| | - S T Dorsam
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - A Reyaz
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - V Valkov
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - C S Bass
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - S L Kaminski
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
| | - D A Redmer
- Department of Animal Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58105, USA
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Abedel-Majed MA, Romereim SM, Davis JS, Cupp AS. Perturbations in Lineage Specification of Granulosa and Theca Cells May Alter Corpus Luteum Formation and Function. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:832. [PMID: 31849844 PMCID: PMC6895843 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Anovulation is a major cause of infertility, and it is the major leading reproductive disorder in mammalian females. Without ovulation, an oocyte is not released from the ovarian follicle to be fertilized and a corpus luteum is not formed. The corpus luteum formed from the luteinized somatic follicular cells following ovulation, vasculature cells, and immune cells is critical for progesterone production and maintenance of pregnancy. Follicular theca cells differentiate into small luteal cells (SLCs) that produce progesterone in response to luteinizing hormone (LH), and granulosa cells luteinize to become large luteal cells (LLCs) that have a high rate of basal production of progesterone. The formation and function of the corpus luteum rely on the appropriate proliferation and differentiation of both granulosa and theca cells. If any aspect of granulosa or theca cell luteinization is perturbed, then the resulting luteal cell populations (SLC, LLC, vascular, and immune cells) may be reduced and compromise progesterone production. Thus, many factors that affect the differentiation/lineage of the somatic cells and their gene expression profiles can alter the ability of a corpus luteum to produce the progesterone critical for pregnancy. Our laboratory has identified genes that are enriched in somatic follicular cells and luteal cells through gene expression microarray. This work was the first to compare the gene expression profiles of the four somatic cell types involved in the follicle-to-luteal transition and to support previous immunofluorescence data indicating theca cells differentiate into SLCs while granulosa cells become LLCs. Using these data and incorporating knowledge about the ways in which luteinization can go awry, we can extrapolate the impact that alterations in the theca and granulosa cell gene expression profiles and lineages could have on the formation and function of the corpus luteum. While interactions with other cell types such as vascular and immune cells are critical for appropriate corpus luteum function, we are restricting this review to focus on granulosa, theca, and luteal cells and how perturbations such as androgen excess and inflammation may affect their function and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah M. Romereim
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
| | - John S. Davis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Olson Center for Women's Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- VA Nebraska-Western Iowa Health Care System, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Andrea S. Cupp
- Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States
- *Correspondence: Andrea S. Cupp
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Liu Y, Qi B, Xie J, Wu X, Ling Y, Cao X, Kong F, Xin J, Jiang X, Wu Q, Wang W, Li Q, Zhang S, Wu F, Zhang D, Wang R, Zhang X, Li W. Filtered reproductive long non-coding RNAs by genome-wide analyses of goat ovary at different estrus periods. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:866. [PMID: 30509164 PMCID: PMC6278114 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5268-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The goat is an important farm animal. Reproduction is an important process of goat farming. The ovary is the most important reproductive organ for goats. In recent years, an increasing number of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the regulation of mammal reproduction. However, there are few studies on the function of lncRNAs in reproduction, particularly lncRNAs in the ovary. Results The sequencing of goat ovaries generated 1,122,014,112 clean reads, and 4926 lncRNAs and 1454 TUCPs (transcripts of uncertain coding potential) were identified for further analysis by using the coding potential analysis software, CNCI, CPC and Pfam-sca. There were 115 /22 differential lncRNAs /TUCPs transcripts between the ovaries of the luteal phase and the follicular phase. We predicted the related genes of lncRNA /TUCP based on co-expression and co-localization methods. In total, 2584 /904 genes were predicted by co-expression, and 326/73 genes were predicted by co-localization. The functions of these genes were further analyzed with GO and KEGG analysis. The results showed that lncRNAs /TUCPs, which are highly expressed in goat ovaries in the luteal phase, are mainly associated with the synthesis of progesterone, and we filtered the lncRNAs /TUCPs, such as XR_001918177.1 and TUCP_001362, which may regulate the synthesis of progesterone; lncRNAs /TUCPs, which are highly expressed in goat ovaries in the follicular phase, are mainly associated with oogenesis and the maturation of oocytes, and we filtered the lncRNAs /TUCPs that may regulate the oogenesis and maturation of oocyte, such as XR_001917388.1 and TUCP_000849. Conclusion The present study provided the genome expression profile of lncRNAs /TUCPs in goat ovaries at different estrus periods and filtered the potential lncRNAs /TUCPs associated with goat reproduction. These results are helpful to further study the molecular mechanisms of goat reproduction. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5268-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Bing Qi
- School of Life Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Xie
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Yinghui Ling
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resources Protection and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyan Cao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.4899 Juye Street, Jingyue District, Changchun, 130112, China
| | - Feng Kong
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Xin
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Qiaoqin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Wenying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Qingmei Li
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Shengnan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Fengrui Wu
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Taishan Medical University, Taian, 271016, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyong Li
- Key Laboratory of Embryo Development, Reproductive Regulation of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, 236041, Anhui, China.
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