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Cheng TC, Lo CC. A Causal Analysis of Young Adults' Binge Drinking Reduction and Cessation. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2023; 13:870-882. [PMID: 37232704 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe13050066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study, using the multiple disadvantage model (MDM), sought to identify factors (disadvantaging social disorganization, social structural, social integration, health/mental health, co-occurring substance use, and substance treatment access factors) in young adults' binge drinking reduction and cessation in the United States. METHODS We extracted data on 942 young adult binge drinkers (25-34 years, 47.8% female) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), carrying out a temporal-ordered causal analysis, meaning the evaluation of select variables' impacts on an outcome at a subsequent time. RESULTS MDM found a relatively high reduction likelihood for non-Hispanic African Americans and respondents with relatively more education. MDM found a relatively low reduction likelihood accompanying an alcohol-related arrest, higher income, and greater number of close friends. Change to nondrinking was found more likely for non-Hispanic African Americans, other non-Hispanic participants having minority ethnicity, older respondents, those with more occupational skills, and healthier respondents. Such change became less likely with an alcohol-related arrest, higher income, relatively more education, greater number of close friends, close friends' disapproval of drinking, and co-occurring drug use. CONCLUSIONS Interventions incorporating a motivational-interviewing style can effectively promote health awareness, assessment of co-occurring disorders, friendships with nondrinkers, and attainment of occupational skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyrone C Cheng
- School of Social Work, University of Alabama, Little Hall, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
| | - Celia C Lo
- Peraton, Defense Personnel and Security Research Center, Seaside, CA 93955, USA
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2
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Little MA, Klesges RC, Mallawaarachchi I, McMurry T, Pebley K, McDevitt-Murphy M, Murphy J, Wayne Talcott G. Prevention of Alcohol-related Incidents in the U.S. Air Force: Results From a Cluster Randomized Trial. Mil Med 2021; 188:usab489. [PMID: 34865112 DOI: 10.1093/milmed/usab489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol misuse poses significant public health concerns in the U.S. Military. An Alcohol Misconduct Prevention Program (AMPP), which includes a brief alcohol intervention (BAI) session, plus random breathalyzer program, has been shown to reduce alcohol-related incidents (ARIs) among Airmen undergoing training. PURPOSE The current study sought to examine whether a booster BAI administered at the end of Airmen's training reduced ARIs out to a 1-year follow-up. METHODS Participants were 26,231 U.S. Air Force Technical Trainees recruited between March 2016 and July 2018. Participants were cluster randomized by cohort to two conditions: AMPP + BAI Booster or AMPP + Bystander Intervention. The primary analysis was a comparison of the interventions' efficacies in preventing Article 15 ARIs at a 1-year follow-up, conducted using a generalized estimating equations logistic regression model controlling for covariates. RESULTS There was no significant difference by condition in Article 15 ARIs at the 1-year follow-up (P = .912). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that a booster may not be necessary to produce maximum effects beyond the initial AMPP intervention. It is also possible that alcohol behaviors changed as a result of the intervention but were not captured by our outcome measures. Future research should consider alternative outcomes or participant-tracking measures to determine whether a different or more intensive BAI booster is effective. The majority of Article 15 ARIs were for underage drinking; therefore, developing an intervention focused on this problem behavior could lead to large reductions in training costs in the military.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Little
- School of Medicine Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Robert C Klesges
- School of Medicine Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Indika Mallawaarachchi
- School of Medicine Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Timothy McMurry
- School of Medicine Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Kinsey Pebley
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | | | - James Murphy
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - G Wayne Talcott
- School of Medicine Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
- Wilford Hall Ambulatory Surgical Center, San Antonio-Lackland AFB, TX 78236, USA
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3
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Calverley HLM, Petrass LA, Blitvich JD. A systematic review of alcohol education programs for young people: do these programs change behavior? HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH 2021; 36:87-99. [PMID: 33306789 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyaa049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Numerous education programs have addressed young peoples' alcohol use. To date, no peer-reviewed publication has evaluated the effectiveness of such programs delivered across a range of contexts to change alcohol-related behaviors, attitudes and/or knowledge. This systematic review aimed to identify alcohol education programs addressing young people, and determine whether they changed alcohol-related behavior, knowledge and attitudes; and, ascertain components of successful programs. Studies were identified, guided by the PRISMA review process, from the earliest records until June 2020. Included studies (N = 70) comprised an alcohol education program which focused on young people (15-24 years). Forty programs reported behavior changes, and these programs were the highest quality. Others impacted attitudes and/or knowledge only (n = 12); or reported no impacts (n = 17). Recent programs were more likely than older programs to feature online delivery and report behavior changes. To enhance alcohol education, future programs should include the identified quality criteria, alongside process and long-term outcome evaluations, to better monitor effectiveness. Findings indicated some education programs have capacity to positively change alcohol-related behavior; however, outcome consistency varied even in high-quality programs. Alcohol education programs should be designed alongside health education/promotion models and best-practice recommendations, to improve the likelihood of desirable behavior-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah L M Calverley
- School of Education, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mt Helen, Victoria, 3350, Australia
| | - Lauren A Petrass
- School of Education, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mt Helen, Victoria, 3350, Australia
| | - Jennifer D Blitvich
- School of Science, Psychology and Sport, Federation University Australia, University Drive, Mt Helen, Victoria, 3350, Australia
