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Ghafouri Azar M, Wiesnerova L, Dvorakova J, Chocholata P, Moztarzadeh O, Dejmek J, Babuska V. Optimizing PCL/PLGA Scaffold Biocompatibility Using Gelatin from Bovine, Porcine, and Fish Origin. Gels 2023; 9:900. [PMID: 37998990 PMCID: PMC10670940 DOI: 10.3390/gels9110900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This research introduces a novel approach by incorporating various types of gelatins, including bovine, porcine, and fish skin, into polycaprolactone and poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) using a solvent casting method. The films are evaluated for morphology, mechanical properties, thermal stability, biodegradability, hemocompatibility, cell adhesion, proliferation, and cytotoxicity. The results show that the incorporation of gelatins into the films alters their mechanical properties, with a decrease in tensile strength but an increase in elongation at break. This indicates that the films become more flexible with the addition of gelatin. Gelatin incorporation has a limited effect on the thermal stability of the films. The composites with the gelatin show higher biodegradability with the highest weight loss in the case of fish gelatin. The films exhibit high hemocompatibility with minimal hemolysis observed. The gelatin has a dynamic effect on cell behavior and promotes long-term cell proliferation. In addition, all composite films reveal exceptionally low levels of cytotoxicity. The combination of the evaluated parameters shows the appropriate level of biocompatibility for gelatin-based samples. These findings provide valuable insights for future studies involving gelatin incorporation in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Ghafouri Azar
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic; (M.G.A.); (L.W.); (J.D.); (P.C.)
| | - Lucie Wiesnerova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic; (M.G.A.); (L.W.); (J.D.); (P.C.)
| | - Jana Dvorakova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic; (M.G.A.); (L.W.); (J.D.); (P.C.)
| | - Petra Chocholata
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic; (M.G.A.); (L.W.); (J.D.); (P.C.)
| | - Omid Moztarzadeh
- Department of Stomatology, University Hospital Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 80, 304 60 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
| | - Jiri Dejmek
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
| | - Vaclav Babuska
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, alej Svobody 76, 323 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic; (M.G.A.); (L.W.); (J.D.); (P.C.)
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2
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Liu B, Wu J, Sun X, Meng Q, Zhang J. Sustained delivery of osteogenic growth peptide through injectable photoinitiated composite hydrogel for osteogenesis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1228250. [PMID: 37614629 PMCID: PMC10444198 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1228250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most challenging clinical issues continues to be the effective bone regeneration and rebuilding following bone abnormalities. Although osteogenic growth peptide (OGP) has been proven to be effective in promoting osteoblast activity, its clinical application is constrained by abrupt release and easily degradation. We developed a GelMA/HAMA dual network hydrogel loaded with OGP based on a combination of physical chain entanglement and chemical cross-linking effects to produce an efficient long-term sustained release of OGP. The hydrogel polymers were quickly molded under ultraviolet (UV) light and had the suitable physical characteristics, porosity structure and biocompatibility. Significantly, the GelMA/HAMA-OGP hydrogel could promote cell proliferation, adhesion, increase osteogenic-related gene and protein expression in vitro. In conclusion, the OGP sustained-release system based on GelMA/HAMA dual network hydrogel offers a fresh perspective on bone regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiannan Wu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaodi Sun
- Department of Oral Implantology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingxun Meng
- Department of Oral Implantology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
- Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Function Reconstruction, Tianjin, China
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3
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Jin Y, Li S, Yu Q, Chen T, Liu D. Application of stem cells in regeneration medicine. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e291. [PMID: 37337579 PMCID: PMC10276889 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Regeneration is a complex process affected by many elements independent or combined, including inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Stem cells is a class of primitive cells with the potentiality of differentiation, regenerate with self-replication, multidirectional differentiation, and immunomodulatory functions. Stem cells and their cytokines not only inextricably linked to the regeneration of ectodermal and skin tissues, but also can be used for the treatment of a variety of chronic wounds. Stem cells can produce exosomes in a paracrine manner. Stem cell exosomes play an important role in tissue regeneration, repair, and accelerated wound healing, the biological properties of which are similar with stem cells, while stem cell exosomes are safer and more effective. Skin and bone tissues are critical organs in the body, which are essential for sustaining life activities. The weak repairing ability leads a pronounced impact on the quality of life of patients, which could be alleviated by stem cell exosomes treatment. However, there are obstacles that stem cells and stem cells exosomes trough skin for improved bioavailability. This paper summarizes the applications and mechanisms of stem cells and stem cells exosomes for skin and bone healing. We also propose new ways of utilizing stem cells and their exosomes through different nanoformulations, liposomes and nanoliposomes, polymer micelles, microspheres, hydrogels, and scaffold microneedles, to improve their use in tissue healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Shuangyang Li
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Qixuan Yu
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Tianli Chen
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
| | - Da Liu
- School of PharmacyChangchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina
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4
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Ilhan M, Kilicarslan M, Alcigir ME, Bagis N, Ekim O, Orhan K. Clindamycin phosphate and bone morphogenetic protein-7 loaded combined nanoparticle-graft and nanoparticle-film formulations for alveolar bone regeneration - An in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Int J Pharm 2023; 636:122826. [PMID: 36918117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Commonly utilized techniques for healing alveolar bone destruction such as the use of growth factors, suffering from short half-life, application difficulties, and the ability to achieve bioactivity only in the presence of high doses of growth factor. The sustained release of growth factors through a scaffold-based delivery system offers a promising and innovative tool in dentistry. Furthermore, it is suggested to guide the host response by using antimicrobials together with growth factors to prevent recovery and achieve ideal regeneration. Herein, the aim was to prepare and an in vitro - in vivo evaluation of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7) and clindamycin phosphate (CDP) loaded polymeric nanoparticles, and their loading into the alginate-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex film or alloplastic graft to accelerate hard tissue regeneration. PLGA nanoparticles containing CDP and BMP-7, separately or together, were prepared using the double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Through in vitro assays, it was revealed that spherical particles were homogeneously distributed in the combination formulations, and sustained release could be achieved for >12 weeks with all formulations. Also, results from the micro-CT and histopathological analyses indicated that CDP and BMP-7 loaded nanoparticle-film formulations were more effective in treatment than the nanoparticle loaded grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miray Ilhan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06560 Ankara, Türkiye; Duzce University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 81620 Duzce, Türkiye.
| | - Muge Kilicarslan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06560 Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Mehmet Eray Alcigir
- Kirikkale University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pathology, 71450 Kirikkale, Türkiye.
| | - Nilsun Bagis
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, 06560 Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Okan Ekim
- Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy, 06110 Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 06560 Ankara, Türkiye.
