1
|
Téllez-Téllez M, Diaz-Godinez G. Mushrooms and Fungi and Their Biological Compounds with Antidiabetic Activity: A Review. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:13-24. [PMID: 38780420 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2024052864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Mushrooms have been used by humans for centuries as food and medicine because they have been shown to affect certain diseases. Mushrooms for medicinal purposes have been consumed in the form of extracts and/or biomass of the mycelium or fruiting body. The beneficial health effects of mushrooms are due to their content of bioactive compounds (polysaccharides, proteins, ergosterol, lectins, etc.). On the other hand, diabetes is one of the metabolic diseases that affects the population worldwide, characterized by hyperglycemia that involves a defective metabolism of insulin, a hormone secreted by β cells and that mainly stimulates glucose absorption by the cells. However, it also affects the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins; poor control of this disease leads to serious damage to eyesight, kidneys, bones, heart, skin, blood vessels, nerves, etc. It has been reported that the consumption of some mushrooms helps control and treat diabetes, since among other actions, they promote the secretion of insulin by the pancreas, help reduce blood glucose and have α-glucosidase inhibitory activity which improves glucose uptake by cells, which are effects that prescription medications have for patients with diabetes. In that sense, this manuscript shows a review of scientific studies that support the abilities of some mushrooms to be used in the control and/or treatment of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maura Téllez-Téllez
- Laboratory of Mycology, Biological Research Center, Autonomous University of Morelos State, Morelos, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Strouphauer E, Parke M, Perez-Sanchez A, Tantry E, Katta R. Functional Foods in Dermatology. Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:dpc.1304a256. [PMID: 37992371 PMCID: PMC10656176 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1304a256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional foods, defined as whole foods that provide health benefits beyond their nutritional value, may provide multiple dermatologic benefits. Research studies have documented multiple benefits, including enhanced skin barrier function, improved wound healing, radiance, photoprotection, and hormonal regulation. Although the majority of research to date has involved small-scale human interventions or animal models, promising findings have been noted. A number of potential molecular mechanisms have been described, such as the ability of some foods to combat oxidative stress and thus reduce visible and histologic skin changes in response to UV radiation. Additional mechanisms have been described for wound healing, photo-carcinogenesis, and other outcomes. In this review, we discuss the potential dermatologic role of functional foods in order to advocate for larger-scale, evidence-based, human studies to expand this promising field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Milbrey Parke
- Department of Internal Medicine Resident, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ariadna Perez-Sanchez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Rajani Katta
- Clinical Professor of Dermatology, McGovern Medical School at UTHealth Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ruggeri M, Miele D, Contardi M, Vigani B, Boselli C, Icaro Cornaglia A, Rossi S, Suarato G, Athanassiou A, Sandri G. Mycelium-based biomaterials as smart devices for skin wound healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1225722. [PMID: 37650039 PMCID: PMC10465301 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1225722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Recently, mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus, edible fungi, have been characterized in vitro as self-growing biomaterials for tissue engineering since they are constituted of interconnected fibrous networks resembling the dermal collagen structure. Aim: This work aims to investigate the biopharmaceutical properties of G. lucidum and P. ostreatus mycelia to prove their safety and effectiveness in tissue engineering as dermal substitutes. Methods: The mycelial materials were characterized using a multidisciplinary approach, including physicochemical properties (morphology, thermal behavior, surface charge, and isoelectric point). Moreover, preclinical properties such as gene expression and in vitro wound healing assay have been evaluated using fibroblasts. Finally, these naturally-grown substrates were applied in vivo using a murine burn/excisional wound model. Conclusions: Both G. lucidum and P. ostreatus mycelia are biocompatible and able to safely and effectively enhance tissue repair in vivo in our preclinical model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Ruggeri
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Dalila Miele
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Contardi
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - Barbara Vigani
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Boselli
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonia Icaro Cornaglia
- Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Suarato
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yap HYY, Ariffeen Rosli MF, Tan SH, Kong BH, Fung SY. The Wound Healing Potential of Lignosus rhinocerus and Other Ethno-myco Wound Healing Agents. MYCOBIOLOGY 2023; 51:1-15. [PMID: 36846625 PMCID: PMC9946334 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2022.2164641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Wound care has become increasingly important over the years. Various synthetic products for wound care treatment have been reported to cause toxic side effects and therefore natural products are in significant demand as they have minimal side effects. The presence of bioactive compounds in medicinal mushrooms contributes to various biological activities which assist in the early inflammatory phase, keratinocyte proliferation, and its migration enhancement which are pertinent to wound rehabilitation. Lignosus rhinocerus (tiger milk mushroom) can reduce the inflammation phase in wound healing by fighting off bacterial infection and modulating pro-inflammatory cytokines expression in the early stage to avoid prolonged inflammation and tissue damage. The antibacterial, immunomodulating, and anti-inflammatory activities exhibited by most macrofungi play a key role in enhancing wound healing. Several antibacterial and antifungal compounds sourced from traditional botanicals/products may prevent further complications and reoccurrence of injury to a wounded site. Scientific studies are actively underway to ascertain the potential use of macrofungi as a wound healing agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yeng Y. Yap
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad Farhan Ariffeen Rosli
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Bandar Saujana Putra, Selangor, Malaysia
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soon-Hao Tan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Boon-Hong Kong
- Centre of Excellence for Research in AIDS (CERiA), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shin-Yee Fung
- Medicinal Mushroom Research Group (MMRG), Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hamidi M, Okoro OV, Rashidi K, Salami MS, Mirzaei Seveiri R, Samadian H, Shavandi A. Evaluation of two fungal exopolysaccharides as potential biomaterials for wound healing applications. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 39:49. [PMID: 36542187 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-022-03459-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Microbial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are mostly produced by bacteria and fungi and have potential use in the production of biomedical products such as nutraceuticals and in tissue engineering applications. The present study investigated the in vitro biological activities and in vivo wound healing effects of EPSs produced from a Sclerotium-forming fungus (Sclerotium glucanicum DSM 2159) and a yeast (Rhodosporidium babjevae), denoted as scleroglucan (Scl) and EPS-R, respectively. EPS yields of 0.9 ± 0.07 g/L and 1.11 ± 0.4 g/L were obtained from S. glucanicum and R. babjevae, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the EPSs were characterized using infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Further investigations of the biological properties showed that both EPSs were cytocompatible toward the human fibroblast cell line and demonstrated hemocompatibility. Favorable wound healing capacities of the EPSs (10 mg/mL) were also established via in vivo tests. The present study therefore showed that the EPSs produced by S. glucanicum and R. babjevae have the potential use as biocompatible components for the promotion of dermal wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Hamidi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Oseweuba Valentine Okoro
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Khodabakhsh Rashidi
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Salami
- Research Center of Oils and Fats, Research Institute for Health Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Rasool Mirzaei Seveiri
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Hadi Samadian
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bioactive compounds from mushrooms: Emerging bioresources of food and nutraceuticals. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
7
|
Sharma N, Tapwal A, Verma R, Kumar D, Nepovimova E, Kuca K. Medicinal, nutritional, and nutraceutical potential of Sparassis crispa s. lat.: a review. IMA Fungus 2022; 13:8. [PMID: 35513833 PMCID: PMC9074205 DOI: 10.1186/s43008-022-00095-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sparassis crispa is an edible mushroom exhibiting a wide range of medicinal properties. It is recognized for therapeutic value because of the high β-glucan content in the basidiomes. The broad range of its reported curative effects include anti-tumour, anti-cancer, immune-enhancing, hematopoietic, anti-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, wound-healing, antioxidant, anti-coagulant, and anti-hypertensive properties. However, most of the studies are conducted on immunomodulatory and anticancer activities. Besides this, it also exhibits anti-microbial properties due to the presence of sparassol. Technology is now available for the cultivation of S. crispa on coniferous sawdust. This review is an attempt to focus on its distribution, taxonomy, chemical composition, medicinal properties, potential applications, and artificial cultivation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Panthaghati, Shimla, 171013, India
| | - Ashwani Tapwal
- Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Panthaghati, Shimla, 171013, India.
