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Saleh W, Alharbi H, Cha S. Increased prevalence of erythema multiforme in patients with COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2801. [PMID: 38307870 PMCID: PMC10837137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52099-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Several reports stated that erythema multiforme (EM) was associated with COVID-19 with detrimental outcomes in patients. However, since most of these are case reports, it is challenging to quantitively assess their associations. Therefore, our study aims to determine the prevalence of EM in the context of COVID-19. The study was designed as a retrospective cross-sectional hospital-based study of registered patients at the University of Florida Health Hospital. The ICD-10 codes for EM, COVID-19 infection, and COVID-19 vaccines were searched in the database. The odds ratio was calculated to assess the risk of EM after COVID-19 infection or vaccination. Our study included 43,547 patients with a history of COVID-19 infection, of whom 92 developed EM. Patients with COVID-19 infection were 6.68 times more likely to have EM than those without COVID-19 (P < 0.0001). Similarly, the risk of developing EM after COVID-19 vaccination was 2.7, significantly higher than the general population (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of EM following COVID-19 infection or vaccination significantly differs from the general population, highlighting the importance of monitoring patients for EM after COVID-19 infection and/or vaccination. It is imperative to disseminate awareness to clinicians and patients regarding the impact of COVID-19 on EM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Saleh
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Hamad Alharbi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Seunghee Cha
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
- Center for Orphaned Autoimmune Disorders (COAD), University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
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2
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Apoorva HM, Jayaram M, Patil NJ. Usefulness of Yoga in the management of tinnitus during COVID-19: A narrative review. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:100822. [PMID: 38157657 PMCID: PMC10787241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID- 19) has resulted in an unprecedented global health crisis. Tinnitus is the most commonly reported symptom when the COVID-19 impacts the auditory-vestibular system. There are a variety of management strategies for amelioration of tinnitus including Yoga. The present review deals with three issues: one, occurrence of tinnitus in persons affected by COVID-19; two, the impact of COVID-19 situation on tinnitus severity; and three, the potential of Yoga as an intervention strategy. Literature search was carried out through search engines like PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science and Google scholar using keywords like 'tinnitus', 'COVID-19' and 'Yoga'. The relevant studies were identified and the findings summarized in a narrative manner. Based on the evidence obtained in the present review, the authors propose that yoga can be used as an effective strategy in overcoming the psychosocial factors associated with COVID-19 particularly in this pandemic and related lockdown situation. It is also proposed here that teleyoga can serve as a practical, feasible and safe mode for providing therapeutic services for tinnitus-related issues particularly in the present pandemic situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Apoorva
- Department of Speech Pathology & Audiology, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education & Research, Kolar, India
| | - M Jayaram
- Department of Speech Pathology & Audiology, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education & Research, Kolar, India.
| | - N J Patil
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education & Research, Kolar, India
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Kot WY, Li JW, Chan AKY, Zheng LW. A reflection on COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesion: a systematic review. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2023; 4:1322458. [PMID: 38169876 PMCID: PMC10759230 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2023.1322458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of this systematic review is to provide a clinical update of the current knowledge on COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions, to analyze the types and prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19, and to clarify the potential association between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions. Methods The literature search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and the Cochrane Library, as well as literatures via manual searches of the reference lists of included studies. Studies published in English that mentioned oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19 were included, resulting in a total of 31 studies. Results Most of the included studies were considered to have a moderate to high risk of bias according to the Joanna Briggs Institute bias assessment tools. Based on COVID-19 severity, the characteristics and patterns of oral mucosal lesions in COVID-19 patients were described, analyzed and synthesized. Overall, ulcers without specific diagnosis had the highest prevalence in COVID-19 patients, followed by traumatic ulcers, candidiasis, petechiae and aphthous-like lesions. Homogeneity of data cannot be achieved in statical analysis, indicating randomness of outcome (ulcers without specific diagnosis, 95% CI: 28%-96%, I2 = 98.7%). Discussion Given the limited evidence from currently available studies, the association between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions remains difficult to clarify. Healthcare professionals should be aware of the possible association between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions, and we hereby discuss our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Ying Kot
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jing Wen Li
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Alice Kit Ying Chan
- Division of Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Li Wu Zheng
- Division of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Alrajhi S, Shalabi M, Alrajhi A, Almarshud T, Almuhaysin M, Alhudaithi A, Alharbi AF, Alamri N, Alhumaid A, Aljuailan A, Algefari S, Salem S, Saad I. Awareness of undergraduate dental students, interns, and freshly graduated dentists about oral manifestation associated with COVID-19. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:990. [PMID: 38071326 PMCID: PMC10710720 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03666-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is growing evidence supporting the presence of oral manifestations associated with COVID-19. The study investigates the knowledge of dental undergraduates and recently graduated dentists concerning oral presentations related to COVID-19. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study in Saudi Arabia comprised 305 individuals, including undergraduate dental students, interns, and freshly graduated dentists. Data were collected using a questionnaire disseminated to approximately 500 subjects via WhatsApp groups and other applications. The questionnaire was tested in a pilot study for validity, edited, and validated by 2 supervisors at the College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire consisted of questions regarding sociodemographic attributes, the level of expertise of dental practitioners, and their knowledge and perspectives regarding COVID-19 and the implementation of oral lesions interrelated to it. The data was subjected to analysis through the utilization of descriptive statistics and chi-square tests, employing the statistical software SPSS (version 24). RESULTS About 43.9% of subjects stated that COVID-19 causes oral symptoms. Respondents most frequently reported COVID-19-related dry mouth. Oral ulcers, Candida infection, Hyperpigmentation, tongue coating, atrophy, Petechiae, Herpes, white lesions, Gingivitis, and Periodontitis are further symptoms. COVID-19's oral manifestation was unknown to 41.0% of subjects, and 37.7% of respondents lacked knowledge regarding the most impacted locations of oral manifestations. Oral signs and COVID-19 symptoms are debated and significantly associated with higher educational levels. CONCLUSION The dental students and freshly graduated dentists in this study have proper knowledge of COVID-19 and its symptoms. Also, most dental students and newly graduated dentists recognize the potential correlation between COVID-19 and oral manifestations with an average to excellent knowledge of the types and sites commonly affected. The level of awareness was associated with higher educational levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suliman Alrajhi
- College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maram Shalabi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Sharqia Governorate, 4511, Egypt.