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5
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Encapsulation of bioactive compounds using competitive emerging techniques: Electrospraying, nano spray drying, and electrostatic spray drying. J FOOD ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2022.111260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Kaptan Y, Güvenilir Y. Polycaprolactone/epoxide-functionalized silica composite microparticles for long-term controlled release of trans-chalcone. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng-2021-0343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, controlled release of trans-chalcone was achieved by using a polycaprolactone-based hybrid system as the drug carrier material. Encapsulation efficiency was obtained in the range of 70–75% for various formulations and in vitro release studies, conducted at 37 °C and pH 7.4, revealed slow profile reaching 60% cumulative release. As interpreted from kinetic modelling, drug release was controlled mainly by Fickian diffusion; polymer erosion did not contribute to the TC release. Difference in drug loading efficiencies of the hybrid and neat PCL microparticles was observed such that PCL microparticles had lower loading efficiency than the hybrid microparticles whereas the release profiles were similar. pH of the release medium had affected release profiles; acidic medium enhanced drug release. Characterization of the microparticles were realized by FT-IR, TGA, DSC, SEM and WCA which revealed key properties such as molecular dispersion state and hydrophilicity. With the results obtained, we concluded that our hybrid system has a significant potential for long term release of trans-chalcone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Kaptan
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Istanbul Technical University , İstanbul 34469 , Turkey
| | - Yüksel Güvenilir
- Department of Chemical Engineering , Istanbul Technical University , İstanbul 34469 , Turkey
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7
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Kaptan Y, Güvenilir Y. Enzymatic PCL-grafting to NH 2-end grouped silica and development of microspheres for pH-stimulated release of a hydrophobic model drug. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 181:60-78. [PMID: 36347484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This study set out to evaluate novel PCL-based silica containing nanohybrids as the polymer matrix in a hydrophobic drug-loaded microsphere system. Nanohybrids were synthesized by PCL-grafting to NH2-end grouped silica by in situ enzymatic ring opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Molecular weight and monomer conversion, PCL grafting percentage, thermal properties and crystallinity of the nanohybrids were determined by 1H NMR, TGA, DSC and XRD. Synthesized nanohybrids had low crystallinity percentage (32 and 39 %) and molecular weight (4800 and 8700 g/mol), promising for controlled drug release applications. The nanohybrids were used for fabrication of trans-chalcone-loaded microspheres by O/W single emulsion solvent evaporation. Mean particle diameter of the microspheres were between 15 and 30 µm. The result of release studies showed that optimum microsphere formulations (AP4 and A2, respectively) had 61 and 64 % encapsulation efficiency. One of the more significant findings to emerge from this investigation is that TC release was extended to 16 and 37 days, in a controlled manner. TC release was significantly enhanced in acidic pH media (pH 3.6 and 5.6) indicating pH-dependent release from nanohybrid microspheres; releasing 80-100 % of the loaded drug in 4-14 days. Drug/polymer interactions and molecular structures were investigated by FT-IR spectroscopy and DSC analysis. According to the results obtained, enzymatically synthesized nanohybrids have potential for pH-dependent release of the model drug, trans-chalcone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Kaptan
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak-Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Yüksel Güvenilir
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak-Istanbul, Turkey
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8
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Pérez-Díaz MA, Alvarado-Gómez E, Martínez-Pardo ME, José Yacamán M, Flores-Santos A, Sánchez-Sánchez R, Martínez-Gutiérrez F, Bach H. Development of Radiosterilized Porcine Skin Electrosprayed with Silver Nanoparticles Prevents Infections in Deep Burns. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13910. [PMID: 36430385 PMCID: PMC9698029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive burns represent a significant challenge in biomedicine due to the multiple systemic and localized complications resulting from the major skin barrier loss. The functionalization of xenografts with nanostructured antibacterial agents proposes a fast and accessible application to restore barrier function and prevent localized bacterial contamination. Based on this, the objective of this work was to functionalize a xenograft by electrospray deposition with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and to evaluate its antibiofilm and cytotoxic effects on human fibroblasts. Initially, AgNPs were synthesized by a green microwave route with sizes of 2.1, 6.8, and 12.2 nm and concentrations of 0.055, 0.167, and 0.500 M, respectively. The AgNPs showed a size relationship directly proportional to the concentration of AgNO3, with a spherical and homogeneous distribution determined by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The surface functionalization of radiosterilized porcine skin (RPS) via electrospray deposition with the three AgNP concentrations (0.055, 0.167, and 0.500 M) in the epidermis and the dermis showed a uniform distribution on both surfaces by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The antibiofilm assays of clinical multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed significant effects at the concentrations of 0.167 and 0.500 M, with a log reduction of 1.3 and 2.6, respectively. Additionally, viability experiments with human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) exposed to AgNPs released from functionalized porcine skin showed favorable tolerance, with retention of viability more significant than 90% for concentrations of 0.05 and 0.167 M after 24 h exposure. Antibacterial activity combined with excellent biocompatibility makes this biomaterial a candidate for antibacterial protection by inhibiting bacterial biofilms in deep burns during early stages of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Pérez-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Calzada México Xochimilco No. 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Alvarado-Gómez
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - María Esther Martínez-Pardo
- Banco de Tejidos Radioesterilizados, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (BTR-ININ), Carretera México-Toluca S/N La Marquesa, Ocoyoacac 52750, Mexico
| | - Miguel José Yacamán
- Applied Physics and Materials Science Department, Core Faculty Center for Materials Interfaces in Research and Applications (MIRA), Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Andrés Flores-Santos
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra (INR-LGII), Calzada México Xochimilco No. 289, Colonia Arenal de Guadalupe, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14389, Mexico
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Departamento de Bioingeniería, Instituto Tecnologico de Monterrey, C. Puente No. 222, Colonia Arboledas Sur, Tlalpan, Ciudad de México 14380, Mexico
| | - Fidel Martínez-Gutiérrez
- Laboratorio de Antimicrobianos, Biopelículas y Microbiota, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava No. 6, Zona Universitaria, San Luis Potosí 78210, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Sierra Leona No. 550, Lomas, San Luis Potosí 28210, Mexico
| | - Horacio Bach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
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Abdali Z, Aminzare M, Chow A, Dorval Courchesne NM. Bacterial collagen-templated synthesis and assembly of inorganic particles. Biomed Mater 2022; 18. [PMID: 36301706 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac9d7b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Collagen has been used as a common template for mineralization and assembly of inorganic particles, because of the special arrangement of its fibrils and the presence of charged residues. Streptococcal bacterial collagen, which is inherently secreted on the surface ofStreptococcus pyogenes, has been progressively used as an alternative for type I animal collagen. Bacterial collagen is rich in charged amino acids, which can act as a substrate for the nucleation and growth of inorganic particles. Here, we show that bacterial collagen can be used to nucleate three different inorganic materials: hydroxyapatite crystals, silver nanoparticles, and silica nanoparticles. Collagen/mineral composites show an even distribution of inorganic particles along the collagen fibers, and the particles have a more homogenous size compared with minerals that are formed in the absence of the collagen scaffold. Furthermore, the gelation of silica occurring during mineralization represents a means to produce processable self-standing collagen composites, which is challenging to achieve with bacterial collagen alone. Overall, we highlight the advantage of simply combining bacterial collagen with minerals to expand their applications in the fields of biomaterials and tissue engineering, especially for bone regenerative scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Abdali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Masoud Aminzare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amy Chow
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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10
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Winarso R, Anggoro P, Ismail R, Jamari J, Bayuseno A. Application of fused deposition modeling (FDM) on bone scaffold manufacturing process: A review. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Peixoto FB, Raimundini Aranha AC, Nardino DA, Defendi RO, Suzuki RM. Extraction and encapsulation of bioactive compounds: A review. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Barroso Peixoto
- Chemical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEQ‐AP) Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR) Apucarana Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Oliveira Defendi
- Chemical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEQ‐AP) Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR) Apucarana Brazil
| | - Rúbia Michele Suzuki
- Chemical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEQ‐AP) Federal Technological University of Paraná (UTFPR) Apucarana Brazil
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Kwiecień K, Pudełko I, Knap K, Reczyńska-Kolman K, Krok-Borkowicz M, Ochońska D, Brzychczy-Włoch M, Pamuła E. Insight in Superiority of the Hydrophobized Gentamycin in Terms of Antibiotics Delivery to Bone Tissue. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012077. [PMID: 36292955 PMCID: PMC9603325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone infections are a serious problem to cure, as systemic administration of antibiotics is not very effective due to poor bone vascularization. Therefore, many drug delivery systems are investigated to solve this problem. One of the potential solutions is the delivery of antibiotics from poly(L-actide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles suspended in the gellan gum injectable hydrogel. However, the loading capacity and release kinetics of the system based on hydrophilic drugs (e.g., gentamycin) and hydrophobic polymers (e.g., PLGA) may not always be satisfying. To solve this problem, we decided to use hydrophobized gentamycin obtained by ion-pairing with dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt (AOT). Herein, we present a comparison of the PLGA nanoparticles loaded with hydrophobic or hydrophilic gentamycin and suspended in the hydrogel in terms of physicochemical properties, drug loading capacity, release profiles, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial properties. The results showed that hydrophobic gentamycin may be combined in different formulations with the hydrophilic one and is superior in terms of encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, release, and antibacterial efficacy with no negative effect on the NPs morphology or hydrogel features. However, the cytocompatibility of hydrophobic gentamycin might be lower, consequently more extensive study on its biological properties should be provided to evaluate a safe dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Kwiecień
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (E.P.)
| | - Iwona Pudełko
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Knap
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Reczyńska-Kolman
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Krok-Borkowicz
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Ochońska
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta Street, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Brzychczy-Włoch
- Department of Molecular Medical Microbiology, Chair of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 18 Czysta Street, 31-121 Kraków, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pamuła
- Department of Biomaterials and Composites, Faculty of Materials Science and Ceramics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (E.P.)
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Vélez-Peña E, Morales R, Reyes-Escobar C, Torres CC, Avello M, Marrugo KP, Manzo-Merino J, Alderete JB, Campos CH. Mesoporous mixed oxides prepared by hard template methodology as novel drug delivery carriers for methotrexate. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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BMP-2 Enhances Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose-Derived and Dental Pulp Stem Cells in 2D and 3D In Vitro Models. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:4910399. [PMID: 35283997 PMCID: PMC8916887 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4910399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue provides support and protection to different organs and tissues. Aging and different diseases can cause a decrease in the rate of bone regeneration or incomplete healing; thus, tissue-engineered substitutes can be an acceptable alternative to traditional therapies. In the present work, we have developed an in vitro osteogenic differentiation model based on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), to first analyse the influence of the culture media and the origin of the cells on the efficiency of this process and secondly to extrapolate it to a 3D environment to evaluate its possible application in bone regeneration therapies. Two osteogenic culture media were used (one commercial from Stemcell Technologies and a second supplemented with dexamethasone, ascorbic acid, glycerol-2-phosphate, and BMP-2), with human cells of a mesenchymal phenotype from two different origins: adipose tissue (hADSCs) and dental pulp (hDPSCs). The expression of osteogenic markers in 2D cultures was evaluated in several culture periods by means of the immunofluorescence technique and real-time gene expression analysis, taking as reference MG-63 cells of osteogenic origin. The same strategy was extrapolated to a 3D environment of polylactic acid (PLA), with a 3% alginate hydrogel. The expression of osteogenic markers was detected in both hADSCs and hDPSCs, cultured in either 2D or 3D environments. However, the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs was obtained based on the culture medium and the cell origin used, since higher osteogenic marker levels were found when hADSCs were cultured with medium supplemented with BMP-2. Furthermore, the 3D culture used was suitable for cell survival and osteogenic induction.
