1
|
Yasmin R, Saharia PK, Hussain IA, Talukdar A, Baishya S, Bhagawati K, Sarma DK, Patowary AN, Kalita K, Das UK, Singh A. Probiotic Strain Lactobacillus plantarum GCLP4 Derived From the Gut of Ctenopharyngodon idella Modulates Growth, Digestive Enzymes and Immune-Biochemical Parameters of Labeo rohita Fingerlings. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024. [PMID: 39382119 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.14054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to isolate, identify, and characterize bacterial probiotic strain from the gut of Ctenopharyngodon idella (Grass carp) and then to study its effect on growth, digestive enzymes and immunity of Labeo rohita fingerlings. A total of 6 gram-positive bacteria belonging to the genus Lactobacillus spp. (3), Bacillus spp. (2) and Staphylococcus spp. (1), were identified biochemically. Based on the biochemical results, the isolate GCLP4 was selected for molecular confirmation and BLAST analysis showed maximum homology with Lactobacillus plantarum (100% ident). Fish were fed for 60 days with diet containing 0 (T0), 105 (T1), 107 (T2), 109 (T3) cfu/g diet of L. plantarum GCLP4 and 105 (T4) of commercial probiotics. Results shows that supplementation of GCLP4 had significantly (p < 0.05) improve weight gain (%), specific growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of L. rohita with better values in T3 group. The immunological parameters (white blood cell, red blood cell, haemoglobin, total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly higher (p < 0.05) with 107 and 109 Lactobacillus GCLP4 cfu/g diet. The digestive enzyme activities (protease, amylase and lipase) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher, particularly, with 109 Lactobacillus GCLP4 cfu/g of diet. All the groups supplemented with GCLP4 including the commercial probiotics have lower (p < 0.05) activities of serum transaminase enzymes along with lower (p < 0.005) level of glucose as compared to the control group. The results of the study collectively suggest that dietary L. plantarum GCLP4 at 109 cfu/g is an effective probiotic obtained from grass carp having potency to promote growth, digestive enzymes and immune-biochemical indices of L. rohita fingerlings in present culture condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rubina Yasmin
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Pabitra Kumar Saharia
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Inam Akhtar Hussain
- Department of Fish Processing Technology, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Avinash Talukdar
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Sangipran Baishya
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Kaustubh Bhagawati
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Dipak Kr Sarma
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Arnab Narayan Patowary
- Department of Fisheries Extension, Economics and Statistics, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Kamaleswar Kalita
- Department of Aquaculture, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Utpal Kumar Das
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, College of Fisheries, Assam Agricultural University (AAU), Raha, Nagaon, Assam, India
| | - Aprajita Singh
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Welfare, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Akhila S, Varghese T, Sahu NP, Gupta S, Dasgupta S, Deo AD, Mannur VS, Paul Nathaniel T, Chandan NK. Hyperthermal stress potentiates enhanced lipid utilisation in genetically improved farmed Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus juveniles. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024:111033. [PMID: 39278536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
The present experiment evaluated whether dietary protein (P) or lipid (L) is preferred as an energy source by genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) reared at high temperatures. A 60-day feeding trial was conducted at 28.3 °C and 33.3 °C, testing five diets with varying protein (34,36,38 %) and lipid (8,10,12 %) levels, viz., P38L8, P36L8, P34L8, P34L10, P34L12. Parameters assessed included growth, body composition, serum lipids, enzyme activities, fatty acid profiles, and PPAR-α mRNA expression. Results indicated that the fish fed optimum protein and highest lipid level (P34L12) showed significantly higher (P < 0.05) weight gain percent and thermal growth coefficient. Increasing dietary lipid content reduced whole-body lipid deposition and mobilised serum triglycerides and cholesterol at higher temperatures (HT). Hepatic malic enzyme activity decreased with rising temperature and lipid content, while lipoprotein lipase activity in muscle increased. The fatty acid composition altered substantially with the changes in rearing temperature and diets. Unsaturated fats were preferred as direct fuels for β-oxidation, wherein the P34L12 groups preserved body (area %) EPA, DHA, and linolenic acid, especially at HT. The expression of PPAR-α, a lipolytic marker, was upregulated with increasing temperature and high dietary lipid content, peaking in P34L12 groups. The study concludes that high-lipid diets (12 %) are metabolically superior to high-protein diets for GIFT tilapia at elevated temperatures, optimising growth, enhancing metabolic efficiency, and maintaining essential fatty acid profiles under hyperthermal stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Akhila
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | - Tincy Varghese
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India.