| | - Rachna Verma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences , Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India.
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- School of Bioengineering and Food Technology, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences , Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173229, India
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, 50003, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Narrative Review: Bioactive Potential of Various Mushrooms as the Treasure of Versatile Therapeutic Natural Product. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7090728. [PMID: 34575766 PMCID: PMC8466349 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have remained an eternal part of traditional cuisines due to their beneficial health potential and have long been recognized as a folk medicine for their broad spectrum of nutraceuticals, as well as therapeutic and prophylactic uses. Nowadays, they have been extensively investigated to explain the chemical nature and mechanisms of action of their biomedicine and nutraceuticals capacity. Mushrooms belong to the astounding dominion of Fungi and are known as a macrofungus. Significant health benefits of mushrooms, including antiviral, antibacterial, anti-parasitic, antifungal, wound healing, anticancer, immunomodulating, antioxidant, radical scavenging, detoxification, hepatoprotective cardiovascular, anti-hypercholesterolemia, and anti-diabetic effects, etc., have been reported around the globe and have attracted significant interests of its further exploration in commercial sectors. They can function as functional foods, help in the treatment and therapeutic interventions of sub-optimal health states, and prevent some consequences of life-threatening diseases. Mushrooms mainly contained low and high molecular weight polysaccharides, fatty acids, lectins, and glucans responsible for their therapeutic action. Due to the large varieties of mushrooms present, it becomes challenging to identify chemical components present in them and their beneficial action. This article highlights such therapeutic activities with their active ingredients for mushrooms.
Collapse
|
9
|
Barakat M, DiPietro LA, Chen L. Limited Treatment Options for Diabetic Wounds: Barriers to Clinical Translation Despite Therapeutic Success in Murine Models. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2021; 10:436-460. [PMID: 33050829 PMCID: PMC8236303 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2020.1254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Millions of people worldwide suffer from diabetes mellitus and its complications, including chronic diabetic wounds. To date, there are few widely successful clinical therapies specific to diabetic wounds beyond general wound care, despite the vast number of scientific discoveries in the pathogenesis of defective healing in diabetes. Recent Advances: In recent years, murine animal models of diabetes have enabled the investigation of many possible therapeutics for diabetic wound care. These include specific cell types, growth factors, cytokines, peptides, small molecules, plant extracts, microRNAs, extracellular vesicles, novel wound dressings, mechanical interventions, bioengineered materials, and more. Critical Issues: Despite many research discoveries, few have been translated from their success in murine models to clinical use in humans. This massive gap between bench discovery and bedside application begs the simple and critical question: what is still missing? The complexity and multiplicity of the diabetic wound makes it an immensely challenging therapeutic target, and this lopsided progress highlights the need for new methods to overcome the bench-to-bedside barrier. How can laboratory discoveries in animal models be effectively translated to novel clinical therapies for human patients? Future Directions: As research continues to decipher deficient healing in diabetes, new approaches and considerations are required to ensure that these discoveries can become translational, clinically usable therapies. Clinical progress requires the development of new, more accurate models of the human disease state, multifaceted investigations that address multiple critical components in wound repair, and more innovative research strategies that harness both the existing knowledge and the potential of new advances across disciplines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- May Barakat
- Center for Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Luisa A. DiPietro
- Center for Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lin Chen
- Center for Wound Repair and Tissue Regeneration, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Muthuramalingam K, Kim Y, Cho M. β-glucan, "the knight of health sector": critical insights on physiochemical heterogeneities, action mechanisms and health implications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:6908-6931. [PMID: 33819119 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1908221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
β-glucans, the class of biological response modifier has unceasing attention, not only for its immune stimulating but also for its role as prebiotics, modulator of physiological events etc. and is widely used in the treatment of cancer, diabetes, gastrointestinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases etc. However, β-glucan with different physiochemical properties is found to have discrete clinical functions and thus careful selection of the types of β-glucan plays pivotal role in providing significant and expected clinical outcome. Herein this review, we presented the factors responsible for diverse functional properties of β-glucan, their distinct mode of actions in regulating human health etc. Further, clinical aspects of different β-glucans toward the management of wound care, metabolic dysbiosis, fatty liver disorders and endurance training associated energy metabolism were compiled and exhibited in detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karthika Muthuramalingam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmee Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonjae Cho
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology & Science, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Motta F, Gershwin ME, Selmi C. Mushrooms and immunity. J Autoimmun 2020; 117:102576. [PMID: 33276307 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the wide field of nutraceuticals, the effects of mushrooms on immunity, cancer and including autoimmunity have been proposed for centuries but in recent years a growing interest has led scientists to elucidate which specific compounds have bioactive properties and through which mechanisms. Glucans and specific proteins are responsible for most of the biological effects of mushrooms, particularly in terms of immunomodulatory and anti-tumor results. Proteins with bioactive effects include lectins, fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs), ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs), ribonucleases, laccases, among others. At the present status of knowledge, numerous studies have been performed on cell lines and murine models while only a few clinical trials have been conducted. As in most cases of dietary components, the multitude of variables implicated in the final effect and an inadequate standardization are expected to affect the observed differences, thus making the available evidence insufficient to justify the treatment of human diseases with mushrooms extracts. We will herein provide a comprehensive review and critically discussion the biochemical changes induced by different mushroom compounds as observed in in vitro studies, particularly on macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and NK cells, compared to in vivo and human studies. Additional effects are represented by lipids which constitute a minor part of mushrooms but may have a role in reducing serum cholesterol levels or phenols acting as antioxidant and reducing agents. Human studies provide a minority of available data, as well illustrated by a placebo-controlled study of athletes treated with β-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus. Variables influencing study outcomes include different mushrooms strains, growing conditions, developmental stage, part of mushroom used, extraction method, and storage conditions. We foresee that future rigorous research will be needed to determine the potential of mushroom compounds for human health to reproduce the effects of some compounds such as lentinan which a metaanalysis demonstrated to increase the efficacy of chemotherapy in the treatment of lung cancer and in the improvement of the patients quality of life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Motta