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Liao S, Meng H, Zhao J, Lin W, Liu X, Tian Z, Lan L, Yang H, Zou Y, Xu Y, Gao X, Lu S, Peng J. Injectable adipose-derived stem cells-embedded alginate-gelatin microspheres prepared by electrospray for cartilage tissue regeneration. J Orthop Translat 2022; 33:174-185. [PMID: 35495963 PMCID: PMC9018217 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To prepare adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs)-embedded alginate-gelatinemicrospheres (Alg-Gel-ADSCs MSs) by electrospray and evaluate their feasibility for cartilage tissue engineering. To observe the efficacy of Alg-Gel-ADSCs MSs in repairing articular cartilage defects in SD rats. Methods ADSCs were isolated and characterized by performing induced differentiation and flow cytometry assays. Alginate-gelatine microspheres with different gelatine concentrations were manufactured by electrospraying, and the appropriate alginate-gelatine concentration and ratio were determined by evaluating microsphere formation. Alg-Gel-ADSCs MSs were compared with Alg-ADSCs MSs through the induction of chondrogenic differentiation and culture. Their feasibility for cartilage tissue engineering was analysed by performing Live/Dead staining, cell proliferation analysis, toluidine blue staining and a glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content analysis. Alg-Gel-ADSCs MSs were implanted in the cartilage defects of SD rats, and the cartilage repair effect was evaluated at different time points. The evaluation included gross observations and histological evaluations, fluorescence imaging tracking, immunohistochemical staining, microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) and a CatWalk evaluation. Results The isolated ADSCs showed multidirectional differentiation and were used for cartilage tissue engineering. Using 1.5 w:v% alginate and 0.5 w:v% gelatine (Type B), we successfully prepared nearly spherical microspheres. Compared with alginate microspheres, alginate gel increased the viability of ADSCs and promoted the proliferation and chondrogenesis of ADSCs. In our experiments on knee cartilage defects in SD rats in vivo, the Alg-Gel-ADSCs MSs showed superior cartilage repair in cell resides, histology evaluation, micro-CT imaging and gait analysis. Conclusions Microspheres composed of 1.5 w:v% alginate-0.5 w:v% gelatine increase the viability of ADSCs and supported their proliferation and deposition of cartilage matrix components. ADSCs embedded in 1.5 w:v% alginate-0.5 w:v% gelatine microspheres show superior repair efficacy and prospective applications in cartilage tissue repair. The translational potential of this article In this study, injectable adipose-derived stem cells-embedded alginate-gelatin microspheres (Alg-Gel-ADSCs MSs) were prepared by the electrospray . Compared with the traditional alginate microspheres, its support ability for ADSCs is better and shows a better repair effect. This study provides a promising strategy for cartilage tissue regeneration.
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Huang J, Liu F, Su H, Xiong J, Yang L, Xia J, Liang Y. Advanced Nanocomposite Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Gels 2022; 8:gels8020138. [PMID: 35200519 PMCID: PMC8871651 DOI: 10.3390/gels8020138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering is becoming an effective strategy for repairing cartilage damage. Synthesized nanocomposite hydrogels mimic the structure of natural cartilage extracellular matrices (ECMs), are biocompatible, and exhibit nano–bio effects in response to external stimuli. These inherent characteristics make nanocomposite hydrogels promising scaffold materials for cartilage tissue engineering. This review summarizes the advances made in the field of nanocomposite hydrogels for artificial cartilage. We discuss, in detail, their preparation methods and scope of application. The challenges involved for the application of hydrogel nanocomposites for cartilage repair are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianghong Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center), Shenzhen 518035, China; (J.H.); (J.X.); (L.Y.)
- Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX 77807, USA;
| | - Haijing Su
- Technology R&D Department, Shenzhen Lechuang Medical Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518129, China;
| | - Jianyi Xiong
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center), Shenzhen 518035, China; (J.H.); (J.X.); (L.Y.)
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Spine Surgery and Orthopedics, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center), Shenzhen 518035, China; (J.H.); (J.X.); (L.Y.)
| | - Jiang Xia
- Department of Chemistry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Yujie Liang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen 518020, China
- Correspondence:
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Ma S, Wu J, Hu H, Mu Y, Zhang L, Zhao Y, Bian X, Jing W, Wei P, Zhao B, Deng J, Liu Z. Novel fusion peptides deliver exosomes to modify injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogels for bone regeneration. Mater Today Bio 2022; 13:100195. [PMID: 35024598 PMCID: PMC8724941 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2021.100195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Injectable thermo-sensitive hydrogels composed of small intestinal submucosa (SIS) with exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are desired for bone regeneration. However, poor mechanical properties limit the clinical application of SIS hydrogels. Herein, the mechanical properties of SIS hydrogels incorporated with 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) propionic acid (CA) are assessed. The results show that the mechanical properties of SIS hydrogels are improved. In addition, the retention and stability of exosomes over time at the defect site are also challenges. Fusion peptides are designed by connecting collagen-binding domines (CBDs) of collagen type I/III with exosomal capture peptides CP05 (CRHSQMTVTSRL) directly or via rigid linkers (EAAAK). In vitro experiments demonstrate that fusion peptides are contribute to promoting the positive effect of exosomes on osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Meanwhile, the results of hydrogels combining exosomes and fusion peptides in the treatment of rat skull defect models reveal that fusion peptides could enhance the retention and stability of exosomes, thereby strengthen the therapeutic effect for skull defects. Therefore, SIS hydrogels with CA modified by fusion peptides and exosomes appear to be a promising strategy in bone regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Ma
- Department of Stomotology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, 23 Pingjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jinzhe Wu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Han Hu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yuzhu Mu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yifan Zhao
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xiaowei Bian
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Wei Jing
- Beijing Biosis Healing Biological Technology Co., Ltd., No. 6 Plant West, Valley No. 1 Bio-medicine Industry Park, Beijing, 102600, China
- Foshan (Southern China) Institute for New Materials, Foshan, 528220, China
| | - Pengfei Wei
- Beijing Biosis Healing Biological Technology Co., Ltd., No. 6 Plant West, Valley No. 1 Bio-medicine Industry Park, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Beijing Biosis Healing Biological Technology Co., Ltd., No. 6 Plant West, Valley No. 1 Bio-medicine Industry Park, Beijing, 102600, China
| | - Jiayin Deng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zihao Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, 12 Observatory Road, Tianjin, 300070, China
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Shaw GS, Samavedi S. Potent Particle-Based Vehicles for Growth Factor Delivery from Electrospun Meshes: Fabrication and Functionalization Strategies for Effective Tissue Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 8:1-15. [PMID: 34958569 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Functionalization of electrospun meshes with growth factors (GFs) is a common strategy for guiding specific cell responses in tissue engineering. GFs can exert their intended biological effects only when they retain their bioactivity and can be subsequently delivered in a temporally controlled manner. However, adverse processing conditions encountered in electrospinning can potentially disrupt GFs and diminish their biological efficacy. Further, meshes prepared using conventional approaches often promote an initial burst and rely solely on intrinsic fiber properties to provide extended release. Sequential delivery of multiple GFs─a strategy that mimics the natural tissue repair cascade─is also not easily achievable with traditional fabrication techniques. These limitations have hindered the effective use and translation of mesh-based strategies for tissue repair. An attractive alternative is the use of carrier vehicles (e.g., nanoparticles, microspheres) for GF incorporation into meshes. This review presents advances in the development of particle-integrated electrospun composites for safe and effective delivery of GFs. Compared to traditional approaches, we reveal how particles can protect GF activity, permit the incorporation of multiple GFs, decouple release from fiber properties, help achieve spatiotemporal control over delivery, enhance surface bioactivity, exert independent biological effects, and augment matrix mechanics. In presenting innovations in GF functionalization and composite engineering strategies, we also discuss specific in vitro and in vivo biological effects and their implications for diverse tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gauri Shankar Shaw
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, NH 65, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Satyavrata Samavedi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, NH 65, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
