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Wakayama R, Drewnowski A, Horimoto T, Saito Y, Yu T, Suzuki T, Takasugi S. Development and Validation of the Meiji Nutritional Profiling System (Meiji NPS) to Address Dietary Needs of Adults and Older Adults in Japan. Nutrients 2024; 16:936. [PMID: 38612970 PMCID: PMC11013258 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces the Meiji Nutritional Profiling System (Meiji NPS), which was specifically designed to respond to age-related shifts in nutrient requirements among Japanese adults (<65 years old) and older adults (≥65 years old). Japan has one of the most aged societies in the world. The health issues of interest are malnutrition and lifestyle-related diseases among adults and frailty among older adults. Two versions of the NPS were developed based on nutrients to encourage (protein, dietary fibers, calcium, iron, and vitamin D), food groups to encourage (fruits, vegetables, nuts, legumes, and dairy), and nutrients to limit (energy, saturated fatty acids, sugars, and salt equivalents). The Meiji NPS for older adults did not include iron or saturated fatty acids. The algorithms were based on the Nutrient-Rich Foods Index (NRF). The convergent validity between the Meiji NPS and the existing NPSs for the same foods was confirmed using Spearman's correlation coefficients (NRF: r = 0.67 for adults and r = 0.60 for older adults; Health Star Rating: r = 0.64 for adults and r = 0.61 for older adults). The Meiji NPS may be useful for nutritional evaluation and reformulation of food products, tailored to adults and older adults to ameliorate health issues in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Wakayama
- Meiji Co., Ltd., 2-2-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-9306, Japan; (T.H.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Adam Drewnowski
- Center for Public Health Nutrition, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Tomohito Horimoto
- Meiji Co., Ltd., 2-2-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-9306, Japan; (T.H.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Yoshie Saito
- Meiji Co., Ltd., 2-2-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-9306, Japan; (T.H.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Tao Yu
- Meiji Co., Ltd., 2-2-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-9306, Japan; (T.H.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
| | - Takao Suzuki
- Institute for Gerontology, J. F. Oberlin University, 3758 Tokiwa, Machida, Tokyo 194-0294, Japan
| | - Satoshi Takasugi
- Meiji Co., Ltd., 2-2-1 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-9306, Japan; (T.H.); (T.Y.); (S.T.)
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Wang Y, Gu Y, Huang J, Wu H, Meng G, Zhang Q, Liu L, Zhang S, Wang X, Zhang J, Sun S, Wang X, Zhou M, Jia Q, Song K, Huo J, Zhang B, Ding G, Du P, Niu K. Serum vitamin D status and circulating irisin levels in older adults with sarcopenia. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1051870. [PMID: 36570156 PMCID: PMC9768190 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1051870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggests sarcopenia, which is involved in the serum vitamin D deficiency and development of abnormal muscle metabolism, is predominately centered in the general older population. In the present study, we aimed to explore the relationship between the level of serum vitamin D and irisin concentrations in the older adults with sarcopenia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted which included 422 sarcopenia participants (146 males and 276 females). Sarcopenia was assessed according to the recommended diagnostic criteria of the Asia Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS). The levels of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 (25(OH)D2) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) were determined by LC-MS/MS. Irisin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between serum concentration of vitamin D and irisin were determined using multiple linear regression analysis. Results After adjustment for potential confounding factors, a significant and positive relationship between changes in irisin across 25(OH)D, and 25(OH)D3 was observed (standard regression coefficients of 0.150 and 0.151, respectively, P < 0.05). However, no significant relationship was observed between serum vitamin D concentrations and irisin levels in males. Conclusions This study demonstrated that a higher level of serum vitamin D is independently related to the increment of irisin in sarcopenia females, not in males. These investigations need to be verified in other large-scale prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Wang
- Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing, China,School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yeqing Gu
- Nutrition and Radiation Epidemiology Research Center, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Wu
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ge Meng
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Liu
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Shunming Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuena Wang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaomei Sun
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Wang
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiyu Jia
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kun Song
- Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Junsheng Huo
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Gangqiang Ding
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Du
- Air Force Medical Center of PLA, Beijing, China,Peng Du
