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Koshevaya YS, Turkunova ME, Vechkasova AO, Serebryakova EA, Donnikov MY, Papanov SI, Chernov AN, Kolbasin LN, Kovalenko LV, Glotov AS, Glotov OS. Exome Sequencing for the Diagnostics of Osteogenesis Imperfecta in Six Russian Patients. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4106-4118. [PMID: 38785520 PMCID: PMC11119099 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a group of inherited disorders of connective tissue that cause significant deformities and fragility in bones. Most cases of OI are associated with pathogenic variants in collagen type I genes and are characterized by pronounced polymorphisms in clinical manifestations and the absence of clear phenotype-genotype correlation. The objective of this study was to conduct a comprehensive molecular-genetic and clinical analysis to verify the diagnosis of OI in six Russian patients with genetic variants in the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from six OI patients who were observed at the Medical Genetics Center in Saint Petersburg from 2016 to 2023. Next-generation sequencing on MGISEQ G400 (MGI, China) was used for DNA analysis. The GATK bioinformatic software (version 4.5.0.0) was used for variant calling and hard filtering. Genetic variants were verified by the direct automatic sequencing of PCR products using the ABI 3500X sequencer. We identified six genetic variants, as follows pathogenic c.3505G>A (p. Gly1169Ser), c.769G>A (p.Gly257Arg), VUS c.4123G>A (p.Ala1375Thr), and c.4114A>T (p.Asn1372Tyr) in COL1A1; and likely pathogenic c.2035G>A (p.Gly679Ser) and c.739-2A>T in COL1A2. In addition, clinical cases are presented due to the presence of the c.4114A>T variant in the COL1A2 gene. Molecular genetics is essential for determining different OI types due to the high similarity across various types of the disease and the failure of unambiguous diagnosis based on clinical manifestations alone. Considering the variable approaches to OI classification, an integrated strategy is required for optimal patient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia S. Koshevaya
- Saint-Petersburg State Medical Diagnostic Center (Genetic Medical Center), 194044 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.S.K.); (M.E.T.); (A.O.V.); (E.A.S.)
| | - Mariia E. Turkunova
- Saint-Petersburg State Medical Diagnostic Center (Genetic Medical Center), 194044 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.S.K.); (M.E.T.); (A.O.V.); (E.A.S.)
- Federal State Budget Institution of Higher Education “North-Western State Medical University named after I.I Mechnikov”, Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation, 191015 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anastasia O. Vechkasova
- Saint-Petersburg State Medical Diagnostic Center (Genetic Medical Center), 194044 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.S.K.); (M.E.T.); (A.O.V.); (E.A.S.)
| | - Elena A. Serebryakova
- Saint-Petersburg State Medical Diagnostic Center (Genetic Medical Center), 194044 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (Y.S.K.); (M.E.T.); (A.O.V.); (E.A.S.)
| | - Maxim Yu. Donnikov
- Department of Children’s Diseases, Medical Institute of Surgut State University, 628400 Surgut, Russia; (M.Y.D.); (L.N.K.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Svyatoslav I. Papanov
- Surgut Disctrict Clinical Center of Maternity and Childhood Health Care, 628400 Surgut, Russia;
| | - Alexander N. Chernov
- Department of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, 197376 Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Lev N. Kolbasin
- Department of Children’s Diseases, Medical Institute of Surgut State University, 628400 Surgut, Russia; (M.Y.D.); (L.N.K.); (L.V.K.)
- Surgut Disctrict Clinical Center of Maternity and Childhood Health Care, 628400 Surgut, Russia;
| | - Lyudmila V. Kovalenko
- Department of Children’s Diseases, Medical Institute of Surgut State University, 628400 Surgut, Russia; (M.Y.D.); (L.N.K.); (L.V.K.)
| | - Andrey S. Glotov
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Oleg S. Glotov
- Department of Genomic Medicine, D. O. Ott Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
- Department of Experimental Medical Virology, Molecular Genetics and Biobanking of Virological and Molecular Genetic Methods of Diagnostics of Children’s Scientific and Clinical Center for Infectious Diseases of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Jiang W, Caruana DL, Back J, Lee FY. Unique Spatial Transcriptomic Profiling of the Murine Femoral Fracture Callus: A Preliminary Report. Cells 2024; 13:522. [PMID: 38534368 DOI: 10.3390/cells13060522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Fracture callus formation is a dynamic stage of bone activity and repair with precise, spatially localized gene expression. Metastatic breast cancer impairs fracture healing by disrupting bone homeostasis and imparting an altered genomic profile. Previous sequencing techniques such as single-cell RNA and in situ hybridization are limited by missing spatial context and low throughput, respectively. We present a preliminary approach using the Visium CytAssist spatial transcriptomics platform to provide the first spatially intact characterization of genetic expression changes within an orthopedic model of impaired fracture healing. Tissue slides prepared from BALB/c mice with or without MDA-MB-231 metastatic breast cancer cells were used. Both unsupervised clustering and histology-based annotations were performed to identify the hard callus, soft callus, and interzone for differential gene expression between the wild-type and pathological fracture model. The spatial transcriptomics platform successfully localized validated genes of the hard (Dmp1, Sost) and soft callus (Acan, Col2a1). The fibrous interzone was identified as a region of extensive genomic heterogeneity. MDA-MB-231 samples demonstrated downregulation of the critical bone matrix and structural regulators that may explain the weakened bone structure of pathological fractures. Spatial transcriptomics may represent a valuable tool in orthopedic research by providing temporal and spatial context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Will Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Place, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Dennis L Caruana
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Place, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Jungho Back
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Place, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Francis Y Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics & Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Place, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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Selvaraj V, Sekaran S, Dhanasekaran A, Warrier S. Type 1 collagen: Synthesis, structure and key functions in bone mineralization. Differentiation 2024; 136:100757. [PMID: 38437764 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2024.100757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Collagen is a highly abundant protein in the extracellular matrix of humans and mammals, and it plays a critical role in maintaining the body's structural integrity. Type I collagen is the most prevalent collagen type and is essential for the structural integrity of various tissues. It is present in nearly all connective tissues and is the main constituent of the interstitial matrix. Mutations that affect collagen fiber formation, structure, and function can result in various bone pathologies, underscoring the significance of collagen in sustaining healthy bone tissue. Studies on type 1 collagen have revealed that mutations in its encoding gene can lead to diverse bone diseases, such as osteogenesis imperfecta, a disorder characterized by fragile bones that are susceptible to fractures. Knowledge of collagen's molecular structure, synthesis, assembly, and breakdown is vital for comprehending embryonic and foetal development and several aspects of human physiology. In this review, we summarize the structure, molecular biology of type 1 collagen, its biomineralization and pathologies affecting bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vimalraj Selvaraj
- Department of Applied Mechanics and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Madras, Chennai, 600 036, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Sudha Warrier
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences and Technology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, 600116, Tamil Nadu, India
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Sun Y, Li L, Wang J, Liu H, Wang H. Emerging Landscape of Osteogenesis Imperfecta Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Approaches. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2024; 7:72-96. [PMID: 38230285 PMCID: PMC10789133 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.3c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an uncommon genetic disorder characterized by shortness of stature, hearing loss, poor bone mass, recurrent fractures, and skeletal abnormalities. Pathogenic variations have been found in over 20 distinct genes that are involved in the pathophysiology of OI, contributing to the disorder's clinical and genetic variability. Although medications, surgical procedures, and other interventions can partially alleviate certain symptoms, there is still no known cure for OI. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of genetic pathogenesis, existing treatment modalities, and new developments in biotechnologies such as gene editing, stem cell reprogramming, functional differentiation, and transplantation for potential future OI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Lin Li
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Medical
School of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China
| | - Huiting Liu
- PET
Center, Chongqing University Three Gorges
Hospital, Chongqing 404000, China
| | - Hu Wang
- Department
of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School
of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
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Storoni S, Celli L, Zhytnik L, Maasalu K, Märtson A, Kõks S, Khmyzov S, Pashenko A, Maugeri A, Zambrano A, Celli M, Eekhoff EMW, Micha D. Novel pathogenic variants in SPARC as cause of osteogenesis imperfecta: Two case reports. Eur J Med Genet 2023; 66:104857. [PMID: 37758164 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2023.104857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in SPARC cause a rare autosomal recessive form of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), classified as OI type XVII, which was first reported in 2015. Only six patient cases with this specific form of OI have been reported to date. The SPARC protein plays a crucial role in the calcification of collagen in bone, synthesis of the extracellular matrix, and the regulation of cell shape. In this case report, we describe the phenotype of two patients with SPARC-related OI, including a patient with two novel pathogenic variants in the SPARC gene. Targeted Next Generation Sequencing revealed new compound heterozygous variants (c.484G > A p.(Glu162Lys)) and c.496C > T p.(Arg166Cys)) in one patient and a homozygous nonsense pathogenic variant (c.145C > T p.(Gln49*)) in the other. In line with previously reported cases, the two OI patients presented delayed motor development, muscular weakness, scoliosis, and multiple fractures. Interestingly, our study reports for the first time the occurrence of dentinogenesis imperfecta. The study also reports the effectiveness of bisphosphonate treatment for OI type XVII. This article enhances the genetic, clinical, therapeutic, and radiological understanding of SPARC-related OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Storoni
- Department of Internal Medicine Section Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Rare Bone Disease Center Amsterdam, ERN BOND, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luca Celli
- Department of Internal Medicine Section Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Rare Bone Disease Center Amsterdam, ERN BOND, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lidiia Zhytnik
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; University of Tartu, Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katre Maasalu
- University of Tartu, Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu, Estonia; Tartu University Hospital, Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aare Märtson
- University of Tartu, Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu, Estonia; Tartu University Hospital, Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia; Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Sergey Khmyzov
- Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrei Pashenko
- Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, National Academy of Medical Science of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Alessandra Maugeri
- Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Zambrano
- Center for Rare Diseases and Skeletal Dysplasias, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Celli
- Center for Rare Diseases and Skeletal Dysplasias, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
| | - Elisabeth M W Eekhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine Section Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Rare Bone Disease Center Amsterdam, ERN BOND, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dimitra Micha
- Rare Bone Disease Center Amsterdam, ERN BOND, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Zhu YS, Mo TT, Jiang C, Zhang JN. Osteonectin bidirectionally regulates osteoblast mineralization. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:761. [PMID: 37807073 PMCID: PMC10561403 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04250-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether Osteonectin/Secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (ON/SPARC) had a two-way dose-dependent regulatory effect on osteoblast mineralization and its molecular mechanism. METHODS Initially, different concentrations of ON were added in osteoblasts, and the gene of bone sialoprotein (BSP), osteocalcin (OCN), osteopontin (OPN) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected using reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Secondly, based on the above results, the Optima and inhibitory concentration of ON for osteoblast mineralization were determined and regrouped, the Control group was also set up, and the gene detections of Collagen 1 (Col 1), Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) and p38 mitogen‑activated protein kinase were added using RT-PCR. In the third stage of the experiment, osteoblasts were pretreated with 0.4Mm ethyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (DHB) (a specific inhibitor of collagen synthesis) for 3 h before adding the optima SPARC, the gene and protein expressions of OCN, OPN, BSP, ALP, DDR2, ALP, Col 1, DDR2 and P38 were detected by RT‑qPCR and western blot analysis, and the mineralized nodules were observed by alizarin red staining. RESULTS The results showed that the expression of OCN, OPN, BSP, ALP, DDR2, ALP, Col 1, DDR2 and P38 genes and proteins in osteoblasts were significantly enhanced by 1 ug/ml ON, 100 ug/ml ON or 1 ug/ml ON added with 3,4 DHB significantly inhibited the expressions of DDR2, P38 and the above-mentioned mineralization indexes, and significantly reduced the formation of mineralized nodules. CONCLUSION This study suggested that ON had a bidirectional dose-dependent regulatory effect on osteoblast mineralization, and the activation of P38 pathway by collagen binding to DDR2 was also an important molecular mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Sen Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Chuan'an Nan Road NO 333, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Mo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Chuan'an Nan Road NO 333, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chang Jiang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Chuan'an Nan Road NO 333, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang-Nan Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Wenling, Chuan'an Nan Road NO 333, Wenling, 317500, Zhejiang, China.