| | | | - Tamim Almarshud
- College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Nasser Alamri
- College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ali Aljuailan
- College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Algefari
- College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzan Salem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria Governorate, Egypt
| | - Islam Saad
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Diagnosis and Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Periodontology, Egypt
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Gupta A, Shrivastav K, Agrawal A, Purohit A, Chanchlani R. Estimating the prevalence of oral manifestations in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023; 14:388-417. [PMID: 37920896 PMCID: PMC10626325 DOI: 10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) present with a variety of oral manifestations. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to estimate the prevalence of oral lesions among COVID-19 patients. METHODS An extensive literature search of several electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Litcovid) was conducted to retrieve all articles published in the English language from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023 that reported the prevalence of oral manifestations among COVID-19 patients. A meta-analysis of pooled prevalence was performed using Jamovi ver. 2.3 (2022). The I2 and Q statistics were used to assess heterogeneity between studies, and p-values <0.01 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS In total, 79 studies with data from 13,252 patients were included. The articles were predominantly published in 2020 (n=33), and Italy was the most common country (n=14). Most of the affected patients more than 50 years old and women (56.6%). The most common sites of involvement were the tongue (n=65), followed by the oral mucosa (n=37) and lips (n=19). High heterogeneity was found between studies. The most common oral manifestation was taste alteration, followed by xerostomia and ulceration, showing pooled prevalence rates of 48%, 35%, and 21%, respectively. CONCLUSION COVID-19 patients show various oral manifestations that may help clinicians identify the disease promptly. Recognition of the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 is critical for an early diagnosis and better prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Gupta
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Kriti Shrivastav
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Rishiraj College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Amit Agrawal
- Department of Pediatrics, Gandhi Medical College and Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal, India
| | - Abhishek Purohit
- Department of Dentistry, Regional Training Center for Oral Health Promotion, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
| | - Roshan Chanchlani
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, India
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6
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Scotto G, Fazio V, Massa S, Lo Muzio L, Spirito F. COVID-19 and Oral Lichen Planus: Between an "Intriguing Plot" and the "Fata Morgana Effect". J Clin Med 2023; 12:4829. [PMID: 37510944 PMCID: PMC10381768 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12144829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has led to significant morbidity and mortality worldwide since its declaration as a global pandemic in March 2020. Alongside the typical respiratory symptoms, unusual clinical manifestations such as oral lichen planus (OLP) have been observed. OLP is a chronic inflammatory mucocutaneous dermatosis that results from a cell-mediated reaction, and its pathogenesis involves the loss of immunological tolerance. OLP has been associated with several triggering factors, such as certain drugs, stress, smoking, and even some viruses. Exposure to the spike protein antigen of SARS-CoV-2 during an infection can trigger autoimmune reactions and lead to the onset or flare of OLP. The E3 protein ligase TRIM21, which is identified in the lamina propria of OLP lesions, is overexpressed in COVID-19 patients and plays a critical role in autoimmune pathologies. Furthermore, the psychological stress of the lockdown and quarantine can be a trigger for the onset or exacerbation of OLP. However, the diagnosis of OLP is complex and requires a biopsy in order to confirm a clinical diagnosis, rule out other pathologies, and establish the most appropriate therapeutic procedure. Further research is needed to understand the potential link between Co-19 and OLP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Scotto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, University Hospital "OORR" Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzina Fazio
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Virology Unit, University Hospital "OORR" Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Salvatore Massa
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resource and Engineering, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Lo Muzio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Francesca Spirito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
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7
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Sarasati A, Agustina D, Surboyo MDC. The Oral Lesion in the COVID-19 Patient: Is It True Oral Manifestation or Not? Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4357-4385. [PMID: 37424667 PMCID: PMC10329433 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s411615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Many previously reported publications mentioned that oral lesion in COVID-19 patients was varied. The term oral manifestations refer to pathognomonic features that are found consistently with a specific cause and effect. In this context, the oral manifestation of COVID-19 was inconclusive. This systematic review aimed to analyse previously reported publications related to oral lesions in COVID-19 patients to define as oral manifestations or not. The PRISMA guidelines were implemented in this review. Methods All umbrella reviews, systematic reviews, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, comprehensive reviews, and original and non-original studies were included. Twenty-one of systematic review, 32 original studies and 68 non-original studies reported the oral lesion in COVID-19 patients. Results Most of the publications mentioned that ulcers, macular, pseudomembranes and crusts were frequent oral lesions. The reported oral lesions in COVID-19 patients did not show any pathognomonic features and might be unrelated directly to COVID-19 infections, however, more likely due to gender, age, underlying diseases, and medication. Conclusion The oral lesions found in previous studies do not have pathognomonic features and are inconsistent. Therefore, the reported oral lesion, in present time, cannot be defined as an oral manifestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andari Sarasati
