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Torres-Carmona E, Ueno F, Iwata Y, Nakajima S, Song J, Mar W, Abdolizadeh A, Agarwal SM, de Luca V, Remington G, Gerretsen P, Graff-Guerrero A. Elevated intrinsic cortical curvature in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: Evidence of structural deformation in functional connectivity areas and comparison with alternate indices of structure. Schizophr Res 2024; 269:103-113. [PMID: 38761434 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests structural and connectivity abnormalities in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) compared to first-line responders and healthy-controls. However, measures of these abnormalities are often influenced by external factors like nicotine and antipsychotics, limiting their clinical utility. Intrinsic-cortical-curvature (ICC) presents a millimetre-scale measure of brain gyrification, highly sensitive to schizophrenia differences, and associated with TRS-like traits in early stages of the disorder. Despite this evidence, ICC in TRS remains unexplored. This study investigates ICC as a marker for treatment resistance in TRS, alongside structural indices for comparison. METHODS We assessed ICC in anterior cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal, temporal, and parietal cortices of 38 first-line responders, 30 clozapine-resistant TRS, 37 clozapine-responsive TRS, and 52 healthy-controls. For comparative purposes, Fold and Curvature indices were also analyzed. RESULTS Adjusting for age, sex, nicotine-use, and chlorpromazine equivalence, principal findings indicate ICC elevations in the left hemisphere dorsolateral prefrontal (p < 0.001, η2partial = 0.142) and temporal cortices (LH p = 0.007, η2partial = 0.060; RH p = 0.011, η2partial = 0.076) of both TRS groups, and left anterior cingulate cortex of clozapine-resistant TRS (p = 0.026, η2partial = 0.065), compared to healthy-controls. Elevations that correlated with reduced cognition (p = 0.001) and negative symptomology (p < 0.034) in clozapine-resistant TRS. Fold and Curvature indices only detected group differences in the right parietal cortex, showing interactions with age, sex, and nicotine use. ICC showed interactions with age. CONCLUSION ICC elevations were found among patients with TRS, and correlated with symptom severity. ICCs relative independence from sex, nicotine-use, and antipsychotics, may support ICC's potential as a viable marker for TRS, though age interactions should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgardo Torres-Carmona
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fumihiko Ueno
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yusuke Iwata
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakajima
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University, Minato, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jianmeng Song
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Wanna Mar
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ali Abdolizadeh
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sri Mahavir Agarwal
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vincenzo de Luca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Philip Gerretsen
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Campbell Institute Research Program, CAMH, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Moghaddam HS, Parsaei M, Taghavizanjani F, Cattarinussi G, Aarabi MH, Sambataro F. White matter alterations in affective and non-affective early psychosis: A diffusion MRI study. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:615-623. [PMID: 38290585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The early years after the onset of psychotic disorders, known as "early psychosis" (EP) are critical to determining the path of psychosis trajectory. We used a Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DMRI) connectometry approach to assess the microstructural changes of white matter (WM) associated with EP. METHODS We used the Human Connectome Project in Early Psychosis (HCP-EP) dataset to collect DMRI data from patients with EP. The imaging data were processed in the Montreal Neuroimaging Initiative space and transformed into quantitative anisotropy (QA). The QA value was translated into the WM connectivity of each tract and used in the subsequent analysis. RESULTS 121 patients with EP (94 non-affective/27 affective) and 56 healthy controls were recruited. EP was associated with increased QA in the body and tapetum of corpus callosum (CC) and decreased QA in the bilateral cerebellum, and middle cerebellar peduncle. Compared to non-affective psychosis, affective psychosis showed increased QA in the bilateral cerebellum and vermis and decreased QA in the forceps minor, body of CC, right cingulum, and bilateral inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus. Furthermore, QA changes in several WM tracts were correlated with positive and negative symptom scale scores. LIMITATIONS DMRI intrinsic limitations, limited sample size, and neurobiological effects of psychotropic treatment. CONCLUSIONS EP is associated with alterations in WM connectivity primarily in the CC and cerebellar regions. Also, affective and non-affective psychosis have distinct alterations in WM connectivity. These results can be used for the early diagnosis and differentiation of psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammadamin Parsaei
- Maternal, Fetal & Neonatal Research Center, Family Health Research Institute, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fateme Taghavizanjani
- Psychiatric Research Center, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
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3
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Grosu C, Klauser P, Dwir D, Khadimallah I, Alemán-Gómez Y, Laaboub N, Piras M, Fournier M, Preisig M, Conus P, Draganski B, Eap CB. Associations between antipsychotics-induced weight gain and brain networks of impulsivity. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:162. [PMID: 38531873 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Given the unpredictable rapid onset and ubiquitous consequences of weight gain induced by antipsychotics, there is a pressing need to get insights into the underlying processes at the brain system level that will allow stratification of "at risk" patients. The pathophysiological hypothesis at hand is focused on brain networks governing impulsivity that are modulated by neuro-inflammatory processes. To this aim, we investigated brain anatomy and functional connectivity in patients with early psychosis (median age: 23 years, IQR = 21-27) using anthropometric data and magnetic resonance imaging acquired one month to one year after initiation of AP medication. Our analyses included 19 patients with high and rapid weight gain (i.e., ≥5% from baseline weight after one month) and 23 patients with low weight gain (i.e., <5% from baseline weight after one month). We replicated our analyses in young (26 years, IQR = 22-33, N = 102) and middle-aged (56 years, IQR = 51-62, N = 875) healthy individuals from the general population. In early psychosis patients, higher weight gain was associated with poor impulse control score (β = 1.35; P = 0.03). Here, the observed brain differences comprised nodes of impulsivity networks - reduced frontal lobe grey matter volume (Pcorrected = 0.007) and higher striatal volume (Pcorrected = 0.048) paralleled by disruption of fronto-striatal functional connectivity (R = -0.32; P = 0.04). Weight gain was associated with the inflammatory biomarker plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (β = 4.9, P = 0.002). There was no significant association between increased BMI or weight gain and brain anatomy characteristics in both cohorts of young and middle-aged healthy individuals. Our findings support the notion of weight gain in treated psychotic patients associated with poor impulse control, impulsivity-related brain networks and chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Grosu
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland.
| | - Paul Klauser
- Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Daniella Dwir
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Ines Khadimallah
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Yasser Alemán-Gómez
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
- Connectomics Lab, Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nermine Laaboub
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Marianna Piras
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Margot Fournier
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Martin Preisig
- Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, Prilly, Switzerland
| | - Bogdan Draganski
- Laboratory for Research in Neuroimaging LREN, Centre for Research in Neuroscience - Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Neurology Department, Max-Planck-Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Chin B Eap
- Unit of Pharmacogenetics and Clinical Psychopharmacology, Centre for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Prilly, Switzerland.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Center for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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4
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Mamah D, Chen S, Shimony JS, Harms MP. Tract-based analyses of white matter in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, aging, and dementia using high spatial and directional resolution diffusion imaging: a pilot study. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1240502. [PMID: 38362028 PMCID: PMC10867155 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1240502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Structural brain connectivity abnormalities have been associated with several psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic disabling disorder associated with accelerated aging and increased risk of dementia, though brain findings in the disorder have rarely been directly compared to those that occur with aging. Methods We used an automated approach to reconstruct key white matter tracts and assessed tract integrity in five participant groups. We acquired one-hour-long high-directional diffusion MRI data from young control (CON, n =28), bipolar disorder (BPD, n =21), and SCZ (n =22) participants aged 18-30, and healthy elderly (ELD, n =15) and dementia (DEM, n =9) participants. Volume, fractional (FA), radial diffusivity (RD) and axial diffusivity (AD) of seven key white matter tracts (anterior thalamic radiation, ATR; dorsal and ventral cingulum bundle, CBD and CBV; corticospinal tract, CST; and the three superior longitudinal fasciculi: SLF-1, SLF-2 and SLF-3) were analyzed with TRACULA. Group comparisons in tract metrics were performed using multivariate and univariate analyses. Clinical relationships of tract metrics with recent and chronic symptoms were assessed in SCZ and BPD participants. Results A MANOVA showed group differences in FA (λ=0.5; p=0.0002) and RD (λ=0.35; p<0.0001) across the seven tracts, but no significant differences in tract AD and volume. Post-hoc analyses indicated lower tract FA and higher RD in ELD and DEM groups compared to CON, BPD and SCZ groups. Lower FA and higher RD in SCZ compared to CON did not meet statistical significance. In SCZ participants, a significant negative correlation was found between chronic psychosis severity and FA in the SLF-1 (r= -0.45; p=0.035), SLF-2 (r= -0.49; p=0.02) and SLF-3 (r= -0.44; p=0.042). Discussion Our results indicate impaired white matter tract integrity in elderly populations consistent with myelin damage. Impaired tract integrity in SCZ is most prominent in patients with advanced illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mamah
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - ShingShiun Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Joshua S. Shimony
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Michael P. Harms
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States
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5
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Jiang X, Zai CC, Kennedy KG, Zou Y, Nikolova YS, Felsky D, Young LT, MacIntosh BJ, Goldstein BI. Association of polygenic risk for bipolar disorder with grey matter structure and white matter integrity in youth. Transl Psychiatry 2023; 13:322. [PMID: 37852985 PMCID: PMC10584947 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02607-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a gap in knowledge regarding the polygenic underpinnings of brain anomalies observed in youth bipolar disorder (BD). This study examined the association of a polygenic risk score for BD (BD-PRS) with grey matter structure and white matter integrity in youth with and without BD. 113 participants were included in the analyses, including 78 participants with both T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI images, 32 participants with T1-weighted images only, and 3 participants with diffusion-weighted images only. BD-PRS was calculated using PRS-CS-auto and was based on independent adult genome-wide summary statistics. Vertex- and voxel-wise analyses examined the associations of BD-PRS with grey matter metrics (cortical volume [CV], cortical surface area [CSA], cortical thickness [CTh]) and fractional anisotropy [FA] in the combined sample, and