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Aida N, Saito A, Azuma T. Current Status of Next-Generation Sequencing in Bone Genetic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13802. [PMID: 37762102 PMCID: PMC10530486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has dramatically increased the speed and volume of genetic analysis. Furthermore, the range of applications of NGS is rapidly expanding to include genome, epigenome (such as DNA methylation), metagenome, and transcriptome analyses (such as RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing). NGS enables genetic research by offering various sequencing methods as well as combinations of methods. Bone tissue is the most important unit supporting the body and is a reservoir of calcium and phosphate ions, which are important for physical activity. Many genetic diseases affect bone tissues, possibly because metabolic mechanisms in bone tissue are complex. For instance, the presence of specialized immune cells called osteoclasts in the bone tissue, which absorb bone tissue and interact with osteoblasts in complex ways to support normal vital functions. Moreover, the many cell types in bones exhibit cell-specific proteins for their respective activities. Mutations in the genes encoding these proteins cause a variety of genetic disorders. The relationship between age-related bone tissue fragility (also called frailty) and genetic factors has recently attracted attention. Herein, we discuss the use of genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, and metagenomic analyses in bone genetic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Aida
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kandamisaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; (A.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Akiko Saito
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kandamisaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; (A.S.); (T.A.)
| | - Toshifumi Azuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kandamisaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan; (A.S.); (T.A.)
- Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, 2-9-18 Kandamisaki-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0061, Japan
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Kaur S, Roberts DD. Why do humans need thrombospondin-1? J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:485-493. [PMID: 36689135 PMCID: PMC10409698 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-023-00722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins comprise several families of secreted proteins that function in higher animals at the interface between cells and their surrounding extracellular matrix. Targeted gene disruptions that result in loss of viability in mice have revealed critical roles for several matricellular proteins in murine embryonic development, including two members of the cellular communication network (CCN) gene family. In contrast, mice lacking single or multiple members of the thrombospondin (THBS) gene family remain viable and fertile. The frequency of loss of function mutants, identified using human deep exome sequencing data, provided evidence that some of the essential genes in mice, including Ccn1, are also essential genes in humans. However, a deficit in loss of function mutants in humans indicated that THBS1 is also highly loss-intolerant. In addition to roles in embryonic development or adult reproduction, genes may be loss-intolerant in humans because their function is needed to survive environmental stresses that are encountered between birth and reproduction. Laboratory mice live in a protected environment that lacks the exposures to pathogens and injury that humans routinely face. However, subjecting Thbs1-/- mice to defined stresses has provided valuable insights into functions of thrombospondin-1 that could account for the loss-intolerance of THBS1 in humans. Stress response models using transgenic mice have identified protective functions of thrombospondin-1 in the cardiovascular system (red) and immune defenses (blue) that could account for its intolerance to loss of function mutants in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 Room 2S235, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1500, USA
| | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 10 Room 2S235, 10 Center Dr, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1500, USA.
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Hild V, Mellert K, Möller P, Barth TFE. Giant Cells of Various Lesions Are Characterised by Different Expression Patterns of HLA-Molecules and Molecules Involved in the Cell Cycle, Bone Metabolism, and Lineage Affiliation: An Immunohistochemical Study with a Review of the Literature. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3702. [PMID: 37509363 PMCID: PMC10377796 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Giant cells (GCs) are thought to originate from the fusion of monocytic lineage cells and arise amid multiple backgrounds. To compare GCs of different origins, we immunohistochemically characterised the GCs of reactive and neoplastic lesions (n = 47). We studied the expression of 15 molecules including HLA class II molecules those relevant to the cell cycle, bone metabolism and lineage affiliation. HLA-DR was detectable in the GCs of sarcoidosis, sarcoid-like lesions, tuberculosis, and foreign body granuloma. Cyclin D1 was expressed by the GCs of neoplastic lesions as well as the GCs of bony callus, fibroid epulis, and brown tumours. While cyclin E was detected in the GCs of all lesions, p16 and p21 showed a heterogeneous expression pattern. RANK was expressed by the GCs of all lesions except sarcoid-like lesions and xanthogranuloma. All GCs were RANK-L-negative, and the GCs of all lesions were osteoprotegerin-positive. Osteonectin was limited to the GCs of chondroblastoma. Osteopontin and TRAP were detected in the GCs of all lesions except xanthogranuloma. RUNX2 was heterogeneously expressed in the reactive and neoplastic cohort. The GCs of all lesions except foreign body granuloma expressed CD68, and all GCs were CD163- and langerin-negative. This profiling points to a functional diversity of GCs despite their similar morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Hild
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Kevin Mellert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas F E Barth
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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Panzaru MC, Florea A, Caba L, Gorduza EV. Classification of osteogenesis imperfecta: Importance for prophylaxis and genetic counseling. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:2604-2620. [PMID: 37214584 PMCID: PMC10198117 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i12.2604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetically heterogeneous monogenic disease characterized by decreased bone mass, bone fragility, and recurrent fractures. The phenotypic spectrum varies considerably ranging from prenatal fractures with lethal outcomes to mild forms with few fractures and normal stature. The basic mechanism is a collagen-related defect, not only in synthesis but also in folding, processing, bone mineralization, or osteoblast function. In recent years, great progress has been made in identifying new genes and molecular mechanisms underlying OI. In this context, the classification of OI has been revised several times and different types are used. The Sillence classification, based on clinical and radiological characteristics, is currently used as a grading of clinical severity. Based on the metabolic pathway, the functional classification allows identifying regulatory elements and targeting specific therapeutic approaches. Genetic classification has the advantage of identifying the inheritance pattern, an essential element for genetic counseling and prophylaxis. Although genotype-phenotype correlations may sometimes be challenging, genetic diagnosis allows a personalized management strategy, accurate family planning, and pregnancy management decisions including options for mode of delivery, or early antenatal OI treatment. Future research on molecular pathways and pathogenic variants involved could lead to the development of genotype-based therapeutic approaches. This narrative review summarizes our current understanding of genes, molecular mechanisms involved in OI, classifications, and their utility in prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica-Cristina Panzaru
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
| | - Andreea Florea
- Department of Medical Genetics - Medical Genetics resident, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
| | - Lavinia Caba
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
| | - Eusebiu Vlad Gorduza
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi 700115, Romania
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Selina A, James D, Madhuri V. A Novel Biallelic Splice Site Variant in the SPARC Gene Causing Severe Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:626. [PMID: 36995644 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-023-04541-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Selina
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Christian Medical College, Ida Scudder Road, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Ida Scudder Road, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India
| | - Deeptiman James
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Christian Medical College, Ida Scudder Road, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vrisha Madhuri
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Christian Medical College, Ida Scudder Road, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Ida Scudder Road, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632004, India.
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12
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Fan Y, Lyu P, Bi R, Cui C, Xu R, Rosen CJ, Yuan Q, Zhou C. Creating an atlas of the bone microenvironment during oral inflammatory-related bone disease using single-cell profiling. eLife 2023; 12:82537. [PMID: 36722472 PMCID: PMC9925051 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral inflammatory diseases such as apical periodontitis are common bacterial infectious diseases that may affect the periapical alveolar bone tissues. A protective process occurs simultaneously with the inflammatory tissue destruction, in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a primary role. However, a systematic and precise description of the cellular and molecular composition of the microenvironment of bone affected by inflammation is lacking. In this study, we created a single-cell atlas of cell populations that compose alveolar bone in healthy and inflammatory disease states. We investigated changes in expression frequency and patterns related to apical periodontitis, as well as the interactions between MSCs and immunocytes. Our results highlight an enhanced self-supporting network and osteogenic potential within MSCs during apical periodontitis-associated inflammation. MSCs not only differentiated toward osteoblast lineage cells but also expressed higher levels of osteogenic-related markers, including Sparc and Col1a1. This was confirmed by lineage tracing in transgenic mouse models and human samples from oral inflammatory-related alveolar bone lesions. In summary, the current study provides an in-depth description of the microenvironment of MSCs and immunocytes in both healthy and disease states. We also identified key apical periodontitis-associated MSC subclusters and their biomarkers, which could further our understanding of the protective process and the underlying mechanisms of oral inflammatory-related bone disease. Taken together, these results enhance our understanding of heterogeneity and cellular interactions of alveolar bone cells under pathogenic and inflammatory conditions. We provide these data as a tool for investigators not only to better appreciate the repertoire of progenitors that are stress responsive but importantly to help design new therapeutic targets to restore bone lesions caused by apical periodontitis and other inflammatory-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ping Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Ruiye Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthognathic and TMJ Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chen Cui
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of StomatologyGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruoshi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | | | - Quan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Chenchen Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
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13
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Ghosh DK, Udupa P, Shrikondawar AN, Bhavani GS, Shah H, Ranjan A, Girisha KM. Mutant MESD links cellular stress to type I collagen aggregation in osteogenesis imperfecta type XX. Matrix Biol 2023; 115:81-106. [PMID: 36526215 PMCID: PMC7615836 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant forms of endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident chaperones are implicated in loss of protein quality control in rare diseases. Here we report a novel mutation (p.Asp233Asn) in the ER retention signal of MESD by whole exome sequencing of an individual diagnosed with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) type XX. While MESDD233N has similar stability and chaperone activity as wild-type MESD, its mislocalization to cytoplasm leads to imbalance of ER proteostasis, resulting in improper folding and aggregation of proteins, including LRP5 and type I collagen. Aggregated LRP5 loses its plasma membrane localization to disrupt the expression of WNT-responsive genes, such as BMP2, BMP4, in proband fibroblasts. We show that MESD is a direct chaperone of pro-α1(I) [COL1A1], and absence of MESDD233N in ER results in cytosolic type I collagen aggregates that remain mostly not secreted. While cytosolic type I collagen aggregates block the intercellular nanotubes, decreased extracellular type I collagen also results in loss of interaction of ITGB1 with type I collagen and weaker attachment of fibroblasts to matrix. Although proband fibroblasts show increased autophagy to degrade the aggregated type I collagen, an overall cellular stress overwhelms the proband fibroblasts. In summary, we present an essential chaperone function of MESD for LRP5 and type I collagen and demonstrating how the D233N mutation in MESD correlates with impaired WNT signaling and proteostasis in OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debasish Kumar Ghosh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| | - Prajna Udupa
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Akshaykumar Nanaji Shrikondawar
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, Telangana, India
| | - Gandham SriLakshmi Bhavani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Hitesh Shah
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Akash Ranjan
- Computational and Functional Genomics Group, Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, Hyderabad 500039, Telangana, India
| | - Katta M Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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14
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Thornley P, Bishop N, Baker D, Brock J, Arundel P, Burren C, Smithson S, DeVile C, Crowe B, Allgrove J, Saraff V, Shaw N, Balasubramanian M. Non-collagen pathogenic variants resulting in the osteogenesis imperfecta phenotype in children: a single-country observational cohort study. Arch Dis Child 2022; 107:486-490. [PMID: 34750202 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2021-322911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES In England, children (0-18 years) with severe, complex and atypical osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are managed by four centres (Birmingham, Bristol, London, Sheffield) in a 'Highly Specialised Service' (HSS OI); affected children with a genetic origin for their disease that is not in COL1A1 or COL1A2 form the majority of the 'atypical' group, which has set criteria for entry into the service. We have used the data from the service to assess the range and frequency of non-collagen pathogenic variants resulting in OI in a single country. METHODS Children with atypical OI were identified through the HSS OI service database. All genetic testing for children with OI in the service were undertaken at the Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service. Variant data were extracted and matched to individual patients. This study was done as part of a service evaluation project registered with the Sheffield Children's Hospital Clinical Governance Department. RESULTS One hundred of 337 children in the HSS met the 'atypical' criteria. Eighty have had genetic testing undertaken; 72 had genetic changes detected, 67 in 13 genes known to be causative for OI. The most frequently affected genes were IFITM5 (22), P3H1 (12), SERPINF1 (8) and BMP1 (6). CONCLUSION Among children with more severe forms of OI (approximately one-third of all children with OI), around 20% have pathogenic variants in non-collagen genes. IFITM5 was the most commonly affected gene, followed by genes within the P3H1 complex. These data provide additional information regarding the likelihood of different genetic origins of the disease in children with OI, which may influence clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Thornley