| | - Narottam Prasad Sahu
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | - Subodh Gupta
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | - Subrata Dasgupta
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashutosh D Deo
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | | | - T Paul Nathaniel
- Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, India
| | - Nitish Kumar Chandan
- Fish Nutrition & Physiology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Bhubaneswar, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sun XN, Wang Q, Wang YF, Tao Y, Zheng CL, Wang MH, Che MY, Cui ZH, Li XL, Zhang Q, Xu MX, Wang S, Nie P, Sun YL. Isolation and identification of vapA-absent Aeromonas salmonicida in diseased snakehead Channa argus in China. Int Microbiol 2024; 27:1137-1150. [PMID: 38062211 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00455-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Aeromonas salmonicida is the typical pathogen causing furunculosis, reported widely in salmonids. Because of multiple serotypes, the control of A. salmonicida-caused disease has increasingly received much attention. Recently, A. salmonicida infection was reported in non-salmonid fish species. Here, a pathogenic A. salmonicida, named as As-s, was isolated from cultured snakehead (Channa argus) in a local fish farm in Shandong, China. As-s displayed clear hemolysis, amylase, and positive catalase activities, and grew at a wide range of temperatures (10-37 °C) and pH values (5.5-8.5). As-s was highly sensitive to cefuroxime sodium, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, piperacillin, and cefoperazone and also apparently sensitive to chloramphenicol, erythromycin, and 25% cinnamaldehyde. The Virulence array protein gene cloning' results suggested that As-s has this gene compared with the other two vapA-containing strains, despite a close relationship of these strains via phylogenetic analysis. Severe ulcers on skin, muscle, and abnormal liver, and hemorrhage in pectoral/ventral fins and anal region were observed, and exophthalmos were also noticed in infected juvenile snakehead, as well as necrosis and infiltration of blood cells emerged in the internal organs using pathological section. In addition, As-s caused high mortality in snakehead, consistently with its immune gene response. This study reports the first isolation of vapA-absent A. salmonicida in snakehead.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Na Sun
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ying Fei Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ye Tao
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Li Zheng
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Hao Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Yue Che
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Hao Cui
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, 315832, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Long Li
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Xi Xu
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Su Wang
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Pin Nie
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Ling Sun
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, 266237, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ji M, Wang B, Xie J, Wang G, Yu E, Jiang P, Lu R, Tian J. Effects of low protein feed on hepato-intestinal health and muscle quality of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 273:110989. [PMID: 38759883 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.110989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
In this study, grass carp (33.28 ± 0.05 g) were fed three diets for 8 weeks: control (crude protein [CP] 30%, crude lipid [CL] 6%), low protein (LP; CP16%, CL6%), and low protein with high-fat (LPHF; CP16%, CL10%). The final body weight decreased in the LP and LPHF groups compared to the Control (P < 0.05). Liver triglycerides, total cholesterol, and nonesterified fatty acids were higher in the LP group than the Control, whereas these indexes in the LPHF group were higher than those in the LP group (P < 0.05). The LP group had intestinal barrier damage, while the LPHF group had a slight recovery. TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-1β content were lower in the LP group than in the Control (P < 0.05), and even higher in the LPHF group (P < 0.05). The expressions of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes Activating transcription factor 6 (ATF-6) and Glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) were higher in the LPHF group against the LP group (P < 0.05). The IL-1β and TNF-α content negatively correlated with intestinal Actinomycetes and Mycobacterium abundance (P < 0.05). The muscle fiber diameter was smaller in both the LP and LPHF groups than the control (P < 0.05), with the LP group showing metabolites related to protein digestion and absorption, and LPHF group exhibiting metabolites related to taste transmission. The results demonstrate reducing dietary protein affects growth, causing liver lipid accumulation, reduced enteritis response, and increased muscle tightness, while increasing fat content accelerates fat accumulation and inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Ji
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Guangjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Ermeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China
| | - Ronghua Lu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China.
| | - Jingjing Tian
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute Guangzhou, Guangdong 510380, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fei S, Kang J, Ou M, Liu H, Zhang X, Luo Q, Li K, Chen K, Zhao J. Effects of essential amino acids supplementation in a low-protein diet on growth performance, intestinal health and microbiota of juvenile blotched snakehead (Channa maculata). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 149:109555. [PMID: 38615703 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Developing a low-protein feed is important for the sustainable advancement of aquaculture. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation in a low-protein diet on the growth, intestinal health, and microbiota of the juvenile blotched snakehead, Channa maculata in an 8-week trial conducted in a recirculating aquaculture system. Three isoenergetic diets were formulated to include a control group (48.66 % crude protein (CP), HP), a low protein group (42.54 % CP, LP), and a low protein supplementation EAA group (44.44 % CP, LP-AA). The results showed that significantly lower weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER), and feed efficiency ratio (FER) were observed in fish that were fed LP than in the HP and LP-AA groups (P < 0.05). The HP and LP-AA groups exhibited a significant increase in intestinal villus length, villus width, and muscular thickness compared to the LP group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the HP and LP-AA groups demonstrated significantly higher levels of intestinal total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and lower levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to the LP group (P < 0.05). The apoptosis rate of intestinal cells in the LP group was significantly higher than those in the LP and HP groups (P < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase (sod), nuclear factor kappa B p65 subunit (nfκb-p65), heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), and inhibitor of NF-κBα (iκba) in the intestine were significantly higher in the LP group than those in the HP and LP-AA groups (P < 0.05). The 16s RNA analysis indicated that EAA supplementation significantly increased the growth of Desulfovibrio and altered the intestinal microflora. The relative abundances of Firmicutes and Cyanobacteria were positively correlated with antioxidant parameters (CAT and T-AOC), whereas Desulfobacterota was negatively correlated with sod and T-AOC. The genera Bacillus, Bacteroides, and Rothia were associated with the favorable maintenance of gut health. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with EAAs to achieve a balanced amino acid profile could potentially reduce the dietary protein levels from 48.66 % to 44.44 % without adversely affecting the growth and intestinal health of juvenile blotched snakeheads.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuzhan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China