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Rahvar M, Ahmadi Lakalayeh G, Nazeri N, Marouf BT, Shirzad M, Najafi T Shabankareh A, Ghanbari H. Assessment of structural, biological and drug release properties of electro-sprayed poly lactic acid-dexamethasone coating for biomedical applications. Biomed Eng Lett 2021; 11:393-406. [PMID: 34616584 DOI: 10.1007/s13534-021-00205-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The efficacy of an implant is highly depends on its coating characteristics mainly determined by polymer properties and coating technique. Electro-spraying is an inexpensive and versatile coating technique with various advantages for biomedical application. In this study, the efficacy of electro-sprayed (ES) poly lactic acid (PLA)-dexamethasone (DEX) coatings for medical implants was evaluated and compared with spin-coated samples as control. Structural properties of coatings were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Confocal and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurement and nanoindentation tests were used to study surface properties. Coating degradation rate and drug release profile were studied for 40 days. Cell viability experiments were also performed on human endothelial (HUVEC) and smooth muscle cells (HUASMC) using MTT assay and SEM. XRD and DSC analysis showed electro-spraying significantly reduce PLA and DEX crystallinity. Surface studies showed ES coatings has significantly higher hydrophobicity and roughness with microbead-nanofiber morphology vs. micro-nanoporous structure of spin-coated samples. Initial burst release of DEX was 22% and 10% after 6 h and total release was 71% and 46% after 40 days for ES and spin-coated samples, respectively. HUVEC viability of ES samples was higher than spin-coated ones after 1 and 4 days. However, dexamethasone release profile reduced HUASMC proliferation in ES PLA-DEX samples in comparison to spin-coated after 1 and 3 days. In conclusion, in vitro results showed potential of ES PLA-DEX as a biocompatible and efficient anti-inflammatory coating with suitable drug release profile for future applications such as coronary drug eluting stents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Rahvar
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Italia Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Ahmadi Lakalayeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Italia Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niloofar Nazeri
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Italia Street, Tehran, Iran.,Research Institute for Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Bahereh T Marouf
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Shirzad
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azar Najafi T Shabankareh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Italia Street, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Ghanbari
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Italia Street, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Malik S, Subramanian S, Hussain T, Nazir A, Ramakrishna S. Electrosprayed Nanoparticles as Drug Delivery systems for Biomedical Applications. Curr Pharm Des 2021; 28:368-379. [PMID: 34587881 DOI: 10.2174/1381612827666210929114621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nanotechnology is a tool being used intensely in the area of drug delivery systems in the biomedical field. Electrospraying is one of the nanotechnological methods, which is growing due to its importance in the development of nanoparticles comprising bioactive compounds. It is helpful in improving the efficacy, reducing side effects of active drug elements, and is useful in targeted drug delivery. When compared to other conventional methods like nanoprecipitation, emulsion diffusion, and double emulsification, electrospraying offers better advantages to produce micro/nanoparticles due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and single-step process. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to highlight the use of electrosprayed nanoparticles for biomedical applications. METHODS We conducted a literature review on the usage of natural and synthetic materials to produce nanoparticles, which can be used as a drug delivery system for medical purposes. RESULTS We summarized a possible key role of electrosprayed nanoparticles in different therapeutic applications (tissue regeneration, cancer). CONCLUSION The modest literature production denotes that further investigation is needed to assess and validate the promising role of drug-loaded nanoparticles through the electrospraying process as noninvasive materials in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sairish Malik
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group (EMPMRG), National Textile University, Sheikhupura road, 37610, Faisalabad . Pakistan
| | - Sundarrajan Subramanian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576 . Singapore
| | - Tanveer Hussain
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group (EMPMRG), National Textile University, Sheikhupura road, 37610, Faisalabad . Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Nazir
- Electrospun Materials & Polymeric Membranes Research Group (EMPMRG), National Textile University, Sheikhupura road, 37610, Faisalabad . Pakistan
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117576 . Singapore
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21
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Zhang Q, Xiao L, Xiao Y. Porous Nanomaterials Targeting Autophagy in Bone Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1572. [PMID: 34683866 PMCID: PMC8540591 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous nanomaterials (PNMs) are nanosized materials with specially designed porous structures that have been widely used in the bone tissue engineering field due to the fact of their excellent physical and chemical properties such as high porosity, high specific surface area, and ideal biodegradability. Currently, PNMs are mainly used in the following four aspects: (1) as an excellent cargo to deliver bone regenerative growth factors/drugs; (2) as a fluorescent material to trace cell differentiation and bone formation; (3) as a raw material to synthesize or modify tissue engineering scaffolds; (4) as a bio-active substance to regulate cell behavior. Recent advances in the interaction between nanomaterials and cells have revealed that autophagy, a cellular survival mechanism that regulates intracellular activity by degrading/recycling intracellular metabolites, providing energy/nutrients, clearing protein aggregates, destroying organelles, and destroying intracellular pathogens, is associated with the phagocytosis and clearance of nanomaterials as well as material-induced cell differentiation and stress. Autophagy regulates bone remodeling balance via directly participating in the differentiation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Moreover, autophagy can regulate bone regeneration by modulating immune cell response, thereby modulating the osteogenic microenvironment. Therefore, autophagy may serve as an effective target for nanomaterials to facilitate the bone regeneration process. Increasingly, studies have shown that PNMs can modulate autophagy to regulate bone regeneration in recent years. This paper summarizes the current advances on the main application of PNMs in bone regeneration, the critical role of autophagy in bone regeneration, and the mechanism of PNMs regulating bone regeneration by targeting autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China; (Q.Z.); (L.X.)
- Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lan Xiao
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China; (Q.Z.); (L.X.)
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Yin Xiao
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou 510182, China; (Q.Z.); (L.X.)
- Centre for Biomedical Technologies, School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- The Australia-China Centre for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine (ACCTERM), Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
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Ali A, Zaman A, Sayed E, Evans D, Morgan S, Samwell C, Hall J, Arshad MS, Singh N, Qutachi O, Chang MW, Ahmad Z. Electrohydrodynamic atomisation driven design and engineering of opportunistic particulate systems for applications in drug delivery, therapeutics and pharmaceutics. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113788. [PMID: 33957180 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Electrohydrodynamic atomisation (EHDA) technologies have evolved significantly over the past decade; branching into several established and emerging healthcare remits through timely advances in the engineering sciences and tailored conceptual process designs. More specifically for pharmaceutical and drug delivery spheres, electrospraying (ES) has presented itself as a high value technique enabling a plethora of different particulate structures. However, when coupled with novel formulations (e.g. co-flows) and innovative device aspects (e.g., materials and dimensions), core characteristics of particulates are manipulated and engineered specifically to deliver an application driven need, which is currently lacking, ranging from imaging and targeted delivery to controlled release and sensing. This demonstrates the holistic nature of these emerging technologies; which is often overlooked. Parametric driven control during particle engineering via the ES method yields opportunistic properties when compared to conventional methods, albeit at ambient conditions (e.g., temperature and pressure), making this extremely valuable for sensitive biologics and molecules of interest. Furthermore, several processing (e.g., flow rate, applied voltage and working distance) and solution (e.g., polymer concentration, electrical conductivity and surface tension) parameters impact ES modes and greatly influence the production of resulting particles. The formation of a steady cone-jet and subsequent atomisation during ES fabricates particles demonstrating monodispersity (or near monodispersed), narrow particle size distributions and smooth or textured morphologies; all of which are successfully incorporated in a one-step process. By following a controlled ES regime, tailored particles with various intricate structures (hollow microspheres, nanocups, Janus and cell-mimicking nanoparticles) can also be engineered through process head modifications central to the ES technique (single-needle spraying, coaxial, multi-needle and needleless approaches). Thus, intricate formulation design, set-up and combinatorial engineering of the EHDA process delivers particulate structures with a multitude of applications in tissue engineering, theranostics, bioresponsive systems as well as drug dosage forms for specific delivery to diseased or target tissues. This advanced technology has great potential to be implemented commercially, particularly on the industrial scale for several unmet pharmaceutical and medical challenges and needs. This review focuses on key seminal developments, ending with future perspectives addressing obstacles that need to be addressed for future advancement.
