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Zhang P, Xu Q, Zhu R. Vitamin D and allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1420883. [PMID: 39026686 PMCID: PMC11254667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1420883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the relationship between vitamin D and allergic diseases has received widespread attention. As a fat-soluble vitamin, vitamin D plays a crucial role in regulating the immune system and may influence the onset and progression of diseases such as atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and asthma. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we have summarized the current research on the association between vitamin D and allergic diseases. We also discuss the impact of vitamin D on the immune system and its role in the course of allergic diseases, particularly focusing on how vitamin D supplementation affects the treatment outcomes of these conditions. We aim to provide a theoretical basis and practical guidance for optimizing the management and treatment of allergic diseases by modulating vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panyu Zhang
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingxiu Xu
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Rongfei Zhu
- Department of Allergy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Miranda VC, Souza RO, Quintanilha MF, Gallotti B, Assis HC, Faria AMC, Nicoli JR, Cara DC, Martins FS. A Next-Generation Bacteria (Akkermansia muciniphila BAA-835) Presents Probiotic Potential Against Ovalbumin-Induced Food Allergy in Mice. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:737-751. [PMID: 37097372 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10076-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation microorganisms have recently gained prominence in the scientific community, mainly due to their probiotic and postbiotic potentials. However, there are few studies that investigate these potentials in food allergy models. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the probiotic potential of Akkermansia muciniphila BAA-835 in an ovalbumin food allergy (OVA) model and also analyse possible postbiotic potential. To access the probiotic potential, clinical, immunological, microbiological, and histological parameters were evaluated. In addition, the postbiotic potential was also evaluated by immunological parameters. Treatment with viable A. muciniphila was able to mitigate weight loss and serum levels of IgE and IgG1 anti-OVA in allergic mice. In addition, the ability of the bacteria to reduce the injury of the proximal jejunum, the eosinophil and neutrophil influx, and the levels of eotaxin-1, CXCL1/KC, IL4, IL6, IL9, IL13, IL17, and TNF, was clear. Furthermore, A. muciniphila was able to attenuate dysbiotic signs of food allergy by mitigating Staphylococcus levels and yeast frequency in the gut microbiota. In addition, the administration of the inactivated bacteria attenuated the levels of IgE anti-OVA and eosinophils, indicating its postbiotic effect. Our data demonstrate for the first time that the oral administration of viable and inactivated A. muciniphila BAA-835 promotes a systemic immunomodulatory protective effect in an in vivo model of food allergy to ovalbumin, which suggests its probiotic and postbiotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian C Miranda
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Ramon O Souza
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Mônica F Quintanilha
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gallotti
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Hélder C Assis
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria C Faria
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Jacques R Nicoli
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, 30270-901, Brazil
| | - Denise C Cara
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Flaviano S Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, Belo Horizonte, MG, 6627, 30270-901, Brazil.
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Baghlaf MA, Eid NM, Enani S, Kokandi S, Alhussaini B, Waked MS. Prevalence and Risk Factors for IgE and IgG Cow's Milk Protein Allergies in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e50812. [PMID: 38125695 PMCID: PMC10730981 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cow's milk protein allergies (CMPAs) particularly occur in infancy and early childhood due to an immunological allergic reaction to milk proteins. This issue is increasing in Saudi Arabia and requires research to improve health status and provide alternatives. Our study aims to investigate the important aspects of immunoglobulin E (IgE) and IgG CMPA in Saudi Arabia regarding its prevalence and association with demographic and health-related factors in both adult and pediatric populations. A descriptive retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 376 patients, comprising 314 adults aged between 19 and 86 years, and 62 pediatric patients aged between one and 12 years. The study focused on individuals who attended a private medical center in Jeddah city over the past five years. Laboratory results for food allergy of IgE and IgG tests, including cow's milk proteins (CMPs), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), specific IgE inhalant allergy results, and other health-related factors were collected from an electronic record system. Results have shown that casein was the most common sensitizing allergen of CMPs in adults, whereas α-lactalbumin was the most common sensitizing allergen in pediatrics. The most frequent sensitizing allergen in IgG CMP was cow's milk in 54/92 (58.7%) adults, followed by cow's sour milk products 41 (44.6%). Cow's milk was the most common sensitizing allergen in 20/20 (100%) children. The rate of CMPA was significantly higher in children younger than five years old (P =0.003), while children who interacted with pets had a marginal significantly reduced rate (P = 0.054). Thus, cow's milk is the most sensitizing allergen in IgG CMPs in adults and pediatrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mashail A Baghlaf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Noura M Eid
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
- King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Sumia Enani
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
- Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle Unit, King Fahd Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Samia Kokandi
- Department of Nutrition, International Medical Center, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Bakr Alhussaini
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