| | - Jiamin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China; College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, PR China
| | - Mi Ou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China
| | - Xincheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China
| | - Kaibin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China
| | - Kunci Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Mohamad S, Rahmah S, Zainuddin RA, A Thallib Y, Razali RS, Jalilah M, Abd Ghaffar M, Lim LS, Chang YM, Qun Liang L, Das SK, Chen YM, Liew HJ. Hoven's carp Leptobarbus hoevenii strategized metabolism needs to cope with changing environment. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25559. [PMID: 38404778 PMCID: PMC10884815 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Current water warming and freshwater acidification undoubtedly affect the life of aquatic animals especially ammonotelic teleost by altering their physiological responses. The effect of temperature (28 °C vs 32 °C) and pH (7 vs. 5) on the metabolic compromising strategies of Hoven's carp (Leptobarbus hoevenii) was investigated in this study. Fishes were conditioned to (i) 28 °C + pH 7 (N28°C); (ii) 32 °C + pH 7 (N32°C); (iii) 28 °C + pH 5 (L28°C) and (iv) 32 °C + pH 5 (L32°C) for 20 days followed by osmorespiration assay. Results showed that feeding performance of Hoven's carp was significantly depressed when exposed to low pH conditions (L28°C and L32°C). However, by exposed Hoven's carp to L32°C induced high metabolic oxygen intake and ammonia excretion to about 2x-folds higher compared to the control group. As for energy mobilization, Hoven's carp mobilized liver and muscle protein under L28°C condition. Whereas under high temperature in both pH, Hoven's carp had the tendency to reserve energy in both of liver and muscle. The findings of this study revealed that Hoven's carp is sensitive to lower water pH and high temperature, thereby they remodeled their physiological needs to cope with the environmental changes condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhaini Mohamad
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah Rahmah
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Rabiatul Adawiyyah Zainuddin
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Yusnita A Thallib
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Ros Suhaida Razali
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Jalilah
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Mazlan Abd Ghaffar
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
| | - Leong-Seng Lim
- Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Yu Mei Chang
- Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Harbin, China
| | - Li Qun Liang
- Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Harbin, China
| | - Simon Kumar Das
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
- Marine Ecosystem Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600, UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Young-Mao Chen
- Marine Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
- Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Hon Jung Liew
- Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Faculty of Fisheries and Food Science, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Malaysia
- Heilongjiang Province's Key Laboratory of Fish Stress Resistance Breeding and Germplasm Characteristics on Special Habitats, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liao G, Wang S, Wang Z, Zhang C, Li Z, Yang H, Zhou A, Xie S, Fan L, Wang M, Zou J, Zeng F. Characterization, Expression, and Functional Analysis of the Northern Snakehead (Channa argus) Hepcidin. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023:10.1007/s12602-023-10195-y. [PMID: 38048025 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepcidin, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), is a well-conserved molecule present in various species such as fish, amphibians, birds, reptiles, and mammals. It exhibits broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and holds a significant role in the innate immune system of host organisms. The northern snakehead (Channa argus) has become a valuable freshwater fish in China and Asia. In this investigation, the cDNA encoding the hepcidin gene of northern snakehead was cloned and named caHep. The amino acid sequences and protein structure of caHep are similar to those of hepcidins from other fish. The eukaryotic expression product of the caHep gene showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Scanning electron microscope analysis indicated that the caHep peptide inhibited bacterial growth by damaging their cell membranes. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection induced significant expression of caHep, implying the involvement of caHep in the innate immune response of northern snakeheads. This investigation showed that the caHep peptide is potentially a robust antibacterial drug against bacterial diseases in aquaculture animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Liao
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shulan Wang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zimo Wang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chaonan Zhang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zicong Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huirong Yang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
- Zhongshan Innovation Center of South China Agricultural University, Zhongshan, 528400, China
| | - Aiguo Zhou
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shaolin Xie
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lanfen Fan
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Meifang Wang
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jixing Zou
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Fang Zeng
- University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province, Hong Kong and Macao Region on Marine Bioresource Conservation and Exploitation, College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- Zhongshan Innovation Center of South China Agricultural University, Zhongshan, 528400, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma Q, Luo Y, Zhong J, Limbu SM, Li LY, Chen LQ, Qiao F, Zhang ML, Lin Q, Du ZY. Hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference between lipids and carbohydrates. Zool Res 2023; 44:954-966. [PMID: 37721105 PMCID: PMC10559088 DOI: 10.24272/j.issn.2095-8137.2023.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquatic organisms, which varies among fish species. However, the mechanisms underlying the ability of fish species to tolerate hypoxia are not well known. Here, we showed that hypoxia response in different fish species was affected by lipid catabolism and preference for lipid or carbohydrate energy sources. Activation of biochemical lipid catabolism through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Pparα) or increasing mitochondrial fat oxidation in tilapia decreased tolerance to acute hypoxia by increasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and reducing carbohydrate catabolism as an energy source. Conversely, lipid catabolism inhibition by suppressing entry of lipids into mitochondria in tilapia or individually knocking out three key genes of lipid catabolism in zebrafish increased tolerance to acute hypoxia by decreasing oxygen consumption and oxidative damage and promoting carbohydrate catabolism. However, anaerobic glycolysis suppression eliminated lipid catabolism inhibition-promoted hypoxia tolerance in adipose triglyceride lipase (atgl) mutant zebrafish. Using 14 fish species with different trophic levels and taxonomic status, the fish preferentially using lipids for energy were more intolerant to acute hypoxia than those preferentially using carbohydrates. Our study shows that hypoxia tolerance in fish depends on catabolic preference for lipids or carbohydrates, which can be modified by regulating lipid catabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ma
