1
|
Nalbant E, Akkaya-Ulum YZ. Exploring regulatory mechanisms on miRNAs and their implications in inflammation-related diseases. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:142. [PMID: 38958690 PMCID: PMC11222192 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01334-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive exploration delves into the pivotal role of microRNAs (miRNAs) within the intricate tapestry of cellular regulation. As potent orchestrators of gene expression, miRNAs exhibit diverse functions in cellular processes, extending their influence from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The complex journey of miRNA biogenesis, involving transcription, processing, and integration into the RNA-induced silencing complex, showcases their versatility. In the cytoplasm, mature miRNAs finely tune cellular functions by modulating target mRNA expression, while their reach extends into the nucleus, influencing transcriptional regulation and epigenetic modifications. Dysregulation of miRNAs becomes apparent in various pathologies, such as cancer, autoimmune diseases, and inflammatory conditions. The adaptability of miRNAs to environmental signals, interactions with transcription factors, and involvement in intricate regulatory networks underscore their significance. DNA methylation and histone modifications adds depth to understanding the dynamic regulation of miRNAs. Mechanisms like competition with RNA-binding proteins, sponging, and the control of miRNA levels through degradation and editing contribute to this complex regulation process. In this review, we mainly focus on how dysregulation of miRNA expression can be related with skin-related autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. We also emphasize the multifaceted roles of miRNAs, urging continued research to unravel their complexities. The mechanisms governing miRNA functions promise advancements in therapeutic interventions and enhanced insights into cellular dynamics in health and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emre Nalbant
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Yeliz Z Akkaya-Ulum
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, 06100, Sihhiye, Ankara, Türkiye.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Soffritti I, D’Accolti M, Bini F, Mazziga E, Di Luca D, Maccari C, Arcangeletti MC, Caselli E. Virus-Induced MicroRNA Modulation and Systemic Sclerosis Disease. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1360. [PMID: 38927567 PMCID: PMC11202132 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short noncoding RNA sequences that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are involved in the regulation of multiple pathways, related to both physiological and pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases, such as Systemic Sclerosis (SSc). Specifically, SSc is recognized as a complex and multifactorial disease, characterized by vascular abnormalities, immune dysfunction, and progressive fibrosis, affecting skin and internal organs. Among predisposing environmental triggers, evidence supports the roles of oxidative stress, chemical agents, and viral infections, mostly related to those sustained by beta-herpesviruses such as HCMV and HHV-6. Dysregulated levels of miRNA expression have been found in SSc patients compared to healthy controls, at both the intra- and extracellular levels, providing a sort of miRNA signature of the SSc disease. Notably, HCMV/HHV-6 viral infections were shown to modulate the miRNA profile, often superposing that observed in SSc, potentially promoting pathological pathways associated with SSc development. This review summarizes the main data regarding miRNA alterations in SSc disease, highlighting their potential as prognostic or diagnostic markers for SSc disease, and the impact of the putative SSc etiological agents on miRNA modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Soffritti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maria D’Accolti
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Bini
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Mazziga
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Dario Di Luca
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Clara Maccari
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.M.); (M.-C.A.)
| | - Maria-Cristina Arcangeletti
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy; (C.M.); (M.-C.A.)
| | - Elisabetta Caselli
- Section of Microbiology, Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences and LTTA, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (I.S.); (M.D.); (F.B.); (E.M.)
- CIAS Research Center, University of Ferrara, 44122 Ferrara, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sakkas LI, Chikanza IC. Sex bias in immune response: it is time to include the sex variable in studies of autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Rheumatol Int 2024; 44:203-209. [PMID: 37716925 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-023-05446-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Healthy females and males differ in their immune cell composition and function and females generally mount stronger immune response than males and are much more susceptible to autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Females differ from males in sex hormones, and X-chromosome genes. Sex hormones affect immune cells and responses, and may induce epigenetic DNA changes. The importance of X-chromosome genes is exemplified in men with the Klinefelter syndrome (47,XXY) who have an additional X-chromosome and develop systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) as frequently as women. X-chromosome contains genes critical for the immune response, such as FOXP3, toll-like receptor(TLR)7, TLR8, CD40 Ligand, IL2RG, IL9R, BTK, and others. Whereas one X-chromosome in females is randomly inactivated early in embryonic development, around 25% of X-linked genes escape inactivation and result in more X-linked gene dosage in females. We use two key female-biased autoimmune rheumatic diseases, SLE and systemic sclerosis, to review differences in immune response, and clinical manifestations between females and males. The inclusion of sex variable in research will facilitate precision medicine and optimal patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lazaros I Sakkas
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
- Division of Rheumatology, IASO Thessalias General Hospital, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Ian C Chikanza
- Professor in Rheumatology and Immunology, Paediatrics Department, Catholic University, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
- International Arthritis and Hypermobility Centre, Harley Street Clinic, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Komura K, Yanaba K, Bouaziz JD, Yoshizaki A, Hasegawa M, Varga J, Takehara K, Matsushita T. Perspective to precision medicine in scleroderma. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1298665. [PMID: 38304250 PMCID: PMC10830793 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1298665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare and heterogeneous disease with no relevant environmental trigger or significant responsible gene. It has been and will continue to be difficult to identify large enough patients to conduct classic population-based epidemiologic exposure/non-exposure studies with adequate power to ascertain environmental and genetic risk factors for these entities. The complexity of pathogenesis and heterogeneity are likely to require personalized/precision medicine for SSc. Since several potential drugs are currently available for specific patients if not whole SSc, classification of SSc seems to form the foundation for a better therapeutic strategy. To date, SSc has been classified based on the extent/severity of the affected area as well as some disease markers, including the autoantibody profile. However, such an analysis should also lead to improvements in the design of appropriately stratified clinical trials to determine the effects and prediction of targeted therapies. An approach based on drug response preclinically conducted using patients' own fibroblasts in vitro, can provide a precise disease marker/therapeutic selection for clinical practice. Because scleroderma dermal fibroblasts have a persistent hyper-productive phenotype occurring not only in person, but also in cell culture conditions. Thus, an accumulating approach based on disease markers ensures progression and de-escalation to re-establish a better life with a personally optimized drug environment after the onset of SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Komura
- Department of Dermatology, Kanazawa Red Cross Hospital, Japanese Red Cross Society, Kanazawa, Japan
- Northwestern Scleroderma Program, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Koichi Yanaba
- Department of Dermatology, Jikei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ayumi Yoshizaki
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - John Varga
- Northwestern Scleroderma Program, Division of Rheumatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu L, Liu L, Wang A, Liu J, Huang X, Zan T. Positive feedback loops between fibroblasts and the mechanical environment contribute to dermal fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2023; 121:1-21. [PMID: 37164179 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Dermal fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the dermis and affects millions of people worldwide and causes limited movement, disfigurement and psychological distress in patients. Fibroblast dysfunction of plays a central role in the pathogenesis of dermal fibrosis and is controlled by distinct factors. Recent studies support the hypothesis that fibroblasts can drive matrix deposition and stiffening, which in turn can exacerbate the functional dysregulation of fibroblasts. Ultimately, through a positive feedback loop, uncontrolled pathological fibrosis develops. This review aims to summarize the phenomenon and mechanism of the positive feedback loop in dermal fibrosis, and discuss potential therapeutic targets to help further elucidate the pathogenesis of dermal fibrosis and develop therapeutic strategies. In this review, fibroblast-derived compositional and structural changes in the ECM that lead to altered mechanical properties are briefly discussed. We focus on the mechanisms by which mechanical cues participate in dermal fibrosis progression. The mechanosensors discussed in the review include integrins, DDRs, proteoglycans, and mechanosensitive ion channels. The FAK, ERK, Akt, and Rho pathways, as well as transcription factors, including MRTF and YAP/TAZ, are also discussed. In addition, we describe stiffness-induced biological changes in the ECM on fibroblasts that contribute to the formation of a positive feedback loop. Finally, we discuss therapeutic strategies to treat the vicious cycle and present important suggestions for researchers conducting in-depth research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lechen Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Aoli Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinwen Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Tao Zan
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ibáñez-Cabellos JS, Pallardó FV, García-Giménez JL, Seco-Cervera M. Oxidative Stress and Epigenetics: miRNA Involvement in Rare Autoimmune Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040800. [PMID: 37107175 PMCID: PMC10135388 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (ADs) such as Sjögren’s syndrome, Kawasaki disease, and systemic sclerosis are characterized by chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and autoantibodies, which cause joint tissue damage, vascular injury, fibrosis, and debilitation. Epigenetics participate in immune cell proliferation and differentiation, which regulates the development and function of the immune system, and ultimately interacts with other tissues. Indeed, overlapping of certain clinical features between ADs indicate that numerous immunologic-related mechanisms may directly participate in the onset and progression of these diseases. Despite the increasing number of studies that have attempted to elucidate the relationship between miRNAs and oxidative stress, autoimmune disorders and oxidative stress, and inflammation and miRNAs, an overall picture of the complex regulation of these three actors in the pathogenesis of ADs has yet to be formed. This review aims to shed light from a critical perspective on the key AD-related mechanisms by explaining the intricate regulatory ROS/miRNA/inflammation axis and the phenotypic features of these rare autoimmune diseases. The inflamma-miRs miR-155 and miR-146, and the redox-sensitive miR miR-223 have relevant roles in the inflammatory response and antioxidant system regulation of these diseases. ADs are characterized by clinical heterogeneity, which impedes early diagnosis and effective personalized treatment. Redox-sensitive miRNAs and inflamma-miRs can help improve personalized medicine in these complex and heterogeneous diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico V. Pallardó