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center IRCCS, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang X, Bao H, Bau T. Investigation of the possible mechanism of two kinds of sterols extracted from Leucocalocybe mongolica in inducing HepG2 cell apoptosis and exerting anti-tumor effects in H22 tumor-bearing mice. Steroids 2020; 163:108692. [PMID: 32645329 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2020.108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Sterols are one of the main components of medicinal fungi with an anti-tumor effect. In this study, ergosta-4, 6, 8(14), 22-tetraen-3-one (ET) and (22E, 24R)-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (ED) were obtained from Leucocalocybe mongolica and were used for the first time to study their ability to induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells and their anti-tumor effects and related mechanism in H22 tumor-bearing mice. METHOD The chemical structures were defined by IR and NMR. In vitro, the CCK8 assay was used as a cytotoxicity assay. Flow cytometry was used for the HepG-2 cell apoptosis analysis, which was examined via annexin V-FITC/PI double staining, and the related expression levels of the apoptosis-associated proteins were determined by western blot analysis. In vivo, ICR male mice were randomly assigned to eight groups: the model group, CTX (25 mg/kg/d) group, and ET and ED groups, which were treated with three different concentrations of each compound (0.025, 0.05, and 0.1 mmol/kg/d). Relevant biochemical indicators were detected by ELISA assay, H & E staining, TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical staining and western blot. RESULTS In vitro, ET and ED showed significant cytotoxic effects against HepG2, MCF-7, and HeLa cells, especially HepG-2 cells, and both ED and ET demonstrated a good effect in inhibiting the proliferation of HepG-2 cells. In vivo, ET and ED significantly decreased the tumor volume and VEGF levels but increased the serum cytokine levels of IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α. H & E staining, TUNEL assay, immunohistochemical analysis, and western blotting indicated that the both ET and ED exhibited anti-tumor activity in vivo by promoting apoptosis and inhibiting angiogenesis. CONCLUSION These results indicated that both ET and ED have a strong inhibitory effect on the proliferation of HepG-2 cells in vitro and an anti-H22 tumor effect in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China; Changchun Science-Technology University, Changchun 130600, China
| | - Haiying Bao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Tolgor Bau
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Fungal Resources and Development and Utilization, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sharifi-Rad J, Butnariu M, Ezzat SM, Adetunji CO, Imran M, Sobhani SR, Tufail T, Hosseinabadi T, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Martorell M, Maroyi A, Martins N. Mushrooms-Rich Preparations on Wound Healing: From Nutritional to Medicinal Attributes. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:567518. [PMID: 33041809 PMCID: PMC7525158 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.567518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have a significant role in human diet as functional food and as a nutraceutical resource. The combination of its umami flavor, protein, vitamins, minerals and carbohydrates has meant that mushrooms could be considered a cheap food source for a long time in many countries. Moreover, mushrooms contain an excellent variety of bioactive metabolites that can be successful in both prevention and treatment of various human health hazards. In addition, extracts from medicinal mushrooms and their metabolites have been verified for wound treating with contribution to different mechanisms of the healing process. This review summarizes the nutritional value and composition of mushrooms, ethnobiology and ethnopharmacology, and wound healing potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania", Timisoara, Romania
| | - Shahira M Ezzat
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 6th of October, Dokki, Egypt
| | - Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji
- Applied Microbiology, Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Edo University Iyamho, Auchi, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Seyyed Reza Sobhani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tabussam Tufail
- Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Tahereh Hosseinabadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Karina Ramírez-Alarcón
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Miquel Martorell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Centre for Healthy Living, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.,Unidad de Desarrollo Tecnológico, UDT, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Alfred Maroyi
- Department of Botany, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Natália Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Taofiq O, Barreiro MF, Ferreira ICFR. The Role of Bioactive Compounds and other Metabolites from Mushrooms against Skin Disorders- A Systematic Review Assessing their Cosmeceutical and Nutricosmetic Outcomes. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:6926-6965. [PMID: 32238131 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200402100157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive compounds derived from mushrooms have been shown to present promising potential as cosmeceutical or nutricosmetic ingredients. Scientific data reviewed herein showed that extracts prepared from medicinal and edible mushrooms and their individual metabolites presented antiinflammatory, antioxidant, photoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-tyrosinase, anti-elastase, and anticollagenase activities. These metabolites can be utilised as ingredients to suppress the severity of Inflammatory Skin Diseases, offer photoprotection to the skin, and correct Hyperpigmentation. However, studies regarding the molecular mechanism behind the mentioned bioactivities are still lacking. Challenges associated with the use of mushroom extracts and their associated metabolites as cosmeceutical and nutricosmetic ingredients include several steps from the fruiting bodies to the final product: extraction optimization, estimation of the efficacy and safety claims, the use of micro and nanocarriers to allow for controlled release and the pros and cons associated with the use of extracts vs individual compounds. This systematic review highlights that mushrooms contain diverse biomolecules that can be sustainably used in the development of nutricosmetic and cosmeceutical formulations. Reports regarding stability, compatibility, and safety assessment, but also toxicological studies are still needed to be considered. Furthermore, some of the constraints and limitations hindering the development of this type of ingredients still require long-term studies to achieve major breakthroughs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oludemi Taofiq
- Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
| | - Maria Filomena Barreiro
- Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigacao de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politecnico de Braganca, Campus de Santa Apolonia, 5300-253 Braganca, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Combination of Beta Glucan, Honey and Chlorhexidine in the Wound Management in a Cat a Case Report. FOLIA VETERINARIA 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/fv-2019-0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Wound management is one of the oldest and one of the most frequent therapeutic activities in medicine. Over the centuries there has been described and tested many therapeutic substances for the treatment of wounds with various effects. Due to the discovery of antibiotics, a wound management regime used to be limited only to a local application. Over years, it has been shown, that comprehensive therapy which uses only antibacterial preparations, also may contain some negative points (resistance of aggressive pathogens, toxicity, allergic reactions, etc.). According to studies, the best solution to this problem is a local application, using preparations that ensure the sterility of the affected parts of the skin, and the utilization of agents that are able to accelerate the granulation and lead to the healing process of the wound. Products that contain beta glucan combined with a gentle but effective antiseptics (chlorhexidine digluconate), or natural substance with antiseptic and also nourishment effect (honey), are very beneficial in wound management. A good penetration of active agents, the ability to moisturize defective tissues, and to make a protective film that hinder the intersection of impurities and decrease secondary contamination, are the benefits of a gel formulation, that is the most appropriate external form of application in veterinary practice that can improve and accelerate a successful healing process of wounds in animals.