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jia Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, China
| | - Samwel Mchele Limbu
- School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam 60091, Tanzania
| | - Ling-Yu Li
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Li-Qiao Chen
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510301, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- LANEH, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cao S, Guan L, Li C, Sun G, Tian H, Sun R, Tu J, Meng Y, Ma R. Effects of Dietary Protein and Lipid Levels on Growth, Metabolism, Antioxidative Capacity, and Fillet Quality of Adult Triploid Rainbow Trout Farmed in Net Cage. AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:4733343. [PMID: 37288329 PMCID: PMC10243945 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4733343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The research is aimed at investigating the effects of dietary protein and lipid levels on adult triploid rainbow trout growth performance, feed utilization, digestive and metabolic enzyme activities, antioxidative capacity, and fillet quality. Nine diets containing three dietary protein levels (DP) (300, 350, and 400 g kg-1) and three dietary lipid levels (DL) (200, 250, and 300 g kg-1) were prepared using a 3 × 3 factorial design. In freshwater cages, 13,500 adult female triploid rainbow trout (3.2 ± 0.1 kg) were cultured for 77 days. Triplicate cages (500 fish per cage) were used as repetitions of each experimental diet. The findings revealed that as DP increased to 400 g kg-1 and DL raised to 300 g kg-1, the weight gain ratio (WGR) elevated significantly (P < 0.05). However, when DP ≥ 350 g kg-1, WGR was similar in the DL250 and DL300 groups. As DP raised to 350 g kg-1, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) notably decreased (P < 0.05). In the DP350DL300 group, lipids had a protein-sparing impact. High DP diet (400 g kg-1) generally improved fish health status by increasing antioxidant capacity in the liver and intestine. A high DL diet (300 g kg-1) showed no harmful effect on hepatic health based on plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and antioxidant capacity in the liver. For fillet quality, a high DP diet could increase fillet yield, improve fillet hardness, springiness, and water-holding capacity values, and inhibit the production of off-flavors caused by n-6 fatty acids. A high DL diet could increase odor intensity, and EPA, DHA, and n-3 fatty acid concentrations decrease the thrombogenicity index value. The maximum fillet redness value was discovered in the DP400DL300 group. Overall, for adult triploid rainbow trout (≥3 kg), the minimum recommended DP and DL according to growth performance were 400 and 250 g kg-1, respectively; DP and DL based on feed utilization were 350 and 200 g kg-1, respectively; DP and DL based on fillet quality were 400 and 300 g kg-1, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songjing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Lingling Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Changzhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Guoliang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Haining Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Ruijian Sun
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., LTD., Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Jun Tu
- Tongwei Agricultural Development Co., LTD., Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yuqiong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Rui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nazir S, Khan N, Fatima M, Azmat H, Naveed S, Ramzan MM, Asghar M, Bano S, Khizer A, Wan AHL, Davies SJ. The influence of dietary protein concentration on digestive enzyme activities, growth, and body composition in juvenile bullseye snakehead (Channa marulius). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281274. [PMID: 36787289 PMCID: PMC9928133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The bullseye snakehead (Channa marulius) is considered as an affordable and robust freshwater fish for farming in Asia. However, there is limited knowledge on the species' full nutritional requirements to date with extensive gaps in our knowledge and particularly in precision aspects of protein requirements. Therefore, a three-month feeding trial was conducted under semi-intensive farming conditions to determine the protein requirement of bullseye snakehead using test diets containing 40 (P40), 45 (P45), 50 (P50), and 55% (P55) crude protein levels. The growth performance results revealed that the 55% dietary protein group (P55) had the highest final mean weight (14.09 g fish-1), and net weight gain (12.82 g fish-1). When compared to other dietary treatments, the final weight (R2 = 0.921), and weight gain (R2 = 0.913), displayed a linear increasing trend as dietary protein is raised. The lowest FCR was observed in 50% (1.94±0.01) and 55% (1.97±0.01) CP diet groups compared to dietary treatments. Further analysis has shown that the body protein content also significantly increased as dietary protein was raised to 55%. Although, a reverse trend was found in body lipid levels with increasing protein in the diet. The incremental dietary protein also elevated proximal intestinal protease activity but decreased amylase and lipase activity. The overall essential and non-essential amino acids levels of snakehead fillet muscle reflected an increase in dietary protein. Overall, this study has shown that the fish fed a diet with 55% crude protein attained the highest growth performance and nutrient profile of the whole fish when compared to other dietary treatments tested. It would appear we did not obtain the maximum potential for growth under the present experimental conditions due to the upper protein constraint of 55% in the diet. Further quantitative studies are suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Nazir
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Noor Khan
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahroze Fatima
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamda Azmat
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saima Naveed
- Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Asghar
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sheeza Bano
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khizer
- Department of Fisheries & Aquaculture, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Alex H. L. Wan
- Aquaculture and Nutrition Research Unit (ANRU), Carna Research Station, Ryan Institute and School of Natural Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway city, Ireland
| | - Simon John Davies
- Aquaculture and Nutrition Research Unit (ANRU), Carna Research Station, Ryan Institute and School of Natural Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Galway, Galway city, Ireland
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Liu H, Huang Y, Huang X, Li M, Chen D, Geng Y, Ouyang P, Yang T, Dai J, Yang S, Luo W. Eucommia ulmoides Oliver enhances the antioxidant capacity and protects Micropterus salmoides from liver damage and immune function impairment caused by a high starch diet. J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2023.105424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
|
12
|