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Dewi Agustina
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
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Hussein RR, Ahmed E, Abou-Bakr A, El-Gawish AA, Ras ABE, Ghalwash DM. Oral Changes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Cross-Sectional Multicentric Study. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:3002034. [PMID: 37223395 PMCID: PMC10202601 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3002034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread over the globe, and several oral symptoms have been documented. However, it is unclear whether these lesions are the result of coronavirus infection or are secondary symptoms of the patient's systemic illness. The aim of this study was to collect data from various hospitals on COVID-19 patients with oral involvement in order to highlight different oral changes that may be manifested in those patients. Methods This observational cross-sectional multicenter study used an online questionnaire covering oral signs and symptoms that were believed to be related to COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in different hospitals in Egypt. Results 94.3% of the 210 patients who participated in the current study developed oral symptoms. Altered taste sensation (56.2%), burning sensation (43.3%), and oral candidiasis (40%) were the most prevalent oral symptoms (34.4%) that were found in the studied sample. Conclusions COVID-19 has a major influence on the oral cavity, with numerous oral symptoms that may impair quality of life. Thus, considering the need for support, pain control, and management for a better prognosis, the clinical dental evaluation of hospitalized patients with infectious diseases like COVID-19 should be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa R. Hussein
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enji Ahmed
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk City, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Abou-Bakr
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk City, Egypt
| | - Ayman A. El-Gawish
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk City, Egypt
| | - Abou-Bakr E. Ras
- Otolaryngology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Qalyoubya, Egypt
| | - Dalia M. Ghalwash
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, The British University in Egypt, El Sherouk City, Egypt
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9
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Zou H, Daveluy S. Lichen planus after COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Arch Dermatol Res 2023; 315:139-146. [PMID: 36471086 PMCID: PMC9734460 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-022-02497-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lichen planus (LP) is an inflammatory disorder believed to result from CD8 + cytotoxic T-cell (CTL)-mediated autoimmune reactions against basal keratinocytes. We present a review of LP following COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Literature searches were conducted on PubMed and Google Scholar from 2019 to 7/2022. 36 articles were selected based on subject relevance, and references within articles were also screened. 39 cases of post-vaccination LP and 6 cases of post-infection LP were found among case reports and case series. 152 cases of post-vaccination LP and 12 cases of post-infection LP were found in retrospective and prospective studies. LP is a rare complication of COVID-19 infection and vaccination that may be mediated by overstimulation of T-cell responses and proinflammatory cytokine production. However, it does not represent a limitation against COVID-19 vaccination, and the benefits of vaccination considerably outweigh the risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Zou
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, 15 Michigan St NE, Grand Rapids, MI, 49503, USA.
| | - Steven Daveluy
- Department of Dermatology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, 48201, USA
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10
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Campos L, Teixeira IS, Ramires MCCH, Raffaele RM, Palma LF. Critically Ill Patients With COVID-19: Are Phototherapies Advantageous for Managing Orofacial Lesions? Our Experience With Brazilian Hospitals. J Lasers Med Sci 2023; 14:e5. [PMID: 37089766 PMCID: PMC10114033 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2023.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luana Campos
- Study Group of Laser and Health Institute. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Implantology, School of Dentistry, University of Santo Amaro. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Correspondence to: Luana Campos,
| | - Inessa Solek Teixeira
- Study Group of Laser and Health Institute. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Imperial Charity Hospital. Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Regina Maria Raffaele
- Study Group of Laser and Health Institute. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Dentistry Service, Charity Hospital of Campo Grande. Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Palma
- Department of Pathology, Federal University of São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Sabbagh HJ, Abdelaziz W, Quritum M, Alamoudi RA, AlKhateeb NAB, Abourdan J, Qureshi N, Qureshi S, Hamoud AHN, Mahmoud N, Odeh R, Al-Khanati NM, Jaber R, Balkhoyor AL, Shabi M, Folayan MO, Alade O, Gomaa N, Alnahdi R, Mahmoud NA, El Wazziki H, Alnaas M, Samodien B, Mahmoud RA, Assab NA, Saad S, Alsayad MM, Alhachim SG, El Tantawi M. A multi-country study on the impact of sex and age on oral features of COVID-19 infection in adolescents and young adults. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:513. [PMID: 36402969 PMCID: PMC9675238 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02515-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral diseases are features of COVID-19 infection. There is, however, little known about oral diseases associated with COVID-19 in adolescents and young adults (AYA). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess oral lesions’ association with COVID-19 infection in AYA; and to identify if sex and age will modify these associations. Methodology Data was collected for this cross-sectional study between August 2020 and January 2021 from 11-to-23 years old participants in 43-countries using an electronic validated questionnaire developed in five languages. Data collected included information on the dependent variables (the presence of oral conditions- gingival inflammation, dry mouth, change in taste and oral ulcers), independent variable (COVID-19 infection) and confounders (age, sex, history of medical problems and parents’ educational level). Multilevel binary logistic regression was used for analysis. Results Complete data were available for 7164 AYA, with 7.5% reporting a history of COVID-19 infection. A significantly higher percentage of participants with a history of COVID-19 infection than those without COVID-19 infection reported having dry mouth (10.6% vs 7.3%, AOR = 1.31) and taste changes (11.1% vs 2.7%, AOR = 4.11). There was a significant effect modification in the association between COVID-19 infection and the presence of dry mouth and change in taste by age and sex (P = 0.02 and < 0.001). Conclusion COVID-19 infection was associated with dry mouth and change in taste among AYA and the strength of this association differed by age and sex. These oral conditions may help serve as an index for suspicion of COVID-19 infection in AYA. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12903-022-02515-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Jafar Sabbagh
- grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box: 80200, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa Abdelaziz
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561 Egypt
| | - Maryam Quritum
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561 Egypt
| | - Rana Abdullah Alamoudi
- grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117Pediatric Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Abu Bakr AlKhateeb
- grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Joud Abourdan
- grid.411781.a0000 0004 0471 9346Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medipol University, 34230 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nafeesa Qureshi
- City Quay Dental Practice and Implant Centre, Dundee, DD1 3JA UK
| | - Shabnum Qureshi
- grid.412997.00000 0001 2294 5433Department of Education, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, 190006 India
| | - Ahmed H. N. Hamoud
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561 Egypt
| | - Nada Mahmoud
- grid.449328.00000 0000 8955 8908Faculty of Dentistry, National Ribat University, 1111 Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ruba Odeh
- grid.444470.70000 0000 8672 9927College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- grid.449576.d0000 0004 5895 8692Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, 386 Syria
| | - Rawiah Jaber
- grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117General Courses, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Loaie Balkhoyor
- grid.412125.10000 0001 0619 1117Faculty of Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Shabi
- grid.460099.2University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23218 Saudi Arabia
| | - Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State Nigeria
| | - Omolola Alade
- grid.10824.3f0000 0001 2183 9444Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Noha Gomaa
- grid.39381.300000 0004 1936 8884Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario Canada
| | - Raqiya Alnahdi
- Department of Dental Surgery, Oman Dental College, 116 Muscat, Oman
| | - Nawal A. Mahmoud
- grid.444472.50000 0004 1756 3061Institute of Creative Art and Design (ICAD), Kuala Lumpur Campus, UCSI University, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hanane El Wazziki
- Department of Cereal Plant Pathology, National Institute of Agricultural Research, 10090 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Manal Alnaas
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Division of Imaging Science and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 4HN UK
| | - Bahia Samodien
- Western Cape Education Department, Cape Town, 8001 South Africa
| | - Rawa A. Mahmoud
- Musculoskeletal Center, International Medical Centre, Jeddah, 21451 Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Abu Assab
- Schools of Awqaf, Directorate of Education, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sherin Saad
- grid.8761.80000 0000 9919 9582Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Box 431, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Maha El Tantawi
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21561 Egypt
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Gebretsadik HG. An update on oral clinical courses among patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection: A clinical follow-up (a prospective prevalent cohort) study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0275817. [PMID: 36269692 PMCID: PMC9586351 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Contemporary literature has revealed that Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes acute sialadenitis and related symptoms, such as discomfort, pain, swelling, and secretory dysfunction in salivary glands. The secretory dysfunction is due to SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced xerostomia and other associated clinical courses such as sore tongue, mucosal ulcer, and gingivitis in the oral cavity. Furthermore, it has been reported that COVID-19 causes the development of other oral manifestations. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective clinical follow-up (a prevalent cohort) study was conducted to identify the possible oral manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection among patients admitted toat the Eka General Hospital COVID-19 treatment center. Furthermore, the study aimed to calculate the prevalence rate of oral clinical courses in the cohorts. The study consisted of two follow-up phases: Hospital and patient-home-based. RESULTS A total of 55 patients (36 males and 19 females) met the inclusion criteria and were followed for 7.5 weeks. The 3.5 weeks hospital-based prospective follow-up study documented an 18% (n = 10) prevalence rate of oral clinical courses among the cohorts. Twelve oral symptoms appeared in these ten patients. The manifested oral symptoms were oral mucosal lesions (n = 6), xerostomia (n = 5), and thickening of saliva (n = 1). The oral mucosal lesions per se consisted of aphthous lesions (n = 3), candidiasis (n = 1), geographic tongue (n = 1), and localized gingivitis (n = 1). The four weeks' home-based follow-up study disclosed four newly manifested oral symptoms: hemorrhagic crust, bulla, buccal mucositis, and petechiae. These manifestations appeared among six patients (four males and two females) who had not manifested any oral symptoms during the hospital-based follow-up. Accordingly, the overall prevalence of oral clinical courses among patients presented with SARS-CoV-2 is raised from 18% (n = 10) to 29% (n = 16). Similarly, the number of clinical courses increased from 12 to 16 after four additional weeks of follow-up. DISCUSSION The study's findings suggest the importance of initiating oral health care for patients with COVID-19. Therefore, multidisciplinary healthcare approaches should be delivered to assure optimal health outcomes. Accordingly, oral health professionals must be a substantial part of the interdisciplinary approach in caring for patients with COVID-19.