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Preusse M, Neuner F, Ertl V. Effectiveness of Psychosocial Interventions Targeting Hazardous and Harmful Alcohol Use and Alcohol-Related Symptoms in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:768. [PMID: 32903779 PMCID: PMC7438922 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), the mismatch between the number of individuals needing and those receiving treatment for alcohol use disorders (AUD) is substantial. In order to provide suggestions for the scaling up of effective service provision we systematically reviewed the current evidence on the effectiveness of AUD-focused psychosocial interventions in LMIC. METHODS We used a systematic review methodology following the PRISMA guidelines. Twelve electronic databases listing published and grey literature were searched and only randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) were included. Where possible, effect sizes were calculated using Hedges' g indices. RESULTS Twenty-one RCTs conducted in 15 different LMIC between 1992 and 2018 fulfilled inclusion criteria. Most studies employed brief one-on-one interventions facilitated by trained primary care staff. Eighty-six percent of RCTs based their interventions on the principles of motivational interviewing (MI) with the majority supplementing MI-based interventions with alcohol-tailored elements of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The remaining RCTs employed CBT-components exclusively. Just over 40% of studies included in quantitative analyses (n=17) yielded an at least medium-sized effect (g≥.50) of the respective intervention compared to alcohol-related and unrelated control conditions or waiting list. Only half of the trials implementing the widely applied MI-based approaches (or MI-based approaches blended with CBT-elements) were superior to their respective control conditions. CONCLUSION To date, a relatively small number of RCTs investigating AUD-focused treatments has been conducted in LMIC. The majority of between condition effect size estimates were small and no type of intervention can clearly be recommended over another. No RCTs were conducted in conflict-affected areas in LMIC although they would merit particular attention since AUD is often linked to trauma-related mental health disorders. More RCTs in LMIC are required and alternatives to MI-based approaches should be investigated. This systematic review summarizes properties of effective interventions and provides implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Preusse
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- vivo international, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Frank Neuner
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- vivo international, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Verena Ertl
- vivo international, Konstanz, Germany
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Biopsychology, Catholic University Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany
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5
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Potter K, Virtanen H, Luca P, Pacaud D, Nettel-Aguirre A, Kaminsky L, Ho J. Knowledge and practice of harm-reduction behaviours for alcohol and other illicit substance use in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Paediatr Child Health 2018; 24:e51-e56. [PMID: 30833824 DOI: 10.1093/pch/pxy075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To survey adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) about their knowledge and application of harm-reduction recommendations when they engage in alcohol and other illicit substance use. Methods Cross-sectional survey and chart review of adolescents with T1DM aged 13 to 18 years. Results One hundred and ninety patients were approached and 164 were included in the analysis. Mean age was 15.6 years (standard deviation [SD]=1.5). Fifty-one per cent were male. Of those who reported consuming alcohol, 95% knew that they should have a friend or parent check their blood glucose in the middle of the night after drinking but only 62% reported actually doing this in practice. Similarly, 98% reported knowing that they should wear a medic alert identification but only 79% reported actually doing this. Of those who reported consuming cannabis, 14% reported forgetting to check blood glucose and 14% reported forgetting insulin when using cannabis. From the chart review, a significantly lower proportion of adolescents reported substance use during their clinic visits (alcohol 26%, tobacco 19%, illicit substance 25%) compared to the self report in the survey (alcohol 55%, tobacco 30%, illicit substance 32%). Conclusions Adolescents' knowledge of harm-reduction practices for the use of alcohol and other illicit substances is not always put to practice. Motivating adolescents to use their knowledge in practice is an important area to improve in diabetes self-management. Those who reported engaging in substance use in the survey had not always reported use during interactions with health care providers. This emphasizes the need for unbiased, universal education of all adolescents in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Potter
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Heidi Virtanen
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Paola Luca
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Danièle Pacaud
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta
| | | | - Laura Kaminsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta
| | - Josephine Ho
- Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Calgary, Alberta
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Derefinko KJ, Linde BD, Klesges RC, Boothe T, Colvin L, Leroy K, Little MA, Pasker C, Murphy JG, McDevitt-Murphy ME, Bursac Z, Ebbert JO, Waters TM, Brooks I, Talcott GW. Dissemination of the Brief Alcohol Intervention in the United States Air Force: Study Rationale, Design, and Methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/21635781.2017.1397569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen J. Derefinko
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Brittany D. Linde
- Organizational Wellness & Learning Systems (OWLS), Fort Worth, Texas
| | - Robert C. Klesges
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Tina Boothe
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Lauren Colvin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Karen Leroy
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Melissa A. Little
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Christin Pasker
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - James G. Murphy
- Department of Psychology, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Meghan E. McDevitt-Murphy
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Zoran Bursac
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Jon O. Ebbert
- Nicotine Dependence Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Teresa M. Waters
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Ian Brooks
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - G. Wayne Talcott
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Sciences Center, San Antonio, Texas
