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Neri P, Perez Y, Agarwal A, Pichi F. Unraveling the Complexities of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: A Comprehensive Ophthalmic and Systemic Perspective. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther 2024; 40:253-258. [PMID: 38669054 DOI: 10.1089/jop.2024.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The editorial explores the profound implications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, which emerged in December 2019 and rapidly evolved into a global health crisis. Despite initial focus on respiratory symptoms, the virus revealed significant ocular implications, prompting a reevaluation of the eye's role in its transmission, diagnosis, and systemic effects. The paradoxical nature of SARS-CoV-2-simultaneously novel and familiar within the coronavirus family-has been central to guiding the global medical response, including the swift development of vaccines. The pandemic has intensified research into the eye's susceptibility to viral infections, enhancing our understanding of virus-host interactions and the systemic impacts of viral diseases. The editorial delves into the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2, highlighting its potential to trigger autoinflammatory and autoimmune reactions with significant ocular repercussions. It examines the rapid vaccine development and deployment, the associated ocular side effects, and the ongoing research necessary to mitigate these outcomes. As the World Health Organization declared the end of COVID-19 as a public health emergency, the focus has shifted toward understanding the virus's long-term implications, including its effects on ocular health. This work underscores the critical role of interdisciplinary collaboration in addressing the systemic impacts of viral infections. It emphasizes the importance of ophthalmology in the broader context of public health and highlights the need for continued vigilance, research, and adaptation in a postpandemic world. The editorial calls for an integrated approach to health care, emphasizing the lessons learned from the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic to prepare for future health challenges, with a particular focus on the intersection of virology, immunology, and ophthalmology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiorgio Neri
- The Eye Institute, Uveitis Service of the Retina Department, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yanny Perez
- The Eye Institute, Uveitis Service of the Retina Department, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Aniruddha Agarwal
- The Eye Institute, Uveitis Service of the Retina Department, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Francesco Pichi
- The Eye Institute, Uveitis Service of the Retina Department, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine, Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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2
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Zou Y, Kamoi K, Zong Y, Zhang J, Yang M, Ohno-Matsui K. Vaccines and the Eye: Current Understanding of the Molecular and Immunological Effects of Vaccination on the Eye. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4755. [PMID: 38731972 PMCID: PMC11084287 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is a public health cornerstone that protects against numerous infectious diseases. Despite its benefits, immunization implications on ocular health warrant thorough investigation, particularly in the context of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation. This review aimed to elucidate the complex interplay between vaccination and the eye, focusing on the molecular and immunological pathways implicated in vaccine-associated ocular adverse effects. Through an in-depth analysis of recent advancements and the existing literature, we explored various mechanisms of vaccine-induced ocular inflammation, such as direct infection by live attenuated vaccines, immune complex formation, adjuvant-induced autoimmunity, molecular mimicry, hypersensitivity reactions, PEG-induced allergic reactions, Type 1 IFN activation, free extracellular RNA, and specific components. We further examined the specific ocular conditions associated with vaccination, such as uveitis, optic neuritis, and retinitis, and discussed the potential impact of novel vaccines, including those against SARS-CoV-2. This review sheds light on the intricate relationships between vaccination, the immune system, and ocular tissues, offering insights into informed discussions and future research directions aimed at optimizing vaccine safety and ophthalmological care. Our analysis underscores the importance of vigilance and further research to understand and mitigate the ocular side effects of vaccines, thereby ensuring the continued success of vaccination programs, while preserving ocular health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Koju Kamoi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (J.Z.); (M.Y.); (K.O.-M.)
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3
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Sidhu N, Vanathi M, Gupta N, Tandon R. COVID and COVID vaccine-related corneal morbidity: A review. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3595-3599. [PMID: 37991289 PMCID: PMC10788745 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_765_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic coronavirus disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus has had several ocular consequences. Many vaccines have been developed against the disease, with adverse events being reported as well. Various ocular adverse events secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have also featured in literature in recent times. This review features the reported corneal-related effects of COVID infection and vaccination. These include direct effects on corneal grafts and unilateral or bilateral corneal melts. The compilation of reported experiences from across the world in this systematic review will help clinicians recognize the possible presentations, pathogenesis, and management of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Sidhu
- Dr. R. P. Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Murugesan Vanathi
- Dr. R. P. Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Noopur Gupta
- Dr. R. P. Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Radhika Tandon
- Dr. R. P. Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Lin TPH, Sen M, Gupta V, Agrawal R, Lanzetta P, Giannaccare G, Chan CKM, Agrawal K, Menia NK, Rojas-Carabali W, Arora A, Martinuzzi D, Taloni A, Rubinato L, Coco G, Sarao V, Veritti D, Chen L, Honavar SG, Lam DSC. Update on coronavirus disease 2019: Ophthalmic Manifestations and Adverse Reactions to Vaccination. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2023; 12:512-536. [PMID: 38117598 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was one of the most devastating public health issues in recent decades. The ophthalmology community is as concerned about the COVID-19 pandemic as the global public health community is, as COVID-19 was recognized to affect multiple organs in the human body, including the eyes, early in the course of the outbreak. Ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 are highly variable and could range from mild ocular surface abnormalities to potentially sight and life-threatening orbital and neuro-ophthalmic diseases. Furthermore, ophthalmic manifestations may also be the presenting or the only findings in COVID-19 infections. Meanwhile, global vaccination campaigns to attain herd immunity in different populations are the major strategy to mitigate the pandemic. As novel vaccinations against COVID-19 emerged, so were reports on adverse ophthalmic reactions potentially related to such. As the world enters a post-pandemic state where COVID-19 continues to exist and evolve as an endemic globally, the ophthalmology community ought to be aware of and keep abreast of the latest knowledge of ophthalmic associations with COVID-19 and its vaccinations. This review is a summary of the latest literature on the ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 and the adverse ophthalmic reactions related to its vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy P H Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mrittika Sen
- Ocular Oncology and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Services, Raghunath Netralaya, Mumbai, India
| | - Vishali Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- Lee Kong Chiang School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Paolo Lanzetta
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare, Udine, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giannaccare
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Carmen K M Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kajal Agrawal
- Lee Kong Chiang School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Nitin Kumar Menia
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - William Rojas-Carabali
- Lee Kong Chiang School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Atul Arora
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advanced Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Andrea Taloni
- University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Leopoldo Rubinato
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giulia Coco
- Department of Clinical Science and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Sarao
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Istituto Europeo di Microchirurgia Oculare, Udine, Italy
| | - Daniele Veritti
- Department of Medicine-Ophthalmology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Lizhen Chen
- C-MER (Shenzhen) Dennis Lam Eye Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Santosh G Honavar
- Ocular Oncology and Ophthalmic Plastic Surgery Services, Centre for Sight Eye Hospital, Hyderabad, India
| | - Dennis S C Lam
- The International Eye Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
- The C-MER Dennis Lam and Partners Eye Center, C-MER International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, China
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Sadeghi E, Mahmoudzadeh R, Garg SJ, Nowroozzadeh MH. Ocular posterior segment complications following COVID-19 vaccination. Int Ophthalmol 2023; 43:4343-4357. [PMID: 37432598 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-023-02795-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a significant impact on healthcare, including eye care, worldwide. Effective and safe vaccines have been developed using both conventional and novel technologies to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection. While vaccination has been shown to be remarkably effective in reducing the spread and associated morbidity and mortality of COVID-19 disease, there have been reports of complications to the posterior segment of the eye. METHODS We present a case-based analysis of reported complications of COVID-19 vaccination to the posterior segment of the eye. The study aims to highlight the diversity of possible complications and discuss the plausible involved pathophysiologic mechanisms. RESULTS The most significant complications reported were retinal macro or microvascular occlusions, uveitis, and central serous chorioretinopathy. These complications are rare but require prompt diagnosis and management to prevent serious visual morbidity. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the need for ophthalmologists to be aware of possible complications related to COVID-19 vaccination and the importance of prompt diagnosis and management. The findings of this study may help ophthalmologists to better understand and manage these rare complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sadeghi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Poostchi Clinic, Zand Street, Shiraz, 7134997446, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh
- MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sunir J Garg
- MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Hossein Nowroozzadeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Poostchi Clinic, Zand Street, Shiraz, 7134997446, Iran.