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Balakrishnan B. Role of Nanoscale Delivery Systems in Tissue Engineering. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-021-00225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Ren C, Hao X, Wang L, Hu Y, Meng L, Zheng S, Ren F, Bu W, Wang H, Li D, Zhang K, Sun H. Metformin Carbon Dots for Promoting Periodontal Bone Regeneration via Activation of ERK/AMPK Pathway. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100196. [PMID: 33987977 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The osteogenic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is severely impaired under persistent inflammation of periodontitis. A highly efficient way to promote or rescue osteogenic potential of MSCs under inflammation remains an unmet goal. Herein, metformin carbon dots (MCDs) with excellent biocompatibility are prepared from metformin hydrochloride and citric acid via a hydrothermal method. The MCDs can more effectively enhance the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition nodules formation, expression of osteogenic genes and proteins in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) than metformin under both inflammatory and normal conditions. Moreover, a novel pathway of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling is involved in the MCDs-induced osteogenesis. In periodontitis rats, MCDs can effectively regenerate the lost alveolar bone, but not the metformin. Taken together, MCDs can be the promising candidate nanomaterial for periodontitis treatment. This work may provide a new pharmacological target of ERK/AMPK pathway for treating bone loss and also give additional insights into developing nanodrugs from the numerous medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxia Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Xinqing Hao
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Yue Hu
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Lin Meng
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Shize Zheng
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Feilong Ren
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Wenhuan Bu
- School of Stomatology China Medical University Shenyang 110001 P. R. China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resources Utilization Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 P. R. China
| | - Daowei Li
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Hongchen Sun
- Hospital of Stomatology Jilin University Changchun 130021 P. R. China
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Samal S, Dash P, Dash M. Drug Delivery to the Bone Microenvironment Mediated by Exosomes: An Axiom or Enigma. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:3509-3540. [PMID: 34045855 PMCID: PMC8149288 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s307843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of bone-related disorders is causing a burden on the clinical scenario. Even though bone is one of the tissues that possess tremendous regenerative potential, certain bone anomalies need therapeutic intervention through appropriate delivery of a drug. Among several nanosystems and biologics that offer the potential to contribute towards bone healing, the exosomes from the class of extracellular vesicles are outstanding. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles that, apart from the various advantages, are standing out of the crowd for their ability to conduct cellular communication. The internal cargo of the exosomes is leading to its potential use in therapeutics. Exosomes are being unraveled in terms of the mechanism as well as application in targeting various diseases and tissues. Through this review, we have tried to understand and review all that is already established and the gap areas that still exist in utilizing them as drug delivery vehicles targeting the bone. The review highlights the potential of the exosomes towards their contribution to the drug delivery scenario in the bone microenvironment. A comparison of the pros and cons of exosomes with other prevalent drug delivery systems is also done. A section on the patents that have been generated so far from this field is included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasmita Samal
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Pratigyan Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Mamoni Dash
- Institute of Life Sciences, Nalco Square, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751023, India
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26
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Rostamabadi H, Falsafi SR, Rostamabadi MM, Assadpour E, Jafari SM. Electrospraying as a novel process for the synthesis of particles/nanoparticles loaded with poorly water-soluble bioactive molecules. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 290:102384. [PMID: 33706198 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2021.102384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrophobicity and low aqueous-solubility of different drugs/nutraceuticals remain a persistent challenge for their development and clinical/food applications. A range of nanotechnology strategies have been implemented to address this issue, and amongst which a particular emphasis has been made on those that afford an improved biological performance and tunable release kinetic of bioactives through a one-step process. More recently, the technique of electrospraying (or electrohydrodynamic atomization) has attained notable impulse in virtue of its potential to tune attributes of nano/micro-structured particles (e.g., porosity, particle size, etc.), rendering a near zero-order release kinetics, diminished burst release manner, as well as its simplicity, reproducibility, and applicability to a broad spectrum of hydrophobic and poorly water-soluble bioactives. Controlled morphology or monodispersity of designed particles could be properly obtained via electrospraying, with a high encapsulation efficiency and without unfavorable denaturation of thermosensitive bioactives upon encapsulation. This paper overviews the recent technological advances in electrospraying for the encapsulation of low queues-soluble bioactive agents. State-of-the-art, advantages, applications, and challenges for its implementation in pharmaceutical/food researches are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Rostamabadi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
| | - Seid Reza Falsafi
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Rostamabadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran.
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27
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Gao J, Huang J, Shi R, Wei J, Lei X, Dou Y, Li Y, Zuo Y, Li J. Loading and Releasing Behavior of Selenium and Doxorubicin Hydrochloride in Hydroxyapatite with Different Morphologies. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:8365-8375. [PMID: 33817497 PMCID: PMC8015115 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Doxorubicin (Dox)-loaded
or selenium-substituted hydroxyapatite
(HA) has been developed to achieve anti-osteosarcoma or bone regeneration
in a number of studies. However, currently, there is a lack of studies
on the combination of Dox and selenium loading in/on HA and comparative
research studies on which form and size of HA are more suitable for
drug loading and release in the treatment osteogenesis after osteosarcoma
resection. Herein, selenium-doped rod-shaped nano-HA (n-HA) and spherical
mesoporous HA (m-HA) were successfully prepared. The doping efficiency
of selenium and the Dox loading capacity of selenium-doped HA with
different morphologies were studied. The release kinetics of Dox and
the selenium element in phosphate-buffered saline with different pH
values was also comparatively investigated. The drug loading results
showed that n-HA exhibited 3 times higher selenium doping amount than
m-HA, and the Dox entrapment efficiency of selenium-doped n-HA (0.1Se-n-HA)
presented 20% higher than that of selenium-doped m-HA (0.1Se-m-HA).
The Dox release behaviors of HA in two different morphologies showed
similar release kinetics, with almost the same Dox releasing ratio
but slightly more Dox releasing amount in selenium-doped HA than in
HA without selenium. The selenium release from selenium-doped n-HA-D
(0.1Se-n-HA-D) particles was 2 times as much as that of selenium-doped
m-HA-D (0.1Se-m-HA) particles. Our study indicated that n-HA loaded
with Dox and selenium may be a promising drug delivery strategy for
inhibition of osteosarcoma recurrence and promoting osteogenesis simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Huang
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Orthopaedics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Jiawei Wei
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Lei
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yichen Dou
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yubao Li
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zuo
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Jidong Li
- Research Center for Nano Biomaterials, Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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28
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Ulker Turan C, Metin A, Guvenilir Y. Controlled release of tetracycline hydrochloride from poly(ω-pentadecalactone-co-ε-caprolactone)/gelatin nanofibers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 162:59-69. [PMID: 33727142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Development of drug delivery systems is an extensively researched area in biomedical field. In recent years, there is an increasing interest on fabrication of biocompatible nanofibrous drug delivery systems. In the present study, poly(ω-pentadecalactone-co-ε-caprolactone)/gelatin nanofibrous membranes were fabricated for the controlled delivery and release of tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) antibiotic. Poly(ω-pentadecalactone-co-ε-caprolactone) content provides an originality to the membrane, since it has been synthesized enzymatically previously. Varied amounts of tetracycline hydrochloride including poly(ω-pentadecalactone-co-ε-caprolactone)/gelatin (1:1, v:v) binary polymer blend was electrospun and characterizations (morphological and molecular structure, wettability characteristics, and thermal behavior) were applied to investigate the incorporation of drug molecule. Afterwards, in vitro drug release studies were carried out and mathematical modelling was applied to drug release data in order to clarify the transport mechanism of drug. TCH release profile comprised of an initial burst release in first hour and followed by a sustained release through 14 days which allowed sufficient antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) bacteria. The presented drug delivery system may be applied as an antibacterial wound dressing device for skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cansu Ulker Turan
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Metin
- Istanbul Technical University, Polymer Science and Technology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Guvenilir
- Istanbul Technical University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey
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29
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Green synthesis of Cuminum cyminum silver nanoparticles: Characterizations and cytocompatibility with lapine primary tenocytes. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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30
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Ordikhani F, Zandi N, Mazaheri M, Luther GA, Ghovvati M, Akbarzadeh A, Annabi N. Targeted nanomedicines for the treatment of bone disease and regeneration. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1221-1254. [PMID: 33347711 DOI: 10.1002/med.21759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Targeted delivery by either passive or active targeting of therapeutics to the bone is an attractive treatment for various bone related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteosarcoma, multiple myeloma, and metastatic bone tumors. Engineering novel drug delivery carriers can increase therapeutic efficacy and minimize the risk of side effects. Developmnet of nanocarrier delivery systems is an interesting field of ongoing studies with opportunities to provide more effective therapies. In addition, preclinical nanomedicine research can open new opportunities for preclinical bone-targeted drug delivery; nevertheless, further research is needed to progress these therapies towards clinical applications. In the present review, the latest advancements in targeting moieties and nanocarrier drug delivery systems for the treatment of bone diseases are summarized. We also review the regeneration capability and effective delivery of nanomedicines for orthopedic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Ordikhani
- Transplantation Research Center, Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nooshin Zandi
- Institute for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mozhdeh Mazaheri
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gaurav A Luther
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mahsa Ghovvati
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California- Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California- Los Angeles, California, Los Angeles, USA
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31
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Dai W, Sun M, Leng X, Hu X, Ao Y. Recent Progress in 3D Printing of Elastic and High-Strength Hydrogels for the Treatment of Osteochondral and Cartilage Diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:604814. [PMID: 33330436 PMCID: PMC7729093 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.604814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite considerable progress for the regenerative medicine, repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects and osteochondral interface remains challenging. This low efficiency is largely due to the difficulties in recapitulating the stratified zonal architecture of articular cartilage and engineering complex gradients for bone-soft tissue interface. This has led to increased interest in three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies in the field of musculoskeletal tissue engineering. Printable and biocompatible hydrogels are attractive materials for 3D printing applications because they not only own high tunability and complexity, but also offer favorable biomimetic environments for live cells, such as porous structure, high water content, and bioactive molecule incorporation. However, conventional hydrogels are usually mechanically weak and brittle, which cannot reach the mechanical requirements for repair of articular cartilage defects and osteochondral interface. Therefore, the development of elastic and high-strength hydrogels for 3D printing in the repairment of cartilage defects and osteochondral interface is crucial. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in elastic and high-strength hydrogels for 3D printing and categorized them into six groups, namely ion bonds interactions, nanocomposites integrated in hydrogels, supramolecular guest-host interactions, hydrogen bonds interactions, dynamic covalent bonds interactions, and hydrophobic interactions. These 3D printed elastic and high-strength hydrogels may provide new insights for the treatment of osteochondral and cartilage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Muyang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Leng
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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32
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Use of mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles to improve bioactivity and hemocompatibility of streptokinase: In-vitro and in-vivo studies. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 118:111427. [PMID: 33255024 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Streptokinase, a clot-dissolving agent, is widely used in treatment of cardiovascular diseases such as blood clots and deep thrombosis. Streptokinase is a cost-effective drug with a short biological half-life (i.e. 15 to 30 min). In addition, due to its prokaryotic source, the immune response quickly reacts to the drug. Despite these limitations, streptokinase is still the first choice for diseases associated with thrombosis. In this work, streptokinase was encapsulated in mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles to improve its pharmacokinetic properties. The nanoparticles containing the enzyme were prepared by coaxial electrospray and their physicochemical properties, blood compatibility, circulation time and cell toxicity were evaluated. The results showed that the use of mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles to encapsulate the enzyme resulted in prolonged circulation time (up to 120 min) with a slight decrease in its activity. In vivo studies also showed that the nanoparticles containing streptokinase did not have adverse effect on blood biochemistry parameters as well as liver and kidney tissues. As a result, the mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles showed the potential for increasing the biological activity of streptokinase with no important adverse effect.