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Foxcroft DR, Moreira MT, Almeida Santimano NML, Smith LA. Social norms information for alcohol misuse in university and college students. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 2015:CD006748. [PMID: 26711838 PMCID: PMC8750744 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006748.pub4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drinking is influenced by youth perceptions of how their peers drink. These perceptions are often incorrect, overestimating peer drinking norms. If inaccurate perceptions can be corrected, young people may drink less. OBJECTIVES To determine whether social norms interventions reduce alcohol-related negative consequences, alcohol misuse or alcohol consumption when compared with a control (ranging from assessment only/no intervention to other educational or psychosocial interventions) among university and college students. SEARCH METHODS The following electronic databases were searched up to July 2015: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library), MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO. The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) only to March 2008. Reference lists of included studies and review articles were manually searched. No restriction based on language or date was applied. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials or cluster-randomised controlled trials that compared a social normative intervention versus no intervention, alcohol education leaflet or other 'non-normative feedback' alcohol intervention and reported on alcohol consumption or alcohol-related problems in university or college students. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures as expected by Cochrane. Each outcome was analysed by mode of delivery: mailed normative feedback (MF); web/computer normative feedback (WF); individual face-to-face normative feedback (IFF); group face-to-face normative feedback (GFF); and normative marketing campaign (MC). MAIN RESULTS A total of 70 studies (44,958 participants) were included in the review, and 63 studies (42,784 participants) in the meta-analyses. Overall, the risk of bias assessment showed that these studies provided moderate or low quality evidence.Outcomes at four or more months post-intervention were of particular interest to assess when effects were sustained beyond the immediate short term. We have reported pooled effects across delivery modes only for those analyses for which heterogeneity across delivery modes is not substantial (I(2) < 50%).Alcohol-related problems at four or more months: IFF standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.14, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.24 to -0.04 (participants = 2327; studies = 11; moderate quality evidence), equivalent to a decrease of 1.28 points in the 69-point alcohol problems scale score. No effects were found for WF or MF.Binge drinking at four or more months: results pooled across delivery modes: SMD -0.06, 95% CI -0.11 to -0.02 (participants = 11,292; studies = 16; moderate quality evidence), equivalent to 2.7% fewer binge drinkers if 30-day prevalence is 43.9%.Drinking quantity at four or more months: results pooled across delivery modes: SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.12 to -0.04 (participants = 21,169; studies = 32; moderate quality evidence), equivalent to a reduction of 0.9 drinks consumed each week, from a baseline of 13.7 drinks per week.Drinking frequency at four or more months: WF SMD -0.11, 95% CI -0.17 to -0.04 (participants = 9929; studies = 10; moderate quality evidence), equivalent to a decrease of 0.17 drinking days/wk, from a baseline of 2.74 days/wk; IFF SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.10 (participants = 1464; studies = 8; moderate quality evidence), equivalent to a decrease of 0.32 drinking days/wk, from a baseline of 2.74 days/wk. No effects were found for GFF or MC.Estimated blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at four or more months: peak BAC results pooled across delivery modes: SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.17 to 0.00 (participants = 7198; studies = 11; low quality evidence), equivalent to a reduction in peak BAC from an average of 0.144% to 0.135%. No effects were found for typical BAC with IFF. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The results of this review indicate that no substantive meaningful benefits are associated with social norms interventions for prevention of alcohol misuse among college/university students. Although some significant effects were found, we interpret the effect sizes as too small, given the measurement scales used in the studies included in this review, to be of relevance for policy or practice. Moreover, the significant effects are not consistent for all misuse measures, heterogeneity was a problem in some analyses and bias cannot be discounted as a potential cause of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Foxcroft
- Oxford Brookes UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Social Work and Public HealthMarston Road, Jack Straws LaneMarstonOxfordEnglandUKOX3 0FL
| | | | - Nerissa ML Almeida Santimano
- Oxford Brookes UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Social Work and Public HealthMarston Road, Jack Straws LaneMarstonOxfordEnglandUKOX3 0FL
| | - Lesley A Smith
- Oxford Brookes UniversityDepartment of Psychology, Social Work and Public HealthMarston Road, Jack Straws LaneMarstonOxfordEnglandUKOX3 0FL
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Shupp MR, Brooks F, Schooley D. Assessing Effective Alcohol and Other Drug Interventions with the College-Age Population: A Longitudinal Review. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2015.1077630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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9
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Obasi EM, Brooks JJ, Cavanagh L. The Relationship Between Psychological Distress, Negative Cognitions, and Expectancies on Problem Drinking: Exploring a Growing Problem Among University Students. Behav Modif 2015; 40:51-69. [PMID: 26311191 DOI: 10.1177/0145445515601793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Few studies have sought to understand the concurrent relationship between cognitive and affective processes on alcohol use and negative alcohol-related consequences, despite both being identified as predictive risk factors in the college population. More research is needed to understand the relationships between identified factors of problem drinking among this at-risk population. The purpose of this study was to test if the relationship between psychological distress and problem drinking among university students (N = 284; M-age = 19.77) was mediated by negative affect regulation strategies and positive alcohol-related expectancies. Two latent mediation models of problem drinking were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM). The parsimonious three-path mediated latent model was supported by the data, as evidenced by several model fit indices. Furthermore, the alternate saturated model provided similar fit to the data, but contained several direct relationships that were not statistically significant. The relationship between psychological distress and problem drinking was mediated by an extended contributory chain, including negative affect regulation and positive alcohol-related expectancies. Implications for prevention and treatment, as well as future directions, are discussed.