Zhang X, Wang A, Chang E, Han B, Xu J, Fu Y, Dong X, Miao S. Effects of dietary tryptophan on the antioxidant capacity and immune response associated with TOR and TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways in northern snakehead, Channa argus (Cantor, 1842). Front Immunol 2023; 14:1149151. [PMID: 37114056 PMCID: PMC10128191 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1149151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dietary tryptophan (Trp) has been shown to influence fish feed intake, growth, immunity and inflammatory responses. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of Trp on immune system of juvenile northern snakehead (Channa argus Cantor, 1842). Methods A total of 540 fish (10.21 ± 0.11 g) were fed six experimental diets containing graded levels of Trp at 1.9, 3.0, 3.9, 4.8, 5.9 and 6.8 g/kg diet for 70 days, respectively. Results and Discussion The results showed that supplementation of 1.9-4.8 g/kg Trp in diets had no effect on the hepatosomatic index (HSI) and renal index (RI), while dietary 3.9 and 4.8 g/kg Trp significantly increased spleen index (SI) of fish. Dietary 3.9, 4.8, 5.9 and 6.8 g/kg Trp enhanced the total hemocyte count (THC), the activities of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Malondinaldehyde (MDA) levels in the blood were significantly decreased by consuming 3.9 and 4.8 g/kg Trp. Fish fed with 3.0 and 3.9 g/kg Trp diets up-regulated interleukin 6 (il-6) and interleukin 8 (il-8) mRNA levels. The expression of tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α) was highest in fish fed with 3.0 g/kg Trp diet, and the expression of interleukin 1β (il-1β) was highest in fish fed with 3.9 g/kg Trp diet. Dietary 4.8, 5.9 and 6.8 g/kg Trp significantly decreased il-6 and tnf-α mRNA levels in the intestine. Moreover, Trp supplementation was also beneficial to the mRNA expression of interleukin 22 (il-22). Additionally, the mRNA expression levels of target of rapamycin (tor), toll-like receptor-2 (tlr2), toll-like receptor-4 (tlr4), toll-like receptor-5 (tlr5) and myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (myd88) of intestine were significantly up-regulated in fish fed 1.9, 3.0 and 3.9 g/kg Trp diets, and down-regulated in fish fed 4.8, 5.9 and 6.8 g/kg Trp diets. Dietary 4.8 and 5.9 g/kg Trp significantly increased the expression of inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B kinase beta subunit (ikkβ) and decreased the expression of inhibitor of kappa B (iκbα), but inhibited nuclear transcription factor kappa B (nf-κb) mRNA level. Collectively, these results indicated that dietary 4.8 g/kg Trp could improve antioxidant capacity and alleviate intestinal inflammation associated with TOR and TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathways.
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu Y, Li R, Wu X, Guo W, Li Y, Song Y, Tao B, Chen J, Han D, Xie S, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Hu W. Improved liver lipid catabolism and utilization in growth hormone transgenic common carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.) through enhanced lipolytic and fatty acid β-oxidation pathways. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:982488. [PMID: 36171901 PMCID: PMC9510774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.982488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) transgenic common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) show desirable aquaculture traits. Their specific growth rate (SGR) and feed efficiency (FE) are approximately 12% and 17% higher than the wild-type (WT) common carp, respectively. However, the mechanisms of lipid catabolism (lipolysis and fatty acid β-oxidation) and utilization in GH transgenic common carp are still unclear. In this study, we firstly compared the lipid metabolism of GH transgenic (initial weight 3.72 ± 0.32 g) and WT (initial weight 3.30 ± 0.28 g) common carp fed with a normal fat level diet (6% lipid, 33% protein) for two months, then compared the growth performance of GH transgenic (initial weight 3.65 ± 0.33 g) and WT (initial weight 3.27 ± 0.26 g) common carp fed with different fat levels diets (6% lipid and 12% lipid, 33% protein) for two months. We found that the lipid content in serum, liver and whole body was significantly reduced in GH transgenic common carp, the hepatic activities of the lipolytic enzymes hormone-sensitive lipase and adipose triglyceride lipase were enhanced, and the hepatic expression level of hormone-sensitive lipase was upregulated. In addition, the mitochondrion numbers were increased, and the expression level of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1a and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1b was upregulated in the liver of GH transgenic common carp. GH transgenic common carp showed higher weight gain and SGR than that in WT carp when fed with a normal-fat diet as they did when fed with a high-fat diet, and GH transgenic common carp showed higher FE than that in WT carp when fed with a high-fat diet. These results suggested that the lipid catabolism and utilization was improved in the GH transgenic common carp liver through enhanced lipolytic and fatty acid β-oxidation pathways. Our study provides new insights into improving lipid utilization in some aquaculture fish species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunya Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xingxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yongming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanlong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Binbin Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Ji Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Shouqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Basic Medical Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ding X, Nie X, Yuan C, Jiang L, Ye W, Qian L. Effects of Dietary Multienzyme Complex Supplementation on Growth Performance, Digestive Capacity, Histomorphology, Blood Metabolites and Hepatic Glycometabolism in Snakehead (Channa argus). Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12030380. [PMID: 35158703 PMCID: PMC8833691 DOI: 10.3390/ani12030380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The multienzyme complex is composed of one or several single enzymes as the main component, mixed with other single enzyme preparations, or obtained by the fermentation of one or more microorganisms, and an the exogenous enzyme mixture with multiple functions of a single enzyme. Supplementation with exogenous enzyme preparations offsets the negative effects of removing antibiotics from animal diets. The multienzyme complex supplemented in aquatic feed can enhance the secretion and activity of endogenous digestive enzymes in aquatic animals. Meanwhile, exogenous digestive enzymes can also help aquatic animals to decompose some anti-nutrients, improve the utilization and digestibility of feed, and promote animal growth. Abstract The present study evaluated the impact of dietary multienzyme complex (MEC) supplementation on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, histomorphology, serum metabolism and hepatopancreas glycometabolism in snakeheads (Channa argus). A total of 600 fish (initial weight, 69.70 ± 0.30 g) were randomly divided into four groups. Four diets were formulated: (1) control (basic diet); (2) E1 (400 U kg−1 amylase, 150 U kg−1 acid protease, 1900 U kg−1 neutral protease and basic diet); (3) E2 (800 U kg−1 amylase, 300 U kg−1 acid protease, 3800 U kg−1 neutral protease and basic diet); and (4) E3 (1200 U kg−1 amylase, 450 U kg−1 acid protease, 5700 U kg−1 neutral protease and basic diet). The results show that the E2 group increased the specific growth rate, weight gain rate and the final body weight, as well as decreasing the blood urea nitrogen, alanine aminotransferase and triglyceride. The mRNA levels and activities of digestive enzymes and key glucose metabolism enzymes in the hepatopancreas were enhanced in snakeheads fed the MEC. Meanwhile, moderate MEC diet (E2 groups) supplementation improved digestive tract morphology, increased the glycogen in the hepatopancreas and the lipids in the dorsal muscle. Moreover, plasma metabolomics revealed differential metabolites mainly involved in amino acid metabolism. These findings suggest that dietary supplementation with the MEC improved growth performance, digestive tract morphology, gene expression and the activity of digestive enzymes, enhanced the glycolysis-gluconeogenesis and amino acid metabolism of snakeheads, and the optimal composition of the MEC was group E2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.D.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xinzheng Nie
- Shandong Animal Husbandry General Station, Jinan 250022, China;
| | - Chunchun Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (X.D.); (C.Y.)
