1
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Zhang X, Shi W, Wang J, Zhang R. A case of porokeratosis with a variety of morphological manifestations. Clin Case Rep 2024; 12:e9369. [PMID: 39206072 PMCID: PMC11348384 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.9369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
This case illustrates the clinical heterogeneity of porokeratosis (PK), with a patient presenting with both disseminated superficial actinic PK-like facial lesions and PK of Mibelli-like lesions on the buttocks and lower limbs. Ultraviolet exposure, infection, and immunosuppression may contribute to the manifestation of multiple clinical forms in a single patient. Close monitoring for potential malignant transformation is essential, particularly in elderly patients with long disease duration and a history of oncological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhang
- Department of DermatologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
| | - Weiwei Shi
- Department of DermatologyAffiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong UniversityNantongChina
- Department of DermatologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of DermatologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouChina
| | - Ruzhi Zhang
- Department of DermatologyThe Second Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical CollegeWuhuChina
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2
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Pulgarin LM, Errichetti E. Accuracy of ultraviolet-induced fluorescence dermoscopy in porokeratosis: An observational study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:2759-2761. [PMID: 38597574 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Enzo Errichetti
- Department of Medical Area, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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3
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La Y, Zhu J, Mueller SM. Konventionelle und neue Behandlungsstrategien bei Porokeratosen: Eine narrative Übersicht. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:1073-1078. [PMID: 39105229 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15436_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
ZusammenfassungPorokeratosen sind eine heterogene Gruppe autoinflammatorischer Keratinisierungsstörungen, die durch kornoide Lamellen gekennzeichnet sind. Neben Genmutationen, die sich auf den Mevalonat‐Stoffwechselweg auswirken, werden auch Umweltfaktoren wie UV‐Strahlung, Immunsuppression, Traumata und Infektionen für die Entstehung von Porokeratosen verantwortlich gemacht. Bislang gibt es keine Behandlungsrichtlinien oder Evidenzgrade für die gängigen pharmakologischen und nicht‐pharmakologischen Behandlungsoptionen bei Porokeratosen. Zu den konventionellen Behandlungen zählen topische und systemische Medikamente wie Salicylsäure, topische Glucocorticoide und Retinoide, Phototherapie, Laser und chirurgische Verfahren. Bessere Erkenntnisse über die Pathogenese von Porokeratosen haben die Entwicklung neuartiger therapeutischer Ansätze ermöglicht, etwa topische Statine oder monoklonale Antikörper. In dieser narrativen Übersichtsarbeit werden sowohl die herkömmlichen als auch neuen Behandlungsmöglichkeiten einschließlich ihres Evidenzgrads sowie ihrer Vor‐ und Nachteile zusammengefasst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng La
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simon M Mueller
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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4
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Luque-Luna M, Corbella-Bagot L, Mascaró JM. RF- Relationship Between Porokeratosis and Skin Cancer. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024:S0001-7310(24)00486-1. [PMID: 38852842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Luque-Luna
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.
| | - L Corbella-Bagot
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - J M Mascaró
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
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5
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Zheng HE, Wang Y, Wu S, Zhu MF. A Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma Arising in Disseminated Superficial Porokeratosis. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2024; 17:1259-1263. [PMID: 38827628 PMCID: PMC11144422 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s463569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Porokeratosis (PK), characterized by keratotic lesions with an atrophic center and a prominent peripheral ridge, with a typical histological hallmark, namely, the cornoid lamella, has two forms: disseminated and localized. While PK often converts into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), conversion from disseminated superficial porokeratosis (DSP) alone is rarely reported except for one case in which DSP and LP coexisted and converted to SCC. Here, we report the case of a patient with SCC converted from DSP alone, presenting with coin-sized macules on the bottom right of his waist that developed into an ulcer at the center. The patient underwent radiation therapy, which effectively treated the SCC but did not resolve the PK. This article highlights regular follow-up and undergo comprehensive diagnosis, both of which are beneficial to enable early detection and management of DSP that has converted to into SCC; in addition, standardized medical treatment may help improve the treatment therapeutic effect of in similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-E Zheng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuhui Wu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming-Fang Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Tsai TF, Cheng CY. Maligne Transformation einer Porokeratosis Mibelli bei einem Patienten mit Psoriasis. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:577-579. [PMID: 38574004 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15338_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Fu Tsai
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center of tissue engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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7
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Tsai TF, Cheng CY. Malignant transformation of porokeratosis of Mibelli in a psoriatic patient. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2024; 22:577-579. [PMID: 38372485 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.15338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Fu Tsai
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Cheng
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou and Taoyuan Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Center of tissue engineering, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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8
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D'Agostino F, Gasparini G, Riva SF, Guadagno A, Parodi A. Annular Pigmented Macules on the Upper Trunk: A Quiz. Acta Derm Venereol 2024; 104:adv35278. [PMID: 38470166 PMCID: PMC10949078 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.35278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Abstract is missing (Quiz)
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica D'Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Dermatology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Giulia Gasparini
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Dermatology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Francesca Riva
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Dermatology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Guadagno
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Dermatology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Aurora Parodi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Section of Dermatology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Department of Dermatology, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
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9
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Tresa Thomas M, Escudero MM, Howard V, Jones-Caballero M. Perianal and Scrotal Porokeratosis Ptychotropica. Case Report of an Unusual Condition, and Review of the Literature. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:196-197. [PMID: 36423675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Tresa Thomas
- Dermatology Department, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia.
