1
|
Teboul A, Arnaud L, Chasset F. Recent findings about antimalarials in cutaneous lupus erythematosus: What dermatologists should know. J Dermatol 2024; 51:895-903. [PMID: 38482997 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Antimalarials (AMs), particularly hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and chloroquine (CQ), are the cornerstone of the treatment for both systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE). HCQ and CQ are recommended as first-line oral agents in all CLE guidelines. Initially thought to have potential therapeutic effects against COVID-19, HCQ has drawn significant attention in recent years, highlighting concerns over its potential toxicity among patients and physicians. This review aims to consolidate current evidence on the efficacy of AMs in CLE. Our focus will be on optimizing therapeutic strategies, such as switching from HCQ to CQ, adding quinacrine to either HCQ or CQ, or adjusting HCQ dose based on blood concentration. Additionally, we will explore the potential for HCQ dose reduction or discontinuation in cases of CLE or SLE remission. Our review will focus on the existing evidence regarding adverse events linked to AM usage, with a specific emphasis on severe events and those of particular interest to dermatologists. Last, we will discuss the optimal HCQ dose and the balance between preventing CLE or SLE flares and minimizing toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Teboul
- Dermatology and Allergology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Department of Rheumatology, National Reference Center for Autoimmune diseases (RESO), Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR-S 1109, Strasbourg, France
| | - François Chasset
- Dermatology and Allergology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tenon Hospital, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
- INSERM U1135, CIMI, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Richez C, Cordel N, Maillard H, Willems A, Chasset F, Belot A, Arnaud L, Lazaro E, Hachulla E, Costedoat-Chalumeau N. Practical management of patients on hydroxychloroquine. Joint Bone Spine 2022; 88:105316. [PMID: 34969505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbspin.2021.105316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Richez
- Department of Rheumatology, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Auto-immunes Systémiques Rares RESO, Pellegrin Hospital, 33000 Bordeaux, France; Bordeaux University, CNRS 5164, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | - Nadège Cordel
- Department of Dermatology and Clinical Immunology, Guadeloupe University Hospital, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe and Normandie University, UNIROUEN, IRIB, Inserm U1234, Rouen, France
| | - Hélène Maillard
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Referral Centre for Centre for rare systemic autoimmune diseases North and North-West of France (CeRAINO), CHU Lille, University of Lille, Inserm U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | | | - François Chasset
- Sorbonne Université, faculté de médecine, Service de dermatologie et allergologie, hôpital Tenon, AP-HP, 75020 Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Belot
- University of Lyon, CIRI, INSERM U1111, National Referee Centre RAISE, Pediatric Rheumatology, HFME, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Arnaud
- Department of Rheumatology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, INSERM UMR-S 1109, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Auto-immunes Systémiques Rares RESO, Strasbourg, France
| | - Estibaliz Lazaro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre National de Référence des Maladies Auto-immunes Systémiques Rares RESO, Haut-Lévêque Hospital, 33604 Pessac, France; Bordeaux University, CNRS 5164, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Hachulla
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Referral Centre for Centre for rare systemic autoimmune diseases North and North-West of France (CeRAINO), CHU Lille, University of Lille, Inserm U1286 - INFINITE - Institute for Translational Research in Inflammation, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau
- Service de médecine interne, Centre de référence maladies autoimmunes et systémiques rares Île de France, APHP, Hôpital Cochin, F-75014 Paris, France; Université de Paris, Centre de recherche épidémiologie et biostatistiques de Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75004 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Law MF, Ho R, Law KWT, Cheung CKM. Gastrointestinal and hepatic side effects of potential treatment for COVID-19 and vaccination in patients with chronic liver diseases. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:1850-1874. [PMID: 35069994 PMCID: PMC8727202 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i12.1850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a global pandemic. Many clinical trials have been performed to investigate potential treatments or vaccines for this disease to reduce the high morbidity and mortality. The drugs of higher interest include umifenovir, bromhexine, remdesivir, lopinavir/ritonavir, steroid, tocilizumab, interferon alpha or beta, ribavirin, fivapiravir, nitazoxanide, ivermectin, molnupiravir, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin, and baricitinib. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and liver dysfunction are frequently seen in patients with COVID-19, which can make it difficult to differentiate disease manifestations from treatment adverse effects. GI symptoms of COVID-19 include anorexia, dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal pain. Liver injury can be a result of systemic inflammation or cytokine storm, or due to the adverse drug effects in patients who have been receiving different treatments. Regular monitoring of liver function should be performed. COVID-19 vaccines have been rapidly developed with different technologies including mRNA, viral vectors, inactivated viruses, recombinant DNA, protein subunits and live attenuated viruses. Patients with chronic liver disease or inflammatory bowel disease and liver transplant recipients are encouraged to receive vaccination as the benefits outweigh the risks. Vaccination against COVID-19 is also recommended to family members and healthcare professionals caring for these patients to reduce exposure to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Man Fai Law
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Rita Ho
- Department of Medicine, North District Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Carmen Ka Man Cheung
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lim JW, Lee JH, Kim HJ. Use of hydroxychloroquine in dermatology: A multicenter retrospective study in Korea. J Dermatol 2021; 49:173-178. [PMID: 34713476 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Despite the expanding clinical application of hydroxychloroquine in dermatology, the overall data on hydroxychloroquine use among dermatologists are limited. With retrospective review of the medical records of the 790 patients who were prescribed hydroxychloroquine, we classified the diagnoses into 12 disease categories, the lupus erythematosus group being the largest. The lupus erythematosus group had the longest prescription duration (median, 6.2 months), whereas the photodermatitis group had a significantly shorter prescription duration (median, 0.5 months). The overall good response rate was 77.1%. The photodermatitis group had the best response (88.7%), followed by the lupus panniculitis (85.1%) and lichen planus (84.4%). In conclusion, hydroxychloroquine has proven utility for various inflammatory skin diseases, including but not limited to cutaneous lupus erythematosus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Woo Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - June Hyunkyung Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Eulji General Hospital, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Joo Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lefrère B, Barbaud A, Bagot M, Bourgogne E. Eau tonique et quinine – un cocktail de bicentenaire servi en pleine effervescence. REVUE FRANÇAISE D'ALLERGOLOGIE 2021; 61:425-431. [PMID: 33995692 PMCID: PMC8114147 DOI: 10.1016/j.reval.2021.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objectifs de l’étude La pandémie à SARS-CoV-2 voit nombre de médias relayer la présence de quinine dans les eaux toniques. Si son effet antiviral a été soulevé in vitro, l’amalgame avec ses dérivés, comme l’hydroxychloroquine, suscite un attrait pour ces eaux. Dans le cadre supplémentaire du bicentenaire de la découverte de la quinine, l’objectif principal vise à analyser les réactions d’hypersensibilité liées à la consommation de boissons contenant de la quinine décrites dans la littérature. Patients et méthodes Nous avons analysé les cas publiés indexés sur Pubmed, Scopus, Google Scholar. Un score d’imputabilité de la quinine a été calculé pour chacune des observations. Un dosage de quinine a été pratiqué sur plusieurs breuvages dont la vérification de teneur n’avait pas fait l’objet de publication. Résultats En parallèle d’études pharmacocinétiques connexes, ce corpus compte 26 observations. Elles concernent principalement des hommes jeunes, dont la gravité des symptômes est variable : essentiellement dermatologique, avec érythème pigmenté fixe, exanthème généralisé, urticaires ; hématologique, avec thrombopénie, syndrome hémorragique, microangiopathie thrombotique ; plus rarement oculaire, cardiaque ou auditive. Le niveau d’imputabilité de la quinine est certain pour trois cas, probable pour vingt-deux, possible pour deux. Les teneurs testées des apéritifs et d’un vin cuit, toutes conformes aux normes, sont moindres que celle des eaux toniques. Discussion Peut-être sous diagnostiqué, le mécanisme majoritaire est de type immuno-allergique, sans qu’une réaction croisée avec d’autres quinoléines ait pu être montrée. Chez ces patients et les femmes allaitantes de nouveau-nés déficitaires en G6PD, tout médicament, phytothérapie, homéopathie, voire cosmétique contenant de la quinine, sur la base d’une liste didactique proposée, seraient à écarter.
