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Dos Santos FM, Bezerra LR, Vieira JF, Marcelino PDR, Barbosa AM, Pereira Filho JM, Arce-Cordero JA, Ribeiro CVDM, Silva TM, Oliveira RL. Fatty acid profile, physicochemical composition and carcass traits of young Nellore bulls fed Acacia mearnsii extract. Meat Sci 2024; 216:109579. [PMID: 38959639 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2024.109579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acid profile, physicochemical composition, and carcass traits of 32 young Nellore bulls were assessed following the supplementation of Acacia mearnsii extract at levels of 0, 10, 30, and 50 g/kg of total dry matter (DM) in a completely randomized experiment with four treatments and eight replicates. Adding 50 g/kg DM of condensed tannins (CT) from Acacia mearnsii in the bulls' diet reduced DM intake, average daily gain, and meat lipid oxidation (P ≤ 0.05). The pH, centesimal composition, collagen, and meat color indexes of the longissimus muscle were not altered by the addition of Acacia mearnsii (P > 0.05). Cooling loss increased (P = 0.049) linearly. Including Acacia mearnsii in diet reduced the Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF, P = 0.018) of longissimus muscle of the bulls. The concentration of C16:0, C17:0, C24:0, t9,10,11,16-18:1, c9t11-18:2, C18:2n-6, C20:4n-6, 20:5n-3, 22:5n-3, and 22:6n-3 in the muscle increased due to the addition of Acacia in the diet (P ≤ 0.05), with the highest muscle concentrations caused by the addition of 10 to 30 g Acacia. c9-18:1 and t16-18:1 reduced linearly. ƩSFA, ƩBI, Ʃcis- and ƩMUFA, Ʃn-3, Ʃn-6, and ƩPUFA (P ≤ 0.05) quadratically increased at higher concentrations of addition of Acacia, above 30 g/kg DM. It is recommended to include Acacia mearnsii extract up to 30 g/kg total DM in diets for young bulls as it improves CLA, PUFA and TI and reduces lipid oxidation. Acacia mearnsii extract as source of CT at 50 g/kg DM negatively impacted the young bulls performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda M Dos Santos
- Federal University of Bahia, Animal Science Department, 500 Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Leilson R Bezerra
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Animal Science Department, Universitária Av., Jatobá, 58708110 Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Jusaline F Vieira
- Federal University of Bahia, Animal Science Department, 500 Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Polyana D R Marcelino
- Federal University of Bahia, Animal Science Department, 500 Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Analivia M Barbosa
- Federal University of Bahia, Animal Science Department, 500 Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - José M Pereira Filho
- Federal University of Campina Grande, Animal Science Department, Universitária Av., Jatobá, 58708110 Patos, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Jose A Arce-Cordero
- University of Costa Rica, Animal Sciences Department, San Jose 115012060, Costa Rica
| | - Claudio Vaz Di M Ribeiro
- Federal University of Bahia, Animal Science Department, 500 Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Thadeu M Silva
- Federal University of Bahia, Animal Science Department, 500 Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo L Oliveira
- Federal University of Bahia, Animal Science Department, 500 Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170110 Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Toral PG, Hervás G, Frutos P. INVITED REVIEW: Research on ruminal biohydrogenation: Achievements, gaps in knowledge, and future approaches from the perspective of dairy science. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)01070-1. [PMID: 39154717 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Scientific knowledge about ruminal biohydrogenation (BH) has improved greatly since this metabolic process was empirically confirmed in 1951. For years, BH had mostly been perceived as a process to be avoided to increase the post-ruminal flow of UFA from the diet. Two milestones changed this perception and stimulated great interest in BH intermediates themselves: In 1987, the in vitro anticarcinogenic properties of CLA were described, and in 2000, the inhibition of milk fat synthesis by trans-10 cis-12 CLA was confirmed. Since then, numerous BH metabolites have been described in small and large ruminants, and the major deviation from the common BH pathway (i.e., the trans-10 shift) has been reasonably well established. However, there are some less well-characterized alterations, and the comprehensive description of new BH intermediates (e.g., using isotopic tracers) has not been coupled with research on their biological effects. In this regard, the low quality of some published fatty acid profiles may also be limiting the advance of knowledge in BH. Furthermore, although BH seems to no longer be considered a metabolic niche inhabited by a few bacterial species with a highly specific metabolic capability, researchers have failed to elucidate which specific microbial groups are involved in the process and the basis for alterations in BH pathways (i.e., changes in microbial populations or their activity). Unraveling both issues may be beneficial for the description of new microbial enzymes involved in ruminal lipid metabolism that have industrial interest. From the perspective of diary science, other knowledge gaps that require additional research in the coming years are evaluation of the relationship between BH and feed efficiency and enteric methane emissions, as well as improving our understanding of how alterations in BH are involved in milk fat depression. Addressing these issues will have relevant practical implications in dairy science.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Toral
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain.