| | - M M Escudero
- Dermatology Department, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia
| | - V Howard
- Douglas Hanly Moir Pathology, Australia
| | - M Jones-Caballero
- Dermatology Department, Westmead Hospital, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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10
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Thomas M, Escudero MM, Howard V, Jones-Caballero M. Perianal and Scrotal Porokeratosis Ptychotropica. Case Report of an Unusual Condition, and Review of the Literature. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:T196-T197. [PMID: 38048959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M Thomas
- Dermatology Department, Westmead Hospital, Sídney, Australia.
| | - M M Escudero
- Dermatology Department, Westmead Hospital, Sídney, Australia
| | - V Howard
- Douglas Hanly Moir Pathology, Sídney, Australia
| | - M Jones-Caballero
- Dermatology Department, Westmead Hospital, Sídney, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sídney, Australia
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11
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Zhang X, Chen B, Yang J. Porokeratosis of the scrotum: a case report and literature review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1274635. [PMID: 38259830 PMCID: PMC10800959 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1274635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Porokeratosis, a keratinizing disorder of unknown etiology, exhibits an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern or manifests as an isolated acquired dermatosis. This condition can occur at any site on the skin; however, scrotal lesions are extremely rare. Only 18 cases of scrotal lesions were identified through a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. Herein, we present a case of a 19-year-old patient with porokeratosis of the scrotum. Additionally, we provide a summary of the etiologies, clinical manifestations, and histopathology of scrotal porokeratosis, and present differential diagnoses by reviewing the related literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jing Yang
- Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
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12
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Llamas-Velasco M, Pérez-Muñoz N, Rozas-Muñoz E, Ballester R, Posada R, Figueras MF. Approach to the so-called "Invisible Dermatosis": When Subtle Histopathological Findings Guide Diagnosis. Am J Dermatopathol 2023; 45:801-811. [PMID: 37982463 DOI: 10.1097/dad.0000000000002563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Invisible dermatosis is a concept that can be applied either to clinical or histopathological findings. We will focus on the dermatopathological aspect of this invisible dermatosis that can be seen as dermatosis with subtle histopathological findings that are mandatory to known to stablish the diagnosis. With a proper approach facing in depth the different skin layers from stratum corneum to subcutaneous tissue combined with some especial stains, special investigations and mostly a proper clinicopathological correlation, the problem of missing out a diagnosis can be decreased. We will review the general aspects for diagnosis and the peculiar findings of an in-depth review of them because it is important to note that minor changes on a skin biopsy do not mean it is disease free. We will review classic clues, we will add some new useful ones, and we will also provide a guide on the special stains helpful, such as periodic acid-Schiff when facing fungi, orcein-Giemsa and van Gieson when altered elastic fibers are suspected, or Pearl and Masson Fontana when an altered skin pigmentation is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Llamas-Velasco
- Faculty, Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Pérez-Muñoz
- Faculty, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya-Quirónsalud, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat International de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | | | - Rosa Ballester
- Faculty, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya-Quirónsalud, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Posada
- Faculty, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya-Quirónsalud, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maite Fernández Figueras
- Faculty, Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari General de Catalunya-Quirónsalud, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat International de Catalunya, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; and
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13
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Li L, Hongying C, Heng G. Autophagy-related LncRNA PRDM10-DT responds to UVB radiation in keratinocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 677:105-112. [PMID: 37566921 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation is a major environmental risk factor that is responsible for the development and progression of many skin disorders. Autophagy is the process of degradation and recycling of damaged cytoplasmic organelles, macromolecular aggregates, and long-lived proteins. Previously, we found that the autophagy inducer apigenin restored UVB-impaired autophagy and the cellular response by downregulating the expression of autophagy-related genes such as ATG5. To explore long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in regulating these autophagy-related genes, in this study, we assessed the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs using a microarray in human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs) treated with or without apigenin after UVB radiation. The expression levels of 80 selected autophagy-related genes and related lncRNAs were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR). The lncRNA PRDM10-DT was proposed to regulate IRGM based on the ceRNA and coexpression pattern and was demonstrated to be involved in autophagy regulation, proliferation and migration of HEKs by qRT‒PCR, Western blotting, colony formation and scratch wound assays, respectively. These findings suggest an autophagy-related lncRNA in response to UVB radiation that promotes the proliferation and migration of HEKs through inducing autophagy by competing microRNAs for IRGM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Central Laboratory, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Chen Hongying
