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Bayliss LT, Lamont-Mills A, du Plessis C. "I Will Die by My Own Hand": Understanding the Development of Suicide Capability in the Narratives of Individuals Who Have Attempted Suicide. QUALITATIVE HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:10497323241235861. [PMID: 38914024 DOI: 10.1177/10497323241235861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Suicide capability is a multidimensional concept that facilitates the movement from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt. The three-step theory of suicide posits that three overarching contributors comprise suicide capability: acquired (fearlessness about death and high pain tolerance), dispositional (genetics), and practical (knowledge and access to lethal means) capability. Although extensive research has investigated relationships between individual contributors of capability and suicide attempts, little research has considered how an individual's capability for suicide develops as a combination of contributors. Given suicide is multifaceted and complex, our understanding of capability development is relatively limited. This potentially negatively impacts prevention and capacity reduction-focused intervention efficacy. Therefore, this study aimed to explore how suicide capability develops. Fourteen community-based suicide attempt survivors were recruited using convenience sampling. Individual narratives were collected using open-ended interviews, and data were analysed using narrative analysis. Results indicated that participant narratives contained two elements. The first included how capability development and suicide attempt facilitation were often underpinned by the relational interplay between acquired and practical contributors. For example, participants without a high pain tolerance seeking attempt methods that were perceived to be painless. The second element contained a novel finding relating to the agentic role of participants when deciding and attempting suicide. Agency was revealed within and across narratives emphasising the active role the individual plays in their movement from ideation-to-action. The role of individual agency in coming to a decision to take one's own life and then acting warrants further consideration within contemporary suicide theories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke T Bayliss
- School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD, Australia
| | - Andrea Lamont-Mills
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD, Australia
- Academic Affairs Division, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD, Australia
| | - Carol du Plessis
- School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, QLD, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, QLD, Australia
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Tandon R. Suicide prevention: A public health imperative Asian Journal of Psychiatry Collection 2018-2024. Asian J Psychiatr 2024; 96:104094. [PMID: 38789362 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Tandon
- Department of Psychiatry, WMU Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI, USA.
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Okada M, Matsumoto R, Motomura E. Suicide mortality rates in Japan before and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic era. PCN REPORTS : PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES 2024; 3:e188. [PMID: 38868081 PMCID: PMC11114309 DOI: 10.1002/pcn5.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Statistical analyses from Japan reported increasing suicides in 2020, first in the world, proving the severity of the public health crisis during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, so far, international suicides have not been shown to be objectively increasing at population level. Followed studies reported the existence of a substantial heterogeneity of suicides among subgroups and time-lag impacts. Against public health crisis in Japan, policymakers, psychiatrists and public health personnel should prioritize improving suicide prevention programs following evidence-based policymaking. Understanding how/what factors relate to the COVID-19 pandemic and what other factors have shaped the increasing suicide numbers since 2020 through objectively well-controlled/fine-grained analyses of high-quality longitudinal/cross-sectional data at the individual, regional, and national levels is important for identifying the reasons for the recent trend. For this purpose, this study examined suicide statistics, statistical analysis methods, and their interpretations. Recent analyses suggest an increased suicide risk among females <50 years and males <30 years in 2020-2022. Notably, time-series analyses revealed that adolescent suicides began increasing before the pandemic, while working-age female suicides sharply increased synchronously with the pandemic outbreak. Causality analyses suggest that social issues facing Japan and recent global psychosocial and socioeconomic transformations are risk factors for suicide in high-risk groups. Finally, this report demonstrates the importance of providing appropriate support based on an objective understanding of individuals who are at risk for suicide, without being bound by traditional established knowledges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of MedicineMie UniversityTsuJapan
| | - Ryusuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of MedicineMie UniversityTsuJapan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of MedicineMie UniversityTsuJapan
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Matsumoto R, Motomura E, Okada M. Temporal Fluctuations of Suicide Mortality in Japan from 2009 to 2023 Using Government Databases. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2024; 14:1086-1100. [PMID: 38667826 PMCID: PMC11048886 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe14040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In Japan, suicide mortalities consistently decreased before the COVID-19 pandemic (from 2009 to 2019) but, conversely, increased after the pandemic outbreak from 2020 to 2022. To provide up-to-date suicide statistics in Japan, this study determined the temporal fluctuations of standardized suicide mortalities (SMRs), disaggregated by sex and age, by joinpoint regression analysis using the government suicide database, named the "Basic Data on Suicide in Region". From January 2009 to December 2023, three temporal fluctuation patterns of SMRs pertaining to working age and older adults were detected, such as attenuations of decreasing trends before the COVID-19 pandemic (from around the mid-2010s), a sharply increasing trend that coincided with the pandemic outbreak, and gradually decreased during the pandemic, but no changes at the end of the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, the SMRs of working-age females sharply increased concurrently with the pandemic outbreak, whereas those of males did not change. However, before the pandemic, decreasing trends of the SMRs of working-age males diminished in the mid-2010s, but those of females consistently decreased. The SMRs of working-age males indicated non-significant but sharply increasing trends in early 2022, a trend that was not observed for females. In contrast to working-age adults, the SMRs of adolescents already began to increase in the mid-2010s and also indicated consistently increasing trends between the periods during and after the pandemic. These results suggest, contrary to our expectations, that the impacts of both the outbreak and end of the COVID-19 pandemic were limited regarding the increase in SMRs from 2020. Therefore, when revising suicide prevention programs in the post-COVID-19 era, it should be noted that focusing on pandemic-associated factors alone is not sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (R.M.); (E.M.)
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Matsumoto R, Motomura E, Okada M. Impacts of Working Hours, Wages, and Regular Employment Opportunity on Suicide Mortalities of Employed and Unemployed Individuals before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:499. [PMID: 38673410 PMCID: PMC11050676 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21040499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Standardized suicide mortality rates per 100,000 population (SMRs) in Japan consistently decreased from 2009-2019, but these decreasing trends were reversed to increase in 2020. To clarify the mechanisms of recent increasing suicide in Japan, temporal fluctuations of SMRs disaggregated by sex and employment status (employed and unemployed individuals) and labor indices such as working hours, wages, and regular employment opportunity index (REO) from January 2012 to June 2023 were analyzed using interrupted time-series analysis. Additionally, temporal causalities from labor indices to SMRs were analyzed using vector autoregressive and non-linear auto-regressive distributed lag analyses. Decreasing trends among employed SMRs of both sexes were attenuated after the enactment of the "Work Style Reform Program" in 2018, but male SMRs were unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic. However, female employed SMRs sharply increased, synchronized with the "Work Style Reform Act" and the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak (the COVID-19 impact was greater than the "Work Style Reform Act"). Additionally, unemployed SMRs of both sexes sharply increased with the revision and scale-down of countermeasures against economic deterioration caused by COVID-19 ("revision of economic supportive countermeasures against economic deterioration caused by COVID-19"). Unexpectedly, after enacting the "Work Style Reform Act", wages decreased due to possibly decreasing working hours. Increasing REO, which consistently increased, was a protective factor for male suicides, but unemployed SMRs were not affected by any labor indices. It has been established that controlling a heavy workload plays an important role in suppressing the deterioration of physical and mental conditions, including suicide; however, this study suggested that, at least within appropriate ranges of working hours, decreasing working hours due to excessive management probably contributes to increasing suicides of some vulnerable individuals via de-creasing their wages. Although governmental welfare and economic support measures had to be revised according to rapidly changing situations during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study also suggested that temporal gaps among a part of revisions of several welfare and economic support measures were unexpectedly involved in drastically/sharply increasing suicides of unemployed individuals in 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (R.M.); (E.M.)