- U733, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
| | - José Luis García-Giménez
- U733, Centre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER-ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Mixed Unit for Rare Diseases INCLIVA-CIPF, INCLIVA Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Department Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
| | - Marta Seco-Cervera
- Hospital Dr. Peset, Fundación para la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, FISABIO, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.V.P.); (J.L.G.-G.); (M.S.-C.); Tel.: +34-963-864-646 (F.V.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Y, Wen D, Ho C, Yu L, Zheng D, O'Reilly S, Gao Y, Li Q, Zhang Y. Epigenetics as a versatile regulator of fibrosis. J Transl Med 2023; 21:164. [PMID: 36864460 PMCID: PMC9983257 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04018-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis, a process caused by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), is a common cause and outcome of organ failure and even death. Researchers have made many efforts to understand the mechanism of fibrogenesis and to develop therapeutic strategies; yet, the outcome remains unsatisfactory. In recent years, advances in epigenetics, including chromatin remodeling, histone modification, DNA methylation, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA), have provided more insights into the fibrotic process and have suggested the possibility of novel therapy for organ fibrosis. In this review, we summarize the current research on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in organ fibrosis and their possible clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangdan Liu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Dongsheng Wen
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chiakang Ho
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Li Yu
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Danning Zheng
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | | | - Ya Gao
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 639 Zhizaoju Road, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
MicroRNAs as Biomarkers of Active Pulmonary TB Course. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11030626. [PMID: 36985200 PMCID: PMC10053298 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11030626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The spread of drug-resistant forms of TB dictates the need for surgical treatment in the complex of anti-tuberculosis measures in Russia. Most often, surgical intervention is performed in the case of pulmonary tuberculoma or fibrotic cavitary tuberculosis (FCT). This study is devoted to the search for biomarkers that characterize the course of disease in surgical TB patients. It is assumed that such biomarkers will help the surgeon decide on the timing of the planned operation. A number of serum microRNAs, potential regulators of inflammation and fibrosis in TB, selected on the basis of PCR-Array analysis, were considered as biomarkers. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction and receiver operating curves (ROC) were used to verify Array data and to estimate the ability of microRNAs (miRNAs) to discriminate between healthy controls, tuberculoma patients, and FCT patients. The study showed that miR-155, miR-191 and miR-223 were differentially expressed in serum of tuberculoma with “decay” and tuberculoma without “decay” patients. Another combination (miR-26a, miR-191, miR-222 and miR-320) forms a set to differentiate between tuberculoma with “decay” and FCT. Patients with tuberculoma without “decay” diagnosis differ from those with FCT in serum expression of miR-26a, miR-155, miR-191, miR-222 and miR-223. Further investigations are required to evaluate these sets on a larger population so as to set cut-off values that could be applied in laboratory diagnosis.
Collapse
|
9
|
Cheng Q, Chen M, Wang H, Chen X, Wu H, Du Y, Xue J. MicroRNA-27a-3p inhibits lung and skin fibrosis of systemic sclerosis by negatively regulating SPP1. Genomics 2022; 114:110391. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2022.110391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
|
10
|
Zaaroor Levy M, Rabinowicz N, Yamila Kohon M, Shalom A, Berl A, Hornik-Lurie T, Drucker L, Tartakover Matalon S, Levy Y. MiRNAs in Systemic Sclerosis Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Markers and Effectors. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030629. [PMID: 35327430 PMCID: PMC8945806 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a major cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Early detection may improve patient outcomes. Methods: We searched for circulating miRNAs that would constitute biomarkers in SSc patients with PAH (SSc-PAH). We compared miRNA levels and laboratory parameters while evaluating miRNA levels in white blood cells (WBCs) and myofibroblasts. Results: Our study found: 1) miR-26 and miR-let-7d levels were significantly lower in SSc-PAH (n = 12) versus SSc without PAH (SSc-noPAH) patients (n = 25); 2) a positive correlation between miR-26 and miR-let-7d and complement-C3; 3) GO-annotations of genes that are miR-26/miR-let-7d targets and that are expressed in myofibroblast cells, suggesting that these miRNAs regulate the TGF-β-pathway; 4) reduced levels of both miRNAs accompanied fibroblast differentiation to myofibroblasts, while macitentan (endothelin receptor-antagonist) increased the levels. WBCs of SSc-noPAH and SSc-PAH patients contained equal amounts of miR-26/miR-let-7d. During the study, an echocardiograph that predicted PAH development, showed increased pulmonary artery pressure in three SSc-noPAH patients. At study initiation, those patients and an additional SSc-noPAH patient, who eventually developed PAH, had miR-let-7d/miR-26 levels similar to those of SSc-PAH patients. This implies that reduced miR-let-7d/miR-26 levels might be an early indication of PAH. Conclusions: miR-26 and miR-let-7d may be serological markers for SSc-PAH. The results of our study suggest their involvement in myofibroblast differentiation and complement pathway activation, both of which are active in PAH development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mor Zaaroor Levy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
| | - Noa Rabinowicz
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
| | - Maia Yamila Kohon
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
| | - Avshalom Shalom
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
| | - Ariel Berl
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
| | | | - Liat Drucker
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Oncogenetic Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
| | - Shelly Tartakover Matalon
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
- Correspondence: (S.T.M.); (Y.L.); Tel./Fax: +972-9-74721992 (S.T.M.)
| | - Yair Levy
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (M.Z.L.); (N.R.); (M.Y.K.); (A.S.); (A.B.); (L.D.)
- Autoimmune Research Laboratory, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
- Department of Internal Medicine E, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba 4428164, Israel
- Correspondence: (S.T.M.); (Y.L.); Tel./Fax: +972-9-74721992 (S.T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yusof KM, Groen K, Rosli R, Avery-Kiejda KA. Crosstalk Between microRNAs and the Pathological Features of Secondary Lymphedema. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:732415. [PMID: 34733847 PMCID: PMC8558478 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.732415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary lymphedema is characterized by lymphatic fluid retention and subsequent tissue swelling in one or both limbs that can lead to decreased quality of life. It often arises after loss, obstruction, or blockage of lymphatic vessels due to multifactorial modalities, such as lymphatic insults after surgery, immune system dysfunction, deposition of fat that compresses the lymphatic capillaries, fibrosis, and inflammation. Although secondary lymphedema is often associated with breast cancer, the condition can occur in patients with any type of cancer that requires lymphadenectomy such as gynecological, genitourinary, or head and neck cancers. MicroRNAs demonstrate pivotal roles in regulating gene expression in biological processes such as lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis, modulation of the immune system, and oxidative stress. MicroRNA profiling has led to the discovery of the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of auto-immune, inflammation-related, and metabolic diseases. Although the role of microRNAs in regulating secondary lymphedema is yet to be elucidated, the crosstalk between microRNAs and molecular factors involved in the pathological features of lymphedema, such as skin fibrosis, inflammation, immune dysregulation, and aberrant lipid metabolism have been demonstrated in several studies. MicroRNAs have the potential to serve as biomarkers for diseases and elucidation of their roles in lymphedema can provide a better understanding or new insights of the mechanisms underlying this debilitating condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khairunnisa’ Md Yusof
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kira Groen
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Rozita Rosli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- UPM-MAKNA Cancer Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kelly A. Avery-Kiejda
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Szabo I, Muntean L, Crisan T, Rednic V, Sirbe C, Rednic S. Novel Concepts in Systemic Sclerosis Pathogenesis: Role for miRNAs. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101471. [PMID: 34680587 PMCID: PMC8533248 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare connective tissue disease with heterogeneous clinical phenotypes. It is characterized by the pathogenic triad: microangiopathy, immune dysfunction, and fibrosis. Epigenetic mechanisms modulate gene expression without interfering with the DNA sequence. Epigenetic marks may be reversible and their differential response to external stimuli could explain the protean clinical manifestations of SSc while offering the opportunity of targeted drug development. Small, non-coding RNA sequences (miRNAs) have demonstrated complex interactions between vasculature, immune activation, and extracellular matrices. Distinct miRNA profiles were identified in SSc skin specimens and blood samples containing a wide variety of dysregulated miRNAs. Their target genes are mainly involved in profibrotic pathways, but new lines of evidence also confirm their participation in impaired angiogenesis and aberrant immune responses. Research approaches focusing on earlier stages of the disease and on differential miRNA expression in various tissues could bring novel insights into SSc pathogenesis and validate the clinical utility of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iulia Szabo
- Department of Rheumatology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.S.); (C.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Laura Muntean
- Department of Rheumatology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.S.); (C.S.); (S.R.)
- Department of Rheumatology, County Emergency Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Tania Crisan
- Department of Medical Genetics, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Radboud University Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Voicu Rednic
- Department of Gastroenterology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Department of Gastroenterology II, “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor” Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Claudia Sirbe
- Department of Rheumatology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.S.); (C.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Simona Rednic
- Department of Rheumatology, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (I.S.); (C.S.); (S.R.)
