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Jiang T, Zhan Y, Ding J, Song Z, Zhang Y, Li J, Su T. Biomimetic Cell Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles for Cancer Theranostics. ChemMedChem 2024:e202400410. [PMID: 39264862 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202400410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles can enhance drugs accumulating at the tumor site and hold tremendous promise for achieving effective tumor treatment. However, due to the complexity of cancer heterogeneity and suppressive tumor microenvironment, the delivery of traditional nanoparticles has poor infiltration and off-target effects, making it difficult to control the drug release rate and causing off-target toxicity. In recent years, cell membrane-coated biomimetic nanoparticles have been developed, which have both the natural characteristics of biomembranes and the physical characteristics of traditional nanoparticles, thus improving the homologous targeting ability of nanoparticles to tumor cells and better biocompatibility. In this paper, we reviewed the application of single cell membrane and hybrid cell membrane-coated biomimetic nanoparticles in the integration for tumor diagnosis and treatment. We talked about the preparation methods of cell membrane-coated nanoparticles, the targeting mechanisms, and the effects of imaging and therapeutic outcomes of different cell membrane-coated biomimetic nanoparticles in detail. Finally, we discussed the existing problems and prospects of cell membrane-coated biomimetic nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yiduo Zhan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jiayao Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zheming Song
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jingchao Li
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ting Su
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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2
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Wang Y, Gao N, Li X, Ling G, Zhang P. Metal organic framework-based variable-size nanoparticles for tumor microenvironment-responsive drug delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:1737-1755. [PMID: 38329709 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-023-01500-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) have been designed for the treatment of tumors increasingly. However, the drawbacks of single-size NPs are still worth noting, as their circulation and metabolism in the blood are negatively correlated with their accumulation at the tumor site. If the size of single-size NPs is too small, it will be quickly cleared in the blood circulation, while, the size is too large, the distribution of NPs in the tumor site will be reduced, and the widespread distribution of NPs throughout the body will cause systemic toxicity. Therefore, a class of variable-size NPs with metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as the main carrier, and size conversion in compliance with the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME), was designed. MOF-based variable-size NPs can simultaneously extend the time of blood circulation and metabolism, then enhance the targeting ability of the tumor site. In this review, MOF NPs are categorized and exemplified from a new perspective of NP size variation; the advantages, mechanisms, and significance of MOF-based variable-size NPs were summarized, and the potential and challenges in delivering anti-tumor drugs and multimodal combination therapy were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Xiaodan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China.
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3
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Hu W, Yang L, Liao H, Sun D, Ouyang XK, Wang N, Yang G. Disulfiram-loaded CuO 2 nanocarriers for enhanced synergistic chemodynamic chemotherapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 674:9-18. [PMID: 38908062 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Disulfiram (DSF) metabolites exhibit antitumor properties when bound to Cu2+. This combination also promotes the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to tumor cell death. In this study, CuO2 served as a carrier for DSF, forming a dual-drug delivery system with Cu2+ and DSF encapsulated in polydopamine (PDA). In the final delivery system, CuO2 (DSF-CuO2@PDA) was hydrolyzed at the tumor site, releasing both Cu2+ and H2O2. Cu2+ reacts with DSF metabolites to form Bis(diethyldithiocarbamate)-Cu (CuET), which triggers a Fenton-like reaction that generates ROS. Chemotherapy and chemodynamic therapy exhibited significant tumor-suppressive capabilities, with an inhibition rate of 61 %. In addition, the DSF-CuO2@PDA complex demonstrated superlative tumor-targeting ability and biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Lianlian Yang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Hongtao Liao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, PR China
| | - Deguan Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Kun Ouyang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Nan Wang
- School of Food and Pharmacy, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Guocai Yang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhoushan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhoushan 316000, PR China.
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4
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Peddinti V, Rout B, Agnihotri TG, Gomte SS, Jain A. Functionalized liposomes: an enticing nanocarrier for management of glioma. J Liposome Res 2024; 34:349-367. [PMID: 37855432 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2023.2270060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is one of the most severe central nervous systems (CNS)-specific tumors, with rapidly growing malignant glial cells accounting for roughly half of all brain tumors and having a poor survival rate ranging from 12 to 15 months. Despite being the most often used technique for glioma therapy, conventional chemotherapy suffers from low permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-brain tumor barrier (BBTB) to anticancer drugs. When it comes to nanocarriers, liposomes are thought of as one of the most promising nanocarrier systems for glioma treatment. However, owing to BBB tight junctions, non-targeted liposomes, which passively accumulate in most cancer cells primarily via the increased permeability and retention effect (EPR), would not be suitable for glioma treatment. The surface modification of liposomes with various active targeting ligands has shown encouraging outcomes in the recent times by allowing various chemotherapy drugs to pass across the BBB and BBTB and enter glioma cells. This review article introduces by briefly outlining the landscape of glioma, its classification, and some of the pathogenic causes. Further, it discusses major barriers for delivering drugs to glioma such as the BBB, BBTB, and tumor microenvironment. It further discusses modified liposomes such as long-acting circulating liposomes, actively targeted liposomes, stimuli responsive liposomes. Finally, it highlighted the limitations of liposomes in the treatment of glioma and the various actively targeted liposomes undergoing clinical trials for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasu Peddinti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Biswajit Rout
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejas Girish Agnihotri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Shyam Sudhakar Gomte
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Aakanchha Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
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Duan M, Zhou D, Ke J, Chen Y, Wu W, Li Y, Ren J, Wang L, Zhang Z, Wang C. Dual targetable drug delivery system based on cell membrane camouflaged liposome for enhanced tumor targeting and improved anti-tumor efficiency. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 238:113892. [PMID: 38581834 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Receptor and ligand binding mediated targeted drug delivery systems (DDS) sometimes fail to target to tumor sites, and cancer cell membrane (CCM) coating can overcome the dilemma of immune clearance and nonspecific binding of DDS in vivo. In order to enhance the targeting ability and improve the anti-tumor effect, a dual targeting DDS was established based on U87MG CCM mediated homologous targeting and cyclic peptide RGD mediated active targeting. The DDS was prepared by coating RGD doped CCM onto doxorubicin (DOX) loaded liposomes. The homologous and active dual targeting ability endowed the DDS (RGD-CCM-LP-DOX) exhibited superior cancer cell affinity, improved tissue distribution and enhanced anti-tumor effects. In vivo pharmacodynamic studies revealed that RGD-CCM-LP-DOX exhibited superior therapeutic effect compared with homologous targeting CCM-LP-DOX and non-targetable LP-DOX injection. H&E staining, Ki 67 staining and TUNEL staining confirmed that RGD-CCM-LP-DOX not only increased anti-tumor efficacy, but also reduced tissue toxicity by changing the distribution in vivo. The experimental results showed that the RGD doped CCM camouflaged liposome DDS is a better choice for chemotherapeutics delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meitao Duan
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China; Research Center for Sustained and Controlled Release Formulations, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China; Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China
| | - Junfang Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiang'an hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361023, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350108, PR China
| | - Jungang Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China; Research Center for Sustained and Controlled Release Formulations, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China.
| | - Chen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China; Research Center for Sustained and Controlled Release Formulations, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, PR China.