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Kim AM, Lee JS. The decrease in alcohol consumption and suicide rate during the COVID-19 pandemic and their association. Alcohol 2024; 121:27-32. [PMID: 38537763 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/08/2024]
Abstract
Despite the considerable change in alcohol consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of the pandemic on the suicide rate in terms of alcohol consumption was not studied. This study was performed to examine whether the change in the suicide rate during the COVID-19 pandemic was related to alcohol consumption and whether the relation was specific to suicides when compared to mortality due to other causes. We performed a comparative interrupted time series (CITS) analysis for the suicide rate of people aged 19 to 60 with three comparison groups (the suicide rate of people aged 19 and under, the cancer death rate of people aged 19 to 60, and alcohol-induced death rates). The suicide rate of people aged 19 to 60 and alcohol consumption per capita, along with alcohol-induced death rates, continued to decrease during the pandemic in 2020 and 2021, while the suicide rate of people aged 19 and under and the cancer death rate showed increases. In the comparative interrupted time series model, alcohol consumption had an increasing effect on the adult suicide rate compared to comparison groups when time trends and changes associated with COVID-19 were adjusted. This study shows that the decrease in the adult suicide rate in Korea during the pandemic was associated with the decrease in alcohol use among the adult population. Considering that means restriction is the most effective way of controlling suicide and that alcohol can be the most potent and final trigger for suicide, the decrease in suicides during the pandemic and its association with alcohol consumption should be understood as a call for further efforts to decrease alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnus M Kim
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Lee
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Health Policy and Management, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Chang CC, Hsieh KY, Hsu ST, Wang YY, Chou FHC, Huang JJ. Understanding the mental health impacts of biological disasters: Lessons from Taiwan's experience with COVID-19. J Formos Med Assoc 2024:S0929-6646(24)00176-1. [PMID: 38519322 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Biological disasters pose a growing challenge in the 21st century, significantly impacting global society. Taiwan has experienced such disasters, resulting in long-term consequences like loss of life, trauma, economic decline, and societal disruptions. Post-disaster, mental health issues such as fear, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and stress surge, accompanied by increased suicide rates. The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) (also called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)) pandemic, recognized as a biological disaster, triggered lockdowns and quarantines in Taiwan, causing lifestyle changes, economic recession, and so on. These shifts may elevate uncertainty about the future, intensifying mental stress and leading to a rise in various mental illnesses. This article reviews mental health studies conducted in Taiwan during the pandemic, emphasizing the need to integrate this research for future preparedness and interventions regarding the mental health impacts of biological disasters, including COVID-19. Further research is essential to explore long-term effects, interventions, and generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chieh Chang
- Department of Addiction Prevention, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ting Hsu
- Department of Community Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Wang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Frank Huang-Chih Chou
- Department of Community Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Joh-Jong Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Jeremic JV, Mihaljevic JM, Radosavljevic ILJ, Jurisic MM, Suđecki BJ, Stojicic MT, Jovanović MD, Pavlovic Z, Radenovic KG, Milic NV, Pavlovic V, Milic NM, Jovic MS. Trend of suicide by self-immolation in a 13-year timeline: was the COVID-19 pandemic a potentially important stressor? Front Public Health 2024; 12:1234584. [PMID: 38450141 PMCID: PMC10914977 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1234584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Self-immolation is an uncommon way of attempting and committing a suicide, with a fatality rate of 80%. The risk factors in self-immolation victims vary depending on demographic characteristics, socio-economic and cultural factors as well as religious beliefs. Whether the COVID-19 pandemic was a potentially important stressor for self-immolation is still unknown, with insufficient studies examining this issue. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to examine the trend of self-immolation in a 13-year timeline, and the potential association of COVID-19 pandemic with the increase in the incidence and severity of self-immolation injuries in Serbia in 2021. Materials and methods The study included hospitalized patients due to intentional burns caused by self-immolation in the period from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2021. Joinpoint regression analysis was used for the analysis of continuous linear trends of self-immolation cases with change points. Results While a rising trend was observed in the 2008-2013 time segment, followed by a decline in the upcoming 2013-2016 time segment, a significant increase reached its maximum during COVID-19 pandemic (2021), with annual percent change of 37.1% (p = 0.001). A significant increase in the median number of cases per year was observed during 2021 compared to the previous periods (7.5 vs. 2). Frequency of patients with a psychiatric diagnosis vs. those without a psychiatric diagnosis was significantly higher during than before the COVID-19 period (66.7 vs. 36.1%, p = 0.046). Conclusion In our study, a significant increase in the frequency of suicide attempts by self-immolation during COVID-19 pandemic was noticed. There was also an increased frequency of pre-existing psychiatric illness among patients during the pandemic period. With limited high-quality data available, the study adds to a rising body of evidence for assessment of outcomes of the pandemic on mental health and recognition of stressors for self-immolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena V. Jeremic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jovan M. Mihaljevic
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivan L. J. Radosavljevic
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milana M. Jurisic
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branko J. Suđecki
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan T. Stojicic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan D. Jovanović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorana Pavlovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Psychiatry, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristina G. Radenovic
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola V. Milic
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vedrana Pavlovic
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa M. Milic
- Department of Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko S. Jovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Burns, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
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Bayliss LT, Hughes CD, Lamont-Mills A, du Plessis C. Fluidity in capability: Longitudinal assessments of suicide capability using ecological momentary assessments. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024; 54:138-153. [PMID: 38009897 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide capability is posited to facilitate the movement from ideation-to-action. Emerging evidence suggests capability comprises both trait- and state-like facets. This study examined fluctuations in and associations of acquired, dispositional, practical, and perceived capabilities, and suicidal mental imagery, and suicidal ideation. METHOD Seventy-five adults (48 females, Mage = 36.53 years) with lived experience of suicidal ideation and/or attempt responded to four prompts per day for 2 weeks that assessed suicide capability and suicidal ideation. Mean-squared successive differences and probability of acute change indices and multilevel models were used for analyses. RESULTS All facets of suicide capability fluctuated. Acquired and dispositional capabilities were trait-like, with practical and perceived capabilities being state-like. Suicidal mental imagery was the only facet of suicide capability that distinguished participants with a suicide attempt in the past 12 months from participants with a suicide attempt more than 1 year ago and suicide ideators. Suicidal mental imagery was associated with concurrent suicidal ideation and predictive of next assessment suicidal ideation. CONCLUSION Suicidal mental imagery may be uniquely associated with suicide capability. This study suggests there are trait- and state-like facets of capability that can combine to potentially ready an individual to engage in suicidal behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke T Bayliss
- School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
| | - Christopher D Hughes
- Butler Hospital and Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Andrea Lamont-Mills
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
- Academic Affairs Division, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carol du Plessis
- School of Psychology and Wellbeing, University of Southern Queensland, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Queensland, Australia