Collapse
|
6
|
Dutt J, Ganatra B, Suthar N, Malek M, Shukla B, Shukla K, Shukla K, Pandit S, Rachchh M, Gokani R, Bhalani M. A randomized and comparative study to assess safety and efficacy of supplemental treatment of a herbal formulation - Aayudh Advance comprising essential oils in patients with corona virus 2019 (COVID-19). Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2021; 22:100755. [PMID: 33728385 PMCID: PMC7948525 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of herbal formulation - Aayudh Advance on viral load as well as recovery duration in mild symptomatic patients diagnosed with Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). It also aimed to study the effect of Herbal formulation - Aayudh Advance in terms of clinical improvement of various sign and symptoms in mild symptomatic COVID-19 patients. METHOD Once the patient suffice the requirement of inclusion, exclusion criteria of the study than as per the method of 'Covariate Adaptive Randomization' technique, patient was assigned in either Aayudh Advance arm (Test arm) or Control Arm. Here standard of Care treatment was given to all patients of both the arms. Treatment was given for the period of 14 days or till patient turned COVID-19 negative, which ever was earlier. Clinical signs and symptoms viz. body temperature, SpO 2, Scoring of Cough & Scoring of Shortness of breath were recorded on all 5 Clinical visits along with biochemical testing like RT-PCR (with CT value of E gene and RDRP gene), serum ferritin, CRP and NLR observed on weekly Visit. RESULT Total 74 patients were enrolled in the present study. Out of which 60 patients (30 patients in each group) have completed study as per the protocol, whereas 14 patients have voluntarily withdrawn from the study due to getting early discharge from the hospital. All patients in Aayudh Advance treatment group recovered (100%) after 14 days. This observed recovery was 15.38% more as compared to Standard of Care treatment alone. Further, there was statistically significant reduction (p < 0.05) in viral load as indicated by significant increase in CT value of E-gene and RDRP gene. Further, no patients reported any Adverse Reaction as well as no drug to drug interaction was observed with supplemental treatment with Aayudh Advance. CONCLUSION The Aayudh Advance was found safe as well as more effective in terms of reduction of viral load. % recovery was more in Treatment arm as compared to Control arm in mild symptomatic COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh Dutt
- Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College & SVPIMSR, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, 380006, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavdeep Ganatra
- Ganatra Ayurveda & Panchkarma Clinic, 125, Advait Complex, Opp Soham Tower, B /s Sandesh Press, Vastrapur, Ahmedabad, 380054, Gujarat, India
| | | | - Mohammedebrahim Malek
- Smt. NHL Municipal Medical College & SVPIMSR, Ellisbridge, Ahmedabad, 380006, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhakti Shukla
- M/s Shukla Ashar Impex Pvt. Ltd., Rajkot, 360001, Gujarat, India
| | - Krupali Shukla
- M/s Shukla Ashar Impex Pvt. Ltd., Rajkot, 360001, Gujarat, India
| | - Karna Shukla
- M/s Shukla Ashar Impex Pvt. Ltd., Rajkot, 360001, Gujarat, India
| | - Shreya Pandit
- Pandit Dindayal Gov. Hospital, Rajkot, 360001, Gujarat, India
| | - Manish Rachchh
- M/s Accuprec Research Labs Pvt Ltd., Ahmedabad, 382213, Gujarat, India
| | - Rina Gokani
- M/s Accuprec Research Labs Pvt Ltd., Ahmedabad, 382213, Gujarat, India
| | - Mona Bhalani
- M/s Accuprec Research Labs Pvt Ltd., Ahmedabad, 382213, Gujarat, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abbas HM, Al‐Jumaili AA, Nassir KF, Al‐Obaidy MW, Al Jubouri AM, Dakhil BD, Abdulelah MM, Al Khames QA. Assessment of COVID-19 Treatment containing both Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin: A natural clinical trial. Int J Clin Pract 2021; 75:e13856. [PMID: 33231925 PMCID: PMC7744890 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.13856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this study was to assess the clinical effectiveness and safety profile of the COVID-19 treatment protocol (containing both hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and azithromycin) in an Iraqi specialised hospital. METHODS This prospective study used a pre- and post-intervention design without a comparison group. The intervention was routine Ministry of Health (MOH) approved the management of COVID-19 for all patients. The study was conducted in a public healthcare setting in Baghdad, Iraq from March 1st to May 25, 2020. The study outcome measures included the changes in clinical and biochemical parameters during the hospitalisation period. Paired t-test and Chi-square test were used to compare the measures of vital signs, lab tests and symptoms before and after treatment. RESULTS The study included 161 patients who were admitted with positive RT-PCR and clinical symptoms of COVID-19. In terms of severity, 53 (32.9%) patients had amild condition, 47 (29.2%) had moderate condition, 35 (21.7%) had severe condition and 26 (16.1%) had critical condition. Most patients (84.5%) recovered and were discharged without symptoms after testing negative with RT-PCR, while 11 (6.8%) patients died during the study period. The signs and symptoms of COVID-19 were reduced significantly in response to a therapy regimen containing HCQ and azithromycin. The most common reported side effects were stomach pain, hypoglycemia, dizziness, itching, skin rash, QT prolongation, arrhythmia, and conjunctivitis. CONCLUSIONS This natural trial showed that the COVID-19 regimen containing both HCQ and azithromycin can be helpful to promote the recovery of most patients and reduced their signs and symptoms significantly. It also shows some manageable side effects mostly those related to heart rhythm. In the absence of FDA-approved medications to treat COVID-19, the repurposing of HCQ and azithromycin to control the disease signs and symptoms can be useful.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ali Azeez Al‐Jumaili
- College of PharmacyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
- Clinical Pharmacy DepartmentUniversity of Baghdad College of PharmacyBaghdadIraq
| | - Kawthar F. Nassir
- Therapeutic Drug Monitoring CenterBaghdad Teaching HospitalMedical City ComplexBaghdadIraq
| | | | - Adnan Mohammed Al Jubouri
- University of Baghdad College of MedicineBaghdadIraq
- Baghdad Teaching HospitalMedical City Teaching ComplexBaghdadIraq
| | - Basim Dhawi Dakhil
- Critical Care UnitBagdad Teaching HospitalMedical City ComplexInternal Medicine Department in Al‐Shifa center for the treatment of COVID‐19BaghdadIraq
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lenfant T, Salah S, Leroux G, Bousquet E, Le Guern V, Chasset F, Francès C, Morel N, Chezel J, Papo T, Cacoub P, Mouthon L, Guettrot-Imbert G, Cohen P, Régent A, Mauget-Faÿsse M, Piette JC, Jallouli M, Costedoat-Chalumeau N. Risk factors for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study with hydroxychloroquine blood-level analysis. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 59:3807-3816. [PMID: 32442312 PMCID: PMC8186841 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keaa157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HCQ is an essential medication in SLE, proven to lengthen survival and reduce flares. Its use, however, is limited by its rare but severe ophthalmological complications. Here, we aimed to analyse factors associated with HCQ retinopathy including HCQ blood levels. METHODS This case-control study compared SLE patients with and without HCQ retinopathy, defined by abnormal results for at least two of the following ophthalmological tests: automated visual fields, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) and fundus autofluorescence. We compared clinical and laboratory findings to assess risk factors for HCQ retinopathy. RESULTS The study included 23 patients with confirmed retinopathy (cases) and 547 controls. In the univariate analysis, age (P < 0.001), height (P = 0.045), creatinine clearance (P < 0.001), haemoglobin concentration (P = 0.01), duration of HCQ intake, (P < 0.001), higher cumulative HCQ dose (P < 0.001) and geographical origin (West Indies and sub-Saharan Africa) (P = 0.007) were associated with the risk of retinopathy, while HCQ blood levels were not. In the multivariate analysis, only cumulative dose (P = 0.016), duration of intake (P = 0.039), creatinine clearance (P = 0.002) and geographical origin (P < 0.0001, odds ratio 8.7) remained significantly associated with retinopathy. CONCLUSION SLE patients on HCQ should be closely monitored for retinopathy, especially those from the West Indies or sub-Saharan Africa, or with renal insufficiency, longer HCQ intake or a high cumulative dose. Although reducing the daily dose of HCQ in patients with persistently high HCQ blood levels seems logical, these concentrations were not associated with retinopathy in this study with controls adherent to treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Lenfant
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP
| | - Sawsen Salah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophtalmopôle, Cochin Hospital, APHP
| | - Gaëlle Leroux
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares de l'île de France, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP
| | - Elodie Bousquet
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ophtalmopôle, Cochin Hospital, APHP.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Paris
| | - Véronique Le Guern
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP
| | - François Chasset
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Tenon Hospital, APHP.,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University
| | - Camille Francès
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Tenon Hospital, APHP
| | - Nathalie Morel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP
| | - Julie Chezel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, APHP
| | - Thomas Papo
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Paris.,Department of Internal Medicine, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, APHP
| | - Patrice Cacoub
