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Hu S, Mo D, Guo P, Zheng H, Jiang X, Zhong H. Correlation between suicidal ideation and emotional memory in adolescents with depressive disorder. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5470. [PMID: 35361837 PMCID: PMC8971389 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the differences in emotional memory between adolescents with and without suicidal ideation. Fifty adolescents with depression and suicidal ideation, 36 with depression but no suicidal ideation, and 41 healthy controls rated the emotional valence of positive, neutral, and negative pictures. Then, the recognition of the images was evaluated 72 h later. Adolescents with suicidal ideation reported more negative emotional valence scores for positive and neutral pictures and were significantly less likely to recognize negative pictures than were those without suicidal ideation. The performance of adolescents with suicidal ideation on the negative picture recognition test was closely related to anxiety, depression severity, and intensity of suicidal ideation. The negative bias toward neutral stimuli and cognitive impairment may be important risk factors for adolescents with suicidal ideation. Improving emotional memory via targeted management approaches may help young people with suicidal ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Hu
- Department of Child and Adolescents, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.,Department of Child and Adolescents, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, 316 Huangshan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Daming Mo
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hongyu Zheng
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaolu Jiang
- School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Zhong
- Department of Child and Adolescents, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Department of Child and Adolescents, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, 316 Huangshan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China.
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Pandey GN, Sharma A, Rizavi HS, Ren X. Dysregulation of Protein Kinase C in Adult Depression and Suicide: Evidence From Postmortem Brain Studies. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2021; 24:400-408. [PMID: 33515455 PMCID: PMC8130206 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyab003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several lines of evidence suggest the abnormalities of protein kinase C (PKC) signaling system in mood disorders and suicide based primarily on the studies of PKC and its isozymes in the platelets and postmortem brain of depressed and suicidal subjects. In this study, we examined the role of PKC isozymes in depression and suicide. METHODS We determined the protein and mRNA expression of various PKC isozymes in the prefrontal cortical region (Brodmann area 9) in 24 normal control subjects, 24 depressed suicide (DS) subjects, and 12 depressed nonsuicide (DNS) subjects. The levels of mRNA in the prefrontal cortex were determined by quantitative real-time reverse transcription PCR, and the protein expression was determined by western blotting. RESULTS We observed a significant decrease in mRNA expression of PKCα, PKCβI, PKCδ, and PKCε and decreased protein expression in either the membrane or the cytosol fraction of PKC isozymes PKCα, PKCβI, PKCβII, and PKCδ in DS and DNS subjects compared with normal control subjects. CONCLUSIONS The current study provides detailed evidence of specific dysregulation of certain PKC isozymes in the postmortem brain of DS and DNS subjects and further supports earlier evidence for the role of PKC in the platelets and brain of the adult and teenage depressed and suicidal population. This comprehensive study may lead to further knowledge of the involvement of PKC in the pathophysiology of depression and suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghanshyam N Pandey
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA,Correspondence: Ghanshyam N. Pandey, PhD, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1601 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA ()
| | - Anuradha Sharma
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Hooriyah S Rizavi
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xinguo Ren
- University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Psychiatry, Chicago, IL, USA
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Bohaterewicz B, Nowicka M, Sobczak AM, Plewka AA, Gaszczyk P, Marek T. Clinical and Psychosocial Characteristics of Adolescent Pediatric Patients Hospitalized after Different Types of Suicidal Behaviors-A Preliminary Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155568. [PMID: 32752251 PMCID: PMC7432877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the clinical characteristics of adolescents hospitalized after a suicide attempt or instrumental suicide-related behavior. Participants included thirty-six adolescents from the pediatric unit of a Polish hospital who made a nonfatal suicide attempt (SAA) or engaged in instrumental suicide-related behavior (IBA), as well as a general population sample (GPS). Psychosocial features were measured using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (K-SADS), the Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), the Suicide Behaviors Questionnaire–Revised (SBQ-R), the Psychache Scale (TPS), the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC), and the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16). The SAA group scored significantly higher than the IBA group and the GPS in modules related to irritability and anhedonia, voice hallucinations and delusions, suicidal acts, thoughts and ideation, and medical lethality. Additionally, the SAA scored higher on the SBQ-R and PQ-16 compared to the IBA group and the GPS. Although anxiety, mental pain, and depressive symptoms could not independently distinguish between the SAA and IBA groups, psychotic symptoms were more frequently present within the SAA group. The above symptoms may be important to consider when screening for suicide risk in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Bohaterewicz
- Department of Psychology of Individual Differences, Psychological Diagnosis, and Psychometrics, Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (M.N.); (A.A.P.)