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33
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Ye G, Bao F, Zhang X, Song Z, Liao Y, Fei Y, Bunpetch V, Heng BC, Shen W, Liu H, Zhou J, Ouyang H. Nanomaterial-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and regeneration. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2020; 15:1995-2017. [PMID: 32812486 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The global incidence of bone tissue injuries has been increasing rapidly in recent years, making it imperative to develop suitable bone grafts for facilitating bone tissue regeneration. It has been demonstrated that nanomaterials/nanocomposites scaffolds can more effectively promote new bone tissue formation compared with micromaterials. This may be attributed to their nanoscaled structural and topological features that better mimic the physiological characteristics of natural bone tissue. In this review, we examined the current applications of various nanomaterial/nanocomposite scaffolds and different topological structures for bone tissue engineering, as well as the underlying mechanisms of regeneration. The potential risks and toxicity of nanomaterials will also be critically discussed. Finally, some considerations for the clinical applications of nanomaterials/nanocomposites scaffolds for bone tissue engineering are mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Ye
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Fangyuan Bao
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Xianzhu Zhang
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhe Song
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Youguo Liao
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Fei
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Varitsara Bunpetch
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Boon Chin Heng
- School of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, PR China
| | - Weiliang Shen
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hua Liu
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Hongwei Ouyang
- Dr Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine & Department of Orthopedic Surgery of The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine & Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,Department of Sports Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, PR China.,China Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine Group (CORMed), Hangzhou, PR China
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34
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Wang N, Fuh JYH, Dheen ST, Senthil Kumar A. Functions and applications of metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles in orthopedic implants and scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:160-179. [PMID: 32776481 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bone defects and diseases are devastating, and can lead to severe functional deficits or even permanent disability. Nevertheless, orthopedic implants and scaffolds can facilitate the growth of incipient bone and help us to treat bone defects and diseases. Currently, a wide range of biomaterials with distinct biocompatibility, biodegradability, porosity, and mechanical strength is used in bone-related research. However, most orthopedic implants and scaffolds have certain limitations and diverse complications, such as limited corrosion resistance, low cell proliferation, and bacterial adhesion. With recent advancements in materials science and nanotechnology, metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles have become the subject of significant interest as they offer an ample variety of options to resolve the existing problems in the orthopedic industry. More importantly, these nanoparticles possess unique physicochemical and mechanical properties not found in conventional materials, and can be incorporated into orthopedic implants and scaffolds to enhance their antimicrobial ability, bioactive molecular delivery, mechanical strength, osteointegration, and cell labeling and imaging. However, many metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles can also be toxic to nearby cells and tissues. This review article will discuss the applications and functions of metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles in orthopedic implants and bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyou Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerry Ying Hsi Fuh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Thameem Dheen
- Department of Anatomy, 4 Medical Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A Senthil Kumar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 9 Engineering Drive, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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35
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Wu J, Chen Q, Deng C, Xu B, Zhang Z, Yang Y, Lu T. Exquisite design of injectable Hydrogels in Cartilage Repair. Theranostics 2020; 10:9843-9864. [PMID: 32863963 PMCID: PMC7449920 DOI: 10.7150/thno.46450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage damage is still a threat to human beings, yet there is currently no treatment available to fully restore the function of cartilage. Recently, due to their unique structures and properties, injectable hydrogels have been widely studied and have exhibited high potential for applications in therapeutic areas, especially in cartilage repair. In this review, we briefly introduce the properties of cartilage, some articular cartilage injuries, and now available treatment strategies. Afterwards, we propose the functional and fundamental requirements of injectable hydrogels in cartilage tissue engineering, as well as the main advantages of injectable hydrogels as a therapy for cartilage damage, including strong plasticity and excellent biocompatibility. Moreover, we comprehensively summarize the polymers, cells, and bioactive molecules regularly used in the fabrication of injectable hydrogels, with two kinds of gelation, i.e., physical and chemical crosslinking, which ensure the excellent design of injectable hydrogels for cartilage repair. We also include novel hybrid injectable hydrogels combined with nanoparticles. Finally, we conclude with the advances of this clinical application and the challenges of injectable hydrogels used in cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Life Sciences
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Chao Deng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 277 Yanta West Road, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Baoping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Zeiyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education. Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 Taibai North Road, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Tingli Lu
- Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Life Sciences
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36
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Donsante A, Xue J, Poth KM, Hardcastle NS, Diniz B, O'Connor DM, Xia Y, Boulis NM. Controlling the Release of Neurotrophin-3 and Chondroitinase ABC Enhances the Efficacy of Nerve Guidance Conduits. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e2000200. [PMID: 32548984 PMCID: PMC7751830 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) have the potential to replace autografts in repairing peripheral nerve injuries, but their efficacy still needs to be improved. The efficacy of NGCs is augmented by neurotrophic factors that promote axon growth and by enzymes capable of degrading molecules that inhibit axon growth. In the current study, two types of NGCs loaded with factors (both neurotrophin-3 and chondroitinase ABC) are constructed and their abilities to repair an 8 mm gap in the rat sciatic nerve are examined. The factors are encapsulated in microparticles made of a phase-change material (PCM) or collagen and then sandwiched between two layers of electrospun fibers. The use of PCM allows to achieve pulsed release of the factors upon irradiation with a near-infrared laser. The use of collagen enables slow, continuous release via diffusion. The efficacy is evaluated by measuring compound muscle action potentials (CMAP) in the gastrocnemius muscle and analyzing the nerve histology. Continuous release of the factors from collagen results in enhanced CMAP amplitude and increased axon counts in the distal nerve relative to the plain conduit. In contrast, pulsed release of the same factors from PCM shows a markedly adverse impact on the efficacy, possibly by inhibiting axon growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Donsante
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jiajia Xue
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Kelly M Poth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Bruna Diniz
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Nicholas M Boulis
- Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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Qiu J, Huo D, Xia Y. Phase-Change Materials for Controlled Release and Related Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000660. [PMID: 32383215 PMCID: PMC7473464 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Phase-change materials (PCMs) have emerged as a novel class of thermo-responsive materials for controlled release, where the payloads encapsulated in a solid matrix are released only upon melting the PCM to trigger a solid-to-liquid phase transition. Herein, the advances over the past 10 years in utilizing PCMs as a versatile platform for the encapsulation and release of various types of therapeutic agents and biological effectors are highlighted. A brief introduction to PCMs in the context of desired properties for controlled release and related applications is provided. Among the various types of PCMs, a specific focus is placed on fatty acids and fatty alcohols for their natural availability, low toxicity, biodegradability, diversity, high abundance, and low cost. Then, various methods capable of processing PCMs, and their mixtures with payloads, into stable suspensions of colloidal particles, and the different means for triggering the solid-to-liquid phase transition are discussed. Finally, a range of applications enabled by the controlled release system based on PCMs are presented together with some perspectives on future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jichuan Qiu
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Da Huo
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
| | - Younan Xia
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA
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Materials for Orthopedic Bioimplants: Modulating Degradation and Surface Modification Using Integrated Nanomaterials. COATINGS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings10030264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Significant research and development in the field of biomedical implants has evoked the scope to treat a broad range of orthopedic ailments that include fracture fixation, total bone replacement, joint arthrodesis, dental screws, and others. Importantly, the success of a bioimplant depends not only upon its bulk properties, but also on its surface properties that influence its interaction with the host tissue. Various approaches of surface modification such as coating of nanomaterial have been employed to enhance antibacterial activities of a bioimplant. The modified surface facilitates directed modulation of the host cellular behavior and grafting of cell-binding peptides, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and growth factors to further improve host acceptance of a bioimplant. These strategies showed promising results in orthopedics, e.g., improved bone repair and regeneration. However, the choice of materials, especially considering their degradation behavior and surface properties, plays a key role in long-term reliability and performance of bioimplants. Metallic biomaterials have evolved largely in terms of their bulk and surface properties including nano-structuring with nanomaterials to meet the requirements of new generation orthopedic bioimplants. In this review, we have discussed metals and metal alloys commonly used for manufacturing different orthopedic bioimplants and the biotic as well as abiotic factors affecting the failure and degradation of those bioimplants. The review also highlights the currently available nanomaterial-based surface modification technologies to augment the function and performance of these metallic bioimplants in a clinical setting.