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Chamarro A, Díaz-Moreno A, Bonilla I, Cladellas R, Griffiths MD, Gómez-Romero MJ, Limonero JT. Stress and suicide risk among adolescents: the role of problematic internet use, gaming disorder and emotional regulation. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:326. [PMID: 38291407 PMCID: PMC10826210 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17860-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have associated videogame playing and social media use with suicidal behaviors together with lower stress coping or poor emotion regulation strategies. Due to the inconclusive evidence regarding the factors associated with suicidal behavior, the present study aimed to overcome the limitations of previous research and explored the relationship between adolescent stress, problematic internet use (PIU), gaming disorder (GD), and emotional regulation (ER) in a cross-section design. It was hypothesized that stress would have a direct effect on suicide risk (SR) as well as being mediated by PIU, GD, and ER. METHODS The participants comprised 430 adolescents (58.4% male) aged between 16 and 19 years. They completed an online survey including the Mobile-Related Experiences Questionnaire, Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form, Meta-Mood Trait Repair Scale, and Spanish version of the Suicidal Behaviors Questionnaire. RESULTS A total of 34.2% of the adolescents (N = 147) were at risk for SR. Results also indicated that 30,7% had experienced suicidal ideation at some point in their life, 12.1% had at least one plan to die by suicide, and 5.1% had attempted suicide. Results of path analysis confirmed that stress appeared to be a risk factor for suicide, but that its effects were not mediated by PIU. However, ER and GD mediated the effect of stress on SR. The results suggest that stress is a main risk factor for suicide, especially among adolescents with poor emotional regulation or problematic gaming. CONCLUSIONS Considering the prevalence of suicide among adolescents, the results of the present study suggest that suicide prevention programs should include emotional regulation strategies, stress coping, and videogaming management skills in the early stages of high school. Providing these protective resources to adolescents will help them face the stressful and changing situations typical of adolescence and will help them to attain greater well-being and satisfaction with life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Chamarro
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Díaz-Moreno
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivan Bonilla
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Cladellas
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Unit, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, England
| | - Maria José Gómez-Romero
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain
- Psychology Unit, Egarsat, Mutua Colaboradora con la Seguridad Social nº 276, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquín T Limonero
- Stress & Health Research Group. Faculty of Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.
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Raddi S, Tarozzi I, Cecchetti M, Chericoni S, Franceschetti L, Bugelli V. An unusual case of a triple suicide pact at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. J Forensic Sci 2023; 68:2194-2199. [PMID: 37565422 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
In December 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared SARS-CoV2 a global pandemic. Home confinement, low social contacts, and fear of virus transmission played a major role as risk factors for suicides during the following period. Suicide pacts, in particular, showed a different pattern. A rare case of a triple suicide pact among members of the same family nucleus is presented. The victims were an elderly, severely ill woman and her adult children (a son and daughter), linked by a morbid relationship. The last time the family was seen alive was 40 days before the discovery. All corpses presented decompositional changes. After a full autopsy, the cause of death was determined to be a lethal intake of morphine for the mother and acute blood loss due to self-stabbing at the neck for the siblings. The younger woman was under the effects of a large amount of heparin. Toxicological analysis was positive for opioids and alcohol in both siblings. Suicide pacts have rarely been described during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the few cases reported, the victims were more often relatives than people in a romantic relationship. The involvement of three people is unusual, as is the use of different suicide methods among the victims. In the presented case, the elderly mother's imminent death from terminal cancer, her concern over dying in a nondomestic environment, and the siblings' fear of being alone likely led to the conception of the suicide pact. Social isolation and economic difficulties also played a contributing role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Raddi
- Health Science Department, Forensic Pathology Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tarozzi
- Department of Legal Medicine and Risk Management, Modena Local Health Unit, Modena, Italy
| | | | - Silvio Chericoni
- Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular, Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Franceschetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Bugelli
- Department of Legal Medicine, South-East Tuscany Health Unit, Grosseto, Italy
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Khan MR, Al-Nuaimi S. Empowering resettled child and adolescent refugees through school-based mental health programs: Building a more inclusive community. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 89:103766. [PMID: 37757539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saleem Al-Nuaimi
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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13
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Matsumoto R, Motomura E, Okada M. Impacts of Complete Unemployment Rates Disaggregated by Reason and Duration on Suicide Mortality from 2009-2022 in Japan. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2806. [PMID: 37893880 PMCID: PMC10606519 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11202806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In Japan, suicides had consistently decreased before the COVID-19 pandemic (from 2009-2019), but conversely increased after the pandemic outbreak (from 2020-2022). To identify the features of fluctuations of suicides in Japan, the standardized suicide mortality rates per 100,000 population (SMRP) disaggregated by gender (males/females) and age (10-year cohorts) from 2009-2022 were analyzed using interrupted time-series and joinpoint regression analyses. Temporal causalities from unemployment rate (CUR) disaggregated by unemployment duration and reasons for seeking work to SMRP were analyzed using vector autoregressive modelling with Granger causality analysis. SMRP fluctuations from 2009-2022 were composed of three patterns, such as positive discontinuity (increasing) synchronized with the pandemic outbreak, attenuations of decreasing trends before the pandemic, turning from decreasing before the pandemic to increasing/unchanging after the pandemic outbreak. Dismissal CUR positively related to SMRP of working-age generations, whereas voluntary CUR negatively related to SMRP of younger population (<30 years), which turned to persistently increasing before the pandemic (approximately 2016-2017). CUR shorter than 3 months positively related to SMRP of working-age females, which displayed promptly increasing synchronization with the pandemic outbreak. CUR longer than 12 months positively related to SMRP of working-age males, which contributed to persistently increasing SMRPs during the pandemic. These results suggest that increasing SMRP during 2020-2022 in Japan has been probably at-tributed to interactions among the pandemic-related factors, continuous vulnerabilities from before the pandemic and newly developing risk factors for suicides during the pandemic. Unexpectedly, increasing SMRPs of working-age males in 2022 suggest that either prolongation of the pandemic or the ending of the pandemic might positively affect suicides in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan; (R.M.); (E.M.)
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14
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Chen C, Jew A, Chui C, Horn J, Kim E, Melkonian D, Eisenberg D. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college students' mental health and lifestyle factors. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37856397 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2266000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study examines how mental health and health behaviors evolved among college students nationwide before and during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants: Data collected from college students across various campuses in Fall 2019 (N = 33,372) and Fall 2020 (N = 34,168) as part of the Healthy Minds Study. Methods: The online survey was delivered via Qualtrics. Data was analyzed through an unpaired two-samples T-test and a two-proportion Z-test. Results: The results show a significant difference of depression and anxiety symptoms in college students during Fall 2020 compared to Fall 2019. Sleep patterns significantly shifted during the pandemic. Substance use, perceived need for counseling, and the amount of time students spent exercising all significantly differed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: In the context of declines in mental health among college students, college campuses should implement mental health support models addressing students' individual health risk and lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin Chen
- Department of Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ashlyn Jew
- Department of Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Charlotte Chui
- Department of Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jill Horn
- Department of Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Erin Kim
- Department of Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dina Melkonian
- Department of Society and Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Daniel Eisenberg
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of California, Los Angeles Jonathan and Karin Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
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15
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Rajguru AJ, Balhara YPS. Increasing trend of deaths due to suicide attributable to mental disorders and substance use (disorders) in India. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 88:103722. [PMID: 37579548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In this article we aim to assess the change in the deaths due to suicide attributable to mental disorders and substance use (disorders) in India over the past 26 years. We also aim to make projections over the coming years. For the deaths due to suicide attributable to mental disorders there was a biquadratic increasing trend with equations predicting 85.97%, 90.76% and 85.79% variance in the males, females and total deaths, respectively. There was a quadratic increase explaining 94.83% variance in males, 61.79% in females and 95.41% variance in deaths due to suicide attributable to substance use (disorders).