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6
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Hristova-Panusheva K, Xenodochidis C, Georgieva M, Krasteva N. Nanoparticle-Mediated Drug Delivery Systems for Precision Targeting in Oncology. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:677. [PMID: 38931344 PMCID: PMC11206252 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology has emerged as a transformative force in oncology, facilitating advancements in site-specific cancer therapy and personalized oncomedicine. The development of nanomedicines explicitly targeted to cancer cells represents a pivotal breakthrough, allowing the development of precise interventions. These cancer-cell-targeted nanomedicines operate within the intricate milieu of the tumour microenvironment, further enhancing their therapeutic efficacy. This comprehensive review provides a contemporary perspective on precision cancer medicine and underscores the critical role of nanotechnology in advancing site-specific cancer therapy and personalized oncomedicine. It explores the categorization of nanoparticle types, distinguishing between organic and inorganic variants, and examines their significance in the targeted delivery of anticancer drugs. Current insights into the strategies for developing actively targeted nanomedicines across various cancer types are also provided, thus addressing relevant challenges associated with drug delivery barriers. Promising future directions in personalized cancer nanomedicine approaches are delivered, emphasising the imperative for continued optimization of nanocarriers in precision cancer medicine. The discussion underscores translational research's need to enhance cancer patients' outcomes by refining nanocarrier technologies in nanotechnology-driven, site-specific cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamelia Hristova-Panusheva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.H.-P.); (C.X.)
| | - Charilaos Xenodochidis
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.H.-P.); (C.X.)
| | - Milena Georgieva
- Institute of Molecular Biology “Acad. R. Tsanev”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Natalia Krasteva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, “Acad. Georgi Bonchev” Str., Bl. 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (K.H.-P.); (C.X.)
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7
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Sarkar Lotfabadi A, Abadi B, Rezaei N. Biomimetic nanotechnology for cancer immunotherapy: State of the art and future perspective. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123923. [PMID: 38403091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cancer continues to be a significant worldwide cause of mortality. This underscores the urgent need for novel strategies to complement and overcome the limitations of conventional therapies, such as imprecise targeting and drug resistance. Cancer Immunotherapy utilizes the body's immune system to target malignant cells, reducing harm to healthy tissue. Nevertheless, the efficacy of immunotherapy exhibits variation across individuals and has the potential to induce autoimmune responses. Biomimetic nanoparticles (bNPs) have transformative potential in cancer immunotherapy, promising improved accurate targeting, immune system activation, and resistance mechanisms, while also reducing the occurrence of systemic autoimmune side effects. This integration offers opportunities for personalized medicine and better therapeutic outcomes. Despite considerable potential, bNPs face barriers like insufficient targeting, restricted biological stability, and interactions within the tumor microenvironment. The resolution of these concerns is crucial in order to expedite the integration of bNPs from the research setting into clinical therapeutic uses. In addition, optimizing manufacturing processes and reducing bNP-related costs are essential for practical implementation. The present research introduces comprehensive classifications of bNPs as well as recent achievements in their application in cancer immunotherapies, emphasizing the need to address barriers for swift clinical integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Sarkar Lotfabadi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Banafshe Abadi
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Brain Cancer Research Core (BCRC), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Sultanaev V, Yakimova L, Nazarova A, Sedov I, Mostovaya O, Mukhametzyanov T, Davletshin D, Takuntseva D, Gilyazova E, Bulatov E, Stoikov I. Pillar[5]arene/albumin biosupramolecular systems for simultaneous native protein preservation and encapsulation of a water-soluble substrate. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:3103-3114. [PMID: 38450640 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02961a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
The growing resistance of pathogens, bacteria, viruses, and fungi to a number of drugs has encouraged researchers to use natural and synthetic biomimetic systems to overcome this challenge. Multicomponent systems are an attractive approach for drug design and multitarget therapy. In this study, we report the assembly of a three-component (pillar[5]arene, bovine serum albumin, and methyl orange) biosupramolecular system as a potential drug delivery system. We estimated the cytotoxic activity and transfection ability of pillar[5]arene derivatives and investigated the effect of the nature of macrocycle functions (L-phenylalanine, glycine, L-alanine) on the native conformation of serum albumin in a three-component system. NMR, UV-vis, fluorescence, CD spectroscopy, DLS, and molecular docking studies were performed in order to confirm the structure and possible pillar[5]arene/bovine serum albumin/methyl orange interactions occurring during the association process. Results indicate that pillar[5]arene with L-phenylalanine fragments retains the native form of BSA to the maximum extent and forms more stable associates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vildan Sultanaev
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Luidmila Yakimova
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Anastasia Nazarova
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Igor Sedov
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Olga Mostovaya
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Timur Mukhametzyanov
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Damir Davletshin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Daria Takuntseva
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
| | - Elvina Gilyazova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emil Bulatov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A.M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute of Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia.