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Gutierrez-Camacho JR, Avila-Carrasco L, Martinez-Vazquez MC, Garza-Veloz I, Zorrilla-Alfaro SM, Gutierrez-Camacho V, Martinez-Fierro ML. Oral Lesions Associated with COVID-19 and the Participation of the Buccal Cavity as a Key Player for Establishment of Immunity against SARS-CoV-2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11383. [PMID: 36141654 PMCID: PMC9517300 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some oral lesions have been described in patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2); the possibility has been raised that the buccal lesions observed in patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are due to this virus and the patient's systemic condition. The aim of this review was to integrate the knowledge related to the oral lesions associated with COVID-19 and the participation of the buccal cavity in the establishment of immunity against SARS-CoV-2. METHODS A literature search on the manifestations of buccal lesions from the beginning of the pandemic until October 2021 was carried out by using the PubMed database. A total of 157 scientific articles were selected from the library, which included case reports and reports of lesions appearing in patients with COVID-19. RESULTS Oral lesions included erosions, ulcers, vesicles, pustules, plaques, depapillated tongue, and pigmentations, among others. The oral cavity is a conducive environment for the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the mucosal immune system and target cells; direct effects of the virus in this cavity worsen the antiviral inflammatory response of underlying oral disorders, immunodeficiencies, and autoimmunity primarily. CONCLUSIONS The oral cavity is an accessible and privileged environment for the interaction of SARS-CoV-2 with the mucosal immune system and target cells; the direct effects of the virus in this cavity worsen the antiviral inflammatory response of underlying oral disorders, in particular those related to immunodeficiencies and autoimmunity.
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El Tantawi M, Sabbagh HJ, Alkhateeb NA, Quritum M, Abourdan J, Qureshi N, Qureshi S, Hamoud A, Mahmoud N, Odeh R, Al-Khanati NM, Jaber R, Balkhoyor AL, Shabi M, Folayan MO, Gomaa N, Al_Nahdi R, Mahmoud N, El Wazziki H, Alnaas M, Samodien B, Mahmoud R, Abu Assab N, Saad S, Al-Hachim S, Alshaikh A, Abdelaziz W. Oral manifestations in young adults infected with COVID-19 and impact of smoking: a multi-country cross-sectional study. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13555. [PMID: 35860046 PMCID: PMC9291069 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral manifestations and lesions could adversely impact the quality of people's lives. COVID-19 infection may interact with smoking and the impact on oral manifestations is yet to be discovered. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the self-reported presence of oral lesions by COVID-19-infected young adults and the differences in the association between oral lesions and COVID-19 infection in smokers and non-smokers. Methods This cross-sectional multi-country study recruited 18-to-23-year-old adults. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data on COVID-19-infection status, smoking and the presence of oral lesions (dry mouth, change in taste, and others) using an online platform. Multi-level logistic regression was used to assess the associations between the oral lesions and COVID-19 infection; the modifying effect of smoking on the associations. Results Data was available from 5,342 respondents from 43 countries. Of these, 8.1% reported COVID-19-infection, 42.7% had oral manifestations and 12.3% were smokers. A significantly greater percentage of participants with COVID-19-infection reported dry mouth and change in taste than non-infected participants. Dry mouth (AOR=, 9=xxx) and changed taste (AOR=, 9=xxx) were associated with COVID-19- infection. The association between COVID-19-infection and dry mouth was stronger among smokers than non-smokers (AOR = 1.26 and 1.03, p = 0.09) while the association with change in taste was stronger among non-smokers (AOR = 1.22 and 1.13, p = 0.86). Conclusion Dry mouth and changed taste may be used as an indicator for COVID-19 infection in low COVID-19-testing environments. Smoking may modify the association between some oral lesions and COVID-19-infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha El Tantawi
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Heba Jafar Sabbagh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maryam Quritum
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Joud Abourdan
- Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nafeesa Qureshi
- City Quay Dental Practice and Implant Centre, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Shabnum Qureshi
- Department of Education, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
| | - Ahmed Hamoud
- Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nada Mahmoud
- Faculty of Dentistry, National Ribat University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Ruba Odeh
- College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nuraldeen Maher Al-Khanati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Faculty of Dentistry, Syrian Private University, Damascus, Syria
| | - Rawiah Jaber
- General Courses, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammed Shabi
- King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Noha Gomaa
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raqiya Al_Nahdi
- Department of Dental Surgery, Oman Dental College, Muscat, Oman
| | | | - Hanane El Wazziki
- Department of Cereal Plant Pathology, National Institute of Aricultural Research, Settat, Morocco
| | - Manal Alnaas
- Division of Imaging Science and Technology, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Bahia Samodien
- Western Cape Education Department, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Rawa Mahmoud
- International Medical Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nour Abu Assab
- Schools of Awqaf, Directorate of Education, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | | | - Sondos Al-Hachim
- Health Education Services, Ingham County, Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Ali Alshaikh
- Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa Abdelaziz
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Di Spirito F, Iandolo A, Amato A, Caggiano M, Raimondo A, Lembo S, Martina S. Prevalence, Features and Degree of Association of Oral Lesions in COVID-19: A Systematic Review of Systematic Reviews. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127486. [PMID: 35742735 PMCID: PMC9224460 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Regardless of rapidly emerging findings on oral lesions described in adult SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects, the evidence level remains quite low and rather contrasting; therefore, the present systematic review of systematic reviews primarily aims to point out the overall prevalence of diagnosed cases. Secondary aims are to estimate the degree of association between oral lesions and SARS-CoV-2 infection and to grade, based on the reported frequency, the primary oral lesions, with related clinical presentations and microscopic features, in relation to COVID-19 forms. A study protocol compliant with the PRISMA statement was developed. Twelve studies were included, reporting highly heterogeneous and incomplete findings, thus precluding a meta-analysis. Further studies should be conducted to assess the overall prevalence of cases diagnosed with oral lesions among adult SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects, especially considering novel viral variants, and to determine their degree of association with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 forms. Moreover, the reported findings noticed the need to evaluate the putative role both of SARS-CoV-2 in oral lesions genesis and of periodontitis and periodontal microbiome in COVID-19 worsening and re-activations. Deeper insights into oral lesions in adult SARS-CoV-2-positive subjects could enhance the comprehension of illness pathogenesis, natural history and clinical presentation, thus improving the preparedness of health professionals in the inter-disciplinary management of COVID-19.