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Nowicka
- Department of Psychology of Individual Differences, Psychological Diagnosis, and Psychometrics, Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (M.N.); (A.A.P.)
| | - Anna M. Sobczak
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Cracow, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Aleksandra A. Plewka
- Department of Psychology of Individual Differences, Psychological Diagnosis, and Psychometrics, Institute of Psychology, University of Social Sciences and Humanities, 03-815 Warsaw, Poland; (B.B.); (M.N.); (A.A.P.)
| | - Patrycia Gaszczyk
- Department of Psychology, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK;
| | - Tadeusz Marek
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroergonomics, Institute of Applied Psychology, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Cracow, Poland;
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Pronounced prefronto-temporal cortical thinning in schizophrenia: Neuroanatomical correlate of suicidal behavior? Schizophr Res 2016; 176:151-157. [PMID: 27567290 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is characterized by increased mortality for which suicidality is the decisive factor. An analysis of cortical thickness and folding to further elucidate neuroanatomical correlates of suicidality in schizophrenia has not yet been performed. We searched for relevant brain regions with such differences between patients with suicide-attempts, patients without any suicidal thoughts and healthy controls. 37 schizophrenia patients (14 suicide-attempters and 23 non-suicidal) and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included. Suicidality was documented through clinical interview and chart review. All participants underwent T1-weighted MRI scans. Whole brain node-by-node cortical thickness and folding were estimated (FreeSurfer Software) and compared. Additionally a three group comparison for prefrontal regions-of-interest was performed in SPSS using a multifactorial GLM. Compared with the healthy controls patients showed a typical pattern of cortical thinning in prefronto-temporal regions and altered cortical folding in the right medial temporal cortex. Patients with suicidal behavior compared with non-suicidal patients demonstrated pronounced (p<0.05) cortical thinning in the right DLPFC and the superior temporal cortex. Comparing cortical thickness in suicidal patients with non-suicidal patients significant (p<0.05) cortical thinning was additionally found in the right superior and middle temporal, temporopolar and insular cortex. Our findings extend the evidence for neuroanatomical underpinnings of suicidal behaviour in schizophrenia. We identified cortical thinning in a network strongly involved in regulation of impulsivity, emotions and planning of behaviour in suicide attempters, which might lead to neuronal dysregulation in this network and consequently to a higher risk of suicidal behavior.
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Catechol-O-methyltransferase Val158Met polymorphism and altered COMT gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of suicide brains. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2014; 50:178-83. [PMID: 24389396 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) plays a key role in the degradation of catecholamine neurotransmitters within the brain. A functional polymorphism COMT Val158Met has been associated with psychiatric disorders including suicidal behavior. In the present study we examined whether this polymorphism was related to COMT mRNA expression in frontal cortical regions, and whether the expression of COMT differed between depressed suicide victims and psychiatric healthy controls. The Val158Met polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. The levels of COMT mRNA expression in the frontopolar cortex (FPC; 29 suicides vs. 27 controls) and orbital frontal cortex (OFC; 19 suicides vs. 15 controls) were significantly increased among depressed individuals that died by suicide relative to those of controls, being up-regulated by approximately 60% and 65% in the FPC and OFC, respectively. Furthermore, among individuals with the Met allele (Met/Met and Met/Val genotypes) who died by suicide COMT mRNA expression was elevated relative to that of the nondepressed Met allele carriers. However, significant differences were not detected between suicides (n=49) and controls (n=72) with respect to the Val158Met genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies. These results are consistent with the perspective that altered COMT mRNA expression in frontal cortical brain regions might contribute to suicide and/or depression, further supporting the role of dysregulation of catecholaminergic pathway genes in the pathophysiology of suicide behaviors.