- The University of Sheffield Faculty of Medicine Dentistry and Health, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicholas Bishop
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Highly Specialised Osteogenesis Imperfecta Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Duncan Baker
- Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joanna Brock
- Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul Arundel
- Highly Specialised Osteogenesis Imperfecta Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Christine Burren
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Smithson
- Department of Clinical Genetics, St Michaels Hospital, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Catherine DeVile
- Department of Neurosciences, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Belinda Crowe
- Department of Neurosciences, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Jeremy Allgrove
- Department of Endocrinology, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Vrinda Saraff
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nick Shaw
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.,Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Meena Balasubramanian
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK .,Highly Specialised Osteogenesis Imperfecta Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.,Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
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15
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Abstract
Understanding the properties of bone is of both fundamental and clinical relevance. The basis of bone’s quality and mechanical resilience lies in its nanoscale building blocks (i.e., mineral, collagen, non-collagenous proteins, and water) and their complex interactions across length scales. Although the structure–mechanical property relationship in healthy bone tissue is relatively well characterized, not much is known about the molecular-level origin of impaired mechanics and higher fracture risks in skeletal disorders such as osteoporosis or Paget’s disease. Alterations in the ultrastructure, chemistry, and nano-/micromechanics of bone tissue in such a diverse group of diseased states have only been briefly explored. Recent research is uncovering the effects of several non-collagenous bone matrix proteins, whose deficiencies or mutations are, to some extent, implicated in bone diseases, on bone matrix quality and mechanics. Herein, we review existing studies on ultrastructural imaging—with a focus on electron microscopy—and chemical, mechanical analysis of pathological bone tissues. The nanometric details offered by these reports, from studying knockout mice models to characterizing exact disease phenotypes, can provide key insights into various bone pathologies and facilitate the development of new treatments.
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16
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Ghatan S, Costantini A, Li R, De Bruin C, Appelman-Dijkstra NM, Winter EM, Oei L, Medina-Gomez C. The Polygenic and Monogenic Basis of Paediatric Fractures. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2021; 19:481-493. [PMID: 33945105 PMCID: PMC8551106 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-021-00680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fractures are frequently encountered in paediatric practice. Although recurrent fractures in children usually unveil a monogenic syndrome, paediatric fracture risk could be shaped by the individual genetic background influencing the acquisition of bone mineral density, and therefore, the skeletal fragility as shown in adults. Here, we examine paediatric fractures from the perspective of monogenic and complex trait genetics. RECENT FINDINGS Large-scale genome-wide studies in children have identified ~44 genetic loci associated with fracture or bone traits whereas ~35 monogenic diseases characterized by paediatric fractures have been described. Genetic variation can predispose to paediatric fractures through monogenic risk variants with a large effect and polygenic risk involving many variants of small effects. Studying genetic factors influencing peak bone attainment might help in identifying individuals at higher risk of developing early-onset osteoporosis and discovering drug targets to be used as bone restorative pharmacotherapies to prevent, or even reverse, bone loss later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ghatan
- Translational Skeletal Genomics Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, Ee-571, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Costantini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Li
- Translational Skeletal Genomics Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, Ee-571, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C De Bruin
- Department of Paediatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - N M Appelman-Dijkstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E M Winter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - L Oei
- Translational Skeletal Genomics Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, Ee-571, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Carolina Medina-Gomez
- Translational Skeletal Genomics Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, Ee-571, 3015, GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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17
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Durkin A, DeVile C, Arundel P, Bull M, Walsh J, Bishop NJ, Hupin E, Parekh S, Nadarajah R, Offiah AC, Calder A, Brock J, Baker D, Balasubramanian M. Expanding the phenotype of SPARC-related osteogenesis imperfecta: clinical findings in two patients with pathogenic variants in SPARC and literature review. J Med Genet 2021; 59:810-816. [PMID: 34462290 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-107942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Secreted protein, acidic, cysteine rich (SPARC)-related osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), also referred to as OI type XVII, was first described in 2015, since then there has been only one further report of this form of OI. SPARC is located on chromosome 5 between bands q31 and q33. The encoded protein is necessary for calcification of the collagen in bone, synthesis of extracellular matrix and the promotion of changes to cell shape. METHODS We describe a further two patients with previously unreported homozygous SPARC variants with OI: one splice site; one nonsense pathogenic variant. We present detailed information on the clinical and radiological phenotype and correlate this with their genotype. There are only two previous reports by Mendozo-Londono et al and Hayat et al with clinical descriptions of patients with SPARC variants. RESULTS From the data we have obtained, common clinical features in individuals with OI type XVII caused by SPARC variants include scoliosis (5/5), vertebral compression fractures (5/5), multiple long bone fractures (5/5) and delayed motor development (3/3). Interestingly, 2/4 patients also had abnormal brain MRI, including high subcortical white matter changes, abnormal fluid-attenuated inversion in the para-atrial white matter and a large spinal canal from T10 to L1. Of significance, both patients reported here presented with significant neuromuscular weakness prompting early workup. CONCLUSION Common phenotypic expressions include delayed motor development with neuromuscular weakness, scoliosis and multiple fractures. The data presented here broaden the phenotypic spectrum establishing similar patterns of neuromuscular presentation with a presumed diagnosis of 'myopathy'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Durkin
- The University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Catherine DeVile
- Highly Specialised OI Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Paul Arundel
- Highly Specialised OI Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Mary Bull
- Metabolic Bone Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jennifer Walsh
- Metabolic Bone Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Nicholas J Bishop
- Highly Specialised OI Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Emilie Hupin
- Highly Specialised OI Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Susan Parekh
- Eastman Dental Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ramesh Nadarajah
- Highly Specialised OI Service, Great Ormond Street Hospital For Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Amaka C Offiah
- Highly Specialised OI Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.,Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Alistair Calder
- Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Joanna Brock
- Connective Tissue Disorders Service, Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Duncan Baker
- Connective Tissue Disorders Service, Sheffield Diagnostic Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | - Meena Balasubramanian
- Highly Specialised OI Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK .,Department of Oncology & Metabolism, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Sheffield Clinical Genetics Service, Sheffield Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
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18
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Wang T, Wagner A, Gehwolf R, Yan W, Passini FS, Thien C, Weissenbacher N, Lin Z, Lehner C, Teng H, Wittner C, Zheng Q, Dai J, Ni M, Wang A, Papadimitriou J, Leys T, Tuan RS, Senck S, Snedeker JG, Tempfer H, Jiang Q, Zheng MH, Traweger A. Load-induced regulation of tendon homeostasis by SPARC, a genetic predisposition factor for tendon and ligament injuries. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:13/582/eabe5738. [PMID: 33627488 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abe5738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tendons and tendon interfaces have a very limited regenerative capacity, rendering their injuries clinically challenging to resolve. Tendons sense muscle-mediated load; however, our knowledge on how loading affects tendon structure and functional adaption remains fragmentary. Here, we provide evidence that the matricellular protein secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) is critically involved in the mechanobiology of tendons and is required for tissue maturation, homeostasis, and enthesis development. We show that tendon loading at the early postnatal stage leads to tissue hypotrophy and impaired maturation of Achilles tendon enthesis in Sparc -/- mice. Treadmill training revealed a higher prevalence of spontaneous tendon ruptures and a net catabolic adaptation in Sparc -/- mice. Tendon hypoplasia was attenuated in Sparc -/- mice in response to muscle unloading with botulinum toxin A. In vitro culture of Sparc -/- three-dimensional tendon constructs showed load-dependent impairment of ribosomal S6 kinase activation, resulting in reduced type I collagen synthesis. Further, functional calcium imaging revealed that lower stresses were required to trigger mechanically induced responses in Sparc -/- tendon fascicles. To underscore the clinical relevance of the findings, we further demonstrate that a missense mutation (p.Cys130Gln) in the follistatin-like domain of SPARC, which causes impaired protein secretion and type I collagen fibrillogenesis, is associated with tendon and ligament injuries in patients. Together, our results demonstrate that SPARC is a key extracellular matrix protein essential for load-induced tendon tissue maturation and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia.,Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People'sHospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Andrea Wagner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University-Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Gehwolf
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University-Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wenjin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fabian S Passini
- University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christine Thien
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia
| | - Nadja Weissenbacher
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University-Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Zhen Lin
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia.,Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People'sHospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Christine Lehner
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University-Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Huajian Teng
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Disease, Model Animal Research Center (MARC), Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Claudia Wittner
- Computed Tomography Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Qiujian Zheng
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People'sHospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Jin Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia.,Department of Orthopaedics, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Allan Wang
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia
| | - John Papadimitriou
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia.,PathWest Laboratories, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Toby Leys
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.,Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sasha Senck
- Computed Tomography Research Group, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria
| | - Jess G Snedeker
- University Hospital Balgrist, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Herbert Tempfer
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University-Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Ming H Zheng
- Centre for Orthopaedic Translational Research, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009,Australia. .,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Andreas Traweger
- Institute of Tendon and Bone Regeneration, Paracelsus Medical University-Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria. .,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, 1200 Vienna, Austria
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19
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Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disease characterised by altered bone tissue material properties together with abnormal micro and macro-architecture and thus bone fragility, increased bone turnover and hyperosteocytosis. Increasingly appreciated are the soft tissue changes, sarcopenia in particular. Approaches to treatment are now multidisciplinary, with bisphosphonates having been the primary pharmacological intervention over the last 20 years. Whilst meta-analyses suggest that anti-fracture efficacy across the life course is equivocal, there is good evidence that for children bisphosphonates reduce fracture risk, increase vertebral size and improve vertebral shape, as well as improving motor function and mobility. The genetics of OI continues to provide insights into the molecular pathogenesis of the disease, although the pathophysiology is less clear. The complexity of the multi-scale interactions of bone tissue with cellular function are gradually being disentangled, but the fundamental question of why increased tissue brittleness should be associated with so many other changes is unclear; ER stress, pro-inflammatory cytokines, accelerated senesence and altered matrix component release might all contribute, but a unifying hypothesis remains elusive. New approaches to therapy are focussed on increasing bone mass, following the paradigm established by the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. For adults, this brings the prospect of restoring previously lost bone - for children, particularly at the severe end of the spectrum, the possibility of further reducing fracture frequency and possibly altering growth and long term function are attractive. The alternatives that might affect tissue brittleness are autophagy enhancement (through the removal of abnormal type I collagen aggregates) and stem cell transplantation - both still at the preclinical stage of assessment. Preclinical assessment is not supportive of targeting inflammatory pathways, although understanding why TGFb signalling is increased, and whether that presents a treatment target in OI, remains to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fawaz Arshad
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK
| | - Nick Bishop
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, S10 2TH, UK.