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16
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Alabdulaaly L, Sroussi H, Epstein JB. New Onset and Exacerbation of Oral Lichenoid Mucositis Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination. Oral Dis 2022; 28 Suppl 2:2563-2567. [PMID: 35595719 PMCID: PMC9348045 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lama Alabdulaaly
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Herve Sroussi
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA.,Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Joel B Epstein
- Cedars-Sinai Health System, Los Angeles, CA.,Dental Oncology Services, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
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Oral Manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 Positive Patients: A Systematic Review. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11082202. [PMID: 35456297 PMCID: PMC9029624 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11082202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the human population by revealing many health problems, including within the oral cavity. This systematic review was designed to answer the question "Is there a relationship between oral manifestations and SARS-CoV-2 infection?". Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, twenty-seven studies were included (according to PRISMA statement guidelines). Based on the meta-analysis, nearly two-thirds of the SARS-CoV-2 positive patients reported oral symptoms, in particular taste alterations, xerostomia and ulcerations (54.73% [95% CI: 46.28-63.04%], 37.58% [95% CI: 26.35-49.53%], and 21.43% [95% CI: 13.17-31.06%], respectively). In conclusion, despite the conducted systematic review, the increased prevalence of oral manifestations in SARS-CoV-2 infection cannot be clearly established due to the possible association of other factors, e.g., individual or environmental factors.
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18
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Tirelli G, Boscolo-Rizzo P. ENT symptoms in acute COVID-19: a narrative review. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2022; 42:S14-S19. [PMID: 35763271 PMCID: PMC9137377 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-suppl.1-42-2022-02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is characterised by a wide spectrum of disease severity ranging from asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic cases to severe and life-threatening forms. As this new coronavirus is a respiratory virus, it is not surprising that many symptoms caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection are related to the involvement of the upper respiratory tract. In addition the most pathognomonic of symptoms, i.e. the alteration of smell, nasal obstruction, sore throat and cough have been consistently described as early symptoms of the disease. However, for other ENT symptoms, such as oral lesions and audio-vestibular changes, a causal relation is far from proven. The rapid and extensive spread of COVID-19 makes it difficult to demonstrate a causative link between several ENT symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 infection and it is reasonable to assume that at least in some cases this link is actually coincidental in some cases. Moreover, following the phenomenon of the race to publish, there has been an uncontrolled release of poor-quality articles showing the most disparate associations mainly based on a temporal association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptoms of various types including those of the ENT area. In this narrative review of the literature, we will critically describe the ENT symptoms of COVID-19.
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19
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Oral Health Conditions and COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of the Current Evidence. AGING AND HEALTH RESEARCH 2022; 2:100064. [PMID: 35281130 PMCID: PMC8896863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahr.2022.100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Babazadeh A, Miladi R, Barary M, Shirvani M, Ebrahimpour S, Aryanian Z, Mohseni Afshar Z. COVID‐19 vaccine‐related new‐onset lichen planus. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e05323. [PMID: 35140945 PMCID: PMC8810943 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.5323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) vaccines significantly impacted world health and well‐being. However, various adverse events have been observed following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) vaccination. Cutaneous reactions have been prevalent following many vaccines, including COVID‐19 vaccines. Here, we present a case of new‐onset lichen planus in a patient who received the COVID‐19 vaccine at the same time as being infected with SARS‐CoV‐2. A 52‐year‐old woman presented to the clinic with extensive pruritic skin lesions. The eruptions had appeared a week after her second dose of the Sinopharm COVID‐19 vaccine. She mentioned a history of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection approximately 10 days following the first dose of her vaccine, causing a 1‐month delay in getting the second dose. Her past medical history was not significant. On examination, erythematous and squamous papules were demonstrated predominantly on the extremities, including inguinal and axillary folds. Moreover, desquamation of the lips was visible, and buccal lesions were also found. After consultation with a dermatologist, a skin biopsy was indicated for the patient, but she refused to undergo the procedure. Therefore, considering the typical appearance of the eruptions, lichen planus was suspected, for which she was treated with oral antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. Dermatologists should be aware of the probability of new‐onset or exacerbated mucosal skin disorders due to the vast range of cutaneous adverse events following COVID‐19 vaccination and actively monitor susceptible patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arefeh Babazadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Ronak Miladi
- Clinical Research Development Center Imam Reza Hospital Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Mohammad Barary
- Student Research Committee Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maria Shirvani
- Clinical Research Development Center Imam Reza Hospital Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center Health Research Institute Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Zeinab Aryanian
- Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Department of Dermatology School of Medicine Babol University of Medical Sciences Babol Iran
| | - Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development Center Imam Reza Hospital Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences Kermanshah Iran