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Yang X, Zhang X, Yang Z, Cheng L, Liu X, Cao S, Yue H, Cao Y, Wang KN, Zhang Y. "Two-Stage Rocket-Propelled" Strategy Boosting Theranostic Efficacy with Mitochondria-Specific Type I-II Photosensitizers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:9816-9825. [PMID: 38381128 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds great potential for tumor therapy. However, achieving the synergistic enhancement of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency and fluorescence emission of photosensitizers (PSs) remains a challenge, resulting in suboptimal image guidance and theranostic efficacy. The hypoxic tumor microenvironment also hinders the efficacy of PDT. Herein, we propose a "two-stage rocket-propelled" photosensitive system for tumor cell ablation. This system utilizes MitoS, a mitochondria-targeted PS, to ablate tumor cells. Importantly, MitoS can react with HClO to generate a more efficient PS, MitoSO, with a significantly improved fluorescence quantum yield. Both MitoS and MitoSO exhibit less O2-dependent type I ROS generation capability, inducing apoptosis and ferroptosis. In vivo PDT results confirm that this mitochondrial-specific type I-II cascade phototherapeutic strategy is a potent intervention for tumor downstaging. This study not only sheds light on the correlation between the PS structure and the ROS generation pathway but also proposes a novel and effective strategy for tumor downstaging intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xucan Yang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Zhang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
| | - Zhaoyi Yang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Lulu Cheng
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
| | - Shixian Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haiyun Yue
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The 960th Hospital of PLA, Jinan, Shandong 250031, China
| | - Kang-Nan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yanrong Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling,, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Nag S, Mitra O, Tripathi G, Adur I, Mohanto S, Nama M, Samanta S, Gowda BHJ, Subramaniyan V, Sundararajan V, Kumarasamy V. Nanomaterials-assisted photothermal therapy for breast cancer: State-of-the-art advances and future perspectives. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 45:103959. [PMID: 38228257 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) remains an enigmatic fatal modality ubiquitously prevalent in different parts of the world. Contemporary medicines face severe challenges in remediating and healing breast cancer. Due to its spatial specificity and nominal invasive therapeutic regime, photothermal therapy (PTT) has attracted much scientific attention down the lane. PTT utilizes a near-infrared (NIR) light source to irradiate the tumor target intravenously or non-invasively, which is converted into heat energy over an optical fibre. Dynamic progress in nanomaterial synthesis was achieved with specialized visual, physicochemical, biological, and pharmacological features to make up for the inadequacies and expand the horizon of PTT. Numerous nanomaterials have substantial NIR absorption and can function as efficient photothermal transducers. It is achievable to limit the wavelength range of an absorbance peak for specific nanomaterials by manipulating their synthesis, enhancing the precision and quality of PTT. Along the same lines, various nanomaterials are conjugated with a wide range of surface-modifying chemicals, including polymers and antibodies, which may modify the persistence of the nanomaterial and diminish toxicity concerns. In this article, we tend to put forth specific insights and fundamental conceptualizations on pre-existing PTT and its advances upon conjugation with different biocompatible nanomaterials working in synergy to combat breast cancer, encompassing several strategies like immunotherapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and radiotherapy coupled with PTT. Additionally, the role or mechanisms of nanoparticles, as well as possible alternatives to PTT, are summarized as a distinctive integral aspect in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagnik Nag
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences (JCSMHS), Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Oishi Mitra
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India; Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Garima Tripathi
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Israrahmed Adur
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sourav Mohanto
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
| | - Muskan Nama
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Souvik Samanta
- Department of Bio-Sciences, School of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B H Jaswanth Gowda
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India; School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, United Kingdom
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences (JCSMHS), Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Vino Sundararajan
- Integrative Multiomics Lab, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Ouyang X, Liu Y, Zheng K, Pang Z, Peng S. Recent advances in zwitterionic nanoscale drug delivery systems to overcome biological barriers. Asian J Pharm Sci 2024; 19:100883. [PMID: 38357524 PMCID: PMC10861844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoscale drug delivery systems (nDDS) have been employed widely in enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of drugs against diseases with reduced side effects. Although several nDDS have been successfully approved for clinical use up to now, biological barriers between the administration site and the target site hinder the wider clinical adoption of nDDS in disease treatment. Polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modification (or PEGylation) has been regarded as the gold standard for stabilising nDDS in complex biological environment. However, the accelerated blood clearance (ABC) of PEGylated nDDS after repeated injections becomes great challenges for their clinical applications. Zwitterionic polymer, a novel family of anti-fouling materials, have evolved as an alternative to PEG due to their super-hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. Zwitterionic nDDS could avoid the generation of ABC phenomenon and exhibit longer blood circulation time than the PEGylated analogues. More impressively, zwitterionic nDDS have recently been shown to overcome multiple biological barriers such as nonspecific organ distribution, pressure gradients, impermeable cell membranes and lysosomal degradation without the need of any complex chemical modifications. The realization of overcoming multiple biological barriers by zwitterionic nDDS may simplify the current overly complex design of nDDS, which could facilitate their better clinical translation. Herein, we summarise the recent progress of zwitterionic nDDS at overcoming various biological barriers and analyse their underlying mechanisms. Finally, prospects and challenges are introduced to guide the rational design of zwitterionic nDDS for disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xumei Ouyang
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Ke Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhiqing Pang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shaojun Peng
- Zhuhai Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, China
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12
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Rad ME, Soylukan C, Kulabhusan PK, Günaydın BN, Yüce M. Material and Design Toolkit for Drug Delivery: State of the Art, Trends, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55201-55231. [PMID: 37994836 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The nanomaterial and related toolkit have promising applications for improving human health and well-being. Nanobased drug delivery systems use nanoscale materials as carriers to deliver therapeutic agents in a targeted and controlled manner, and they have shown potential to address issues associated with conventional drug delivery systems. They offer benefits for treating various illnesses by encapsulating or conjugating biological agents, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immunotherapeutic agents. The potential applications of this technology are vast; however, significant challenges exist to overcome such as safety issues, toxicity, efficacy, and insufficient capacity. This article discusses the latest developments in drug delivery systems, including drug release mechanisms, material toolkits, related design molecules, and parameters. The concluding section examines the limitations and provides insights into future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Esmaeili Rad
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Caner Soylukan
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | | | - Beyza Nur Günaydın
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Meral Yüce
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
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13
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Hasan N, Imran M, Jain D, Jha SK, Nadaf A, Chaudhary A, Rafiya K, Jha LA, Almalki WH, Mohammed Y, Kesharwani P, Ahmad FJ. Advanced targeted drug delivery by bioengineered white blood cell-membrane camouflaged nanoparticulate delivery nanostructures. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117007. [PMID: 37689337 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Targeted drug delivery has emerged as a pivotal approach within precision medicine, aiming to optimize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic side effects. Leukocyte membrane coated nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted a lot of interest as an effective approach for delivering targeted drugs, capitalizing on the natural attributes of leukocytes to achieve site-specific accumulation, and heightened therapeutic outcomes. An overview of the present state of the targeted medication delivery research is given in this review. Notably, Leukocyte membrane-coated NPs offer inherent advantages such as immune evasion, extended circulation half-life, and precise homing to inflamed or diseased tissues through specific interactions with adhesion molecules. leukocyte membrane-coated NPs hold significant promise in advancing targeted drug delivery for precision medicine. As research progresses, they are anticipated to contribute to improved therapeutic outcomes, enabling personalized and effective treatments for a wide range of diseases and conditions. The review covers the method of preparation, characterization, and biological applications of leucocytic membrane coated NPs. Further, patents related factors, gap of translation from laboratory to clinic, and future prospective were discussed in detail. Overall, the review covers extensive literature to establish leucocytic membrane NPs for targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazeer Hasan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Mohammad Imran
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Dhara Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Saurav Kumar Jha
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering (BSBE), Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, 208016, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arif Nadaf
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Arshi Chaudhary
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Km Rafiya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Laxmi Akhileshwar Jha
- H. K. College of Pharmacy, Mumbai University, Pratiksha Nagar, Jogeshwari, West Mumbai, 400102, India
| | - Waleed H Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Frazer Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India; Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India.
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110062, India.