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Jayant Rajguru
- National Drug Dependence Treatment Center and Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India
| | - Yatan Pal Singh Balhara
- Behavioral Addictions Clinic (BAC), National Drug Dependence Treatment Center and Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India.
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16
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Chang CC, Hsu ST, Wang YY, Chou FHC. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in Taiwan. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 88:103745. [PMID: 37625327 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Chieh Chang
- Department of Addiction Prevention, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Su-Ting Hsu
- Department of Community Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Wang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Frank Huang-Chih Chou
- Department of Community Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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17
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Kwon R, Lee H, Kim MS, Lee J, Yon DK. Machine learning-based prediction of suicidality in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021): Derivation and validation in two independent nationwide cohorts. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 88:103704. [PMID: 37541104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Kwon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hayeon Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jinseok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea.
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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18
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Kang J, Park J, Lee H, Lee M, Kim S, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Kim MS, Rahmati M, Fond G, Boyer L, López Sánchez GF, Elena D, Cortese S, Kim T, Yon DK. National trends in depression and suicide attempts and COVID-19 pandemic-related factors, 1998-2021: A nationwide study in South Korea. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 88:103727. [PMID: 37633158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the significant psychiatric effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, there's limited data on the prevalence and risk factors of depression and suicide attempts among South Korean adults. METHODS A nationwide cross-sectional study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data from 1998 to 2021 was conducted. Changes in prevalence and risk factors for depression and suicide attempts were assessed using weighted odds ratios or weighted beta coefficients. RESULTS During the observation period (1998-2021), the prevalence of depression increased in the overall population; however, no significant surge was found regarding the COVID-19 pandemic, from 2.78% (95% CI, 2.41-3.15) in 1998-2005-4.96% (4.32-5.61) in 2020 and 5.06% (4.43-5.69) in 2021. However, immediately after the onset of the pandemic, younger ages, male sex, urban residence, higher education, and high economic status became significant vulnerable factors compared to pre-pandemic periods. The prevalence of suicide attempts remained stable, and there was no notable surge specifically related to the COVID-19 pandemic, from 0.23% (95% CI, 0.18-0.28) in 1998-2005-0.45% (0.25-0.66) in 2020 and 0.42% (0.24-0.60) in 2021. Furthermore, no distinct vulnerable factors associated with suicide attempts have been identified. CONCLUSION Through this nationwide serial cross-sectional survey study, we emphasized the need for understanding the differential impacts of global crises, such as COVID-19, across varied population subgroups, thereby highlighting the importance of specific and targeted mental health support strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jaeyu Park
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hojae Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Myeongcheol Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Min Seo Kim
- Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran; Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Guillaume Fond
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Guillermo F López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Dragioti Elena
- Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Samuele Cortese
- Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK; Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea.
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
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19
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Thornton J, Tandon R. Does machine-learning-based prediction of suicide risk actually reduce rates of suicide: A critical examination. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 88:103769. [PMID: 37741111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Thornton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA.
| | - Rajiv Tandon
- Department of Psychiatry, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49048, USA
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Kose S, Inal-Kaleli I, Boru E, Yavuz-Kan O, Hakverdi G, Ucuncu B, Calik HN, Savran-Yorulmaz S, Senturk-Pilan B, Ozbaran B, Isik H, Saz EU, Bildik T. Child and adolescent psychiatric emergency admissions before, during and after the Covid-19 pandemic: An Interrupted time series analysis from Turkey. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 87:103698. [PMID: 37478513 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute psychiatric care of youth is paramount as prompt evaluation is known to mitigate potentially catastrophic outcomes in the future. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in child and adolescent psychiatric (CAP) emergency admissions within a 4-year period, including the pandemic course. METHODS Electronic patient health records of children and adolescents aged 0-18 years, admitted to the pediatric emergency department (ED) for psychiatric complaints between January 2018-December 2021, were retrospectively reviewed (n = 2014). Data including the age, sex, presenting complaint and preliminary diagnosis, length of stay in the ED, and history of previous psychiatric outpatient/emergency admissions were recorded. Interrupted Time series analysis was conducted to detect changes. RESULTS During the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic period (March 2020); low-risk suicide attempts (60.6%;IRR=0.394;CI=0.216-0.718), high-risk suicide attempts (82.2%;IRR=0.178;CI=0.070-0.457), manic symptoms (87.9%;IRR=0.121;CI=0.016-0.896), and total CAP emergency admissions were found to have decreased (30.7%;IRR=0.693;CI=0.543-0.885). CAP consultations due to general medical conditions were found to have increased by 7.3% (IRR=1.073;CI=1.019-1.130), and total CAP emergency admissions showed a mild increase of 1.8% (IRR=1.018;CI=1.001-1.036) through April 2020 to December 2021. CONCLUSION While suicide attempts, manic symptoms, and total CAP emergency admissions decreased during the first month of the pandemic, there was an increase in total CAP emergency admissions, especially in general medical conditions presenting with psychiatric symptoms during the following pandemic period. This study highlights the importance of accounting for underlying medical conditions in patients presenting with psychiatric complaints to the ED in the normalization phase. AVAILABILITY OF THE DATA AND MATERIAL The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the present study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sezen Kose
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ipek Inal-Kaleli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Ecem Boru
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Oyku Yavuz-Kan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | | - Buket Ucuncu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Hilal Nur Calik
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Sevil Savran-Yorulmaz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Birsen Senturk-Pilan
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Ozbaran
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Halit Isik
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Emergency Care, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Eylem Ulas Saz
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Emergency Care, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Tezan Bildik
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
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Okada M, Matsumoto R, Shiroyama T, Motomura E. Suicidal Mortality and Motives Among Middle-School, High-School, and University Students. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2328144. [PMID: 37548975 PMCID: PMC10407687 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.28144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE The suicide mortality rate per 100 000 population (SMRP) consistently decreased before the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Japan and then unexpectedly increased during the pandemic. However, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To identify trends in and factors associated with suicidal mortality and motives among students in Japan from 2007 to 2022. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-sectional study, data on SMRPs among Japanese middle-school, high-school, and university students were obtained from the government suicide database Suicide Statistics of the National Police Agency. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Age-dependent and temporal fluctuations in annual SMRPs, disaggregated by suicidal motive (7 categories and 52 subcategories), sex, and school, were analyzed using linear mixed-effect and joinpoint regression models, respectively. RESULTS Total suicide numbers from 2007 to 2022 were as follows: 760 male middle-school students, 635 female middle-school students, 2376 male high-school students, 1566 female high-school students, 5179 male university students, and 1880 female university students. The mean (SD) student populations from 2007 to 2022 were as follows: 1 752 737 (81 334) male middle-school students, 1 675 572 (78 824) female middle-school students, 1 648 274 (67 520) male high-school students, 1 614 828 (60 032) female high-school students, 1 652 689 (32 724) male university students, and 1 229 142 (57 484) female university students. Among male students, the leading motives were school-related factors (underachievement and worrying about the future), followed by family-related and health-related motives. Among female students, school-related and family-related motives decreased, but health-related motives showed an age-dependent increase. The SMRPs of middle-school male students and female students were almost equal (mean [SD], 2.7 [1.0] vs 2.4 [1.4]), but the age-dependent increase in SMRPs among male students was pronounced (mean [SD], high-school vs university male students, 9.1 [2.4] vs 19.6 [3.0]; high-school vs university female students, 6.1 [2.4] vs 9.6 [1.8]). However, the incidence of suicide among high-school students associated with health-related motives was greater in female students. The majority of suicides associated with major impactable suicidal motives (school-related, health-related, and family-related motives) began increasing before the pandemic. Changes in SMRP associated with interpersonal relationships, such as conflict with classmates or parents, were not significant, but the rates increased greatly during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE School-related, health-related, and family-related problems were major motives, whereas the impacts of health-related and family-related motives increased and decreased with age, respectively. Notably, most SMRPs associated with major impactable motives (underachievement, conflict with a parent or classmate, and mental illnesses) had already begun increasing in the late 2010s, indicating that recent increasing SMRPs among school-aged individuals were associated with pandemic-related factors and other factors affecting this generation before the pandemic. It may be inappropriate to uniformly apply research findings based on school-aged individuals to school-based suicide prevention programs for students in middle school, high school, and university.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okada