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Boyapati R, Duddukuri H, Dhulipalla R, Kolaparthy L, Polepalle T, Katuri KK. Perceptions and Preparedness of Dental Professionals toward COVID-19-Related Oral Manifestations in India. Indian J Community Med 2022; 47:39-44. [PMID: 35368498 PMCID: PMC8971885 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_704_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: With the reports of oral manifestations observed in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients snowballing day-by-day, it calls for the attention of dental professionals to keep themselves updated regarding these manifestations and how to prevent and manage them in COVID-infected patients. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to assess the perceptions and preparedness of dental professionals in India toward the COVID-19-related oral manifestations. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, web-based survey was conducted on dental professionals using a pretested and validated questionnaire. Six hundred and twenty-three responses obtained from January 23, 2021 to February 15, 2021 were included in the study. Results: Mean knowledge scores regarding COVID-19-related oral manifestations were noted to be significantly high among males (13.5 ± 4.9), having a PhD (18.3 ± 5.8), belonging to the specialty of oral medicine and radiology (15.6 ± 4.7), with more than 15 years of clinical experience (15.4 ± 4.7) and practicing in metropolitan areas (13.7 ± 5.03). Tele-consultation and advising palliative care (65.5%) were the most preferred ways of managing COVID-19-related oral manifestations. Ninety-one percentage of the participants felt that inclusion of dentists in the intensive care unit multiprofessional teams, would contribute toward early diagnosis and management of oral manifestations. Conclusion: Study noted lower knowledge scores pertaining to COVID-19-related oral manifestations among BDS graduates with <5 years of clinical experience calling for the implementation of continuing dental education on the oral manifestations occurring in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanarayana Boyapati
- Department of Periodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Hema Duddukuri
- Department of Periodontics, Mamata Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
| | - Ravindranath Dhulipalla
- Department of Periodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Lakshmikanth Kolaparthy
- Department of Periodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tejaswin Polepalle
- Department of Periodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Kishore Kumar Katuri
- Department of Periodontics, Sibar Institute of Dental Sciences, Takkellapadu, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India
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22
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Cuevas-Gonzalez MV, Espinosa-Cristóbal LF, Donohue-Cornejo A, Tovar-Carrillo KL, Saucedo-Acuña RA, García-Calderón AG, Guzmán-Gastelum DA, Cuevas-Gonzalez JC. COVID-19 and its manifestations in the oral cavity: A systematic review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28327. [PMID: 34941133 PMCID: PMC8701462 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SARS-CoV-2 is the virus responsible for coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) disease, which has been shown to trigger multiple affectations. One of the first tissue areas to come into contact with the virus is the oral cavity, which develops various alterations. Hence, the objective of this systematic review was to identify the main signs and symptoms of this disease in the oral cavity, and the following research question was established: What are the main oral signs and symptoms in COVID-19-positive persons? METHODS The electronic databases of PUBMED, SCOPUS, and SCIENCE DIRECT were analyzed, the keywords "ORAL DISEASES," "ORAL MANIFESTACTIONS," and "COVID-19" were used taking into account the following inclusion criteria: studies whose main objective was oral manifestations secondary to the confirmation of COVID-19, plus clinical cases, case series, and retrospective or prospective studies. For the assessment of the risk of bias the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Case Series tool was used. RESULTS A total of 18 studies were included, the most common initial signs/symptoms after contagion of SARS-CoV-2 were dysgeusia, dry mouth, and burning mouth, and the main signs/symptoms were the presence of ulcerative lesions, dysgeusia, and Candida albicans infections. CONCLUSIONS It is very important to detect any alteration in the mucosa in patients with COVID-19 and to provide assertive treatment to avoid complications, and try to maintain adequate oral hygiene throughout the course of the disease to avoid the colonization of opportunistic microorganisms and to avoid complications both orally and systemically.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alejandro Donohue-Cornejo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Juarez City, Chihuahua, Mexico
| | | | - Rosa Alicia Saucedo-Acuña
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Juarez City, Chihuahua, Mexico
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de Paula Eduardo F, Gobbi MF, Bergamin LG, Migliorati CA, Bezinelli LM. Oral care and photobiomodulation protocol for the prevention of traumatic injuries and lip necrosis in critically ill patients with COVID-19: an observational study. LASERS IN DENTAL SCIENCE 2021; 5:239-245. [PMID: 34816005 PMCID: PMC8603650 DOI: 10.1007/s41547-021-00144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
It is well reported that severe cases of COVID-19 frequently need critical care in the ICU to manage respiratory complications, often requiring orotracheal intubation (OTI). Due to complex systemic conditions, the patient may remain intubated for a long period of time and be placed in prone position. This positioning and the pressure of the intubation device on the lips may lead to the development of traumatic injuries. Oral care and the use of photobiomodulation (PBM) can be successfully implemented to promote oral mucosa healing and prevent soft tissue necrosis. We describe the outcomes of the management protocol that was routinely used by the ICU oral medicine team, leading to the implementation of a preventive protocol for the OTI-related oral injuries. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 472 patients with COVID-19 in the ICU from May 2020 to February 2021. 60/472 patients developed traumatic injuries and were managed with the oral care protocol and PBM, to prevent the progress to lip necrosis. When appropriated, in addition to oral care and PBM, other measures were taken to prevent further local trauma (lip hydration, changes in tube fixation). The proposed oral care protocol associated with PBM successfully prevented the progress of traumatic lesions, ulceration, necrosis, and loss of tissue associated with IOT. The quality of life of patients in the ICU and after their recovery was preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcella Ferreira Gobbi
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/520, São Paulo, CEP 05651-901 Brazil
| | - Livia Goron Bergamin
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/520, São Paulo, CEP 05651-901 Brazil
| | - Cesar Augusto Migliorati
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA
| | - Leticia Mello Bezinelli
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/520, São Paulo, CEP 05651-901 Brazil