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14
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Abstract
Primary brain cancer or brain cancer is the overgrowth of abnormal or malignant cells in the brain or its nearby tissues that form unwanted masses called brain tumors. People with malignant brain tumors suffer a lot, and the expected life span of the patients after diagnosis is often only around 14 months, even with the most vigorous therapies. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the main barrier in the body that restricts the entry of potential chemotherapeutic agents into the brain. The chances of treatment failure or low therapeutic effects are some significant drawbacks of conventional treatment methods. However, recent advancements in nanotechnology have generated hope in cancer treatment. Nanotechnology has shown a vital role starting from the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. These tiny nanomaterials have great potential to deliver drugs across the BBB. Beyond just drug delivery, nanomaterials can be simulated to generate fluorescence to detect tumors. The current Review discusses in detail the challenges of brain cancer treatment and the application of nanotechnology to overcome those challenges. The success of chemotherapeutic treatment or the surgical removal of tumors requires proper imaging. Nanomaterials can provide imaging and therapeutic benefits for cancer. The application of nanomaterials in the diagnosis and treatment of brain cancer is discussed in detail by reviewing past studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Ale
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
| | - Nidhi Nainwal
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Prem Nagar, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
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15
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Suhail M, Fang CW, Chiu IH, Khan A, Wu YC, Lin IL, Tsai MJ, Wu PC. Synthesis and Evaluation of Alginate-Based Nanogels as Sustained Drug Carriers for Caffeine. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23991-24002. [PMID: 37426260 PMCID: PMC10324385 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to design a polymeric network of nanogels for sustained release of caffeine. Therefore, alginate-based nanogels were fabricated by a free-radical polymerization technique for the sustained delivery of caffeine. Polymer alginate was crosslinked with monomer 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid by crosslinker N',N'-methylene bisacrylamide. The prepared nanogels were subjected to sol-gel fraction, polymer volume fraction, swelling, drug loading, and drug release studies. A high gel fraction was seen with the increasing feed ratio of polymer, monomer, and crosslinker. Greater swelling and drug release were observed at pH 4.6 and 7.4 as compared to pH 1.2 due to the deprotonation and protonation of functional groups of alginate and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid. An increase was observed in swelling, loading, and release of the drug with the incorporation of a high feed ratio of polymer and monomer, while a reduction was seen with the increase in crosslinker feed ratio. Similarly, an HET-CAM test was used to evaluate the safety of the prepared nanogels, which showed that the prepared nanogels have no toxic effect on the chorioallantoic membrane of fertilized chicken eggs. Similarly, different characterizations techniques such as FTIR, DSC, SEM, and particle size analysis were carried out to determine the development, thermal stability, surface morphology, and particle size of the synthesized nanogels, respectively. Thus, we can conclude that the prepared nanogels can be used as a suitable agent for the sustained release of caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Suhail
- School
of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wun Fang
- Division
of Pharmacy, Zuoying Branch of Kaohsiung
Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
| | - I-Hui Chiu
- School
of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Arshad Khan
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The
Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Khawaja Fareed Campus (Railway Road), Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yi-Chun Wu
- School
of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - I-Ling Lin
- Department
of Medicine Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Health
Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department
of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical
University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jun Tsai
- School
of Medicine, College of Medicine, China
Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department
of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department
of Neurology, An-Nan Hospital, China Medical
University, Tainan 709, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Chu Wu
- School
of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department
of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University
Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Drug
Development and Value Creation Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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16
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Wang H, Qiao C, Guan Q, Wei M, Li Z. Nanoparticle-mediated synergistic anticancer effect of ferroptosis and photodynamic therapy: Novel insights and perspectives. Asian J Pharm Sci 2023; 18:100829. [PMID: 37588992 PMCID: PMC10425855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2023.100829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Current antitumor monotherapy has many limitations, highlighting the need for novel synergistic anticancer strategies. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of nonapoptotic cell death that plays a pivotal regulatory role in tumorigenesis and treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) causes irreversible chemical damage to target lesions and is widely used in antitumor therapy. However, PDT's effectiveness is usually hindered by several obstacles, such as hypoxia, excess glutathione (GSH), and tumor resistance. Ferroptosis improves the anticancer efficacy of PDT by increasing oxygen and reactive oxygen species (ROS) or reducing GSH levels, and PDT also enhances ferroptosis induction due to the ROS effect in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Strategies based on nanoparticles (NPs) can subtly exploit the potential synergy of ferroptosis and PDT. This review explores recent advances and current challenges in the landscape of the underlying mechanisms regulating ferroptosis and PDT, as well as nano delivery system-mediated synergistic anticancer activity. These include polymers, biomimetic materials, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), inorganics, and carrier-free NPs. Finally, we highlight future perspectives of this novel emerging paradigm in targeted cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Wang
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Chu Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qiutong Guan
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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17
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Dzobo K, Dandara C. The Extracellular Matrix: Its Composition, Function, Remodeling, and Role in Tumorigenesis. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:146. [PMID: 37092398 PMCID: PMC10123695 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a ubiquitous member of the body and is key to the maintenance of tissue and organ integrity. Initially thought to be a bystander in many cellular processes, the extracellular matrix has been shown to have diverse components that regulate and activate many cellular processes and ultimately influence cell phenotype. Importantly, the ECM's composition, architecture, and stiffness/elasticity influence cellular phenotypes. Under normal conditions and during development, the synthesized ECM constantly undergoes degradation and remodeling processes via the action of matrix proteases that maintain tissue homeostasis. In many pathological conditions including fibrosis and cancer, ECM synthesis, remodeling, and degradation is dysregulated, causing its integrity to be altered. Both physical and chemical cues from the ECM are sensed via receptors including integrins and play key roles in driving cellular proliferation and differentiation and in the progression of various diseases such as cancers. Advances in 'omics' technologies have seen an increase in studies focusing on bidirectional cell-matrix interactions, and here, we highlight the emerging knowledge on the role played by the ECM during normal development and in pathological conditions. This review summarizes current ECM-targeted therapies that can modify ECM tumors to overcome drug resistance and better cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Dzobo
- Medical Research Council, SA Wound Healing Unit, Hair and Skin Research Laboratory, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Collet Dandara
- Division of Human Genetics and Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
- The South African Medical Research Council-UCT Platform for Pharmacogenomics Research and Translation, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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18
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Rafik ST, Vaidya JS, MacRobert AJ, Yaghini E. Organic Nanodelivery Systems as a New Platform in the Management of Breast Cancer: A Comprehensive Review from Preclinical to Clinical Studies. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12072648. [PMID: 37048731 PMCID: PMC10095028 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12072648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer accounts for approximately 25% of cancer cases and 16.5% of cancer deaths in women, and the World Health Organization predicts that the number of new cases will increase by almost 70% over the next two decades, mainly due to an ageing population. Effective diagnostic and treatment strategies are, therefore, urgently required for improving cure rates among patients since current therapeutic modalities have many limitations and side effects. Nanomedicine is evolving as a promising approach for cancer management, including breast cancer, and various types of organic and inorganic nanomaterials have been investigated for their role in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment. Following an overview on breast cancer characteristics and pathogenesis and challenges of the current treatment strategies, the therapeutic potential of biocompatible organic-based nanoparticles such as liposomes and polymeric micelles that have been tested in breast cancer models are reviewed. The efficacies of different drug delivery and targeting strategies are documented, ranging from synthetic to cell-derived nanoformulations together with a summary of the interaction of nanoparticles with externally applied energy such as radiotherapy. The clinical translation of nanoformulations for breast cancer treatment is summarized including those undergoing clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma T. Rafik
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London (UCL), London W1W 7TY, UK
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21516, Egypt
| | - Jayant S. Vaidya
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London (UCL), London W1W 7TY, UK
| | - Alexander J. MacRobert
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London (UCL), London W1W 7TY, UK
| | - Elnaz Yaghini
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University College London (UCL), London W1W 7TY, UK
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19
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Ismail EA, Devnarain N, Govender T, Omolo CA. Stimuli-responsive and biomimetic delivery systems for sepsis and related complications. J Control Release 2022; 352:1048-1070. [PMID: 36372385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis, a consequence of an imbalanced immune response to infection, is currently one of the leading causes of death globally. Despite advances in the discoveries of potential targets and nanotechnology, sepsis still lacks effective drug delivery systems for optimal treatment. Stimuli-responsive and biomimetic nano delivery systems, specifically, are emerging as advanced bio-inspired nanocarriers for enhancing the treatment of sepsis. Herein, we present a critical review of different stimuli-responsive systems, including pH-; enzyme-; ROS- and toxin-responsive nanocarriers, reported in the delivery of therapeutics for sepsis. Biomimetic nanocarriers, utilizing natural pathways in the inflammatory cascade to optimize sepsis therapy, are also reviewed, in addition to smart, multifunctional vehicles. The review highlights the nanomaterials designed for constructing these systems; their physicochemical properties; the mechanisms of drug release; and their potential for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of their cargo. Current challenges are identified and future avenues for research into the optimization of bio-inspired nano delivery systems for sepsis are also proposed. This review confirms the potential of stimuli-responsive and biomimetic nanocarriers for enhanced therapy against sepsis and related complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Ismail
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | - Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Calvin A Omolo
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, United States International University-Africa, Nairobi, Kenya.