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20
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Claeys L, Storoni S, Eekhoff M, Elting M, Wisse L, Pals G, Bravenboer N, Maugeri A, Micha D. Collagen transport and related pathways in Osteogenesis Imperfecta. Hum Genet 2021; 140:1121-1141. [PMID: 34169326 PMCID: PMC8263409 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02302-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) comprises a heterogeneous group of patients who share bone fragility and deformities as the main characteristics, albeit with different degrees of severity. Phenotypic variation also exists in other connective tissue aspects of the disease, complicating disease classification and disease course prediction. Although collagen type I defects are long established as the primary cause of the bone pathology, we are still far from comprehending the complete mechanism. In the last years, the advent of next generation sequencing has triggered the discovery of many new genetic causes for OI, helping to draw its molecular landscape. It has become clear that, in addition to collagen type I genes, OI can be caused by multiple proteins connected to different parts of collagen biosynthesis. The production of collagen entails a complex process, starting from the production of the collagen Iα1 and collagen Iα2 chains in the endoplasmic reticulum, during and after which procollagen is subjected to a plethora of posttranslational modifications by chaperones. After reaching the Golgi organelle, procollagen is destined to the extracellular matrix where it forms collagen fibrils. Recently discovered mutations in components of the retrograde transport of chaperones highlight its emerging role as critical contributor of OI development. This review offers an overview of collagen regulation in the context of recent gene discoveries, emphasizing the significance of transport disruptions in the OI mechanism. We aim to motivate exploration of skeletal fragility in OI from the perspective of these pathways to identify regulatory points which can hint to therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauria Claeys
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Silvia Storoni
- Department of Internal Medicine Section Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marelise Eekhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine Section Endocrinology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mariet Elting
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lisanne Wisse
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pals
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nathalie Bravenboer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam /UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Maugeri
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dimitra Micha
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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21
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Nikoloudaki G. Functions of Matricellular Proteins in Dental Tissues and Their Emerging Roles in Orofacial Tissue Development, Maintenance, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126626. [PMID: 34205668 PMCID: PMC8235165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins (MCPs) are defined as extracellular matrix (ECM) associated proteins that are important regulators and integrators of microenvironmental signals, contributing to the dynamic nature of ECM signalling. There is a growing understanding of the role of matricellular proteins in cellular processes governing tissue development as well as in disease pathogenesis. In this review, the expression and functions of different MP family members (periostin, CCNs, TSPs, SIBLINGs and others) are presented, specifically in relation to craniofacial development and the maintenance of orofacial tissues, including bone, gingiva, oral mucosa, palate and the dental pulp. As will be discussed, each MP family member has been shown to have non-redundant roles in development, tissue homeostasis, wound healing, pathology and tumorigenesis of orofacial and dental tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgia Nikoloudaki
- Schulich Dentistry Department, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; ; Tel.: +1-519-661-2111 (ext. 81102)
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
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22
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Zaripova AR, Khusainova RI. Modern classification and molecular-genetic aspects of osteogenesis imperfecta. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2021; 24:219-227. [PMID: 33659802 PMCID: PMC7716575 DOI: 10.18699/vj20.614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (imperfect osteogenesis in the Russian literature) is the most common hereditary form of bone fragility, it is a genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease with a wide range of clinical severity, often leading to disability from early childhood. It is based on genetic disorders leading to a violation of the structure of bone tissue, which leads to frequent fractures, impaired growth and posture, with the development of characteristic disabling bone deformities and associated problems, including respiratory, neurological, cardiac, renal impairment, hearing loss. Osteogenesis imperfecta occurs in both men and women, the disease is inherited in both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive types, there are sporadic cases of the disease due to de novo mutations, as well as X-linked forms. The term "osteogenesis imperfecta" was coined by W. Vrolick in the 1840s. The first classification of the disease was made in 1979 and has been repeatedly reviewed due to the identification of the molecular cause of the disease and the discovery of new mechanisms for the development of osteogenesis imperfecta. In the early 1980s, mutations in two genes of collagen type I (COL1A1 and COL1A2) were first associated with an autosomal dominant inheritance type of osteogenesis imperfecta. Since then, 18 more genes have been identified whose products are involved in the formation and mineralization of bone tissue. The degree of genetic heterogeneity of the disease has not yet been determined, researchers continue to identify new genes involved in its pathogenesis, the number of which has reached 20. In the last decade, it has become known that autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant and X-linked mutations in a wide range of genes, encoding proteins that are involved in the synthesis of type I collagen, its processing, secretion and post-translational modification, as well as in proteins that regulate the differentiation and activity of bone-forming cells, cause imperfect osteogenesis. A large number of causative genes complicated the classical classification of the disease and, due to new advances in the molecular basis of the disease, the classification of the disease is constantly being improved. In this review, we systematized and summarized information on the results of studies in the field of clinical and genetic aspects of osteogenesis imperfecta and reflected the current state of the classification criteria for diagnosing the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Zaripova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia
| | - R I Khusainova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics - Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia Republican Medical-Genetic Center, Ufa, Russia
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23
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Kaur S, Roberts DD. Differential intolerance to loss of function and missense mutations in genes that encode human matricellular proteins. J Cell Commun Signal 2021; 15:93-105. [PMID: 33415696 PMCID: PMC7904989 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00598-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted gene disruption in mice has provided valuable insights into the functions of matricellular proteins. Apart from missense and loss of function mutations that have been associated with inherited diseases, however, their functions in humans remain unclear. The availability of deep exome sequencing data from over 140,000 individuals in the Genome Aggregation Database provided an opportunity to examine intolerance to loss of function and missense mutations in human matricellular genes. The probability of loss-of-function intolerance (pLI) differed widely within members of the thrombospondin, CYR61/CTGF/NOV (CCN), tenascin, small integrin-binding ligand N-linked glycoproteins (SIBLING), and secreted protein, acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC) gene families. Notably, pLI values in humans had limited correlation with viability of the corresponding homozygous null mice. Among the thrombospondins, only THBS1 was highly loss-intolerant (pLI = 1). In contrast, Thbs1 is not essential for viability in mice. Several known thrombospondin-1 receptors were similarly loss-intolerant, although thrombospondin-1 is not the exclusive ligand for some of these receptors. The frequencies of missense mutations in THBS1 and the gene encoding its signaling receptor CD47 indicated conservation of some residues implicated in specific receptor binding. Deficits in missense mutations were also observed for other thrombospondin genes and for SPARC, SPOCK1, SPOCK2, TNR, and DSPP. The intolerance of THBS1 to loss of function in humans and elevated pLI values for THBS2, SPARC, SPOCK1, TNR, and CCN1 support important functions for these matricellular protein genes in humans, some of which may relate to functions in reproduction or responding to environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 10 Room 2S235, 10 Center Drive MSC1500, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1500, USA.
| | - David D Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Building 10 Room 2S235, 10 Center Drive MSC1500, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1500, USA.
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24
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El-Gazzar A, Högler W. Mechanisms of Bone Fragility: From Osteogenesis Imperfecta to Secondary Osteoporosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020625. [PMID: 33435159 PMCID: PMC7826666 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone material strength is determined by several factors, such as bone mass, matrix composition, mineralization, architecture and shape. From a clinical perspective, bone fragility is classified as primary (i.e., genetic and rare) or secondary (i.e., acquired and common) osteoporosis. Understanding the mechanism of rare genetic bone fragility disorders not only advances medical knowledge on rare diseases, it may open doors for drug development for more common disorders (i.e., postmenopausal osteoporosis). In this review, we highlight the main disease mechanisms underlying the development of human bone fragility associated with low bone mass known to date. The pathways we focus on are type I collagen processing, WNT-signaling, TGF-ß signaling, the RANKL-RANK system and the osteocyte mechanosensing pathway. We demonstrate how the discovery of most of these pathways has led to targeted, pathway-specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wolfgang Högler
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)5-7680-84-22001; Fax: +43-(0)5-7680-84-22004
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25
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Intracellular and Extracellular Markers of Lethality in Osteogenesis Imperfecta: A Quantitative Proteomic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22010429. [PMID: 33406681 PMCID: PMC7795927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disorder that mainly affects the skeleton. The inheritance is mostly autosomal dominant and associated to mutations in one of the two genes, COL1A1 and COL1A2, encoding for the type I collagen α chains. According to more than 1500 described mutation sites and to outcome spanning from very mild cases to perinatal-lethality, OI is characterized by a wide genotype/phenotype heterogeneity. In order to identify common affected molecular-pathways and disease biomarkers in OI probands with different mutations and lethal or surviving phenotypes, primary fibroblasts from dominant OI patients, carrying COL1A1 or COL1A2 defects, were investigated by applying a Tandem Mass Tag labeling-Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (TMT LC-MS/MS) proteomics approach and bioinformatic tools for comparative protein-abundance profiling. While no difference in α1 or α2 abundance was detected among lethal (type II) and not-lethal (type III) OI patients, 17 proteins, with key effects on matrix structure and organization, cell signaling, and cell and tissue development and differentiation, were significantly different between type II and type III OI patients. Among them, some non-collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (e.g., decorin and fibrillin-1) and proteins modulating cytoskeleton (e.g., nestin and palladin) directly correlate to the severity of the disease. Their defective presence may define proband-failure in balancing aberrances related to mutant collagen.
