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Adzrago D, Sulley S, Williams F. Immigration status-related exclusive e-cigarette use and cannabis use and their dual use disparities associated with mental health disorder symptoms. Drug Alcohol Depend 2024; 255:111083. [PMID: 38215510 PMCID: PMC10866552 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION E-cigarette and cannabis use has been linked to various health risks, including respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. Yet, extant knowledge about the risk factors for exclusive and dual use of e-cigarettes and cannabis is limited, especially among immigrants. We examined exclusive e-cigarette and cannabis use and their dual use associated with mental health disorders among immigrants and U.S.-born. METHODS We analyzed national cross-sectional data collected between May 13, 2021, and January 9, 2022, among adults aged >18 years (n= 4766) living in U.S. Multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to model the associations of exclusivity and dual-use (reference group= non-use) with anxiety/depression. RESULTS The dual-use prevalence was higher than exclusive e-cigarette and cannabis use, especially among U.S.-born (dual use= 14.79% vs. cannabis use= 13.53% vs. e-cigarette use= 7.11%) compared to immigrants (dual use= 8.23% vs. cannabis use= 5.03% vs. e-cigarette use= 6.31%). Immigrants had lower risks of exclusive cannabis and dual use compared to U.S.-born. Anxiety/depression was associated with higher risks of exclusive cannabis use and dual use across immigration status, but was associated with exclusive e-cigarette use among only immigrants. While effect sizes of dual-use associated with anxiety/depression were higher among U.S.-born, the effect sizes of exclusive e-cigarette and cannabis use associated with anxiety/depression were higher among immigrants. CONCLUSIONS The findings revealed significant mental health risks for e-cigarette, cannabis, and their dual use among immigrants and U.S.-born, especially among U.S.-born. These findings highlight the need for public health research and interventions to consider immigration status-related disparities in substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Adzrago
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Saanie Sulley
- National Healthy Start Association, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Faustine Williams
- Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Rabinowitz JA, Reboussin BA, Sosnowski DW, Kuo SIC, Strickland JC, García-Marín LM, Rentería ME, Gillespie N, Maher B, Ialongo NS, Thorpe RJ, Uhl G. Associations of polygenic risk scores for smoking heaviness and lifetime cannabis use with tobacco and cannabis co-use trajectories among African Americans. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 250:110895. [PMID: 37517263 PMCID: PMC10495192 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.110895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to identify distinct trajectories of tobacco, cannabis, and their co-use among African Americans, and to investigate whether these patterns were associated with polygenic risk scores (PRS) for tobacco and cannabis use. METHOD Participants (N=428 participants; 50.9% male) were initially recruited for an elementary school-based prevention in a Mid-Atlantic city when they were in first grade. From ages 14-26, participants reported on their frequency of tobacco and cannabis use in the past year during annual assessments. DNA was collected from participants at age 21. PRS for smoking heaviness (i.e., cigarettes per day) and lifetime cannabis use were created based on genome-wide association study results derived from Liu et al. (2019) and Pasman et al. (2018), respectively. RESULTS We identified five distinct trajectories of tobacco and cannabis co-use, including (1) Low Tobacco and Cannabis Use, (2) Adolescent Limited Tobacco and Cannabis Use, (3) Experimental Cannabis, Young Adult Increasing Tobacco, (4) Experimental Tobacco, Young Adult Increasing Cannabis, and (5) High, Chronic Tobacco and Cannabis Use. Compared to the Low Tobacco and Cannabis Use subgroup, individuals in the High, Chronic Tobacco and Cannabis Use subgroup had greater PRS for smoking heaviness, and individuals in the Experimental Cannabis, Young Adult Increasing Tobacco subgroup had higher PRS for lifetime cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS Polygenic risk for lifetime cannabis use and smoking heaviness is associated with the developmental progression of tobacco and cannabis co-use among African Americans, furthering knowledge on the etiology of co-use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Rabinowitz
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Beth A Reboussin
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - David W Sosnowski
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sally I-Chun Kuo
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Justin C Strickland
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Services, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Luis M García-Marín
- Mental Health and Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland4012, Australia
| | - Miguel E Rentería
- Mental Health and Neuroscience Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland4006, Australia; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland4012, Australia
| | - Nathan Gillespie
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Brion Maher
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nicholas S Ialongo
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roland J Thorpe
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Services, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - George Uhl
- New Mexico VA Health Care SystemAlbuquerque, NMUSA
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