| | - Lai Jiang
- Hainan Academy of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China; (L.J.); (W.Y.)
| | - Wenxin Ye
- Hainan Academy of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China; (L.J.); (W.Y.)
| | - Lichun Qian
- Hainan Academy of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China; (L.J.); (W.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-88982171
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Thirunavukkarasar R, Kumar P, Sardar P, Sahu NP, Harikrishna V, Singha KP, Shamna N, Jacob J, Krishna G. Protein-sparing effect of dietary lipid: Changes in growth, nutrient utilization, digestion and IGF-I and IGFBP-I expression of Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT), reared in Inland Ground Saline Water. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2021.115150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
16
|
Yu Z, Zhao YY, Jiang N, Zhang AZ, Li MY. Bioflocs attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation, immunosuppression and oxidative stress in Channa argus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 114:218-228. [PMID: 33965525 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of C/N in aquaculture water is an important means of environmental regulation, of which the most common is bioflocs technology (BFT). Here, an eight-week feeding experiment and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge test were proceed to investigate the growth, oxidative stress, immunosuppression and GR-NF-κB related genes expression of Channa argus rearing in the BFT. Four groups were set, the control group was a basic diet (C/N = 7.6:1), and the other three groups were adjusted by glucose, which was C/N 10: 1, C/N 15: 1 and C/N 20:1, respectively. And we detected the two-stage test indexes of C. argus before and after the LPS challenge. The results showed that the bioflocs of C/N 15:1 group significantly (P < 0.05) promoted the growth performance. Similarly, the trend of immune enzyme activity was the same before and after LPS challenge, but decreased after challenge (except AKP and IgM). The best group is still treatment C/N 15:1. Liver and intestine SOD, CAT, GPX, ASA and T-AOC levels of juveniles in treatment C/N 15:1 were markedly increased (P < 0.05) compared to control before and after the LPS challenge. Simultaneously, the content of MDA in control group was considerably higher than that in treatment C/N 15:1 (P < 0.05). Furthermore, C/N 15:1 group significantly down-regulated the expression level of pro-inflammatory factors (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8), and up-regulated IκBα, GR, HSP70 and HSP90 expression levels considerably (P < 0.05). Also, intestinal morphology appeared injury in control group, while intestinal integrity was better in treatment C/N 10:1 and C/N 15:1 after challenge. Taken together, these upshot indicated that bioflocs could enhance growth and alleviate C. argus from LPS-induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression and inflammation through restraining GR-NF-κB signaling pathway. The best C/N ratio for alleviating LPS is 15:1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Yun-Yi Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, China
| | - Ai-Zhong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, China.
| | - Mu-Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163316, China; College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang X, Wu Z, Wu S, Chen X, Hanif M, Zhang S. Hematological and cytochemical characteristics of peripheral blood cells in the argus snakehead ( Ophiocephalus argus Cantor). PeerJ 2021; 9:e11234. [PMID: 33981499 PMCID: PMC8083180 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The argus snakehead (Ophiocephalus argus Cantor) is a highly nutritious, freshwater, cultured bony fish with a high economic value. The health of the fish is closely related to its blood cells, which are critical for oxygen transport, natural defense, and immunity. We investigated the morphometry, microstructure, and cytochemical characteristics of the peripheral blood cells of O. argus. Our results may provide the basic reference values needed to monitor the health of this fish for large-scale cultivation. METHODS The number of blood cells in O. argus were counted on a hemocytometer and their size was measured using a micrometer under light microscope. The morphology and classification of the blood cells were studied using Wright's staining and the cytochemical characteristics were studied using seven chemical stains including peroxidase (POX), Sudan black B (SBB), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), chloroacetic acid AS-D naphthol esterase (AS-D), and α-naphthol acetate esterase (α-NAE). RESULTS The peripheral blood cells in O. argus can be classified as erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes; of which, females had 2.9597 million/mm3, 88,400/mm3, and 43,600/mm3, respectively, and males had 3.0105 million/mm3, 105,500/mm3, and 34,000/mm3, respectively. Leukocytes consisted of neutrophils, monocytes, large lymphocytes, and small lymphocytes. Eosinophils and basophils were not found. Monocytes were the most numerous leukocytes identified, followed by neutrophils and small lymphocytes, while large lymphocytes were the least frequently identified. Cytochemical staining showed that erythrocytes were only positive for PAS staining. Neutrophils were strongly positive for POX, SBB, and ACP, and positive for all the other cytochemical stains. Monocytes were positive for PAS and α-NAE and were weakly positive for ACP and AS-D staining. Large lymphocytes were positive for PAS and were weakly positive for ALP, AS-D, and α-NAE staining. Small lymphocytes were positive for PAS and weakly positive for AS-D and α-NAE staining. Thrombocytes were positive for PAS and were weakly positive for ACP and AS-D, but negative for the remaining cytochemical stains. The morphology of peripheral blood cells in O. argus was generally similar to that of other fish species, while the cytochemical staining patterns showed clear species specificity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Zhengjie Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Shengmei Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Xianxian Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Misbah Hanif
