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Wang Q, Chen H, Yang C, Liu Y, Li F, Zhang C. Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of SOX9 expression in gastric cancer patients: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30533. [PMID: 36123852 PMCID: PMC9478245 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SOX9 is a potential prognostic marker in gastric cancer (GC) patients. This meta-analysis aimed to highlight the clinicopathological and prognostic implications of SOX9 expression in GC patients. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies by the electronic literature databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE and Chinese databases). Review Manager version 5.4 was employed to evaluate the pooled odds ratio (OR) or hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Seventeen studies with a total of 2893 GC patients were enrolled in this meta-analysis. The analysis with ten articles clarified that higher expression of SOX9 was observed in GC cancers than that of normal gastric samples (OR = 16.26; 95% CI: 8.16 to 32.42; P < .00001). Consequently, the results also showed that SOX9 expression was closely associated with age (OR = 1.34; 95% CI: 1.04-1.72; P = .03), tumor size (OR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.49-0.91; P = .01), histological differentiation (OR = 0.62; 95% CI: 0.36-1.06; P = .002), tumor stage (OR = 0.48; 95% CI: 0.20-1.12; P = .04), lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.36; 95% CI: 0.19-0.67; P = .0010) and advanced TNM stage (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.30-0.70; P = .0003), but not significantly related to gender, distant metastasis and vascular invasion. Furthermore, high SOX9 expression could significantly indicate poorer overall survival (OS) (HR = 1.40; 95% CI: 1.14-1.72; P = .001). CONCLUSION SOX9 overexpression might be related to poor prognosis and could serve as a potential predictive marker of poor clinicopathological prognosis factor in GC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Congying Yang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Pathology and Medical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunfang Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, China
- *Correspondence: Chunfang Zhang, Department of Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital, No.6, Zhenhua Road, Lianyungang City 222002, Jiangsu Province, China (e-mail: )
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Knocking Out of CEACAM1 Can Reduce Oxidative Stress and Promote Cell Proliferation in the HPMVECs under Hypoxia. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:1748793. [PMID: 35812245 PMCID: PMC9259375 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1748793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) induced by hypoxia is common in clinical practice and often suggests a poor prognosis. The oxidative stress and proliferation of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells caused by hypoxia are the major mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of PH. It has been reported in recent years that the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) promotes angiogenesis. In this study, normal human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMVECs) and HPMVECs with stable knockout of CEACAM1 by CRISPR-Cas9 were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) to induce hypoxic conditions. JC-1, ROS, and cell cycle profile were analyzed for each cell line and controls, using flow cytometry. A tube formation assay was used to detect angiogenesis, along with expression levels of CEACAM1, TNF-α, VEGF, VEGFR-2, p-P38/P38, and CyclinD1 proteins (to distinguish profiles of angiogenic growth and cell proliferation). We observed increased expression of CEACAM1 in HPMVECs after OGD/R, while ROS production was reduced and mitochondrial membrane potential was increased after OGD/R in CEACAM1−/− HPMVECs. Furthermore, we observed increased cell division in CEACAM−/− HPMVECs, accompanied by enhanced angiogenesis and reduced TNF-α protein expression and increased VEGF, VEGFR-2, and CyclinD1 expression. Together, these data suggest that upregulation of CEACAM1 in HPMVECs under hypoxic conditions may damage cells by increasing oxidative stress and inhibiting cell proliferation.