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20
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Yu H, Wu M, Chen S, Song M, Yue Y. Biomimetic nanoparticles for tumor immunotherapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:989881. [PMID: 36440446 PMCID: PMC9682960 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.989881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, tumor treatment research still focuses on the cancer cells themselves, but the fact that the immune system plays an important role in inhibiting tumor development cannot be ignored. The activation of the immune system depends on the difference between self and non-self. Unfortunately, cancer is characterized by genetic changes in the host cells that lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and evade immune surveillance. Cancer immunotherapy aims to coordinate a patient's immune system to target, fight, and destroy cancer cells without destroying the normal cells. Nevertheless, antitumor immunity driven by the autoimmune system alone may be inadequate for treatment. The development of drug delivery systems (DDS) based on nanoparticles can not only promote immunotherapy but also improve the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM), which provides promising strategies for cancer treatment. However, conventional nano drug delivery systems (NDDS) are subject to several limitations in clinical transformation, such as immunogenicity and the potential toxicity risks of the carrier materials, premature drug leakage at off-target sites during circulation and drug load content. In order to address these limitations, this paper reviews the trends and progress of biomimetic NDDS and discusses the applications of each biomimetic system in tumor immunotherapy. Furthermore, we review the various combination immunotherapies based on biomimetic NDDS and key considerations for clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanqing Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mingming Song
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulin Yue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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21
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Zhang L, Du W, Li X, Ling G, Zhang P. Dissolving microneedles based on polysaccharide for dermatological diseases therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Farjadian F, Ghasemi S, Akbarian M, Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M, Moghoofei M, Doroudian M. Physically stimulus-responsive nanoparticles for therapy and diagnosis. Front Chem 2022; 10:952675. [PMID: 36186605 PMCID: PMC9515617 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.952675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles offer numerous advantages in various fields of science, particularly in medicine. Over recent years, the use of nanoparticles in disease diagnosis and treatments has increased dramatically by the development of stimuli-responsive nano-systems, which can respond to internal or external stimuli. In the last 10 years, many preclinical studies were performed on physically triggered nano-systems to develop and optimize stable, precise, and selective therapeutic or diagnostic agents. In this regard, the systems must meet the requirements of efficacy, toxicity, pharmacokinetics, and safety before clinical investigation. Several undesired aspects need to be addressed to successfully translate these physical stimuli-responsive nano-systems, as biomaterials, into clinical practice. These have to be commonly taken into account when developing physically triggered systems; thus, also applicable for nano-systems based on nanomaterials. This review focuses on physically triggered nano-systems (PTNSs), with diagnostic or therapeutic and theranostic applications. Several types of physically triggered nano-systems based on polymeric micelles and hydrogels, mesoporous silica, and magnets are reviewed and discussed in various aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fatemeh Farjadian, , Soheila Ghasemi, , Mohammad Doroudian,
| | - Soheila Ghasemi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fatemeh Farjadian, , Soheila Ghasemi, , Mohammad Doroudian,
| | - Mohsen Akbarian
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | | | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Doroudian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Fatemeh Farjadian, , Soheila Ghasemi, , Mohammad Doroudian,
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23
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Shahidi M, Abazari O, Dayati P, Bakhshi A, Zavarreza J, Modarresi MH, Haghiralsadat F, Rahmanian M, Naghib SM, Tofighi D. Multicomponent siRNA/miRNA-loaded modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles targeted bladder cancer for a highly effective combination therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:949704. [PMID: 35992340 PMCID: PMC9388766 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.949704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is one of the concerning urological malignant diseases in the world, which has a clinical need for effective targeted therapy. The development of nanotechnology-based gene delivery to bladder tumor sites is an effective strategy for targeted cancer therapy with low/no toxicity. With this view, in the present work, the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) modified with c(RGDfK)-PLGA-PEG [c(RGDfK)-MSN NPs] were constructed for co-delivery of miR-34a and siPD-L1 within bladder cancer cells and tissues. Our findings showed that miR-34a is downregulated while PD-L1 is up-regulated in cell lines and animal studies. This nano-carrier is biocompatible in the serum environment and effectively protects miR-34a and siPD-L1 against serum degradation. However, we showed that c(RGDfK)-MSN NPs could simultaneously downregulate PD-L1 expression and up-regulate miR-34a in the T24 cells and T24 mice model and enhance anti-tumor effects both in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, these findings presented new suggestions for improving targeted therapeutic strategies with specified molecular objectives for bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryamsadat Shahidi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Omid Abazari
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Parisa Dayati
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Bakhshi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | - Javad Zavarreza
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Fateme Haghiralsadat
- Department of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Rahmanian
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Naghib
- Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran
| | - Davood Tofighi
- Department of Psychology, Epidemiology, and Research Design Support (BERD), Clinical and Translational Science Center, University of NM, Albuquerque, NM, United States
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24
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Li A, Wang S, Zhang Z, Xu N, Ling G, Zhang P. Poly-l-lysine derivative-coated black phosphorus as a nanoplatform for photothermal chemotherapy to enhance anti-tumor efficiency. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5191-5202. [PMID: 35726778 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02456f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe systemic toxicity and side effects are major obstacles to the success of chemotherapy for tumors. Regardless of the choice of chemotherapy drugs, the safety of drug delivery materials is crucial, and therefore, there have been various efforts to improve the therapeutic effect and the biological safety of drug delivery systems (DDSs). In this study, a dual stimulus-response DDS (PLL-SS@DOX-BP) was constructed based on the biomaterials of black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets and poly-l-lysine (PLL) to enhance the treatment of doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) for breast cancer. The PLL derivative was nano-coated on the surface of drug-loaded BP nanosheets, and it prevented premature leakage of the drug and maintained the stability of the DDS. The introduced disulfide bonds and photothermal agent BP enabled the redox and near-infrared responsive drug release of the DDS, and the coated PLL derivative on the nanocarrier decreased premature leakage of the drug before the DDS reached the tumor tissues. The in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the combination of biomaterial (PLL) and photothermal material (BP nanosheets) exhibited excellent biological safety and remarkable drug delivery capacity. Moreover, the pharmacodynamic studies indicated that PLL-SS@DOX-BP is a powerful vehicle for photothermal therapy in combination with chemotherapy. Compared with chemotherapy alone, the developed DDS displayed enhanced anti-tumor efficiency with decreased systemic toxicity, and thus, it has the potential to be a promising anti-tumor treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anning Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Siqi Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, 361023, P. R. China.