separately in BD and HC. In the combined sample of participants with T1-weighted images (n = 110, 66 BD, 44 HC), higher BD-PRS was associated with smaller grey matter metrics in frontal and temporal regions. In within-group analyses, higher BD-PRS was associated with lower CTh of frontal, temporal, and fusiform gyrus in BD, and with lower CV and CSA of superior frontal gyrus in HC. In the combined sample of participants with diffusion-weighted images (n = 81, 49 BD, 32 HC), higher BD-PRS was associated with lower FA in widespread white matter regions. In summary, BD-PRS calculated based on adult genetic data was negatively associated with grey matter structure and FA in youth in regions implicated in BD, which may suggest neuroimaging markers of vulnerability to BD. Future longitudinal studies are needed to examine whether BD-PRS predicts neurodevelopmental changes in BD vs. HC and its interaction with course of illness and long-term medication use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Jiang
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kody G Kennedy
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yi Zou
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Felsky
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Trevor Young
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bradley J MacIntosh
- Sandra E Black Centre for Brain Resilience and Recovery, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Benjamin I Goldstein
- Centre for Youth Bipolar Disorder, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Ulukorkut S, Ulukorkut ZC, Emul M. White matter changes and its relationship with clinical symptom in medication-naive first-episode early onset schizophrenia. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 87:103683. [PMID: 37379645 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samil Ulukorkut
- University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Murat Emul
- Division of Molecular Neuroscience, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Switzerland.
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Mao J, Fan K, Zhang Y, Wen N, Fang X, Ye X, Chen Y. 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) may improve cognitive function: An exploratory study of schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19912. [PMID: 37809845 PMCID: PMC10559318 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations is more prominent compared to those without. Our study aimed to investigate the cognitive improvement effects of 10 Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in schizophrenia with auditory hallucinations. Methods A total of 60 schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucinations in this study were randomly assigned to sham or active group. Both groups received 10 Hz or sham rTMS targeted in left DLPFC for 20 sessions. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), the Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS), the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), and the Udvalg for Kliniske Under-sogelser (UKU) side effect scale were used to measure psychiatric symptoms, auditory hallucinations, cognition, and side reaction, respectively. Results Our results indicated that the active group experienced greater improvements in RBANS-total score (P = 0.043) and immediate memory subscale score (P = 0.001). Additionally, the PANSS-total score, negative and positive subscale score were obviously lower in the active group compared to the sham group (all P < 0.050). Furthermore, our study found that the improvement of RBANS-total score was positively associated with the decline of positive factor score, and the improvement of language score in RBANS was positively associated with the reduction in PANSS-total scale, negative and positive subscale score in the real stimulation group (all P < 0.050). Conclusion Our results demonstrated that a four-week intervention of 10 Hz rTMS over the left DLPFC can improve cognition (particularly immediate memory) among schizophrenia patients with auditory hallucinations. Future studies with larger sample size are needful to verify our preliminary findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankai Mao
- Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Kaili Fan
- Wenzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yaoyao Zhang
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Na Wen
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
| | - Xiangming Ye
- Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Yi Chen
- The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorder, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, PR China
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Bellani M, Perlini C, Zovetti N, Rossetti MG, Alessandrini F, Barillari M, Ricciardi GK, Konze A, Sberna M, Zoccatelli G, Lasalvia A, Miceli M, Neri G, Torresani S, Mazzi F, Scocco P, D'Agostino A, Imbesi M, Veronese A, Ruggeri M, Brambilla P. Incidental findings on brain MRI in patients with first-episode and chronic psychosis. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2022; 326:111518. [PMID: 36037703 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2022.111518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Brain incidental findings (IFs) are unexpected brain abnormalities detected by a structural magnetic resonance (MRI) examination. We conducted a study to assess whether brain IFs are associated with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and chronic psychosis (affective vs. non-affective) compared to healthy controls (HC). Chi-squared analyses were run to compare the frequency of several IFs across groups. Logistic regression analyses were run to explore the association between group and IFs, accounting for sex, age, MRI field strength. We observed a higher frequency of most IFs in both FEP and chronic psychosis groups compared to HC, however most of the chi-squared tests did not reach significance. Patients with FEP and chronic psychosis were 3-4 times more likely to show deep white matter hyperintensities (WMH) than HC. Patients with FEP and affective chronic psychosis were 3-4 times more likely to show ventricular asymmetries than HC. All chronic patients were more likely to show periventricular WMH, liquoral spaces enlargements and ventricular system enlargements respectively. Our results suggest that deep WMH and ventricular asymmetries are associated with both the early and the chronic stages of psychosis, thus representing potential vulnerability factors already present before the onset of the symptoms, possibly due to neurodevelopmental insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Bellani
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy.