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shengzhou Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dietary Supplementation of Astaxanthin Improved the Growth Performance, Antioxidant Ability and Immune Response of Juvenile Largemouth Bass ( Micropterus salmoides) Fed High-Fat Diet. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18120642. [PMID: 33333811 PMCID: PMC7765211 DOI: 10.3390/md18120642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) usually induces oxidative stress and astaxanthin is regarded as an excellent anti-oxidant. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary astaxanthin supplementation on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant ability, and immune response of juvenile largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) fed HFD. Four diets were formulated: the control diet (10.87% lipid, C), high-fat diet (18.08% lipid, HF), and HF diet supplemented with 75 and 150 mg kg-1 astaxanthin (HFA1 and HFA2, respectively). Dietary supplementation of astaxanthin improved the growth of fish fed HFD, also decreased hepatosomatic index and intraperitoneal fat ratio of fish fed HFD, while having no effect on body fat. Malondialdehyde content and superoxide dismutase activity were increased in fish fed HFD, astaxanthin supplementation in HFD decreased the oxidative stress of fish. The supplementation of astaxanthin in HFD also reduced the mRNA levels of Caspase 3, Caspase 9, BAD, and IL15. These results suggested that dietary astaxanthin supplementation in HFD improved the growth performance, antioxidant ability and immune response of largemouth bass.
Collapse
|
19
|
Ma S, Guo Y, Sun L, Fan W, Liu Y, Liu D, Huang D, Li X, Zhang W, Mai K. Over high or low dietary protein levels depressed the growth, TOR signaling, apoptosis, immune and anti-stress of abalone Haliotis discus hannai. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:241-251. [PMID: 32781210 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A 120-day feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of relative higher and lower dietary protein levels on the growth, immunity and anti-stress of abalone Haliotis discus hannai fed diets with 17.64% (low), 30.49% (normal) and 43.27% (high) of proteins, respectively. The results showed that compared with 30.49% of dietary protein, 17.64% and 43.27% of dietary protein levels significantly decreased the weight gain rate and the activities of α-amylase, trypsin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in the hepatopancreas and serum of abalone (P < 0.05). Abalone fed 30.49% of dietary protein had the highest activity of superoxidase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, lysozyme and the total anti-oxidative capacity, and the lowest content of malondialdehyde in the serum and hepatopancreas (P < 0.05). The gene expressions of TOR, S6k, Bcl-2, IκB, NfκB, TNF-α and Nrf2 were significantly up-regulated in the group with 30.49% of dietary protein (P < 0.05). Pathological abnormalities in hepatocyte cells of abalone were found in the groups with 17.64% and 43.27% of dietary protein. Meanwhile, accumulative mortalities of abalone after the Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge test and heat stress test were significantly increased within these two groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the excessive (43.27) or deficient (17.64) dietary protein levels depressed the growth and immunity of abalone. Combined with the stress tests results, 17.63% or 43.27% of dietary protein contents are not recommended to the abalone facing the stress of vibriosis or high-water temperature (≥28 °C).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuoli Ma
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yanlin Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Li Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenhao Fan
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yue Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Danni Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Dong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenbing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China.
| | - Kangsen Mai
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feeds (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), The Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), The Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Comparative analysis of the morphology, karyotypes and biochemical composition of muscle in Siniperca chuatsi, Siniperca scherzeri and the F1 hybrid (S. chuatsi ♀ × S. scherzeri ♂). AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2020.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
21
|
Liu M, Yin J, Han J, Ren J, Yang S. Channa argus BMH from Baima Hu Lake: sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2020; 5:2413-2415. [PMID: 33457809 PMCID: PMC7782640 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1775144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Northern snakehead, Channa argus, is a commercially important food fish species in China. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genome of C.argus from the Baima Hu Lake was characterized. It is 16,558 bp in length, consist of 22 tRNA genes, 13 PCD genes, 2 rRNA genes, and 1 D-loop region. The overall base composition of the C. argus mitogenome is 27.26% A, 24.21% T, 31.58% C and 16.95% G, exhibits a similar AT bias (51.47%) feature to other vertebrate mitogenomes. The phylogenetic analysis showed that C. argus clustered in genus Channa. The present resultes provide useful information to population genetics and conservation biology studies of Channa fishes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minyan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, P.R. China
| | - Junxia Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Han
- College of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, P.R. China
| | | | - Shoubao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Kong Y, Gao C, Du X, Zhao J, Li M, Shan X, Wang G. Effects of single or conjoint administration of lactic acid bacteria as potential probiotics on growth, immune response and disease resistance of snakehead fish (Channa argus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 102:412-421. [PMID: 32387561 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been documented to promoting growth, enhancing immunity and disease resistance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the single or conjoint effects of Lactococcus lactis L19 (Genbank: MT102745.1) and Enterococcus faecalis W24 (Genbank: MT102746.1) isolated from the intestine of Channa argus (C. argus) on growth performance, immune response and disease resistance of C. argus. A total of 720 apparently healthy C. argus (9.50 ± 0.03 g) were randomly divided into four equal groups. Fish were fed with a basal diet (CK) supplemented with L. lactis (L19), E. faecalis (W24), and L. lactis L19 + E. faecalis W24 (L + W) at 1.0 × 108 cfu/g basal diet for 56 days. After feeding, the final body weight (FBW), weight gain (WG), feed efficiency ratio (FER), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) had significantly increased (p < 0.05), especially with L19. The results indicated that single or conjoint administration of LAB as potential probiotics can induce high levels of IgM, ACP, AKP, LZM, C3 and C4 activity in serum, which may effectively induce humoral immunity, and L19 induce even higher levels. Meanwhile, when compared to CK group, the results of