| | - G Hervás
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - P Frutos
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
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Chen S, Pan H. Vesicle delivery systems of functional substances for precision nutrition. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2024; 112:347-383. [PMID: 39218506 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Vesicular delivery systems are highly ordered assemblies consisting of one or more concentric bilayers formed by the self-assembly of amphiphilic building blocks in the presence of water. In the field of functional food, vesicular delivery systems have been widely explored for effective formulations to deliver functional substances. With the effort of scientific research, certain categories of vesicular delivery systems have successfully been translated from the laboratory to the global market of functional food. This chapter aims to present comprehensively the various vesicular delivery systems, including their design, preparation methods, encapsulation of functional substances, and application in nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China.
| | - Haibo Pan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
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Jaberi Darmiyan S, Montazer Torbati MB, Ramin M, Ghiasi SE. Effects of wheat bran replacement with pomegranate seed pulp on rumen fermentation, gas production, methanogen and protozoa populations of camel and goat rumen using competitive PCR technique: An in vitro study. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2901-2911. [PMID: 37864580 PMCID: PMC10650269 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microbial populations in the rumen play an essential role in the degradation of Cellulosic dietary components and in providing nutrients to the host animal. OBJECTIVE This study aims to detect the effect of pomegranate seed pulp (PSP) on rumen fermentation, digestibility and methanogens and the protozoa population (by competitive polymerase chain reaction [PCR]) of the camel and goat rumen fluid. MATERIALS AND METHODS PSP was added to the experimental treatments and replaced by wheat bran (0%, 5% and 10%). Rumen fluid was collected from three goats and two camels according to the similarity of sex, breed, origin and time and used for three gas production studies. DNA extraction was performed by the RBB + c method, the ImageJ programme calculated band intensities (target and competing DNA), and line gradients were plotted based on the number of copies and intensity. RESULTS Our result showed that diets did not significantly affect the methanogen and protozoa population. Animal species affected microbial populations so that both populations in camels were less than goats. The production of gas and volatile fatty acids was not affected by diets. These two parameters and NH3 concentration and methane production in goats were higher than in camel. The pH of digested dry matter and microbial protein in camels was higher than in goats. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, the competitive PCR technique is an effective method for enumerating rumen microbiota. This supplementation can be considered a strategy to achieve performance and environmental benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaz Jaberi Darmiyan
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Montazer Torbati
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
- Research Group of Environmental Stress in Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
| | - Mohammad Ramin
- Department of Animal Nutrition and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Seyed Ehsan Ghiasi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
- Research Group of Environmental Stress in Animal Science, Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of BirjandBirjandIran
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Natalello A, Menci R, Luciano G, Monahan F, Gravador RS, Valenti B, Pauselli M, Belvedere G, Scerra M, Priolo A. Effect of dietary pomegranate by-product on lamb flavour. Meat Sci 2023; 198:109118. [PMID: 36681062 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of the dietary inclusion of whole pomegranate by-product (WPB) on lamb flavour. Seventeen Comisana male lambs (body weight 14.82 kg ± 2 kg) were assigned to 2 treatments. During 36-day feeding trial, the control group (n = 8) received a conventional concentrate diet; the other group (n = 9) received a concentrate diet containing 200 g/kg (dry matter) of WPB, replacing part of barley and corn. After slaughter, fatty acids were determined in raw meat, while volatile organic compounds, SMart nose, and sensory traits were analysed in cooked meat. The concentrations of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, vaccenic and rumenic acid were higher in WPB meat. Most of volatile compounds that arise from lipid degradation (i.e., aldehydes, alcohols, ketones, and hydrocarbons) were found at higher concentrations in the WPB meat than in the control, except for 2-pentanone that was greater in control meat. Although SMart nose clearly discriminated between dietary treatments, consumer panel did not detect differences in meat flavour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Natalello
- University of Catania, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), Via Valdisavoia 5, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Ruggero Menci
- University of Catania, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), Via Valdisavoia 5, Catania 95123, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Luciano
- University of Catania, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), Via Valdisavoia 5, Catania 95123, Italy.