- Department of Rheumatology, County Emergency Hospital Cluj-Napoca, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Assar S, Khazaei H, Naseri M, El-Senduny F, Momtaz S, Farzaei MH, Echeverría J. Natural Formulations: Novel Viewpoint for Scleroderma Adjunct Treatment. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:9920416. [PMID: 34258301 PMCID: PMC8253639 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9920416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scleroderma is a complex disease involving autoimmune, vascular, and connective tissues, with unknown etiology that can progress through any organ systems. OBJECTIVE Yet, no cure is available; the thorough treatment of scleroderma and current treatments are based on controlling inflammation. Nowadays, medicinal plants/natural-based formulations are emerging as important regulators of many diseases, including autoimmune diseases. Here, we provided an overview of scleroderma, also focused on recent studies on medicinal plants/natural-based formulations that are beneficial in scleroderma treatment/prevention. METHODS This study is the result of a search in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library with "scleroderma", "systemic sclerosis", "plant", "herb", and "phytochemical" keywords. Finally, 22 articles were selected from a total of 1513 results entered in this study. RESULTS Natural products can modulate the inflammatory and/or oxidative mediators, regulate the production or function of the immune cells, and control the collagen synthesis, thereby attenuating the experimental and clinical manifestation of the disease. CONCLUSION Natural compounds can be considered an adjunct treatment for scleroderma to improve the quality of life of patients suffering from this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Assar
- Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hosna Khazaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Maryam Naseri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Fardous El-Senduny
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), and Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
- Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group (GPIG), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Departamento de Ciencias del Ambiente, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Reolid A, Muñoz-Aceituno E, Abad-Santos F, Ovejero-Benito MC, Daudén E. Epigenetics in Non-tumor Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases. Mol Diagn Ther 2021; 25:137-161. [PMID: 33646564 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00507-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetics is the study of the mechanisms that regulate gene expression without modifying DNA sequences. Knowledge of and evidence about how epigenetics plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of many skin diseases is increasing. Since the epigenetic changes present in tumor diseases have been thoroughly reviewed, we believe that knowledge of the new epigenetic findings in non-tumor immune-mediated dermatological diseases should be of interest to the general dermatologist. Hence, the purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature on epigenetics in most non-tumor dermatological pathologies, focusing on psoriasis. Hyper- and hypomethylation of DNA methyltransferases and methyl-DNA binding domain proteins are the most common and studied methylation mechanisms. The acetylation and methylation of histones H3 and H4 are the most frequent and well-characterized histone modifications and may be associated with disease severity parameters and serve as therapeutic response markers. Many specific microRNAs dysregulated in non-tumor dermatological disease have been reviewed. Deepening the study of how epigenetic mechanisms influence non-tumor immune-mediated dermatological diseases might help us better understand the role of interactions between the environment and the genome in the physiopathogenesis of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Reolid
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
| | - E Muñoz-Aceituno
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS-IP), Diego de León, 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Abad-Santos
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - M C Ovejero-Benito
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| | - E Daudén
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Instituto Teófilo Hernando, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Princesa (IIS-IP), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dees C, Pötter S, Zhang Y, Bergmann C, Zhou X, Luber M, Wohlfahrt T, Karouzakis E, Ramming A, Gelse K, Yoshimura A, Jaenisch R, Distler O, Schett G, Distler JH. TGF-β-induced epigenetic deregulation of SOCS3 facilitates STAT3 signaling to promote fibrosis. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:2347-2363. [PMID: 31990678 DOI: 10.1172/jci122462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblasts are key effector cells in tissue remodeling. They remain persistently activated in fibrotic diseases, resulting in progressive deposition of extracellular matrix. Although fibroblast activation may be initiated by external factors, prolonged activation can induce an "autonomous," self-maintaining profibrotic phenotype in fibroblasts. Accumulating evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations play a central role in establishing this persistently activated pathologic phenotype of fibroblasts. We demonstrated that in fibrotic skin of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc), a prototypical idiopathic fibrotic disease, TGF-β induced the expression of DNA methyltransferase 3A (DNMT3A) and DNMT1 in fibroblasts in a SMAD-dependent manner to silence the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) by promoter hypermethylation. Downregulation of SOCS3 facilitated activation of STAT3 to promote fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition, collagen release, and fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Reestablishment of the epigenetic control of STAT3 signaling by genetic or pharmacological inactivation of DNMT3A reversed the activated phenotype of SSc fibroblasts in tissue culture, inhibited TGF-β-dependent fibroblast activation, and ameliorated experimental fibrosis in murine models. These findings identify a pathway of epigenetic imprinting of fibroblasts in fibrotic disease with translational implications for the development of targeted therapies in fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Dees
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Pötter
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christina Bergmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Luber
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Wohlfahrt
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Emmanuel Karouzakis
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Department of Trauma Surgery - Orthopedic Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Akihiko Yoshimura
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rudolf Jaenisch
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Oliver Distler
- Center of Experimental Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Hw Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Nazimek K. The complex functions of microRNA-150 in allergy, autoimmunity and immune tolerance. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2021016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>At present, special efforts are being made to develop the strategies allowing for activation of long-lasting antigen-specific immune tolerance in therapy of allergic and autoimmune diseases. Some of these therapeutic approaches are aimed at modulating cell functions at genetic level by using miRNA-based and miRNA-targeting treatments. Simultaneously, the crucial role of extracellular vesicles as natural miRNA conveyors is highlighted for induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance, especially that they appear to be easily manipulatable for therapeutic applications. Among other immune-related miRNAs, miR-150 is getting special attention as it is differently expressed by immune cells at various stages of their maturation and differentiation. In addition, miR-150 is involved in different signaling cascades orchestrating humoral and cell-mediated mechanisms of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, miR-150 is considered a master regulator of immunity in mammals. Currently, physiological miR-150-dependent regulatory circuits and causes of their malfunctioning that underlie the pathogenesis of allergic and autoimmune disorders are being unraveled. Thus, present review summarizes the current knowledge of the role of miR-150 in the pathogenesis and complications of these diseases. Furthermore, the involvement of miR-150 in regulation of immune responses to allergens and self-antigens and in induction of antigen-specific immune tolerance is discussed with the special emphasis on the therapeutic potential of this miRNA.</p>
</abstract>
Collapse
|
17
|
Domingo S, Solé C, Moliné T, Ferrer B, Cortés-Hernández J. MicroRNAs in Several Cutaneous Autoimmune Diseases: Psoriasis, Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus and Atopic Dermatitis. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122656. [PMID: 33321931 PMCID: PMC7763020 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNA molecules that regulate the gene expression at a post-transcriptional level and participate in maintaining the correct cell homeostasis and functioning. Different specific profiles have been identified in lesional skin from autoimmune cutaneous diseases, and their deregulation cause aberrant control of biological pathways, contributing to pathogenic conditions. Detailed knowledge of microRNA-affected pathways is of crucial importance for understating their role in skin autoimmune diseases. They may be promising therapeutic targets with novel clinical implications. They are not only present in skin tissue, but they have also been found in other biological fluids, such as serum, plasma and urine from patients, and therefore, they are potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis and response to treatment. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of the role of described miRNAs in several cutaneous autoimmune diseases: psoriasis (Ps, 33 miRNAs), cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE, 2 miRNAs) and atopic dermatitis (AD, 8 miRNAs). We highlight their role as crucial elements implicated in disease pathogenesis and their applicability as biomarkers and as a novel therapeutic approach in the management of skin inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Domingo
- Rheumatology Research Group, Lupus Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (J.C.-H.)
| | - Cristina Solé
- Rheumatology Research Group, Lupus Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (J.C.-H.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-9-3489-4045
| | - Teresa Moliné
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (B.F.)
| | - Berta Ferrer
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (T.M.); (B.F.)
| | - Josefina Cortés-Hernández
- Rheumatology Research Group, Lupus Unit, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (S.D.); (J.C.-H.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Stone RC, Chen V, Burgess J, Pannu S, Tomic-Canic M. Genomics of Human Fibrotic Diseases: Disordered Wound Healing Response. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21228590. [PMID: 33202590 PMCID: PMC7698326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21228590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic disease, which is implicated in almost half of all deaths worldwide, is the result of an uncontrolled wound healing response to injury in which tissue is replaced by deposition of excess extracellular matrix, leading to fibrosis and loss of organ function. A plethora of genome-wide association studies, microarrays, exome sequencing studies, DNA methylation arrays, next-generation sequencing, and profiling of noncoding RNAs have been performed in patient-derived fibrotic tissue, with the shared goal of utilizing genomics to identify the transcriptional networks and biological pathways underlying the development of fibrotic diseases. In this review, we discuss fibrosing disorders of the skin, liver, kidney, lung, and heart, systematically (1) characterizing the initial acute injury that drives unresolved inflammation, (2) identifying genomic studies that have defined the pathologic gene changes leading to excess matrix deposition and fibrogenesis, and (3) summarizing therapies targeting pro-fibrotic genes and networks identified in the genomic studies. Ultimately, successful bench-to-bedside translation of observations from genomic studies will result in the development of novel anti-fibrotic therapeutics that improve functional quality of life for patients and decrease mortality from fibrotic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rivka C. Stone
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (R.C.S.); (M.T.-C.)
| | - Vivien Chen
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
| | - Jamie Burgess
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
- Medical Scientist Training Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sukhmani Pannu
- Department of Dermatology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02116, USA;
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Dr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; (V.C.); (J.B.)
