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Bu H, Liu IKF, Yu NX. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Parenting Interventions on Enhancing Parental Resilience Resources and Reducing Children's Problem Behaviors in Chinese Cross-Boundary Families: Positive Benefits and Moderation Effects. Behav Ther 2024; 55:485-498. [PMID: 38670663 DOI: 10.1016/j.beth.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Daily cross-boundary schooling between Shenzhen and Hong Kong constitutes a constant challenge for Chinese cross-boundary families in terms of parenting burden. To address their most urgent parenting needs, we adapted and evaluated two intervention approaches-improving emotional regulation and providing knowledge about Hong Kong. A cluster randomized controlled trial with repeated assessments (pre-, post-intervention, and one-month follow-up) was adopted to evaluate the intervention effects on the increases of parental resilience resources and reduction of children's problem behaviors. We further conducted moderation analyses to investigate whether parents with more increases in parental resilience resources would report a greater reduction in children's problem behaviors. A total of 214 mothers of cross-boundary families were randomly assigned to the emotional regulation arm (ER, n = 120) or the information provision arm (IP, n = 94). Both intervention arms showed positive effects on emotional regulation strategies, and the IP arm outperformed the ER arm in knowledge acquisition. Both arms showed significant and comparable improvements in parental self-efficacy and children's problem behaviors. Moreover, participants in the IP arm who reported more improvements in parental resilience resources showed a greater reduction in children's problem behaviors. By adapting two interventions to a new population of cross-boundary families, this trial extended the benefits from parents to children and demonstrated that the improvement of parental resilience resources makes a difference in reducing children's problem behaviors in the IP arm. Future studies are suggested to focus on parental resilience resources and maximize the benefits on children's outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Bu
- City University of Hong Kong
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LaMonica HM, Song YJC, Loblay V, Ekambareshwar M, Naderbagi A, Zahed IUM, Troy J, Hickie IB. Promoting social, emotional, and cognitive development in early childhood: A protocol for early valuation of a culturally adapted digital tool for supporting optimal childrearing practices. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241242559. [PMID: 38596404 PMCID: PMC11003334 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241242559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective The Thrive by Five app promotes positive interactions between children and parents, extended family, and trusted community members that support optimal socio-emotional and cognitive development in the early years. This article aims to describe the protocol for a prospective mixed-methods multi-site study evaluating Thrive by Five using surveys, interviews, workshops, audio diaries from citizen ethnographers and app usage data. Methods The study activities and timelines differ by site, with an extensive longitudinal evaluation being conducted at two sites and a basic evaluation being conducted at five sites. The learnings from the more comprehensive evaluations inform the iterative research and development processes while also ensuring ongoing evaluation of usability, acceptability and effectiveness of the app and its content across varying contexts. The study evaluates: (1) the impact of the Thrive by Five content on caregiver knowledge, behaviours, attitudes and confidence; (2) how the content changes relationships at the familial, community and system level; (3) how cultural and contextual factors influence content engagement and effectiveness and (4) the processes that facilitate or disrupt the success of the implementation and dissemination. Results All in-country partners have been identified and data collection has been completed in Indonesia, Malaysia, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Namibia and Cameroon. Conclusions Very few digital health solutions have been trialled for usability and effectiveness in diverse cultural contexts. By combining quantitative, qualitative, process and ethnographic methodologies, this innovative study informs the iterative and ongoing optimisation of the cultural and contextual sensitivity of the Thrive by Five content and the processes supporting implementation and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley M LaMonica
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yun J. C. Song
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Victoria Loblay
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Aila Naderbagi
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Jakelin Troy
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian B. Hickie
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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LaMonica HM, Crouse JJ, Song YJC, Alam M, Wilson CE, Hindmarsh G, Yoon A, Boulton KA, Ekambareshwar M, Loblay V, Troy J, Torwali M, Guastella AJ, Banati RB, Hickie IB. Developing Culturally Appropriate Content for a Child-Rearing App to Support Young Children's Socioemotional and Cognitive Development in Afghanistan: Co-Design Study. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e44267. [PMID: 37610805 PMCID: PMC10483291 DOI: 10.2196/44267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Optimal child-rearing practices can help mitigate the consequences of detrimental social determinants of health in early childhood. Given the ubiquity of personal digital technologies worldwide, the direct delivery of evidence-based information about early childhood development holds great promise. However, to make the content of these novel systems effective, it is crucial to incorporate place-based cultural beliefs, traditions, circumstances, and value systems of end users. OBJECTIVE This paper describes the iterative approach used to develop the Thrive by Five child-rearing app in collaboration with Afghan parents, caregivers (eg, grandparents, aunts, and nannies), and subject matter experts (SMEs). We outline how co-design methodologies informed the development and cultural contextualization of content to meet the specific needs of Afghan parents and the content was tested and refined in collaboration with key Afghan stakeholders. METHODS The preliminary content was developed based on a comprehensive literature review of the historical and sociocultural contexts in