| | - Kaijun Niu
- School of Public Health of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China,Nutrition and Radiation Epidemiology Research Center, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China,Nutritional Epidemiology Institute and School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,Health Management Centre, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China,Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Kaijun Niu
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Sato M, Morishita T, Katayama T, Satomura S, Okuno H, Sumida N, Sakuma M, Arai H, Katoh S, Sairyo K, Kawaura A, Takeda E. Relationship between age-related decreases in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and skeletal muscle mass in Japanese women. THE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INVESTIGATION 2021; 67:151-157. [PMID: 32378599 DOI: 10.2152/jmi.67.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
A clearer understanding of skeletal muscle mass (SMM) in middle-aged and elderly individuals is important for maintaining functionality. In the present study, age-related changes in SMM, the threshold of SMM with walking difficulty, intestinal nutrient absorption rate, and various serum factors were examined in Japanese populations of different ages. We used 24-h creatinine excretion as a measure of total body SMM. Age-related decreases in SMM, intestinal nutrient absorption rates, and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations were significantly higher in women than in men. The cut-off values for SMM (kg), its percentage of total body weight (BW), the SMM index [SMMI] (Kg / m2), and creatinine height index (CHI) (%) in elderly individuals with walking difficulty were approximately 8-10 kg, 17-20% of BW, 3.9-4.6 kg / m2, and 44%, respectively. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were closely associated with SMM (kg, % of BW, kg / m2) and CHI (%) as well as the intestinal absorption rates of nitrogen (%) and phosphorus (%) in women, but not in men. The present results demonstrate that vitamin D is an important metabolic factor in skeletal muscle, and contributes to the optimal management of skeletal muscle and the prevention of sarcopenia. J. Med. Invest. 67 : 151-157, February, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiko Sato
- Kenshokai Gakuen College for Health and Welfare, Tokushima, Japan.,Equally contributed to this study
| | - Teruhiro Morishita
- Kenshokai Gakuen College for Health and Welfare, Tokushima, Japan.,Equally contributed to this study
| | - Takafumi Katayama
- Department of Statistics and Computer Science, College of Nursing Art and Science, University of Hyogo, Akashi, Japan
| | - Shigeko Satomura
- Division of Child Neurology, Tokushima Prefectural Hinomine Medical Center for the Handicapped, Komatsushima, Japan
| | - Hiroko Okuno
- Kenshokai Gakuen College for Health and Welfare, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Nami Sumida
- Kenshokai Gakuen College for Health and Welfare, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masae Sakuma
- Department of Human Nutrition, School of Life Studies, Sugiyama Jogakuen University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Arai
- Laboratory of Clinical Nutrition and Management, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, The University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Katoh
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tokushima University Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Sairyo
- Department of Orthopedics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Akihiko Kawaura
- Kenshokai Gakuen College for Health and Welfare, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eiji Takeda
- Kenshokai Gakuen College for Health and Welfare, Tokushima, Japan
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Vitamin D Supplementation and Impact on Skeletal Muscle Function in Cell and Animal Models and an Aging Population: What Do We Know So Far? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041110. [PMID: 33800650 PMCID: PMC8066691 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with impairment in skeletal muscle mass and contractile function, predisposing to fat mass gain, insulin resistance and diabetes. The impact of Vitamin D (VitD) supplementation on skeletal muscle mass and function in older adults is still controversial. The aim of this review was to summarize data from randomized clinical trials, animal dietary intervention and cell studies in order to clarify current knowledge on the effects of VitD on skeletal muscle as reported for these three types of experiments. A structured research of the literature in Medline via PubMed was conducted and a total of 43 articles were analysed (cells n = 18, animals n = 13 and humans n = 13). The results as described by these key studies demonstrate, overall, at cell and animal levels, that VitD treatments had positive effects on the development of muscle fibres in cells in culture, skeletal muscle force and hypertrophy. Vitamin D supplementation appears to regulate not only lipid and mitochondrial muscle metabolism but also to have a direct effect on glucose metabolism and insulin driven signalling. However, considering the human perspective, results revealed a predominance of null effects of the vitamin on muscle in the ageing population, but experimental design may have influenced the study outcome in humans. Well-designed long duration double-blinded trials, standardised VitD dosing regimen, larger sample sized studies and standardised measurements may be helpful tools to accurately determine results and compare to those observed in cells and animal dietary intervention models.