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Filippi M, Born G, Felder-Flesch D, Scherberich A. Use of nanoparticles in skeletal tissue regeneration and engineering. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:331-350. [PMID: 31721139 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Bone and osteochondral defects represent one of the major causes of disabilities in the world. Derived from traumas and degenerative pathologies, these lesions cause severe pain, joint deformity, and loss of joint motion. The standard treatments in clinical practice present several limitations. By producing functional substitutes for damaged tissues, tissue engineering has emerged as an alternative in the treatment of defects in the skeletal system. Despite promising preliminary clinical outcomes, several limitations remain. Nanotechnologies could offer new solutions to overcome those limitations, generating materials more closely mimicking the structures present in naturally occurring systems. Nanostructures comparable in size to those appearing in natural bone and cartilage have thus become relevant in skeletal tissue engineering. In particular, nanoparticles allow for a unique combination of approaches (e.g. cell labelling, scaffold modification or drug and gene delivery) inside single integrated systems for optimized tissue regeneration. In the present review, the main types of nanoparticles and the current strategies for their application to skeletal tissue engineering are described. The collection of studies herein considered confirms that advanced nanomaterials will be determinant in the design of regenerative therapeutic protocols for skeletal lesions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Filippi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gordian Born
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Delphine Felder-Flesch
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux Strasbourg, UMR CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arnaud Scherberich
- Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Allschwil, Basel, Switzerland.
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Rodríguez-Félix F, Del-Toro-Sánchez CL, Javier Cinco-Moroyoqui F, Juárez J, Ruiz-Cruz S, López-Ahumada GA, Carvajal-Millan E, Castro-Enríquez DD, Barreras-Urbina CG, Tapia-Hernández JA. Preparation and Characterization of Quercetin-Loaded Zein Nanoparticles by Electrospraying and Study of In Vitro Bioavailability. J Food Sci 2019; 84:2883-2897. [PMID: 31553062 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Quercetin is a hydrophobic flavonoid with high antioxidant activity. However, for biological applications, the bioavailability of quercetin is low due to physiological barriers. For this reason, an alternative is the protection of quercetin in matrices of biopolymers as zein. The objective of this work was to prepare and characterize quercetin-loaded zein nanoparticles by electrospraying and its study of in vitro bioavailability. The physicochemical parameters such as viscosity, density, and electrical conductivity of zein solutions showed a dependence of the ethanol concentration. In addition, rheological parameters demonstrated that solutions of zein in aqueous ethanol present Newtonian behavior, rebounding in the formation of nanoparticles by electrospraying, providing spherical, homogeneous, and compact morphologies, mainly at a concentration of 80% (v/v) of ethanol and of 5% (w/v) of zein. The size and shape of quercetin-loaded zein nanoparticles were studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), observing that it was entrapped, distributed throughout the nanoparticle of zein. Analysis by Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) of zein nanoparticles loaded with quercetin revealed interactions via hydrogen bonds. The efficacy of zein nanoparticles to entrap quercetin was particularly high for all quercetin concentration evaluated in this work (87.9 ± 1.5% to 93.0 ± 2.6%). The in vitro gastrointestinal release of trapped quercetin after 240 min was 79.1%, while that for free quercetin was 99.2%. The in vitro bioavailability was higher for trapped quercetin (5.9%) compared to free quercetin (1.9%), than of gastrointestinal digestion. It is concluded, that the electrospraying technique made possible the obtention of quercitin-loaded zein nanoparticles increasing their bioavailability. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This type of nanosystems can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Quercetin-loaded zein nanoparticles for its improvement compared to free quercetin can be used to decrease the prevalence of chronic degenerative diseases by increasing of the bioavailability of quercetin in the bloodstream. Other application can be as an antioxidant system in functional foods or oils to increase shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Rodríguez-Félix
- Dept. of Research and Posgraduate in Food (DIPA), Univ. of Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Carmen Lizette Del-Toro-Sánchez
- Dept. of Research and Posgraduate in Food (DIPA), Univ. of Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Francisco Javier Cinco-Moroyoqui
- Dept. of Research and Posgraduate in Food (DIPA), Univ. of Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Josué Juárez
- Dept. of Physics, Univ. of Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Saúl Ruiz-Cruz
- Dept. of Biotechnology and Food Science, Inst. Technology of Sonora, 5 de febrero #818 sur, Colonia Centro, 85000, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Amanda López-Ahumada
- Dept. of Research and Posgraduate in Food (DIPA), Univ. of Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Carvajal-Millan
- Research Center for Food and Development A.C., Carretera a La Victoria KM 0.6, 83304, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Daniela Denisse Castro-Enríquez
- Dept. of Research and Posgraduate in Food (DIPA), Univ. of Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Carlos Gregorio Barreras-Urbina
- Dept. of Research and Posgraduate in Food (DIPA), Univ. of Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
| | - José Agustín Tapia-Hernández
- Dept. of Research and Posgraduate in Food (DIPA), Univ. of Sonora. Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, S/N, Colonia Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico
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García-Couce J, Almirall A, Fuentes G, Kaijzel E, Chan A, Cruz LJ. Targeting Polymeric Nanobiomaterials as a Platform for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1915-1932. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190708184745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage is a connective tissue structure that is found in anatomical areas that are important for the movement of the human body. Osteoarthritis is the ailment that most often affects the articular cartilage. Due to its poor intrinsic healing capacity, damage to the articular cartilage is highly detrimental and at present the reconstructive options for its repair are limited. Tissue engineering and the science of nanobiomaterials are two lines of research that together can contribute to the restoration of damaged tissue. The science of nanobiomaterials focuses on the development of different nanoscale structures that can be used as carriers of drugs / cells to treat and repair damaged tissues such as articular cartilage. This review article is an overview of the composition of articular cartilage, the causes and treatments of osteoarthritis, with a special emphasis on nanomaterials as carriers of drugs and cells, which reduce inflammation, promote the activation of biochemical factors and ultimately contribute to the total restoration of articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jomarien García-Couce
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) group, Radiology department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Amisel Almirall
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) group, Radiology department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Gastón Fuentes
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) group, Radiology department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Eric Kaijzel
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) group, Radiology department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Alan Chan
- Percuros B.V., Zernikedreef 8, 2333 CL Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Luis J. Cruz
- Translational Nanobiomaterials and Imaging (TNI) group, Radiology department, Leiden University Medical Centrum, Leiden, Netherlands
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Electrospray for generation of drug delivery and vaccine particles applied in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110070. [PMID: 31546372 PMCID: PMC10366704 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Also known as electrospray, electrohydrodynamic atomization has been used extensively in the last 15 years to develop polymer-based particles for drug delivery in cell and animal models. More recently, novel core-shell, multi-axial, and other electrospray particles have been developed from an array of polymers for a variety of biomedical applications. This review focuses on electrospray as a novel method of particle fabrication for drug delivery, specifically highlighting the applications of these particle systems in cell culture and animal models while also discussing polymers used for particle fabrication. Applications of electrospray particles to treat glioma, ovarian cancer, and breast cancer are reviewed. Additionally, delivery of antibiotics, gene therapy, and bacterial cells formulated in electrospray particles is discussed. Finally, vaccines as well as drug eluting particles for differentiation of stem cells and tissue engineering are highlighted. The article concludes with a discussion of where the future of electrospray technology can go to strengthen its foothold in the biomedical field.