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami-Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: (R.C.S.); (M.T.-C.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Russomanno G, Jo KB, Abdul-Salam VB, Morgan C, Endruschat J, Schaeper U, Osman AH, Alzaydi MM, Wilkins MR, Wojciak-Stothard B. miR-150-PTPMT1-cardiolipin signaling in pulmonary arterial hypertension. MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 23:142-153. [PMID: 33335799 PMCID: PMC7733016 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Circulating levels of endothelial miR-150 are reduced in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and act as an independent predictor of patient survival, but links between endothelial miR-150 and vascular dysfunction are not well understood. We studied the effects of endothelial miR-150 supplementation and inhibition in PAH mice and cells from patients with idiopathic PAH. The role of selected mediators of miR-150 identified by RNA sequencing was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Endothelium-targeted miR-150 delivery prevented the disease in Sugen/hypoxia mice, while endothelial knockdown of miR-150 had adverse effects. miR-150 target genes revealed significant associations with PAH pathways, including proliferation, inflammation, and phospholipid signaling, with PTEN-like mitochondrial phosphatase (PTPMT1) most markedly altered. PTPMT1 reduced inflammation and apoptosis and improved mitochondrial function in human pulmonary endothelial cells and blood-derived endothelial colony-forming cells from idiopathic PAH. Beneficial effects of miR-150 in vitro and in vivo were linked with PTPMT1-dependent biosynthesis of mitochondrial phospholipid cardiolipin and reduced expression of pro-apoptotic, pro-inflammatory, and pro-fibrotic genes, including c-MYB, NOTCH3, transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and Col1a1. In conclusion, we are the first to show that miR-150 supplementation attenuates pulmonary endothelial damage induced by vascular stresses and may be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Russomanno
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology (ISMIB), University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Kyeong Beom Jo
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Vahitha B. Abdul-Salam
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Claire Morgan
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Ahmed H. Osman
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Mai M. Alzaydi
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- National Center for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology (KACST), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martin R. Wilkins
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Beata Wojciak-Stothard
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Corresponding author: Beata Wojciak-Stothard, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, ICTEM Building, Hammersmith Campus, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mortazavi-Jahromi SS, Aslani M, Mirshafiey A. A comprehensive review on miR-146a molecular mechanisms in a wide spectrum of immune and non-immune inflammatory diseases. Immunol Lett 2020; 227:8-27. [PMID: 32810557 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2020.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-strand endogenous and non-coding RNA molecules with a length of about 22 nucleotides, which regulate genes expression, through modulating the translation and stability of their target mRNAs. miR-146a is one of the most studied miRNAs, due to its central role in immune system homeostasis and control of the innate and acquired immune responses. Accordingly, abnormal expression or function of miR-146a results in the incidence and progression of immune and non-immune inflammatory diseases. Its deregulated expression pattern and inefficient function have been reported in a wide spectrum of these illnesses. Based on the existing evidence, this miRNA qualifies as an ideal biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and activity evaluation of immune and non-immune inflammatory disorders. Moreover, much attention has recently been paid to therapeutic potential of miR-146a and several researchers have assessed the effects of different drugs on expression and function of this miRNA at diverse experimental, animal, besides human levels, reporting motivating results in the treatment of the diseases. Here, in this comprehensive review, we provide an overview of miR-146a role in the pathogenesis and progression of several immune and non-immune inflammatory diseases such as Rheumatoid arthritis, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Inflammatory bowel disease, Multiple sclerosis, Psoriasis, Graves' disease, Atherosclerosis, Hepatitis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc., discuss about its eligibility for being a desirable biomarker for these disorders, and also highlight its therapeutic potential. Understanding these mechanisms underlies the selecting and designing the proper therapeutic targets and medications, which eventually facilitate the treatment process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirshafiey
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Luo Y, Xiao R. The Epigenetic Regulation of Scleroderma and Its Clinical Application. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1253:375-403. [PMID: 32445102 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-3449-2_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis; SSc) is a complex and highly heterogeneous multisystem rheumatic disease characterized by vascular abnormality, immunologic derangement, and excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. To date, the etiology of this life-threatening disorder remains not fully clear. More and more studies show epigenetic modifications play a vital role. The aberrant epigenetic status of certain molecules such as Fli-1, BMPRII, NRP1, CD70, CD40L, CD11A, FOXP3, KLF5, DKK1, SFRP1, and so on contributes to the pathogenesis of progressive vasculopathy, autoimmune dysfunction, and tissue fibrosis in SSc. Meanwhile, numerous miRNAs including miR-21, miR-29a, miR-196a, miR-202-3p, miR-150, miR-let-7a, and others are involved in the process. In addition, the abnormal epigenetic biomarker levels of CD11a, Foxp3, HDAC2, miR-30b, miR-142-3p, miR-150, miR-5196 in SSc are closely correlated with disease severity. In this chapter, we not only review new advancements on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of SSc and potential epigenetic biomarkers, but also discuss the therapeutic potential of epigenetic targeting therapeutics such as DNA methylation inhibitors, histone acetylase inhibitors, and miRNA replacement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Children's Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Khan AQ, Ahmad F, Raza SS, Zarif L, Siveen KS, Sher G, Agha MV, Rashid K, Kulinski M, Buddenkotte J, Uddin S, Steinhoff M. Role of non-coding RNAs in the progression and resistance of cutaneous malignancies and autoimmune diseases. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 83:208-226. [PMID: 32717336 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
23
|
Fioretto BS, Rosa I, Romano E, Wang Y, Guiducci S, Zhang G, Manetti M, Matucci-Cerinic M. The contribution of epigenetics to the pathogenesis and gender dimorphism of systemic sclerosis: a comprehensive overview. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2020; 12:1759720X20918456. [PMID: 32523636 PMCID: PMC7236401 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x20918456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a life-threatening connective tissue disorder of unknown etiology characterized by widespread vascular injury and dysfunction, impaired angiogenesis, immune dysregulation and progressive fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. Over the past few years, a new trend of investigations is increasingly reporting aberrant epigenetic modifications in genes related to the pathogenesis of SSc, suggesting that, besides genetics, epigenetics may play a pivotal role in disease development and clinical manifestations. Like many other autoimmune diseases, SSc presents a striking female predominance, and even if the reason for this gender imbalance has yet to be completely understood, it appears that the X chromosome, which contains many gender and immune-related genes, could play a role in such gender-biased prevalence. Besides a short summary of the genetic background of SSc, in this review we provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent insights into the epigenetic modifications which underlie the pathophysiology of SSc. A particular focus is given to genetic variations in genes located on the X chromosome as well as to the main X-linked epigenetic modifications that can influence SSc susceptibility and clinical phenotype. On the basis of the most recent advances, there is realistic hope that integrating epigenetic data with genomic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic analyses may provide in the future a better picture of their functional implications in SSc, paving the right way for a better understanding of disease pathogenesis and the development of innovative therapeutic approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Saveria Fioretto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical
Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence, Viale Pieraccini
6, Florence, 50139, Italy
| | - Irene Rosa
- Department of Experimental and Clinical
Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence and Scleroderma
Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC),Florence, Italy
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Anatomy and
Histology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Eloisa Romano
- Department of Experimental and Clinical
Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence and Scleroderma
Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence,
Italy
| | - Yukai Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,
Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, China
| | - Serena Guiducci
- Department of Experimental and Clinical
Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence and Scleroderma
Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence,
Italy
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University
Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mirko Manetti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical
Medicine, Section of Anatomy and Histology, University of Florence,
Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Matucci-Cerinic
- Department of Experimental and Clinical
Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Florence and Scleroderma
Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi (AOUC), Florence,
Italy
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Guan H, Peng R, Mao L, Fang F, Xu B, Chen M. Injured tubular epithelial cells activate fibroblasts to promote kidney fibrosis through miR-150-containing exosomes. Exp Cell Res 2020; 392:112007. [PMID: 32315664 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The kidney injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion (IR) usually comes with irreversible renal fibrosis, a process that develops into chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the underlying cellular mechanism has yet to be determined. To test our hypothesis that exosomes are tightly connected with kidney fibrosis following AKI, we studied the role of exosomes and the transfer of specific miRNA among other genetic components in injured tubular epithelial cells (TECs). We utilized an experimental IR mice model to simulate the fibrotic environment in injured tissue and detect the production of exosomes, and found that exosome deficiency could significantly alleviate the degree of kidney fibrosis following IR administration. MiRNA profiling of exosomes extracted from renal tissue samples with or without ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) revealed that miR-150 was markedly increased as a compelling profibrotic molecule, as evidenced by the fact that overexpression of miR-150 facilitated renal fibrosis. Exosomes isolated from hypoxia TECs also induced the increased production of miR-150. In cocultured fibroblasts with TECs-derived exosomes, we confirmed a direct uptake of exosomal miR-150 by fibroblasts. Finally, we verified that in vivo ischemia mice pretreated with exosomes enriched in miR-150 developed more profibrotic manifestations. Thus, our current study indicated that TECs have the ability to employ exosomes to initiate the activation and proliferation of fibroblasts via direct shuttling of miR-150-containing exosomes during reparative responses, and that exosome/miR-150 provides the groundwork for research to develop more personalized therapeutic approaches for controlling tissue fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Guan
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College. Bengbu, China
| | - Rui Peng
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College. Bengbu, China
| | - Likai Mao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Immunology, School of Laboratory Medicine, Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Urology, Affliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Urology, Affliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