| | - Na Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Guixia Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China.
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25
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Research progress of microneedles in the treatment of melanoma. J Control Release 2022; 348:631-647. [PMID: 35718209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is an aggressive malignancy deriving from melanocytes, which is characterized by high tendency of metastases and mortality rate. Current therapies for melanoma, like chemotherapy, immunotherapy and targeted therapy, have the problem of systemic exposure of drugs, which will lead to many side effects and premature degradation of drugs. The resulting low drug accumulation at the lesion limits the therapeutic effect on melanoma and makes the cure rate low. As an emerging drug delivery system, microneedles (MNs) can efficiently deliver drugs through the skin, increase the drug distribution in deeper tumor sites and minimize the leakage of therapeutic drugs into adjacent tissues, thus improving the therapeutic effect. In addition, compared with traditional drug delivery methods, MN-based drug delivery system has the advantages of simplicity, safety and little pain. So MNs can be developed for the treatment of melanoma, which can relieve the pain of patients and improve the survival rate. This review aims to introduce an update on the progress of MNs as an innovative strategy for melanoma, especially when MNs combining with different therapies against melanoma, such as chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and synergic therapy.
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26
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Lv H, Wang Y, Yang X, Ling G, Zhang P. Application of curcumin nanoformulations in Alzheimer's disease: prevention, diagnosis and treatment. Nutr Neurosci 2022:1-16. [PMID: 35694842 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2084550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease. Although many therapeutic strategies have been studied, their clinical applications are immature. Moreover, these methods can only alleviate symptoms rather than cure it, posing a challenge to brain health in older adults worldwide. Curcumin (CUR) is a very promising natural compound for nerve protection and treatment. It can prevent and treat AD, and on the other hand, its fluorescence properties can be used in the diagnosis of AD. However, CUR is characterized by very low water solubility, fluid instability, rapid metabolism, low bioavailability and difficulty in penetrating the biological barriers, which limit its application. Nanocarriers are a potential material to improve the biocompatibility of CUR and its ability to cross biological barriers. Therefore, delivering CUR by nanocarriers is an effective method to achieve better efficacy. Methods: In this review, the preventive, therapeutic and diagnostic effects of CUR nanoformulations on AD, as well as various patents, clinical trials and experimental research progress in this field are discussed. The aim is to provide detailed reference and practical suggestions for future research. Results: CUR has a variety of pharmacological activities in the prevention and treatment of AD, and its nanoformulation can effectively improve solubility, bioavailability and the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Significant benefits have been observed in the current study. Discussion: CUR formulations have a good prospect in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AD, but the safety and principle of its administration need more detailed study in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqian Lv
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotong Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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27
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Nehru S, Misra R, Bhaswant M. Multifaceted Engineered Biomimetic Nanorobots Toward Cancer Management. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:444-459. [PMID: 35118865 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The noteworthy beneficiary to date in nanotechnology is cancer management. Nanorobots are developed as the result of advancements in the nanostructure, robotics, healthcare, and computer systems. These devices at the nanoscale level are beneficial in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of various health conditions notably cancer. Though these structures have distinct potentialities, the usage of inorganic substances in their construction can affect their performance and can cause health issues in the body. To overcome this, naturally inspired substances are incorporated in the fabrication process of nanorobots termed biomimetic nanorobots that can overcome the immunological responses and reduce the side effects with effective functionalization. These biomimetic nanorobots can widen the opportunities in cancer imaging and therapy. Herein, an up-to-date review of biomimetic nanorobots along with their applications in cancer management is provided. Furthermore, the safety issues and future directions of biomimetic nanorobots to achieve clinical translation are also stated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Nehru
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, India
| | - Ranjita Misra
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, India
| | - Maharshi Bhaswant
- Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai-600119, India
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28
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Application of nanogels as drug delivery systems in multicellular spheroid tumor model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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29
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Multifunctional lipidic nanocarriers for effective therapy of glioblastoma: recent advances in stimuli-responsive, receptor and subcellular targeted approaches. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Glioblastoma, or glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), remains a fatal cancer type despite the remarkable progress in understanding the genesis and propagation of the tumor. Current treatment modalities, comprising mainly of surgery followed by adjuvant chemoradiation, are insufficient for improving patients' survival owing to existing hurdles, including the blood–brain barrier (BBB). In contemporary practice, the prospect of long-term survival or cure continues to be a challenge for patients suffering from GBM. This review provides an insight into the drug delivery strategies and the significant efforts made in lipid-based nanoplatform research to circumvent the challenges in optimal drug delivery in GBM.
Area covered
Owing to the unique properties of lipid-based nanoplatforms and advancements in clinical translation, this article describes the application of various stimuli-responsive lipid nanocarriers and tumor subcellular organelle-targeted therapy to give an idea about the strategies that can be applied to enhance site-specific drug delivery for GBM. Furthermore, active targeting of drugs via surface-modified lipid-based nanostructures and recent findings in alternative therapeutic platforms such as gene therapy, immunotherapy, and multimodal therapy have also been overviewed.
Expert opinion
Lipid-based nanoparticles stand out among the other nanocarriers explored for GBM drug delivery, as they support both passive and active drug targeting by crossing/bypassing the BBB at the same time minimizing toxicity and projects better pharmacological parameters. Although these nanocarriers could be a plausible choice for treating GBM, in-depth research is essential to advance neuro-oncology research and enhance outcomes in patients with brain tumors.