- Department of Physical Therapy, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Gu Heng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, 210042, China.
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14
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Diep D, Pyatetsky IA, Barrett KL, Kannan KS, Wright K, Baker W. Bilateral Linear Porokeratosis Treated With Topical Lovastatin 2% Monotherapy. Cureus 2023; 15:e43657. [PMID: 37719543 PMCID: PMC10505042 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear porokeratosis is a rare skin disorder that presents along dermatomal or Blashko lines. While the mechanism of linear porokeratosis formation is unknown, both disrupted cholesterol synthesis and mevalonate accumulation have been proposed as possible theories. There is a small chance of transforming into cutaneous malignancies, most commonly squamous cell carcinomas. The patient is a 61-year-old male with an unusual presentation of bilateral linear porokeratosis. His condition provided a unique opportunity to compare the efficacy of topical treatments in a single individual. A previous trial had successfully cleared the porokeratosis plaques with topical cholesterol 2%/lovastatin 2% on the patient's right arm. After a 12-week trial of topical lovastatin 2% monotherapy on the left arm, our current study demonstrated a comparable reduction of porokeratosis lesions. In our PubMed search, there has been a single reported case of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis successfully treated with topical lovastatin 2% monotherapy, but there have not been any reported cases of linear porokeratosis treated with this therapy. While topical lovastatin monotherapy for porokeratosis subvariants requires further studies, this case demonstrates similar efficacy of treating linear porokeratosis with topical lovastatin compared to cholesterol/lovastatin dual therapy. These findings support the theory of mevalonate accumulation as a more likely cause of linear porokeratosis compared to disruption of cholesterol synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlene Diep
- Family Medicine, University of California San Francisco Fresno, Fresno, USA
| | - Ilana A Pyatetsky
- Family Medicine, Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, USA
| | | | | | | | - William Baker
- Family Medicine, Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine, Las Cruces, USA
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15
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Mu X, Li W, Zhang M, Yang C, Yang X, Li D, Ding Y. Successful Treatment of Eruptive Pruritic Papular Porokeratosis in the Elderly with Tofacitinib: A Case Report. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:1741-1747. [PMID: 37435395 PMCID: PMC10332365 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s412495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Eruptive pruritic papular porokeratosis (EPPP) is a rare subtype of porokeratosis that presents as an acute exacerbation of an annular papule with a distinct peripheral hyperkeratotic ridge border and severe pruritus. EPPP is mainly reported in elderly East Asian men. Its etiology and pathogenesis are unknown. We hereby present a case report of EPPP in a 68-year-old Chinese male with persistent circumscribed papules on the extremities, accompanied by severe pruritus for one year. After the patient was given conventional medication, a new rash appeared on the patient's extremities and he felt intense itching in the area of the rash. The patient was switched to oral tofacitinib treatment. The patient felt that the pruritus had largely disappeared after one month of oral dosing, leaving only brown pigmentation on the erythema of the extremities. The patient has been off the drug for 2 months. There was no pruritus or new rash during the follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Mu
- The First Clinical College of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changxiao Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianxu Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Dermatology, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Dermatology Hospital of Hainan Medical University, The Fifth People’s Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan, People’s Republic of China
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16
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Rai T, Ansari MH. A Case of Linear Porokeratosis. Indian Dermatol Online J 2023; 14:552-553. [PMID: 37521240 PMCID: PMC10373813 DOI: 10.4103/idoj.idoj_408_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tulika Rai
- Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Hamza Ansari
- Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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17