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Zu G, Gao J, Zhou T. The Clinicopathological and Prognostic Significance of SOX9 Expression in Gastric Cancer: Meta-Analysis and TCGA Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:668946. [PMID: 34568009 PMCID: PMC8458960 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.668946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinicopathological and prognostic significance of SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) expression in gastric cancer (GC) patients is still controversial. Our aim is to investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic value of SOX9 expression in GC patients. METHODS A systemic literature search and meta-analysis were used to evaluate the clinicopathological significance and overall survival (OS) of SOX9 expression in GC patients. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset was used to investigate the relationship between SOX9 expression and OS of stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) patients. RESULTS A total of 11 articles involving 3,060 GC patients were included. In GC patients, the SOX9 expression was not associated with age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.743, 95% CI = 0.507-1.089, p = 0.128], sex (OR = 0.794, 95% CI = 0.605-1.042, p = 0.097), differentiation (OR = 0.728, 95% CI = 0.475-1.115, p = 0.144), and lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.031, 95% CI = 0.793-1.340, p = 0.820). SOX9 expression was associated with depth of invasion (OR = 0.348, 95% CI = 0.247-0.489, p = 0.000) and TNM stage (OR = 0.428, 95% CI = 0.308-0.595, p = 0.000). The 1-year OS (OR = 1.507, 95% CI = 1.167-1.945, p = 0.002), 3-year OS (OR = 1.482, 95% CI = 1.189-1.847, p = 0.000), and 5-year OS (OR = 1.487, 95% CI = 1.187-1.862, p = 0.001) were significantly shorter in GC patients with high SOX9 expression. TCGA analysis showed that SOX9 was upregulated in STAD patients compared with that in normal patients (p < 0.001), and the OS of STAD patients with a high expression of SOX9 is poorer than that in patients with low expression of SOX9, but the statistical difference is not obvious (p = 0.31). CONCLUSION SOX9 expression was associated with the depth of tumor invasion, TNM stage, and poor OS of GC patients. SOX9 may be a potential prognostic factor for GC patients but needs further study. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO, ID NUMBER 275712.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Zu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiacheng Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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4
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Luebke AM, Ricken W, Kluth M, Hube-Magg C, Schroeder C, Büscheck F, Möller K, Dum D, Höflmayer D, Weidemann S, Fraune C, Hinsch A, Wittmer C, Schlomm T, Huland H, Heinzer H, Graefen M, Haese A, Minner S, Simon R, Sauter G, Wilczak W, Meiners J. Loss of the adhesion molecule CEACAM1 is associated with early biochemical recurrence in TMPRSS2:ERG fusion-positive prostate cancers. Int J Cancer 2020; 147:575-583. [PMID: 32150281 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Altered expression of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) has been linked to adverse tumor features in various cancer types. To better understand the role of CEACAM1 in prostate cancer, we analyzed a tissue microarray containing tumor spots from 17,747 prostate cancer patients by means of immunohistochemistry. Normal prostate glands showed intense membranous CEACAM1 positivity. Immunostaining was interpretable in 13,625 cancers and was considered high in 28%, low in 43% and absent in 29% of tumors. Low and lost CEACAM1 expression was strongly linked to adverse tumor features including high classical and quantitative Gleason grade, lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage, positive surgical margin, a high number of genomic deletions and early biochemical recurrence (p < 0.0001 each). Subset analysis of molecularly defined cancer subsets revealed that these associations were strongest in V-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog (ERG) fusion-positive cancers and that CEACAM1 loss was prognostic even in tumors harboring genomic deletions of the phosphatase and tensin homolog tumor suppressor (p < 0.0001). Multivariate analysis suggested that CEACAM1 analysis can provide independent prognostic information beyond established prognosis parameters at the stage of the initial biopsy when therapy decisions must be taken. In conclusion, loss of CEACAM1 expression predicts poor prognosis in prostate cancer and might provide clinically useful prognostic information particularly in cancers harboring the TMPRSS2:ERG fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas M Luebke
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wiebke Ricken
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martina Kluth
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Schroeder
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David Dum
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Corinna Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Heinzer
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Haese
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Wilczak
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Meiners