| | - Frank Monahan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Rufielyn S Gravador
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Bernardo Valenti
- University of Perugia, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali (DSA3), Borgo XX Giugno 74, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Mariano Pauselli
- University of Perugia, Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali (DSA3), Borgo XX Giugno 74, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - Gianni Belvedere
- CoRFiLaC, Regione Siciliana, s.p. 25 km 5 Ragusa Mare, Ragusa 97100, Italy
| | - Manuel Scerra
- University of Reggio Calabria, Dipartimento di Agraria, Produzioni Animali, Via dell'Università, 25, Reggio Calabria 89124, Italy
| | - Alessandro Priolo
- University of Catania, Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), Via Valdisavoia 5, Catania 95123, Italy
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Application of ultrasonication as pre-treatment for freeze drying: An innovative approach for the retention of nutraceutical quality in foods. Food Chem 2023; 404:134571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Bañares C, Carballeda-Sangiao N, Chabni A, García-Cordero J, Reglero G, de Pascual-Teresa S, Torres CF. Anti-inflammatory effect of two pomegranate seed oils obtained by green technologies in Caco-2 cells using the bioaccessible fraction from in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. Food Res Int 2023; 165:112475. [PMID: 36869488 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Pomegranate seeds contain up to 20% oil with a high content of punicic acid (85%), which is responsible for several biological activities. In this work, two pomegranate oils obtained by a two-step sequential extraction, first with an expeller and then via supercritical CO2 technologies, have been studied in a static gastrointestinal in vitro digestion model to evaluate their bioaccessibility. The micellar phases obtained were evaluated by an in vitro model of intestinal inflammation and Caco-2 cells exposed to the inflammatory mediator lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Inflammatory response was assessed by measuring the production of interleukins IL-6 and IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and by evaluating the monolayer integrity. The results obtained indicate that expeller pomegranate oil (EPO) provides the highest amount of micellar phase (ca. 93%) with free fatty acids and monoacylglycerols as major components. The micellar phase obtained with supercritical CO2 pomegranate oil (SCPO) is ca. 82% with similar lipid composition. Micellar phases of EPO and SCPO showed high stability and adequate particle size. EPO shows an anti-inflammatory response, reducing the production of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in LPS stimulated caco-2 cells and increasing the integrity of the cell monolayer as measured by transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). In the case of SCPO, the anti-inflammatory effect was only evident for IL-8. The present work demonstrates good digestibility, bioaccessibility and anti-inflammatory response of both EPO and SCPO oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Bañares
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/ Nicolas Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Noelia Carballeda-Sangiao
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Assamae Chabni
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/ Nicolas Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquin García-Cordero
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Reglero
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/ Nicolas Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Department of Production and Development of Foods for Health, IMDEA-Food Institute, CEI (UAM-CSIC) C/ Faraday 7, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia de Pascual-Teresa
- Department of Metabolism and Nutrition, Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Carlos F Torres
- Department of Production and Characterization of Novel Foods, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL, CSIC-UAM), C/ Nicolas Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Mahachi LN, Chikwanha OC, Katiyatiya CL, Marufu MC, Aremu AO, Mapiye C. Meat production, quality, and oxidative shelf-life of Haemonchus-parasitised and non-parasitised lambs fed incremental levels of sericea lespedeza substituted for lucerne. Meat Sci 2023; 195:109009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2022.109009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cold-Pressed Pomegranate Seed Oil: Study of Punicic Acid Properties by Coupling of GC/FID and FTIR. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27185863. [PMID: 36144599 PMCID: PMC9501365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, we have witnessed an increasing interest in food-related products containing vegetable oils. These oils can be obtained either by extraction or by mechanical pressing of different parts of plants (e.g., seeds, fruit, and drupels). Producers of nutraceuticals have ceaselessly searched for unique and effective natural ingredients. The enormous success of argan oil has been followed by discoveries of other interesting vegetable oils (e.g., pomegranate oil) containing several bioactives. This work describes the pomegranate fruit extract and seed oil as a rich source of conjugated linolenic acid as a metabolite of punicic acid (PA), deriving from the omega-5 family (ω-5). Through the chemical characterization of PA, its nutritional and therapeutic properties are highlighted together with the physiological properties that encourage its use in human nutrition. We analyzed the composition of all fatty acids with beneficial properties occurring in pomegranate seed oil using gas chromatography (GC) with flame-ionization detection (FID) analysis combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Pomegranate seed oil mainly consists of 9,11,13-octadic-trienoic acid (18:3), corresponding to 73 wt % of the total fatty acids. Nine components were identified by GC in PSO, varying between 0.58 and 73.19 wt %. Using midinfrared (MIR) spectroscopy, we compared the composition of pomegranate seed oil with that of meadowfoam seed oil (MSO), which is also becoming increasingly popular in the food industry due to its high content of long chain fatty acids (C20-22), providing increased oil stability. From the results of FTIR and MIR spectroscopy, we found that punicic acid is unique in PSO (73.19 wt %) but not in MSO.