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30
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Manisekaran R, García-Contreras R, Rasu Chettiar AD, Serrano-Díaz P, Lopez-Ayuso CA, Arenas-Arrocena MC, Hernández-Padrón G, López-Marín LM, Acosta-Torres LS. 2D Nanosheets-A New Class of Therapeutic Formulations against Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1803. [PMID: 34834218 PMCID: PMC8620729 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers in cancer nanomedicine are exploring a revolutionary multifaceted carrier for treatment and diagnosis, resulting in the proposal of various drug cargos or "magic bullets" in this past decade. Even though different nano-based complexes are registered for clinical trials, very few products enter the final stages each year because of various issues. This prevents the formulations from entering the market and being accessible to patients. In the search for novel materials, the exploitation of 2D nanosheets, including but not limited to the highly acclaimed graphene, has created extensive interest for biomedical applications. A unique set of properties often characterize 2D materials, including semiconductivity, high surface area, and their chemical nature, which allow simple decoration and functionalization procedures, structures with high stability and targeting properties, vectors for controlled and sustained release of drugs, and materials for thermal-based therapies. This review discusses the challenges and opportunities of recently discovered 2D nanosheets for cancer therapeutics, with special attention paid to the most promising design technologies and their potential for clinical translation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravichandran Manisekaran
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Nanoestructuras y Biomateriales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard UNAM No. 2011, Predio El Saucillo y El Potrero, Guanajuato 37689, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (P.S.-D.); (C.A.L.-A.); (M.C.A.-A.)
| | - René García-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Nanoestructuras y Biomateriales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard UNAM No. 2011, Predio El Saucillo y El Potrero, Guanajuato 37689, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (P.S.-D.); (C.A.L.-A.); (M.C.A.-A.)
| | - Aruna-Devi Rasu Chettiar
- Facultad de Química, Materiales-Energía, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Santiago de Querétaro 76010, Mexico;
| | - Paloma Serrano-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Nanoestructuras y Biomateriales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard UNAM No. 2011, Predio El Saucillo y El Potrero, Guanajuato 37689, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (P.S.-D.); (C.A.L.-A.); (M.C.A.-A.)
| | - Christian Andrea Lopez-Ayuso
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Nanoestructuras y Biomateriales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard UNAM No. 2011, Predio El Saucillo y El Potrero, Guanajuato 37689, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (P.S.-D.); (C.A.L.-A.); (M.C.A.-A.)
| | - Ma Concepción Arenas-Arrocena
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Nanoestructuras y Biomateriales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard UNAM No. 2011, Predio El Saucillo y El Potrero, Guanajuato 37689, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (P.S.-D.); (C.A.L.-A.); (M.C.A.-A.)
| | - Genoveva Hernández-Padrón
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla 76230, Mexico; (G.H.-P.); (L.M.L.-M.)
| | - Luz M. López-Marín
- Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Campus Juriquilla, Juriquilla 76230, Mexico; (G.H.-P.); (L.M.L.-M.)
| | - Laura Susana Acosta-Torres
- Laboratorio de Investigación Interdisciplinaria, Área de Nanoestructuras y Biomateriales, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Boulevard UNAM No. 2011, Predio El Saucillo y El Potrero, Guanajuato 37689, Mexico; (R.G.-C.); (P.S.-D.); (C.A.L.-A.); (M.C.A.-A.)
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31
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Wang Y, Luo C, Zhou S, Wang X, Zhang X, Li S, Zhang S, Wang S, Sun B, He Z, Sun J. Investigating the crucial roles of aliphatic tails in disulfide bond-linked docetaxel prodrug nanoassemblies. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:643-652. [PMID: 34849169 PMCID: PMC8609389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Disulfide bond-bridging strategy has been extensively utilized to construct tumor specificity-responsive aliphatic prodrug nanoparticles (PNPs) for precise cancer therapy. Yet, there is no research shedding light on the impacts of the saturation and cis-trans configuration of aliphatic tails on the self-assembly capacity of disulfide bond-linked prodrugs and the in vivo delivery fate of PNPs. Herein, five disulfide bond-linked docetaxel-fatty acid prodrugs are designed and synthesized by using stearic acid, elaidic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid as the aliphatic tails, respectively. Interestingly, the cis-trans configuration of aliphatic tails significantly influences the self-assembly features of prodrugs, and elaidic acid-linked prodrug with a trans double bond show poor self-assembly capacity. Although the aliphatic tails have almost no effect on the redox-sensitive drug release and cytotoxicity, different aliphatic tails significantly influence the chemical stability of prodrugs and the colloidal stability of PNPs, thus affecting the in vivo pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and antitumor efficacy of PNPs. Our findings illustrate how aliphatic tails affect the assembly characteristic of disulfide bond-linked aliphatic prodrugs and the in vivo delivery fate of PNPs, and thus provide theoretical basis for future development of disulfide bond-bridged aliphatic prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuang Zhou
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xuanbo Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shumeng Li
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shenwu Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bingjun Sun
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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32
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Devnarain N, Waddad AY, de la Torre BG, Albericio F, Govender T. Novel Biomimetic Human TLR2-Derived Peptides for Potential Targeting of Lipoteichoic Acid: An In Silico Assessment. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9081063. [PMID: 34440267 PMCID: PMC8391229 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9081063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most significant threats to health and economy around the globe and has been compounded by the emergence of COVID-19, raising important consequences for antimicrobial resistance development. Contrary to conventional targeting approaches, the use of biomimetic application via nanoparticles for enhanced cellular targeting, cell penetration and localized antibiotic delivery has been highlighted as a superior approach to identify novel targeting ligands for combatting antimicrobial resistance. Gram-positive bacterial cell walls contain lipoteichoic acid (LTA), which binds specifically to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on human macrophages. This phenomenon has the potential to be exploited for the design of biomimetic peptides for antibacterial application. In this study, we have derived peptides from sequences present in human TLR2 that bind to LTA with high affinity. In silico approaches including molecular modelling, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and thermodynamics have enabled the identification of these crucial binding amino acids, the design of four novel biomimetic TLR2-derived peptides and their LTA binding potential. The outcomes of this study have revealed that one of these novel peptides binds to LTA more strongly and stably than the other three peptides and has the potential to enhance LTA targeting and bacterial cell penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Devnarain
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
| | - Ayman Y. Waddad
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (A.Y.W.); (T.G.); Tel.: +27-31-260-7367 (A.Y.W.); +27-31-260-7357 (T.G.)
| | - Beatriz G. de la Torre
- KRISP, School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa;
| | - Thirumala Govender
- Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (A.Y.W.); (T.G.); Tel.: +27-31-260-7367 (A.Y.W.); +27-31-260-7357 (T.G.)