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26
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Chetty M, Roomaney IA, Beighton P. The evolution of the nosology of osteogenesis imperfecta. Clin Genet 2020; 99:42-52. [PMID: 32901963 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a relatively common genetic skeletal disorder with an estimated frequency of 1 in 20 000 worldwide. The manifestations are diverse and although individually rare, the several different forms contribute to the production of a significant number of affected individuals with considerable morbidity and mortality. During the last decade, there have been extensive molecular investigations into the etiology of OI and these advances have direct relevance to the medical management of the disorder, and the purpose of this review is to document the history and evolution of the nosology of OI. The current nosology, based on molecular concepts, which are crucial in the identification of genotype-phenotype correlations in persons with OI, is also outlined. The successive revisions of the nosology and classification of OI have highlighted the importance of the nomenclature of the condition in order for it to be recognized by clinicians, scientists and patient advocacy groups. In this way, improved counseling of patients and individualized, tailored therapeutic approaches based on the underlying pathophysiology of the individual's type of OI have been facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manogari Chetty
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.,University of the Western Cape/University of Cape Town Combined Dental Genetics Clinic, Red Cross Childrens' Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Imaan Amina Roomaney
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.,University of the Western Cape/University of Cape Town Combined Dental Genetics Clinic, Red Cross Childrens' Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter Beighton
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Human Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,University of the Western Cape/University of Cape Town Combined Dental Genetics Clinic, Red Cross Childrens' Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
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27
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Etich J, Rehberg M, Eckes B, Sengle G, Semler O, Zaucke F. Signaling pathways affected by mutations causing osteogenesis imperfecta. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109789. [PMID: 32980496 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous connective tissue disorder characterized by bone fragility and skeletal deformity. To maintain skeletal strength and integrity, bone undergoes constant remodeling of its extracellular matrix (ECM) tightly controlled by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. There are at least 20 recognized OI-forms caused by mutations in the two collagen type I-encoding genes or genes implicated in collagen folding, posttranslational modifications or secretion of collagen, osteoblast differentiation and function, or bone mineralization. The underlying disease mechanisms of non-classical forms of OI that are not caused by collagen type I mutations are not yet completely understood, but an altered ECM structure as well as disturbed intracellular homeostasis seem to be the main defects. The ECM orchestrates local cell behavior in part by regulating bioavailability of signaling molecules through sequestration, release and activation during the constant bone remodeling process. Here, we provide an overview of signaling pathways that are associated with known OI-causing genes and discuss the impact of these genes on signal transduction. These pathways include WNT-, RANK/RANKL-, TGFβ-, MAPK- and integrin-mediated signaling as well as the unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Etich
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt/Main, 60528, Germany.
| | - Mirko Rehberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Beate Eckes
- Translational Matrix Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany; Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany; Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Oliver Semler
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany; Center for Rare Diseases, University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne 50931, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt/Main, 60528, Germany
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28
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Etich J, Leßmeier L, Rehberg M, Sill H, Zaucke F, Netzer C, Semler O. Osteogenesis imperfecta-pathophysiology and therapeutic options. Mol Cell Pediatr 2020; 7:9. [PMID: 32797291 PMCID: PMC7427672 DOI: 10.1186/s40348-020-00101-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare congenital disease with a wide spectrum of severity characterized by skeletal deformity and increased bone fragility as well as additional, variable extraskeletal symptoms. Here, we present an overview of the genetic heterogeneity and pathophysiological background of OI as well as OI-related bone fragility disorders and highlight current therapeutic options. The most common form of OI is caused by mutations in the two collagen type I genes. Stop mutations usually lead to reduced collagen amount resulting in a mild phenotype, while missense mutations mainly provoke structural alterations in the collagen protein and entail a more severe phenotype. Numerous other causal genes have been identified during the last decade that are involved in collagen biosynthesis, modification and secretion, the differentiation and function of osteoblasts, and the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Management of patients with OI involves medical treatment by bisphosphonates as the most promising therapy to inhibit bone resorption and thereby facilitate bone formation. Surgical treatment ensures pain reduction and healing without an increase of deformities. Timely remobilization and regular strengthening of the muscles by physiotherapy are crucial to improve mobility, prevent muscle wasting and avoid bone resorption caused by immobilization. Identification of the pathomechanism for SERPINF1 mutations led to the development of a tailored mechanism-based therapy using denosumab, and unraveling further pathomechanisms will likely open new avenues for innovative treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Etich
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Lennart Leßmeier
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Human Genetics, Cologne, Germany
| | - Mirko Rehberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helge Sill
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Christian Netzer
- University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Institute of Human Genetics, Cologne, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for rare diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Oliver Semler
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, Cologne, Germany. .,Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Center for rare diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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29
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Surowiec RK, Battle LF, Schlecht SH, Wojtys EM, Caird MS, Kozloff KM. Gene Expression Profile and Acute Gene Expression Response to Sclerostin Inhibition in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Bone. JBMR Plus 2020; 4:e10377. [PMID: 32803109 PMCID: PMC7422710 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sclerostin antibody (SclAb) therapy has been suggested as a novel therapeutic approach toward addressing the fragility phenotypic of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Observations of cellular and transcriptional responses to SclAb in OI have been limited to mouse models of the disorder, leaving a paucity of data on the human OI osteoblastic cellular response to the treatment. Here, we explore factors associated with response to SclAb therapy in vitro and in a novel xenograft model using OI bone tissue derived from pediatric patients. Bone isolates (approximately 2 mm3) from OI patients (OI type III, type III/IV, and type IV, n = 7; non-OI control, n = 5) were collected to media, randomly assigned to an untreated (UN), low-dose SclAb (TRL, 2.5 μg/mL), or high-dose SclAb (TRH, 25 μg/mL) group, and maintained in vitro at 37°C. Treatment occurred on days 2 and 4 and was removed on day 5 for TaqMan qPCR analysis of genes related to the Wnt pathway. A subset of bone was implanted s.c. into an athymic mouse, representing our xenograft model, and treated (25 mg/kg s.c. 2×/week for 2/4 weeks). Implanted OI bone was evaluated using μCT and histomorphometry. Expression of Wnt/Wnt-related targets varied among untreated OI bone isolates. When treated with SclAb, OI bone showed an upregulation in osteoblast and osteoblast progenitor markers, which was heterogeneous across tissue. Interestingly, the greatest magnitude of response generally corresponded to samples with low untreated expression of progenitor markers. Conversely, samples with high untreated expression of these markers showed a lower response to treatment. in vivo implanted OI bone showed a bone-forming response to SclAb via μCT, which was corroborated by histomorphometry. SclAb induced downstream Wnt targets WISP1 and TWIST1, and elicited a compensatory response in Wnt inhibitors SOST and DKK1 in OI bone with the greatest magnitude from OI cortical bone. Understanding patients' genetic, cellular, and morphological bone phenotypes may play an important role in predicting treatment response. This information may aid in clinical decision-making for pharmacological interventions designed to address fragility in OI. © 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Surowiec
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Lauren F Battle
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Stephen H Schlecht
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Edward M Wojtys
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Michelle S Caird
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Kenneth M Kozloff
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
- Department of Orthopaedic SurgeryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
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30
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Hayat A, Hussain S, Bilal M, Kausar M, Almuzzaini B, Abbas S, Tanveer A, Khan A, Siddiqi S, Foo JN, Ahmad F, Khan F, Khan B, Anees M, Mäkitie O, Alfadhel M, Ahmad W, Umair M. Biallelic variants in four genes underlying recessive osteogenesis imperfecta. Eur J Med Genet 2020; 63:103954. [PMID: 32413570 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2020.103954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is an inherited heterogeneous rare skeletal disorder characterized by increased bone fragility and low bone mass. The disorder mostly segregates in an autosomal dominant manner. However, several rare autosomal recessive and X-linked forms, caused by mutations in 18 different genes, have also been described in the literature. Here, we present five consanguineous families segregating OI in an autosomal recessive pattern. Affected individuals in the five families presented severe forms of skeletal deformities. It included frequent bone fractures with abnormal healing, short stature, facial dysmorphism, osteopenia, joint laxity, and severe scoliosis. In order to search for the causative variants, DNA of at least one affected individual in three families (A-C) were subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES). In two other families (D-E), linkage analysis using highly polymorphic microsatellite markers was followed by Sanger sequencing. Sequence analysis revealed two novels and three previously reported disease-causing variants. The two novel homozygous variants including [c.824G > A; p.(Cys275Tyr)] in the SP7 gene and [c.397C > T, p.(Gln133*)] in the SERPINF1 gene were identified in families A and B, respectively. The three previously reported homozygous variants including [c.497G > A; p.(Arg166His)] in the SPARC gene, (c.359-3C > G; intron 2) and [c.677C > T; p.(Ser226Leu)] in the WNT1 gene were identified in family C, D, and E. In conclusion, our findings provided additional evidence of involvement of homozygous sequence variants in the SP7, SERPINF1, SPARC and WNT1 genes causing severe OI. It also highlights the importance of extensive genetic investigations to search for the culprit gene in each case of skeletal deformity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hayat
- Department Biochemistry, Faculty of Life and Chemical Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Shabir Hussain
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mehran Kausar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan; Rehman College of Allied Health Sciences, RMI, Phase-5, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Bader Almuzzaini
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safdar Abbas
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Adeena Tanveer
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Amjad Khan
- Laboratoire d'ImmunoRhumatologie Moléculaire, Plateforme GENOMAX, INSERM UMR_S 1109, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), LabEx TRANSPLANTEX, Université de Strasbourg, 67085, Strasbourg, France; Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Plateau Technique de Biologie, Pôle de Biologie, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 Place de l'Hôpital, 67091, Strasbourg, France
| | - Saima Siddiqi
- Institute of Biomedical & Genetic Engineering (IB&GE), Mauve area, G-9, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Human Genetics, Genome Institute of Singapore, A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Farooq Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Women University Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan
| | - Feroz Khan
- Department of Zoology and Biology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Bushra Khan
- Department Biochemistry, Faculty of Life and Chemical Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Mariam Anees
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Medical Genomics Research Department, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, P.O. Box 3660, Riyadh, 11481, Saudi Arabia.