Collapse
|
16
|
Dubey SK, Chaturvedi VK, Mishra D, Bajpeyee A, Tiwari A, Singh MP. Role of edible mushroom as a potent therapeutics for the diabetes and obesity. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:450. [PMID: 31832297 PMCID: PMC6856246 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1982-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes and obesity are the most frequently found disease worldwide. Several factors are responsible for obesity, i.e., imbalance in energy expenditure, environmental factors, feeding habit, lifestyle, etc., which can also be responsible for type 2 diabetes mellitus. There are several synthetic drugs available to combat these diseases which have some side effects on sufferers. Therefore, people are shifting towards inexpensive, effective, widely available natural and herbal medicines. Edible mushrooms, which have been used from ancient time to cure these diseases, contain anti-oxidant, fibers, triterpenoids, alkaloid, and other phytochemicals. Comatin, β-glucan, Tremellastin, and Lentinan KS-2 are active chemicals of mushrooms which show great effect on diabetes mellitus and obesity by modulating either cellular function or biochemical pathways. Here, in this review, we have discussed the potential role of edible mushrooms and its biochemicals in control of diabetes and obesity. Using Bioinformatics, we can find the specific targets of theses biochemicals, so that these can be more effective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil K. Dubey
- Centre of Biotechnology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS), University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002 India
| | - Vivek K. Chaturvedi
- Centre of Biotechnology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS), University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002 India
| | - Divya Mishra
- Centre of Bioinformatics, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS), University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002 India
| | - Anand Bajpeyee
- Centre of Biotechnology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS), University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002 India
| | - Aprajita Tiwari
- Centre of Biotechnology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS), University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002 India
| | - M. P. Singh
- Centre of Biotechnology, Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies (IIDS), University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211002 India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dos Santos Voloski AP, de Figueiredo Soveral L, Dazzi CC, Sutili F, Frandoloso R, Kreutz LC. β-Glucan improves wound healing in silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:575-579. [PMID: 31398396 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The immune modulating activity of β-glucan on aquatic species has been a matter of intense investigation. Here, we aimed to investigate the effect of β-glucan on wound healing of silver catfish, a Neotropical South American scale-free fish. Small sections of skin and muscle (3 mm in diameter) were removed and fish were bathed daily with β-glucan (0.1% and 0.5%) up to 28 days when cicatrization was complete. A group of fish similarly injured and non-exposed to β-glucan was used as control. Wound closure and healing was monitored visually and by histopathological analysis. In fish bathed with 0.5% β-glucan we found reduced blood cortisol levels at day one post-wounding and, by day 7 post wounding, the deposition of granulation tissue was higher compared to non-exposed fish. In addition, from day 7 forward, wound size was significantly lower in fish bathed with 0.5% β-glucan. Histopathological analysis of the wounded site indicated a thin layer of immature epidermal cells at day one post wounding. A discrete inflammation with mixed inflammatory cell infiltrate was observed on wounded muscle and was lower by day 7 post wounding on fish bathed with 0.5% β-glucan. By day 14 post wounding, the deposition of collagen fibers and the presence of fibroblast and new muscle fibers were higher in fish exposed to 0.5% β-glucan, and dermis restoration was complete. Thus, our results indicate that in silver catfish wound healing occurs rapidly and improves greatly by daily bathing with β-glucan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Dos Santos Voloski
- Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAMV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada - Prédio G3. Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 292, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas de Figueiredo Soveral
- Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAMV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada - Prédio G3. Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 292, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Cerutti Dazzi
- Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAMV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada - Prédio G3. Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 292, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernando Sutili
- Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAMV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada - Prédio G3. Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 292, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Frandoloso
- Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAMV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada - Prédio G3. Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 292, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Carlos Kreutz
- Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária (FAMV), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioexperimentação, Laboratório de Microbiologia e Imunologia Avançada - Prédio G3. Campus I, Bairro São José, BR 282, km 292, CEP 99052-900, Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Patel S, Srivastava S, Singh MR, Singh D. Mechanistic insight into diabetic wounds: Pathogenesis, molecular targets and treatment strategies to pace wound healing. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 112:108615. [PMID: 30784919 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 416] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Wound management in diabetic patient is of an extreme clinical and social concern. The delayed and impaired healing makes it more critical for research focus. The research on impaired healing process is proceeding hastily evident by new therapeutic approaches other than conventional such as single growth factor, dual growth factor, skin substitutes, cytokine stimulators, cytokine inhibitors, matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors, gene and stem cell therapy, extracellular matrix and angiogenesis stimulators. Although numerous studies are available that support delayed wound healing in diabetes but detailed mechanistic insight including factors involved and their role still needs to be revealed. This review mainly focuses on the molecular cascades of cytokines (with growth factors) and erstwhile factors responsible for delayed wound healing, molecular targets and recent advancements in complete healing and its cure. Present article briefed recent pioneering information on possible molecular targets and treatment strategies including clinical trials to clinicians and researchers working in similar area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satish Patel
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010, Raipur, C.G., India
| | - Shikha Srivastava
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010, Raipur, C.G., India
| | - Manju Rawat Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010, Raipur, C.G., India
| | - Deependra Singh
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010, Raipur, C.G., India.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
de Oliveira CAF, Vetvicka V, Zanuzzo FS. β-Glucan successfully stimulated the immune system in different jawed vertebrate species. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 62:1-6. [PMID: 30711038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Several reports have shown the positive effects of β-glucans on the immune. Howeverthese studies have a broad experimental design including β-glucans compounds. Consequently, a study using the same β-glucan molecule, administration route and experimental design is needed to compare the effects of β-glucan across vertebrate species. For this end, during 28 days we fed four different vertebrate species: mice, dogs, piglets and chicks, with two β-glucan molecules (BG01 and BG02). We measured the serum interleukin 2 as an indicator of innate immune response, the neutrophils and monocytes phagocytosis index as a cellular response and antibody formation as an adaptive response. The results clearly showed that the different β-glucan molecules exhibited biologically differently behaviors, but both molecules stimulate the immune system in a similar pattern in these four species. This finding suggests that vertebrates shared similar mechanisms/patterns in recognizing the β-glucans and confirms the benefits of β-glucans across different vertebrate species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A F de Oliveira
- Department of Research and Development, Biorigin Company, Fazenda São José s/n, 17290-000 Macatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vaclav Vetvicka
- University of Louisville, Department of Pathology, Louisville, KY, USA.