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Makmur M, Zain M, Sholikin MM, Suharlina, Jayanegara A. Modulatory effects of dietary tannins on polyunsaturated fatty acid biohydrogenation in the rumen: A meta-analysis. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09828. [PMID: 35815140 PMCID: PMC9263859 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tannins are a group of phenolic compounds that can modify the rumen biohydrogenation (BH) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), but to date results obtained have been inconsistent. This study therefore aims to conduct a meta-analysis of the scientific literature related to the effects of tannins on rumen BH and fermentation. Methods A total of 28 articles were collected from various scientific databases, such as Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar, and the data were analysed using a random effects model and meta-regression for rumen BH. The publication bias on the main variables of rumen fermentation was assessed using a funnel plot and Egger's test. Results An increase in tannin levels significantly reduced methane production (p < 0.001) and the population of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (p < 0.05). Dietary tannins also decreased the SFA proportion (p < 0.001) and increased (p < 0.001) the rumen monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) proportions. In additions, there were negative relationships between dietary tannin levels and BH rates of C18:2 n-6 and C18:3 n-3 (p < 0.05). Conclusion Dietary tannins modulate the rumen fermentation profile, mitigate methane emissions, and inhibit rumen BH of PUFA.
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Ciampi F, Gandy J, Ciliberti MG, Sevi A, Albenzio M, Santillo A. Pomegranate (Punica granatum) By-Product Extract Influences the Oxylipids Profile in Primary Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells in a Model of Oxidative Stress. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.837279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aerobic metabolism produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a natural by-product that can play a significant role in cell signaling and homeostasis. Excessive and uncontrolled production of ROS, however, can lead to oxidative stress that causes damage to immune cells and is related to several diseases in dairy cattle. Endothelial cells are essential for optimal immune and inflammatory responses but are especially sensitive to the damaging effects of ROS. Accordingly, investigating antioxidant strategies that can mitigate the detrimental impact of ROS on endothelial functions could impact compromised host defenses that lead to increased disease susceptibility. The objective of this study was to test the antioxidant effect of different concentrations (20, 40, 60, 80 μg/ml) of pomegranate by-product extract (PBE) on bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs). A model of oxidative stress was developed using in vitro exposure of BAEC to 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) to induce the formation of ROS. The BAEC were then analyzed for cell viability, ROS production, fatty acids profile, and oxylipids formation. The BAECs viability did not change after different concentrations of PBE and remained up to 80% over control; whereas, intracellular ROS showed a reduction passing from 20 to 50% with increasing PBE concentration from 20 to 80 μg/ml, respectively. The PBE extract clearly demonstrated efficacy in reducing the concentrations of pro-inflammatory oxylipids with a concomitant enhancement of anti-inflammatory oxylipids. In particular, the pro-inflammatory 13-hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid and its derived anti-inflammatory 13-hydroperoxoctadecaienoic acid were found lower and higher, respectively, in PBE+AAPH treated cells than AAPH treatment. Data from the present study support in vivo future experimental use of pomegranate by-product extract to study its potential beneficial effect against oxidative stress conditions in dairy cattle.
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Campos L, Seixas L, Dias S, Peres AM, Veloso ACA, Henriques M. Effect of Extraction Method on the Bioactive Composition, Antimicrobial Activity and Phytotoxicity of Pomegranate By-Products. Foods 2022; 11:foods11070992. [PMID: 35407079 PMCID: PMC8997943 DOI: 10.3390/foods11070992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pomegranate by-products can be an asset to the food industry due to the richness in bioactive and antimicrobial compounds. This work studied the influence of conventional solvent and sonication-assisted extraction methods on the bioactive profile, antimicrobial properties, and phytotoxicity effect of the peels and seeds extracts from Acco, Big Full, and Wonderful pomegranate cultivars. The bioactive composition of the extracts was evaluated for the content of total phenolics, total flavonoids, and antioxidant activity (expressed as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration—IC50) by spectrophotometric methods, while the tannins were determined by titration and the anthocyanins were estimated by the pH-differential method. For the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, the disk diffusion method of Kirby-Bauer was adapted through inhibition halos against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Yarrowia lipolytica. The extracts’ phytotoxicity was evaluated in vitro on garden-cress seeds. Extracts from conventional extraction were richer in total phenolics, expressed as gallic acid equivalents (0.16–0.73 mg GAE/mg extract), while those from sonication-assisted extraction had higher contents of total flavonoids, expressed as catechin equivalents (0.019–0.068 mg CATE/mg extract); anthocyanins, expressed as cyanidin-3-glucoside (0.06–0.60 µg C3G/mg, dry basis); and antioxidant activity (IC50, 0.01–0.20 mg/mL). All extracts were more effective against Gram-positive bacteria and yeasts than Gram-negative bacteria. In general, the sonication-assisted extracts led to higher inhibition halos (8.7 to 11.4 mm). All extracts presented phytotoxicity against garden-cress seeds in the tested concentrations. Only the lowest concentration (0.003 mg/mL) enabled the germination of seeds and root growth, and the sonication-assisted extracts showed the highest Munoo-Liisa vitality index (51.3%). Overall, sonication-assisted extraction obtained extracts with greater bioactive and antimicrobial potential and less phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Campos
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.D.); (M.H.)