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares de l'île de France, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP.,Faculty of Medicine, Sorbonne University.,INSERM, UMR_S 959.,Paris CNRS, FRE3632
| | - Luc Mouthon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Paris.,INSERM U1016, Équipe Neutrophiles et Vascularites, Institut Cochin
| | - Gaëlle Guettrot-Imbert
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP
| | - Pascal Cohen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP
| | - Alexis Régent
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Paris
| | - Martine Mauget-Faÿsse
- Clinical Investigative Platform, Rothschild Ophthalmologic Foundation Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Charles Piette
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares de l'île de France, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, APHP
| | - Moez Jallouli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hédi Chaker Sfax Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nathalie Costedoat-Chalumeau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Centre de Référence Maladies Auto-Immunes et Systémiques Rares d'Ile de France, Cochin Hospital, APHP.,Faculty of Medicine, Université de Paris.,Center for Epidemiology and Statistics, Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS), INSERM U1153, Paris, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mantripragada AS, Teja SP, Katasani RR, Joshi P, V M, Ramesh R. Prediction of adverse drug reactions using drug convolutional neural networks. J Bioinform Comput Biol 2021; 19:2050046. [PMID: 33472571 DOI: 10.1142/s0219720020500468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prediction of Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs) has been an important aspect of Pharmacovigilance because of its impact in the pharma industry. The standard process of introduction of a new drug into a market involves a lot of clinical trials and tests. This is a tedious and time consuming process and also involves a lot of monetary resources. The faster approval of a drug helps the patients who are in need of the drug. The in silico prediction of Adverse Drug Reactions can help speed up the aforementioned process. The challenges involved are lack of negative data present and predicting ADR from just the chemical structure. Although many models are already available to predict ADR, most of the models use biological activities identifiers, chemical and physical properties in addition to chemical structures of the drugs. But for most of the new drugs to be tested, only chemical structures will be available. The performance of the existing models predicting ADR only using chemical structures is not efficient. Therefore, an efficient prediction of ADRs from just the chemical structure has been proposed in this paper. The proposed method involves a separate model for each ADR, making it a binary classification problem. This paper presents a novel CNN model called Drug Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) to predict ADRs using chemical structures of the drugs. The performance is measured using the metrics such as Accuracy, Recall, Precision, Specificity, F1 score, AUROC and MCC. The results obtained by the proposed DCNN model outperform the competing models on the SIDER4.1 database in terms of all the metrics. A case study has been performed on a COVID-19 recommended drugs, where the proposed model predicted the ADRs that are well aligned with the observations made by medical professionals using conventional methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sai Phani Teja
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIITDM Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
| | - Rohith Reddy Katasani
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIITDM Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
| | - Pratik Joshi
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIITDM Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
| | - Masilamani V
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIITDM Kancheepuram, Chennai 600127, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Austin D, John C, Hunt BJ, Carling RS. Validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of hydroxychloroquine and metabolites in human whole blood. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 58:2047-2061. [DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an anti-malarial and immunomodulatory drug reported to inhibit the Corona virus, SARS-CoV-2, in vitro. At present there is insufficient evidence from clinical trials to determine the safety and efficacy of HCQ as a treatment for COVID-19. However, since the World Health Organisation declared COVID-19 a pandemic in March 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration issued an Emergency Use Authorisation to allow HCQ and Chloroquine (CQ) to be distributed and used for certain hospitalised patients with COVID-19 and numerous clinical trials are underway around the world, including the UK based RECOVERY trial, with over 1000 volunteers. The validation of a liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of HCQ and two of its major metabolites, desethylchloroquine (DCQ) and di-desethylchloroquine (DDCQ), in whole blood is described.