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Murphy GSP, Gounder PA, Rajak S. Acute Bilateral Orbital Myositis Following Covid 19 Vaccination. Orbit 2023; 42:545-547. [PMID: 35297720 DOI: 10.1080/01676830.2022.2042825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The authors present a case of acute bilateral orbital myositis occurring 24 hours after the administration of the mRNA1273 vaccination for COVID 19. The patient was presented with right proptosis, with orbital imaging demonstrating bilateral enlargement of all the extraocular muscles. Serological investigation did not reveal a precipitating cause or underlying disease process. The presenting features resolved entirely following treatment with methylprednisolone and the patient remains asymptomatic.
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Affiliation(s)
- George S P Murphy
- Sussex Eye Hospital, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Pav A Gounder
- Sussex Eye Hospital, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK
| | - Saul Rajak
- Sussex Eye Hospital, University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK
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Yamamoto Y, Ogino K, Yasuhara S, Kawashima Y, Miki T. Three Cases of Arteritic Anterior Optic Neuropathy Several Months after COVID-19 Vaccination. Case Rep Ophthalmol Med 2023; 2023:8845850. [PMID: 37727533 PMCID: PMC10506880 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8845850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Vaccines have been approved worldwide to control the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). However, the postvaccination side effects remain controversial. Here, we describe three Japanese cases of arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (AAION) following COVID-19 vaccination. Case presentation. The first case involved an 87-year-old woman who presented with vision loss in the right eye 2 months after her second COVID-19 vaccine and in the left eye 2 days later. The second case involved an 88-year-old woman who presented with vision loss in both eyes 3 months after receiving a second vaccine. The third case involved an 80-year-old man who presented with vision loss in the right eye 5 months after receiving a second vaccine. The C-reactive protein level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were elevated in all patients. Biopsy of the temporal artery or auricular cartilage showed arteritic occlusion in case 2 and polychondritis in case 3. These patients were referred to a local Japanese hospital in 2021 over a period of no longer than 3 months. Conclusion We observed three cases of AAION after the affected individuals received their second COVID-19 vaccine. Further long-term investigations of ophthalmological events after COVID-19 vaccination are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Yamamoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Centre, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Ken Ogino
- Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Centre, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuhara
- Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Centre, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yu Kawashima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Centre, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Toshiya Miki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Centre, Wakayama, Japan
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8
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Chen KW, Chang EL, Sheridan AM, Papaliodis GN. Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome (TINU) following COVID-19 vaccination. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2023; 31:101869. [PMID: 37332677 PMCID: PMC10257335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2023.101869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin W Chen
- Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Eileen L Chang
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Stony Brook Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, United States
| | - Alice M Sheridan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - George N Papaliodis
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Yoshida N, Tsukada A. A Case of Neuroretinitis Following COVID-19 Vaccination. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023; 31:1261-1264. [PMID: 36306430 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2137047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To present a case of neuroretinitis following an mRNA COVID-19 vaccination. CASE REPORT A 78-year-old healthy woman was presented with blurry vision in her left eye 1 day after receiving the third dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. The ocular examination revealed an optic disc swelling and retinal thickening of the macula with subretinal fluid in the left eye. The fluorescein angiography revealed hyperfluorescence of the left optic disc. The neuroretinitis resolved gradually after taking azithromycin and prednisolone orally. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of unilateral neuroretinitis following COVID-19 vaccination, implying a potential association between the mRNA vaccine and neuroretinitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Yoshida
- Ophthalmology Unit, Chita Kosei Hospital, Chita, Japan
| | - Akiyo Tsukada
- Ophthalmology Unit, Chita Kosei Hospital, Chita, Japan
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Sanjay S, Handa A, Kawali A, Shetty R, Bhakti Mishra S, Mahendradas P. Scleritis and Episcleritis following Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Vaccination. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023; 31:1184-1190. [PMID: 36884356 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2023.2182324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines have been reported to have ocular side effects including scleritis and episcleritis. PURPOSE To report scleritis and episcleritis within a month following administration of COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS Retrospective case series. RESULTS 15 eyes of 12 consecutive patients with scleritis and episcleritis from March 2021 to September 2021 were included. The mean time of onset of symptoms in patients with scleritis was 15.7 days (range, 4-30) and for episcleritis it was 13.2 days (range 2-30). Patients received COVISHIELD™ (10 patients) and COVAXIN™ (2 patients). Five patients had denovo inflammation and seven had recurrent inflammation. Episcleritis patients were treated with topical steroids and systemic COX2 inhibitors while patients with scleritis were treated with topical steroids/oral steroids/antiviral medications depending on the aetiology. CONCLUSION Scleritis and episcleritis following COVID-19 vaccination are milder and do not require intensive immunosuppression except in rare cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Sanjay
- Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Ashit Handa
- Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
- Department of Retina, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Ankush Kawali
- Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Rohit Shetty
- Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Sai Bhakti Mishra
- Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
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Cohen S, Olshaker H, Fischer N, Vishnevskia-Dai V, Hagin D, Rosenblatt A, Zur D, Habot-Wilner Z. Herpetic Eye Disease Following the SARS-CoV-2 Vaccinations. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2023; 31:1151-1162. [PMID: 35914308 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2103831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe herpetic ocular infections following SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. METHODS A retrospective study of herpetic ocular infections after BNT162b2mRNA vaccination and a literature review. RESULTS A cohort of five patients: three varicella zoster virus (VZV) and two herpes simplex virus (HSV) cases, as well as 19 literature cases: 9 cases of VZV and 10 cases of HSV post BNT162b2mRNA, AZD1222, mRNA-1273, and CoronaVac vaccinations. All cases presented within 28 days post vaccination. Most VZV and HSV cases (15/19) reported in the literature presented post first vaccine dose, while in our cohort 2 VZV cases presented post second dose and both HSV cases and one VZV case post third dose. The most common presentations were HZO with ocular involvement and HSV keratitis. All eyes had complete resolution; however, one had retinal detachment and three corneal scars. CONCLUSION Herpetic ocular infections may develop shortly after SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations. Overall, the outcome is good.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shai Cohen
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hagar Olshaker
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Naomi Fischer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Vicktoria Vishnevskia-Dai
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Hagin
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Amir Rosenblatt
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dinah Zur
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Zohar Habot-Wilner
- Division of Ophthalmology, Tel Aviv Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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12
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Su YW, Yeh SJ, Chen MJ. New-onset Glaucoma Following Moderna COVID-19 Vaccination. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2023; 17:106-109. [PMID: 37485459 PMCID: PMC10357024 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10078-1408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To report a case of new-onset glaucoma following administration of the Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccine. Background Previous studies have reported a low incidence of ocular adverse events induced by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. The literature on open-angle glaucoma associated with COVID-19 vaccination is limited. Case description The patient complained of blurred vision 2 days following the administration of the second dose of the Moderna vaccine in July 2021. At presentation, the ophthalmic examination showed elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) of 30 mm Hg in her right eye (OD) and 18 mm Hg in her left eye (OS). There were no signs of intraocular inflammation or glaucomatous optic neuropathy at the initial presentation. She was treated with a topical β-blocker first. In addition, 1 month later, her IOPs were 28 mm Hg OD and 26 mm Hg OS. Although treated with multiple antiglaucoma medications, her optic cup-to-disc ratios were increased in both eyes (OU) compared to May 2019. She developed a glaucomatous visual field (VF) defect OD in October 2021. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed progressive retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thinning in OU. Conclusion Glaucoma may be a rare but severe ocular adverse event of the Moderna vaccines. The ophthalmologist should pay attention to the risk of increased IOP following COVID-19 vaccination. Clinical significance We reported a case of new-onset open-angle glaucoma presumably associated with COVID-19 vaccination. How to cite this article Su Y, Yeh S, Chen M. New-onset Glaucoma Following Moderna COVID-19 Vaccination. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2023;17(2):106-109.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan-Republic of China
| | - Shih-Jung Yeh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan-Republic of China
| | - Mei-Ju Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan-Republic of China
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Dağ Y, Acet Y. Evaluation of the Effect of İnfection and İmmunity on the Tear Film by Scheimpflug-Placido Disc Topography- A Case Control Study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2023; 41:103216. [PMID: 36470405 PMCID: PMC9719847 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.103216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to compare the tear film stability of individuals who had recovered from coronavirus disease (COVID-19), that of individuals vaccinated against COVID-19 and that of healthy individuals in a control group. METHODS This study included 61 eyes of 61 post-COVID-19 patients, 63 eyes of 63 participants who had received at least two doses of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine, and 57 eyes of healthy individuals in a control group. We compared the groups' tear film stability. RESULTS The mean non-invasive first tear break-up time (NIF-BUT) value was 4.1±2.7 seconds in the post-COVID-19 group, 4.7±2.9 seconds in the vaccinated group, and 5.8±2.8 seconds in the control group. This value was statistically significantly lower in the post-COVID-19 and vaccinated groups than in the control group (p= 0.007). The rate of superotemporal (ST) quadrant breakup, statistically significantly higher in the vaccinated group than in the other two groups (p=0.001). According to a qualitative examination of the results, at least one breakup occurred in 47 (77%) of the post-COVID-19 participants' eyes, 50 (79.4%) of the vaccinated group's eyes, and 33 (57.9%) of the control group's eyes. In terms of this qualitative value, the post-COVID-19 and vaccinated groups had significantly higher breakup rates than the control group (p=0.018). CONCLUSIONS Destabilization in the tear film was more common in both the post covid group and the vaccinated group. In addition to individuals who have post-Covid, we think that post-vaccination individuals should be followed closely in terms of ocular surface diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaşar Dağ
- Department of Ophthalmology, Başakşehir çam ve sakura city hospital. Istanbul, Turkey, Mobile: +0905330188247.