- CERNAS, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Luana Seixas
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ISEC, DEQB, Rua Pedro Nunes—Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal; (L.S.); (A.C.A.V.)
| | - Susana Dias
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.D.); (M.H.)
- CERNAS, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António M. Peres
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal;
| | - Ana C. A. Veloso
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, ISEC, DEQB, Rua Pedro Nunes—Quinta da Nora, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal; (L.S.); (A.C.A.V.)
- CEB—Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4715-057 Braga, Portugal
- LABBELS—Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Marta Henriques
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal; (S.D.); (M.H.)
- CERNAS, Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, Coimbra Agriculture School, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
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Kazemi M, Valizadeh R. The effect of dietary supplementation of ensiled pomegranate by-products on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haematology parameters and meat characteristics of fat-tail lambs. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1986429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Kazemi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science, University of Torbat-e Jam, Torbat-e Jam, Iran
| | - Reza Valizadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Fatty acid metabolism in lambs supplemented with different condensed and hydrolysable tannin extracts. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258265. [PMID: 34614022 PMCID: PMC8494350 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Five groups of lambs (n = 9 each) were used to test the effect of plant extracts rich in hydrolysable (HT) or condensed tannin (CT) on animal performance, fatty acid composition of rumen content, liver and meat. The control group (CO) received a concentrate-based diet without tannins supplementation. The other groups received the same diet as the control lambs plus 4% chestnut (CH) and tara (TA) extracts as a source of HT and mimosa (MI) and gambier (GA) extracts as a source of CT. One-way ANOVA was used to assess the overall effect of dietary treatments, tannins supplementation (CO vs. CH+TA+MI+GA) and the effect of tannin type (HT vs. CT: CH+TA vs. MI+GA) on animal performance, rumen content, liver and intramuscular FA. Dietary CH negatively affected animal performance. The rumen content of the different groups showed similar levels of 18:3 c9c12c15, 18:2 c9c12, 18:2 c9t11, 18:1 t11 and 18:0, whereas 18:1 t10 was greater in CO. Also, 18:1 t10 tended to be lower in the rumen of HT than CT-fed lambs. These data were partially confirmed in liver and meat, where CO showed a greater percentage of individual trans 18:1 fatty acids in comparison with tannins-fed groups. Our findings challenge some accepted generalizations on the use of tannins in ruminant diets as they were ineffective to favour the accumulation of dietary PUFA or healthy fatty acids of biohydrogenation origin in the rumen content and lamb meat, but suggest a generalized influence on BH rather than on specific steps.
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Banwo K, Olojede AO, Adesulu-Dahunsi AT, Verma DK, Thakur M, Tripathy S, Singh S, Patel AR, Gupta AK, Aguilar CN, Utama GL. Functional importance of bioactive compounds of foods with Potential Health Benefits: A review on recent trends. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Leontopoulos S, Skenderidis P, Petrotos K, Giavasis I. Corn Silage Supplemented with Pomegranate ( Punica granatum) and Avocado ( Persea americana) Pulp and Seed Wastes for Improvement of Meat Characteristics in Poultry Production. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26195901. [PMID: 34641445 PMCID: PMC8510452 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, pomegranate peels, avocado peels, and seed vacuum microwave extraction solid by-products were supplemented in corn silage in order to investigate the effects on meat quality and growth rate in broiler chicken. There were 50 broilers, divided in two groups, treated with experimental or usual feed for 43 days (group A: 25 broilers fed with avocado and pomegranate by-products and group B: 25 broilers fed with corn-silage used as control). The results showed that broiler chickens fed with a diet supplemented with a mixture of pomegranate avocado by-products (group A) showed significant differences in chicken leg meat quality, significantly improving the level of proteins and fatty acids content in breast and leg meat, respectively. More specific ω3 and ω6 fatty acids content were three times higher than in group B. Moreover, a protective effect on the decomposition of polyunsaturated fatty acids, induced by free radicals and presented in chicken meat, is based on the evaluation of lipid peroxidation by measuring thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Pomegranate peels, avocado peels, and seed by-products appeared to have a slight reduction on meat production, while it was found to improve the qualitative chicken meat characteristics. Regarding the production costs, it was calculated that the corn-silage supplementation, used in this study, lead to a 50% lower cost than the commercial corn-silage used for the breeding of broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Leontopoulos
- Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Prodromos Skenderidis
- Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Petrotos