| | - Fábio S Zanuzzo
- Department of Research and Development, Biorigin Company, Fazenda São José s/n, 17290-000 Macatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Khan AA, Gani A, Khanday FA, Masoodi F. Biological and pharmaceutical activities of mushroom β-glucan discussed as a potential functional food ingredient. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcdf.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
22
|
Simultaneous determination of the bioactive compounds from Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) by HPLC-DAD and their inhibitory effects on LPS-stimulated cytokine production in bone marrow-derived dendritic cell. Arch Pharm Res 2018; 41:823-829. [PMID: 30039376 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-018-1054-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) belonging to the family of Sparassidaceae, has been widely used as an edible mushroom due to its unique flavor and functions to improve health. In this study, the compounds isolated from the extract of this mushroom were simultaneously quantified by the developed HPLC-DAD method and evaluated for the inhibitory activities on the production of the LPS-stimulated cytokines (IL-12p40, IL-6, and TNF-α) in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). The contents of this compounds were 0.1928 ± 0.0118, 4.4137 ± 0.0240, 0.5237 ± 0.0005, 2.7303 ± 0.0206 mg/g for sparoside A (1), methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-6-methylbenzoate (2), sparalide A (3), and 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (4), respectively, which demonstrated that they are the major constituents of this mushroom. Thus, our results were found that the sparoside A (1), 5-hydroxy-7-methoxyphthalide (6), 5-methoxy-7-hydroxyphthalide (7), nicotinamide (10), and adenosine (11) inhibit LPS-stimualted cytokine production, compound 6 is the most potent inhibitory activities on the production of IL-12p40, IL-6, and TNF-α with IC50 values of 0.19, 0.18, and 0.91 μM, respectively.
Collapse
|
23
|
Parmar KM, Shende PR, Katare N, Dhobi M, Prasad SK. Wound healing potential of Solanum xanthocarpum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 70:1389-1400. [PMID: 29984407 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of the present study was to evaluate wound healing potential of Solanum xanthocarpum extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Alcoholic extract of the aerial parts (ESX) was subjected to phytochemical estimations and its standardization with chlorogenic acid using HPLC. ESX was then evaluated for wound healing potential in, streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats using excision and incision wound models on topical and oral treatment Various biochemical evaluations, such as collagen, hexosamine, hyaluronic acid, protein, DNA along with antioxidant parameters, proinflammatory cytokines, VEGF and histopathological examination were also evaluated. KEY FINDINGS Extract of S. xanthocarpum depicted the presence of mainly alkaloids, polyphenols, steroids, while content of chlorogenic acid was found to be 8.44% w/w. The maximum effective nature of ESX in healing was observed at 10% gel (topical) and 200 mg/kg (orally) in diabetic rats, where highest healing power was observed when treated both orally and topically. Biochemical evaluations showed significant increase in the levels of collagen, hexosamine, hyaluronic acid, protein, DNA followed by significant decline in the levels of blood glucose, lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and expression of proinflammatory cytokines, supported by histopathology. CONCLUSIONS The potential healing effect in diabetic rats may be attributed to the presence of chlorogenic acid in combination with other phytoconstituents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Komal M Parmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka R Shende
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nitin Katare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mahaveer Dhobi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India
| | - Satyendra K Prasad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Effects of Sparassis crispa in Medical Therapeutics: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051487. [PMID: 29772715 PMCID: PMC5983641 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the therapeutic potential and medical applications of Sparassis crispa (S. crispa) by conducting a systematic review of the existing literature and performing a meta-analysis. The original efficacy treatment of the mushroom extract is considered primarily and searched in electronic databases. A total of 623 articles were assessed, 33 randomized controlled experiments were included after the manual screening, and some papers, review articles, or editorials that did not contain data were excluded. A comparative standard means difference (SMD) and a funnel plot between control and S. crispa groups were used as parameters to demonstrate the beneficial effects of S. crispa for diabetes and cancer treatment, as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal and antioxidant activities. The meta-analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.1 software. Although for therapeutic diabetes there was heterogeneity in the subgroup analysis (I2 = 91.9%), the overall results showed statistically significant SMDs in major symptoms that decreased serum insulin levels (SMD = 1.92, 95% CI (1.10, 2.75), I2 = 0%), wound rates (SMD = 3.55 (2.56, 4.54), I2 = 40%) and contributions to an increase in nutrient intake content (SMD = 0.32 (−0.15, 0.78), I2 = 0%). Simultaneously, the study confirmed the utility of S. crispa treatment in terms of not only anti-cancer activity (reduction of tumor activity and survival of cancer cells I2 = 42 and 34%, respectively) but also anti-inflammatory, anti-fungal and antioxidant activities (I2 = 50, 44, and 10%, respectively). Our findings suggest that S. crispa extracts are useful for prevention and treatment of human diseases and might be the best candidates for future medicines.
Collapse
|
25
|
De Novo Sequencing of a Sparassis latifolia Genome and Its Associated Comparative Analyses. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES & MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2018; 2018:1857170. [PMID: 29682127 PMCID: PMC5845502 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1857170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Known to be rich in β-glucan, Sparassis latifolia (S. latifolia) is a valuable edible fungus cultivated in East Asia. A few studies have suggested that S. latifolia is effective on antidiabetic, antihypertension, antitumor, and antiallergen medications. However, it is still unclear genetically why the fungus has these medical effects, which has become a key bottleneck for its further applications. To provide a better understanding of this fungus, we sequenced its whole genome, which has a total size of 48.13 megabases (Mb) and contains 12,471 predicted gene models. We then performed comparative and phylogenetic analyses, which indicate that S. latifolia is closely related to a few species in the antrodia clade including Fomitopsis pinicola, Wolfiporia cocos, Postia placenta, and Antrodia sinuosa. Finally, we annotated the predicted genes. Interestingly, the S. latifolia genome encodes most enzymes involved in carbohydrate and glycoconjugate metabolism and is also enriched in genes encoding enzymes critical to secondary metabolite biosynthesis and involved in indole, terpene, and type I polyketide pathways. As a conclusion, the genome content of S. latifolia sheds light on its genetic basis of the reported medicinal properties and could also be used as a reference genome for comparative studies on fungi.