qPCR showed that LAB administration significantly up-regulated (p < 0.05) the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, HSP70, HSP90, TGF-β in the spleen, head kidney, gill, liver and intestine of C. argus. After challenge with Aeromonas veronii, the survival rates in all LAB-fed groups were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than that of the CK group, and the L19 group showed the highest (63.3%) disease resistance. Our data indicated that L. lactis L19 and E. faecalis W24, as a feed additive at 1.0 × 108 cfu/g feed, could promote growth performance, enhance immune response and disease resistance of C. argus, with greatest effects in fish fed L. lactis L19 for 56 days. Hence, these LAB additives could be used as promising probiotics for C. argus. L19 was more effective than W24 or the mixture of the two for promoting growth performance, enhancing immune response and disease resistance of C. argus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yidi Kong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Chunshan Gao
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Xiaoyan Du
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Institute of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Xiaofeng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Guiqin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Joint Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Technology International Cooperation, Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Han SL, Wang J, Zhang YX, Qiao F, Chen LQ, Zhang ML, Du ZY. Inhibited autophagy impairs systemic nutrient metabolism in Nile tilapia. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2019; 236:110521. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2019.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
24
|
Fang H, Xie J, Liao S, Guo T, Xie S, Liu Y, Tian L, Niu J. Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Shrimp Paste on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzymes Activities, Antioxidant and Immunological Status and Intestinal Morphology of Hybrid Snakehead ( Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). Front Physiol 2019; 10:1027. [PMID: 31440171 PMCID: PMC6693359 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.01027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A nutritional feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of shrimp paste on feeding attractiveness, growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, immune-related genes and intestinal morphology in hybrid snakehead (Channa maculata ♀ × Channa argus ♂). Two diets were formulated with or without shrimp paste supplementation (D1:0% and D2: 3%) to feed fish for 8 weeks. Results showed that growth performance (FBW, WG and SGR) and feed intake (FI) significantly increased with shrimp paste supplemented (P < 0.05), while FCR and SR of hybrid snakehead fed diets supplemented with shrimp paste or not showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Gut lipase and amylase activities were significantly higher in diet supplemented with shrimp paste than that in control one (P < 0.05). Hepatic antioxidant statuses of hybrid snakehead fed dietary shrimp paste or not showed no significant differences in total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase of fish (P > 0.05). Results showed that fish fed diet with shrimp paste supplemented did not show significant difference in expression of GR, IκB, P65 and IL8 than that in control group (P > 0.05). There are significantly more goblet cells in shrimp paste supplemented diet than that in control diet (P < 0.05). However, villi length and muscle thickness showed no significant difference compared to control diet (P > 0.05). The results indicated that dietary 3% shrimp paste supplementation improved the growth performance of hybrid snakehead by enhancing feed intake (FI) while made no difference to antioxidant capacity and immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animal and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Li MY, Guo WQ, Guo GL, Zhu XM, Niu XT, Shan XF, Tian JX, Wang GQ, Zhang DM. Effect of sub-chronic exposure to selenium and Allium mongolicum Regel flavonoids on Channa argus: Bioaccumulation, oxidative stress, immune responses and immune-related signaling molecules. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 91:122-129. [PMID: 31055018 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a micronutrient that becomes toxic when present at higher concentrations in fish tissues. Allium mongolicum Regel flavonoids (AMRF) have been documented to possess antioxidant, immunoenhancement and anti-inflammation properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and potential mechanisms of dietary supplementation of AMRF and Se exposure on oxidative stress, immune responses and immune-related genes expression in Channa argus. A total of 480 C. argus were randomly divided into eight groups housed in twenty-four 200 L glass aquarium (3 tanks per group, 20 fish per tank). The fish were exposed for 56 days to waterborne Se at 0, 50, 100 and 200 μg/L and/or dietary AMRF at 40 mg/kg. The result indicated that AMRF exerted significant protective effects by preventing alterations in the levels of bioaccumulation, malondialdehyde, lysozyme, complement C3 and immunoglobulin M. AMRF also assists in the elevation of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver and spleen while regulating the expression of immune-related genes including NF-κB p65, IκB-α, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8, HSP70, HSP90, and glucocorticoid receptor after 56 days of Se exposure. Our results suggest that administration of AMRF (40 mg/kg) has the potential to combat Se toxicity in C. argus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Wan-Qing Guo
- Testing Center of Quality and Safety in Aquatic Product, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Gui-Liang Guo
- Testing Center of Quality and Safety in Aquatic Product, Changchun, Jilin, 130000, China
| | - Xin-Ming Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Xiao-Tian Niu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Shan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Jia-Xin Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| | - Gui-Qin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China.
| | - Dong-Ming Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Ministry of Education Laboratory of Animal Production and Quality Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Li MY, Zhu XM, Niu XT, Chen XM, Tian JX, Kong YD, Zhang DM, Zhao L, Wang GQ. Effects of dietary Allium mongolicum Regel polysaccharide on growth, lipopolysaccharide-induced antioxidant responses and immune responses in Channa argus. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:2221-2230. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04677-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|