- Laboratory of Food and Biosystems Engineering, Department of Agrotechnology, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Giavasis
- Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Food Technology, University of Thessaly, 43100 Karditsa, Greece
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Menci R, Coppa M, Torrent A, Natalello A, Valenti B, Luciano G, Priolo A, Niderkorn V. Effects of two tannin extracts at different doses in interaction with a green or dry forage substrate on in vitro rumen fermentation and biohydrogenation. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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18
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Liu HM, Xu PF, Cheng MY, Lei SN, Liu QL, Wang W. Optimization of Fermentation Process of Pomegranate Peel and Schisandra Chinensis and the Biological Activities of Fermentation Broth: Antioxidant Activity and Protective Effect Against H 2O 2-induced Oxidative Damage in HaCaT Cells. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113432. [PMID: 34198860 PMCID: PMC8201020 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the lactobacillus fermentation process of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel and Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (PP&SC) was optimized by using the response surface method (RSM) coupled with a Box-Behnken design. The optimum fermentation condition with the maximal yield of ellagic acid (99.49 ± 0.47 mg/g) was as follows: 1:1 (w:w) ratio of pomegranate peel to Schisandra chinensis, 1% (v:v) of strains with a 1:1 (v:v) ratio of Lactobacillus Plantarum to Streptococcus Thermophilus, a 37 °C fermentation temperature, 33 h of fermentation time, 1:20 (g:mL) of a solid–liquid ratio and 3 g/100 mL of a glucose dosage. Under these conditions, the achieved fermentation broth (FB) showed stronger free radical scavenging abilities than the water extract (WE) against the ABTS+, DPPH, OH− and O2− radicals. The cytotoxicity and the protective effect of FB on the intracellular ROS level in HaCaT cells were further detected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The results showed that FB had no significant cytotoxicity toward HaCaT cells when its content was no more than 8 mg/mL. The FB with a concentration of 8 mg/mL had a good protective effect against oxidative damage, which can effectively reduce the ROS level to 125.94% ± 13.46% (p < 0.001) compared with 294.49% ± 11.54% of the control group in H2O2-damaged HaCaT cells. The outstanding antioxidant ability and protective effect against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in HaCaT cells promote the potential for the FB of PP&SC as a functional raw material of cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Liu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (H.-M.L.); (P.-F.X.); (M.-Y.C.); (S.-N.L.); (Q.-L.L.)
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Peng-Fei Xu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (H.-M.L.); (P.-F.X.); (M.-Y.C.); (S.-N.L.); (Q.-L.L.)
| | - Ming-Yan Cheng
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (H.-M.L.); (P.-F.X.); (M.-Y.C.); (S.-N.L.); (Q.-L.L.)
| | - Sheng-Nan Lei
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (H.-M.L.); (P.-F.X.); (M.-Y.C.); (S.-N.L.); (Q.-L.L.)
| | - Qing-Lei Liu
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (H.-M.L.); (P.-F.X.); (M.-Y.C.); (S.-N.L.); (Q.-L.L.)
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (H.-M.L.); (P.-F.X.); (M.-Y.C.); (S.-N.L.); (Q.-L.L.)
- Engineering Research Center of Perfume & Aroma and Cosmetics, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201418, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-18918830550
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19
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Evaluating Three-Pillar Sustainability Modelling Approaches for Dairy Cattle Production Systems. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13116332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Milk production in Europe is facing major challenges to ensure its economic, environmental, and social sustainability. It is essential that holistic concepts are developed to ensure the future sustainability of the sector and to assist farmers and stakeholders in making knowledge-based decisions. In this study, integrated sustainability assessment by means of whole-farm modelling is presented as a valuable approach for identifying factors and mechanisms that could be used to improve the three pillars (3Ps) of sustainability in the context of an increasing awareness of economic profitability, social well-being, and environmental impacts of dairy production systems (DPS). This work aims (i) to create an evaluation framework that enables quantitative analysis of the level of integration of 3P sustainability indicators in whole-farm models and (ii) to test this method. Therefore, an evaluation framework consisting of 35 indicators distributed across the 3Ps of sustainability was used to evaluate three whole-farm models. Overall, the models integrated at least 40% of the proposed indicators. Different results were obtained for each sustainability pillar by each evaluated model. Higher scores were obtained for the environmental pillar, followed by the economic and the social pillars. In conclusion, this evaluation framework was found to be an effective tool that allows potential users to choose among whole-farm models depending on their needs. Pathways for further model development that may be used to integrate the 3P sustainability assessment of DPS in a more complete and detailed way were identified.