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Zhou MY, Li X, Yang J, Xiong LJ, He XQ, He XQ, Xie XL. Serum vitamin D status in a cohort of infants with food protein‑induced gastrointestinal disease. Biomed Rep 2023; 19:71. [PMID: 37719677 PMCID: PMC10502572 DOI: 10.3892/br.2023.1653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increases in the prevalence of food allergy and vitamin D deficiency have been observed in recent years. The association between vitamin D levels and food allergy remains to be fully elucidated, and research focused on the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency in infants with food protein-induced gastrointestinal disease in Chengdu, Sichuan is lacking. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)D] insufficiency and sufficiency in infants with food protein-induced gastrointestinal disease. The present study also aimed to identify the potential predisposing factors of 25-(OH)D insufficiency. The present retrospective study analyzed data obtained from Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital spanning between June 2021 and February 2022. Children with a confirmed diagnosis of food protein-induced gastrointestinal disease were enrolled in the present study. Blood indicators, including serum 25-(OH)D, serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE against allergens, and hemoglobin were measured during the course of the disease. Clinical characteristics of patients and blood examination results were obtained from the hospital electronic database. A total of 361 patients were included in the study group and 45 healthy individuals were included in the control group. The results of the present study demonstrated that serum 25-(OH)D levels of infants with protein-induced gastrointestinal disease were significantly lower compared with the control group. Notably, female participants with higher serum total IgE levels exhibited insufficient serum 25-(OH)D levels. However, the results of the logistic regression analysis revealed no predisposing factors associated with serum 25-(OH)D insufficiency. In conclusion, infants with food protein-induced gastrointestinal disease may exhibit a higher risk of low serum 25-(OH)D levels and this risk may be greater in females with higher total IgE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yao Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Infection and Gastroenterology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Pediatric, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Pediatric Infection and Gastroenterology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jing Xiong
- Department of Pediatric Healthcare, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing He
- Department of Pediatric Infection and Gastroenterology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Qing He
- Department of Pediatric Infection and Gastroenterology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Pediatric Infection and Gastroenterology, Chengdu Women and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, P.R. China
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Brusilovsky M, Rochman M, Shoda T, Kotliar M, Caldwell JM, Mack LE, Besse JA, Chen X, Weirauch MT, Barski A, Rothenberg ME. Vitamin D receptor and STAT6 interactome governs oesophageal epithelial barrier responses to IL-13 signalling. Gut 2023; 72:834-845. [PMID: 35918104 PMCID: PMC9892355 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The contribution of vitamin D (VD) deficiency to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases remains elusive. We aimed to define the impact of VD on oesophageal allergic inflammation. DESIGN We assessed the genomic distribution and function of VD receptor (VDR) and STAT6 using histology, molecular imaging, motif discovery and metagenomic analysis. We examined the role of VD supplementation in oesophageal epithelial cells, in a preclinical model of IL-13-induced oesophageal allergic inflammation and in human subjects with eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE). RESULTS VDR response elements were enriched in oesophageal epithelium, suggesting enhanced VDR binding to functional gene enhancer and promoter regions. Metagenomic analysis showed that VD supplementation reversed dysregulation of up to 70% of the transcriptome and epigenetic modifications (H3K27Ac) induced by IL-13 in VD-deficient cells, including genes encoding the transcription factors HIF1A and SMAD3, endopeptidases (SERPINB3) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition mediators (TGFBR1, TIAM1, SRC, ROBO1, CDH1). Molecular imaging and chromatin immunoprecipitation showed VDR and STAT6 colocalisation within the regulatory regions of the affected genes, suggesting that VDR and STAT6 interactome governs epithelial tissue responses to IL-13 signalling. Indeed, VD supplementation reversed IL-13-induced epithelial hyperproliferation, reduced dilated intercellular spaces and barrier permeability, and improved differentiation marker expression (filaggrin, involucrin). In a preclinical model of IL-13-mediated oesophageal allergic inflammation and in human EoE, VD levels inversely associated with severity of oesophageal eosinophilia and epithelial histopathology. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, these findings identify VD as a natural IL-13 antagonist with capacity to regulate the oesophageal epithelial barrier functions, providing a novel therapeutic entry point for type 2 immunity-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Brusilovsky
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark Rochman
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Tetsuo Shoda
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael Kotliar
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Julie M Caldwell
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Lydia E Mack
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - John A Besse
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Artem Barski
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Marc E Rothenberg
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Cytokine production by newborns: influence of sex and season of birth. Pediatr Res 2023; 93:526-534. [PMID: 35945266 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-022-02153-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune signatures at birth could be associated with clinical outcomes and will improve our understanding of immunity prenatal programming. METHODS Data come from 235 newborns from the cohort study NELA. Production of cytokines was determined using Luminex technology. Associations between cytokine concentrations with sex and season of birth were examined by multivariate regression models. RESULTS Umbilical cord blood cells produced high levels of inflammatory cytokines, moderate levels of Th1/Th2/Tr-related cytokines, and low levels of Th17 cytokines. Compared to females, male newborn cells secreted higher levels of Th2 (peptidoglycan-stimulated IL-13, odds ratio [OR] = 2.26; 95% CI 1.18, 4.31, p value = 0.013) and Th17 (polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-stimulated IL-23, OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.01, 3.27, p value = 0.046) and lower levels of Th1 (olive-stimulated IL-2, OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.31, 0.99, p value = 0.047) cytokines. Also, children born during warm seasons showed decreased innate cytokine response to peptidoglycan (IL-6, OR = 0.28, 95% CI 0.15, 0.52, p value < 0.001) compared to those born in cold seasons; meanwhile, adaptive immunity cytokines were more frequently secreted by children born during warm seasons in response to allergen extracts (IL-10, OR = 2.11, 95% CI 1.12, 3.96, p value = 0.020; IL-17F, OR = 3.31, 95% CI 1.83, 5.99, p value < 0.001). CONCLUSION Newborns showed specific cytokines signatures influenced by sex and season of birth. IMPACT There is a limited number of population-based studies on the immune status at birth and the influence of prenatal and perinatal factors on it. Characterization of cytokine signatures at birth related to the prenatal environment could improve our understanding of immunity prenatal programming. Newborns exhibit specific unstimulated and stimulated cytokine signatures influenced by sex and season of birth. Unstimulated and stimulated cytokine signatures in newborns may be associated with the development of related clinical outcomes later in life.