MicroRNA Expression in Cutaneous Lupus: A New Window to Understand Its Pathogenesis. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:5049245. [PMID: 32082077 PMCID: PMC7012207 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5049245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of cutaneous lupus has not been studied. Objective It was to assess the levels of a selected panel of circulating miRNAs that could be involved in the regulation of the immune response, inflammation, and fibrosis in cutaneous lupus. Methods It was a cross-sectional study. We included 22 patients with subacute (SCLE) and 20 with discoid (DLE) lesions, and 19 healthy donors (HD). qRT-PCR for miRNA analysis, flow cytometry in peripheral blood, and skin immunohistochemistry were performed to determine the distribution of CD4 T cells and regulatory cells and their correlation with circulating miRNAs. Results miR-150, miR-1246, miR-21, miR-23b, and miR-146 levels were downregulated in SCLE vs. HD. miR-150, miR-1246, and miR-21 levels were downregulated in DLE vs. HD. miR-150, miR-1246, and miR-21 levels were downregulated in DLE γ+ with miR-1246 in SCLE, whereas CD123+/CD196+/IDO+ cells were positively associated with miR-150 in DLE. In the tissue, CD4+/IL-4+ and CD20+/IL-10+ cells were positively associated with miR-21 and CD4+/IFN-γ+ with miR-1246 in SCLE, whereas CD123+/CD196+/IDO+ cells were positively associated with miR-150 in DLE. In the tissue, CD4+/IL-4+ and CD20+/IL-10+ cells were positively associated with miR-21 and CD4+/IFN-β, thyroid hormone, and cancer signaling pathways were shared between miR-21, miR-31, miR-23b, miR-146a, miR-1246, and miR-150. Conclusions A downregulation of miR-150, miR-1246, and miR-21 in both CLE varieties vs. HD. miR-150, miR-1246, and miR-21 levels were downregulated in DLE
Collapse
|
26
|
Qiu M, Mo L, Li J, Liang H, Zhu W, Zheng X, Duan X, Xu W. Effects of miR-150-5p on the growth and SOCS1 expression of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts. Clin Rheumatol 2019; 39:909-917. [PMID: 31879859 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-019-04894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE miR-150-5p has been implicated in the regulation and onset of immune diseases. We investigated the effects of miR-150-5p on the functions of RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). METHOD The binding site between suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) and miR-150-5p was analyzed using European Bioinformatics Institute database, and the 3' UTR of SOCS1 mRNA, including the binding site, was amplified and ligated to the 3'-end of LUC2 gene in the pmirGL0 dual-luciferase vector. The pmirGL0 vector and corresponding mimics were subsequently co-transfected into 293T cells to compare the relative fluorescence intensity of LUC2 between the miR-150-5p mimics and the negative control (NC) mimics groups. Further, the RASF cell line MH7A was transfected with miR-150-5p or NC mimics and subjected to flow cytometric analysis, cell counting kit-8 assay, western blot analysis, qPCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA) assay 48 h after transfection. RESULTS miR-150-5p mimics resulted in a lower cell apoptotic rate and proportion of cells in the S phase. Using a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, we then found that SOCS1 is a potential target of miR-150-5p. Compared with NC mimics, miR-150-5p mimics significantly decreased the protein and mRNA expression levels of SOCS1. ELISA assay showed that miR-150-5p mimics increased interleukin-6 level in the cell culture medium but did not influence tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the growth-promoting effect of miR-150-5p on MH7A cells may be attributed to the miR-150-5p-induced degradation of SOCS1 mRNA, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for RA.Key Points• SOCS1 is a potential target of miR-150-5p.• miR-150-5p promoted the growth of RASF cell line MH7A.• miR-150-5p increased the secretion of IL-6 but did not significantly affect TNF-α levels in MH7A cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Qiu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Lisha Mo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Juxiang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Hua Liang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Weina Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Xiangjuan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Xinwang Duan
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Weidong Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Asano Y, Varga J. Rationally-based therapeutic disease modification in systemic sclerosis: Novel strategies. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 101:146-160. [PMID: 31859147 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a highly challenging chronic condition that is dominated by the pathogenetic triad of vascular damage, immune dysregulation/autoimmunity and fibrosis in multiple organs. A hallmark of SSc is the remarkable degree of molecular and phenotypic disease heterogeneity, which surpasses that of other complex rheumatic diseases. Disease trajectories in SSc are unpredictable and variable from patient to patient. Disease-modifying therapies for SSc are lacking, long-term morbidity is considerable and mortality remains unacceptably high. Currently-used empirical approaches to disease modification have modest and variable clinical efficacy and impact on survival, are expensive and frequently associated with unfavorable side effects, and none can be considered curative. However, research during the past several years is yielding significant advances with therapeutic potential. In particular, the application of unbiased omics-based discovery technologies to large and well-characterized SSc patient cohorts, coupled with hypothesis-testing experimental research using a variety of model systems is revealing new insights into SSc that allow formulation of a more nuanced appreciation of disease heterogeneity, and a deepening understanding of pathogenesis. Indeed, we are now presented with numerous novel and rationally-based strategies for targeted SSc therapy, several of which are currently, or expected to be shortly, undergoing clinical evaluation. In this review, we discuss promising novel therapeutic targets and rationally-based approaches to disease modification that have the potential to improve long-term outcomes in SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - John Varga
- Northwestern Scleroderma Program, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Epigenetics has been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). In this review, the involvement of the three epigenetic mechanisms in SSc development and progression-DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs-will be discussed. RECENT FINDINGS Alteration in epigenetics was observed in immune cells, dermal fibroblasts, and endothelial cells derived from SSc patients. Genes that are affected include those involved in immune cell function and differentiation, TGFβ and Wnt pathways, extracellular matrix accumulation, transcription factors, and angiogenesis. All the studies remain in the pre-clinical stage. Extensive research provides evidence that epigenetic alterations are critical for SSc pathogenesis. Future epigenomic studies will undoubtedly continue to broaden our understanding of disease pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity. They will also provide the scientific basis for repurposing epigenetic-modifying agents for SSc patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Suen Tsou
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 109 Zina Pitcher Pl., 4025 BSRB, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2200, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
O'Reilly S. Epigenetic modulation as a therapy in systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58:191-196. [PMID: 29579252 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/key071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
SSc is an autoimmune idiopathic disease in which there is an inflammatory component driving fibrosis. The chief cell involved is the myofibroblast, which when activated secretes copious amounts of extracellular matrix that forms deposits, leading to stiffness and fibrosis. The fibrosis is most prevalent in the skin and lungs. In recent years epigenetic modifications have been uncovered that positively and negatively regulate the genesis of the myofibroblasts and that can be activated and regulated by a variety of cytokines and hormones. The epigenetic contribution to these cells and to SSc is only now really coming to light, and this opens up a new therapeutic target for the disease for which many epigenetic drugs, such as miRNA replacements, are beginning to be developed. This review will examine the epigenetic regulators in the disease and possible targeting of these.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven O'Reilly
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon-Tyne, UK
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kozlova A, Pachera E, Maurer B, Jüngel A, Distler JHW, Kania G, Distler O. Regulation of Fibroblast Apoptosis and Proliferation by MicroRNA-125b in Systemic Sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2019; 71:2068-2080. [PMID: 31309742 DOI: 10.1002/art.41041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the expression, regulation, and role of microRNA-125b (miR-125b) in systemic sclerosis (SSc). METHODS MiR-125b expression was assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) of RNA from dermal fibroblasts and whole skin biopsy specimens from healthy controls and SSc patients. To identify downstream effectors, RNA from healthy control fibroblasts was sequenced after miR-125b knockdown and further validated using qPCR and Western blotting. Fibrosis, apoptosis, and proliferation were assessed by Caspase-Glo 3/7 assay, Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining for cleaved caspase 3, and annexin V real-time assay in dermal fibroblasts. RESULTS Expression of miR-125b was significantly down-regulated in SSc skin biopsy specimens by 53% (median fold change 0.47 [interquartile range 0.35-0.69]; P < 0.001) and in SSc dermal fibroblasts by 47% (median fold change 0.53 [interquartile range 0.36-0.58]; P < 0.001) compared to healthy control skin biopsy specimens and fibroblasts, respectively (n = 10 samples per group). Treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A and tubastatin A significantly decreased the expression of miR-125b in dermal fibroblasts. MiR-125b knockdown significantly reduced cell proliferation and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. RNA-Seq identified BAK1, BMF, and BBC3 as potential targets of miR-125b. Quantitative PCR confirmed that knockdown of miR-125b up-regulated these genes (P < 0.01; n = 12). Bcl-2 homologous antagonist killer 1 showed the strongest induction confirmed at the protein level (P < 0.01; n = 10). Consequently, miR-125b knockdown increased apoptosis compared to scrambled control. Accordingly, miR-125b overexpression decreased apoptosis. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that miR-125b is down-regulated in SSc skin and primary dermal fibroblasts. MiR-125b down-regulation increases apoptosis and decreases proliferation and α-SMA expression in dermal fibroblasts, indicating that its compensatory, antifibrotic mechanism may be a potential novel therapeutic option.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jörg H W Distler
- Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ramos PS. Epigenetics of scleroderma: Integrating genetic, ethnic, age, and environmental effects. JOURNAL OF SCLERODERMA AND RELATED DISORDERS 2019; 4:238-250. [PMID: 35382507 PMCID: PMC8922566 DOI: 10.1177/2397198319855872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Scleroderma or systemic sclerosis is thought to result from the interplay between environmental or non-genetic factors in a genetically susceptible individual. Epigenetic modifications are influenced by genetic variation and environmental exposures, and change with chronological age and between populations. Despite progress in identifying genetic, epigenetic, and environmental risk factors, the underlying mechanism of systemic sclerosis remains unclear. Since epigenetics provides the regulatory mechanism linking genetic and non-genetic factors to gene expression, understanding the role of epigenetic regulation in systemic sclerosis will elucidate how these factors interact to cause systemic sclerosis. Among the cell types under tight epigenetic control and susceptible to epigenetic dysregulation, immune cells are critically involved in early pathogenic events in the progression of fibrosis and systemic sclerosis. This review starts by summarizing the changes in DNA methylation, histone modification, and non-coding RNAs associated with systemic sclerosis. It then discusses the role of genetic, ethnic, age, and environmental effects on epigenetic regulation, with a focus on immune system dysregulation. Given the potential of epigenome editing technologies for cell reprogramming and as a therapeutic approach for durable gene regulation, this review concludes with a prospect on epigenetic editing. Although epigenomics in systemic sclerosis is in its infancy, future studies will help elucidate the regulatory mechanisms underpinning systemic sclerosis and inform the design of targeted epigenetic therapies to control its dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Ramos