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Kotsampasi B, Christodoulou C, Mavrommatis A, Mitsiopoulou C, Bampidis V, Christodoulou V, Chronopoulou E, Labrou N, Tsiplakou E. Effects of dietary pomegranate seed cake supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of growing lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.114815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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22
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Ability of tannins to modulate ruminal lipid metabolism and milk and meat fatty acid profiles. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Pomegranate: Nutraceutical with Promising Benefits on Human Health. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10196915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Pomegranate is an old plant made up by flowers, roots, fruits and leaves, native to Central Asia and principally cultivated in the Mediterranean and California (although now widespread almost all over the globe). The current use of this precious plant regards not only the exteriority of the fruit (employed also for ornamental purpose) but especially the nutritional and, still potential, health benefits that come out from the various parts composing this one (carpellary membranes, arils, seeds and bark). Indeed, the phytochemical composition of the fruit abounds in compounds (flavonoids, ellagitannins, proanthocyanidins, mineral salts, vitamins, lipids, organic acids) presenting a significant biological and nutraceutical value. For these reasons, pomegranate interest is increased over the years as the object of study for many research groups, particularly in the pharmaceutical sector. Specifically, in-depth studies of its biological and functional properties and the research of new formulations could be applied to a wide spectrum of diseases including neoplastic, cardiovascular, viral, inflammatory, metabolic, microbial, intestinal, reproductive and skin diseases. In this review, considering the increasing scientific and commercial interest of nutraceuticals, we reported an update of the investigations concerning the health-promoting properties of pomegranate and its bioactive compounds against principal human pathologies.
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Morshedy SA, Abdal Mohsen AE, Basyony MM, Almeer R, Abdel-Daim MM, El-Gindy YM. Effect of Prickly Pear Cactus Peel Supplementation on Milk Production, Nutrient Digestibility and Rumen Fermentation of Sheep and the Maternal Effects on Growth and Physiological Performance of Suckling Offspring. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10091476. [PMID: 32842624 PMCID: PMC7552258 DOI: 10.3390/ani10091476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The agricultural byproducts commonly used as a feedstuff depend on their high abundance and the nutritional composition. Moreover, several agricultural byproducts are a valuable source of active ingredients, which could be used as feed supplements to improve the quality of formulated diets and animal performance. The present study evaluated the use of prickly pear cactus peels (Opuntia ficus-indica, PPCP) as an agricultural byproduct rich with phytochemicals in the diet of lactating Barki ewes at two doses (5 and 10 g/head/day). Supplementation with 5 g PPCP improves the milk production and composition of ewes. The maternal effect of supplementation of both doses of PPCP in the diets of lactating Barki ewes has been successful to improve the serum lipid profile, kidney function, hormonal and antioxidant status of their suckling lambs. Moreover, supplementation with 5 g PPCP improves the nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation parameters in the sheep. Abstract Prickly pear cactus peels (Opuntia ficus-indica, PPCP) are sustainable byproducts available in arid regions and a rich source of antioxidants. Fifteen multiparous Barki ewes (2–3 years old, 46.94 ± 0.59 kg body weight, BW) at postpartum were individually distributed in three equal groups and fed diets supplemented with PPCP at doses of 0, 5 and 10 g/head/day. Lambs were individually distributed into three equal groups according to their mothers’ groups to investigate the maternal effect on lambs’ growth performance, hematology and serum metabolites. This trial lasted for 56 days from birth to weaning. Moreover, nine adult male Barki sheep with a live BW of 65.76 ± 0.54 kg were randomly allocated into three equal groups to determine the effect of PPCP on the nutrient digestibility of the experimental diets. The results indicate that supplementing PPCP at low levels (5 g/head/day) increased milk yield (p = 0.050), fat-corrected milk (p = 0.022), energy-corrected milk (p = 0.015) and the yield of milk constituents compared to 10 g PPCP and the control group. In addition, lambs suckling from ewes fed the diet supplemented with 5 g PPCP had a higher (p = 0.001) weaning BW compared to other groups. Serum total protein, globulin, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase enzyme activities and the triiodothyronine hormone improved significantly in lambs suckling from ewes fed diets supplemented with 5 g PPCP compared to the control group. Serum cholesterol profile and kidney activities were enhanced significantly in lambs suckling from ewes fed diets supplemented with 5 and 10 g of PPCP compared to the control group. The dietary supplementation of 5 g PPCP improved the crude protein digestibility, digestible crude protein value, nitrogen balance and rumen fermentation characteristics of male sheep compared to the control group. In conclusion, supplementation with 5 g PPCP improved ewes’ milk production, offspring growth and physiological status. Furthermore, it improved the crude protein digestibility and rumen fermentation characteristics of Barki sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin A. Morshedy
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria 21500, Egypt;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-12-2658-5243
| | - Aymen E. Abdal Mohsen
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki 12622, Egypt; (A.E.A.M.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Mohamed M. Basyony
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Doki 12622, Egypt; (A.E.A.M.); (M.M.B.)
| | - Rafa Almeer
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (R.A.); (M.M.A.-D.)