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Kojima R, Shinohara R, Kushima M, Horiuchi S, Otawa S, Miyake K, Yokomichi H, Akiyama Y, Ooka T, Yamagata Z. Effect of birth season on allergic rhinitis and cedar pollinosis considering allergen and vitamin D exposure: The Japan Environment and Children's study (JECS). Allergol Int 2023:S1323-8930(23)00003-5. [PMID: 36725444 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between the season of birth, allergen sensitization, and allergic rhinitis have been inconsistent, and there are no studies that simultaneously consider vitamin D and allergen exposure. This study aimed to determine the associations between the season of birth, house dust mite (HDM) and Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) sensitization, and allergic rhinitis and pollinosis, while taking vitamin D levels and allergen exposure into account. METHODS This study included 4323 participants in the Sub-Cohort Study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study. A logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the season of birth and sensitization to JCP or HDM (judged by specific immunoglobulin E) at age 2 and allergic rhinitis or pollinosis at age 3, adjusted for HDM or JCP exposure and vitamin D levels with potential confounders. RESULTS Participants born in spring or summer were more likely to have pollinosis than were those born in winter (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-3.82 for spring; aOR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.03-3.47 for summer). Participants born in summer were more likely to have HDM sensitization than were those born in winter (Der p 1, aOR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.10-2.15; Der f 1, aOR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.03-2.01). Exposure to JCP and HDM were associated with pollinosis and HDM sensitization, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Spring and summer births were associated with the development of pollinosis, and summer birth was associated with HDM sensitization, even when vitamin D and allergen exposure were considered. Further studies on mechanisms other than vitamin D and allergen exposure are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reiji Kojima
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
| | - Ryoji Shinohara
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Megumi Kushima
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sayaka Horiuchi
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Sanae Otawa
- Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Kunio Miyake
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yokomichi
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yuka Akiyama
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tadao Ooka
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Zentaro Yamagata
- Department of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan; Center for Birth Cohort Studies, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
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Abstract
Background: In recent years, an increase of allergies and asthma has been observed throughout the world, more so in Western countries than in less developed ones. Although genetics may play a role in this increase, there are many other factors that may have contributed to the upsurge. Objective: The purpose of the present report was to review the many factors associated with modernization and lifestyle that may have contributed to the allergy and/or asthma epidemic, with a particular focus on those aspects that have particular relevance for the allergist/immunologist. Results: The marked rise in allergy and asthma has been significantly seen in more-developed countries, greater in urban than in rural areas, more pronounced in affluent than in poorer societies, and in individuals who have migrated from developing countries to industrialized countries. A widely accepted explanation for this rise is the "hygiene hypothesis," which postulates a critical dependence on microbial infection for maintenance of a healthy balanced immune system and that extremely clean external environments, often found in the developed world, can derail equilibrated immune development. With the control of infectious diseases, the immune system shifts from a balanced equilibrated immunologic structure to a more Th2 driven proinflammatory state often associated with IgE and eosinophil-related disorders. Conclusion: Modernization has been associated with increased development of allergies and asthma through a cleaner environment and more exposure to allergens and to multiple other contributory factors. The marked reduction in infectious diseases in recent decades permitted the immune system to switch from fighting infectious disease agents and parasites to reacting adversely (hypersensitivity) to benign environmental agents (allergens) and even to self-antigens (autoimmunity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami L Bahna
- From the Allergy and Immunology Section, Department of Pediatrics, and
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Sakihara T, Otsuji K, Arakaki Y, Hamada K, Matsui T, Sugiura S, Ito K. Effects of regular soy formula intake between 1 and 2 months of age on food sensitization in infancy. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2022; 33:e13898. [PMID: 36564877 DOI: 10.1111/pai.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of regular soy formula (SF) intake on the development of food sensitization in infancy remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of regular SF intake between 1 and 2 months of age on food sensitization development by 6 months of age. METHODS Using data from a randomized controlled trial of a birth cohort from four Japanese hospitals that assessed cow's milk allergy development, we performed a retrospective cohort study of 235 infants who avoided cow's milk formula and supplemented breastfeeding with SF as required between 1 and 2 months of age. Regular SF intake was defined as SF consumption of ≥14 days per month and ≥1350 ml per month. Food sensitization was defined as positive skin prick test reactions to hen's egg, cow's milk, wheat, and/or soy. Using multivariable logistic regression models that adjusted for parental, perinatal, and environmental factors, we calculated the adjusted odds ratios of regular SF intake for food, hen's egg, and cow's milk sensitization by 6 months of age. RESULTS From the 235 participants, 114 (48.5%) had regular SF intake. The adjusted odds ratios of regular SF intake for food, hen's egg, and cow's milk sensitization were 0.32 (95% confidence interval: 0.16-0.62, p = .0007), 0.42 (0.20-0.88, p = .02), and 0.33 (0.14-0.81, p = .02), respectively. CONCLUSION Regular SF intake between 1 and 2 months of age in infants avoiding cow's milk formula was significantly associated with a reduced risk of food sensitization in infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kenta Otsuji
- Department of Pediatrics, Okinawa Kyodo Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Arakaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Naha City Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Hamada
- Department of Child Health and Welfare (Pediatrics), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Teruaki Matsui
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Shiro Sugiura
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
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Dietary Emulsifiers Exacerbate Food Allergy and Colonic Type 2 Immune Response through Microbiota Modulation. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234983. [PMID: 36501013 PMCID: PMC9738911 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The significant increase in food allergy incidence is correlated with dietary changes in modernized countries. Here, we investigated the impact of dietary emulsifiers on food allergy by employing an experimental murine model. Mice were exposed to drinking water containing 1.0% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or Polysorbate-80 (P80) for 12 weeks, a treatment that was previously demonstrated to induce significant alterations in microbiota composition and function leading to chronic intestinal inflammation and metabolic abnormalities. Subsequently, the ovalbumin food allergy model was applied and characterized. As a result, we observed that dietary emulsifiers, especially P80, significantly exacerbated food allergy symptoms, with increased OVA-specific IgE induction and accelerated type 2 cytokine expressions, such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, in the colon. Administration of an antibiotic regimen completely reversed the emulsifier-induced exacerbated susceptibility to food allergy, suggesting a critical role played by the intestinal microbiota in food allergy and type 2 immune responses.