- Paula S. Ramos, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine and Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Suite 816, MSC 637, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Henry TW, Mendoza FA, Jimenez SA. Role of microRNA in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis tissue fibrosis and vasculopathy. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:102396. [PMID: 31520794 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2019.102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) pathogenesis involves multiple immunological, vascular and fibroproliferative abnormalities that contribute to a severe and complex clinical picture. Vasculopathy and fibroproliferative alterations are two hallmark pathological processes in SSc that are responsible for the most severe clinical manifestations of the disease and determine its clinical outcome and mortality. However, the pathogenesis of SSc vasculopathy and of the uncontrolled SSc fibrotic process remain incompletely understood. Recent investigations into the molecular pathways involved in these processes have identified an important role for epigenetic processes that contribute to overall disease progression and have emphasized microRNAs (miRNAs) as crucial epigenetic regulators. MiRNAs hold unique potential for elucidating SSc pathogenesis, improving diagnosis and developing effective targeted therapies for the disease. This review examines the important role that miRNAs play in the development and regulation of vascular and fibroproliferative alterations associated with SSc pathogenesis and their possible participation in the establishment of pathogenetic connections between these two processes. This review also emphasizes that further understanding of the involvement of miRNA in SSc fibrosis and vasculopathy will very likely provide novel future research directions and allow for the identification of groundbreaking therapeutic interventions within these processes. MiR-21, miR- 31, and miR-155 are of particular interest owing to their important involvement in both SSc vasculopathy and fibroproliferative alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler W Henry
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia 19107, USA; Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, USA
| | - Fabian A Mendoza
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, USA
| | - Sergio A Jimenez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine and Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wermuth PJ, Piera-Velazquez S, Rosenbloom J, Jimenez SA. Existing and novel biomarkers for precision medicine in systemic sclerosis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2019; 14:421-432. [PMID: 29789665 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-018-0021-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery and validation of biomarkers resulting from technological advances in the analysis of genomic, transcriptomic, lipidomic and metabolomic pathways involved in the pathogenesis of complex human diseases have led to the development of personalized and rationally designed approaches for the clinical management of such disorders. Although some of these approaches have been applied to systemic sclerosis (SSc), an unmet need remains for validated, non-invasive biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of SSc, as well as in the assessment of disease progression and response to therapeutic interventions. Advances in global transcriptomic technology over the past 15 years have enabled the assessment of microRNAs that circulate in the blood of patients and the analysis of the macromolecular content of a diverse group of lipid bilayer membrane-enclosed extracellular vesicles, such as exosomes and other microvesicles, which are released by all cells into the extracellular space and circulation. Such advances have provided new opportunities for the discovery of biomarkers in SSc that could potentially be used to improve the design and evaluation of clinical trials and that will undoubtedly enable the development of personalized and individualized medicine for patients with SSc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Wermuth
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrosis Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sonsoles Piera-Velazquez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrosis Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Joel Rosenbloom
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrosis Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sergio A Jimenez
- Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,The Joan and Joel Rosenbloom Center for Fibrosis Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. .,The Scleroderma Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Rheumatic diseases are a group of chronic heterogeneous autoimmune disorders characterized by abnormal regulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Despite extensive efforts, the full spectrum of molecular factors that contribute to the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases remains unclear. ncRNAs can govern gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels in multiple diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated an important role for ncRNAs, such as miRNAs and lncRNAs, in the development of immune cells and rheumatic diseases. Here, we focus on the epigenetic regulatory roles of ncRNAs in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases and as biomarkers of disease state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilin Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Honglin Zhu
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Mamalis A, Koo E, Tepper C, Jagdeo J. MicroRNA expression analysis of human skin fibroblasts treated with high-fluence light-emitting diode-red light. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800207. [PMID: 30182520 PMCID: PMC6401359 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Skin fibrosis is a chronic debilitating feature of several skin diseases that lead to characteristic increases in dermal fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition through upregulation in components of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B)/SMAD pathway. In contrast to ultraviolet phototherapy, high-fluence light-emitting diode-generated red light (HF-LED-RL, 633 ± 15 nm) is a safe, economic and non-invasive therapy with in vitro evidence that supports modulation of the key cellular characteristics involved in the pathogenesis of skin fibrosis. Limited data exists pertaining to the effects of HF-LED-RL on human skin fibroblast microRNA (miRNA). Herein, we explored the effects of HF-LED-RL on fibroblast miRNA levels using RNA-seq and miRNA expression analysis. Using RNA-seq analysis we found that HF-LED-RL at 320 and 640 J/cm2 increased transcription of key miRNA that are involved in skin fibrosis including miRNA-29, miRNA-196a and Let-7a, and decreased transcription of miRNA-21, miRNA-23b and miRNA-31. These microRNA findings provide insight into the molecular underpinnings of HF-LED-RL and highlight potential therapeutic targets of interest for the treatment of skin fibrosis. Additional research on the specific molecular mechanisms underlying HF-LED-RL effects on fibroblasts may provide further mechanistic insight into this therapy and may reveal additional future therapeutic targets for skin fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Mamalis
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Eugene Koo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA, USA
| | - Cliff Tepper
- Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Jared Jagdeo
- Department of Dermatology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA
- Department of Dermatology, University of California at Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
- Dermatology Service, Sacramento VA Medical Center, Mather, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Calabro NE, Barrett A, Chamorro-Jorganes A, Tam S, Kristofik NJ, Xing H, Loye AM, Sessa WC, Hansen K, Kyriakides TR. Thrombospondin-2 regulates extracellular matrix production, LOX levels, and cross-linking via downregulation of miR-29. Matrix Biol 2019; 82:71-85. [PMID: 30876926 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Collagen fibrillogenesis and crosslinking have long been implicated in extracellular matrix (ECM)-dependent processes such as fibrosis and scarring. However, the extent to which matricellular proteins influence ECM protein production and fibrillar collagen crosslinking has yet to be determined. Here we show that thrombospondin 2 (TSP2), an anti-angiogenic matricellular protein, is an important modulator of ECM homeostasis. Specifically, through a fractionated quantitative proteomics approach, we show that loss of TSP2 leads to a unique ECM phenotype characterized by a significant decrease in fibrillar collagen, matricellular, and structural ECM protein production in the skin of TSP2 KO mice. Additionally, TSP2 KO skin displays decreased lysyl oxidase (LOX), which manifests as an increase in fibrillar collagen solubility and decreased levels of LOX-mediated fibrillar collagen crosslinking. We show that these changes are indirectly mediated by miR-29, a major regulator of ECM proteins and LOX, as miR-29 expression is increased in the TSP2 KO. Altogether, these findings indicate that TSP2 contributes to ECM production and assembly by regulating miR-29 and LOX.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N E Calabro
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - A Barrett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - A Chamorro-Jorganes
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - S Tam
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - N J Kristofik
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Hao Xing
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Ayomiposi M Loye
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - W C Sessa
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - K Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - T R Kyriakides
- Interdepartmental Program in Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Henderson J, Distler J, O'Reilly S. The Role of Epigenetic Modifications in Systemic Sclerosis: A Druggable Target. Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:395-411. [PMID: 30858032 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune disorder characterised by skin fibrosis that often also affects internal organs, eventually resulting in mortality. Although management of the symptoms has extended lifespan, patients still suffer from poor quality of life, hence the need for improved therapies. Development of efficacious treatments has been stymied by the unknown aetiology, although recent advancements suggest a potentially key role for epigenetics - the regulation of gene expression by noncoding RNAs and chemical modifications to DNA or DNA-associated proteins. Herein, the evidence implicating epigenetics in the pathogenesis of SSc is discussed with an emphasis on the therapeutic potential this introduces to the field - particularly the repurposing of epigenetic targeting cancer therapeutics and newly emerging miRNA-based strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Henderson
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Building, Tyne and Wear, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 8ST, UK
| | - Joerg Distler
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Erlangen University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Steven O'Reilly
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Ellison Building, Tyne and Wear, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 8ST, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Specific Autoantibodies and Clinical Phenotypes Correlate with the Aberrant Expression of Immune-Related MicroRNAs in Dermatomyositis. J Immunol Res 2019; 2019:2927061. [PMID: 30915368 PMCID: PMC6399529 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2927061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims The serum concentrations of miRNAs, miR-23a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-146b-5p, and miR-150-5p, were shown to be associated with the immune and inflammatory progressions. We assessed the expressions of these five miRNAs in association with clinical phenotypes and myositis-specific autoantibody-defined subgroups of dermatomyositis (DM). Methods The present study included 49 patients with DM and 30 healthy controls. The serum concentrations of miR-23a-3p, miR-23b-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-146b-5p, and miR-150-5p were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Associations between the serum concentrations of miRNAs and DM clinical immune phenotypes were examined as well. Results The serum concentrations of miR-23b-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-150-5p were significantly downregulated in DM patients (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, and P = 0.002, respectively), while miR-146b-5p was remarkably upregulated in DM patients compared with healthy controls (P = 0.039). Similarly, the expressions of miR-23b-3p, miR-146a-5p, and miR-150-5p were significantly downregulated in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from DM patients. Further study indicated that the serum level of miR-23b-3p was significantly correlated with creatine kinase (CK) (r = −0.286, P = 0.046) and the serum level of miR-146a-5p was evidently correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) (r = −0.358, P = 0.012). Significant correlations were also observed between the serum levels of miR-146b-5p and CRP (r = −0.347, P = 0.014) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (r = −0.287, P = 0.046). In addition, the expression level of miR-146b-5p was upregulated in DM complicated by tumors compared with those without tumors (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Especially, miR-150-5p was significantly downregulated in DM patients with anti-MDA5 antibodies and anti-NXP2 antibodies compared with those without (P = 0.017 and P = 0.047, respectively). No significant differences were observed between the four serum microRNAs in patients with and without interstitial lung diseases (all P > 0.05). Conclusion The results suggest an association between the four immune-related microRNAs and different clinical immune-phenotypes, and this association may regulate the complexity of disease processes through multipathways in DM patients.