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31
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Fernandes AM, Rocha-Braz MGM, França MM, Lerario AM, Simões VRF, Zanardo EA, Kulikowski LD, Martin RM, Mendonca BB, Ferraz-de-Souza B. The molecular landscape of osteogenesis imperfecta in a Brazilian tertiary service cohort. Osteoporos Int 2020; 31:1341-1352. [PMID: 32123938 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05366-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We have sought the molecular diagnosis of OI in 38 Brazilian cases through targeted sequencing of 15 candidate genes. While 71% had type 1 collagen-related OI, defects in FKBP10, PLOD2 and SERPINF1, and a potential digenic P3H1/WNT1 interaction were prominent causes of OI in this underrepresented population. INTRODUCTION Defects in type 1 collagen reportedly account for 85-90% of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) cases, but most available molecular data has derived from Sanger sequencing-based approaches in developed countries. Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) allows for systematic and comprehensive analysis of OI genes simultaneously. Our objective was to obtain the molecular diagnosis of OI in a single Brazilian tertiary center cohort. METHODS Forty-nine individuals (84% adults) with a clinical diagnosis of OI, corresponding to 30 sporadic and 8 familial cases, were studied. Sixty-three percent had moderate to severe OI, and consanguinity was common (26%). Coding regions and 25-bp boundaries of 15 OI genes (COL1A1, COL1A2, IFITM5 [plus 5'UTR], SERPINF1, CRTAP, P3H1, PPIB, SERPINH1, FKBP10, PLOD2, BMP1, SP7, TMEM38B, WNT1, CREB3L1) were analyzed by targeted MPS and variants of interest were confirmed by Sanger sequencing or SNP array. RESULTS A molecular diagnosis was obtained in 97% of cases. COL1A1/COL1A2 variants were identified in 71%, whereas 26% had variants in other genes, predominantly FKBP10, PLOD2, and SERPINF1. A potential digenic interaction involving P3H1 and WNT1 was identified in one case. Phenotypic variability with collagen defects could not be explained by evident modifying variants. Four consanguineous cases were associated to heterozygous COL1A1/COL1A2 variants, and two nonconsanguineous cases had compound PLOD2 heterozygosity. CONCLUSIONS Novel disease-causing variants were identified in 29%, and a higher proportion of non-collagen defects was seen. Obtaining a precise diagnosis of OI in underrepresented populations allows expanding our understanding of its molecular landscape, potentially leading to improved personalized care in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Fernandes
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular LIM-25 e Unidade de Doencas Osteometabolicas, Divisao de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M G M Rocha-Braz
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular LIM-25 e Unidade de Doencas Osteometabolicas, Divisao de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - M M França
- Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular LIM-42, Divisao de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - A M Lerario
- Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular LIM-42, Divisao de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Laboratorio de Sequenciamento em Larga Escala (SELA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V R F Simões
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular LIM-25 e Unidade de Doencas Osteometabolicas, Divisao de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - E A Zanardo
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - L D Kulikowski
- Laboratorio de Citogenomica, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - R M Martin
- Laboratorio de Hormonios e Genetica Molecular LIM-42, Divisao de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - B B Mendonca
- Laboratorio de Sequenciamento em Larga Escala (SELA), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B Ferraz-de-Souza
- Laboratorio de Endocrinologia Celular e Molecular LIM-25 e Unidade de Doencas Osteometabolicas, Divisao de Endocrinologia, Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Zhytnik L, Simm K, Salumets A, Peters M, Märtson A, Maasalu K. Reproductive options for families at risk of Osteogenesis Imperfecta: a review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2020; 15:128. [PMID: 32460820 PMCID: PMC7251694 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-020-01404-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic disorder involving bone fragility. OI patients typically suffer from numerous fractures, skeletal deformities, shortness of stature and hearing loss. The disorder is characterised by genetic and clinical heterogeneity. Pathogenic variants in more than 20 different genes can lead to OI, and phenotypes can range from mild to lethal forms. As a genetic disorder which undoubtedly affects quality of life, OI significantly alters the reproductive confidence of families at risk. The current review describes a selection of the latest reproductive approaches which may be suitable for prospective parents faced with a risk of OI. The aim of the review is to alleviate suffering in relation to family planning around OI, by enabling prospective parents to make informed and independent decisions. Main body The current review provides a comprehensive overview of possible reproductive options for people with OI and for unaffected carriers of OI pathogenic genetic variants. The review considers reproductive options across all phases of family planning, including pre-pregnancy, fertilisation, pregnancy, and post-pregnancy. Special attention is given to the more modern techniques of assisted reproduction, such as preconception carrier screening, preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases and non-invasive prenatal testing. The review outlines the methodologies of the different reproductive approaches available to OI families and highlights their advantages and disadvantages. These are presented as a decision tree, which takes into account the autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive nature of the OI variants, and the OI-related risks of people without OI. The complex process of decision-making around OI reproductive options is also discussed from an ethical perspective. Conclusion The rapid development of molecular techniques has led to the availability of a wide variety of reproductive options for prospective parents faced with a risk of OI. However, such options may raise ethical concerns in terms of methodologies, choice management and good clinical practice in reproductive care, which are yet to be fully addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiia Zhytnik
- Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kadri Simm
- Institute of Philosophy and Semiotics, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Centre of Ethics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,COMBIVET ERA Chair, Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maire Peters
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Aare Märtson
- Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katre Maasalu
- Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Rehberg M, Etich J, Leßmeier L, Sill H, Netzer C, Semler O. Osteogenesis imperfecta – Pathophysiologie und aktuelle Behandlungsstrategien. MED GENET-BERLIN 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11825-020-00287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Die Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) ist eine angeborene Erkrankung des Knochens und Bindegewebes. Sie geht mit einer erhöhten Frakturneigung, Deformierung der Extremität, aber auch mit extraskelettalen Symptomen einher. Nach einer kurzen Darstellung von Klinik, Diagnostik und aktueller Therapie folgt ein umfassender Überblick über die genetischen und pathophysiologischen Grundlagen der Erkrankung und die daraus abgeleiteten zukünftigen therapeutischen Möglichkeiten.
Ungefähr 80 % der Patienten haben eine Mutation in den Kollagen-Genen COL1A1 und COL1A2. Bei diesen Patienten ist für das Kollektiv keine klare Genotyp-Phänotyp-Korrelation beschrieben. Stoppmutationen führen in der Regel zu einem quantitativen Kollagendefekt, wodurch weniger normales Kollagen gebildet wird und ein eher leichter Phänotyp entsteht. Missense-Mutationen führen zu strukturell verändertem Kollagen (qualitativer Defekt) und zu einem schwereren Phänotyp. Trotzdem gibt es Unterschiede und Vorhersagen über den individuellen Verlauf sind nur sehr eingeschränkt möglich. Neben Veränderungen in den Kollagen-Genen gibt es Mutationen, welche die Kollagenmodifikation und die Kollagensekretion betreffen. Eine eigene Gruppe bilden Gene, welche an der Osteoblastendifferenzierung beteiligt sind. Wie auch bei den weiteren, nicht näher zugeordneten Genen sind dies häufig übergeordnete Gene, deren Funktion in der Osteogenese nicht völlig verstanden ist.
Abgeleitet aus den pathophysiologischen Grundlagen, können vorhandene Medikamente zukünftig womöglich zielgerichtet eingesetzt werden. So ist der „Receptor-Activator-of-Nuclear-Factor-Kappa B-Ligand“ (RANKL)-Antikörper Denosumab spezifischer als Bisphosphonate und wird schon heute bei OI-Typ VI (SERPINF1) verwendet. Weitere Medikamente wie Anti-Sklerostin oder Stammzelltherapien werden unter Berücksichtigung der Pathophysiologie aktuell entwickelt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Rehberg
- 1 grid.6190.e 0000 0000 8580 3777 Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin Universität zu Köln Kerpenerstraße 62 50931 Köln Deutschland
| | - Julia Etich
- 2 grid.459906.7 0000 0001 0061 4027 Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Forschungsbereich für Arthrose Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Friedrichsheim gGmbH Frankfurt/Main Deutschland
| | - Lennart Leßmeier
- 3 grid.6190.e 0000 0000 8580 3777 Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Institut für Humangenetik Universität zu Köln 50931 Köln Deutschland
| | - Helge Sill
- 1 grid.6190.e 0000 0000 8580 3777 Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin Universität zu Köln Kerpenerstraße 62 50931 Köln Deutschland
| | - Christian Netzer
- 3 grid.6190.e 0000 0000 8580 3777 Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Institut für Humangenetik Universität zu Köln 50931 Köln Deutschland
| | - Oliver Semler
- 1 grid.6190.e 0000 0000 8580 3777 Medizinische Fakultät und Uniklinik Köln, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin Universität zu Köln Kerpenerstraße 62 50931 Köln Deutschland
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Guillemyn B, Kayserili H, Demuynck L, Sips P, De Paepe A, Syx D, Coucke PJ, Malfait F, Symoens S. A homozygous pathogenic missense variant broadens the phenotypic and mutational spectrum of CREB3L1-related osteogenesis imperfecta. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:1801-1809. [PMID: 30657919 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The cyclic adenosine monophosphate responsive element binding protein 3-like 1 (CREB3L1) gene codes for the endoplasmic reticulum stress transducer old astrocyte specifically induced substance (OASIS), which has an important role in osteoblast differentiation during bone development. Deficiency of OASIS is linked to a severe form of autosomal recessive osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), but only few patients have been reported. We identified the first homozygous pathogenic missense variant [p.(Ala304Val)] in a patient with lethal OI, which is located within the highly conserved basic leucine zipper domain, four amino acids upstream of the DNA binding domain. In vitro structural modeling and luciferase assays demonstrate that this missense variant affects a critical residue in this functional domain, thereby decreasing the type I collagen transcriptional binding ability. In addition, overexpression of the mutant OASIS protein leads to decreased transcription of the SEC23A and SEC24D genes, which code for components of the coat protein complex type II (COPII), and aberrant OASIS signaling also results in decreased protein levels of SEC24D. Our findings therefore provide additional proof of the potential involvement of the COPII secretory complex in the context of bone-associated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brecht Guillemyn
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hülya Kayserili
- KOÇUniversity School of Medicine (KUSoM) Medical Genetics Department, Topkapi Zeytinburnu, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Lynn Demuynck
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Sips
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anne De Paepe
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Delfien Syx
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul J Coucke
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fransiska Malfait
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sofie Symoens
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent, Ghent University Hospital, Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent, Belgium
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Abstract
New therapeutic approaches have been established in the field of rare skeletal diseases (e.g., for osteogenesis imperfecta, achondroplasia, hypophosphatemic rickets, hypophosphatasia, and fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva). After elucidation of the underlying genotypes and pathophysiologic alterations of these diseases, new treatment options have been designed. Most drugs are based on an interaction with the disease-specific cascade of enzymes and proteins involved in the disease. Thereby an approved treatment is available for children with severe forms of hypophosphatasia and hypophosphatemic rickets (asfotase alfa, burosumab). Additionally, there are different phase 3 trials ongoing assessing the efficacy and safety of drugs for osteogenesis imperfecta, achondroplasia, and fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (denosumab, vosoritide, palovarotene).Because all these diseases are rare, the number of investigated patients in the trials is small, and the knowledge about rare side effects and long-term outcome is limited. Therefore it is recommended to treat the patients in specialized centers where the effects of the drugs can be evaluated and data about safety, side effects, and efficacy can be collected.Based on the fact that most drugs for rare diseases are highly expensive clear indications for start of a treatment, evaluation of the therapy and recommendations how long a treatment has to be administrated are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Hoyer-Kuhn
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Eckhard Schönau
