1
|
Huangfu W, Ma J, Zhang Y, Liu M, Liu B, Zhao J, Wang Z, Shi Y. Dietary Fiber-Derived Butyrate Alleviates Piglet Weaning Stress by Modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway. Nutrients 2024; 16:1714. [PMID: 38892647 PMCID: PMC11174469 DOI: 10.3390/nu16111714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
During weaning, piglets are susceptible to intestinal inflammation and impairment in barrier function. Dietary fiber (DF) plays an active role in alleviating weaning stress in piglets. However, the effects of different sources of dietary fiber on the performance of weaned piglets are inconsistent, and the mechanisms through which they affect intestinal health need to be explored. Therefore, in this study, sixty weaned piglets were randomly divided into three treatment groups: basal diet (control, CON), beet pulp (BP), and alfalfa meal (AM) according to the feed formulation for a 28-day trial. The results showed that both AM and BP groups significantly reduced diarrhea rate and serum inflammatory factors (IL-1β and TNF-α) and increased antioxidant markers (T-AOC and SOD), in addition to decreasing serum MDA and ROS concentrations in the AM group. At the same time, piglets in the AM group showed a significant reduction in serum intestinal permeability indices (LPS and DAO) and a substantial increase in serum immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, and IgM) and expression of intestinal barrier-associated genes (Claudin1, Occludin, ZO-1, and MUC1), which resulted in an improved growth performance. Interestingly, the effect of DF on intestinal inflammation and barrier function can be attributed to its modulation of gut microbes. Fiber-degrading bacteria enriched in the AM group (Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Pediococcus and Weissella) inhibited the production of TLR4- through the promotion of SCFAs (especially butyrate). MyD88-NF-κB signaling pathway activation reduces intestinal inflammation and repairs intestinal barrier function. In conclusion, it may provide some theoretical support and rationale for AM to alleviate weaning stress and improve early intestinal dysfunction, which may have implications for human infants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Huangfu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (W.H.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Jixiang Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (W.H.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (W.H.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Mengqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (W.H.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Boshuai Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (W.H.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (B.L.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jiangchao Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Division of Agriculture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA;
| | - Zhichang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (W.H.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (B.L.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yinghua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China; (W.H.); (J.M.); (Y.Z.); (M.L.); (B.L.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu H, Li A, Shi C, Chen L, Zhao Z, Yin X, Zhang Q, Huang Y, Pan H. Mulberry branch fiber improved lipid metabolism and egg yolk fatty acid composition of laying hens via the enterohepatic axis. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:73. [PMID: 38605412 PMCID: PMC11010431 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-024-01788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The utilization of mulberry branch fiber (MF), the largest by-product of the sericulture industry, is an important issue. Supplementation with MF as a dietary fiber for poultry may serve as a useful application. However, little is known about the effects of MF on liver lipid metabolism and egg yolk fatty acid composition of laying hens and their underlying mechanisms. In this study, we performed a multi-omics investigation to explore the variations in liver lipid metabolism, egg yolk fatty acid composition, gut microbiota, and the associations among them induced by dietary MF in laying hens. RESULTS Dietary MF had no harmful effects on the laying performance or egg quality in laying hens. The enzyme activities associated with lipid metabolism in the liver were altered by the addition of 5% MF, resulting in reduced liver fat accumulation. Furthermore, dietary 5% MF induced the variation in the fatty acid profiles of egg yolk, and increased the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) content. We observed a significant reduction in the diversity of both gut bacteria and changes in their compositions after the addition of MF. Dietary MF significantly increased the abundance of genes involved in fatty acid biodegradation, and short-chain fatty acids biosynthesis in the gut microbiota of laying hens. The significant correlations were observed between the liver lipid metabolism enzyme activities of hepatic lipase, lipoprotein lipase, and total esterase with gut microbiota, including negative correlations with gut microbiota diversity, and multiple correlations with gut bacteria and viruses. Moreover, various correlations between the contents of PUFAs and monounsaturated fatty acids in egg yolk with the gut microbiota were obtained. Based on partial-least-squares path modeling integrated with the multi-omics datasets, we deduced the direct effects of liver enzyme activities and gut bacterial compositions on liver fat content and the roles of liver enzyme activities and gut bacterial diversity on egg yolk fatty acid composition. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that dietary MF is beneficial to laying hens as it reduces the liver fat and improves egg yolk fatty acid composition through the enterohepatic axis. Video Abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Hu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Anjian Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Changyou Shi
- University of Maryl and School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21228, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zelong Zhao
- Shanghai BIOZERON Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201800, China
| | - Xiaojian Yin
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- WOD Poultry Research Institute, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Hongbin Pan