Methods
Blood samples were deproteinised using acetonitrile. HCQ, DCQ and DDCQ were chromatographically separated on a biphenyl column with gradient elution, at a flow rate of 500 μL/min. The analysis time was 8 min.
Results
For each analyte linear calibration curves were obtained over the concentration range 50-2000 μg/L, the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 13 μg/L, the inter-assay relative standard deviation (RSD) was <10% at 25, 800 and 1750 μg/L and mean recoveries were 80, 81, 78 and 62% for HCQ, d4-HCQ, DCQ and DDCQ, respectively.
Conclusion
This method has acceptable analytical performance and is applicable to the therapeutic monitoring of HCQ, evaluating the pharmacokinetics of HCQ in COVID-19 patients and supporting clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donna Austin
- Biochemical Sciences, Viapath , Guys & St Thomas’ NHSFT , London , UK
| | - Catharine John
- Biochemical Sciences, Viapath , Guys & St Thomas’ NHSFT , London , UK
| | - Beverley J Hunt
- Thrombosis & Haemophilia Centre , Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHSFT , London , UK
| | - Rachel S. Carling
- Biochemical Sciences, Viapath , Guys & St Thomas’ NHSFT , London , UK
- GKT Medical School , Kings College London , London , UK
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Morrisette T, Lodise TP, Scheetz MH, Goswami S, Pogue JM, Rybak MJ. The Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of Hydroxychloroquine and Dose Selection for COVID-19: Putting the Cart Before the Horse. Infect Dis Ther 2020; 9:561-572. [PMID: 32740858 PMCID: PMC7395206 DOI: 10.1007/s40121-020-00325-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the 2019 novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently responsible for a global pandemic. To date, only remdesivir and dexamethasone have demonstrated a positive response in a prospective, randomized trial for the treatment of patients with COVID-19. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is an agent available in an oral formulation with in vitro activity against SARS-CoV-2 that has been suggested as a potential agent. Unfortunately, results of randomized trials evaluating HCQ as treatment against a control group are lacking, and little is known about its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profile against SARS-CoV-2. The objective of this review was to describe the current understanding of the PK/PD and dose selection of HCQ against SARS-CoV-2, discuss knowledge gaps, and identify future studies that are needed to optimize the efficacy and safety of treatments against COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Morrisette
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Thomas P Lodise
- Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Marc H Scheetz
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chicago College of Pharmacy, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
- Pharmacometrics Center of Excellence, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
- Department of Pharmacy, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, Downers Grove, IL, USA
| | | | - Jason M Pogue
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael J Rybak
- Anti-Infective Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
- Department of Pharmacy, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Pastick KA, Okafor EC, Wang F, Lofgren SM, Skipper CP, Nicol MR, Pullen MF, Rajasingham R, McDonald EG, Lee TC, Schwartz IS, Kelly LE, Lother SA, Mitjà O, Letang E, Abassi M, Boulware DR. Review: Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7:ofaa130. [PMID: 32363212 PMCID: PMC7184359 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a rapidly emerging viral infection causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have garnered unprecedented attention as potential therapeutic agents against COVID-19 following several small clinical trials, uncontrolled case series, and public figure endorsements. While there is a growing body of scientific data, there is also concern for harm, particularly QTc prolongation and cardiac arrhythmias. Here, we perform a rapid narrative review and discuss the strengths and limitations of existing in vitro and clinical studies. We call for additional randomized controlled trial evidence prior to the widespread incorporation of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine into national and international treatment guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn A Pastick
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Fan Wang
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Sarah M Lofgren
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Caleb P Skipper
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Melanie R Nicol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Matthew F Pullen
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Radha Rajasingham
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Emily G McDonald
- Clinical Practice Assessment Unit, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Todd C Lee
- Clinical Practice Assessment Unit, Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ilan S Schwartz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
| | - Lauren E Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Department of Pharmacology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sylvain A Lother
- Department of Medicine, Sections of Critical Care and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Oriol Mitjà
- Fight AIDS and Inf Dis Foundation, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emili Letang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital del Mar/Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mahsa Abassi
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - David R Boulware
- Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| |
Collapse
|