| | - Cinzia Perlini
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Psychology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Niccolò Zovetti
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maria Gloria Rossetti
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Franco Alessandrini
- Neuroradiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Barillari
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Angela Konze
- Department of Radiology, Azienda USL Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - Maurizio Sberna
- Department of Neuroradiology, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giada Zoccatelli
- Neuroradiology Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Antonio Lasalvia
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Maurizio Miceli
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction, Azienda Sanitaria Toscana Centro, Firenze, Italy
| | - Giovanni Neri
- Agenzia Sanitaria e Sociale Regionale, Regione Emilia Romagna, Verona, Italy
| | - Stefano Torresani
- Department of Mental Health, District of Bolzano, Health Service of South Tyrol, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Scocco
- Department of Mental Health, AULSS 6 Euganea, Padua, Italy
| | - Armando D'Agostino
- Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Mirella Ruggeri
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona, AOUI Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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9
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Song P, Wang Y, Yuan X, Wang S, Song X. Exploring Brain Structural and Functional Biomarkers in Schizophrenia via Brain-Network-Constrained Multi-View SCCA. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:879703. [PMID: 35794950 PMCID: PMC9252525 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.879703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have proved that dynamic regional measures extracted from the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, such as the dynamic fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (d-fALFF), could provide a great insight into brain dynamic characteristics of the schizophrenia. However, the unimodal feature is limited for delineating the complex patterns of brain deficits. Thus, functional and structural imaging data are usually analyzed together for uncovering the neural mechanism of schizophrenia. Investigation of neural function-structure coupling enables to find the potential biomarkers and further helps to understand the biological basis of schizophrenia. Here, a brain-network-constrained multi-view sparse canonical correlation analysis (BN-MSCCA) was proposed to explore the intrinsic associations between brain structure and dynamic brain function. Specifically, the d-fALFF was first acquired based on the sliding window method, whereas the gray matter map was computed based on voxel-based morphometry analysis. Then, the region-of-interest (ROI)-based features were extracted and further selected by performing the multi-view sparse canonical correlation analysis jointly with the diagnosis information. Moreover, the brain-network-based structural constraint was introduced to prompt the detected biomarkers more interpretable. The experiments were conducted on 191 patients with schizophrenia and 191 matched healthy controls. Results showed that the BN-MSCCA could identify the critical ROIs with more sparse canonical weight patterns, which are corresponding to the specific brain networks. These are biologically meaningful findings and could be treated as the potential biomarkers. The proposed method also obtained a higher canonical correlation coefficient for the testing data, which is more consistent with the results on training data, demonstrating its promising capability for the association identification. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the potential clinical applications, the detected biomarkers were further analyzed on a schizophrenia-control classification task and a correlation analysis task. The experimental results showed that our method had a superior performance with a 5–8% increment in accuracy and 6–10% improvement in area under the curve. Furthermore, two of the top-ranked biomarkers were significantly negatively correlated with the positive symptom score of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Overall, the proposed method could find the association between brain structure and dynamic brain function, and also help to identify the biological meaningful biomarkers of schizophrenia. The findings enable our further understanding of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peilun Song
- School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- School of Information Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yaping Wang
| | - Xiuxia Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Biological Psychiatry International Joint Laboratory of Henan/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Biological Psychiatry International Joint Laboratory of Henan/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Song
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Biological Psychiatry International Joint Laboratory of Henan/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Xueqin Song
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