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Matsumoto
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiroyama
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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22
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Sarı Doğan F, Öztürk TC. The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on forensic cases admitted to an emergency department. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023; 19:169-174. [PMID: 36520378 PMCID: PMC9753859 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-022-00565-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 disease has given rise to various negative effects on human life in terms of health and economic and social well-being. We believe that these negative effects may have led to increased forensic incidents such as violence and suicide. Therefore, in this study, we sought to examine the effects of COVID-19 in forensic cases admitted to an emergency department. Methods: This is a retrospective observational study, performed at the emergency department of Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital. Forensic cases admitted between March and June 2020 (pandemic period) and forensic cases admitted between March and June 2019 (pre-pandemic period) were compared in the study. Results: A total of 4296 patients were included in the study, of which 3011 were admitted during the pre-pandemic period and 1285 during the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. While the percentages of suicide attempts (3.6%), motorcycle traffic accidents (7.4%), and violent incidents (29.4%) were higher during the pandemic period, the percentages of in-vehicle traffic accidents (5.4%) and pedestrian traffic accidents (2.2%) were lower (respectively, p = 0.035, p = 0.005, p < 0.001, p = 0.015, p = 0.008). At the time of the pandemic, the percentages of incidents of violence against women (44.2%) and traffic accidents with a motorcycle involving men (9.3%) were higher than during the time before the pandemic (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: The effects of the pandemic on our lifestyle are indisputable. This study reveals that the pandemic also affected patients who were admitted to the emergency department for forensic reasons. In addition, the increase in the percentages of suicide and violent events indicates that pandemics probably increase feelings of fear, loss, and hopelessness, and special precautions should be taken to maintain order in the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Sarı Doğan
- Emergency Medicine Clinic, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Tuba Cimilli Öztürk
- Emergency Medicine Clinic, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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23
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Fushimi M. Relationship between population migration and suicide in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic: Comment on "Has the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic suppressed the increase in suicide rates in population outflow areas?". Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 86:103656. [PMID: 37276640 PMCID: PMC10232402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Fushimi
- Akita University Health Center, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
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24
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Chen YL, Hsiao RC, Chen YY, Yen CF. Monthly and weekly patterns of suicide incidence rates and sex differences in Taiwan. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 84:103588. [PMID: 37099924 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lung Chen
- Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ray C Hsiao
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Seattle Children's, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ying-Yeh Chen
- Taipei City Psychiatric Centre, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan; Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei City, Taiwan.
| | - Cheng-Fang Yen
- Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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25
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García-Dolores F, Tendilla-Beltrán H, Flores F, Carbajal-Rimoldi LA, Mendoza-Morales RC, Gómez-Mendoza LE, Vázquez-Hernández AJ, de la Cruz F, Genis-Mendoza AD, Nicolini H, Flores G. Increased suicide rates in Mexico City during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak: An analysis spanning from 2016 to 2021. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16420. [PMID: 37274652 PMCID: PMC10228161 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has impacted mental health worldwide, and suicide can be a serious outcome of this. Thus, suicide characteristics were examined before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico City. Methods This is a retrospective study including all Mexico City residents who had a coroner's record with a cause of death of intentional self-harm (ICD-10) from January 2016 to December 2021. Results From 2016 to 2021, 3636 people committed suicide, of which 2869 were males (78.9%) and 767 females (21.1%). From 2016 to 2019 the suicide rate remained constant (∼6 per 100000) and dramatically increased in 2020 (10.45 per 100,000), to return to the levels of the previous year in 2021 (6.95 per 100000). The suicide rate in 2020 specifically increased from January to June (COVID-19 outbreak) in all age groups. Moreover, every year young people (15-24 years) have the maximum suicide rate and depression was the main suicide etiology. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak increased the suicide rate, regardless of age, but suicide prevalence was higher in males and young people, regardless of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings confirm that suicide is a complex and multifactorial problem and will allow the establishment of new guidelines for prevention and care strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando García-Dolores
- Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Tribunal Superior de Justicia de la Ciudad de México (TSJCDMX), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hiram Tendilla-Beltrán
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Fidel de la Cruz
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alma Delia Genis-Mendoza
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Infantil Dr. Juan N. Navarro, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Humberto Nicolini
- Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gonzalo Flores
- Instituto de Fisiología, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP), Puebla, Mexico
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26
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Matsumoto R, Motomura E, Okada M. Fluctuation of suicide mortality and temporal causality from unemployment duration to suicide mortality in Japan during 2009-2022. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 84:103574. [PMID: 37003084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Matsumoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Eishi Motomura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
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27
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Fushimi M. Has the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic suppressed the increase in suicide rates in population outflow areas? Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 85:103620. [PMID: 37167650 PMCID: PMC10163942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Fushimi
- Akita University Health Center, Akita University, 1-1 Tegatagakuen-machi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
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28
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Hall L, Binks S, Heal C. The effect of COVID-19 on medical student clinical skill practice and self-perceived proficiency. MEDEDPUBLISH 2023; 13:10. [PMID: 37435137 PMCID: PMC10331848 DOI: 10.12688/mep.19478.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted medical education. This study aimed to determine how COVID-19 affected students' opportunity to practice core clinical skills across specialty rotations and their self-perceived proficiency at performing these. Methods: Routinely administered surveys of fifth year medical student' experiences and perceptions of medical training from 2016 to 2021 were analysed. Number of times core clinical skills were performed and self-perceived proficiency of each skill were compared pre- (years 2016-2019) and during-COVID (years 2020-2021). Results: Data from 219 surveys showed a reduction in the opportunity to perform "a cervical screen test" (p<0.001), "a mental health assessment" (p=0.006), "assess the risk of suicide" (p=0.004) and "bladder catheterisation" (p=0.007) during-COVID. Self-reported skill proficiency was also less during-COVID for performance of: "a mental health assessment" (p=0.026) and "an ECG" (p=0.035). Conclusions: The impact of COVID-19 on mental health skills was greatest, potentially due to a shift toward telehealth services and consequent reduced ability for students to engage in consultations. In a time of potential long-term change in the healthcare landscape, it is imperative to ensure adequate opportunity to practice all core clinical skills during medical training. Inclusion of telehealth earlier into the curriculum may benefit student confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Hall
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Mackay, Queensland, 4740, Australia
| | - Sophie Binks
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Mackay, Queensland, 4740, Australia
| | - Clare Heal
- College of Medicine and Dentistry, James Cook University, Mackay, Queensland, 4740, Australia
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29
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Rao GP, Javed A. Asian Federation of Psychiatric Associations and the Asian Journal of Psychiatry: A long association. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 83:103591. [PMID: 37088633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Prasad Rao
- Asha Institute of Medical Psychology and Counselling and Therapy, Hyderabad, India; Asian Federation of Psychiatric Associations (AFPA), India
| | - Afzal Javed
- Pakistan Psychiatric Research Center, Fountain House, 37-Lower Mall, Lahore, Pakistan; World Psychiatry Association, WPA Secretariat, Geneva University Psychiatric Hospital, 2 chemin du Petit-Bel-Air, Thonex, 1226 Geneva, Switzerland.