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Mărginean CO, Meliț LE, Borka Balas R, Văsieșiu AM, Fleșeriu T. The Crosstalk between Vitamin D and Pediatric Digestive Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102328. [PMID: 36292016 PMCID: PMC9600444 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a cyclopentane polyhydrophenanthrene compound involved mainly in bone health and calcium metabolism but also autophagy, modulation of the gut microbiota, cell proliferation, immune functions and intestinal barrier integrity. The sources of vitamin D include sunlight, diet and vitamin D supplements. Vitamin D3, the most effective vitamin D isoform is produced in the human epidermis as a result of sunlight exposure. Vitamin D undergoes two hydroxylation reactions in the liver and kidney to reach its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Recent studies highlighted a complex spectrum of roles regarding the wellbeing of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on its antimicrobial effect, it was recently indicated that vitamin D supplementation in addition to standard eradication therapy might enhance H. pylori eradication rates. Moreover, it was suggested that low levels of vitamin D might also be involved in the acquisition of H. pylori infection. In terms of celiac disease, the negative effects of vitamin D deficiency might begin even during intrauterine life in the setting of maternal deficiency. Moreover, vitamin D is strongly related to the integrity of the gut barrier, which represents the core of the pathophysiology of celiac disease onset, in addition to being correlated with the histological findings of disease severity. The relationship between vitamin D and cystic fibrosis is supported by the involvement of this micronutrient in preserving lung function by clearing airway inflammation and preventing pathogen airway colonization. Moreover, this micronutrient might exert anticatabolic effects in CF patients. Inflammatory bowel disease patients also experience major benefits if they have a sufficient level of circulating vitamin D, proving its involvement in both induction and remission in these patients. The findings regarding the relationship between vitamin D, food allergies, diarrhea and constipation remain controversial, but vitamin D levels should be monitored in these patients in order to avoid hypo- and hypervitaminosis. Further studies are required to fill the remaining gaps in term of the complex impact of vitamin D on gastrointestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Lorena Elena Meliț
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Reka Borka Balas
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Anca Meda Văsieșiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Tudor Fleșeriu
- Department of Infectious Disease, County Clinical Hospital Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Doja Street No 89, 540394 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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12
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王 丹, 吴 雪, 阎 诗, 周 甜, 黄 亚, 李 洁, 罗 晓. Risk factors for food sensitization in children with atopic dermatitis: a single-center cross-sectional study. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2022; 24:887-893. [PMID: 36036127 PMCID: PMC9425859 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2202098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the risk factors for food sensitization and the influence of food sensitization on quality of life and clinical signs in children with atopic dermatitis (AD). METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on the medical data of 241 children with AD, including demographic features, age of onset, severity of AD, quality of life, physical examination results, skin prick test (SPT) results, serum total IgE levels, and eosinophil count. According to the results of SPT, the children were divided into a food sensitization group (n=127) and a non-food sensitization group (n=114). The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for food sensitization in children with AD. RESULTS The prevalence rate of food sensitization was 52.7% (127/241) in the children with AD. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that birth in autumn or winter, age of onset of AD<12 months, severe AD, and total IgE>150 IU/mL were risk factors for food sensitization (P<0.05). Compared with the non-food sensitization group, the food sensitization group had a significantly poorer quality of life (P=0.008) and significantly higher prevalence rates of non-specific hand/foot dermatitis and palmar hyperlinearity (P<0.05). Compared with the single food sensitization group, the multiple food sensitization group had more severe AD and a significantly higher proportion of children with exclusive breastfeeding or total IgE>150 IU/mL (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The AD children born in autumn or winter, or those with early onset (<12 months), severe AD or total IgE>150 IU/mL have a higher risk of food sensitization. The AD children with food sensitization have a poorer quality of life and are more likely to develop non-specific hand/foot dermatitis and palmar hyperlinearity.
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13
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Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation: Epigenetic Effects on Infants’ Immune System in Food Allergy. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091766. [PMID: 35565735 PMCID: PMC9103859 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergies are an increasing health problem worldwide. They are multifactorial diseases, in which the genome alone does not explain the development of the disease, but a genetic predisposition and various environmental factors contribute to their onset. Environmental factors, in particular nutritional factors, in the early stages of life are recognized as key elements in the etiology of food allergies. There is growing evidence advising that nutrition can affect the risk of developing food allergies through epigenetic mechanisms elicited by the nutritional factors themselves or by modulating the gut microbiota and its functional products. Gut microbiota and postbiotics can in turn influence the risk of food allergy development through epigenetic mechanisms. Epigenetic programming accounts not only for the short-term effects on the individual’s health status, but also for those observed in adulthood. The first thousand days of life represent an important window of susceptibility in which environmental factors, including nutritional ones, can influence the risk of developing allergies through epigenetic mechanisms. From this point of view, it represents an interesting window of opportunity and intervention. This review reports the main nutritional factors that in the early stages of life can influence immune oral tolerance through the modulation of epigenetic mechanisms.