Collapse
|
26
|
Kaliyaperumal M, Kezo K, Gunaseelan S. A Global Overview of Edible Mushrooms. Fungal Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-02622-6_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
27
|
Bang S, Chae HS, Lee C, Choi HG, Ryu J, Li W, Lee H, Jeong GS, Chin YW, Shim SH. New Aromatic Compounds from the Fruiting Body of Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) and Their Inhibitory Activities on Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 mRNA Expression. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:6152-6157. [PMID: 28689410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b02657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Successive chromatography of EtOAc-soluble extracts of the fruiting body of Sparassis crispa (Wulf.) resulted in isolation of four new aromatic compounds, sparoside A (1) and sparalides A-C (3-5), two new naturally occurring compounds, 2 and 6, and eight known compounds, 7-14. The chemical structures were determined by interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry spectroscopic data. Extract, solvent-soluble fractions of the extract, and all of the pure compounds isolated from the fractions were subjected to the mRNA expression assay for proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Among them, sparoside A (1), hanabiratakelide A (8), adenosine (11), and 5α,6α-epoxy-(22E,24R)-ergosta-8(14),22-diene-3β,7β-diol (14) exhibited potent inhibitory activities on PCSK9 mRNA expression, with IC50 values of 20.07, 7.18, 18.46, and 8.23 μM, respectively (berberine, positive control, IC50 = 8.04 μM), suggesting that compounds 1, 8, 11, and 14 are suitable for use in supplements to the statins for hyperlipidemia treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunghee Bang
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University , Samyang-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sung Chae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul , 32 Dongguk-lo, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Changyeol Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University , Samyang-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Gyu Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University , Samyang-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Ryu
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University , Samyang-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| | - Wei Li
- Korea Medicine Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine , Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanna Lee
- National Development Institute of Korean Medicine , Gyeongsan 38540, Republic of Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University , Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University-Seoul , 32 Dongguk-lo, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hee Shim
- College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University , Samyang-ro, Dobong-gu, Seoul 01369, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tombulturk FK, Kasap M, Tuncdemir M, Polat E, Sirekbasan S, Kanli A, Kanigur-Sultuybek G. Effects of Lucilia sericata on wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and analysis of its secretome at the proteome level. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327117714041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The use of Lucilia sericata larvae on the healing of wounds in diabetics has been reported. However, the role of the excretion/secretion (ES) products of the larvae in treatment of diabetic wounds remains unknown. This study investigated whether application of the ES products of L. sericata on the wound surface could improve the impaired wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Additional analysis was performed to understand proteome content of L. sericata secretome to understand ES contribution at the molecular level. For this purpose, full-thickness skin wounds were created on the backs of diabetic and control rats. A study was conducted to assess the levels of the ES-induced collagen I/III expression and to assay nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) (p65) activity in wound biopsies and ES-treated wounds of diabetic rat skin in comparison to the controls. The expression levels of collagen I/III and NF-κB (p65) activity were determined at days 3, 7, and 14 after wounding using immunohistological analyses and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The results indicated that treatment with the ES extract increased collagen I expressions of the wound control and diabetic tissue. But the increase in collagen I expression in the controls was higher than the one in the diabetics. NF-κB (p65) activity was also increased in diabetic wounds compared to the controls, whereas it was decreased in third and seventh days upon ES treatment. The results indicated that ES products of L. sericata may enhance the process of wound healing by influencing phases such as inflammation, NF-κB (p65) activity, collagen synthesis, and wound contraction. These findings may provide new insights into understanding of therapeutic potential of ES in wound healing in diabetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- FK Tombulturk
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Istinye University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - M Kasap
- Department of Medical Biology/Proteomics Laboratory, Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - M Tuncdemir
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Polat
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - S Sirekbasan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Biotherapy Research and Development Laboratory, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - A Kanli
- Department of Medical Biology/Proteomics Laboratory, Kocaeli University Medical Faculty, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - G Kanigur-Sultuybek
- Department of Medical Biology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
da Cunha MA, Albornoz S, Queiroz Santos V, Sánchez W, Barbosa-Dekker A, Dekker R. Structure and Biological Functions of d -Glucans and Their Applications. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63930-1.00009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
30
|
Friedman M. Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties in Cells, Rodents, and Humans. Foods 2016; 5:E80. [PMID: 28231175 PMCID: PMC5302426 DOI: 10.3390/foods5040080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
More than 2000 species of edible and/or medicinal mushrooms have been identified to date, many of which are widely consumed, stimulating much research on their health-promoting properties. These properties are associated with bioactive compounds produced by the mushrooms, including polysaccharides. Although β-glucans (homopolysaccharides) are believed to be the major bioactive polysaccharides of mushrooms, other types of mushroom polysaccharides (heteropolysaccharides) also possess biological properties. Here we survey the chemistry of such health-promoting polysaccharides and their reported antiobesity and antidiabetic properties as well as selected anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects that demonstrate their multiple health-promoting potential. The associated antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating activities in fat cells, rodents, and humans are also discussed. The mechanisms of action involve the gut microbiota, meaning the polysaccharides act as prebiotics in the digestive system. Also covered here are the nutritional, functional food, clinical, and epidemiological studies designed to assess the health-promoting properties of polysaccharides, individually and as blended mixtures, against obesity, diabetes, cancer, and infectious diseases, and suggestions for further research. The collated information and suggested research needs might guide further studies needed for a better understanding of the health-promoting properties of mushroom polysaccharides and enhance their use to help prevent and treat human chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mendel Friedman
- Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Choi JH, Lee HJ, Kim S. Purification and antithrombotic activity of wulfase, a fibrinolytic enzyme from the fruit bodies of the edible and medicinal mushroom Sparassis crispa Wulf. ex. Fr. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s000368381606003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
32
|
Meng X, Liang H, Luo L. Antitumor polysaccharides from mushrooms: a review on the structural characteristics, antitumor mechanisms and immunomodulating activities. Carbohydr Res 2016; 424:30-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
33
|
Gąsecka M, Mleczek M, Siwulski M, Niedzielski P. Phenolic composition and antioxidant properties of Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus eryngii enriched with selenium and zinc. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2580-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
34
|
Pyun DG, Choi HJ, Yoon HS, Thambi T, Lee DS. Polyurethane foam containing rhEGF as a dressing material for healing diabetic wounds: Synthesis, characterization, in vitro and in vivo studies. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 135:699-706. [PMID: 26340359 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic wounds are a major health issue associated with diabetes mellitus. To surmount this issue, we developed polyurethane foams (PUFs) incorporating varying amounts of recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) (rhEGF-PUFs) as a wound dressing for diabetic wounds. From electron microscopy images, it was found that the pore size of the rhEGF-PUFs surface (the wound contact layer) was less than 100μm, regardless of rhEGF content. The release of rhEGF from the PUFs was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The result showed that the release of rhEGF was time and concentration dependent, i.e., the amount of released rhEGF significantly increased as the immersion time and the rhEGF content of the PUFs increased. In vitro cytotoxicity testing showed that rhEGF-PUFs increased the viability of HaCaT human keratinocytes and CCD986-sk human fibroblasts, which indicated that the incorporated rhEGF maintained its biological activity. In an in vitro scratch wound healing assay, the wound closure rate was faster in CCD986-sk human fibroblasts than in HaCaT human keratinocytes. Finally, the rhEGF-PUFs were evaluated as an in vivo treatment in a full-thickness wound model in diabetized Sprague-Dawley rats. The result indicated that compared with PUFs, rhEGF-PUFs accelerated wound healing by promoting wound contraction, re-epithelialization, collagen deposition and the formation of a skin appendage. These findings demonstrate that rhEGF-PUFs are a promising dressing for diabetic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Do Gi Pyun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jun Choi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Soon Yoon
- Biomedical Polymer R&D Institute, T&L, Co., Ltd., Anseong 456-812, Republic of Korea
| | - Thavasyappan Thambi
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
|
36
|
Kim EJ, Yoo KH, Kim YS, Seok SJ, Kim JH. Biological Activities of Wild Sparassis crispa Extracts. 한국균학회지 2015. [DOI: 10.4489/kjm.2015.43.1.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
37
|
Mushrooms: a potential natural source of anti-inflammatory compounds for medical applications. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:805841. [PMID: 25505823 PMCID: PMC4258329 DOI: 10.1155/2014/805841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
For centuries, macrofungi have been used as food and medicine in different parts of the world. This is mainly attributed to their nutritional value as a potential source of carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and minerals. In addition, they also include many bioactive metabolites which make mushrooms and truffles common components in folk medicine, especially in Africa, the Middle East, China, and Japan. The reported medicinal effects of mushrooms include anti-inflammatory effects, with anti-inflammatory compounds of mushrooms comprising a highly diversified group in terms of their chemical structure. They include polysaccharides, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and many other low molecular weight molecules. The aims of this review are to report the different types of bioactive metabolites and their relevant producers, as well as the different mechanisms of action of mushroom compounds as potent anti-inflammatory agents.