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Song S, Wang Z, Li Y, Ma L, Jin J, Scott AW, Xu Y, Estrella JS, Song Y, Liu B, Johnson RL, Ajani JA. PPARδ Interacts with the Hippo Coactivator YAP1 to Promote SOX9 Expression and Gastric Cancer Progression. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:390-402. [PMID: 31796534 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-0895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite established functions of PPARδ in lipid metabolism and tumorigenesis, the mechanisms underlying its role in gastric cancer are undefined. Here, we demonstrate that SOX9 was dramatically induced by stably expressing PPARδ and by its agonist GW501516 in human gastric cancer cell lines. PPARδ knockdown in patient-derived gastric cancer cells dramatically reduced SOX9 expression and transcriptional activity, with corresponding decreases in invasion and tumor sphere formation. Mechanistically, PPARδ induced SOX9 transcription through direct interaction with and activation of the Hippo coactivator YAP1. PPARδ-YAP1 interaction occurred via the C-terminal domain of YAP1, and both TEAD- and PPARE-binding sites were required for SOX9 induction. Notably, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genetic ablation of YAP1 or SOX9 abolished PPARδ-mediated oncogenic functions. Finally, expression of PPARδ, YAP1, and SOX9 were significantly correlated with each other and with poor survival in a large cohort of human gastric cancer tissues. Thus, these findings elucidate a novel mechanism by which PPARδ promotes gastric tumorigenesis through interaction with YAP1 and highlights the PPARδ/YAP1/SOX9 axis as a novel therapeutic target in human gastric cancer. IMPLICATIONS: Our discovery of a new model supports a distinct paradigm for PPARδ and a crucial oncogenic function of PPARδ in gastric cancer through convergence on YAP1/TEAD signaling. Therefore, PPARδ/YAP1/SOX9 axis could be a novel therapeutic target that can be translated into clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Song
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
| | - Zhenning Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Lang Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jiankang Jin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ailing W Scott
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | | | - Yongxi Song
- Department of Surgical Oncology and General Surgery, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Epigenetics and Molecular Carcinogenesis, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Randy L Johnson
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Expression and Clinical Relevance of SOX9 in Gastric Cancer. DISEASE MARKERS 2019; 2019:8267021. [PMID: 31275454 PMCID: PMC6589301 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8267021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is one of the most frequent tumours and the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The investigation of new biomarkers that can predict patient outcome more accurately and allow better treatment and follow-up decisions is of crucial importance. SOX9 (sex-determining region Y (SRY)-box 9) is a regulator of cell fate decisions in embryogenesis and adulthood. Here, we sought to ascertain the relevance of SOX9 transcription factor as a prognostic marker in gastric cancer. SOX9 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 333 gastric adenocarcinoma cases, and its association with clinicopathological and follow-up data was evaluated. SOX9 nuclear expression was absent in 17% of gastric cancer cases and predicted worse disease-free survival (P = 0.03). SOX9 expression was associated with lower risk of relapse in Cox univariable analysis (HR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.35-0.97; P = 0.04). The prognostic value of SOX9 was more pronounced in tumours with expansive growth (P = 0.01) or with venous invasion (P = 0.02). Two validation cohorts from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Asian Cancer Research Group (ACRG) confirmed that low SOX9 expression was significantly associated with poor patient outcome. In conclusion, we have identified SOX9 as a biomarker of disease relapse in gastric cancer patients. Further experiments are needed to elucidate its biological relevance at the cellular level.
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Aguilar-Medina M, Avendaño-Félix M, Lizárraga-Verdugo E, Bermúdez M, Romero-Quintana JG, Ramos-Payan R, Ruíz-García E, López-Camarillo C. SOX9 Stem-Cell Factor: Clinical and Functional Relevance in Cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:6754040. [PMID: 31057614 PMCID: PMC6463569 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6754040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transcriptional and epigenetic embryonic programs can be reactivated in cancer cells. As result, a specific subset of undifferentiated cells with stem-cells properties emerges and drives tumorigenesis. Recent findings have shown that ectoderm- and endoderm-derived tissues continue expressing stem-cells related transcription factors of the SOX-family of proteins such as SOX2 and SOX9 which have been implicated in the presence of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) in tumors. Currently, there is enough evidence suggesting an oncogenic role for SOX9 in different types of human cancers. This review provides a summary of the current knowledge about the involvement of SOX9 in development and progression of cancer. Understanding the functional roles of SOX9 and clinical relevance is crucial for developing novel treatments targeting CSCs in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Aguilar-Medina
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Mariana Avendaño-Félix
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Erik Lizárraga-Verdugo
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Mercedes Bermúdez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | | | - Rosalío Ramos-Payan
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán, Sinaloa, Mexico
| | - Erika Ruíz-García
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional y Departamento de Tumores Gastro-Intestinales, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. CDMX, Mexico
| | - César López-Camarillo
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico
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Carrasco-Garcia E, García-Puga M, Arevalo S, Matheu A. Towards precision medicine: linking genetic and cellular heterogeneity in gastric cancer. Ther Adv Med Oncol 2018; 10:1758835918794628. [PMID: 30181784 PMCID: PMC6116075 DOI: 10.1177/1758835918794628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular and cellular heterogeneity are phenomena that are revolutionizing
oncology research and becoming critical to the idea of personalized medicine.