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10
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Foxcroft DR, Moreira MT, Almeida Santimano NML, Smith LA. Social norms information for alcohol misuse in university and college students. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015; 1:CD006748. [PMID: 25622306 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006748.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drinking is influenced by youth (mis)perceptions of how their peers drink. If misperceptions can be corrected, young people may drink less. OBJECTIVES To determine whether social norms interventions reduce alcohol-related negative consequences, alcohol misuse or alcohol consumption when compared with a control (ranging from assessment only/no intervention to other educational or psychosocial interventions) among university and college students. SEARCH METHODS The following electronic databases were searched up to May 2014: the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) (only to March 2008). Reference lists of included studies and review articles were manually searched. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials or cluster-randomised controlled trials that compared a social normative intervention versus no intervention, alcohol education leaflet or other 'non-normative feedback' alcohol intervention and reported on alcohol consumption or alcohol-related problems in university or college students. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures as expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. Each outcome was analysed by mode of delivery: mailed normative feedback (MF); Web/computer normative feedback (WF); individual face-to-face normative feedback (IFF); group face-to-face normative feedback (GFF); and normative marketing campaign (MC). MAIN RESULTS A total of 66 studies (43,125 participants) were included in the review, and 59 studies (40,951 participants) in the meta-analyses. Outcomes at 4+ months post intervention were of particular interest to assess when effects were sustained beyond the immediate short term. We have reported pooled effects across delivery modes only for those analyses for which heterogeneity across delivery modes is not substantial (I(2) < 50%). Alcohol-related problems at 4+ months: IFF standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.31 to -0.01 (participants = 1065; studies = 7; moderate quality of evidence), equivalent to a decrease of 1.5 points in the 69-point alcohol problems scale score. No effects were found for WF or MF. Binge drinking at 4+ months: results pooled across delivery modes: SMD -0.06, 95% CI -0.11 to -0.02 (participants = 11,292; studies = 16; moderate quality of evidence), equivalent to 2.7% fewer binge drinkers if 30-day prevalence is 43.9%. Drinking quantity at 4+ months: results pooled across delivery modes: SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.12 to -0.05 (participants = 20,696; studies = 33; moderate quality of evidence), equivalent to a reduction of 0.9 drinks consumed each week, from a baseline of 13.7 drinks per week. Drinking frequency at 4+ months: WF SMD -0.12, 95% CI -0.18 to -0.05 (participants = 9456; studies = 9; moderate quality of evidence), equivalent to a decrease of 0.19 drinking days/wk, from a baseline of 2.74 days/wk; IFF SMD -0.21, 95% CI -0.31 to -0.10 (participants = 1464; studies = 8; moderate quality of evidence), equivalent to a decrease of 0.32 drinking days/wk, from a baseline of 2.74 days/wk. No effects were found for GFF or MC. Estimated blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at 4+ months: peak BAC results pooled across delivery modes: SMD -0.08, 95% CI -0.17 to 0.00 (participants = 7198; studies = 13; low quality of evidence), equivalent to a reduction in peak PAC from an average of 0.144% to 0.135%. No effects were found for typical BAC with IFF. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS The results of this review indicate that no substantive meaningful benefits are associated with social norms interventions for prevention of alcohol misuse among college/university students. Although some significant effects were found, we interpret the effect sizes as too small, given the measurement scales used in the studies included in this review, to be of relevance for policy or practice. Moreover, the statistically significant effects are not consistent for all misuse measures, heterogeneity was a problem in some analyses and bias cannot be discounted as a potential cause of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Foxcroft
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Public Health, Oxford Brookes University, Marston Road, Jack Straws Lane, Marston, Oxford, England, UK, OX3 0FL
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11
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Mun EY, de la Torre J, Atkins DC, White HR, Ray AE, Kim SY, Jiao Y, Clarke N, Huo Y, Larimer ME, Huh D. Project INTEGRATE: An integrative study of brief alcohol interventions for college students. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2014; 29:34-48. [PMID: 25546144 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of a study that synthesizes multiple, independently collected alcohol intervention studies for college students into a single, multisite longitudinal data set. This research embraced innovative analytic strategies (i.e., integrative data analysis or meta-analysis using individual participant-level data), with the overall goal of answering research questions that are difficult to address in individual studies such as moderation analysis, while providing a built-in replication for the reported efficacy of brief motivational interventions for college students. Data were pooled across 24 intervention studies, of which 21 included a comparison or control condition and all included one or more treatment conditions. This yielded a sample of 12,630 participants (42% men; 58% first-year or incoming students). The majority of the sample identified as White (74%), with 12% Asian, 7% Hispanic, 2% Black, and 5% other/mixed ethnic groups. Participants were assessed 2 or more times from baseline up to 12 months, with varying assessment schedules across studies. This article describes how we combined individual participant-level data from multiple studies, and discusses the steps taken to develop commensurate measures across studies via harmonization and newly developed Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms for 2-parameter logistic item response theory models and a generalized partial credit model. This innovative approach has intriguing promises, but significant barriers exist. To lower the barriers, there is a need to increase overlap in measures and timing of follow-up assessments across studies, better define treatment and control groups, and improve transparency and documentation in future single intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David C Atkins