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Center for Prevention and Rehabilitation, Unireha, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Ohata Y, Takeyari S, Nakano Y, Kitaoka T, Nakayama H, Bizaoui V, Yamamoto K, Miyata K, Yamamoto K, Fujiwara M, Kubota T, Michigami T, Yamamoto K, Yamamoto T, Namba N, Ebina K, Yoshikawa H, Ozono K. Comprehensive genetic analyses using targeted next-generation sequencing and genotype-phenotype correlations in 53 Japanese patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteoporos Int 2019; 30:2333-2342. [PMID: 31363794 PMCID: PMC7083816 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-019-05076-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To elucidate mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in Japanese patients with OI, we conducted comprehensive genetic analyses using NGS, as this had not been analyzed comprehensively in this patient population. Most mutations were located on COL1A1 and COL1A2. Glycine substitutions in COL1A1 resulted in the severe phenotype. INTRODUCTION Most cases of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) are caused by mutations in COL1A1 or COL1A2, which encode α chains of type I collagen. However, mutations in at least 16 other genes also cause OI. The mutation spectrum in Japanese patients with OI has not been comprehensively analyzed, as it is difficult to identify using classical Sanger sequencing. In this study, we aimed to reveal the mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype correlations in Japanese patients with OI using next-generation sequencing (NGS). METHODS We designed a capture panel for sequencing 15 candidate OI genes and 19 candidate genes that are associated with bone fragility or Wnt signaling. Using NGS, we examined 53 Japanese patients with OI from unrelated families. RESULTS Pathogenic mutations were detected in 43 out of 53 individuals. All mutations were heterozygous. Among the 43 individuals, 40 variants were identified including 15 novel mutations. We found these mutations in COL1A1 (n = 30, 69.8%), COL1A2 (n = 12, 27.9%), and IFITM5 (n = 1, 2.3%). Patients with glycine substitution on COL1A1 had a higher frequency of fractures and were more severely short-statured. Although no significant genotype-phenotype correlation was observed for bone mineral density, the trabecular bone score was significantly lower in patients with glycine substitutions. CONCLUSION We identified pathogenic mutations in 81% of our Japanese patients with OI. Most mutations were located on COL1A1 and COL1A2. This study revealed that glycine substitutions on COL1A1 resulted in the severe phenotype among Japanese patients with OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ohata
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - S Takeyari
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Y Nakano
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kitaoka
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - H Nakayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- The Japan Environment and Children's Study, Osaka Unit Center, Suita, Japan
| | - V Bizaoui
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Reference Center for Skeletal Dysplasia, Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Statistical Genetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - K Miyata
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - M Fujiwara
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- The First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Suita, Japan
| | - T Kubota
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - T Michigami
- Department of Bone and Mineral Research, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Japan
| | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Metabolism, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Izumi, Japan
| | - T Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Minoh City Hospital, Minoh, Japan
| | - N Namba
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Hospital, Japan Community Healthcare Organization (JCHO), Osaka, Japan
| | - K Ebina
- Department of Musculoskeletal Regenerative Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - H Yoshikawa
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - K Ozono
- Department of Pediatrics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
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Youlten SE, Baldock PA. Using mouse genetics to understand human skeletal disease. Bone 2019; 126:27-36. [PMID: 30776501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Technological advances have enabled the study of the human genome in incredible detail with relative ease. However, our ability to interpret the functional significance of the millions of genetic variants present within each individual is limited. As a result, the confident assignment of disease-causing variant calls remains a significant challenge. Here we explore how mouse genetics can help address this deficit in functional genomic understanding. Underpinned by marked genetic correspondence, skeletal biology shows inter-species similarities which provide important opportunities to use data from mouse models to direct research into the genetic basis of skeletal pathophysiology. In this article we outline critical resources that may be used to establish genotype/phenotype relationships in skeletal tissue, identify genes with established skeletal effects and define the transcriptome of critical skeletal cell types. Finally, we outline how these mouse resources might be utilized to progress from a list of human sequence variants toward plausible gene candidates that contribute to skeletal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E Youlten
- Division of Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Paul A Baldock
- Division of Bone Biology, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
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Besio R, Chow CW, Tonelli F, Marini JC, Forlino A. Bone biology: insights from osteogenesis imperfecta and related rare fragility syndromes. FEBS J 2019; 286:3033-3056. [PMID: 31220415 PMCID: PMC7384889 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The limited accessibility of bone and its mineralized nature have restricted deep investigation of its biology. Recent breakthroughs in identification of mutant proteins affecting bone tissue homeostasis in rare skeletal diseases have revealed novel pathways involved in skeletal development and maintenance. The characterization of new dominant, recessive and X-linked forms of the rare brittle bone disease osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and other OI-related bone fragility disorders was a key player in this advance. The development of in vitro models for these diseases along with the generation and characterization of murine and zebrafish models contributed to dissecting previously unknown pathways. Here, we describe the most recent advances in the understanding of processes involved in abnormal bone mineralization, collagen processing and osteoblast function, as illustrated by the characterization of new causative genes for OI and OI-related fragility syndromes. The coordinated role of the integral membrane protein BRIL and of the secreted protein PEDF in modulating bone mineralization as well as the function and cross-talk of the collagen-specific chaperones HSP47 and FKBP65 in collagen processing and secretion are discussed. We address the significance of WNT ligand, the importance of maintaining endoplasmic reticulum membrane potential and of regulating intramembrane proteolysis in osteoblast homeostasis. Moreover, we also examine the relevance of the cytoskeletal protein plastin-3 and of the nucleotidyltransferase FAM46A. Thanks to these advances, new targets for the development of novel therapies for currently incurable rare bone diseases have been and, likely, will be identified, supporting the important role of basic science for translational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Besio
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Chi-Wing Chow
- Bone and Extracellular Matrix Branch, NICHD, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Francesca Tonelli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Joan C Marini
- Bone and Extracellular Matrix Branch, NICHD, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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Lleras-Forero L, Winkler C, Schulte-Merker S. Zebrafish and medaka as models for biomedical research of bone diseases. Dev Biol 2019; 457:191-205. [PMID: 31325453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2019.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The identification of disease-causing mutations has in recent years progressed immensely due to whole genome sequencing approaches using patient material. The task accordingly is shifting from gene identification to functional analysis of putative disease-causing genes, preferably in an in vivo setting which also allows testing of drug candidates or biotherapeutics in whole animal disease models. In this review, we highlight the advances made in the field of bone diseases using small laboratory fish, focusing on zebrafish and medaka. We particularly highlight those human conditions where teleost models are available.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lleras-Forero
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Mendelstrasse 7, 48149 Münster, Germany; CiM Cluster of Excellence (EXC-1003-CiM), Münster, Germany.
| | - C Winkler
- Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Bioimaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 04, 117558 Singapore
| | - S Schulte-Merker
- Institute for Cardiovascular Organogenesis and Regeneration, Faculty of Medicine, WWU Münster, Mendelstrasse 7, 48149 Münster, Germany; CiM Cluster of Excellence (EXC-1003-CiM), Münster, Germany.
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Zhytnik L, Maasalu K, Duy BH, Pashenko A, Khmyzov S, Reimann E, Prans E, Kõks S, Märtson A. IFITM5 pathogenic variant causes osteogenesis imperfecta V with various phenotype severity in Ukrainian and Vietnamese patients. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:25. [PMID: 31159867 PMCID: PMC6547447 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) covers a spectrum of bone fragility disorders. OI is classified into five types; however, the genetic causes of OI might hide in pathogenic variants of 20 different genes. Often clinical OI types mimic each other. This sometimes makes it impossible to identify the OI type clinically, which can be a risk for patients. Up to 90% of OI types I-IV are caused by pathogenic variants in the COL1A1/2 genes. OI type V is caused by the c.-14C > T pathogenic variant in the 5'UTR of the IFITM5 gene and is characterized by hyperplastic callus formation and the ossification of interosseous membranes. RESULTS In the current study, we performed IFITM5 5'UTR region mutational analysis using Sanger sequencing on 90 patients who were negative for COL1A1/2 pathogenic variants. We also investigated the phenotypes of five patients with genetically confirmed OI type V. The proportion of OI type V patients in our cohort of all OI patients was 1.48%. In one family, there was a history of OI in at least three generations. Phenotype severity differed from mild to extremely severe among patients, but all patients harbored the same typical pathogenic variant. One patient had no visible symptoms of OI type V and was suspected to have had OI type IV previously. We also identified a case of extremely severe hyperplastic callus in a 15-year-old male, who has hearing loss and brittleness of teeth. CONCLUSIONS OI type V is underlined with some unique clinical features; however, not all patients develop them. The phenotype spectrum might be even broader than previously suspected, including typical OI features: teeth brittleness, bluish sclera, hearing loss, long bones deformities, and joint laxity. We suggest that all patients negative for COL1A1/2 pathogenic variants be tested for the presence of an IFITM5 pathogenic variant, even if they are not expressing typical OI type V symptoms. Further studies on the pathological nature and hyperplastic callus formation mechanisms of OI type V are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiia Zhytnik
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopeadics, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Katre Maasalu
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopeadics, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.,Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopeadics, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Binh Ho Duy
- Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Andrey Pashenko
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, AMS Ukraine, Pushkinska 80, Kharkiv, 61024, Ukraine
| | - Sergey Khmyzov
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, AMS Ukraine, Pushkinska 80, Kharkiv, 61024, Ukraine
| | - Ene Reimann
- Centre of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ele Prans
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Aare Märtson
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopeadics, University of Tartu, Puusepa 8, 51014, Tartu, Estonia.,Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopeadics, Tartu University Hospital, Puusepa 8, 51014, Tartu, Estonia
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Lu Y, Zhang S, Wang Y, Ren X, Han J. Molecular mechanisms and clinical manifestations of rare genetic disorders associated with type I collagen. Intractable Rare Dis Res 2019; 8:98-107. [PMID: 31218159 PMCID: PMC6557237 DOI: 10.5582/irdr.2019.01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I collagen is an important structural protein of bone, skin, tendon, ligament and other connective tissues. It is initially synthesized as a precursor form, procollagen, consisting of two identical pro-α1(I) and one proα2(I) chains, encoded by COL1A1 and COL1A2, respectively. The N- and C- terminal propeptides of procollagen are cleavage by N-proteinase and C-proteinase correspondingly, to form the central triple helix structure with Gly-X-Y repeat units. Mutations of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes are associated with osteogenesis imperfecta, some types of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, Caffey diseases, and osteogenesis imperfect/Ehlers- Danlos syndrome overlapping diseases. Clinical symptoms caused by different variations can be variable or similar, mild to lethal, and vice versa. We reviewed the relationship between clinical manifestations and type I collagen - related rare genetic disorders and their possible molecular mechanisms for different mutations and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
- Address correspondence to:Dr. Yanqin Lu, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 18877 Jingshi Road, Ji'nan 250062, China. E-mail:
| | - Shie Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
| | - Yanzhou Wang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, China
| | - Xiuzhi Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The People’s Hospital of Wuqing District, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinxiang Han
- Key Laboratory for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission, Key Laboratory for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
- School of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Jinan-Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Ji'nan, China
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Wang M, Guo Y, Rong P, Xu H, Gong L, Deng H, Yuan L. COL1A2 p.Gly1066Val variant identified in a Han Chinese family with osteogenesis imperfecta type I. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e619. [PMID: 30829463 PMCID: PMC6503011 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a genetically determined connective tissue disorder, is characterized by increased bone fragility and reduced bone mass. Clinical presentation severity ranges from very mild types with nearly no fractures to intrauterine fractures and perinatal lethality. It can be accompanied by blue sclerae, dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI), hearing loss, muscle weakness, ligament laxity, and skin fragility. This study sought to identify pathogenic gene variants in a four‐generation Han Chinese family with OI type I. Methods In order to unveil the molecular genetic factors underlying the disease phenotype, whole exome sequencing in a member, with OI type I, of a Han Chinese family from Hunan, China was performed. The variant identified by whole exome sequencing was further tested by Sanger sequencing in the family members. Results A heterozygous missense variant (NM_000089.3: c.3197G>T; NP_000080.2: p.Gly1066Val) in the collagen type I alpha 2 chain gene (COL1A2) was identified in four patients. It co‐segregated with the disease in the family. Conclusion The sequence variant may be a disease‐causing factor resulting in abnormal type I procollagen synthesis and leading to OI type I. This finding has significant implications for genetic counseling and clinical monitoring of high‐risk families and may be helpful for understanding pathogenic mechanism of OI and developing therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Wang