Collapse
|
39
|
Cai P, Mu Y, Olveda RM, Ross AG, Olveda DU, McManus DP. Circulating miRNAs as footprints for liver fibrosis grading in schistosomiasis. EBioMedicine 2018; 37:334-343. [PMID: 30482723 PMCID: PMC6286190 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic infection with Schistosoma japonicum or S. mansoni results in hepatic fibrosis of the human host. Staging fibrosis is crucial for the prognosis and to determine the rapid need of treatment in patients with schistosomiasis. METHODS To establish whether there is a correlation between circulating microRNA (miRNA) level and fibrosis progression in schistosomiasis, ten miRNAs were selected to assess their potential in grading schistosomiasis liver fibrosis. This was done firstly in two mouse strains (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) to determine the temporal expression profiles in serum over the course of S. japonicum infection, and then within a cohort of 163 schistosomiasis japonica patients with different grades of liver fibrosis. FINDING Four miRNAs (miR-150-5p, let-7a-5p, let-7d-5p and miR-146a-5p) were able to distinguish patients with mild versus severe fibrosis. The level of serum miR-150-5p showed the most promising potential for grading hepatic fibrosis in schistosomiasis. The diagnostic performance of miR-150-5p in discriminating mild from severe fibrosis is comparable with that of the ELF test and serum HA level. In addition, the serum levels of the four miRNAs rebounded in infected C57BL/6 mice, after 6 months post treatment, following the regression of liver fibrosis, thereby providing further support for the utility of these miRNAs in grading schistosomal hepatic fibrosis. INTERPRETATION Circulating miRNAs can be a supplementary tool for assessing hepatic fibrosis in human schistosomiasis. FUND: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) of Australia (APP1102926, APP1037304 and APP1098244).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Cai
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Yi Mu
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Remigio M Olveda
- Department of Health, Research Institute for Tropical Medicine, Manila, Philippines
| | - Allen G Ross
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia; icddr b, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - David U Olveda
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Donald P McManus
- Molecular Parasitology Laboratory, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Di Marco M, Ramassone A, Pagotto S, Anastasiadou E, Veronese A, Visone R. MicroRNAs in Autoimmunity and Hematological Malignancies. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103139. [PMID: 30322050 PMCID: PMC6213554 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmunity and hematological malignancies are often concomitant in patients. A causal bidirectional relationship exists between them. Loss of immunological tolerance with inappropriate activation of the immune system, likely due to environmental and genetic factors, can represent a breeding ground for the appearance of cancer cells and, on the other hand, blood cancers are characterized by imbalanced immune cell subsets that could support the development of the autoimmune clone. Considerable effort has been made for understanding the proteins that have a relevant role in both processes; however, literature advances demonstrate that microRNAs (miRNAs) surface as the epigenetic regulators of those proteins and control networks linked to both autoimmunity and hematological malignancies. Here we review the most up-to-date findings regarding the miRNA-based molecular mechanisms that underpin autoimmunity and hematological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirco Di Marco
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Alice Ramassone
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Sara Pagotto
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Eleni Anastasiadou
- Harvard Medical School Initiative for RNA Medicine, Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Angelo Veronese
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science (DMSI), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Rosa Visone
- Ageing Research Center and Translational medicine-CeSI-MeT, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences (DSMOB), "G. d'Annunzio" University Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Shi X, Liu Q, Li N, Tu W, Luo R, Mei X, Ma Y, Xu W, Chu H, Jiang S, Du Z, Zhao H, Zhao L, Jin L, Wu W, Wang J. MiR-3606-3p inhibits systemic sclerosis through targeting TGF-β type II receptor. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1967-1978. [PMID: 30145936 PMCID: PMC6224271 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1509621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystemic fibrotic disease characterized by excessive collagen deposition and extracellular matrix synthesis. Though transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of SSc, the mechanism by which TGF-β signaling acts in SSc remains largely unclear. Here, we showed that TGF-β type II receptor (TGFBR2) was significantly upregulated in both human SSc dermal tissues and primary fibroblasts. In fibroblasts, siRNA-induced knockdown of TGFBR2 resulted in a reduction of p-SMAD2/3 levels and reduced production of type I collagen. Additionally, functional experiments revealed that downregulation of TGFBR2 yielded an anti-growth effect on fibroblasts through inhibiting cell cycle progression. Further studies showed that miR-3606-3p could directly target the 3'-UTR of TGFBR2 and significantly decrease the levels of both TGFBR2 mRNA and protein. Furthermore, SSc dermal tissues and primary fibroblasts contain significantly reduced amounts of miR-3606-3p, and the overexpression of miR-3606-3p in fibroblasts replicates the phenotype of TGFBR2 downregulation. Collectively, our findings demonstrated that increased TGFBR2 could be responsible for the hyperactive TGF-β signaling observed in SSc. Moreover, we identified a pivotal role for miR-3606-3p in SSc, which acts, at least partly, through the attenuation of TGF-β signaling via TGFBR2 repression, suggesting that the regulation of miR-3606-3p/TGFBR2 could be a promising therapeutic target that could improve the treatment strategy for fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Wenzhen Tu
- Division of Rheumatology, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruoyu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqian Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Weihong Xu
- The Clinical Laboratory of Shanghai Tongren Hosipital, Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Zhimin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Han Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Liang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Anthropology and Human Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, P. R. China
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ricard-Blum S, Baffet G, Théret N. Molecular and tissue alterations of collagens in fibrosis. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:122-149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
43
|
Abstract
Activation of TGF-β1 initiates a program of temporary collagen accumulation important to wound repair in many organs. However, the outcome of temporary extracellular matrix strengthening all too frequently morphs into progressive fibrosis, contributing to morbidity and mortality worldwide. To avoid this maladaptive outcome, TGF-β1 signaling is regulated at numerous levels and intimately connected to feedback signals that limit accumulation. Here, we examine the current understanding of the core functions of TGF-β1 in promoting collagen accumulation, parallel pathways that promote physiological repair, and pathological triggers that tip the balance toward progressive fibrosis. Implicit in better understanding of these processes is the identification of therapeutic opportunities that will need to be further advanced to limit or reverse organ fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109
| | - Dean Sheppard
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| | - Harold A Chapman
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, and Lung Biology Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Duong TE, Hagood JS. Epigenetic Regulation of Myofibroblast Phenotypes in Fibrosis. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 6:79-96. [PMID: 30271681 DOI: 10.1007/s40139-018-0155-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Myofibroblasts are the fundamental drivers of fibrosing disorders; there is great value in better defining epigenetic networks involved in myofibroblast behavior. Complex epigenetic paradigms, which are likely organ and/or disease specific, direct pathologic myofibroblast phenotypes. In this review, we highlight epigenetic regulators and the mechanisms through which they shape myofibroblast phenotype in fibrotic diseases of different organs. Recent Findings Hundreds of genes and their expression contribute to the myofibroblast transcriptional regime influencing myofibroblast phenotype. An increasingly large number of epigenetic modifications have been identified in the regulation of these signaling pathways driving myofibroblast activation and disease progression. Drugs that inhibit or reverse profibrotic epigenetic modifications have shown promise in vitro and in vivo; however, no current epigenetic therapies have been approved to treat fibrosis. Newly described epigenetic mechanisms will be mentioned, along with potential therapeutic targets and innovative strategies to further understand myofibroblast-directed fibrosis. Summary Epigenetic regulators that direct myofibroblast behavior and differentiation into pathologic myofibroblast phenotypes in fibrotic disorders comprise both overlapping and organ-specific epigenetic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thu Elizabeth Duong
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - James S Hagood
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Rady Children's Hospital of San Diego, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Serum microRNA screening and functional studies reveal miR-483-5p as a potential driver of fibrosis in systemic sclerosis. J Autoimmun 2018; 89:162-170. [PMID: 29371048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory molecules, which have been addressed as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in rheumatic diseases. Here, we investigated the miRNA signature in the serum of systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients and we further assessed their expression in early stages of the disease. METHODS The levels of 758 miRNAs were evaluated in the serum of 26 SSc patients as compared to 9 healthy controls by using an Openarray platform. Three miRNAs were examined in an additional cohort of 107 SSc patients and 24 healthy donors by single qPCR. MiR-483-5p expression was further analysed in the serum of patients with localized scleroderma (LoS) (n = 22), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n = 33) and primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) (n = 23). The function of miR-483-5p was examined by transfecting miR-483-5p into primary human dermal fibroblasts and pulmonary endothelial cells. RESULTS 30 miRNAs were significantly increased in patients with SSc. Of these, miR-483-5p showed reproducibly higher levels in an independent SSc cohort and was also elevated in patients with preclinical-SSc symptoms (early SSc). Notably, miR-483-5p was not differentially expressed in patients with SLE or pSS, whereas it was up-regulated in LoS, indicating that this miRNA could be involved in the development of skin fibrosis. Consistently, miR-483-5p overexpression in fibroblasts and endothelial cells modulated the expression of fibrosis-related genes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings showed that miR-483-5p is up-regulated in the serum of SSc patients, from the early stages of the disease onwards, and indicated its potential function as a fine regulator of fibrosis in SSc.