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Saleh W, SHawky E, Halim GA, Ata F. Oral lichen planus after COVID-19, a case report. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2021; 72:103051. [PMID: 34786190 PMCID: PMC8580550 DOI: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 is a global pandemic that is now responsible for more than 3 million deaths around the world. The oral and dermatological manifestations of COVID-19 are being remarkably reported. This report aims to describe a unique case of oral presentation of erosive lichen planus after COVID-19 infection. Case presentation We present a case of oral lichen planus manifested in the buccal mucosa and the tongue. The lesions were detected one month after COVID-19 infection. Clinical, as well as the histopathological diagnosis, was performed on the oral lesion to confirm oral lichen planus. Clinical discussion Despite viruses being reported as a triggering factor in oral lichen planus, very few cases of oral lichen planus after COVID-19 infection were noticed. The immunological and psychological changes induced by COVID-19 infection may explain the tendency to find lichen planus lesions in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Our case suggests the possible association between COVID-19 and oral lichen planus. This report highlights the role of health practitioners to be concerned about the probably rising incidence of lichen planus during the COVID-19 pandemic and consider appropriate therapeutic and protective measures against infection. Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid 19) causes pandemics all over the world. Oral and cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 are emerging every day. Lichen planus is a new pattern of COVID‐19 associated lesion. Identification and diagnosis of lichen planus after COVID-19 need conducting entire clinical and laboratory investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa Saleh
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 33516, Egypt
| | - Eman SHawky
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 33516, Egypt
| | - Ghady Abdel Halim
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 33516, Egypt
| | - Fatma Ata
- Oral Medicine, Periodontology, Diagnosis and Oral Radiology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, 33516, Egypt
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25
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Bin Dakhil A. Letter to the editor: Oral lesions in Covid 19 positive patients. Am J Otolaryngol 2021; 42:103176. [PMID: 34446327 PMCID: PMC8359495 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2021.103176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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26
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Oral mucosal lesions in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 59:1024-1030. [PMID: 34563354 PMCID: PMC8233061 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2021.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is a new disease that presents mainly with respiratory symptoms. However, it can present with a multitude of signs and symptoms that affect various body systems and several oral manifestations have also been reported. We carried out a systematic review to explore the types of oral mucosal lesions that have been reported in the COVID-19-related literature up to 25 March 2021. A structured electronic database search using Medline, Embase, and CINAHL, as well as a grey literature search using Google Scholar, revealed a total of 322 studies. After the removal of duplicates and completion of the primary and secondary filtering processes, 12 studies were included for final appraisal. In patients with COVID-19 infection, we identified several different types of oral mucosal lesions at various locations within the oral cavity. Most of the studies appraised had a high risk of bias according to the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist. The current published literature does not allow differentiation as to whether the oral lesions were caused by the viral infection itself, or were related to oral manifestations secondary to existing comorbidities or the treatment instigated to combat the disease. It is important for healthcare professionals to be aware of the possible link between COVID-19 and oral mucosal lesions, and we hereby discuss our findings.
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Aragoneses J, Suárez A, Algar J, Rodríguez C, López-Valverde N, Aragoneses JM. Oral Manifestations of COVID-19: Updated Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:726753. [PMID: 34513886 PMCID: PMC8424005 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.726753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence for oral lesions and manifestations of COVID-19. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the types of oral manifestations of COVID-19 and their prevalence. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were used to search for publications on oral manifestations in patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19. A total of 310 records were selected, and 74 were included. Oral lesions in COVID-19 were classified according to their etiologies, including iatrogenic lesions caused by intubation and opportunistic infections. Of the included studies, 35 reported oral lesions probably caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Meta-analysis of prevalence data on oral manifestations and aphthous lesions indicated high heterogeneity, while meta-analysis of xerostomia prevalence data revealed a pooled prevalence, with considerable heterogeneity. In conclusion, the meta-analysis yielded high heterogeneity between studies: oral lesions yielded a prevalence of 0.33 (95% CI 0.11-0.60), xerostomia lesions a prevalence of 0.44 (95% CI 0.36-0.52) and aphthous lesions 0.10 (95% CI 0.01-0.24). In addition, a gap in the evidence regarding the prevalence of oral lesions in COVID-19 was identified and the need for further observational studies focusing on this issue and on the causal relationships between oral lesions and COVID-19 was highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Aragoneses
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana Suárez
- Department of Preclinical Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Algar
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cinthia Rodríguez
- Department of Dentistry, Federico Henriquez y Carvajal University, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
| | - Nansi López-Valverde
- Department of Surgery, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
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28
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Teixeira IS, Leal FS, Tateno RY, Palma LF, Campos L. Photobiomodulation therapy and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for orofacial lesions in patients with COVID-19: A case series. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102281. [PMID: 33813018 PMCID: PMC8015345 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral lesions related to the novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been increasingly described; however, clinical and epidemiological information is still scant. Although a diversity of therapeutic strategies for the management of these lesions are present in the literature, one can note a lack of standardization and doubtful effectiveness. Thus, the present study aimed to report a series of cases in which a combination of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) was used for orofacial lesions in patients suffering from COVID-19. It was noted, in all cases, a marked improvement in tissue repair and pain relief within a few days; moreover, the patients recovered their orofacial functions satisfactorily. Based on the present series of cases and having in mind the conspicuous lack of information on the different aspects of COVID-19, the protocol which combined aPDT with PMBT seemed to be effective in the management of COVID-19-related orofacial lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fidel Silveira Leal
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Yudi Tateno
- Graduate Program in Implantology, University of Santo Amaro, School of Dentistry. São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Felipe Palma
- Graduate Dentistry Program, Ibirapuera University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luana Campos
- Graduate Program in Implantology, University of Santo Amaro, School of Dentistry. São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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