| | - Yakup Acet
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mardin Training and Research Hospital. Mardin, Turkey, Mobile: +0905307849019.
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14
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Brosig A, Prasuhn M, Kakkassery V, Mohi A, Ranjbar M, Grisanti S, Rommel F. [Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Following Immunisation with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine?]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2023; 240:154-157. [PMID: 35189647 DOI: 10.1055/a-1697-5429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Brosig
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Michelle Prasuhn
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Vinodh Kakkassery
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Armin Mohi
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Mahdy Ranjbar
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Felix Rommel
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
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15
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Abu-Ismail L, Al-Shami K, Al-Shami M, Nashwan AJ. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic and wearing face masks on ophthalmology practice: What is known so far? A narrative review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1019434. [PMID: 36518743 PMCID: PMC9742357 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1019434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Face masks, along with other preventive measures, can help slow the spread of COVID-19. Despite the positive effect of the mask in combating the virus, it has some negative effects on the human body that must be followed up on and reduced. In this study, we discuss the impact of wearing face masks on the eye and the common issues associated with using them. The literature search was conducted using electronic databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar. Only articles published in English were included. A total of 39 relevant articles were deemed eligible. After the duplicate articles were removed, the titles and abstracts of 20 papers underwent full-text screening. The review comprised both prospective and retrospective investigations, case reports, and a series of reporting ocular symptoms following the use of face masks. The COVID-19 pandemic affected ophthalmology practices in managing patients. New factors must be considered, especially when dealing with anti-VEGF injections, such as the risk of endophthalmitis, tests and symptoms of patients with glaucoma, and the emerging symptoms associated with the COVID-19 vaccination. The use of face masks and breathing aids seemed to influence the tear film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luai Abu-Ismail
- Department of Ophthalmology, Islamic Hospital, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khayry Al-Shami
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Manar Al-Shami
- Department of Clinical Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
- Princess Basma Hospital, Ministry of Health, Irbid, Jordan
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16
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Ichhpujani P, Parmar UPS, Duggal S, Kumar S. COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Ocular Adverse Effects: An Overview. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1879. [PMID: 36366386 PMCID: PMC9697513 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To address the pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), vaccination efforts were initiated across the globe in December 2020 and are continuing. We report the onset interval and clinical presentations of ocular adverse effects following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. METHODS For this narrative review, articles in the English language, published between 1 January 2020 to 1 September 2022, were included to formulate a list of the reported ocular adverse effects of different COVID-19 vaccines. RESULTS During this period, ocular adverse effects have been reported with BNT162b2 (Pfizer), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), AZD-1222 (AstraZeneca), and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson) vaccines. Endothelial graft rejection, herpes simplex virus keratitis, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, anterior uveitis, eyelid edema, purpuric rashes, ischemic optic neuropathy, and cranial nerve palsies were the most reported with BNT163b2. Retinal hemorrhages, vascular occlusions, and angle closure glaucoma were the most reported with AZD-1222. Most of the ocular adverse effects reported in the literature had a good to fair prognosis with appropriate management. CONCLUSIONS Evidence regarding the ocular adverse effects does not outweigh the benefits of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with pre-existing systemic or ophthalmic diseases. This review provides insights into the possible temporal association between reported ocular adverse events and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines; however, further investigations are required to identify the link between potential causality and pathological mechanisms.
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17
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Serhan HA, Al-Shami KAA, Irshaidat S, Ullah I, Junaid Tahir M, Sohaib Asghar M, Yousaf Z. SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Associated Ophthalmic Adverse Effects. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2022; 11:566-567. [PMID: 35125422 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Irfan Ullah
- §Kabir Medical College, Gandhara University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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18
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Scalabrin S, Becco A, Vitale A, Nuzzi R. Ocular effects caused by viral infections and corresponding vaccines: An overview of varicella zoster virus, measles virus, influenza viruses, hepatitis B virus, and SARS-CoV-2. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:999251. [PMID: 36388944 PMCID: PMC9643669 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.999251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Many viral infections can affect vision and the visual system. Vaccination to prevent diseases is commonplace today, acting by stimulating an immune response without developing the pathology. It involves the production of persisting antibodies against the pathogen and the activation of T cells. Certain diseases have already been eradicated by rigorous vaccination campaigns, while others are hoped to be eliminated soon. Vaccines currently available on the market are largely safe, even if they can rarely cause some adverse effects, such as ocular complications. Analyzing existing literature, we aimed to compare the pathological effects on the eye due to the most common viral infections [in particular varicella zoster virus (VZV), measles virus, influenza viruses, hepatitis B virus, and SARS-CoV-2] with the possible ocular adverse effects of their relative vaccines, in order to establish a risk-benefit relationship from an ophthalmological point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Raffaele Nuzzi
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Eye Clinic, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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19
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Numakura T, Murakami K, Tamada T, Yamaguchi C, Inoue C, Ohkouchi S, Tode N, Sano H, Aizawa H, Sato K, Mitsune A, Kurosawa H, Nakazawa T, Sugiura H. A Novel Development of Sarcoidosis Following COVID-19 Vaccination and a Literature Review. Intern Med 2022; 61:3101-3106. [PMID: 35945009 PMCID: PMC9646347 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.0104-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) is a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine containing nucleoside-modified messenger RNA encoding the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike glycoprotein. Recently, ocular complications of mRNA vaccines have been reported increasingly frequently. However, immunological adverse events due to mRNA vaccines in real-world settings are not fully known. We herein report the novel development of sarcoidosis manifested as uveitis, bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, angiotensin-converting enzyme elevation, and epithelioid and giant cell granuloma formation in the lung soon after the first BNT162b2 injection and review the current literature, including three reported cases of sarcoid-like reaction following COVID-19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahisa Numakura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Koji Murakami
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Chiaki Yamaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Chihiro Inoue
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Shinya Ohkouchi
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Naoki Tode
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hirohito Sano
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Kei Sato
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Ayumi Mitsune
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hajime Kurosawa
- Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Toru Nakazawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Sugiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
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20
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Gargouri MA, Yousfi N, Toutain J, Farès S, Lejoyeux R, Gabison E, Cochereau I, Titah C, Azar G. Multiple Evanescent White Dot Syndrome Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2022:1-5. [PMID: 36228041 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2127782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report two cases of multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) following COVID-19 vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. METHODS Two case reports. Case-1: A 40-yo Caucasian male, complained of blurred and decrease of vision in his left eye (OS) one week after the first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. Funduscopic examination OS showed multiple granular white dots with an aspect of foveal granularity. Case-2: A 23-yo woman also presented with defective and decrease of vision OS. She received her first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine ten days before. Dilated fundus examination OS showed altered macular reflex with an aspect of foveal granularity. RESULTS Multimodal imaging showed features of MEWDS in both cases. The anomalies found resolved spontaneously after 6 weeks. CONCLUSION Inflammation and immune dysregulation induced by COVID-19 mRNA vaccine or its adjuvants could be involved in ocular adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naoufel Yousfi