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30
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Ujihara M, Tachikawa H, Takahashi A, Gen T, Cho Y. Factors Related to Psychological Distress in Suicide Prevention Supporters during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4991. [PMID: 36981900 PMCID: PMC10049627 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Psychological distress and related factors in suicide prevention supporters during the COVID-19 pandemic were clarified. METHODS A web-based survey for supporters from helplines or psychiatric institutions was conducted from May to July 2021. It included items about profession, stress and anxiety, and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. RESULTS 818 participants were analyzed. Psychological distress was significantly higher among healthcare workers in psychiatric institutions than among helpline volunteers. The factor most related to psychological distress in both professions was insufficient rest with overwork. Distress in helpline volunteers was related to their lack of ability to support people with suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts, excessive media coverage related to COVID-19, and trouble dealing with complainers. Distress in healthcare workers was related to their lack of ability to provide sufficient support to their clients due to infection prevention measures. CONCLUSION Psychological distress among suicide prevention supporters during the pandemic has been affected by overwork, the fact that helpline volunteers cannot be trained in suicide prevention, and the fact that healthcare workers can only provide insufficient support to their clients due to infection prevention measures. To maintain suicide prevention during pandemics, it is necessary to implement measures that are tailored to the factors of psychological distress in supporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masana Ujihara
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
- College of Nursing and Nutrition, Shukutoku University, Chiba 260-8703, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Tachikawa
- Department of Disaster and Community Psychiatry, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan
| | - Asumi Takahashi
- School of Humanities, Hokusei Gakuen University, Sapporo 004-8631, Japan
| | - Towa Gen
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanao Hospital, Tokyo 191-0055, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8606, Japan
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31
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Suicide among the youth and school-based suicide prevention: Exemplar and reflections from the Philippines. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 83:103538. [PMID: 36921444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
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32
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Lai JB, Kong LZ, Chen J, Hu SH. From strict quarantine to an optimized policy: Are we psychologically prepared? Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 81:103435. [PMID: 36628907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bo Lai
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ling-Zhuo Kong
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Clinical Research Center and Division of Mood Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Shao-Hua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China; The Key Laboratory of Mental Disorder's Management in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310003, China; Brain Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China; Zhejiang Engineering Center for Mathematical Mental Health, Hangzhou 310003, China; Department of Neurobiology, NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Brain Science and Brian Medicine, and MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Science and Brain-machine Integration, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
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33
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Otsuka H, Fujiwara S, Takano A. Changes in suicide-related indices at a student counseling center at a Japanese University before and after COVID-19. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 81:103462. [PMID: 36641967 PMCID: PMC9830837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Suicides by university students in Japan have increased with the onset of the COVID- 19 pandemic. Changes in the suicidality of clients in student counseling centers are unknown. We compared OQ 45.2, suicidal risk, and suicidality before and after the pandemic, testing 1801 clients at the Student Counseling Center of University A in Japan. The post-group exhibited significantly decreases in all suicide-related indices. Results reveal that fewer students may feel suicidal and that the number of consultations with suicidal students may have decreased. It is important to build support systems easier for students to access in crises and alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisashi Otsuka
- Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Shoko Fujiwara
- Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
| | - Akira Takano
- Center for Research on Counseling and Support Services, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8654, Japan
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34
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An S, Lim S, Kim HW, Kim HS, Lee D, Son E, Kim TW, Goh TS, Kim K, Kim YH. Global prevalence of suicide by latitude: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 81:103454. [PMID: 36634498 PMCID: PMC9822839 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seongjun An
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungju Lim
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Sik Kim
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjeong Son
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woo Kim
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Sik Goh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kihun Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yun Hak Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, Republic of Korea.
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35
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18-month mental health outcomes among survivors of severe COVID-19 in Wuhan, China. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 81:103453. [PMID: 36630831 PMCID: PMC9817425 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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36
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Hall L, Binks S, Heal C. The effect of COVID-19 on medical student clinical skill practice and self-perceived proficiency. MEDEDPUBLISH 2023. [DOI: 10.12688/mep.19478.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted medical education. This study aimed to determine how COVID-19 affected students’ opportunity to practice core clinical skills across specialty rotations and their self-perceived proficiency at performing these. Methods: Routinely administered surveys of fifth year medical student’ experiences and perceptions of medical training from 2016 to 2021 were analysed. Number of times core clinical skills were performed and self-perceived proficiency of each skill were compared pre- (years 2016-2019) and during-COVID (years 2020-2021). Results: Data from 219 surveys showed a reduction in the opportunity to perform “a cervical screen test” (p<0.001), “a mental health assessment” (p=0.006), “assess the risk of suicide” (p=0.004) and “bladder catheterisation” (p=0.007) during-COVID. Self-reported skill proficiency was also less during-COVID for performance of: “a mental health assessment” (p=0.026) and “an ECG” (p=0.035). Conclusions: The impact of COVID-19 on mental health skills was greatest, potentially due to a shift toward telehealth services and consequent reduced ability for students to engage in consultations. In a time of potential long-term change in the healthcare landscape, it is imperative to ensure adequate opportunity to practice all core clinical skills during medical training. Inclusion of telehealth earlier into the curriculum may benefit student confidence.