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14
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Sakihara T, Yasuki D, Otsuji K, Arakaki Y, Hamada K, Sugiura S, Ito K. Effects of delivery mode and labor duration on the development of food sensitization in infancy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2022; 129:212-219.e2. [PMID: 35460868 DOI: 10.1016/j.anai.2022.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of delivery mode and labor duration on the development of food sensitization (FS) in infancy remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the potential effects of delivery mode and labor duration on FS development by 6 months of age. METHODS Using data from a randomized controlled trial of a birth cohort from 4 Japanese hospitals that assessed cow's milk allergy development by 6 months of age, we performed a nested case-control trial of 462 participants who had undergone the final assessment at 6 months of age. FS was defined as positive skin prick test reactions to hen's egg, cow's milk, wheat, or soy. For the primary outcome, we calculated the adjusted odds ratio of vaginal delivery (VD) relative to cesarean delivery for FS development by 6 months of age using a multivariable logistic regression analysis. For the secondary outcome, we compared labor durations between participants with and without FS using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS The adjusted odds ratio of VD for FS development was 2.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.32-4.87; P = .005). The median labor duration was significantly longer in participants with FS (5.7 hours, interquartile range, 2.7-10.1) than in participants without FS (4.5 hours, 1.1-8.2) (P = .01). CONCLUSION VD was considerably associated with an increased risk of FS in infancy, and longer labor durations may promote FS development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daichi Yasuki
- Department of Pediatrics, Heartlife Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kenta Otsuji
- Department of Pediatrics, Okinawa Kyodo Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Yohei Arakaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Naha City Hospital, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Hamada
- Department of Child Health and Welfare (Pediatrics), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shiro Sugiura
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Department of Allergy, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
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15
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Idrose NS, Vicendese D, Peters RL, Koplin JJ, Douglass JA, Walters EH, Perret JL, Lowe AJ, Tang MLK, Newbigin EJ, Erbas B, Lodge CJ, Dharmage SC. Children With Food Allergy Are at Risk of Lower Lung Function on High-Pollen Days. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:2144-2153.e10. [PMID: 35398553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grass pollen exposure is a risk factor for childhood asthma hospital attendances. However, its short-term influence on lung function, especially among those with other allergic conditions, has been less well-studied. OBJECTIVE To investigate this association in a population-based sample of children. METHODS Within the HealthNuts cohort, 641 children performed spirometry during the grass pollen season. Grass pollen concentration was considered on the day of testing (lag 0), up to 3 days before (lag 1-lag 3), and cumulatively (lag 0-3). We used linear regression to assess the relevant associations and examined potential interactions with current asthma, hay fever or eczema, and food allergy. RESULTS Associations were observed only in children with allergic disease (P value for interaction ≤ 0.1). In children with food allergy, grass pollen concentration was associated with a lower ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) and lower mid-forced expiratory flows (FEF25%-75%) at all lags (eg, at lag 2, FEV1/FVC z-score = -0.50 [95% CI -0.80 to -0.20] and FEF25%--75% z-score = -0.40 [-0.60 to -0.04] per 20 grains/m3 pollen increase), and increased bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR) at lag 2 and lag 3 (eg, at lag 2, BDR = (31 [95% CI -0.005 to 62] mL). In children with current asthma, increasing grass pollen concentration was associated with lower FEF25%-75% and increased BDR, whereas children with current hay fever or eczema had increased BDR only. CONCLUSIONS A proactive approach needs to be enforced to manage susceptible children, especially those with food allergy, before high-grass pollen days.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Sabrina Idrose
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Don Vicendese
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel L Peters
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jennifer J Koplin
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jo A Douglass
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - E Haydn Walters
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrian J Lowe
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mimi L K Tang
- Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Allergy and Immunology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ed J Newbigin
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Bircan Erbas
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Food and Allergy Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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16
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Wang NR, Liu SJ, Xiao GY, Zhang H, Huang YJ, Wang L, He CY. Cord blood 25(OH)D3, cord blood total immunoglobulin E levels, and food allergies in infancy: A birth cohort study in Chongqing, China. World Allergy Organ J 2022; 15:100645. [PMID: 35432712 PMCID: PMC8980958 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2022.100645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Nian-Rong Wang
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
| | - Shi-Jian Liu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Children Health Advocacy Institute, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 1678 Dongfang Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, 200127, PR China
| | - Gui-Yuan Xiao
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Huang
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
| | - Chun-Yan He
- Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Yubei District, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
- Corresponding author. Department of Children Healthcare, Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, 120 Longshan Road, Chongqing, 400021, PR China
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17
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Tedner SG, Asarnoj A, Thulin H, Westman M, Konradsen JR, Nilsson C. Food allergy and hypersensitivity reactions in children and adults-A review. J Intern Med 2022; 291:283-302. [PMID: 34875122 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Adverse reactions after food intake are commonly reported and a cause of concern and anxiety that can lead to a very strict diet. The severity of the reaction can vary depending on the type of food and mechanism, and it is not always easy to disentangle different hypersensitivity diagnoses, which sometimes can exist simultaneously. After a carefully taken medical history, hypersensitivity to food can often be ruled out or suspected. The most common type of allergic reaction is immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated food allergy (prevalence 5-10%). Symptoms vary from mild itching, stomach pain, and rash to severe anaphylaxis. The definition of IgE-mediated food allergy is allergic symptoms combined with specific IgE-antibodies, and therefore only IgE-antibodies to suspected allergens should be analyzed. Nowadays, methods of molecular allergology can help with the diagnostic process. The most common allergens are milk and egg in infants, peanut and tree nuts in children, and fish and shellfish in adults. In young children, milk/egg allergy has a good chance to remit, making it important to follow up and reintroduce the food when possible. Other diseases triggered by food are non-IgE-mediated food allergy, for example, eosinophilic esophagitis, celiac disease, food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome, and hypersensitivity to milk and biogenic amines. Some of the food hypersensitivities dominate in childhood, others are more common in adults. Interesting studies are ongoing regarding the possibilities of treating food hypersensitivity, such as through oral immunotherapy. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the most common types of food hypersensitivity reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra G Tedner
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Asarnoj
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Thulin
- Allergy and Lung Department, Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marit Westman
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Asthma and Allergy Clinic S:t Göran, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jon R Konradsen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Pediatric Allergy and Pulmonology Unit at Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Nilsson