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Alakeel A, Dawari S, Alhumidi A, Alekrish K. Combining Isotretinoin and Topical Cholesterol/Atorvastatin in the Treatment of Linear Porokeratosis: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e38873. [PMID: 37303383 PMCID: PMC10257344 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Linear porokeratosis (LP) is an epidermal keratinization disorder manifesting in the form of annular plaques with an atrophic center and hyperkeratotic margins. Although rare, LP carries a significant risk of skin cancer. Histological examination usually reveals the cornoid lamella, a parakeratosis column visualized in the outer layer of the epidermis. First-line treatment of LP is retinoids. However, the effects of combination therapy of isotretinoin and topical statins on LP are not well-understood. Herein, we attempted treatment with both isotretinoin and 2% cholesterol/atorvastatin ointment, with considerable improvement observed using the former but not the latter. These findings suggest that 2% topical cholesterol/atorvastatin treatment may not carry any additional benefits, even if used alongside retinoids. Further studies are needed to assess the potential effects of statins on LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Alakeel
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Sakhr Dawari
- Department of Dermatology, Armed Forces Hospitals Southern Region, King Fahad Military Hospital, Khamis Mushait, SAU
| | - Ahmed Alhumidi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Khalid Alekrish
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, SAU
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18
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Magalhães C, Costa M, Campainha S, Coelho A, César A. Histopathologic findings of drug-induced eruptive porokeratosis under nivolumab therapy. J Cutan Pathol 2023; 50:298-300. [PMID: 36515632 DOI: 10.1111/cup.14379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- César Magalhães
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal
| | - Miguel Costa
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Campainha
- Department of Pulmonology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal
| | - André Coelho
- Laboratório de Anatomia Patológica (LAP) - UNILABS, Porto, Portugal
| | - Artur César
- Department of Dermatology, Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Portugal
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Inci R, Zagoras T, Kantere D, Holmström P, Gillstedt M, Polesie S, Peltonen S. Porokeratosis is one of the most common genodermatoses and is associated with an increased risk of keratinocyte cancer and melanoma. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2023; 37:420-427. [PMID: 36152004 PMCID: PMC10092613 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.18587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porokeratosis is a clinically heterogeneous group of keratinization disorders with a genetic background mainly affecting the mevalonate pathway, which is involved in the synthesis of cholesterol, an essential component for the formation of the extracellular lipid lamellae in the stratum corneum. Porokeratosis is reportedly associated with an increased risk of keratinocyte cancer, but to date, no large epidemiological studies have been conducted to further address this association. OBJECTIVES The first objective was to characterize a cohort of patients diagnosed with porokeratosis at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SU), Gothenburg, Sweden. The second objective was to conduct a nationwide registry-based cohort study to investigate the association, if any, between porokeratosis and the cutaneous malignancies squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and melanoma. METHODS For the SU cohort, the hospital registry was searched for patients with a diagnosis of porokeratosis recorded between 2016 and 2020. Clinical data were extracted from the records of the identified patients. For the nationwide cohort, national registries were searched to identify patients with a diagnosis of porokeratosis between 2001 and 2020. A tenfold control cohort was formed by Statistics Sweden. The data was cross-referenced with the Swedish Cancer Register to study the associations between porokeratosis and SCC, BCC and melanoma. RESULTS Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis was the most common clinical type among the 108 patients in the SU cohort. In the nationwide search, 2277 patients with porokeratosis were identified (prevalence 1/4132). Porokeratosis was associated with an increased risk for SCC, BCC and melanoma with hazard ratios (95% CI) of 4.3 (3.4-5.4), 2.42 (1.97-2.98) and 1.83 (1.18-2.82), respectively, in the patient cohort, compared to the matched control group. CONCLUSION Porokeratosis is a common genodermatosis, and it is associated with an enhanced risk of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahime Inci
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Theofanis Zagoras
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Genomics, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Despoina Kantere
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter Holmström
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Gillstedt
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sam Polesie
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sirkku Peltonen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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20