Afghanistan, including factors that influence child-rearing practices and early childhood development. After an initial review and refinement based on feedback from SMEs, this content was populated into a beta app for testing. Overall, 8 co-design workshops were conducted in July and August 2021 and February 2022 with 39 Afghan parents and caregivers and 6 SMEs to collect their feedback on the app and its content. The workshops were audio recorded and transcribed; detailed field notes were taken by 2 scribes. A theoretical thematic analysis using semantic codes was conducted to inform the refinement of existing content and development of new content to fulfill the needs identified by participants. RESULTS The following 4 primary themes were identified: child-rearing in the Afghan sociocultural context, safety concerns, emotion and behavior management, and physical health and nutrition. Overall, participants agreed that the app had the potential to deliver valuable information to Afghan parents; however, owing to the volatility in the country, participants recommended including more activities that could be safely done indoors, as mothers and children are required to spend most of their time at home. Additionally, restrictions on public engagement in music required the removal of activities referencing singing that might be performed outside the home. Further, activities to help parents reduce their children's screen time, promote empathy, manage emotions, regulate behavior, and improve physical health and nutrition were requested. CONCLUSIONS Direct engagement with Afghan parents, caregivers, and SMEs through co-design workshops enabled the development and refinement of evidence-based, localized, and contextually relevant child-rearing activities promoting healthy social, emotional, and cognitive development during the first 5 years of children's lives. Importantly, the content was adapted for the ongoing conflict in Afghanistan with the aim of empowering Afghan parents and caregivers to support their children's developmental potential despite the security concerns and situational stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haley M LaMonica
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jacob J Crouse
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yun J C Song
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mafruha Alam
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Chloe E Wilson
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gabrielle Hindmarsh
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam Yoon
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Kelsie A Boulton
- Clinic for Autism and Neurodevelopment Research, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mahalakshmi Ekambareshwar
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Victoria Loblay
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jakelin Troy
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mujahid Torwali
- Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Adam J Guastella
- Clinic for Autism and Neurodevelopment Research, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard B Banati
- Medical Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ian B Hickie
- Youth Mental Health and Technology Team, Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Li Y, Peng T, Xu H, Lian J, Lei J, Huang Z, Lin J, Zheng Q, Zhao C, Huang Y, Wang W, Yang G, Liang R, Dai Y, Luo X. Behavioral and emotional problems and related risk factors of primary school children aged 6-11 in Guangdong, China. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2023; 15:e12526. [PMID: 36858802 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND China has seen rapid urbanization and industrialization in recent decades and children behavioral and emotional problems accompanied have been a heavy burden on family and society. We therefore aimed to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of behavioral and emotional problems in primary school children aged 6-11 in an urbanized area of China. METHODS Primary school children aged 6-11 from 15 primary schools were enrolled from Shunde District, Guangdong. The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to assess behavioral and emotional problems and then determined risk factors associated with the behavioral and emotional problems. RESULTS In total, 12 868 were included in the present analysis. The prevalence of total behavioral and emotional problems was 8.4% (95% CI, 7.9%-8.9%), which was gradually increased with age in both boys and girls. The prevalence was higher in boys than girls (9.8% vs. 6.8%, p < .001) and in children without siblings than those with siblings (9.9% vs. 8.1%, p = .006). In boys, age was positively associated with delinquent behavior, depression, poor contact, compulsive activity, social withdrawal, attention problems and aggressive behavior and was negatively associated with schizoid (p < .05). While in girls, age was positively associated with delinquent behavior, somatic complaints, social withdrawal and schizoid/compulsive activity but was negatively associated with aggressive behavior and sexual problems (p < .05). CONCLUSION Behavioral and emotional problems are common in primary school children in the urbanized area of China and are associated with sex and siblings. These findings suggest that close attention should be given to these primary school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaodong Li
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ting Peng
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Huanyu Xu
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jie Lian
- Southwest Campus of Shunde No.1 High School, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiarong Lei
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Zaiping Huang
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jieping Lin
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingmei Zheng
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Cai Zhao
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Rongdi Liang
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Dai
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaonian Luo
- Shunde Wu Zhong Pei Memory Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