- Ophthalmology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Toutain
- Ophthalmology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Selim Farès
- Ophthalmology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Lejoyeux
- Ophthalmology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Eric Gabison
- Ophthalmology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Cherif Titah
- Ophthalmology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Georges Azar
- Ophthalmology Department, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
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21
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Kung TPH, Zhang C, Sieminski SF. Acute panuveitis after COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccination following cataract surgery. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 28:101726. [PMID: 36267387 PMCID: PMC9557133 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report a case of presumed COVID-19 Pfizer third dose (booster) vaccination leading to severe panuveitis mimicking acute endophthalmitis in the early postoperative period following routine cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Observations A 68-year-old female with mild refractive error who previously received 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine underwent routine cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation in the right eye. On postoperative day (POD) 2 the patient received her BNT162b2 booster vaccination. On POD 3 the patient's vision was hand motion at face with photophobia. Anterior segment examination was significant for 2+ conjunctival injection, mild stromal edema, 4+ cell and flare with trace hypopyon, and 4+ anterior vitreous cell without any wound leak. Subsequent Gram staining, culture for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, KOH preparation, and PCR testing for infectious organisms were also obtained, all of which were found to be negative. ESR and CRP values were also negative. The patient was started on intravitreal injections of vancomycin and ceftazidime, as well as oral moxifloxacin, fortified vancomycin and tobramycin drops, prednisolone acetate 1%, and atropine 1%. On POD 5 the patient reported significant improvement of her vision and was found to have 20/80 vision. On POD 12 her vision improved to 20/25, and improved further on POD 19 to 20/20 vision with a completely normal examination. Cultures remained negative throughout the entire course. Conclusions and importance This is the first report to suggest a possible association between the BNT162b2 booster vaccination and development of acute panuveitis in the postoperative period after routine cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. This condition may mimic acute bacterial postoperative endophthalmitis and may portend a more favorable prognosis, but the authors believe such cases should nonetheless be treated aggressively as presumed infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy-Paul H. Kung
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, 955 Main St, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA
| | - Charles Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, University at Buffalo, 1176 Main St, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
- Corresponding author. 1176 Main St, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA.
| | - Sandra F. Sieminski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ross Eye Institute, University at Buffalo, 1176 Main St, Buffalo, NY, 14209, USA
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22
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Mohseni Afshar Z, Tavakoli Pirzaman A, Liang JJ, Sharma A, Pirzadeh M, Babazadeh A, Hashemi E, Deravi N, Abdi S, Allahgholipour A, Hosseinzadeh R, Vaziri Z, Sio TT, Sullman MJM, Barary M, Ebrahimpour S. Do we miss rare adverse events induced by COVID-19 vaccination? Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:933914. [PMID: 36300183 PMCID: PMC9589063 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.933914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has caused many complications, the invention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines has also brought about several adverse events, from common side effects to unexpected and rare ones. Common vaccine-related adverse reactions manifest locally or systematically following any vaccine, including COVID-19 vaccines. Specific side effects, known as adverse events of particular interest (AESI), are unusual and need more evaluation. Here, we discuss some of the most critical rare adverse events of COVID-19 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Jackson J. Liang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiac Arrhythmia Service, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Akanksha Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, United States
| | - Marzieh Pirzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Arefeh Babazadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Erfan Hashemi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadaf Abdi
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Amirreza Allahgholipour
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rezvan Hosseinzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Zahra Vaziri
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Terence T. Sio
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Mark J. M. Sullman
- Department of Social Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Department of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Mohammad Barary
- Student Research Committee, Virtual School of Medical Education and Management, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
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23
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Singh RB, Parmar UPS, Cho W, Ichhpujani P. Glaucoma Cases Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A VAERS Database Analysis. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1630. [PMID: 36298495 PMCID: PMC9610013 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10101630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: To counter the rapidly spreading severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), global vaccination efforts were initiated in December 2020. We assess the risk of glaucoma following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and evaluate its onset interval and clinical presentations in patients. Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the glaucoma cases reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database between 16 December 2020, and 30 April 2022. We assessed the crude reporting rate of glaucoma, clinical presentations, onset duration, and associated risk factors. Results: During this period, 161 glaucoma cases were reported, with crude reporting rates (per million doses) of 0.09, 0.06, and 0.07 for BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and Ad26.COV2.S, respectively. The mean age of the patients was 60.41 ± 17.56 years, and 67.7% were women. More than half (56.6%) of the cases were reported within the first week of vaccination. The cumulative-incidence analysis showed a higher risk of glaucoma in patients who received the BNT162b2 vaccines compared with mRNA-1273 (p = 0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of glaucoma following vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, or Ad26.COV2.S is extremely rare. Amongst the patients diagnosed with glaucoma, the onset interval of adverse events was shorter among those who received the BNT162b2 and rAd26.COV2.S vaccines compared with mRNA-1273. Most glaucoma cases were reported within the first week following vaccination in female patients and from the fifth to seventh decade. This study provides insights into the possible temporal association between reported glaucoma events and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines; however, further investigations are required to identify the potential causality link and pathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Bir Singh
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 Leiden, The Netherlands
- Discipline of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide 5000, Australia
| | - Uday Pratap Singh Parmar
- Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh 160019, India
| | - Wonkyung Cho
- Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Parul Ichhpujani
- Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh 160019, India
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24
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Bhatti MT, Gilbert AL, Watson G, Waheed M, Spencer D. Shot in the Dark. Surv Ophthalmol 2022:S0039-6257(22)00123-0. [PMID: 36150481 PMCID: PMC9489960 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A 43-year-old woman presented with decreased vision in the right eye associated with painful eye movements 10 days after receiving her first dose of Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (Pfizer Inc, New York, NY). Two days later she developed painful loss of vision in the left eye. Clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging findings were consistent with bilateral optic perineuritis transitioning to optic neuritis. Extensive evaluation including aquaporin-4 immunoglobin G (IgG), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG, and lumbar puncture was unrevealing. Visual acuity at nadir was counting fingers in both eyes, but after receiving intravenous steroids and plasma exchange vision eventually improved to 20/20 in each eye, although she was left with inferior visual field defects and bilateral optic disc pallor. This case highlights the diagnostic challenge in the evaluation of atypical optic neuritis with a review of post-COVID-19 vaccination-associated optic neuritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tariq Bhatti
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanente Medical Group, Roseville, CA.