- Allergy and Lung Department, Sachs' Children and Youth Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Science and Education Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Hornef M, Pabst O, Annesi-Maesano I, Fleddermann M, von Mutius E, Schaubeck M, Fiocchi A. Allergic diseases in infancy II-oral tolerance and its failure. World Allergy Organ J 2021; 14:100586. [PMID: 34868451 PMCID: PMC8609161 DOI: 10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The early window of opportunity describes the timeframe after birth in which essential interactions of the immune system and the newly developing microbiota take place. The infant's immune system has to be reactive to invading pathogens and at the same time tolerant to dietary antigens. If the mechanisms of defense and tolerance induction are disturbed, the risk of infections or allergies is increased. Method This is a narrative review of the recently published information on the topic of neonatal intestinal development and mechanisms of oral tolerance and summarizes the discussions and conclusions from the 8th Human Milk Workshop. Results The early postnatal period sets the stage for life-long host-microbiome interaction. In this early phase, specific developmental mechanisms ensure physiologic interaction with the developing microbiota. Innate and adaptive immune cells interact in a concerted way to induce and uphold oral tolerance. Factors in human milk can support this induction of tolerance and simultaneously protect against infection and allergy development. Conclusion Understanding the developmental mechanisms in this early phase of immune system development is the first step to develop strategies of pathology prevention. As human milk protects the infant from infections, and aids to develop a tolerogenic immune response, further knowledge on the protective factors in human milk and their effect on the immune system is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Hornef
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Oliver Pabst
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, IPLESP, French Institute of Health and Medical Research and Sorbonne University, Medical School Saint Antoine, 27 Rue Chaligny, Paris, 75012, France
| | - Manja Fleddermann
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Straße 7, Pfaffenhofen, 85276, Germany
| | - Erika von Mutius
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich, Lindwurmstr. 4, Munich, 80337, Germany
| | - Monika Schaubeck
- HiPP GmbH & Co. Vertrieb KG, Georg-Hipp-Straße 7, Pfaffenhofen, 85276, Germany
| | - Alessandro Fiocchi
- Division of Allergy, Pediatric Hospital Bambino Gesú (IRCCS), Piazza di Sant'Onofrio 4, Rome, 00165, Italy
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19
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Cañas JA, Núñez R, Cruz-Amaya A, Gómez F, Torres MJ, Palomares F, Mayorga C. Epigenetics in Food Allergy and Immunomodulation. Nutrients 2021; 13:4345. [PMID: 34959895 PMCID: PMC8708211 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Food allergy (FA) is an increasing problem worldwide and, over recent years, its prevalence is rising in developed countries. Nowadays, the immunological and cellular processes that occur in the allergic reactions are not fully understood, which hampers the development of in vitro diagnostic tools and further treatment options. Moreover, allergic diseases could be reinforced by environmental exposure and genetic modifications. Gene expression can be controlled by different epigenetic mechanisms like DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. In addition, several environmental factors such as dietary components (vitamin D, butyrate, folic acid) are able to regulate this epigenetic mechanism. All these factors produce modifications in immune genes that could alter the development and function of immune cells, and therefore the etiology of the disease. Furthermore, these epigenetic mechanisms have also an influence on immunomodulation, which could explain sustained responsiveness or unresponsiveness during immunotherapy due to epigenetic modifications in key genes that induce tolerance in several FA. Thus, in this review we focus on the different epigenetic mechanisms that occur in FA and on the influence of several dietary components in these gene modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A. Cañas
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Rafael Núñez
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
| | - Anyith Cruz-Amaya
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
| | - Francisca Gómez
- Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain;
| | - María J. Torres
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
- Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain;
- Medicine Department, Universidad de Málaga-UMA, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisca Palomares
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
| | - Cristobalina Mayorga
- Allergy Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga-IBIMA, 29009 Málaga, Spain; (J.A.C.); (R.N.); (A.C.-A.); (F.P.)
- Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain;
- Allergy Clinical Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, 29009 Málaga, Spain;
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Jiang Z, Pu R, Li N, Chen C, Li J, Dai W, Wang Y, Hu J, Zhu D, Yu Q, Shi Y, Yang G. High prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-10. [PMID: 34783278 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1990850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide health problem. However, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Asian populations is unclear. The aims of our study were to investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with different health outcomes in Asia. Searches for studies published from January 2009 to January 2021 were performed in the MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, and Web of Science databases. This study was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42021229841). In total, 472 studies with 746,564 subjects were included in the meta-analysis. The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentration was 49.39 nmol/L; 20.93% of the participants had 25(OH)D levels <25 nmol/L, 22.82% had levels <30 nmol/L, 57.69% had levels <50 nmol/L, and 76.85% had levels <75 nmol/L. This review found that the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Asia is high. The factors significantly related to vitamin D deficiency were gender, age, altitude, region, and specific diseases (diabetes, cancer, fracture, systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE], fatty liver disease, osteopenia, thyroiditis, anemia, hepatitis, metabolic diseases, and dermatitis). These findings may serve as the foundation for more detailed public health strategies and policies on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rui Pu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaozhen Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinxing Hu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Yu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Shi
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Influence of climate factors on pediatric alopecia areata flares in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21034. [PMID: 34702837 PMCID: PMC8548540 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00433-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with alopecia areata (AA) may experience episodic disease flares characterized by increasing hair loss that follow a seasonal pattern. However, no studies have examined whether specific climate factors contribute to the seasonal pattern of AA flares. Using Spearman rank correlation analyses, we assessed the association between climate variables and AA flare frequency per month in 336 children with AA in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Region-specific monthly values for average ambient temperature, air pressure, cloudiness, hours of sunlight, relative humidity, number of days with sun, number of days with rain, volume of precipitation, wind gust, wind speed, and UV index from January 2015 to December 2017 were obtained from World Weather Online. We found significant (P < 0.05) correlations between AA flare frequency and UV index (R = − 0.66), precipitation (R = − 0.66), number of days with rain (R = − 0.70), number of days with sun (R = 0.62), and air pressure (R = 0.80). Stratified analyses showed even stronger associations with UV index and precipitation in patients with an atopic comorbidity. New significant correlations appeared with temperature, wind speed, and UV index of the prior month. However, in patients who did not have atopic comorbidities, we generally observed weaker and non-significant correlations between climate and AA flare frequency. This study suggests that certain climate factors may mediate the seasonal pattern of AA flares and may contribute to AA pathogenesis. Atopic AA patients may be more susceptible to the influence of climate compared to those with no history of atopy.
