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Mills SD, Peddireddy S, Kurtzman R, Hill F, Catalan V, Bissram JS, Ribisl KM. The Impact of Menthol Cigarette Bans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nicotine Tob Res 2024:ntae011. [PMID: 38379278 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This review investigates the impacts of banning the sale of menthol cigarettes at stores. METHODS A systematic search of studies published in English up to November 2022 was conducted. The following databases were searched: PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase, as well as a non-indexed journal. Studies evaluating either the impact of real-world or hypothesized menthol cigarette bans were included. Primary outcomes include tobacco use behaviors. Secondary outcomes include cigarette sales, retailer compliance, and the tobacco industry's response to a menthol ban. Data on tobacco use behavior after a menthol ban were pooled using random-effects models. Two pairs of reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. RESULTS Of the 964 articles that were identified during the initial search, 78 were included in the review and 16 were included in the meta-analysis. Cessation rates among menthol cigarette smokers were high after a menthol ban. Pooled results show that 24% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 20%, 28%) of menthol cigarette smokers quit smoking after a menthol ban, 50% (95% CI: 31%, 68%) switched to non-menthol cigarettes, 12% (95% CI: 3%, 20%) switched to other flavored tobacco products, and 24% (95% CI: 17%, 31%) continued smoking menthol cigarettes. Hypothesized quitting and switching rates were fairly close to real-world rates. Studies found the tobacco industry attempts to undermine menthol bans. National menthol bans appear more effective than local or state menthol bans. CONCLUSIONS Menthol cigarette bans promote smoking cessation suggesting their potential to improve public health. IMPLICATIONS Findings from this review suggest that menthol cigarette bans promote smoking cessation among menthol cigarette smokers and have the potential to improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Mills
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Snigdha Peddireddy
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Rachel Kurtzman
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- National Opinion Research Center (NORC) at the University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frantasia Hill
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Victor Catalan
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer S Bissram
- Health Sciences Library, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kurt M Ribisl
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Gu M, Li X, Qin T, Qiao K, Bai X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Bai Y, Gao J. Environment and social support for smoking cessation among community smokers in Beijing, China. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:145. [PMID: 37941820 PMCID: PMC10629225 DOI: 10.18332/tid/172216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the relationship between environment support, social support and smoking cessation, to provide suggestions for the construction of environment and social support for tobacco control. METHODS This was a secondary analysis based on two cross-sectional surveys of adult smokers who participated in the six-month community smoking cessation intervention projects in Beijing. The study subjects were divided into a successful group (n=159) and an unsuccessful group (n=253). The status of the environment support, community tobacco exposure, and social support were compared between groups. A structural equation model (SEM) was established for Confirmatory Factor Analysis. RESULTS The univariate analysis showed that there were differences in smoking cessation outcomes among smokers with different home tobacco regulations, workplace tobacco regulations and number of smokers in the family. Differences in 6-month smoking reduction were also found with different promotion levels of anti-tobacco messaging and the frequency of smoking events at home. The logistic regression analysis indicated that home tobacco regulations (OR=1.30; 95% CI: 1.00-1.69), workplace tobacco regulations (OR=1.27; 95% CI: 1.05- 1.54), and frequency of smoking events at home (OR=1.15; 95% CI: 1.02-1.29), were associated with smoking cessation. The results of the SEM showed that environment support (β=0.39; 95% CI: 0.05-0.73, p=0.026) and social support (β=0.37; 95% CI: 0.05-0.68, p=0.022) had influence on smoking cessation. CONCLUSIONS Environment support and social support are related to smoking cessation. Attention should be paid to the smoking regulations at home and workplace, anti-tobacco messaging, and social support by the family. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered on the official website of the China Clinical Trial Registration Center. Identifier: ChiCTR1900024991.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Gu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingming Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingting Qin
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Qiao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyuan Bai
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yutong Yang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Bai