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Paolino G, Di Nicola MR, Yarygina M, Mattozzi C, Quaranta E, Bianchi VG, Donati M, Mercuri SR. Exclusive and Solitary Facial Porokeratosis: Pathogenesis and Literature Reappraisal of a Rare Entity. Case Rep Dermatol 2023; 15:147-151. [PMID: 37899946 PMCID: PMC10601618 DOI: 10.1159/000530936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Porokeratosis is a group of well-known clinically distinct entities, characterised by different clinical aspects, but sharing a single common histological aspect, namely the cornoid lamella. Usually, porokeratosis occurs in the limbs and trunk, while it rarely involves the face, especially as an exclusive, single, and solitary lesion. We report the case of a 52-year-old Caucasian woman, with an 11-month history of a 2-cm slowly growing solitary, keratotic lesion on her left cheekbone. The patient did not present other cutaneous lesions on the face, as well as in other body sites. A cutaneous biopsy showed epidermal hyperplasia with multiple, sharply defined cornoid lamella, associated with an underlying attenuation of the granular layer and scattered dyskeratotic cells in the spinous layer. The superficial dermis underneath showed a mild lymphocytic infiltrate and fibrosis with remodelled collagen bundles. A final diagnosis of solitary facial porokeratosis was made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Paolino
- Unità di Dermatologia e Cosmetologia, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
- Unità di Dermatologia Clinica, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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21
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Waqar MU, Cohen PR, Fratila S. Disseminated Superficial Actinic Porokeratosis (DSAP): A Case Report Highlighting the Clinical, Dermatoscopic, and Pathology Features of the Condition. Cureus 2022; 14:e26923. [PMID: 35983404 PMCID: PMC9376211 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.26923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Porokeratosis describes a heterogenic group of keratinization disorders in which lesions are papules and plaques that demonstrate central atrophy surrounded by a hyperkeratotic margin. Clinical variants include not only porokeratosis of Mibelli, but also disseminated superficial, disseminated actinic superficial, linear, punctate, and palmaris et plantaris disseminata. Porokeratosis has a risk of malignant transformation. A woman with disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) whose lesions presented as pruritic plaques and papules is described. The diagnosis was suspected clinically, supported by dermoscopy findings, and confirmed histologically. The condition-associated pruritus was managed symptomatically; her skin lesions will be monitored clinically. Clinical manifestations, dermatoscopic features, pathology findings, and treatment options for DSAP are summarized.
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22
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Kulhari M, Khan HQ, Amin SS, Afrose R. A rare case of genital porokeratosis associated with epididymo-orchitis. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS 2022; 43:220-221. [PMID: 36743090 PMCID: PMC9891012 DOI: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_56_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kulhari
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Hania Qamar Khan
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Syed Suhail Amin
- Department of Dermatology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruquiya Afrose
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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23
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Tomsitz D, Biedermann T. Successful treatment of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis with topical 2% cholesterol/ 2% lovastatin cream: a case series with 7 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 36:e52-e54. [PMID: 34418182 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Tomsitz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - T Biedermann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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24
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Drumm C, Gulmann C, Ní Raghallaigh S. A large annular plaque on the right forearm slowly extending into a graft site. Clin Exp Dermatol 2021; 46:1369-1372. [PMID: 34302316 DOI: 10.1111/ced.14701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C Drumm
- Departments of, Dermatology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C Gulmann
- Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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25
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Yogianti F, Pradipta NK. Case of lichen planus with unusual features. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/7/e242466. [PMID: 34244198 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-242466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A 25-year-old woman came with an itchy red rash on her back since 2 years ago. This lesion then extended to the abdomen, arms and legs. From the patient's back, we found irregular linear hyperpigmented patches with some of the edges in the form of hyperpigmented plaques. On the abdomen, arms and legs, erythema-hyperpigmented plaque and patches were visible along the elevated edges with multiple scattered sizes. Lichen planus (LP) has several types based on various clinical manifestations. The diagnosis of LP can be made based on the clinical appearance and symptoms of pruritus. Many diseases can mimic other diseases so histopathology is used to make the diagnosis. Here, we report a case of LP with unusual features with diagnosis confirmed by histopathological examination. The patient was treated with oral and topical potent corticosteroids with good response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flandiana Yogianti
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia .,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Nabila Kirtti Pradipta
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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26