Collapse
|
38
|
Minjares-Fuentes R, Femenia A, Garau M, Meza-Velázquez J, Simal S, Rosselló C. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of pectins from grape pomace using citric acid: A response surface methodology approach. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 106:179-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
39
|
Orally and Topically AdministeredSparassis crispa(Hanabiratake) Improved Healing of Skin Wounds in Mice with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2014; 77:1303-5. [DOI: 10.1271/bbb.121016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
|
40
|
Farooq MU, Shoji Ohga AC. Vegetative Development of <i>Sparassis crispa</i> in Various Growth Conditions and Effect of Electric Pulse Simulation on Its Fruit Body Production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/aim.2014.45033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
41
|
Zykova SN, Balandina KA, Vorokhobina NV, Kuznetsova AV, Engstad R, Zykova TA. Macrophage stimulating agent soluble yeast β-1,3/1,6-glucan as a topical treatment of diabetic foot and leg ulcers: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled phase II study. J Diabetes Investig 2013; 5:392-9. [PMID: 25411598 PMCID: PMC4210076 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Dysregulated inflammatory response is believed to be an important factor in the pathogenesis of several late complications of diabetes mellitus. β-Glucans are potent inducers of immune function. The present randomized, double blind, two-center, placebo-controlled study was undertaken to explore safety, tolerability and efficacy of soluble β-1,3/1,6-glucan (SBG) as a local treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes and lower extremity ulcers (Wagner grade 1-2, Ankle/Brachial Index ≥0.7) received SBG or a comparator product (methylcellulose) locally three times weekly up to 12 weeks in addition to conventional management scheme. A total of 54 patients completed the study. RESULTS A tendency for shorter median time to complete healing in the SBG group was observed (36 vs 63 days, P = 0.130). Weekly percentage reduction in ulcer size was significantly higher in the SBG group than in the methylcellulose group between weeks 1-2, 3-4 and 5-6 (P < 0.05). The proportion of ulcers healed by week 12 was also in favor of SBG (59% vs 37%, P = 0.09), with a significantly higher healing incidence in the SBG group at week 8 (44% vs 17%, P = 0.03). SBG was safe and well tolerated. There was a clinically significant difference regarding the incidence of serious adverse events in favor of the SBG treatment. CONCLUSIONS Local treatment of diabetic lower extremity ulcers with β-1,3/1,6-polyglucose shows good safety results. This β-glucan preparation shows promising potential as a treatment accelerating cutaneous healing. Further studies are required to confirm this effect. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT00288392).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natalia V Vorokhobina
- North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov Saint-Petersburg Russia
| | - Alla V Kuznetsova
- North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov Saint-Petersburg Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Polysaccharides-Rich Extract of Ganoderma lucidum (M.A. Curtis:Fr.) P. Karst Accelerates Wound Healing in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:671252. [PMID: 24348715 PMCID: PMC3857811 DOI: 10.1155/2013/671252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Ganoderma lucidum (M.A. Curtis:Fr.) P. Karst is a popular medicinal mushroom. Scientific reports had shown that the wound healing effects of G. lucidum were partly attributed to its rich polysaccharides. However, little attention has been paid to its potential effects on wounds associated with diabetes mellitus. In this study, we evaluated the wound healing activity of the hot aqueous extract of G. lucidum in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The extract of G. lucidum was standardised based on chemical contents (w/w) of total polysaccharides (25.1%), ganoderic acid A (0.45%), and adenosine (0.069%). Six groups of six rats were experimentally wounded in the posterior neck region. Intrasite gel was used as a positive control and aqueous cream as the placebo. Topical application with 10% (w/w) of mushroom extract-incorporated aqueous cream was more effective than that with Intrasite gel in terms of wound closure. The antioxidant activity in serum of rats treated with aqueous extract of G. lucidum was significantly higher; whereas the oxidative protein products and lipid damage were lower when compared to those of the controls. These findings strongly support the beneficial effects of standardised aqueous extract of G. lucidum in accelerating wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
Collapse
|
43
|
Pérez Gutiérrez RM, Muñiz Ramirez A. Hexane extract of the seeds of Byrsonima crassifolia accelerates wound healing in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Chin J Integr Med 2013. [PMID: 24242135 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-013-1556-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJETIVE To study the effect of seeds of Byrsonima crassifolia in diabetic wound healing. METHODS Wound healing potential of hexane extract in the form of simple ointment for the treatment of dermal wounds was studied in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats on excision wound, incision wound and dead space wound. Various parameters such as epithelization period, scar area, tensile strength, hydroxyproline, total protein, DNA, hexosamine, uronic acid, antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase activity (CAT) were used to evaluate the effect of B. crassifolia on wound healing. RESULTS Hexane extract in form topical accelerates the wound healing process by decreasing the surface area of the wound with a significant increase in the rate of wound contraction and tensile strength; increase granulation tissue dry weight, hydroxyproline, total protein, DNA and SOD and CAT when compared with diabetic control. CONCLUSION B. crassifolia was effective in promoting diabetic wound healing in rats through the processes of tissue regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Martha Pérez Gutiérrez
- Research Laboratory of Natural Products, School of Chemical Engineering and Extractive Industries, National Polytechnic Institute, Unidad Profesional Adolfo Lopez Mateos, Zacatenco, CP 07758, Mexico D.F.,
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Sparassis crispa (Hanabiratake) ameliorates skin conditions in rats and humans. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2013; 77:1961-3. [PMID: 24018675 DOI: 10.1271/bbb.130185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Sparassis crispa (SC) is an edible mushroom with various medicinal properties. In this study, we investigated to determine whether SC would affect skin conditions in rats and humans. Oral administration of SC increased both turnover of the stratum corneum and dermal soluble collagen content in collagen synthetic activity-reduced model rats. To investigate the effects of oral intake of SC in humans, we performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. We found that cheek transepidermal water loss was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group at 4 weeks of ingestion. This study suggests that SC is effective and safe for the improvement of skin conditions.