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Washington
| | | | | | - Su-Young Kim
- Department of Psychology, Ewha Womans University
| | | | | | | | - Mary E Larimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Washington
| | - David Huh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Washington
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12
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Ray AE, Kim SY, White HR, Larimer ME, Mun EY, Clarke N, Jiao Y, Atkins DC, Huh D. When less is more and more is less in brief motivational interventions: characteristics of intervention content and their associations with drinking outcomes. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2014; 28:1026-40. [PMID: 24841183 DOI: 10.1037/a0036593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Brief motivational interventions (BMIs) that aim to reduce alcohol use and related problems have been widely implemented in college settings. BMIs share common principles, but vary in specific content. Thus far, the variation in content has not been thoroughly understood in relation to intervention outcomes. The present study addressed this gap by examining variation in breadth of BMI content (i.e., total number of components covered), the extent to which content was personalized to participants, and the interaction between breadth and personalization in relation to treatment outcomes. Data (N = 6,047 participants across 31 separate BMI conditions) came from an integrative data analysis (IDA) study featuring individual-level data from a broad sample of 24 BMI studies of college students. Participants were assessed at baseline and at least 1 follow-up point, conducted up to 12 months postbaseline. Structural equation modeling revealed a significant interaction effect between breadth and personalization of BMI content on alcohol use and related problems at the long-term follow-up (6-12 months) but not at the short-term follow-up (1-3 months). Results indicated that "more is better" for reducing both alcohol use and related problems when BMIs were highly personalized to participants. For less personalized BMIs, coverage of more components was associated with increases in both alcohol use and problems. Findings point to the importance of strategically designing BMIs to maximize their impact on drinking outcomes in college students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mary E Larimer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | | | | | | | - David C Atkins
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
| | - David Huh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington
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Ickes MJ, Haider T, Sharma M. Alcohol abuse prevention programs in college students. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2013. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2013.856480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Baird J, Nirenberg TD, Longabaugh R, Mello MJ. The effect of group-adapted motivational interviewing on traffic convictions and driving behaviors of court-adjudicated youth. TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION 2013; 14:572-577. [PMID: 23859670 DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2012.734666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a 20 hr prevention program (The Reducing Dangerous Driving Program, RYDD) in reducing traffic citation recidivism and high-risk driving behaviors among 16- to 20-year-olds referred by the Rhode Island courts for traffic citation events. METHODS Participants were randomized to receive either the Adapted Group Motivational Interviewing (AGMI) or the Community Service (CS) arm of the study. Participants completed a survey at baseline and at 6 and 12 months post-RYDD completion. Objective court data on post-RYDD traffic event citations were also collected. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the groups on measures of high-risk driving behaviors and post-RYDD traffic event citation recidivism at the 12-month follow-up assessment. CONCLUSIONS There remains a need to develop and test behavioral interventions that could address high-risk driving behaviors and associated motor vehicle crash (MVC) risk in this population. Further research is needed to determine whether group behavioral interventions that use motivational interviewing could be a possible mechanism for changing high-risk behaviors, traffic citation recidivism, and the associated risks that these pose for MVCs among young drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janette Baird
- Injury Prevention Center, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
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Gmel G, Venzin V, Marmet K, Danko G, Labhart F. A quasi-randomized group trial of a brief alcohol intervention on risky single occasion drinking among secondary school students. Int J Public Health 2012; 57:935-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00038-012-0419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Kazemi DM, Levine MJ, Dmochowski J, Shou Q, Angbing I. Brief motivational intervention for high-risk drinking and illicit drug use in mandated and voluntary freshmen. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2012. [DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2012.689921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Scholl MB, Schmitt DM. Using Motivational Interviewing to Address College Client Alcohol Abuse. JOURNAL OF COLLEGE COUNSELING 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/j.2161-1882.2009.tb00040.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Pensuksan WC, Taneepanichskul S, Williams MA. A peer-drinking group motivational intervention among Thai male undergraduate students. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2010; 21:432-6. [PMID: 20347584 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2009] [Revised: 02/19/2010] [Accepted: 02/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive alcohol consumption, particularly among young males, is an important global health problem, in part because of the increased risks of intentional and non-intentional injuries, uses of illicit drug, crime, and psychiatric disorders. There are no data available to evaluate the extent to which interventions are effective in reducing hazardous/harmful alcohol consumption among young males in Thailand. We examined the efficacy of alcohol harm reduction strategies administered as a peer-drinking group motivational intervention (PD-GMI) among Thai male undergraduates. METHODS We used a quasi-experimental study design that included two student groups assessed at baseline and at two time points post-intervention. Participants were students enrolled in two public universities and who reported alcohol consumption during the current academic year. Students in one university were assigned to an assessment-only study group (n=110); and students in the other university were assigned to a 2-h PD-GMI (n=115). This intervention was designed to (1) increase the awareness of risks associated with hazardous/harmful alcohol consumption; (2) enhance students' motivation to change their drinking behaviours; and (3) encourage harm reduction strategies during episodes of alcohol consumption. Alcohol consumption and adverse consequences were assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI). RESULTS Students receiving the intervention had significant reductions in mean AUDIT scores; 50.4% at baseline to 1-month and 61.2% at baseline to 3-month post-intervention. Their mean RAPI scores were also reduced; 42.0% at baseline to 1-month and 42.9% at baseline to 3-month post-intervention. Reductions in alcohol consumption and the prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption patterns were statistically significant among students in the intervention group versus those in the control group. The reductions remained after adjustments for baseline differences. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest the efficacy of the PD-GMI intervention for reducing alcohol consumption and adverse consequences among Thai male students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wipawan C Pensuksan
- Research for Health Development Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
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LaChance H, Feldstein Ewing SW, Bryan AD, Hutchison KE. What makes group MET work? A randomized controlled trial of college student drinkers in mandated alcohol diversion. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2010; 23:598-612. [PMID: 20025366 DOI: 10.1037/a0016633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Nationally, college drinkers exhibit the highest rates of alcohol consumption and represent the largest percentage of problem drinkers. Group motivational enhancement therapy (GMET) has been found to catalyze problem drinking reductions among college student samples. Although research supporting the use of single-session GMET in college samples (general and mandated) is emergent, no studies have evaluated a comprehensive model of the potential active ingredients of this group intervention. College students (N = 206; 88% White; 63% men; M age = 18.6) mandated to a university alcohol diversion program were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: the standard-of-care 2-session "Focus on Alcohol Concerns" education group (FAC), a single GMET, or a single alcohol information-only control group (AI) to evaluate the role of 5 putative mediators: readiness to change, self-efficacy, perceived risk, norm estimates, and positive drinking expectancies. At 3- and 6-month follow-ups, GMET students demonstrated greater reductions in problem drinking outcomes (drinks per drinking day, hazardous drinking symptoms, and alcohol-related problems). Of the 5 mediators proposed, only self-efficacy emerged as a significant mediator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather LaChance
- National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Effect of motivational interviewing on reduction of alcohol use. Drug Alcohol Depend 2010; 107:23-30. [PMID: 19836904 PMCID: PMC3383096 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2009] [Revised: 08/14/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methadone-maintained (MM) clients who engage in excessive alcohol use are at high risk for HIV and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Nurse-led hepatitis health promotion (HHP) may be one strategy to decrease alcohol use in this population. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of nurse-led HHP, delivered by nurses compared to motivational interviewing (MI), delivered by trained therapists in group sessions or one-on-one on reduction of alcohol use. METHODS A three-arm randomized, controlled trial, conducted with 256 MM adults attending one of five MM outpatient clinics in the Los Angeles area. Within each site, moderate-to-heavy alcohol-using MM participants were randomized into one of three conditions: (1) nurse-led hepatitis health promotion group sessions (n=87); (2) MI delivered in group sessions (MI-group; n=79), or (3) MI delivered one-on-one sessions (MI-single, n=90). RESULTS Self-reported alcohol use was reduced from a median of 90 drinks/month at baseline to 60 drinks/month at 6-month follow-up. A Wilcoxon sign-rank test indicated a significant reduction in alcohol use in the total sample (p<.05). In multiple logistic regression analysis controlling for alcohol consumption at baseline and other covariates, no differences by condition were found. DISCUSSION As compared to two programs delivered by MI specialists, a culturally-sensitive and easy to implement nurse-led HHP program produced similar reductions in alcohol use over 6 months. Employing nurse-led programs may allow cost savings for treatment programs as well as a greater integration of alcohol reduction counseling along with a more comprehensive focus on general health-related issues than previously conducted.