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33
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Biomimetic and cell-based nanocarriers - New strategies for brain tumor targeting. J Control Release 2021; 337:482-493. [PMID: 34352316 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades no significant advances were achieved in the treatment of the most frequent and malignant types of brain tumors. The main difficulties in achieving progress are related to the incapacity to deliver drugs in therapeutic amounts into the central nervous system and the associated severe side effects. Indeed, to obtain effective treatments, the drugs should be able to cross the intended biological barriers and not being inactivated before reaching the specific therapeutic target. To overcome these challenges the development of synthetic nanocarriers has been widely explored for brain tumor treatment but unfortunately with no clinical translation until date. The use of cell-derived nanocarriers or biomimetic nanocarriers has been studied in the last few years, considering their innate bio-interfacing properties. The ability to carry therapeutic agents and a higher selectivity towards brain tumors would bring new hope for the development of safe and effective treatments. In this review, we explore the biological barriers that need to be crossed for effective delivery in brain tumors, and the types and properties of cell-based nanocarriers (extracellular vesicles and cell-membrane coated nanocarriers) currently under investigation.
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34
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Awad N, Paul V, AlSawaftah NM, ter Haar G, Allen TM, Pitt WG, Husseini GA. Ultrasound-Responsive Nanocarriers in Cancer Treatment: A Review. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:589-612. [PMID: 33860189 PMCID: PMC8033618 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.0c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The safe and effective delivery of anticancer agents to diseased tissues is one of the significant challenges in cancer therapy. Conventional anticancer agents are generally cytotoxins with poor pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. Nanocarriers are nanosized particles designed for the selectivity of anticancer drugs and gene transport to tumors. They are small enough to extravasate into solid tumors, where they slowly release their therapeutic load by passive leakage or biodegradation. Using smart nanocarriers, the rate of release of the entrapped therapeutic(s) can be increased, and greater exposure of the tumor cells to the therapeutics can be achieved when the nanocarriers are exposed to certain internally (enzymes, pH, and temperature) or externally (light, magnetic field, and ultrasound) applied stimuli that trigger the release of their load in a safe and controlled manner, spatially and temporally. This review gives a comprehensive overview of recent research findings on the different types of stimuli-responsive nanocarriers and their application in cancer treatment with a particular focus on ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid
S. Awad
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, American University
of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Vinod Paul
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, American University
of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nour M. AlSawaftah
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, American University
of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gail ter Haar
- Joint
Department of Physics, The Institute of
Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London SM2 5NG, U.K.
| | - Theresa M. Allen
- Department
of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - William G. Pitt
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Ghaleb A. Husseini
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, American University
of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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35
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Recent progress in cancer immunotherapy approaches based on nanoparticle delivery devices. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-021-00527-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Ibrahim UH, Devnarain N, Govender T. Biomimetic strategies for enhancing synthesis and delivery of antibacterial nanosystems. Int J Pharm 2021; 596:120276. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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37
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Wang X, Liu Y, Xu W, Jia L, Chi D, Yu J, Wang J, He Z, Liu X, Wang Y. Irinotecan and berberine co-delivery liposomes showed improved efficacy and reduced intestinal toxicity compared with Onivyde for pancreatic cancer. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2021; 11:2186-2197. [PMID: 33452654 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-020-00884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Onivyde is the first irinotecan (IRI) nanoliposome that could improve pharmacokinetics and tumor biodistribution of irinotecan. Although FDA approves Onivyde for the treatment of pancreatic cancer patients who are not effective for GEM, the gastrointestinal toxicity caused by Onivyde is still a problem to be solved in clinical application. Berberine (BER), an isoquinolone alkaloid extracted from several different plants, has been reported to exhibit beneficial effect in alleviating intestinal mucositis and generating synergistic anticancer effect in combination with cytotoxic drugs. However, its therapeutic effect is affected by the different pharmacokinetic behavior of two drugs. Therefore, we utilized triethylamine-sucrose octasulfate gradient to construct nanoliposomes for co-delivery of irinotecan and berberine, termed as lipBI. This co-delivery nanoliposomes remained the synergistic ratio in the body and improved tumor distribution of IRI and BER. The lipBI significantly inhibited tumor growth in the BXPC-3 pancreatic cancer model compared with Onivyde (p < 0.05) and reduced the gastrointestinal toxicity in mice caused by IRI. Overall, IRI/BER co-loaded liposomes possessed great potential in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- National Institute for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, 102629, China
| | - Wanjia Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Lirui Jia
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Dongxu Chi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiang Yu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Jiamei Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110016, P. R. China.
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Siafaka PI, Okur NÜ, Karantas ID, Okur ME, Gündoğdu EA. Current update on nanoplatforms as therapeutic and diagnostic tools: A review for the materials used as nanotheranostics and imaging modalities. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:24-46. [PMID: 33613728 PMCID: PMC7878458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decade, the use of nanotheranostics as emerging diagnostic and therapeutic tools for various diseases, especially cancer, is held great attention. Up to date, several approaches have been employed in order to develop smart nanotheranostics, which combine bioactive targeting on specific tissues as well as diagnostic properties. The nanotheranostics can deliver therapeutic agents by concomitantly monitor the therapy response in real-time. Consequently, the possibility of over- or under-dosing is decreased. Various non-invasive imaging techniques have been used to quantitatively monitor the drug delivery processes. Radiolabeling of nanomaterials is widely used as powerful diagnostic approach on nuclear medicine imaging. In fact, various radiolabeled nanomaterials have been designed and developed for imaging tumors and other lesions due to their efficient characteristics. Inorganic nanoparticles as gold, silver, silica based nanomaterials or organic nanoparticles as polymers, carbon based nanomaterials, liposomes have been reported as multifunctional nanotheranostics. In this review, the imaging modalities according to their use in various diseases are summarized, providing special details for radiolabeling. In further, the most current nanotheranostics categorized via the used nanomaterials are also summed up. To conclude, this review can be beneficial for medical and pharmaceutical society as well as material scientists who work in the field of nanotheranostics since they can use this research as guide for producing newer and more efficient nanotheranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panoraia I. Siafaka
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Neslihan Üstündağ Okur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ioannis D. Karantas
- 2nd Clinic of Internal Medicine, Hippokration General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mehmet Evren Okur
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Zhang Z, Li A, Min X, Zhang Q, Yang J, Chen G, Zou M, Sun W, Cheng G. An ROS-sensitive tegafur-PpIX-heterodimer-loaded in situ injectable thermosensitive hydrogel for photodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapy to enhance the tegafur-based treatment of breast cancer. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:221-237. [DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01519a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A temperature-sensitive hydrogel encapsulating tegafur and protoporphyrin IX dimers could be delivered intratumorally for synergetic chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Anning Li
- Wuya College of Innovation
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang
- PR China
| | - Xingqi Min
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Qunqun Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Meijuan Zou
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Wei Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering
- School of Medical Devices
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Pharmaceutics
- School of Pharmacy
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
- Shenyang 110016
- PR China
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Shah S, Rangaraj N, Laxmikeshav K, Sampathi S. “Nanogels as drug carriers – Introduction, chemical aspects, release mechanisms and potential applications”. Int J Pharm 2020; 581:119268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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