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Luo N, Ibrahim R, Abidin SZ. Transformation of Children's Paintings into Public Art to Improve Public Spaces and Enhance People's Happiness. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16780. [PMID: 36554658 PMCID: PMC9779396 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Characteristics of children's paintings have been suggested considered for application in public art since they are known to positively evoke a sense of well-being when people see them. This study aims to understand the impact of artistic features from children's drawings on people's well-being; then analyzing the adaptive design principles of 3D public art featuring children's paintings on people's happiness; and finally, exploring the influence of 3D public art featuring children's paintings on improving public spaces and enhancing people's well-being. The results lead to proposing a conceptual framework for public artworks in public spaces for improving people's happiness. The proposed conceptual framework recommends that, by applying the visual and thinking features of children's paintings to public art, artists can design high-quality artworks suitable for a city, which could improve people's happiness in public spaces. This study recommends further research into how public art can promote public spaces and shape the urban culture. It contributes to enhancing the quality of public art and public spaces, and inspiring a sense of well-being among citizens through the use of appropriate public art. The results are significant because they will help artists to create more high-quality public artworks for urban public spaces in order to evoke people's happiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Luo
- Faculty of Design and Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- School of Education Science, Baise University, Baise 533000, China
| | - Rahinah Ibrahim
- Faculty of Design and Architecture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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LaMonica HM, Crouse JJ, Song YJC, Alam M, Ekambareshwar M, Loblay V, Yoon A, Cha G, Wilson C, Sweeney-Nash M, Foo N, Teo M, Perhirin M, Troy J, Hickie IB. Developing a Parenting App to Support Young Children’s Socioemotional and Cognitive Development in Culturally Diverse Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Protocol for a Co-design Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2022; 11:e39225. [DOI: 10.2196/39225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Digital technologies are widely recognized for their equalizing effect, improving access to affordable health care regardless of gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or geographic region. The Thrive by Five app is designed to promote positive interactions between children and their parents, extended family, and trusted members of the community to support socioemotional and cognitive development in the first 5 years of life and to strengthen connections to culture and community.
Objective
This paper aims to describe the iterative co-design process that underpins the development and refinement of Thrive by Five’s features, functions, and content. Minderoo Foundation commissioned this work as a quality improvement activity to support an engaging user experience and inform the development of culturally appropriate and relevant content for parents and caregivers in each country where the app is implemented.
Methods
The app content, referred to as Collective Actions, comprises “The Why,” that presents scientific principles that underpin socioemotional and cognitive development in early childhood. The scientific information is coupled with childrearing activities for parents, extended family, and members of the community to engage in with the children to support their healthy development and to promote positive connections between parents, families, and communities and these young children. Importantly, the initial content is designed and iteratively refined in collaboration with a subject matter expert group from each country (ie, alpha testing). This content is then configured into the app (either a beta version or localized version) for testing (ie, beta testing) by local parents and caregivers as well as experts who are invited to provide their feedback and suggestions for improvements in app content, features, and functions via a brief web-based survey and a series of co-design workshops. The quantitative survey data will be analyzed using descriptive statistics, whereas the analysis of qualitative data from the workshops will follow established thematic techniques.
Results
To date, the co-design protocol has been completed with subject matter experts, parents, and caregivers from 9 countries, with the first results expected to be published by early 2023. The protocol will be implemented serially in the remaining 21 countries.
Conclusions
Mobile technologies are the primary means of internet connection in many countries worldwide, which underscores the potential for mobile health programs to improve access to valuable, evidence-based, and previously unavailable parenting information. However, for maximum impact, it is critically important to ensure that mobile health programs are designed in collaboration with the target audience to support the alignment of content with parents’ cultural values and traditions and its relevance to their needs and circumstances.
International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/39225
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Sullivan ADW, Forehand R, Acosta J, Parent J, Comer JS, Loiselle R, Jones DJ. COVID-19 and the Acceleration of Behavioral Parent Training Telehealth: Current Status and Future Directions. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2021; 28:618-629. [PMID: 34629838 PMCID: PMC8488182 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2021.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-COV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated social distancing guidelines have accelerated the telehealth transition in mental health. For those providing Behavioral Parent Training (BPT), this transition has called for moving sessions that are traditionally clinic-based, active, and directive to engaging, supporting, and treating families of children with behavior disorders remotely in their homes. Whereas many difficulties accompany this transition, the lessons learned during the current public health crisis have the potential to transform BPT service delivery on a large scale in ways that address many of its long-standing limitations. We describe both challenges and opportunities and consider the possibilities inherent in a large scale BPT service delivery model capable of increasing the reach and impact of evidence-based treatment for all families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Juliana Acosta
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University
| | - Justin Parent
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University
| | - Jonathan S Comer
- Center for Children and Families, Florida International University
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