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Farinazzo E, Zelin E, Conforti C, Ramella V, Bussani R, Zalaudek I, Di Meo N. Small annular lesions on the nose of a young Caucasian woman. Int J Dermatol 2021; 61:164-166. [PMID: 34152616 PMCID: PMC9291466 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.15709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Farinazzo
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Zelin
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Conforti
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Vittorio Ramella
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Rossana Bussani
- Department of Pathological Anatomy and Histology, Cattinara Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Meo
- Dermatology Clinic, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
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27
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Abella Cajigal JM, Fernández López C, García-Lamazares M. [Premalignant lesions of the penis]. Semergen 2021; 47:563-571. [PMID: 34144867 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2021.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The dermatological conditions that affect the penis are diverse, and may be typical of this area or be part of systemic diseases. The anamnesis and inspection are often sufficient for diagnosis, but other times, it is difficult to distinguish between benign dermatoses and premalignant lesions. The delay in consulting, due to fear, shame or the doctor's own ignorance, can cause the lesions to progress to malignancy and require aggressive treatments that can alter the quality of life and physical and mental health of the patient. We must suspect premalignancy or malignancy any lesion of the penis that is not modified with specific or empirical treatment and refer for biopsy. HPV infections are the origin of 50% of premalignant lesions. After treatment and due to possible relapses and progression to infiltrating carcinomas, a strict follow-up plan is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Abella Cajigal
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Os Mallos, La Coruña, España.
| | - C Fernández López
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Os Mallos, La Coruña, España
| | - M García-Lamazares
- Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Os Mallos, La Coruña, España
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28
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Zaar O, Polesie S, Navarrete-Dechent C, Errichetti E, Akay BN, Jaimes J, Cabo H, Cohen Sabban E, Paoli J. Dermoscopy of porokeratosis: results from a multicentre study of the International Dermoscopy Society. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:2091-2096. [PMID: 34077570 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The diagnosis of porokeratosis can be challenging, and knowledge about its dermoscopic features is limited. OBJECTIVES To describe the dermoscopic features of porokeratosis of Mibelli and disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) and the frequency of these features in a larger case series. The interobserver concordance was also assessed. METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, members of the International Dermoscopy Society contributed macroscopic and dermoscopic images of histopathologically verified cases of porokeratosis of Mibelli or DSAP. Three observers independently reviewed the collected images to identify the presence of predefined dermoscopic features. Following this, a consensus meeting was held to agree upon which dermoscopic features were present in each lesion. RESULTS In total, 78 clinical and dermoscopic images of porokeratoses were collected. The most common dermoscopic feature was keratin rim, which was present in 74 lesions (92.3%). The most common vascular structures were dotted or glomerular vessels which were present in almost half of the cases (48.7%). Other relatively frequent dermoscopic findings were as follows: non-peripheral scales (44.9%), grey-brown dots or pigmentation along the keratin rim (38.5%), and light-brown pigmentation within the keratin rim (33.3%). Shiny white structures and blood spots or erosions along the keratin rim were findings never before described in porokeratosis and were detected in 16.7% and 17.9% of the lesions, respectively. Dermoscopic findings in porokeratosis of Mibelli and DSAP were similar except for fewer blood spots or erosions along the keratin rim and more light-brown pigmentation within the keratin rim in DSAP. The interobserver concordance ranged from 0.44 (moderate) to 0.84 (almost perfect). CONCLUSIONS The dermoscopic hallmark of porokeratosis is the keratin rim, a finding also allowing for almost perfect interobserver agreement. Pigmentation or erosions along the keratin rim, vascular structures, as well as scales, pigmentation or shiny white structures within the keratin rim are additional dermoscopic clues.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Zaar
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - S Polesie
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - C Navarrete-Dechent
- Department of Dermatology, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Melanoma and Skin Cancer Unit, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Errichetti
- Institute of Dermatology, University Hospital "Santa Maria della Misericordia", Udine, Italy
| | - B N Akay
- Department of Dermatology, Medicine Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - J Jaimes
- Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - H Cabo
- Dermatology Department, Medical Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - E Cohen Sabban
- Dermatology Department, Medical Research Institute, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J Paoli
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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