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hao J, Zhang J, Wu T. Fucoxanthin extract ameliorates obesity associated with modulation of bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat-diet fed mice. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:231-242. [PMID: 37831134 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-023-03256-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fucoxanthin extract (FX) is a type of carotenoid with a beneficial effect against obesity. The purpose of this study was to explore its precise action mechanism of losing weight. METHODS A high-fat diet induced obesity mouse model was established to study the effects of different doses of FX on C57BL/6J male mice for 12 weeks. Following intervention, serum indices, tissue sections, liver gene expression, and intestinal microorganisms were analyzed. RESULTS FX at low, medium, and high dosages (80, 160, and 320 mg/kg/day, respectively) for 12 weeks was associated with the lower body weight of mice when compared to that of high-fat-diet fed mice. It also improved glucose tolerance as well as serum lipid levels, and reduced fat accumulation. Significant regulation of bile acid metabolism and intestinal microbiota may contribute to the above effects. The bile acids in the FXH group were significantly increased. A low-dose and a medium-dose FX increased the level of transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5); a low-dose and high-dose FX increased the farnesoid X receptor (FXR) expression, and a medium-dose had no effect. 16S rRNA sequencing indicated that the Lachnospiraceae and Oscillospiraceae contributed to the beneficial effects of FX. CONCLUSION Our study sheds light on mechanisms behind the weight-lowering of FX, and manifested that bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota may be potential therapies. These results support that FX is a valuable candidate for promoting health and alleviating obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Jinxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Tao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hong X, Zhang Y, Ni H, Xiao Q, Yin Y, Ren J, Zhao P, Zhang Z, Li X, Li Y, Yang Y. Optimization of Fermented Maize Stover for the Fattening Phase of Geese: Effect on Production Performance and Gut Microflora. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:433. [PMID: 38338076 PMCID: PMC10854615 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
To optimize the utilization of fermented maize stover (FMS) feed during the fattening phase of Xianghai flying geese (XFG), a total of 300 XFG at 125 days of age were randomly assigned to four dietary treatment groups with three replicates of 25 in each set. Group A was fed the basal fattening diet, while the B, C, and D groups were fed the basic fattening diet and diets supplemented with 5%, 10% or 15% FMS, respectively. The findings indicate that the production performance indicators (especially the dressed, eviscerated and breast muscle yield) of Group D closely resembled Group A more than Groups B and C. Intestinal morphometry found that the jejunal villus height and the villus height/crypt depth were significantly increased in Group D compared to Group A. Next, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the extracted DNA revealed that beneficial microbiota (Coprococcus and Victivallis) showed increased abundance in Group D. Cecal flora function analysis further revealed that some amino acid and glycerol biosynthesis were found to be associated with growth performance in geese. These findings suggest that incorporating 15% FMS as a substitute for a portion of the feed during the fattening phase of XFG can effectively sustain their production performance, optimize the gut microbial community and morphometrical traits, provide new insight into using non-conventional feed resources to reduce feed cost and improve economic benefits in the breeding industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Hong
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Hongyu Ni
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Qingxing Xiao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yijing Yin
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Jing Ren
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Puze Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ziyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Center of Animal Experiment, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Yumei Li
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yuwei Yang
- College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; (X.H.); (Y.Z.); (H.N.); (Q.X.); (Y.Y.); (J.R.); (P.Z.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang W, Quan Z, Kou F, Zhang S, Cao L, Zhang Z. Preparation and characterization of soluble dietary fiber from tiger nut residues, showing enhanced antioxidant activity and metal-ion-binding properties. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1275473. [PMID: 38156276 PMCID: PMC10754513 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1275473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
To improve the utilization of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from tiger nut residues, the response surface methodology was used to optimize the conditions of superfine grinding to produce SDF with antioxidant and metal-ion-binding properties. The yield was increased (30.56%) and the average particle diameter of SDF was decreased (D50: 32.80 μm) under the optimal conditions (a proportion of grinding medium of 100%, a feeding mass of 0.90 kg, a grinding time of 20 min, and a moisture content of 8.00%). In addition, superfine grinding substantially modified the surface morphology and increased the SDF content and the proportion of monosaccharides by decreasing the molecular weight. Moreover, superfine grinding remarkably enhanced the in vitro antioxidant activities (ABTS+, DPPḤ, and ·OH) of the SDF, which also exhibited favorable metal-ion-binding properties (Ca2+, Zn2+, and Co2+). These results suggest that superfine grinding can be used as a technique to modify dietary fiber to manufacture functional SDF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Wang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhigang Quan
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Fang Kou
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
| | - Shenglong Zhang
- Heilongjiang Guohong Energy Saving and Environmental Protection Co., Harbin, China
| | - Longkui Cao