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Branscum P, Sharma M. A Review of Motivational Interviewing-Based Interventions Targeting Problematic Drinking Among College Students. ALCOHOLISM TREATMENT QUARTERLY 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/07347320903436276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Lim CY, Kim JS, Kim SS, Jung JG, Bae NK, Lee SH, Choi TG, Kim JH. Group Intervention by Primary Care Physicians on Heavy Drinkers: A 1-Year Follow-up Study. Korean J Fam Med 2010. [DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.2010.31.11.845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chul-Young Lim
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jong-Sung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sung-Soo Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Gyu Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nam-Kyou Bae
- Korean National Health Insurance Corporation, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae-Geun Choi
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Institute for Medical Sciences, Chungnam National University College of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jung-Ha Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Chung-Ang University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Moreira MT, Smith LA, Foxcroft D. Social norms interventions to reduce alcohol misuse in university or college students. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009:CD006748. [PMID: 19588402 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd006748.pub2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drinking is influenced by youth (mis)perceptions of how their peers drink. If misperceptions can be corrected, young people may drink less. OBJECTIVES To determine whether social norms feedback reduces alcohol misuse in university or college students. SEARCH STRATEGY Cochrane Drugs and Alcohol Group Register of Trials; Central; MEDLINE; EMBASE; PsyInfo; CINAHL (up to March 2008). SELECTION CRITERIA RCT or cluster RCT that evaluate social normative intervention with no intervention, alcohol education leaflet or other non-normative feedback intervention DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS 2/3 authors extracted data. Included studies were assessed against criteria indicated in the Cochrane Reviewers Handbook version 5.0.0. MAIN RESULTS Twenty-two studies were included (7,275 participants).Alcohol related problems: Significant reduction with Web/computer feedback (WF) (SMD -0.31 95% Cl -0.59 to -0.02), three studies, 278 participants. No significant effect of mailed feedback (MF), individual face-to-face feedback (IFF) or group face-to-face feedback (GFF).Peak Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) : Significant reduction with WF (SMD -0.77 95% Cl -1.25 to -0.28), two studies, 198 participants. No significant effect of MF or IFF.Drinking Frequency: Significant reduction with WF (SMD -0.38 95% Cl -0.63 to -0.13), two studies, 243 participants and IFF (SMD -0.39 95% Cl -0.66 to -0.12), two studies, 217 participants. No significant effect of MF.Drinking Quantity: Significant reduction with WF (SMD -0.35 95% Cl -0.51 to -0.18), five studies, 556 participants and GFF (SMD -0.32 95% Cl -0.63 to -0.02) three studies, 173 participants. No significant effect of MF or IF.Binge drinking: Significant reduction with WF (SMD -0.47 95% Cl -0.92 to -0.03) one study, 80 participants, IFF (SMD -0.25 95% Cl -0.49 to -0.02) three studies, 278 participants and and GFF (SMD -0.38 95% Cl -0.62 to -0.14) four studies, 264 participants. No significant effect for MF.BAC: No significant effect of MF and IFFDrinking norms: Significant reduction with WF (SMD -0.75 95% Cl -0.98 to -0.52 ) three studies, 312 participants. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS WF and IFF are probably effective in reducing alcohol misuse. No direct comparisons of WF against IFF were found, but WF impacted across a broader set of outcomes and is less costly so therefore might be preferred. Significant effects were more apparent for short-term outcomes (up to three months). For mailed and group feedback, and social norms marketing campaigns, the results are on the whole not significant and therefore cannot be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Moreira
- School of Health and Social Care, Oxford Brookes University, Jack Straws Lane Marston, Oxford, UK, Oxford OX3 0FL
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Boekeloo BO, Bush EN, Novik MG. Perceptions about residence hall wingmates and alcohol-related secondhand effects among college freshmen. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2009; 57:619-626. [PMID: 19433400 PMCID: PMC2748425 DOI: 10.3200/jach.57.6.619-628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors examined the secondhand effects among college freshmen of others' alcohol use and related student characteristics, and perceptions about residence hallmates. PARTICIPANTS The authors surveyed 509 incoming freshmen residing in predominantly freshman residence halls. METHODS The authors administered a Web-based survey 2 months into the 2006 fall academic semester. RESULTS Most (80%) students experienced at least 1 secondhand effect. Participants' perceptions of wingmates' acceptance and expectation of alcohol use and participants' perceived inability to protect themselves against alcohol problems were related to experiencing secondhand effects, as were being a female and a drinker. CONCLUSIONS Incoming college freshmen frequently experienced secondhand effects of alcohol use. Involving residence halls in norms-based interventions aimed at reducing secondhand effects warrants evaluation. Further research is also needed to examine skill building among college students to avoid and intervene into others' drinking and to examine resident advisor roles as both engenderers of trust and cooperation as well as enforcers of alcohol rules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley O. Boekeloo
- Department of Public and Community Health University of Maryland, School of Public Health 2387 Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742 Office: 301-405-8546; Fax: 301-314-6598 E-mail address:
| | - Elizabeth N. Bush
- Department of Public and Community Health University of Maryland, School of Public Health 2387 Valley Drive, College Park, MD 20742 Office: 301-405-8546; Fax: 301-314-6598 E-mail address:
| | - Melinda G. Novik
- Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation Missouri State University 901 S National Avenue Springfield, MO 65897