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Yassmine M. El-Gindy
- Fish and Animal Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, P.O. Box 21531, Alexandria 21500, Egypt;
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Ciampi F, Sordillo LM, Gandy JC, Caroprese M, Sevi A, Albenzio M, Santillo A. Evaluation of natural plant extracts as antioxidants in a bovine in vitro model of oxidative stress. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8938-8947. [PMID: 32713694 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress contributes to many inflammatory-based diseases of dairy cattle especially during periods of increased metabolic activity such as around calving. Endothelial cells play a key role in maintaining normal inflammatory responses, but they are especially susceptible to macromolecule damage during times of oxidative stress. Therefore, bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) were used to study the effect of natural tannin-based extracts on oxidative stress that may improve health and well-being of cattle. Tannins are secondary metabolites in plants with potent antioxidant activity that have been used as natural feed additives for food-producing animals. However, there is little information on how tannin-rich plant extracts may affect oxidative stress in dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum; PMG), tara (Caesalpinia spinosa; TA), chestnut (Castanea sativa; CH), and gambier (Uncaria gambir; GM) natural extracts using an in vitro BAEC model of oxidative stress. Natural extracts were tested at a concentration of 80 μg/mL. Viability, apoptosis, intracellular reactive oxygen species, and isoprostanes were determined on cultured BAEC treated with different plant natural extracts. No changes in cell viability was detected following PMG and GM treatments. In contrast, there was a 30% reduction of BAEC viability following treatment with CH or TA extracts. Intracellular reactive oxygen species production was significantly less abundant in cells treated with natural extracts than with the lipopolysaccharide control. Moreover, antioxidant activity varied according to the tested extract, showing a reduction of 63, 45, 51, and 27% in PMG, GM, CH, and TA, respectively. The formation of isoprostanes as a consequence of lipid peroxidation after induction of oxidative stress also were significantly decreased in PMG-treated cells when compared with the untreated cells. Theses findings suggest that PMG extract has the potential to mitigate oxidative stress without detrimental effects on cell viability. Further in vitro and in vivo research is warranted to explore the antioxidant potential of PMG extract as a dietary supplement to control oxidative stress in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Ciampi
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - L M Sordillo
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
| | - J C Gandy
- Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824
| | - M Caroprese
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - A Sevi
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - M Albenzio
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - A Santillo
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
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Natalello A, Priolo A, Valenti B, Codini M, Mattioli S, Pauselli M, Puccio M, Lanza M, Stergiadis S, Luciano G. Dietary pomegranate by-product improves oxidative stability of lamb meat. Meat Sci 2019; 162:108037. [PMID: 31901579 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2019.108037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of including whole pomegranate by-product in lamb diet on meat oxidative stability. Seventeen lambs were assigned to two experimental treatments and fed a cereal-based concentrate (CON) or the same concentrate where 200 g/kg DM of cereals were replaced by whole pomegranate by-product (WPB). Meat from WPB-fed lambs had a greater concentration of vitamin E (α- and γ-tocopherols), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), highly peroxidizable PUFA and a higher peroxidability index (P < .05). Feeding WPB limited the formation of metmyoglobin (P = .05) and reduced lipid oxidation (TBARS values) after 7 days of storage for raw meat (P = .024) or 4 days for cooked meat (P = .006). Feeding WPB increased meat antioxidant capacity (ORAC assay) in the lipophilic fraction (P = .017), but not in the hydrophilic. These results suggest that vitamin E in the pomegranate by-product contributed to the higher antioxidant capacity of meat from the WPB-fed lambs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Natalello
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Priolo
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Bernardo Valenti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali (DSA3), University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Michela Codini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Perugia, Via Ariodante Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Simona Mattioli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali (DSA3), University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Mariano Pauselli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Ambientali (DSA3), University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno 74, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Puccio
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Lanza
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sokratis Stergiadis
- Department of Animal Sciences, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, PO Box 237, Earley Gate, Reading RG6 6AR, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Luciano
- Dipartimento di Agricoltura, Alimentazione e Ambiente (Di3A), University of Catania, Via Valdisavoia 5, 95123 Catania, Italy
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