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- School of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu Y, Liu J, Du M, Yang H, Shi R, Shi Y, Zhang S, Zhao Y, Lan J. Short-chain fatty acid - A critical interfering factor for allergic diseases. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 385:110739. [PMID: 37805176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Allergy is a growing global public health problem with a high socio-economic impact. The incidence of allergic diseases is increasing year by year, which has attracted more and more attention. In recent years, a number of epidemiological investigations and gut microbiota studies have shown that gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with an increased prevalence of various allergic diseases, such as food allergy, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis. However, the underlying mechanisms are complex and have not been fully clarified. Metabolites are one of the main ways in which the gut microbiota functions. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites of intestinal flora fermentation and are beneficial to human health. Studies have shown that SCFAs play an important role in maintaining intestinal homeostasis and regulating immune responses by recognizing receptors and inhibiting histone deacetylases, and are key molecules involved in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. In addition, research on the regulation of gut microbiota and the application of SCFAs in the treatment of allergic diseases is also emerging. This article reviews the clinical and experimental evidence on the correlation between SCFAs and allergic diseases and the potential mechanisms by which SCFAs regulate allergic diseases. Furthermore, SCFAs as therapeutic targets for allergic diseases are also summarized and prospected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mi Du
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Hu Yang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ruiwen Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yilin Shi
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Shengben Zhang
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
| | - Jing Lan
- Department of Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Jinan, 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu M, Xu X, Sun C, Zheng X, Zhou Q, Song C, Xu P, Gao Q, Liu B. Tea Tree Oil Improves Energy Metabolism, Non-Specific Immunity, and Microbiota Diversity via the Intestine-Hepatopancreas Axis in Macrobrachium rosenbergii under Low Fish Meal Diet Administration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1879. [PMID: 37891958 PMCID: PMC10604904 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12101879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tea tree oil (TTO) is an essential plant oil with diverse antibacterial and antioxidant properties; however, whether the role played by TTO in low fish meal (LF) diets induced the observed effects in the farmed crustaceans remains unclear. Therefore, this study used Macrobrachium rosenbergii as the model crustacean, and an 8-week feeding experiment with NF (normal fish meal), LF (soybean meal replacing 40% fish meal), and LFT (LF with 200 mg/kg TTO) diets was conducted to evaluate the positive effects of TTO under the LF diet. Compared to the NF diet, the LF diet reduced hemolymph antioxidant capacity and non-specific immunity, and induced hepatopancreas apoptosis and damage. However, in comparison with LF, LTF significantly ameliorated morphological impairment in the hepatopancreas, improved hepatopancreas energy metabolism by upregulating the Bcl-2/Bax and Akt/mTOR pathways, and enhanced antioxidant and non-specific immune capacity by activating the NF-κB/NO pathway. In addition, LFT repaired intestinal barrier injury and the imbalance of intestinal microbiota induced by the LF diet. Moreover, the Pearson correlation revealed the variations of the above indicators, which were related to the abundance changes of Klebsiella, Clostridium sensu stricto 12, Thermobifida, Bifidobacterium, and Alistipes, indicating that these microbes might serve as prospective targets for the intestine-hepatopancreas axis to affect hepatopancreas apoptosis, metabolism, and non-specific immunity. In summary, 200 mg/kg TTO supplementation mediated gut microbiota and positively improved energy metabolism and non-specific immunity, thereby alleviating hepatopancreas dysplasia and damage induced by the LF diet in M. rosenbergii.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Liu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.L.); (X.X.); (C.S.); (Q.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Xiaodi Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.L.); (X.X.); (C.S.); (Q.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Cunxin Sun
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.L.); (X.X.); (C.S.); (Q.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Xiaochuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Qunlan Zhou
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.L.); (X.X.); (C.S.); (Q.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Changyou Song
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Pao Xu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.L.); (X.X.); (C.S.); (Q.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi 214081, China; (M.L.); (X.X.); (C.S.); (Q.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi 214081, China; (X.Z.); (C.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sung M, Yoon Y, Lee J. The Immunomodulatory Effect of β-Glucan Depends on the Composition of the Gut Microbiota. Foods 2023; 12:3148. [PMID: 37685079 PMCID: PMC10487241 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between the immunomodulatory effects of β-glucan and the composition of gut microbiota in mice. The mice were fed a diet containing β-glucan for 3 weeks, and feces, blood, and tissues were then collected to analyze the immunomodulatory effect and gut microbiota composition. Based on the results of the analysis of the expression level of immune-associated proteins, the high immunomodulatory effect group (HIE) and low immunomodulatory effect group (LIE) were categorized. Before the β-glucan diet, the proportions of the phylum Bacteroidota, family Muribaculaceae, and family Lactobacillaceae were significantly higher in HIE than in LIE. Furthermore, the genus Akkermansia was absent before the β-glucan diet and increased after β-glucan diet. These microbes had the ability to metabolize β-glucan or were beneficial to health. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that variation in the composition of gut microbiota among individuals can result in varying expressions of β-glucan functionality. This outcome supports the notion that β-glucan may be metabolized through diverse pathways by gut microbes originally possessed by mice, subsequently producing various metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids. Alternatively, the viscosity of the intestinal mucosa could be enhanced by β-glucan, potentially promoting the growth of certain bacteria (e.g., the genus Akkermansia). This study provides insights into the intricate interplay between β-glucan, gut microbiota, and immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miseon Sung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; (M.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yohan Yoon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea; (M.S.); (Y.Y.)
- Risk Analysis Research Center, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyeon Lee
- Department of Food & Nutrition, Dong-eui University, Busan 47340, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|