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Niobium pentoxide and hydroxyapatite particle loaded electrospun polycaprolactone/gelatin membranes for bone tissue engineering. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 182:110386. [PMID: 31369954 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.110386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Effective methods of accelerating the bone regeneration healing process are in demand for a number of bone-related diseases and trauma. This work developed scaffolds with improved properties for bone tissue engineering by electrospinning composite polycaprolactone-gelatin-hydroxyapatite-niobium pentoxide (PGHANb) membranes. Composite membranes, with average fiber diameters ranging from 123 to 156 nm, were produced by adding hydroxyapatite (HA) and varying concentrations of niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5) particles (0, 3, 7, and 10 wt%) to a polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin (GL) matrix prior to electrospinning. The morphology, mechanical, chemical and biological properties of resultant membranes were evaluated. Bioactivity was assessed using simulated body fluid (SBF) and it confirmed that the presence of particles induced the formation of hydroxyapatite crystals on the surface of the membranes. Samples were hydrophilic and cell metabolism results showed that the niobium-containing membranes were non-toxic while improving cell proliferation and differentiation compared to controls. This study demonstrated that electrospun membranes containing HA and Nb2O5 particles have potential to promote cell adhesion and proliferation while exhibiting bioactive properties. PGHANb membranes are promising candidates for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Abstract
Stem cell therapy is a promising alternative approach to the treatment of a number of incurable degenerative diseases. However, low cell retention and survival after transplantation limit the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells for clinical translational applications. The utilization of biomaterials has been progressively successful in controlling the fate of transplanted cells by imitating the cellular microenvironment for optimal tissue repair and regeneration. This review mainly focuses on the engineered microenvironments with synthetic biomaterials in modification of stem cell behaviors. Moreover, the possible advancements in translational therapy by using biomaterials with stem cells are prospected and the challenges of the current restriction in clinical applications are highlighted.
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45
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Engineering Cell Systems. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:4685137. [PMID: 31281374 PMCID: PMC6589225 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4685137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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46
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Chahal S, Kumar A, Hussian FSJ. Development of biomimetic electrospun polymeric biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. A review. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2019; 30:1308-1355. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2019.1630699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Chahal
- Faculty of Industrial Sciences and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Espoo, Finland
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Kim TH, Kang MS, Mandakhbayar N, El-Fiqi A, Kim HW. Anti-inflammatory actions of folate-functionalized bioactive ion-releasing nanoparticles imply drug-free nanotherapy of inflamed tissues. Biomaterials 2019; 207:23-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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48
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Xu Y, Peng J, Richards G, Lu S, Eglin D. Optimization of electrospray fabrication of stem cell-embedded alginate-gelatin microspheres and their assembly in 3D-printed poly(ε-caprolactone) scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering. J Orthop Translat 2019; 18:128-141. [PMID: 31508316 PMCID: PMC6718928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our study reports the optimization of electrospray human bone marrow stromal cell (hBMSCs)-embedded alginate-gelatin (Alg-Gel, same as following) microspheres for the purpose of their assembly in 3D-printed poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold for the fabrication of a mechanically stable and biological supportive tissue engineering cartilage construct. METHODS The fabrication of the Alg-Gel microspheres using an electrospray technique was optimized in terms of polydispersity, yield of microspheres and circularity and varying fabrication conditions. PCL scaffolds were designed and printed by melt extrusion. Then, four groups were set: Alg-hBMSC microspheres cultured in the 2D well plate (Alg-hBMSCs+2D) group, Alg-Gel-hBMSC microspheres cultured in the 2D well plate (Alg-Gel-hBMSCs+2D) group, Alg-Gel-hBMSC microspheres embedded in PCL scaffold cultured in the 2D well plate (Alg-Gel-hBMSCs+2D) group and Alg-Gel-hBMSCs microspheres cultured in the 3D bioreactor (Alg-Gel-hBMSCs+3D) group. Cell viability, proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation were evaluated, and mechanical test was performed. RESULTS Nonaggregated, low polydispersity and almost spherical microspheres of average diameter of 200-300 μm were produced with alginate 1.5 w: v%, gelatin (Type B) concentration of 0.5 w: v % and CaCl2 coagulating bath concentration of 3.0 w: v %, using 30G needle size and 8 kV and 0.6 bar voltage and air pressure, respectively. Alginate with gelatin hydrogel improved viability and promoted hBMSC proliferation better than alginate microspheres. Interestingly, hBMSCs embedded in microspheres assembled in 3D-printed PCL scaffold and cultured in a 3D bioreactor were more proliferative in comparison to the previous two groups (p < 0.05). Similarly, the GAG content, GAG/DNA ratio as well as Coll 2 and Aggr gene expression were increased in the last two groups. CONCLUSION Optimization of hBMSC-embedded Alg-Gel microspheres produced by electrospray has been performed. The Alg-Gel composition selected allows conservation of hBMSC viability and supports proliferation and matrix deposition. The possibility to seed and assemble microspheres in designed 3D-printed PCL scaffolds for the fabrication of a mechanically stable and biological supportive tissue engineering cartilage construct was demonstrated. TRANSLATIONAL POTENTIAL OF THIS ARTICLE We optimize and demonstrate that electrospray microsphere fabrication is a cytocompatible and facile process to produce the hBMSC-embedded microsize tissue-like particles that can easily be assembled into a stable construct. This finding could have application in the development of mechanically competent stem cell-based tissue engineering of cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichi Xu
- Lab of Orthopaedics of Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Jiang Peng
- Lab of Orthopaedics of Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Geoff Richards
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Shibi Lu
- Lab of Orthopaedics of Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics, Key Lab of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries of PLA, Beijing 100853, China
| | - David Eglin
- AO Research Institute Davos, Clavadelerstrasse 8, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland
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Li J, Chen G, Xu X, Abdou P, Jiang Q, Shi D, Gu Z. Advances of injectable hydrogel-based scaffolds for cartilage regeneration. Regen Biomater 2019; 6:129-140. [PMID: 31198581 PMCID: PMC6547311 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbz022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage is an important load-bearing tissue distributed on the surface of diarthrodial joints. Due to its avascular, aneural and non-lymphatic features, cartilage has limited self-regenerative properties. To date, the utilization of biomaterials to aid in cartilage regeneration, especially through the use of injectable scaffolds, has attracted considerable attention. Various materials, therapeutics and fabrication approaches have emerged with a focus on manipulating the cartilage microenvironment to induce the formation of cartilaginous structures that have similar properties to the native tissues. In particular, the design and fabrication of injectable hydrogel-based scaffolds have advanced in recent years with the aim of enhancing its therapeutic efficacy and improving its ease of administration. This review summarizes recent progress in these efforts, including the structural improvement of scaffolds, network cross-linking techniques and strategies for controlled release, which present new opportunities for the development of injectable scaffolds for cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 8-684 Factor Building, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xingquan Xu
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Peter Abdou
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 8-684 Factor Building, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qing Jiang
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Dongquan Shi
- Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, 410 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, 8-684 Factor Building, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics, University of California, Los Angeles, 570 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Touny AH, Saleh MM, Abd El-Lateef HM, Saleh MM. Electrochemical methods for fabrication of polymers/calcium phosphates nanocomposites as hard tissue implants. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2019; 6. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5045339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Developing and manipulating new biomaterials is an ongoing topic for their needs in medical uses. The evolution and development of new biomaterials, in both the academic and industrial sectors, have been encouraged due to the dramatic improvement in medicine and medical-related technologies. Due to the drawbacks associated with natural biomaterials, the use of synthetic biomaterials is preferential due to basic and applied aspects. Various techniques are involved in fabricating biomaterials. Among them are the electrochemical-based methods, which include electrodeposition and electrophoretic methods. Although electrospinning and electrospraying are not typical electrochemical methods, they are also reviewed in this article due to their importance. Many remarkable features can be acquired from this technique. Electrodeposition and electrophoretic deposition are exceptional and valuable processes for fabricating thin or thick coated films on a surface of metallic implants. Electrodeposition and electrophoretic deposition have some common positive features. They can be used at low temperatures, do not affect the structure of the implant, and can be applied to complex shapes, and they can produce superior properties, such as quick and uniform coating. Furthermore, they can possibly control the thickness and chemical composition of the coatings. Electrospinning is a potentially emerging and efficient process for producing materials with nanofibrous structures, which have exceptional characteristics such as mechanical properties, pore size, and superior surface area. These specialized characteristics induce these nanostructured materials to be used in different technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Touny
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University 1 , Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University 2 , Helwan, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Saleh
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine 3 , Winston Salem, North Carolina 27103, USA
| | - Hany M. Abd El-Lateef
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Faisal University 1 , Al-Hassa, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Sohag University 4 , Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud M. Saleh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University 5 , Cairo, Egypt
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