Collapse
|
45
|
Przybylska-Diaz DA, Schmidt JG, Vera-Jiménez NI, Steinhagen D, Nielsen ME. β-glucan enriched bath directly stimulates the wound healing process in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 35:998-1006. [PMID: 23770625 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and well-organized process in which physiological factors and immune mechanisms are involved. A number of different immune modulators have been found to enhance the non-specific defence system in vertebrates, among which β-glucans are the most powerful and extensively investigated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological impact of two different commercially available β glucan containing products on the wound healing process in carp. Throughout a two week experiment fish were kept either untreated (control), or in water supplemented with the two different types of β-glucans. The wound healing process was monitored using a multispectral visualisation system. The correlation between wound closure and immune response was investigated by measuring the gene expression patterns of IL-1β, IL-6 family member M17, IL-8 and Muc5b, and measurement of production of radical oxygen species. PAMPs/DAMPs stimulation caused by the wounding and or β-glucans resulted in an inflammatory response by activating IL-1β, IL-6 family member M17 and IL-8 and differences in the expression pattern were seen depending on stimuli. IL-1β, IL-6 family member M17 and IL-8 were activated in all wounds regardless of treatment. Expression of all three interleukins was highly up regulated in control wounded muscle already at day 1 post-wounding and decreased at subsequent time-points. The reverse was the case with control wounded skin, where expression increased from day 1 through day 14. The results for the β-glucan treated wounds were more complex. The images showed significantly faster wound contraction in both treated groups compared to the control. The obtained results clearly demonstrated that a β glucan enriched bath promotes the closure of wounds in common carp and induce a local change in cytokine expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D A Przybylska-Diaz
- DTU Food, National Food Institute, Biological Quality Research Group, Mørkhøj Bygade 19, DK 2860 Søborg, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Choi WS, Shin PG, Bok YY, Jun NH, Kim GD. Anti-inflammatory effects of Sparassis crispa extracts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.14480/jm.2013.11.1.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
47
|
Natural products and biological activity of the pharmacologically active cauliflower mushroom Sparassis crispa. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:982317. [PMID: 23586068 PMCID: PMC3613060 DOI: 10.1155/2013/982317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sparassis crispa, also known as cauliflower mushroom, is an edible mushroom with medicinal properties. Its cultivation became popular in Japan about 10 years ago, a phenomenon that has been attributed not only to the quality of its taste, but also to its potential for therapeutic applications. Herein, I present a comprehensive summary of the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of action of its bioactive components, such as beta-glucan, and other physiologically active substances. In particular, the immunomodulatory mechanisms of the beta-glucan components are presented herein in detail.
Collapse
|
48
|
Thiersch M, Rimann M, Panagiotopoulou V, Öztürk E, Biedermann T, Textor M, Lühmann TC, Hall H. The angiogenic response to PLL-g-PEG-mediated HIF-1α plasmid DNA delivery in healthy and diabetic rats. Biomaterials 2013; 34:4173-4182. [PMID: 23465832 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Impaired angiogenesis is a major clinical problem and affects wound healing especially in diabetic patients. Improving angiogenesis is a reasonable strategy to increase diabetes-impaired wound healing. Recently, our lab described a system of transient gene expression due to pegylated poly-l-lysine (PLL-g-PEG) polymer-mediated plasmid DNA delivery in vitro. Here we synthesized peptide-modified PLL-g-PEG polymers with two functionalities, characterized them in vitro and utilized them in vivo via a fibrin-based delivery matrix to induce dermal wound angiogenesis in diabetic rats. The two peptides were 1) a TG-peptide to covalently bind these nanocondensates to the fibrin matrix (TG-peptide) for a sustained release and 2) a polyR peptide to improve cellular uptake of these nanocondensates. In order to induce angiogenesis in vivo we condensed modified and non-modified polymers with plasmid DNA encoding a truncated form of the therapeutic candidate gene hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 1α (HIF-1α). HIF-1α is the primarily oxygen-dependent regulated subunit of the heterodimeric transcription factor HIF-1, which controls angiogenesis among other physiological pathways. The truncated form of HIF-1α lacks the oxygen-dependent degradation domain (ODD) and therefore escapes degradation under normoxic conditions. PLL-g-PEG polymer-mediated HIF-1α-ΔODD plasmid DNA delivery was found to lead to a transiently induced gene expression of angiogenesis-related genes Acta2 and Pecam1 as well as the HIF-1α target gene Vegf in vivo. Furthermore, HIF-1α gene delivery was shown to enhance the number endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells - precursors for mature blood vessels - during wound healing. We show that - depending on the selection of the therapeutic target gene - PLL-g-PEG nanocondensates are a promising alternative to viral DNA delivery approaches, which might pose a risk to health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Thiersch
- Laboratory for Biologically Oriented Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland; University of Zurich, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, Winterthurerstrasse 260, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Markus Rimann
- Laboratory for Biologically Oriented Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Vasiliki Panagiotopoulou
- Laboratory for Biologically Oriented Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Ece Öztürk
- Laboratory for Biologically Oriented Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Biedermann
- Tissue Biology Research Unit University Children's Hospital Zurich, CH-8008, Switzerland
| | - Marcus Textor
- BioInterface Group, Laboratory for Surface Science and Technology, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Tessa C Lühmann
- Laboratory for Biologically Oriented Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| | - Heike Hall
- Laboratory for Biologically Oriented Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
In this chapter a review of animal model systems already being utilized to study normal and pathologic wound healing is provided. We also go into details on alternatives for animal wound model systems. The case is made for limitations in the various approaches. We also discuss the benefits/limitations of in vitro/ex vivo systems bringing everything up to date with our current work on developing a cell-based reporter system for diabetic wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Phil Stephens
- Wound Biology Group, Cardiff Institute of Tissue Engineering and Repair Tissue Engineering and Reparative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Roupas P, Keogh J, Noakes M, Margetts C, Taylor P. The role of edible mushrooms in health: Evaluation of the evidence. J Funct Foods 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
|