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37
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Celedonia KL, Karukivi M, Abio A, Valenti MW, Lowery Wilson M. Correlates for Suicidality Among At-risk Youth Receiving Community-Based Mental Health Services. Community Ment Health J 2023; 59:335-344. [PMID: 35915295 PMCID: PMC9342600 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-022-01011-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
"At-risk" adolescents are at high risk of unsuccessfully transitioning into adulthood and are also at elevated risk for suicidal behavior. Though much research has been conducted on risk factors for suicidality among the general adolescent population, research on suicidality among "at-risk" adolescents is lacking. This is a notable gap in the literature given that "at-risk" adolescents may be three times more likely to exhibit suicidality. The present study addressed this research gap by examining correlates for suicidality among "at-risk" adolescents receiving mental health services in the community. Using Electronic Health Record (EHR) data, risk factors for suicidality were analyzed at the bivariate and multivariate levels. Sexual abuse was a significant predictor of suicidality, as well as impulsivity for suicide attempt only. These findings may serve as useful adjuncts in the design of suicidality-screening tools and follow-up practices within the context of community-based mental health organizations which target at-risk adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen L Celedonia
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention (IEP) Research Group, Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Social Research and Innovation Center, Pressley Ridge, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Max Karukivi
- Department of Adolescent Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Abio
- Injury Epidemiology and Prevention (IEP) Research Group, Turku Brain Injury Centre, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael W Valenti
- Social Research and Innovation Center, Pressley Ridge, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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38
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Lin CY, Hsu CY, Gunnell D, Chang SS. Factors associated with fewer than expected suicides in Taiwan during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 80:103379. [PMID: 36502779 PMCID: PMC9721156 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan
| | - Chia-Yueh Hsu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - David Gunnell
- Centre for Academic Mental Health, Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK; National Institute of Health and care Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals Bristol and Weston National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Shu-Sen Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Global Health Program, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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39
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Lee JI, Hsu WY, Huang CL, Chang SS, Shaw FFT, Yu HT, Yang LX. Taiwan National Suicide Prevention Hotline callers' suicide risk level and emotional disturbance difference during and before COVID-19. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 80:103361. [PMID: 36462394 PMCID: PMC9700394 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jou-I Lee
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yau Hsu
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan; Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lan Huang
- Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 10607, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Sen Chang
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Fortune Fu-Tsung Shaw
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Resource Development, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Ting Yu
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan; Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan
| | - Lee-Xieng Yang
- Department of Psychology, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan; Research Center for Mind, Brain, and Learning, National Chengchi University, Taipei 11605, Taiwan.
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40
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Verma SK, Verma A, Malia P, Chauhan M. Suicide hangings during pre-Covid-19 and Covid-19 - Myths debunked for the lower-middle-income group countries. Asian J Psychiatr 2023; 79:103349. [PMID: 36495829 PMCID: PMC9684090 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The psyche about the adverse effects of the Covid-19 pandemic has got fixed to a level of conviction that committing suicide is directly linked to coronavirus infection. The statistics of suicidal hangings for the pre-Covid-19 and the Covid-19 periods were compared in the Indian capital. The data analysis of the autopsy records showed the absence of temporal association between the incidence rates of suicides between these two periods. The study concludes that there was no net increase in suicide rates in the study population of this lower-middle-income group country during the Covid-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Verma
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India.
| | - Aditi Verma
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Jamia Milia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New-Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Pankaj Malia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, Dilshad Garden, Delhi 110095, India.
| | - Mohit Chauhan
- Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Sector-32, Chandigarh 160030, India.
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Pelcovitz M, Bennett S, Desai P, Schild J, Beaumont R, Walkup J, Shaffer D, Chiu A. High Rates of Anxiety Among Adolescents in a Partial Hospitalization Program. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2023; 52:105-122. [PMID: 35228789 PMCID: PMC8866547 DOI: 10.1007/s10566-022-09680-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Anxiety disorders are garnering increasing attention for their contribution to high-risk issues and functional impairment. Adolescents are typically admitted to partial hospitalization programs (PHPs) due to high-risk presentations. However, the frequency of anxiety disorders in PHPs is not well-established, in part because anxiety can be overlooked in acute settings due to limited lengths of stay and focus on stabilization. Objective This study aims to evaluate the frequency and severity of anxiety disorders among a sample of adolescent PHP patients to assess the need for anxiety-specific assessment and interventions in higher acuity settings. Methods Participants were 158 youths ages 13 to 19 years old (M = 15.49 years, SD = 1.50) who were admitted to an adolescent PHP and their caregivers. Clinician-reported diagnostic information was collected from the youth's electronic medical record, and self- and caregiver-rated severity of anxiety was collected using the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotions Disorders (SCARED-C/P). Frequency of anxiety and related disorder diagnoses and self- and caregiver-reported severity were assessed using descriptive statistical methods. Results 75% of participants were diagnosed with an anxiety disorder (n = 118). On average, participants with anxiety disorders had elevated SCARED-C scores. Youths with depressive disorders had elevated SCARED-C scores even when they did not carry anxiety disorder diagnoses. Caregiver ratings of the youth's anxiety symptoms on the SCARED-P were elevated when youths had anxiety disorders. Conclusions These findings suggest that anxiety is common in an adolescent PHP setting and support investing in evidence-based assessment and treatment of anxiety in high-acuity settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Pelcovitz
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
| | - Shannon Bennett
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
| | - Payal Desai
- grid.21729.3f0000000419368729New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, United States
| | - Jennifer Schild
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
| | - Renae Beaumont
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
| | - John Walkup
- grid.413808.60000 0004 0388 2248Department of Psychiatry, Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, United States
| | - David Shaffer
- grid.239585.00000 0001 2285 2675Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, United States
| | - Angela Chiu
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDepartment of Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, United States
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Okada M. Is an increase in Japan's suicides caused by COVID-19 alone? Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 78:103320. [PMID: 36375240 PMCID: PMC9650515 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Similar to other countries, the Japanese government quickly undertook preventative measures against increasing suicides during the pandemic, but could not suppress the increase. Suicide mortality among both sexes under 20 and females aged 20-39 significantly increased during the pandemic, but unexpectedly had already slowed decreasing trends before the pandemic onset. Furthermore, before the pandemic, a higher complete unemployment rate contributed to increasing suicide mortality of both sexes, whereas during the pandemic, the positive relationship between females suicide mortalities and complete unemployment rates was not observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
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Addressing the long-term impact of COVID-19 on students' mental health. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 78:103283. [PMID: 36228428 PMCID: PMC9528062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Crisan RM, Băcilă CI, Toboltoc PC, Morar S. Completed Suicide Linked to the COVID-19 Pandemic by Using the Psychological Autopsy Method in Sibiu County, Romania: Case Series and Literature Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10122377. [PMID: 36553902 PMCID: PMC9777587 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10122377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with suicide, as some data suggests. Our study aims to investigate the emergence of eleven completed suicide cases suspected to be linked to the COVID-19 pandemic during the restrictive measures imposed by the Romanian government, and to identify the consequences of mental health, suicidal motivation, and behavioral changes. To this end, we analyzed the deceased's medical records and applied the psychological autopsy method to the relatives/caregivers of the deceased for a suicidal investigation history, within conducted free-flow discussions. To highlight behavioral changes that occurred in the distant antecedents as well as immediately before the suicidal act, we used two sets of closed questions comprised of fifteen alarm signs, including depressive and/or anxiety symptoms. Our results showed that a deterioration of the mental status, especially concerning depressive and anxiety symptoms, was evident in people without or with pre-existing psychiatric pathology. The suicidal motivation proved to be complex including, in addition to the SARS-CoV-2 infection, social and economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. We noted an intensification of the investigated alarm signs and even the emergence of new warning signs in the recent antecedents. Based on our findings, we reaffirmed the important role of the psychological autopsy method in suicide investigation, proving that it can detect the specific impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people prone to suicide. This impact can be psycho-emotional, social, and/or economical, and thus we can state that the COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences can be, at least, a triggering factor that enhances completed suicide risk. Further studies are needed in this particular area because correlations between the COVID-19 pandemic and completed suicide do not appear to be accidental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxana-Mihaela Crisan