| | - Aubrey L Gilbert
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanent Medical Group, Vallejo, CA
| | - George Watson
- Department of Neurology, The Permanente Medical Group, Roseville, CA
| | - Mark Waheed
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Permanent Medical Group, Vallejo, CA
| | - Doran Spencer
- Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
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25
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Sanjay S, Acharya I, Kawali A, Shetty R, Mahendradas P. Unilateral recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) following COVID-19 vaccination- A multimodal imaging study. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 27:101644. [PMID: 35818570 PMCID: PMC9258414 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) vaccines have been approved for emergency use. Ocular adverse effects following the vaccines have been reported. Purpose To report an unique case of recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy following both doses of COVID-19 vaccine. Observations A 40-year-old male presented with blurring of vision in the left eye during 2 days following COVISHIELD™ (Serum Institute of India). He had a previous history of central serous chorioretinopathy in the right eye 2 years back and was treated with micropulse laser. Ocular examination showed a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 right eye and 20/60 left eye. Fundus evaluation of left eye showed central serous chorioretinopathy. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography of the left eye revealed neurosensory detachment. Fundus fluorescein angiography of the left eye showed multiple window defects and ink-blot appearance in the macula. Oral eplerenone 50mg once a day for a month showed significant reduction in the subretinal fluid. Patient developed central serous chorioretinopathy in the left eye 3 days after 2nd dose of COVISHIELD™. Conclusion and Importance CSCR following vaccination may be a temporal event. In our patient it occurred following the vaccination. This is the first case of a recurrent CSCR after either dose of COVID-19 vaccination. Ocular symptoms after vaccination warrant a thorough eye evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Sanjay
- Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
- Corresponding author. 121/C, Chord Road, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India.
| | - Isha Acharya
- Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Ankush Kawali
- Department of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
| | - Rohit Shetty
- Departments of Cornea, Refractive Surgery and Neuro-Ophthalmology Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, India
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Inchingolo AD, Malcangi G, Ceci S, Patano A, Corriero A, Vimercati L, Azzollini D, Marinelli G, Coloccia G, Piras F, Barile G, Settanni V, Mancini A, De Leonardis N, Garofoli G, Palmieri G, Isacco CG, Rapone B, Scardapane A, Curatoli L, Quaranta N, Ribezzi M, Massaro M, Jones M, Bordea IR, Tartaglia GM, Scarano A, Lorusso F, Macchia L, Larocca AMV, Aityan SK, Tafuri S, Stefanizzi P, Migliore G, Brienza N, Dipalma G, Favia G, Inchingolo F. Effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines for Short- and Long-Term Immunity: A General Overview for the Pandemic Contrast. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158485. [PMID: 35955621 PMCID: PMC9369331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The recent COVID-19 pandemic produced a significant increase in cases and an emergency state was induced worldwide. The current knowledge about the COVID-19 disease concerning diagnoses, patient tracking, the treatment protocol, and vaccines provides a consistent contribution for the primary prevention of the viral infection and decreasing the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 disease. The aim of the present investigation was to produce a general overview about the current findings for the COVID-19 disease, SARS-CoV-2 interaction mechanisms with the host, therapies and vaccines’ immunization findings. Methods: A literature overview was produced in order to evaluate the state-of-art in SARS-CoV-2 diagnoses, prognoses, therapies, and prevention. Results: Concerning to the interaction mechanisms with the host, the virus binds to target with its Spike proteins on its surface and uses it as an anchor. The Spike protein targets the ACE2 cell receptor and enters into the cells by using a special enzyme (TMPRSS2). Once the virion is quietly accommodated, it releases its RNA. Proteins and RNA are used in the Golgi apparatus to produce more viruses that are released. Concerning the therapies, different protocols have been developed in observance of the disease severity and comorbidity with a consistent reduction in the mortality rate. Currently, different vaccines are currently in phase IV but a remarkable difference in efficiency has been detected concerning the more recent SARS-CoV-2 variants. Conclusions: Among the many questions in this pandemic state, the one that recurs most is knowing why some people become more seriously ill than others who instead contract the infection as if it was a trivial flu. More studies are necessary to investigate the efficiency of the treatment protocols and vaccines for the more recent detected SARS-CoV-2 variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Danilo Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppina Malcangi
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Sabino Ceci
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Assunta Patano
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Alberto Corriero
- Unit of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Department of Emergencies and Organ Transplantations, Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (M.R.); (N.B.)
| | - Luigi Vimercati
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Daniela Azzollini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Grazia Marinelli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Giovanni Coloccia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Fabio Piras
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Barile
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Vito Settanni
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Nicole De Leonardis
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Grazia Garofoli
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Giulia Palmieri
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Ciro Gargiulo Isacco
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Biagio Rapone
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Arnaldo Scardapane
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Luigi Curatoli
- Department Neurosciences & Sensory Organs & Musculoskeletal System, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Nicola Quaranta
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
- Department Neurosciences & Sensory Organs & Musculoskeletal System, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Mario Ribezzi
- Unit of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Department of Emergencies and Organ Transplantations, Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (M.R.); (N.B.)
| | - Maria Massaro
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Megan Jones
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Ioana Roxana Bordea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Gianluca Martino Tartaglia
- UOC Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Dentistry, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Fondazione IRCCS Ca Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy;
| | - Antonio Scarano
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
| | - Felice Lorusso
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy;
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (F.I.); Tel.: +39-3282132586 (F.L.)
| | - Luigi Macchia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angela Maria Vittoria Larocca
- Hygiene Complex Operating Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Place Giulio Cesare 11 BARI CAP, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | | | - Silvio Tafuri
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Bari, 70100 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Giovanni Migliore
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Bari, 70100 Bari, Italy; (P.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Nicola Brienza
- Unit of Anesthesia and Resuscitation, Department of Emergencies and Organ Transplantations, Aldo Moro University, 70121 Bari, Italy; (A.C.); (M.R.); (N.B.)
| | - Gianna Dipalma
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Gianfranco Favia
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
| | - Francesco Inchingolo
- Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.D.I.); (G.M.); (S.C.); (A.P.); (L.V.); (D.A.); (G.M.); (G.C.); (F.P.); (G.B.); (V.S.); (A.M.); (N.D.L.); (G.G.); (G.P.); (C.G.I.); (B.R.); (A.S.); (N.Q.); (M.J.); (G.D.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: (F.L.); (F.I.); Tel.: +39-3282132586 (F.L.)
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Ryu KJ, Kim DH. A Toxic Anterior Segment Syndrome-like Ocular Inflammatory Reaction after COVID-19 Vaccination. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2022.63.7.625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: We report a case with bilateral, ocular inflammatory adverse reactions developing a few hours after COVID-19 vaccination.Case summary: A 70-year-old woman complained of headache and sudden visual impairment (both eyes) a few hours after COVID-19 vaccination (Astrazeneca). She had undergone bilateral cataract surgery 4 days before vaccination and her eyesight was good immediately after surgery. The best-corrected visual acuities (BCVA) were 0.2 and 0.1 in the right and left eyes, respectively. Diffuse corneal edema, anterior chamber reactions, inflammatory fibrinoid membranes on the anterior surfaces of the intraocular lenses (IOLs), and cystoid macular edema were observed in both eyes. The anterior chamber and IOL fibrinoid reactions much improved 7 days after the prescription of topical and oral corticosteroids. The aqueous humor polymerase chain reaction was positive for varicella zoster virus (VZV) in both eyes. The BCVA improved to 20/30 in the right eye and 20/50 in the left eye after 3 months of additional treatment. However, the cystoid macular edema did not improve.Conclusions: In patients with a history of herpes zoster infection, adverse ocular inflammatory reactions associated with VZV may occur immediately after COVID-19 vaccination.