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Giakoumatos CI, Tandon N, Shah J, Mathew IT, Brady RO, Clementz BA, Pearlson GD, Thaker GK, Tamminga CA, Sweeney JA, Keshavan MS. Are structural brain abnormalities associated with suicidal behavior in patients with psychotic disorders? J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47:1389-95. [PMID: 23866739 PMCID: PMC4075042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 06/09/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Suicide represents a major health problem world-wide. Nevertheless, the understanding of the neurobiological underpinnings of suicidal behavior remains far from complete. We compared suicide attempters to non-attempters, and high vs. low lethality attempters, to identify brain regions associated with suicidal behavior in patients with psychotic disorders. 489 individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, or psychotic bipolar disorder I and 262 healthy controls enrolled in the B-SNIP study were studied. Groups were compared by attempt history and the highest medical lethality of previous suicide attempts. 97 patients had a history of a high lethality attempt, 51 of a low lethality attempt and 341 had no attempt history. Gray matter volumes were obtained from 3T structural MRI scans using FreeSurfer. ANCOVAs were used to examine differences between groups, followed by Hochberg multiple comparison correction. Compared to non-attempters, attempters had significantly less gray matter volume in bilateral inferior temporal and superior temporal cortices, left superior parietal, thalamus and supramarginal regions, right insula, superior frontal and rostral middle frontal regions. Among attempters, a history of high lethality attempts was associated with significantly smaller volumes in the left lingual gyrus and right cuneus. Compared to non-attempters, low lethality attempters had significant decreases in the left supramarginal gyrus, thalamus and the right insula. Structural brain abnormalities may distinguish suicide attempters from non-attempters and high from low lethality attempters among individuals with psychotic disorders. Regions in which differences were observed are part of neural circuitries that mediate inhibition, impulsivity and emotion, visceral, visual and auditory perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoforos I Giakoumatos
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Neeraj Tandon
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
| | - Jai Shah
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut,
| | - Ian T Mathew
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
| | - Roscoe O Brady
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
| | - Brett A Clementz
- Departments of Psychology and Neuroscience, Bio-Imaging Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia,
| | - Godfrey D Pearlson
- Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Hartford Hospital/Institute of Living, Hartford, Connecticut,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut,Department of Neurobiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut,
| | - Gunvant K Thaker
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland,
| | - Carol A Tamminga
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas,
| | - John A Sweeney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois,Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical School, Dallas, Texas,
| | - Matcheri S Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts,
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Abstract
Suicide and bipolar disorder (BD) are challenging, complex, and intertwined areas of study in contemporary psychiatry. Indeed, BD is associated with the highest lifetime risk for suicide attempt and completion of all the psychiatric conditions. Given that several clinical risk factors for both suicide and BD have been well noted in the literature, exploring the neurobiological aspects of suicide in BD may provide insights into both preventive measures and future novel treatments. This review synthesizes findings regarding the neurobiological aspects of suicide and, when applicable, their link to BD. Neurochemical findings, genes/epigenetics, and potential molecular targets for current or future treatments are discussed. The role of endophenotypes and related proximal and distal risk factors underlying suicidal behavior are also explored. Lastly, we discuss the manner in which preclinical work on aggression and impulsivity may provide additional insights for the future development of novel treatments.
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Lewitzka U, Doucette S, Seemüller F, Grof P, Duffy AC. Biological indicators of suicide risk in youth with mood disorders: what do we know so far? Curr Psychiatry Rep 2012; 14:705-12. [PMID: 22996299 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-012-0329-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal behaviour in youth is a major public health concern worldwide, and youth in the early stages of a primary mood disorder are an identifiable high-risk population. Neurobiological research in youth at risk for suicidality has sought to investigate the most promising parameters from research in adults. The present paper provides an overview of the current findings of neurobiological research in children and adolescents with mood disorders and suicidality including genetic/epigenetic findings, neuro-hormonal and immunological investigations. Longitudinal research in high-risk youth is a powerful way to investigate the influences and their pathways in determining suicidal risk in the context of a developing mood disorder. In the meantime, there are clear clinical indicators of risk to help identify youth who would benefit from close surveillance and early intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Lewitzka
- Department of Psychiatry, IWK Health Centre, Dalhousie University, 5850 University Ave, Halifax, B3K 6R8, Canada.
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