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Medical Information, Information Security and Big Data Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Pengfei Rong
- Department of Radiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lina Gong
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lamei Yuan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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43
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Novel mutations in BMP1 induce a rare type of osteogenesis imperfecta. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 489:21-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhytnik L, Maasalu K, Duy BH, Pashenko A, Khmyzov S, Reimann E, Prans E, Kõks S, Märtson A. De novo and inherited pathogenic variants in collagen-related osteogenesis imperfecta. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 7:e559. [PMID: 30675999 PMCID: PMC6418448 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a rare genetic bone fragility disorder. In the current study, differences between the genotypes and phenotypes of de novo and inherited collagen‐related OI were investigated. Methods A comparative analysis was performed of the genotypes and phenotypes of 146 unrelated inherited and de novo collagen I OI cases from Estonia, Ukraine, and Vietnam. Mutational analysis of the subjects and all available parents were performed with Sanger sequencing. Results Results showed that 56.16% of the OI cases were caused by de novo pathogenic variants. The proportion of OI types OI1, OI4, and OI3 among subjects with inherited OI was 45.31%, 46.88%, and 7.81%, respectively. Among subjects with de novo OI, the proportions of OI types (OI1, OI4, and OI3) were almost equal. Both inherited and de novo OI pathogenic variants occurred more often in the COL1A1 gene than in the COL1A2. The majority of de novo cases were missense pathogenic variants, whereas inherited OI was mostly caused by loss of function pathogenic variants. Conclusion In summary, there were significant differences between the phenotypes and genotypes of subjects with de novo and inherited OI. These findings may promote the further understanding of OI etiology, and assist with diagnostics procedures, as well as with family planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiia Zhytnik
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Katre Maasalu
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Binh Ho Duy
- Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue, Vietnam
| | - Andrey Pashenko
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, AMS Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Sergey Khmyzov
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Sytenko Institute of Spine and Joint Pathology, AMS Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Ene Reimann
- Centre of Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ele Prans
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Centre for Comparative Genomics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia.,Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Aare Märtson
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Clinic of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
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45
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Mäkitie RE, Costantini A, Kämpe A, Alm JJ, Mäkitie O. New Insights Into Monogenic Causes of Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:70. [PMID: 30858824 PMCID: PMC6397842 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, characterized by deteriorated bone microarchitecture and low bone mineral density, is a chronic skeletal disease with high worldwide prevalence. Osteoporosis related to aging is the most common form and causes significant morbidity and mortality. Rare, monogenic forms of osteoporosis have their onset usually in childhood or young adulthood and have specific phenotypic features and clinical course depending on the underlying cause. The most common form is osteogenesis imperfecta linked to mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2, the two genes encoding type I collagen. However, in the past years, remarkable advancements in bone research have expanded our understanding of the intricacies behind bone metabolism and identified novel molecular mechanisms contributing to skeletal health and disease. Especially high-throughput sequencing techniques have made family-based studies an efficient way to identify single genes causative of rare monogenic forms of osteoporosis and these have yielded several novel genes that encode proteins partaking in type I collagen modification or regulating bone cell function directly. New forms of monogenic osteoporosis, such as autosomal dominant osteoporosis caused by WNT1 mutations or X-linked osteoporosis due to PLS3 mutations, have revealed previously unidentified bone-regulating proteins and clarified specific roles of bone cells, expanded our understanding of possible inheritance mechanisms and paces of disease progression, and highlighted the potential of monogenic bone diseases to extend beyond the skeletal tissue. The novel gene discoveries have introduced new challenges to the classification and diagnosis of monogenic osteoporosis, but also provided promising new molecular targets for development of pharmacotherapies. In this article we give an overview of the recent discoveries in the area of monogenic forms of osteoporosis, describing the key cellular mechanisms leading to skeletal fragility, the major recent research findings and the essential challenges and avenues in future diagnostics and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riikka E. Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Alice Costantini
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Kämpe
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jessica J. Alm
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Outi Mäkitie
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Research Program for Clinical and Molecular Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Children's Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, University of Helsinki and HUS Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Outi Mäkitie
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46
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Prabhu SS, Fortier K, May MC, Reebye UN. Implant therapy for a patient with osteogenesis imperfecta type I: review of literature with a case report. Int J Implant Dent 2018; 4:36. [PMID: 30467787 PMCID: PMC6250748 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-018-0148-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone fragility and skeletal irregularities are the characteristic features of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Many patients with OI have weakened maxillary and mandibular bone, leading to poor oral hygiene and subsequent loss of teeth. Improvements in implant therapy have allowed for OI patients to achieve dental restoration. However, there is limited available literature on implant therapy for patients with OI. The greatest challenge in the restoration process for OI patients in an outpatient setting is ensuring primary stability and osseointegration. Improvements in synthetic grafts improve successful implant placement and prevent predisposing patients to unnecessary procedures. This report details the successful restoration process of an OI type I patient’s maxillary arch in addition to a review of the currently available literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamit S Prabhu
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, USA. .,Triangle Implant Center, 5318 NC Highway 55, Suite 106, Durham, NC, 27713, USA.
| | - Kevin Fortier
- Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA
| | - Michael C May
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, USA
| | - Uday N Reebye
- Triangle Implant Center, 5318 NC Highway 55, Suite 106, Durham, NC, 27713, USA
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47
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Cheng VKF, Au PCM, Tan KC, Cheung CL. MicroRNA and Human Bone Health. JBMR Plus 2018; 3:2-13. [PMID: 30680358 PMCID: PMC6339549 DOI: 10.1002/jbm4.10115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The small non‐coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are post‐transcription regulators that modulate diverse cellular process in bone cells. Because optimal miRNA targeting is essential for their function, single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within or proximal to the loci of miRNA (miR‐SNPs) or mRNA (PolymiRTS) could potentially disrupt the miRNA‐mRNA interaction, leading to changes in bone metabolism and osteoporosis. Recent human studies of skeletal traits using miRNA profiling, genomewide association studies, and functional studies started to decipher the complex miRNA regulatory network. These studies have indicated that miRNAs may be a promising bone marker. This review focuses on human miRNA studies on bone traits and discusses how genetic variants affect bone metabolic pathways. Major ex vivo investigations using human samples supported with animal and in vitro models have shed light on the mechanistic role of miRNAs. Furthermore, studying the miRNAs’ signatures in secondary osteoporosis and osteoporotic medications such as teriparatide (TPTD) and denosumab (DMab) have provided valuable insight into clinical management of the disease. © 2018 The Authors. JBMR Plus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Ka-Fai Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong
| | - Philip Chun-Ming Au
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong
| | - Kathryn Cb Tan
- Department of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong
| | - Ching-Lung Cheung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong.,Centre for Genomic Sciences Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong
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Abstract
Bone disease in the neonatal period has often been regarded as an issue affecting premature infants, or a collection of rare and ultra-rare disorders that most neonatologists will see only once or twice each year, or possibly each decade. The emergence of targeted therapies for some of these rare disorders means that neonatologists may be faced with diagnostic dilemmas that need a rapid solution in order to access management options that did not previously exist. The diagnostic modalities available to the neonatologist have not changed a great deal in recent years; blood tests and radiographs still form the mainstays with other techniques usually reserved for research studies, but rapid access to genomic testing is emergent. This paper provides an update around diagnosis and management of bone problems likely to present to the neonatologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Borg
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH.
| | - Nicholas J Bishop
- Academic Unit of Child Health, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield Children's Hospital, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TH.
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Rothschild L, Goeller JK, Voronov P, Barabanova A, Smith P. Anesthesia in children with osteogenesis imperfecta: Retrospective chart review of 83 patients and 205 anesthetics over 7 years. Paediatr Anaesth 2018; 28:1050-1058. [PMID: 30295359 DOI: 10.1111/pan.13504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteogenesis imperfecta is the collective term for a heterogeneous group of connective tissue syndromes characterized by bone fragility with multisystem involvement and perioperative implications. AIMS Literature review of anesthetic management of patients with osteogenesis imperfecta revealed a paucity of data on the incidence of perioperative challenges. We sought to determine the rates of these challenges in our study cohort. METHODS Data were collected in a specialty orthopedic hospital from 2008 to 2015 for 83 osteogenesis imperfecta patients undergoing 205 surgeries: 203 orthopedic surgeries and 2 mid-face reconstructive surgeries. Airway management, intravenous access, surgical blood loss, use of peripheral nerve blockade and/or neuraxial techniques, presence of perioperative fracture, and peak intraoperative temperature were evaluated and analyzed. RESULTS Difficult airway was encountered in 3/205 (1.5%) cases and perioperative fracture in 2/205 (1%) cases. Neuraxial anesthesia was attempted in 64/205 cases with an 87.5% success rate. All peripheral nerve block attempts (33/205 cases) were successful. Difficult intravenous catheter placement was noted in 8/205 (4%) cases. Estimated blood loss >10% of estimated blood volume was considered significant, and occurred in 35/205 (17%) cases. Significant blood loss occurred more often in severe osteogenesis imperfecta types: 18/76 (23.7%) in Type III and 11/65 (16.9%) in Type IV, whereas only 4/47 (8.5%) occurred in mild Type I. In our 205 case cohort, osteogenesis imperfecta Type III had 5.6 times the odds [(95% CI = 1.8-17.2) P = 0.003] of having an anesthetic complication as compared to osteogenesis imperfecta Type I. CONCLUSION Patients with osteogenesis imperfecta undergo frequent anesthetic exposures, but anesthetic challenges in our series were uncommon. Odds of challenges are greater in severe osteogenesis imperfecta Type III, with significant blood loss and difficulty placing intravenous catheters more likely encountered in the more severe types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leelach Rothschild
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jessica K Goeller
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.,Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital & Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Polina Voronov
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alexandra Barabanova
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois Hospital and Health Sciences System, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Peter Smith
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Chicago, Illinois
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50
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Morello R. Osteogenesis imperfecta and therapeutics. Matrix Biol 2018; 71-72:294-312. [PMID: 29540309 PMCID: PMC6133774 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta, or brittle bone disease, is a congenital disease that primarily causes low bone mass and bone fractures but it can negatively affect other organs. It is usually inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion, although rarer recessive and X-chromosome-linked forms of the disease have been identified. In addition to type I collagen, mutations in a number of other genes, often involved in type I collagen synthesis or in the differentiation and function of osteoblasts, have been identified in the last several years. Seldom, the study of a rare disease has delivered such a wealth of new information that have helped our understanding of multiple processes involved in collagen synthesis and bone formation. In this short review I will describe the clinical features and the molecular genetics of the disease, but then focus on how OI dysregulates all aspects of extracellular matrix biology. I will conclude with a discussion about OI therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Morello
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Orthopaedic Surgery, and Division of Genetics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
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