Recent comprehensive molecular profiling has identified molecular subtypes of
gastric cancer (GC) and linked them to clinical information. Moreover, GC stem
cells (gCSCs) have been identified and found to be responsible for GC initiation
and progression, Helicobacter pylori oncogenic action and
therapy resistance. Addressing molecular heterogeneity is critical for achieving
an optimal therapeutic approach against GC as well as targeting gCSCs. In this
review, we outline the implications of molecular and cellular heterogeneity in
the treatment of GC and we summarize the clinical impact of the most important
regulators of gCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Carrasco-Garcia
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Gipuzkoa, Spain CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes), Madrid, Spain
| | - Mikel García-Puga
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Sara Arevalo
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Ander Matheu
- Cellular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Paseo Dr. Beguiristain s/n, Gipuzkoa, 20014, Spain IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation, Bilbao, Spain CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERfes) Madrid, Spain
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Zhou M, Jin Z, Liu Y, He Y, Du Y, Yang C, Wang Y, Hu J, Cui L, Gao F, Cao M. Up-regulation of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 in gastrointestinal cancer and its clinical relevance. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2017; 49:737-743. [PMID: 28655144 PMCID: PMC7109844 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmx060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is dysregulated in various malignant tumors and has been associated with tumor progression. However, the expression and regulatory mechanisms of serum CEACAM1 in gastrointestinal cancer are still unclear. The expression ratio of the CEACAM1-L and CEACAM1-S isoforms has seldom been investigated in gastrointestinal cancer. In this study, we intended to explore the expression and diagnostic value of CEACAM1 in gastrointestinal cancer. Serum CEACAM1 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The protein expression and distribution of CEACAM1 in tumors were examined by immunohistochemical staining. The expression patterns and ratio of CEACAM1-L/S were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that serum CEACAM1 levels were significantly higher in cancer patients than in healthy controls. CEACAM1 was found in secreted forms within the neoplastic glands, and its expression was more intense at the tumor invasion front. The CEACAM1-L/S (L:S) ratios were up-regulated during tumorigenesis. Our data suggest that the serum level of CEACAM1 may be used to discriminate gastrointestinal cancer patients from health controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muqing Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zhiming Jin
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiqing He
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Cuixia Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yingzhi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jiajie Hu
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lian Cui
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Molecular Biology Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86-21-64369181; E-mail: (F.G.)/Tel: +86-21-64368564; E-mail: (M.C.)
| | - Manlin Cao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Correspondence address. Tel: +86-21-64369181; E-mail: (F.G.)/Tel: +86-21-64368564; E-mail: (M.C.)
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10
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Rueckschloss U, Kuerten S, Ergün S. The role of CEA-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM1) in vascular homeostasis. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:657-671. [PMID: 27695943 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecules belong to the immunoglobulin superfamily, are expressed in a broad spectrum of tissues and cell types and exert context-dependent activating as well as inhibitory effects. Among these molecules, the CEA-related cell adhesion molecule-1 (CEACAM1) is a transmembrane molecule with an extracellular, a transmembrane and a cytoplasmic domain. The latter contains immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs and functions as a signaling molecule. CEACAM1 can form homo- and heterodimers which is relevant for its signaling activities. CEACAM1 acts as co-receptor that modulates the activity of different receptor types including VEGFR-2, and B and T cell receptors. CEACAM1 is expressed in endothelial cells, in pericytes of developing and newly formed immature blood vessels and in angiogenically activated adult vessels, e.g., tumor blood vessels. However, it is either undetectable or only weakly expressed in quiescent blood vessels. Recent studies indicated that CEACAM1 is involved in the regulation of the endothelial barrier function. In CEACAM1 -/- mice, increased vascular permeability and development of small atherosclerotic lesions was observed in the aortae. CEACAM1 is also detectable in activated lymphatic endothelial cells and plays a role in tumor lymphangiogenesis. This review summarizes the vascular effects of CEACAM1 and focuses on its role in vascular morphogenesis and endothelial barrier regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Rueckschloss
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Köllikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kuerten
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Köllikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Süleyman Ergün
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Würzburg, Köllikerstrasse 6, 97070, Würzburg, Germany.
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Santos JC, Carrasco-Garcia E, Garcia-Puga M, Aldaz P, Montes M, Fernandez-Reyes M, de Oliveira CC, Lawrie CH, Araúzo-Bravo MJ, Ribeiro ML, Matheu A. SOX9 Elevation Acts with Canonical WNT Signaling to Drive Gastric Cancer Progression. Cancer Res 2016; 76:6735-6746. [PMID: 27569216 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer remains one of the leading causes of global cancer mortality due to therapy resistance, with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection being a major risk factor. In this study, we report the significance of an elevation of the stem cell regulator SOX9 in bacteria-infected human gastritis and cancer samples, paralleling increased levels of TNFα SOX9 elevation was more intense in specimens containing the pathogenically significant cagA+ strains of H. pylori Notably, we found that SOX9 was required for bacteria-induced gastric cancer cell proliferation, increased levels of β-catenin, and acquisition of stem cell-like properties. Analysis of three large clinical cohorts revealed elevated SOX9 levels in gastric cancer with advanced tumor stage and poor patient survival. Functionally, SOX9 silencing in gastric cancer cells enhanced apoptosis and senescence, concomitantly with a blockade to self-renewal and tumor-initiating capability. Paralleling these effects, we also found SOX9 to mediate cisplatin chemoresistance associated with reduced disease-free survival. Mechanistic interactions between SOX9 and β-catenin expression suggested the existence of a regulatory role for SOX9 targeting the WNT canonical pathway. Taken together, our findings establish the significance of SOX9 in gastric cancer pathobiology and heterogeneity, with implications for targeting WNT-SOX9 signaling as a rational therapeutic strategy. Cancer Res; 76(22); 6735-46. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Carvalho Santos