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Abrishami M, Hosseini SM, Shoeibi N, Heidarzadeh HR. Unilateral Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy with Inactivated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination: A Case Report and Review of Literature. J Curr Ophthalmol 2022; 34:373-378. [PMID: 36644462 PMCID: PMC9832452 DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_41_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report unilateral acute-onset central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) following vaccination with inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in a healthy patient. Methods Case report and review of literature. Results A 39-year-old male was referred with sudden-onset, painless, unilateral blurred vision in the right eye. His first dose of the Sinopharm vaccine was injected 2 days before. A complete ocular examination revealed central subretinal fluid (SRF) accumulation in favor of CSC in the right eye. Systemic workup disclosed no previous COVID-19 infection or any systemic involvement. After 3 weeks, SRF decreased remarkably without treatment. Conclusions It is proposed that CSC development can be an ocular adverse effect of COVID-19 vaccination, although it is infrequent. Ophthalmologists should be aware of the possible association between COVID-19 vaccination and ocular adverse effects, but vaccination is the best effectual measure against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Abrishami
- Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Ocular Oncology Service, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Nasser Shoeibi
- Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Rama Raj P, Adler PA, Chalasani R, Wan SL. Acute Unilateral Central Serous Chorioretinopathy after Immunization with Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report and Literature Review. Semin Ophthalmol 2022; 37:690-698. [PMID: 35657058 DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2022.2082255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A 43-year-old Caucasian male presented to our ophthalmology clinic with blurry vision and metamorphopsia in his right eye, 24 hours after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS Clinical examination and imaging tests were consistent with acute unilateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) that completely resolved after 2 months without any treatment. He had no significant ophthalmic or medical history. He also lacked the classical risk factors for CSCR such as recent psychosocial stressors, Type-A personality traits, history of exogenous steroid use, connective tissue disorders and obstructive sleep apnea. RESULTS This appears to be only the second reported case of CSCR, temporally associated with a recombinant COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. We also present a summary of published reports demonstrating intraocular complications associated with the novel recombinant COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. CONCLUSION Findings in this report should not deter COVID-19 vaccinations given the rarity of aforementioned ocular complications and the greater benefit of protection from COVID-19 infection. Medical practitioners, however, should remain mindful of potential ocular complications, given the greater likelihood of occurrence with increasing vaccination booster rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palaniraj Rama Raj
- Department of Ophthalmology, Parke Street Specialist Centre, Katoomba, NSW, Australia.,Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health/Save Sight Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul A Adler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Parke Street Specialist Centre, Katoomba, NSW, Australia
| | - Rajeev Chalasani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Parke Street Specialist Centre, Katoomba, NSW, Australia
| | - Sue Ling Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Parke Street Specialist Centre, Katoomba, NSW, Australia
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Gedik B, Erol MK, Bulut M, Suren E, Bozdogan YC, Seymen B. Two doses of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, two different side effects: Skin and eye. J Fr Ophtalmol 2022; 45:767-770. [PMID: 35659461 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A 47-year-old male patient presented to our clinic with the complaints of eye pain, reduced vision and redness in the right eye three days after administration of the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine. The patient was diagnosed with uveitis associated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine and inflammatory glaucoma due to the uveitis. In addition, an erythematous, morbilliform rash had developed three days after the first dose of the vaccine. This is the first case report in the literature to show both skin and eye side effects after the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Gedik
- Antalya Serik State Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, 07500 Serik Antalya, Turkey.
| | - M K Erol
- University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - M Bulut
- University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - E Suren
- University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Y C Bozdogan
- University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Turkey
| | - B Seymen
- University of Health Sciences, Antalya Education and Research Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Turkey
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Lotan I, Lydston M, Levy M. Neuro-Ophthalmological Complications of the COVID-19 Vaccines: A Systematic Review. J Neuroophthalmol 2022; 42:154-162. [PMID: 35427282 DOI: 10.1097/wno.0000000000001537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A worldwide mass vaccination campaign against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is currently underway. Although the safety data of the clinical trials did not report specific concerns regarding neuro-ophthalmological adverse events, they involved a limited number of individuals and were conducted over a relatively short time. The aim of the current review is to summarize the available postmarketing data regarding the occurrence of neuro-ophthalmological and other ocular complications of the COVID-19 vaccines. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Electronic searches for published literature were conducted using Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The search strategy incorporated controlled vocabulary and free-text synonyms for the concepts of COVID, vaccines, and visual and neuro-ophthalmologic diseases and symptoms. RESULTS A total of 14 case reports and 2 case series have been selected for inclusion in the final report, reporting 76 cases of post-COVID-vaccination adverse events. The most common adverse event was optic neuritis (n = 61), followed by uveitis (n = 3), herpes zoster ophthalmicus (n = 2), acute macular neuroretinopathy (n = 2), optic disc edema as an atypical presentation of Guillain-Barré syndrome (n = 1), (arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy; n = 1), abducens nerve palsy (n = 1), oculomotor nerve palsy (n = 1), Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (n = 1), central serous retinopathy (n = 1), acute zonal occult outer retinopathy (n = 1), and bilateral choroiditis (n = 1). Most cases were treated with high-dose steroids and had a favorable clinical outcome. CONCLUSION Since the implementation of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in the past year, several post-COVID-vaccination neuro-ophthalmological complications have been described. However, considering the number of individuals that have been exposed to the vaccines, the risk seems very low, and the clinical outcome in most cases is favorable. Therefore, on a population level, the benefits of the vaccines far outweigh the risk of neuro-ophthalmological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itay Lotan
- Department of Neurology (IL, ML), Division of Neuroimmunology and Neuroinfectious Disease, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; and Treadwell Virtual Library for the Massachusetts General Hospital (ML), Boston, Massachusetts
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Sanjay S, Acharya I, Rawoof A, Shetty R. Non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) and COVID-19 vaccination. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:15/5/e248415. [PMID: 35568418 PMCID: PMC9109041 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-248415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A woman in her 50s presented with diminution of vision in her left eye (OS) 4 days after COVISHIELDTM vaccination. She had been diagnosed with non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NA-AION) of right eye (OD) 8 months earlier. The present episode revealed a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/50 in OD and 20/20 in OS with grade 1 relative afferent pupillary defect. Fundus evaluation showed pale disc in OD and temporal disc oedema in OS. Humphrey’s visual field analysis showed incomplete inferior altitudinal defect in OD and a centro-caecal scotoma in OS. Systemic investigations were normal. OS was diagnosed with NA-AION. She was started on oral aspirin 75 mg. At 1-month follow-up, disc oedema of OS had resolved with BCVA maintaining at 20/20. The patient was lost to follow-up later. The relationship between the vaccine and the ocular event is temporal with no causal association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasan Sanjay
- Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Isha Acharya
- Uveitis and Ocular Immunology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Abdul Rawoof
- Neuro-Ophthalmology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohit Shetty
- Neuro-Ophthalmology, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.,Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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33
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Tomkins-Netzer O, Sar S, Barnett-Griness O, Friedman B, Shyriaieva H, Saliba W. Association between vaccination with the BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine and non-infectious uveitis: a population-based study. Ophthalmology 2022; 129:1087-1095. [PMID: 35643168 PMCID: PMC9132378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Molero-Senosiain M, Houben I, Savant S, Savant V. Five Cases of Corneal Graft Rejection After Recent COVID-19 Vaccinations and a Review of the Literature. Cornea 2022; 41:669-672. [PMID: 35383622 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000002980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to report 5 cases of acute corneal graft rejection after COVID-19 vaccination and perform a review of the literature. METHODS This was a case series and review of literature dated on the October 10, 2021. RESULTS We describe 5 cases-2 patients with Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy) who presented with acute corneal graft rejection after their first dose of mRNA (BNT162) vaccine. The other 3 patients who had penetrating keratoplasty performed more than 10 years ago for keratoconus presented with acute graft rejection-2 patients after their second dose of adenovirus vector (AZD1222) vaccine and 1 patient after first dose of mRNA (BNT162) vaccine. Three patients were not using any topical steroid treatment at the time of diagnosis of graft rejection. The mean duration between vaccination and onset of symptoms was 16.86 ± 6.96 days for the mRNA vaccine and 17 ± 11.89 days for the adenovirus vector vaccine. CONCLUSIONS Corneal graft rejection has recently been reported after COVID-19 vaccination. Patients with keratoplasty need to be advised regarding the risk of corneal graft rejection and warning symptoms of rejection after COVID-19 vaccination. Seeking early referral to the emergency department and increasing topical steroids pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 vaccination may reduce the risk of rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Vijay Savant