Collapse
|
46
|
Aslani S, Sobhani S, Gharibdoost F, Jamshidi A, Mahmoudi M. Epigenetics and pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis; the ins and outs. Hum Immunol 2018; 79:178-187. [PMID: 29330110 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of many diseases is influenced by environmental factors which can affect human genome and be inherited from generation to generation. Adverse environmental stimuli are recognized through the epigenetic regulatory complex, leading to gene expression alteration, which in turn culminates in disease outcomes. Three epigenetic regulatory mechanisms modulate the manifestation of a gene, namely DNA methylation, histone changes, and microRNAs. Both epigenetics and genetics have been implicated in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) disease. Genetic inheritance rate of SSc is low and the concordance rate in both monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins is little, implying other possible pathways in SSc pathogenesis scenario. Here, we provide an extensive overview of the studies regarding different epigenetic events which may offer insights into the pathology of SSc. Furthermore, epigenetic-based interventions to treat SSc patients were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Aslani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Sobhani
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Gharibdoost
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Jamshidi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Bergmann C, Brandt A, Merlevede B, Hallenberger L, Dees C, Wohlfahrt T, Pötter S, Zhang Y, Chen CW, Mallano T, Liang R, Kagwiria R, Kreuter A, Pantelaki I, Bozec A, Abraham D, Rieker R, Ramming A, Distler O, Schett G, Distler JHW. The histone demethylase Jumonji domain-containing protein 3 (JMJD3) regulates fibroblast activation in systemic sclerosis. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 77:150-158. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
ObjectivesSystemic sclerosis (SSc) fibroblasts remain activated even in the absence of exogenous stimuli. Epigenetic alterations are thought to play a role for this endogenous activation. Trimethylation of histone H3 on lysine 27 (H3K27me3) is regulated by Jumonji domain-containing protein 3 (JMJD3) and ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X (UTX) in a therapeutically targetable manner. The aim of this study was to explore H3K27me3 demethylases as potential targets for the treatment of fibrosis.MethodsJMJD3 was inactivated by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown and by pharmacological inhibition with GSKJ4. The effects of targeted inactivation of JMJD3 were analysed in cultured fibroblasts and in the murine models of bleomycin-induced and topoisomerase-I (topoI)-induced fibrosis. H3K27me3 at the FRA2 promoter was analysed by ChIP.ResultsThe expression of JMJD3, but not of UTX, was increased in fibroblasts in SSc skin and in experimental fibrosis in a transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ)-dependent manner. Inactivation of JMJD3 reversed the activated fibroblast phenotype in SSc fibroblasts and prevented the activation of healthy dermal fibroblasts by TGFβ. Pharmacological inhibition of JMJD3 ameliorated bleomycin-induced and topoI-induced fibrosis in well-tolerated doses. JMJD3 regulated fibroblast activation in a FRA2-dependent manner: Inactivation of JMJD3 reduced the expression of FRA2 by inducing accumulation of H3K27me3 at the FRA2 promoter. Moreover, the antifibrotic effects of JMJD3 inhibition were reduced on knockdown of FRA2.ConclusionWe present first evidence for a deregulation of JMJD3 in SSc. JMJD3 modulates fibroblast activation by regulating the levels of H3K27me3 at the promoter of FRA2. Targeted inhibition of JMJD3 limits the aberrant activation of SSc fibroblasts and exerts antifibrotic effects in two murine models.
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhang XY, Tang XY, Ma LJ, Guo YL, Li XS, Zhao LM, Tian CJ, Cheng DJ, Chen ZC, Zhang LX. Schisandrin B down-regulated lncRNA BCYRN1 expression of airway smooth muscle cells by improving miR-150 expression to inhibit the proliferation and migration of ASMC in asthmatic rats. Cell Prolif 2017; 50. [PMID: 28960519 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The mechanism of Schisandrin B on the proliferation and migration of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) in asthmatic rats was explored. METHODS SD rats were divided into three groups: control (group 1), model (group 2) and model + Schisandrin B (group 3). miR-150 and lncRNA BCYRN1 levels were measured by qRT-PCR. The combination of BCYRN1 and miR-150 was detected by RNA pull down. ASMCs' viability/proliferation/migration were examined by WST-1 assay and 24-well Transwell system. RESULTS Schisandrin B up-regulated miR-150 expression and down-regulated BCYRN1 expression in sensitized rats. Schisandrin B reversed the expression of miR-150 and BCYRN1 in MV-treated ASMCs. In addition, Schisandrin B inhibited the viability, proliferation and migration of MV-induced ASMCs. We also found miR-150 inhibited BCYRN1 expression which was proved by experiments using ASMCs transfected with miR-150 inhibitor. CONCLUSION Schisandrin B increased miR-150 expression and decreased BCYRN1, and BCYRN1 expression was inhibited by miR-150, which indicated that Schisandrin B could regulate BCYRN1 through miR-150.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue-Yi Tang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ya-Li Guo
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Su Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li-Min Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Cui-Jie Tian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Jun Cheng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Chang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luo-Xian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, People's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Walczyk M, Paradowska-Gorycka A, Olesinska M. Epigenetics: The Future Direction in Systemic Sclerosis. Scand J Immunol 2017; 86:427-435. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Walczyk
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
| | - A. Paradowska-Gorycka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
| | - M. Olesinska
- Department of Connective Tissue Diseases; National Institute of Geriatrics, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation; Warsaw Poland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ide M, Jinnin M, Tomizawa Y, Wang Z, Kajihara I, Fukushima S, Hashizume Y, Asano Y, Ihn H. Transforming growth factor β-inhibitor Repsox downregulates collagen expression of scleroderma dermal fibroblasts and prevents bleomycin-induced mice skin fibrosis. Exp Dermatol 2017; 26:1139-1143. [PMID: 28418584 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Inhibition of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 signalling may be one of the most reliable approaches to treat skin fibrosis of scleroderma. Although there have been many basic researches of TGF-β blockade reagents, few of them were proved to have inhibitory effects on fibrosis both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we randomly chose four commercially available low molecular weight compounds (Repsox, LY2109761, LY364947 and K02288) from TGF-β1 inhibitor library, and compared their antifibrotic effects in vitro and in vivo. We demonstrated that Repsox has the most potent inhibitory effects on TGF-β-induced expression of CTGF and collagen of cultured normal dermal fibroblasts in vitro and their constitutive overexpression of scleroderma fibroblast in vitro. In addition, Repsox could attenuate skin fibrosis by bleomycin in vivo, via the downregulation of CTGF or collagen. Our results may facilitate clinical trial of Repsox against fibrotic diseases in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maho Ide
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Jinnin
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yukiko Tomizawa
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Zhongzhi Wang
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ikko Kajihara
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukushima
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Hashizume
- RIKEN Program for Drug Discovery and Medical Technology Platforms, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Asano
- Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Ihn
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|