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Yao X, Yang L, Li M, Xiao H. Relationship of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism with sarcopenia and muscle traits based on propensity score matching. J Clin Lab Anal 2020; 34:e23485. [PMID: 32696506 PMCID: PMC7676216 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.23485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism is reported to be associated with muscle mass and muscle strength. Loss of skeletal muscle mass and decreased muscle strength are the main characteristics of sarcopenia. In this study, the relationship of VDR gene polymorphism with muscle traits (muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance) and sarcopenia were studied in Xinjiang, China. Methods Totally, 205 sarcopenia patients were enrolled. Propensity score method was used to match control group. FokI and BsmI polymorphisms were genotyped using improved multiplex ligation detection reaction (iMLDR). Results Fok1, but not Bsm1, polymorphism was significantly associated with sarcopenia. Patients with Fok1 GG genotype were more likely to have sarcopenia. Both Bsm1 and Fok1 polymorphism were related to muscle traits. Patients with Bsm1 CT genotype had lower gait speed (GS) but higher skeletal mass index. Patients with Fok1 GG genotype had lower GS, and female subjects with the Fok1 GG genotype had lower handgrip strength (HS). GS was decreased in Bsm1 CT genotype than CC carriers. HS and GS were decreased in Fok1 GG genotype than AA carriers. Conclusion Fok1, but not Bsm1, polymorphism is associated with sarcopenia. Both Bsm1 and Fok1 polymorphism affect both HS and GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Meiyan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Hui Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
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Tanaka K, Ao M, Kuwabara A. Insufficiency of B vitamins with its possible clinical implications. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 67:19-25. [PMID: 32801464 PMCID: PMC7417807 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin deficiency causes classical deficiency diseases such as beriberi and rickets. Vitamin insufficiency, which is milder than deficiency, is a risk for various chronic diseases, but its significance has not been recognized in Japan. Vitamin D insufficiency is quite common in Japan, and a serious risk for osteoporotic fracture through its unbeneficial effect on bone and muscle. Insufficiency of B vitamins has been little studied. However, hyperhomocysteinemia caused by the insufficiency of vitamin B12 or folate is a risk for cardiovascular disease, osteoporotic fracture, and cognitive impairment. Additionally, we have recently reported that vitamin B1 insufficiency is a risk for heart failure in the elderly. The effect of improvement of nutritional status including vitamins is less marked compared to drug treatment, but it costs far less, and is suited for the primary prevention of diseases. Randomized controlled trial is considered the study with the most robust evidence in the evaluation of drug treatment, but more emphasis should be put on the well-designed cohort studies in evaluating the role of nutrients. Vitamin insufficiency is quite prevalent, and vitamin requirement is much higher for its prevention than for the prevention of deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoshi Tanaka
- Faculty of Nutrition, Kobe Gakuin University, 518 Ikawadanicho-Arise, Nishi, Kobe 651-2180, Japan
| | - Misora Ao
- Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Osaka Shoin Women’s University, 4-2-26 Hishiyanishi, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8550, Japan
| | - Akiko Kuwabara
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, 3-7-30 Habikino, Habikino, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
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Diagnostic cut-offs, prevalence, and biochemical predictors of sarcopenia in healthy Indian adults: The Sarcopenia-Chandigarh Urban Bone Epidemiological Study (Sarco-CUBES). Eur Geriatr Med 2020; 11:725-736. [PMID: 32504420 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-020-00332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Comprehensive data on diagnosis and prevalence of sarcopenia in India are lacking. The present study was undertaken to determine cut-offs for low muscle strength (MS) and low muscle mass (MM), and find out the prevalence of sarcopenia in Indians. METHODS Apparently healthy individuals aged ≥ 20 years with no prior history of any co-morbidities were recruited from community by door-to-door survey. Participants eligible for study underwent blood sampling. Individuals identified as having biochemical abnormalities that could potentially affect MS and MM were excluded. Enrolled participants underwent DEXA. Muscle mass, MS, and physical performance were expressed as appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI), dominant handgrip strength (HGS), and usual gait speed (GS), respectively. Cut-offs for low MS and MM were defined as HGS and ASMI 2SD < mean of young reference population (20-39 years). A GS ≤ 0.8 m/s defined poor physical performance. Using them, the prevalence of sarcopenia was estimated as per EWGSOP2 recommendations. RESULTS After exclusion, 804 participants were enrolled (mean age = 44.4 years). Peak HGS, ASMI, and GS were achieved in the 3rd/4th decades. Muscle strength/mass was lower than Caucasians. A HGS < 27.5 kg (males)/18.0 kg (females) and an ASMI < 6.11 kg/m2 (males)/4.61 kg/m2 (females) defined low MS and MM, respectively. Accordingly, prevalence of 'probable sarcopenia', 'sarcopenia', and 'severe sarcopenia' was 14.6%, 3.2%, and 2.3%, respectively. Corresponding values were higher when European cut-offs were used. Only serum testosterone positively predicted HGS/ASMI/GS in males. CONCLUSIONS Indians have low MS/MM, and hence, indigenous and not Western cut-offs should be used to define sarcopenia in Indians.
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