- University Hospitals of Leicester, United Kingdom; and
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35
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Vingolo EM. COVID-19 Vaccines in Inherited Retinal Degenerations (IRD), Fears, Ideas and Real Interactions. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:1413-1417. [PMID: 35529953 PMCID: PMC9075903 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s358558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose In the COVID-19 pandemic era, vaccines are one of the most efficient weapons, as well established by WHO, that humans have, in all their variants (mRNA, AAV or others). Unfortunately, in western nations skepticism within different groups has been generated by the fast approval processes, driven by the urgent need to confront the rapid increase of hospitalized patients and number of deaths by regulation authorities as FDA and EMA. Moreover, several scientific and non-scientific perplexity, also amplified by the media, created hard no-vax strategies, that lead many patients to refuse vaccine administration. Also in this selected population higher rate of COVID-19 infections and severe diseases are registered and consequently there was an increase of death number. Furthermore, to avoid vaccine shots, people frequently ask exemption querying ophthalmological and systemic diseases, in this situation most patients affected with orphan ophthalmological conditions as inherited retinal degenerations have profound fears and doubt. The goal of our study was to ascertain if these fears are based on real facts and if there are interactions or severe visual impairment after each shot of vaccinations. Methods Five hundred randomically selected patients affected by IRD at each patient was asked anonymously, number of vaccine administrations and eventually reported side effects. Results Of 500 selected patients 61 (12,2%) did not underwent to Covid-19 vaccination, reasons were various (fear, laziness, caregiver unavailability etc.). Remaining 439 patients (87,8%) had first shot of vaccine. Only 30% of patients complained side effects of vaccine, none of them was serious. Conclusion The number of patients is wide enough to draw some considerations: In IRD vaccination is safe, in all doses ocular side effects were reported only in one third of subjects and this is not different from the percentage shown by normal people, COVID-19 effects may be more dangerous than vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enzo Maria Vingolo
- Department of Surgery “Unit of Ophthalmology”, University “Sapienza” Polo Pontino, “A.Fiorini” Hospital, Terracina, 4120, Italy
- Correspondence: Enzo Maria Vingolo, Department of Surgery Unit of Ophthalmology, University Sapienza Polo Pontino, “A.Fiorini” Hospital, Terracina, 04120, Italy, Tel +393486500312, Email
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36
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Sheth J, Nayak S, Narayanan R, Hariprasad S. Retinal Manifestations of COVID-19. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2022; 53:246-248. [PMID: 35575740 DOI: 10.3928/23258160-20220413-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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37
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Pawlik VE, Mohi A, Rommel F, Kakkassery V, Ranjbar M, Grisanti S. [Transparent Depiction of Case Reports Linked to COVID-19 and its Vaccination - a Temporal Coincidence]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2022. [PMID: 35426111 DOI: 10.1055/a-1775-8405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Elisabeth Pawlik
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Armin Mohi
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Felix Rommel
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Vinodh Kakkassery
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Mahdy Ranjbar
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
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38
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Momenaei B, Cheraqpour K, Soleimani M, Tabatabaei SA, Shahriari M, Etesali H, Hussein A, Vaseghi Y, Ramezani B, Djalilian AR. Ophthalmic side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2022.2066523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bita Momenaei
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kasra Cheraqpour
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Soleimani
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Seyed Ali Tabatabaei
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoor Shahriari
- Imam Hossein Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Etesali
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmed Hussein
- Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasaman Vaseghi
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahareh Ramezani
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali R Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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39
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Sarıgül Sezenöz A, Güngör SG, Kibaroğlu S. A Case of Transient Visual Field Defect following Administration of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2022; 30:1255-1259. [DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2055578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sirel Gür Güngör
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Ophthalmology, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Seda Kibaroğlu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Başkent University, Ankara, Turkey
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40
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Bilateral multifocal central serous retinopathy following the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. J Fr Ophtalmol 2022; 45:603-607. [PMID: 35599048 PMCID: PMC9046098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2022.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of acute bilateral multifocal CSCR in a young healthy Caucasian female occurring 3 days after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. The true incidence of this adverse reaction might be underreported in asymptomatic unilateral or paracentral cases. We believe that the post-COVID-19 vaccination occurrence of CSCR is not a sufficient reason to withhold the second dose of the vaccine. Further studies are required to ascertain the best way to prevent and manage this complication.
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41
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Hasegawa T, Sannomiya Y, Toyoda M, Maruko I, Iida T. Acute idiopathic maculopathy after COVID-19 vaccination. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 26:101479. [PMID: 35282606 PMCID: PMC8906028 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We report a case of acute idiopathic maculopathy (AIM) that developed after COVID-19 vaccination. Observations A 54-year-old woman complained of a sudden decrease of visual acuity in her right eye one day after receiving a second COVID-19 vaccination (Pfizer). Fundus photograph showed a circular yellow lesion at the fovea in right eye. Optical coherence tomography revealed the thickening of retinal pigment epithelium and the presence of subretinal fluid. Three months after the initial visit, the BCVA and the fundus images had favorable recovery in the right eye. Conclusions and Importance We describe a case of AIM after receiving COVID-19 vaccination. These findings may be a helpful in understanding the pathogenesis of AIM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiji Hasegawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoka Sannomiya
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Shiseikai Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Momoka Toyoda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Maruko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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42
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Cau R, Mantini C, Monti L, Mannelli L, Di Dedda E, Mahammedi A, Nicola R, Roubil J, Suri JS, Cerrone G, Fanni D, Faa G, Carriero A, Scuteri A, Francone M, Saba L. Role of imaging in rare COVID-19 vaccine multiorgan complications. Insights Imaging 2022; 13:44. [PMID: 35286509 PMCID: PMC8919150 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-022-01176-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As of September 18th, 2021, global casualties due to COVID-19 infections approach 200 million, several COVID-19 vaccines have been authorized to prevent COVID-19 infection and help mitigate the spread of the virus. Despite the vast majority having safely received vaccination against SARS-COV-2, the rare complications following COVID-19 vaccination have often been life-threatening or fatal. The mechanisms underlying (multi) organ complications are associated with COVID-19, either through direct viral damage or from host immune response (i.e., cytokine storm). The purpose of this manuscript is to review the role of imaging in identifying and elucidating multiorgan complications following SARS-COV-2 vaccination-making clear that, in any case, they represent a minute fraction of those in the general population who have been vaccinated. The authors are both staunch supporters of COVID-19 vaccination and vaccinated themselves as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Cau
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari - Polo di Monserrato, s.s. 554 Monserrato, 09045, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Cesare Mantini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, 'G. d'Annunzio' University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Monti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Emanuele Di Dedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Abdelkader Mahammedi
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Refky Nicola
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - John Roubil
- Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jasjit S Suri
- Stroke Diagnosis and Monitoring Division, Atheropoint LLC, Roseville, CA, USA
| | - Giulia Cerrone
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Daniela Fanni
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gavino Faa
- Department of Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.) di Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Carriero
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, AOU Ospedale Maggiore Della Carità Di Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - Angelo Scuteri
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, AOU Ospedale Maggiore Della Carità Di Novara, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco Francone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20090, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria (A.O.U.), di Cagliari - Polo di Monserrato, s.s. 554 Monserrato, 09045, Cagliari, Italy.