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22
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Motoyama Y, Morimoto T, Takeuchi J, Kusunoki T. Fall birth is associated with prolonged elimination in Japanese children with hen's egg allergy: A population-based study. Allergol Int 2021; 70:498-500. [PMID: 34162514 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuie Motoyama
- Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Takeshi Morimoto
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Jiro Takeuchi
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takashi Kusunoki
- Laboratory of Child Health and Nutrition, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, Shiga, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Shiga, Japan.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To review recent evidence on the capacity of vitamin D to prevent atopic disease, focussing on food allergy and asthma, and potential underlying mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS The incidence of allergic disease continues to increase worldwide. Vitamin D status is influenced by sun exposure and dietary intake. Vitamin D deficiency is linked to an increased incidence of allergic disease and asthma. These associations are generally strongest in early life. The capacity of vitamin D to enhance antimicrobial pathways, promote peripheral immunological tolerance and maintain mucosal barrier integrity may underlie these associations. Interventional studies have addressed the capacity of vitamin D supplementation in utero and early life to reduce the incidence of disease. Ancillary studies have provided insights into potential biological mechanisms linked to these effects. SUMMARY Observational studies show an inverse association between vitamin D levels and development of food allergy and asthma. Secondary analyses of two recent interventional studies suggest that achieving vitamin D sufficiency throughout pregnancy reduces the incidence of asthma/recurrent wheeze at 3 years. Longitudinal studies of vitamin D requirements in utero and postnatally, better understanding of factors that influence bioavailability of vitamin D and mechanistic insights into vitamin D effects on neonatal-specific immune pathways are awaited.
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Storino V, Muñoz-Ortiz J, Villabona-Martinez V, Villamizar-Sanjuán JD, Rojas-Carabali W, de-la-Torre A. An Unusual Case of Multiple Food Allergies Comorbid with Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: A Case Report. J Asthma Allergy 2021; 14:317-323. [PMID: 33833533 PMCID: PMC8020051 DOI: 10.2147/jaa.s293248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To report the case of a patient with multiple food allergies comorbid with multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) who was misdiagnosed on various occasions, resulting in a negative impact on the patient's personal and social life. Case Report We present the case of a 43-year-old Colombian women with multiple food allergies concomitant with MCS. Symptoms started with a mild reaction to insecticides, car exhaust smoke, and perfumes and gradually evolved into a severe reaction to her environment. She also presented recurrent episodes of clinical reactivity to foods and persistent elevated IgE levels, as well as several life-threatening anaphylactic reactions. Alternative and allopathic therapies were applied, but her symptoms persisted. Various diagnoses were made before the definitive diagnosis. Conclusion MCS is an unusual entity of unknown pathophysiology that can, on rare occasions, coexist with food allergies. Early recognition and multidisciplinary treatment are required as these entities have a major impact on the patient's quality of life. We present the first Latin American case regarding the association of the two diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juliana Muñoz-Ortiz
- Escuela Barraquer, Research Group, Escuela Superior de Oftalmología, Instituto Barraquer de América, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Valeria Villabona-Martinez
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Juan Diego Villamizar-Sanjuán
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - William Rojas-Carabali
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alejandra de-la-Torre
- Neuroscience Research Group "NeURos", Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia
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25
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Briceno Noriega D, Savelkoul HFJ. Vitamin D and Allergy Susceptibility during Gestation and Early Life. Nutrients 2021; 13:1015. [PMID: 33801051 PMCID: PMC8003945 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, the prevalence of allergies in young children, but also vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy and in newborns is rising. Vitamin D modulates the development and activity of the immune system and a low vitamin D status during pregnancy and in early life might be associated with an increased risk to develop an allergy during early childhood. This review studies the effects of vitamin D during gestation and early life, on allergy susceptibility in infants. The bioactive form of vitamin D, 1,25(OH)2D, inhibits maturation and results in immature dendritic cells that cause a decreased differentiation of naive T cells into effector T cells. Nevertheless, the development of regulatory T cells and the production of interleukin-10 was increased. Consequently, a more tolerogenic immune response developed against antigens. Secondly, binding of 1,25(OH)2D to epithelial cells induces the expression of tight junction proteins resulting in enhanced epithelial barrier function. Thirdly, 1,25(OH)2D increased the expression of anti-microbial peptides by epithelial cells that also promoted the defense mechanism against pathogens, by preventing an invasive penetration of pathogens. Immune intervention by vitamin D supplementation can mitigate the disease burden from asthma and allergy. In conclusion, our review indicates that a sufficient vitamin D status during gestation and early life can lower the susceptibility to develop an allergy in infants although there remains a need for more causal evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huub F. J. Savelkoul
- Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen University & Research, 6708 WD Wageningen, The Netherlands;
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26
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Giannetti A, Bernardini L, Cangemi J, Gallucci M, Masetti R, Ricci G. Role of Vitamin D in Prevention of Food Allergy in Infants. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:447. [PMID: 33014916 PMCID: PMC7461773 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of food allergy is increasing over the last decades. The role of vitamin D in the prevention of food allergy has been largely investigated. Its role on the physiology of calcium and bone is known, but calcitriol (active form of the vitamin D) also influences the epithelial cells, T cells, B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Almost all cells of the adaptive immune system express the vitamin D receptor, making them also capable of being vitamin responsive. Specifically considering the potential role of vitamins in food allergy, vitamin D has been shown to affect several mechanisms that promote immunologic tolerance, including the T regulatory cell function and the induction of tolerogenic dendritic cells. The target of our review is to evaluate the role of vitamin D in the prevention of food allergy in children. There are contradictory data on the relationship among the vitamin D deficiency and the developing of food allergy. Some studies associate lower exposure to sunlight to food allergy; on the other hand, further research has found that higher vitamin D levels could increase the likelihood of allergic sensitization and food allergy. Therefore, there is an urgent need for well-planned randomized controlled trials on vitamin D supplementation, with particular regard to the prevention of food allergy. The role of vitamin D beyond bone and calcium metabolism is not fully understood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Giampaolo Ricci