- Doctoral Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
- Forensic Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, Corneliu Coposu Boulevard 2-4, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Ciprian Ionuț Băcilă
- 'Dr. Gheorghe Preda' Clinical Psychiatry Hospital, 550082 Sibiu, Romania
- Dental Medicine and Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Paul-Cătălin Toboltoc
- Doctoral Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, Corneliu Coposu Boulevard 2-4, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Silviu Morar
- Forensic Department, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, Corneliu Coposu Boulevard 2-4, 550245 Sibiu, Romania
- Preclinical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
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Chang PY, Shih FY, Lee MB, Lin CF, Lyu SY. Risk Perceptions, Level of Government Trust, and Psychological Distress During COVID-19 Pandemic in Taiwan. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:3313-3327. [PMID: 36411861 PMCID: PMC9675398 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s375722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is spreading worldwide, causing mental health concerns among people. People's perceptions of the disease affect their psychological adaptation and health outcomes. In this study, we present people's perceptions of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), level of government trust, and their psychological distress during the pandemic for examining the impact of peoples' COVID-19 perceptions on their mental health. Patients and Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted through a telephone survey in Taiwan in April 2020. Participants were randomly selected for telephone screening using a computer-assisted telephone interviewer system. A total of 1098 participants aged more than 20 years participated in the survey. Results The mean age of participants was 47.7 ± 16.4 years. After controlling for covariates, participants who were worried about contracting COVID-19, those who believed that they had a chance of being infected with COVID-19, those who were reluctant to visit the hospital for fear of contracting the virus, those who felt that the pandemic had affected their daily life, and those with low levels of trust in the government's capacity to manage the pandemic had anxiety, hostility, depression, interpersonal sensitivity/inferiority, and psychological symptoms. Conclusion People's perception of COVID-19 and public's trust in the government's ability to respond to the pandemic are related to psychological distress. Although the Taiwanese government may have undertaken effective epidemic control measures to address with the COVID-19 pandemic, this crisis may have still caused mental health problems in the general population. Health professionals and policy makers should pay more attention to high-risk groups among those at risk for developing mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ya Chang
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fuh-Yuan Shih
- Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Been Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University College of Medicine and Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Feng Lin
- Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung, Taiwan
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Health Care Administration, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Yu Lyu
- Department of Leisure Industry and Health Promotion, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zegarra-López AC, Florentino-Santisteban B, Flores-Romero J, Delgado-Tenorio A, Cernades-Ames A. A Cross-Sectional Study on the Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Its Associated Sociodemographic Factors in Peru during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14240. [PMID: 36361118 PMCID: PMC9654240 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study aims to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms and its sociodemographic-associated factors in Peruvian adults. Data was extracted from a nation-wide representative survey in which depression symptoms were measured with the PHQ-9 and sociodemographic information was extracted from household data. Depression severity rates were estimated for each symptom, and responses were modeled through the Rating Scale Model to obtain a depression measure used as dependent variable on a Generalized Mixed Linear Model. The most frequent depression symptoms were emotional, such as discouragement, sad mood, hopelessness, and lack of pleasure when doing activities. Our model showed that, after controlling the effects of all the variables considered, the most relevant predictors were gender, education level, physiographic region, age, marital status, and number of coresidents. Higher depression levels were found in women, people who did not complete higher education, participants living in the Highlands, older adults, single participants, and people living alone. Thus, interventions to promote or prevent depression severity during similar situations as the pandemic should focus on specific sociodemographic groups and their particular needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Christopher Zegarra-López
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Lima, Lima 15023, Peru
- Grupo de Investigación en Psicología, Bienestar y Sociedad, Instituto de Investigación Científica, Universidad de Lima, Lima 15023, Peru
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Bayliss LT, Christensen S, Lamont-Mills A, du Plessis C. Suicide capability within the ideation-to-action framework: A systematic scoping review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276070. [PMID: 36301944 PMCID: PMC9612581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Suicide capability is theorised to facilitate the movement from suicidal ideation to suicide attempt. Three types of contributors are posited to comprise suicide capability: acquired, dispositional, and practical. Despite suicide capability being critical in the movement from ideation-to-attempt, there has been no systematic synthesis of empirical evidence relating to suicide capability that would enable further development and refinement of the concept. This study sought to address this synthesis gap. A scoping review was conducted on suicide capability studies published January 2005 to January 2022. Eleven electronic databases and grey literature sources were searched returning 5,212 potential studies. After exclusion criteria application, 90 studies were included for final analysis. Results synthesis followed a textual narrative approach allocating studies based on contributors of suicide capability. Most studies focused on investigating only one factor within contributors. Painful and provocative events appear to contribute to acquired capability more so than fearlessness about death. Whilst emerging evidence for dispositional and practical contributors is promising, the small number of studies prevents further conclusions from being drawn. An unexpected additional cognitive contributor was identified. The focus of a single factor from most studies and the limited number of studies on contributors other than acquired capability limits the theoretical development and practical application of suicide capability knowledge. Given that suicide is a complex and multifaceted behaviour, future research that incorporates a combination of contributors is more likely to advance our understandings of suicide capability.
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Digital determinants of public mental health and wellbeing in Shanghai during the 2022 lockdown. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 76:103155. [PMID: 35537925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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49
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González Gutiérrez JL, Écija Gallardo MC, Matías Pompa B, Alonso Fernández M, Pacho Hernández JC, López López A. Stressors and uplifts of confinement due to covid‐19: A longitudinal study on mental health in a sample of academic and administrative university staff in Spain. Stress Health 2022; 39:429-448. [PMID: 36075578 PMCID: PMC9538372 DOI: 10.1002/smi.3197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rapid spread of COVID-19 caused many countries to decide to enter full lockdown, a circumstance that impacted all aspects of life, including mental health. The present longitudinal study aimed to analyse how stressors and uplifts of confinement were linked to psychological symptoms at three different time points: during the full lockdown (wave 1), after the gradual lifting of restrictions (wave 2) and after confinement (wave 3). The sample was made up by one hundred and twenty academic and administrative staff from a big University in Spain, they all completed an online survey. Results showed that psychological status did not change over time, but a significant interindividual variability was found throughout. Some stressors were only linked to symptoms at wave 1, but others maintained their associations during waves 2 and 3. Uplifts were, for the most part, inversely (and exclusively) linked to symptoms at wave 1. However, some of them, although enjoyable, were paradoxically linked to worse mental health at wave 1, and even at waves 2 and 3. These findings highlight the importance of providing preventive psychological strategies for mental distress before, during and after confinement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Borja Matías Pompa
- Departamento de PsicologíaUniversidad Rey Juan CarlosAlcorcónMadridSpain
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50
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People's worry about long-term impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 75:103196. [PMID: 35816936 PMCID: PMC9232257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2022.103196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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