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43
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Dehghani A, Ghanbari H, Houshang‐Jahromi M, Pourazizi M. Paracentral acute middle maculopathy and COVID‐19 vaccination: Causation versus coincidence finding. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05578. [PMID: 35310318 PMCID: PMC8918463 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The current report is a rare case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) in a previously healthy man following COVID‐19 vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Dehghani
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
| | - Heshmatollah Ghanbari
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Pourazizi
- Isfahan Eye Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran
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44
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Murphy T, Raheem Abu Shanab A, Kang K, Lyons CJ. Acute-onset dacryoadenitis following immunisation with mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:15/3/e248441. [PMID: 35256374 PMCID: PMC8905968 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-248441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A 14-year-old boy was referred to the ophthalmology department with a 4-day history of rapid-onset right upper lid pain, swelling and erythema starting 9 hours after his first dose of COVID-19 mRNA vaccination (BNT162b2/Comirnaty, Pfizer-BioNTech). On examination, he had significant right upper lid ptosis, oedema and erythema, with associated limitation of right eye abduction and elevation. He was found to have acute dacryoadenitis with orbital inflammatory disease on clinical and laboratory investigations. He was given tapering oral prednisone and had full resolution of symptoms within 2 weeks. This is the first known case of orbital inflammation after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Given the temporal association between the patient’s vaccination and symptom onset, we believe it is likely that immunisation prompted the onset of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Treasa Murphy
- Ophthalmology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Kristopher Kang
- Paediatrics, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher J Lyons
- Ophthalmology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of posterior scleritis following COVID-19 vaccination. STUDY DESIGN Case report. RESULTS A 78-year-old female presented with headache and right-sided visual loss 10 days after the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine. 'Examination showed disc oedema and a serous retinal detachment. B-scan ultrasound showed thickening of the posterior sclera with retroscleral fluid. CT head with venogram excluded venous sinus thrombosis. The patient's condition improved rapidly with oral corticosteroids with restoration of vision and resolution of disc swelling and serous detachment by 4 weeks. CONCLUSIONS Posterior scleritis should be considered in patients presenting with headaches and blurred vision following vaccination. Timely diagnosis and treatment with corticosteroids can prevent permanent visual loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Younus
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Hairmyres, Glasgow, UK
| | - Umaima Mulla
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Hairmyres, Glasgow, UK
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46
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Penbe A. Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis Secondary to the Inactive COVID-19 Vaccine-CoronaVac. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2022; 31:536-540. [PMID: 35212608 DOI: 10.1080/09273948.2022.2039211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK) secondary to the inactive Covid-19 vaccine. METHODS The case of a 67-year-old man who presented with unilateral progressive vision-threatening PUK with nodular scleritis was reported. The results of clinical examinations with surgical and medical treatments were noted. RESULTS The extended workup for autoimmune and infectious etiologies for PUK that all returned negative. The patient was treated with oral steroids, azathioprine, and topical cyclosporine with topical dexamethasone for his PUK and underlying possible immunopathology. Corneal amniotic membrane grafting was also performed 4 times and finally, the patient underwent penetrant keratoplasty for visual rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, we report the first case of PUK that is possible to secondary to an inactive vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. The inactive covid vaccine should be considered as an etiological agent in PUK cases where the standard workup is negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysegul Penbe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Health Science University, Kartal Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Training and Research Hospital, Kartal Istanbul, Turkey
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47
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Ocular Complications Following Vaccination for COVID-19: A One-Year Retrospective. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10020342. [PMID: 35214800 PMCID: PMC8875181 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination efforts as a mitigation strategy in the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are fully underway. A vital component of understanding the optimal clinical use of these vaccines is a thorough investigation of adverse events following vaccination. To date, some limited reports and reviews have discussed ocular adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination, but a systematic review detailing these reports with manifestations and clinical courses as well as proposed mechanisms has yet to be published. This comprehensive review one-year into vaccination efforts against COVID-19 is meant to furnish sound understanding for ophthalmologists and primary care physicians based on the existing body of clinical data. We discuss manifestations categorized into one of the following: eyelid, orbit, uveitis, retina, vascular, neuro-ophthalmology, ocular motility disorders, and other.
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48
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Chen X, Wang B, Li X. Acute-onset Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-like uveitis following Covid-19 inactivated virus vaccination. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2022; 26:101404. [PMID: 35165663 PMCID: PMC8826601 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajoc.2022.101404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose We report a case of a 19-year-old male who presented with bilateral Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH)-like panuveitis following an injection of an inactivated Covid-19 vaccine. Observations A 19-year-old male was referred to our clinic with a 2-week history of blurred vision on both eyes and headaches, 12 hours following the administration of the first dose of an inactivated Covid-19 virus vaccine (Sinovac). He denied any past ocular or medical history. Clinical examination and multimodal imaging tests identified serous retinal detachment and choroidal thickening posteriorly and deep yellow foci in the far peripheral retina. Aqueous humor analysis ruled out viral and bacterial infection including Covid-19, but demonstrated an elevated interleukin-6 level. A workup ruled out systemic infection or autoimmune disease. Although the patient received a single positive T-SPOT result, no other clinical evidence supported active tuberculosis infection. Non-infectious panuveitis was diagnosed and treated with periocular steroids that quickly resolved the serous retinal detachment. Conclusions and Importance This is the first report of VKH-like uveitis following an inactivated Covid-19 vaccine, with aqueous humor analysis ruling out viral or bacterial infection and demonstrating an elevated interleukin-6 level. Though rare, VKH-like uveitis may be associated with administration of an inactivated Covid-19 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuju Chen
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, China
| | - Xiaoxin Li
- Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University, China
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49
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Ng XL, Betzler BK, Ng S, Chee SP, Rajamani L, Singhal A, Rousselot A, Pavesio CE, Gupta V, de Smet MD, Agrawal R. The Eye of the Storm: COVID-19 Vaccination and the Eye. Ophthalmol Ther 2022; 11:81-100. [PMID: 34914035 PMCID: PMC8675299 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-021-00415-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has galvanized the global response towards the development of new vaccines based on novel technologies at an unprecedented pace. Since the widespread implementation of vaccination campaigns, case reports on vaccines' systemic side effects, including ocular manifestations, have emerged. Since administered vaccines are generally not able to cause the disease in the recipient, or induce an immune response against the pathogen, we hypothesize that the development of ocular phenomena post-COVID-19 vaccination may occur via an immune response elicited by the vaccine. Of many, the most common ocular adverse events include facial nerve palsy, central venous sinus thrombosis and acute anterior uveitis. These COVID-19 vaccine-induced ocular (CVIO) adverse events could resemble the ocular findings in some of the COVID-19 patients. This review will provide a comprehensive overview of published ocular side effects potentially associated with COVID-19 vaccination and serve as a springboard for further research into CVIO adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Le Ng
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | - Bjorn Kaijun Betzler
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sean Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Soon Phaik Chee
- Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Lakshminarayanan Rajamani
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amit Singhal
- A*STAR ID Labs & Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andres Rousselot
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universidad del Salvador, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Vishali Gupta
- Department of Ophthalmology, Advance Eye Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Marc D de Smet
- MicroInvasive Ocular Surgery Clinic, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore.
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Academic Clinical Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Inagawa S, Onda M, Miyase T, Murase S, Murase H, Mochizuki K, Sakaguchi H. Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome following vaccination for COVID-19: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e28582. [PMID: 35029236 PMCID: PMC8758041 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) is an acute, usually unilateral, retinal disorder of unknown etiology that predominantly occurs in healthy young women. We report a case of bilateral asymmetric MEWDS that developed following the first vaccination for coronavirus-19 and worsened after a second vaccination. PATIENT CONCERNS A 30-year-old Japanese woman was examined in an eye clinic for blurred vision in her left eye for 1 week duration. Thirteen days before her examination, she had received her first BNT162b2 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Her best-corrected visual acuity was 20/20 in both eyes. Fundus examination revealed multiple yellowish-white spots in the perifoveal area of both eyes. Visibility of the spots gradually decreased during the following week. She was then vaccinated with a second dose, and 3 days later, her vision worsened in her left eye. She was then referred to our hospital because of worsened vision and the appearance of white spots on other parts of the retina. Ophthalmological examination revealed a best-corrected visual acuity of 30/20 both eyes. DIAGNOSIS The flare value in the anterior chamber was elevated in both the eyes. Fundus examination showed multiple white spots in the perifoveal area of both eyes, but they were more prominent in the left eye. Fundus fluorescein angiography revealed early hyperfluorescent spots located circumferentially around the fovea in both eyes. We concluded that the patient had MEWDS, which was most likely due to mRNA COVID-19 immunization. INTERVENTIONS The patient was treated with topical betamethasone sodium phosphate/fradiomycin sulfate 0.1% thrice daily for 2 months. OUTCOMES Two months after treatment, her blurry vision resolved with the disappearance of the fundus lesions. LESSON Clinicians should be aware of potential adverse ocular events following similar vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayako Inagawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Masahiro Onda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Taishi Miyase
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | | | | | - Kiyofumi Mochizuki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Sakaguchi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan
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