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Booras A, Wiener RS, Maccarone J, Stokes AC, Fetterman JL, Hamburg NM, Singh J, Bulekova K, Kathuria H. A Longitudinal Study of Perceptions of the Massachusetts Menthol Ban and Its Impact on Smoking Behaviors among Marginalized Individuals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5790. [PMID: 37239518 PMCID: PMC10218059 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20105790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Menthol cigarettes have had a profound adverse effect on public health. On 1 June 2020, Massachusetts became the first state to ban the sale of menthol cigarettes. We explored how perceptions of the ban and smoking behaviors changed over time among a group of 27 individuals who smoked menthol cigarettes at our safety-net hospital. In a convergent mixed methods study, we administered questionnaires and interviews simultaneously at two timepoints: 1 month pre-ban and 6 months post-ban. Pre-ban, we assessed perceptions of the ban and anticipated smoking behaviors after the ban. Post-ban, we assessed participants' actual smoking behaviors and elicited suggestions to avoid unintended consequences that might undermine intended policy effects. Several respondents perceived the Massachusetts ban as positive because it could promote smoking cessation, prevent youth initiation, and mitigate unfair targeting of socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Others perceived the ban as an overreach of government policy, financially motivated, and unfairly targeting the Black community. Many continued to smoke menthol cigarettes obtained outside Massachusetts. Individuals suggested promoting tobacco treatment for people affected by the ban and a national ban to circumvent out-of-state purchasing of menthol cigarettes. Our findings suggest that in order to be most effective, healthcare systems must promote tobacco treatment and ensure that treatment is accessible to all individuals affected by the ban.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Booras
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Renda Soylemez Wiener
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, MA 02118, USA
- Center for Healthcare Organization & Implementation Research, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- National Center for Lung Cancer Screening, Veterans Health Administration, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Jennifer Maccarone
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Andrew C. Stokes
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jessica L. Fetterman
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Naomi M. Hamburg
- Evans Department of Medicine and Whitaker Cardiovascular Institute, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Johar Singh
- Research Computing Services, Information Services & Technology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Katia Bulekova
- Research Computing Services, Information Services & Technology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hasmeena Kathuria
- The Pulmonary Center, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine (BUSM), Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Byron MJ, Enyioha C, Goldstein AO. The Role of Communication Research to Support Policy Change: The US Menthol Ban. Nicotine Tob Res 2023; 25:841-843. [PMID: 36321785 PMCID: PMC10032179 DOI: 10.1093/ntr/ntac249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Justin Byron
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chineme Enyioha
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Adam O Goldstein
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Sawyer AN, Combs M, Clark V, Soule EK, Lee JGL, Breland AB. Reactions to a Hypothetical Menthol Cigarette Ban among Sexual- and Gender-Minoritized Communities: A Concept Mapping Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3891. [PMID: 36900905 PMCID: PMC10001923 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20053891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Menthol cigarette use is disproportionately higher among sexual- and gender-minoritized (SGM; 36%) individuals compared to cisgender, heterosexual (29%), individuals. The FDA has announced intentions to ban menthol in cigarettes, citing these use and health disparities as partial motivation. This study identified potential outcomes of a menthol cigarette ban among SGM individuals who smoke menthol cigarettes (N = 72). Potential outcomes were identified via concept mapping using the prompt: "If menthol in cigarettes was banned, a specific action I would take related to my tobacco use is…" Participants generated 82 response statements, sorted them, and rated them on personal relevance. Eight thematic clusters were identified: (1) Thoughtful Consideration of the Ban, (2) Negative Reactions to the Ban, (3) Positive Aspects of the Ban, (4) Strategies to Reduce Cravings, (5) Intent to Quit and Cessation Strategies, (6) Support-Seeking and Engagement in Positive Behaviors, (7) Strategies to Maintain Menthol-Flavored Product Use, and (8) Substance Use Alternatives to Menthol Cigarettes. Cluster differences based on sociodemographic factors, smoking behavior, and quitting interest were identified. Results provide insight into potential responses to a menthol cigarette ban and can contribute to public health prevention and intervention efforts, messaging campaigns, and support services for SGM people who smoke menthol cigarettes, specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlee N. Sawyer
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Madison Combs
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Viktor Clark
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
| | - Eric K. Soule
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Joseph G. L. Lee
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, College of Health and Human Performance, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Alison B. Breland
- Center for the Study of Tobacco Products, Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23220, USA
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Brown JL, Neptune E. Role of Menthol and Other Flavors on Tobacco and Nicotine Product Use. Respir Med 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-24914-3_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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