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Boekeloo BO, Novik MG, Bush EN, O'Grady KE. Impact of the "peers as family" dormitory wing-based intervention on college student alcohol use and its secondhand effects. JOURNAL OF DRUG EDUCATION 2009; 39:339-359. [PMID: 20443452 PMCID: PMC3367862 DOI: 10.2190/de.39.4.a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An intervention to reduce college alcohol use and secondhand effects was tested. Freshmen dormitory wings at a large Mid-Atlantic public university were assigned to single-gender (SG) or mixed-gender (MG) Information-Motivation-Behavior (IMB) workshops implemented during the first weeks of school, or a control condition. Students were surveyed before school began and at 2- and 6-month follow-up. Analyses indicated that, among males, the adjusted mean weekly alcohol use was lower in the SG than the control condition (1.89 vs. 2.72, p = .041). Among females, the adjusted mean weekly alcohol use was lower in the MG than the SG (1.60 vs. 2.44, p = .021) and control condition (1.60 vs. 2.27, p = .056). Further research should identify underlying mechanisms for effective alcohol behavior change among male and female wing-mates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley O Boekeloo
- Dept. of Public and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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Labrie J, Lamb T, Pedersen E. Changes in Drinking Patterns Across the Transition to College Among First-Year College Males. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT SUBSTANCE ABUSE 2008; 18:1-15. [PMID: 25589826 DOI: 10.1080/15470650802526500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Few studies examine changes in drinking behavior during the transition from high school to college. Using a sample of 239 first-year males, we hypothesized that participants would increase drinking from pre-college to the first month of college. Results reveal a general trend toward increased drinking upon entering college. Caucasians increased drinking more than non-Caucasians. Social expectancies of alcohol moderated increases in drinking behavior. These findings indicate that differential changes in drinking behavior occur among incoming college males. Interventions with college students need to address both preventing heavy consumption and alcohol-related problems in pre-college light drinkers and in reducing these behaviors among pre-college heavy drinkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toby Lamb
- Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Earleywine M, LaBrie JW, Pedersen ER. A brief Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index with less potential for bias. Addict Behav 2008; 33:1249-53. [PMID: 18547738 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Revised: 04/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Rutgers Alcohol Problem Index (RAPI), a popular measure of alcohol-related problems in adolescents, varies with many theoretically-relevant measures of individual differences, including sex. The sex differences in RAPI scores fit many models of alcohol problems but could also arise from biased items. In addition, a short form could increase the scale's utility. The current study examined RAPI scores, an additional inventory of problem drinking, and measures of alcohol consumption in over 2000 college student drinkers. Analyses revealed items that functioned differentially for men and women. Dropping these items created a shorter scale with almost identical psychometric properties but less potential for bias. Correlations with drinking habits and drinking problems were the same as those for the full scale, and the size of the effect for the difference between men and women's responses remained essentially the same. These results confirm previous work using different analytic approaches, and suggest that a short form of the RAPI could prove helpful in future research. In addition, these data suggest that analyses of differential item functioning in other scales can reveal important information about the measurement of drug problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitch Earleywine
- Department of Psychology, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
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Moussas G, Tzemos L, Pavlopoulos V, Papadimitriou K, Menoutis V, Lykouras L. Alcohol use and abuse in training conscripts of the Hellenic navy. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2006; 5:21. [PMID: 17134512 PMCID: PMC1698475 DOI: 10.1186/1744-859x-5-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2006] [Accepted: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Alcohol abuse and addiction are big current problems of the developed world having multivariate causality and multiple effects. Alcohol abuse in young people is a matter of central importance due to its wide range long lasting effects, especially so in Greece where the problem has only recently started growing. The Hellenic Navy is interested in the complications of alcohol abuse in training conscripts. Because young conscripts will be placed in demanding positions, but also because in Greece the military service is obligatory and represents an important period for the socialization of young men. METHODS In the present study, levels of alcohol use and abuse were measured in a sample of 650 male training conscripts of the Hellenic Navy. The tools used are: (a) two questionnaires measuring frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption and psychosocial variables, (b) the CAGE test, which is a questionnaire measuring hidden alcoholism. RESULTS 38,1% conscripts were characterized problematic drinkers according the adolescents criteria. Additional psychological complications were related to alcohol use. Using the stricter criterion for adults (plus psychological complications) 8.9% were found to be problematic drinkers. The use of CAGE questionnaire which is measuring hidden alcoholism, identified 16% of the total sample as hidden alcoholics. DISCUSSION The findings regarding unregular levels of alcohol use and abuse are presented as well as their relation to psychosocial complications and to demographic characteristics. The results are discussed in the light of Creek and international bibliography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Moussas
- Secont Psychiatric Department Medical School University of Athens "Attikon" General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Leonidas Tzemos
- Office of Preventive Mental Health, Hellenic Navy, Skaramangas, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Lefteris Lykouras
- Secont Psychiatric Department Medical School University of Athens "Attikon" General Hospital, Athens, Greece
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