- Unidade Integrada de Farmacologia e Gastroenterologia, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil.,Programa de Pos Graduação em Genetica e Biologia Molecular, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mikel Garcia-Puga
- Neuro-oncology group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Paula Aldaz
- Neuro-oncology group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Milagrosa Montes
- Microbiology Service, Biodonostia Health Research Institute and Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Maria Fernandez-Reyes
- Microbiology Service, Biodonostia Health Research Institute and Hospital Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Caroline Candida de Oliveira
- Unidade Integrada de Farmacologia e Gastroenterologia, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Charles H Lawrie
- IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Molecular Oncology Group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Marcos J Araúzo-Bravo
- IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.,Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Marcelo Lima Ribeiro
- Unidade Integrada de Farmacologia e Gastroenterologia, Universidade São Francisco, Bragança Paulista, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Programa de Pos Graduação em Genetica e Biologia Molecular, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ander Matheu
- Neuro-oncology group, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, San Sebastian, Spain. .,IKERBASQUE Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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Yang C, He P, Liu Y, He Y, Yang C, Du Y, Zhou M, Wang W, Zhang G, Wu M, Gao F. Down-regulation of CEACAM1 in breast cancer. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:788-94. [PMID: 26341981 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the CEA family, which has been found to exist as either soluble forms in body fluids or membrane-bound forms on the cell surface. Aberrant CEACAM1 expression is associated with tumor progression and has been found in a variety of human malignancies. Increasing interest has been devoted to the expression of CEACAM1 in breast cancer, but most of these findings are contradictory. The aim of this study was to investigate CEACAM1 expression in breast cancer in greater detail. Using immunohistochemical staining, we found that CEACAM1 expression was reduced or lost in breast cancer tissues compared with noncancerous breast tissues. In addition, soluble CEACAM1 levels in the culture medium of breast cancer cell lines were significantly lower than those in a nontumorigenic breast epithelial cell line. Immunofluorescence analysis consistently showed that breast cancer cell lines have relatively low expression of membrane-bound CEACAM1. Furthermore, CEACAM1 mRNA and protein expression levels were down-regulated in breast cancer cell lines as measured using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Taken together, our results demonstrate a systematic down-regulation of CEACAM1 in breast cancer and suggest that a strategy to restore CEACAM1 expression may be helpful for the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcheng Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Pingqing He
- Department of Breast Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiwen Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yiqing He
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Cuixia Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yan Du
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Muqing Zhou
- Department of Molecular Biology and Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Man Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China Department of Molecular Biology and Clinical Laboratory, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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Guo X, Xiong L, Sun T, Peng R, Zou L, Zhu H, Zhang J, Li H, Zhao J. Expression features of SOX9 associate with tumor progression and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Diagn Pathol 2012; 7:44. [PMID: 22515642 PMCID: PMC3464896 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-7-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/19/2012] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND SOX9 as a member of the SOX (SRY [sex determining region Y] box) gene superfamily has been previously demonstrated to be a proto-oncogene in a variety of malignancies. However, the clinical significance of SOX9 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of SOX9 in HCC and determine its correlation with tumor progression and prognosis. METHODS One-hundred and thirty HCC patients who had undergone curative liver resection were selected and immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) were performed to analyze SOX9 expression in the respective tumors. RESULTS Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and Q-PCR consistently confirmed SOX9 overexpression in HCC tissues compared with their adjacent nonneoplastic tissues (P ≪ 0.01). Additionally, immunostaining showed more SOX9 positive cells in the higher tumor stage (T3 ~ 4) and tumor grade (G3) than in the lower tumor stage (T1 ~ 2, P = 0.03) and tumor grade (G1 ~ 2, P = 0.01), respectively. Moreover, HCC patients with high SOX9 expression were significantly associated with lower 5-year overall survival (P ≪ 0.01) and lower 5-year disease-free survival (P ≪ 0.01), respectively. The Cox proportional hazards model further showed that SOX9 over-expression was an independent poor prognostic factor for both 5-year disease-free survival (hazards ratio [HR] = 2.621, 95% confidence interval[CI] = 1.548-5.829, P = 0.01) and 5-year overall survival (HR = 3.825, CI = 1.638-7.612, P = 0.003) in HCC. CONCLUSION Our data suggest for the first time that the overexpression of SOX9 protein in HCC tissues is of predictive value on tumor progression and poor prognosis. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/9029740396926377.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Guo
- Postgraduate Medical School of PLA, Beijing, China
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