- Department of Paediatrics, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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27
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Kuwabara Y, Nii R, Tanaka K, Ishii E, Nagao M, Fujisawa T. Season of birth is associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis in Japanese infants: a retrospective cohort study. Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol 2020; 16:44. [PMID: 32514275 PMCID: PMC7260778 DOI: 10.1186/s13223-020-00443-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several epidemiological studies have examined the possibility of a relationship between season of birth and atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy (FA), yet their results are contradictory. We investigated the association between season of birth and risk of AD and FA in Japanese infants. Methods Study subjects were 612 newborn infants born at a single obstetric/pediatric clinic without perinatal diseases. Season of birth was classified as spring (March-May), summer (June-August), autumn (September-November) or winter (December-February). AD was diagnosed according to the United Kingdom Working Party's criteria. FA was defined as present if there was a history of immediate allergic symptoms within 2 h after ingestion of a food. Specific IgE to the corresponding food was also assessed to support the diagnosis. We assessed the association between season of birth and risk of AD and FA using Cox proportional hazard models. Results We identified a total of 365 cases of AD occurring during 3659 person-months of follow-up. Compared with summer birth, autumn, winter, and spring birth were significantly positively associated with the risk of AD: adjusted HRs (95% CIs) were 2.67 (1.96-3.63), 1.42 (1.03-1.95), and 1.43 (1.04-1.98), respectively. We identified a total of 23 cases of physician-diagnosed FA occurring during 6815 person-months of follow-up. Conclusions Being born in the summer is associated with a lower risk of AD compared to other seasons of birth. The low incidence of FA in our cohort group made it difficult to establish a valid association between FA and season of birth as the statistical power was low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Kuwabara
- Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan.,Allergy Center and Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Osato-kubota, Tsu, Mie 514-0125 Japan
| | - Ritsue Nii
- Department of Pediatrics, Shiroko Clinic, Minami-ejima, Suzuka, Mie 510-0235 Japan
| | - Keiko Tanaka
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishii
- Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295 Japan
| | - Mizuho Nagao
- Allergy Center and Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Osato-kubota, Tsu, Mie 514-0125 Japan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Allergy Center and Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Mie National Hospital, Osato-kubota, Tsu, Mie 514-0125 Japan
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28
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du Toit G, Elizur A, Nadeau KC. Cow's Milk and Vitamin D Supplementation in Infants-Timing Is Everything. JAMA Pediatr 2019; 173:1129-1130. [PMID: 31633773 DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- George du Toit
- Division of Asthma, Allergy, and Lung Biology, Department of Paediatric Allergy, King's College London, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS (National Health Service) Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arnon Elizur
- Institute of Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Immunology and Pediatric Pulmonology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Yitzhak Shamir Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California.,Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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29
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Thorisdottir B, Gunnarsdottir I, Vidarsdottir AG, Sigurdardottir S, Birgisdottir BE, Thorsdottir I. Infant Feeding, Vitamin D and IgE Sensitization to Food Allergens at 6 Years in a Longitudinal Icelandic Cohort. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11071690. [PMID: 31340522 PMCID: PMC6683021 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR) recommend exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months, partial breastfeeding until 1 year or longer and irrespective of breastfeeding, avoiding solid foods before 4 months. Strong evidence was found for benefits of breastfeeding regarding growth and infections but limited/inconclusive evidence regarding atopic disease and asthma. Vitamin D is of special interest in the Nordic diet. The aim of this prospective study was to compare infant feeding and vitamin D between immunoglobulin E (IgE) sensitized (n = 14) and non-sensitized (n = 130) children at 6 years. Information on diet and vitamin D supplement use were collected with dietary recall (<5 months), 1-d food records (5 and 6 months) and 3-d weighed food records (12 months and 6 years). Serum-specific IgE-antibodies against milk, egg, cod, wheat, soy and peanut (cut-off specific IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/L) were measured at 6 years and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D at 12 months and 6 years. At 4 months, 57% of IgE sensitized vs. 23% of non-sensitized children (p < 0.01) had received solid food. At 12 months, IgE sensitized children had a lower intake of vitamin D (median (25th, 75th percentiles): 3.9 μg/d (3.2, 7.2) vs. 8.1 μg/d (4.4, 12.3), p = 0.03) and at 6 years, fewer used vitamin D supplements regularly (23% vs. 56%, p = 0.03). Introduction of solid foods prior to 4 months increased the odds of IgE-sensitization, OR = 4.9 (95%, CI = 1.4–16.6) and vitamin D supplement at 6 years decreased the odds of IgE-sensitization, OR = 0.2 (95%, CI = 0.1–0.98), adjusting for maternal smoking. These observations support the NNR in their recommendation against introducing complementary solid foods before the age of 4 months. Furthermore, they support encouraging vitamin D intake for young children at northern latitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birna Thorisdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
- Faculty of Sociology, Anthropology and Folkloristics, School of Social Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | - Sigurveig Sigurdardottir
- Department of Immunology, Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
- The Allergy Outpatient Department, Landspitali University Hospital, 108 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Bryndis Eva Birgisdottir
- Unit for Nutrition Research, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland and Landspitali University Hospital, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Inga Thorsdottir
- School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
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